WO2023093304A1 - 主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法 - Google Patents

主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法 Download PDF

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WO2023093304A1
WO2023093304A1 PCT/CN2022/123321 CN2022123321W WO2023093304A1 WO 2023093304 A1 WO2023093304 A1 WO 2023093304A1 CN 2022123321 W CN2022123321 W CN 2022123321W WO 2023093304 A1 WO2023093304 A1 WO 2023093304A1
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auxiliary
discharge
voltage
main
tcms
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PCT/CN2022/123321
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐朝林
刘忠伟
李昭宇
王志强
高磊
宋杨
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中车大连机车车辆有限公司
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Priority to ZA2022/11750A priority Critical patent/ZA202211750B/en
Publication of WO2023093304A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023093304A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of discharge control for diesel locomotives, in particular to an emergency discharge control method for a main and auxiliary integrated diesel locomotive.
  • the main-auxiliary integrated structure saves auxiliary generators, and at the same time uses traction under electric braking conditions.
  • the energy fed back by the motor supplies power to the auxiliary system, saving energy.
  • the locomotive will have a discharge circuit fault during the daily maintenance test and the locomotive line operation. It may be caused by the line or the discharge device itself. After the locomotive has a discharge fault, there is high voltage in the main circuit, and the voltage needs to be very high. It takes a long time to drop below the safe voltage. This situation has great potential safety hazards. If this fault occurs during line operation, the locomotive will be broken. Therefore, it is very urgent to find a fast discharge method when the locomotive discharge device fails. .
  • a resistor is hung under the capacitor.
  • the function of this resistor is to play the role of slow discharge. Put the voltage below the safe voltage, and use this method to discharge when the discharge circuit fails.
  • the slow discharge resistor is always in the main circuit. Considering the discharge power, heat generation and other factors, its resistance value will be very large, so the discharge time will be very long.
  • the slow discharge resistor is used to discharge the voltage, and the voltage cannot be released quickly and effectively, which may easily cause personal safety accidents and cause the locomotive to be broken due to the discharge fault, so this discharge method using the slow discharge resistor is not applicable. Rapid discharge in emergency situations.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an emergency discharge control method for a main and auxiliary integrated diesel locomotive.
  • the main and auxiliary integrated structure diesel locomotive fails, the The locomotive TCMS control auxiliary system enters the emergency discharge mode to quickly release the voltage in the main circuit to realize fast and safe discharge and ensure personal safety. The fault caused the locomotive to break down.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • the emergency discharge control method for a main and auxiliary integrated diesel locomotive comprises the following steps:
  • TCMS can manually select to enter the emergency discharge work through the display screen when it judges that the main generator stops generating power and the communication between TCMS and the auxiliary converter unit and auxiliary inverter is normal. model;
  • the TCMS After entering the emergency discharge working mode, the TCMS will send the emergency discharge command to the auxiliary converter unit and the auxiliary inverter;
  • the auxiliary converter unit and the auxiliary inverter After receiving the emergency discharge command, the auxiliary converter unit and the auxiliary inverter will no longer consider the variation range of the front-end input voltage, and use the voltage remaining in the intermediate DC link to drive the auxiliary fan to rotate, so as to quickly discharge the remaining voltage discharge;
  • the TCMS will generate power normally, and through control methods such as limiting the locomotive traction gear, the highest voltage, prohibiting the occurrence of discharge faults, and entering into the electric braking mode, to ensure that the locomotive can continue to run.
  • step S1 the following requirements need to be met when entering the emergency discharge working mode:
  • the TCMS detects a discharge fault in the first loop
  • the TCMS closes the excitation of the main generator to ensure that the main generator does not generate electricity
  • step S3 the step of rapidly releasing the retained voltage is:
  • the TCMS will detect the intermediate DC link voltage in real time, and when it detects that the first intermediate DC link voltage is ⁇ safe voltage, the TCMS will send a stop command to the auxiliary converter unit and auxiliary inverter, and automatically exit the emergency Discharge working mode.
