WO2023090210A1

WO2023090210A1 - Modular frame structure and unit module for use therein

Info

Publication number: WO2023090210A1
Application number: PCT/JP2022/041633
Authority: WO
Inventors: 泰司梶川
Original assignee: 泰司梶川
Priority date: 2021-11-19
Filing date: 2022-11-09
Publication date: 2023-05-25
Also published as: JP7098038B1; JP2023075890A; JP2023075704A; JP2023075889A

Abstract

Provided are: a modular frame structure that, in a case of forming a truss structure by combining unit modules, enables the forming by combining the unit modules only, without using connection members other than the unit modules, further enables assembling of a stable truss structure by, for example, forming complementary quadrangular-pyramid regions thereinside, and enables formation of a vertical framework such as walls with respect to a horizontal framework such as a roof and a floor through joining at right angles, by using the truss structure; and a unit module for use in the modular frame structure.　This modular frame structure is obtained by producing unit modules each serving as a unit structure frame of a space truss structure, and constructing the space truss structure by mutually joining the unit modules. The unit modules are obtained by forming ridgeline portions of regular tetrahedrons or regular octahedrons from frames 3 having long-and-thin joining surfaces 2, connecting ends of the frames 3 having the long-and-thin joining surfaces 2 to thereby assemble a tetra-module 1, which is a regular tetrahedron structure frame, or an octa-module which is a regular octahedron structure frame. The frames 3 having the long-and-thin joining surfaces 2 are joined by joining the long-and-thin joining surfaces 2, tetra-modules 1 or octa-modules which serve as the unit modules are mutually connected, and thereby the space truss structure is formed.

Description

Modular frame structure and unit modules used for it

The present invention relates to a modular frame structure of a structure using a space truss and a unit module used therein.

The truss structure, which consists of the roof and side walls of a structure with a three-dimensional truss module that combines single-shaped members into regular tetrahedrons or regular octahedrons, is composed only of shaped members, so management and construction of members The procedure can be simplified, and the construction work can be made more efficient by modularizing the members.

For example, the following patent document was proposed by Mr. Richard Buckminster Fuller. An octet truss structure is disclosed that comprises the sidewalls and the like.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,986,241

This patent describes an octet truss structure, which is a planar or layered vector counterbalance-like structure, and is used for the dock roof and wall of a B-36 bomber as shown in FIGS. An example of forming is shown.

As for the octet truss structure, many proposals have been made in the past. Frames (strings) are connected with joints (connecting members) to create a tetrahedral frame that becomes a unit frame of the space truss structure, and the tetrahedral frames are mutually connected. The content of constructing a three-dimensional truss structure by joining to is shown in the following patent document.
Japanese Patent No. 4431805 Japanese Patent No. 4709982

Modularization (unitization) is an important factor in forming a space truss structure by combining members of a single shape, but in Patent Document 1, a seat module as shown in FIG. 41 is constructed instead of a strut module. An example of an octet truss structure is shown. An octet truss structure is a truss structure that consists of a regular tetrahedral frame region and a regular octahedral frame region, one of which is a complementary spatial region.

The sheet module may be a thin sheet of aluminum 39 with a flange 40 extending from one edge as shown in FIG. Extends at an angle and overlies