  • the present invention is further set to: in step S31, due to the different working characteristics of the auxiliary fan load, only the auxiliary inverter using variable voltage and frequency is controlled to work in the emergency discharge working mode.
  • the present invention is further set as: the main-auxiliary integrated structure locomotive has a discharge circuit failure judgment condition that the intermediate DC link voltage is not detected to drop below the expected limit within the specified time.
  • the present invention is further set to: in step S31, if U2 ⁇ overvoltage protection value, the auxiliary inverter will control the auxiliary fan to work, the operating frequency of the auxiliary inverter will change according to the constant voltage frequency ratio, and according to the output As the voltage U2 changes, the working frequency also changes accordingly.
  • the locomotive TCMS control auxiliary system enters the emergency discharge mode to quickly discharge the voltage in the main circuit, realizing fast and safe discharge, and ensuring personal safety. It is safe, and at the same time, after the discharge fault, a special control strategy is adopted to ensure the operation of the locomotive as much as possible, and to avoid the locomotive being broken due to the fault of the discharge circuit.
  • Figure 1 is the topology diagram of the main circuit of the main and auxiliary integrated locomotive
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the emergency discharge triggering process.
  • the emergency discharge control method of the main and auxiliary integrated diesel locomotive including the following steps:
  • TCMS will report a discharge fault, and the display will sound an alarm to remind the crew, and the crew can select the emergency discharge of the locomotive through the locomotive display function, select the circuit that needs emergency discharge, select intermediate circuit 1 for emergency discharge,
  • the emergency discharge function will be activated when the following conditions are met:
  • TCMS detects the discharge fault of the first circuit
  • TCMS turns off the excitation of the main generator to ensure that the main generator does not generate electricity
  • the locomotive After the above conditions are met, click the start button on the display screen. In this working mode, the locomotive will be in a loading lock state and cannot perform loading operations. At the same time, the TCMS will send an emergency discharge work command to the auxiliary converter unit and auxiliary inverter. The unit switches to the emergency working mode after receiving the command.
  • the front-end input voltage will no longer be judged, as long as the front-end input voltage U1 ⁇ overvoltage protection value, then it will work, and the voltage change output voltage U2 will be controlled by the front-end input voltage;
  • the auxiliary inverter When the auxiliary inverter receives the emergency work order, it will no longer judge the front-end output voltage U2. As long as U2 ⁇ overvoltage protection value, the auxiliary inverter will control the auxiliary fan behind.
  • the working frequency will change according to the constant voltage frequency ratio, and the working frequency will also change according to the change of the voltage U2;
  • auxiliary inverter 2 in the topology diagram drives the traction fan to work, while the Auxiliary inverters with constant voltage and fixed frequency will not work, for example: auxiliary inverter 1 and the air compressor controlled by it.
  • TCMS will detect the voltage of the intermediate DC link in real time.
  • TCMS will send a stop command to the auxiliary converter unit and auxiliary inverter, and will automatically exit the emergency discharge working mode.
  • the TCMS will regenerate power to continue the traction operation, and will limit the traction gear, and control the intermediate DC link voltage to be lower than the maximum working condition under normal traction conditions. Voltage, and the circuit corresponding to the discharge fault is prohibited from entering the electric braking condition.
  • the locomotive can continue to run and prevent the locomotive from being broken due to the discharge fault. The most important thing is that this method can discharge quickly to ensure personal safety and prevent accidents from happening.
  • the chopper discharge device is mainly composed of an IGBT chopper module connected in series with a braking resistor.
  • the role of rapid discharge Taking the first circuit of the rack-controlled locomotive as an example, after the generator works, the AC power is converted into DC power through the main rectification device.
  • the locomotive is divided into two intermediate DC circuits.
  • the converter device and the auxiliary converter device share the same bus voltage, that is, voltage U1.
  • the auxiliary converter device changes the voltage U1 input by the front end to fix the output voltage U2 through voltage changes, and U1>U2, and then drives all auxiliary inverters through U2
  • the inverter works to drive all auxiliary loads to work.
  • the TCMS control auxiliary system of the locomotive enters the emergency discharge mode to quickly discharge the voltage in the main circuit, realize fast and safe discharge, and ensure personal safety.
  • a special control strategy is adopted to ensure the operation of the locomotive as much as possible to avoid the locomotive breaking due to the fault of the discharge circuit.

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Abstract

本发明涉及内燃机车放电控制技术领域,具体涉及主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法;包括:S1、主辅一体式结构机车出现放电回路故障时,TCMS在判断主发电机停止发电、TCMS与辅助变流单元和辅助逆变器通讯正常的情况下,可通过显示屏手动选择进入应急放电工作模式;S2、进入应急放电工作模式后,所述TCMS会将应急放电指令发给辅助变流单元与辅助逆变器。本发明中,采用主辅一体式结构内燃机车在放电装置或者放电回路出现故障时,通过机车TCMS控制辅助系统进入应急放电模式把主回路中的电压快速放掉,实现快速、安全放电、确保人身安全,同时在放电故障后采取特殊的控制策略尽可能地保证机车运行,避免因放电回路故障导致机车机破。

Description

主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及内燃机车放电控制技术领域,具体涉及主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法。
背景技术
近些年随着国内交流传动内燃机车控制技术的不断发展,主辅一体式结构的内燃机车越来越多,采用主辅一体结构节省了辅助发电机,同时在电制动工况下利用牵引电机反馈的能量给辅助系统供电,节约了能源。机车在日常段内维护测试过程中和机车线路运行中会出现放电回路故障的情况,有可能是线路原因或者放电装置本身故障,机车在出现放电故障后主回路中存在高压电,电压需要很长时间才能降到安全电压以下,这种情况存在很大的安全隐患,如果线路运行中出现此故障将造成机车机破,所以十分迫切的需要找到一种在机车放电装置故障时的快速放电方法。
在现有机车主电路设计中,都会在电容下面挂有电阻,这个电阻的作用就是起到慢放电的作用,在机车出现放电故障时在主发电机不发电的情况下通过慢放电阻把主回路的电压放到安全电压以下,用这种方式起到在放电回路故障时的放电作用。
但现有技术中,慢放电阻是一直在主回路中的,考虑到放电功率,发热等因素其阻值会非常大,所以放电时间会非常长,机车在线路运行中或者日常检修维护中,一旦出现放电装置故障用慢放电阻来放电,不能及时有效地快速放掉电压,容易造成人身安全事故,并造成 机车因放电故障导致机破,所以这种用慢放电阻的放电方式并不适用紧急情况下的快速放电。
发明内容
针对现有技术所存在的上述缺点,本发明的目的在于提供主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法,本发明中,采用主辅一体式结构内燃机车在放电装置或者放电回路出现故障时,通过机车TCMS控制辅助系统进入应急放电模式把主回路中的电压快速放掉,实现快速、安全放电、确保人身安全,同时在放电故障后采取特殊的控制策略尽可能地保证机车运行,避免因放电回路故障导致机车机破。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、主辅一体式结构机车出现放电回路故障时,TCMS在判断主发电机停止发电、TCMS与辅助变流单元和辅助逆变器通讯正常的情况下,可通过显示屏手动选择进入应急放电工作模式;
S2、进入应急放电工作模式后,所述TCMS会将应急放电指令发给辅助变流单元与辅助逆变器;
S3、所述辅助变流单元与辅助逆变器收到应急放电指令后,将不再考虑前端输入电压的变化范围,利用留存在中间直流环节的电压,带动辅助风机转动,从而快速把留存的电压放掉;
S4、在放电成功后,所述TCMS将正常发电,并通过限制机车牵引挡位、最高电压、禁止发生放电故障的回路,进入电制动工况等控制方法,确保机车能够继续运行。
本发明进一步设置为:在步骤S1中,进入应急放电工作模式需满足以下要求:
S10、所述TCMS检测到第一回路放电故障;
S11、所述TCMS关闭主发励磁,确保主发电机不发电;
S12、所述TCMS与辅助变流单元通讯正常;
S13、所述TCMS与辅助逆变器通讯正常。
本发明进一步设置为:在步骤S3中,快速把留存的电压放掉的步骤为:
S30、若前端输入电压U1≦过压保护值,将不再对前端输入电压进行判定,切换至应急放电工作模式,通过前端输入电压U1控制电压变化输出电压U2;
S31、当所述辅助逆变器收到应急工作指令,也将不再对前端输出电压U2进行判定;
S32、利用中间直流环节留存的高压电,快速带动辅助负载工作,快速的放掉留存在中间直流环节的电压;
S33、所述TCMS会实时检测中间直流环节电压,当检测到第一路中间直流环节电压≦安全电压时,所述TCMS将发给辅助变流单元和辅助逆变器停止指令,并自动退出应急放电工作模式。
本发明进一步设置为:在步骤S31中,由于所述辅助风机负载的工作特性不同,在应急放电工作模式下,只控制采用变压变频的辅助逆变器工作.
本发明进一步设置为:所述主辅一体式结构机车出现放电回路故 障判断条件为中间直流环节电压未在规定的时间内检测到降低到预期的限值以下。
本发明进一步设置为:在步骤S31中,若U2≦过压保护值,所述辅助逆变器将控制辅助风机工作,所述辅助逆变器的工作频率将根据恒压频比变化,根据输出电压U2的变化工作频率也随之变化。
有益效果
采用本发明提供的技术方案,与已知的公有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:
本发明中,采用主辅一体式结构内燃机车在放电装置或者放电回路出现故障时,通过机车TCMS控制辅助系统进入应急放电模式把主回路中的电压快速放掉,实现快速、安全放电、确保人身安全,同时在放电故障后采取特殊的控制策略尽可能地保证机车运行,避免因放电回路故障导致机车机破。
附图说明
图1为主辅一体式机车主回路的拓扑图;
图2为应急放电触发过程的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例1
请参阅图1-2,主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法,包括以下步骤:
机车在运行中或者日常维护试验中TCMS一旦检测到过压、过流等故障时会进行卸载放电操作,TCMS发出放电指令或者导通放电回路电阻后,机车中间直流环节电压降快速下降。
如果在规定的时间内检测的中间直流环节电压没有降低到预期的限值以下,TCMS将报出放电故障,此时显示屏将会发出报警铃声提示乘务员,乘务员可以通过机车显示屏选择机车应急放电功能,选择需要应急放电的回路,选择中间回路1进行应急放电,
在满足如下条件时应急放电功能将激活:
a.TCMS检测到第一回路放电故障;
b.TCMS关闭主发励磁,确保主发电机不发电;
c.TCMS与辅助变流单元通讯正常;
d.TCMS与辅助逆变器通讯正常。
满足上述条件后,点击显示屏开始按钮,在此工作模式下机车将处于加载封锁状态,不能进行加载操作,同时TCMS把应急放电工作指令发给辅助变流单元和辅助逆变器,辅助变流单元收到指令后切换到应急工作模式。
在此工作模式下将不再对前端输入电压进行判定,只要前端输入电压U1≦过压保护值,那么就会进行工作,通过前端输入电压控制 电压变化输出电压U2;
当辅助逆变器收到应急工作指令,也将不再对前端输出电压U2进行判定,只要U2≦过压保护值,那么辅助逆变器就会控制后面的辅助风机工作,辅助逆变器的工作频率将根据恒压频比变化,根据电压U2的变化工作频率也随之变化;
其中,由于风机负载的工作特性不同,所以在应急放电工作模式下只控制采用变压变频的辅助逆变器工作,例如:拓扑图中的辅助逆变器2工作带动牵引通风机工作,而采用定压定频的辅助逆变器不会工作,例如:辅助逆变器1和其控制的空压机。
这样就能利用中间直流环节留存的高压电快速带动辅助负载工作,从而能够快速的放掉留存在中间直流环节的电压,同时TCMS会实时检测中间直流环节电压,当检测到第一路中间直流环节电压≦安全电压时,TCMS将发给辅助变流单元和辅助逆变器停止指令,并将自动退出应急放电工作模式。
如果机车在线路运行中出现此情况,当通过应急放电功能快速放电成功后,TCMS将重新发电继续牵引运行,并将限定牵引挡位,控制中间直流环节电压要小于正常牵引工况下的最高工作电压,并且禁止放电故障对应的回路进入电制动工况,通过以上措施就能够让机车继续运行,防止机车因为放电故障造成机破。最为重要的是通过此方法能够快速地放电,确保人身安全,防止意外情况发生。
在本实施例中,如图1所示,其中斩波放电装置主要由IGBT斩波模块与制动电阻串联组成,机车TCMS控制斩波放电装置的启动与 停止,起到了机车进行过压保护和快速放电的作用。以架控机车第一回路为例,发电机工作后通过主整流装置将交流电转换为直流电,机车分为两路中间直流回路,第一路直流电输出给主传动系统和辅助变流装置,即主变流装置与辅助变流装置共用同一母线电压,即电压U1,辅助变流装置通过电压变化,把前端输入的电压U1变化固定输出电压U2,且U1>U2,然后通过U2带动所有辅助逆变器工作从而带动所有辅助负载工作。采用主辅一体式结构内燃机车在放电装置或者放电回路出现故障时,通过机车TCMS控制辅助系统进入应急放电模式把主回路中的电压快速放掉,实现快速、安全放电、确保人身安全,同时在放电故障后采取特殊的控制策略尽可能地保证机车运行,避免因放电回路故障导致机车机破。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不会使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    S1、主辅一体式结构机车出现放电回路故障时,TCMS在判断主发电机停止发电、TCMS与辅助变流单元和辅助逆变器通讯正常的情况下,可通过显示屏手动选择进入应急放电工作模式;
    S2、进入应急放电工作模式后,所述TCMS会将应急放电指令发给辅助变流单元与辅助逆变器;
    S3、所述辅助变流单元与辅助逆变器收到应急放电指令后,将不再考虑前端输入电压的变化范围,利用留存在中间直流环节的电压,带动辅助风机转动,从而快速把留存的电压放掉;
    S4、在放电成功后,所述TCMS将正常发电,并通过限制机车牵引挡位、最高电压、禁止发生放电故障的回路,进入电制动工况等控制方法,确保机车能够继续运行。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法,其特征在于,在步骤S1中,进入应急放电工作模式需满足以下要求:
    S10、所述TCMS检测到第一回路放电故障;
    S11、所述TCMS关闭主发励磁,确保主发电机不发电;
    S12、所述TCMS与辅助变流单元通讯正常;
    S13、所述TCMS与辅助逆变器通讯正常。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法,其特征在于,在步骤S3中,快速把留存的电压放掉的步骤为:
    S30、若前端输入电压U1≦过压保护值,将不再对前端输入电压进行判定,切换至应急放电工作模式,通过前端输入电压U1控制电压变化输出电压U2;
    S31、当所述辅助逆变器收到应急工作指令,也将不再对前端输出电压U2进行判定;
    S32、利用中间直流环节留存的高压电,快速带动辅助负载工作,快速的放掉留存在中间直流环节的电压;
    S33、所述TCMS会实时检测中间直流环节电压,当检测到第一路中间直流环节电压≦安全电压时,所述TCMS将发给辅助变流单元和辅助逆变器停止指令,并自动退出应急放电工作模式。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法,其特征在于,在步骤S31中,由于所述辅助风机负载的工作特性不同,在应急放电工作模式下,只控制采用变压变频的辅助逆变器工作。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法,其特征在于,所述主辅一体式结构机车出现放电回路故障判断条件为中间直流环节电压未在规定的时间内检测到降低到预期的限值以下。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的主辅一体式内燃机车应急放电控制方法,其特征在于,在步骤S31中,若U2≦过压保护值,所述辅助逆变器将控制辅助风机工作,所述辅助逆变器的工作频率将根据恒压频比变化,根据输出电压U2的变化工作频率也随之变化。
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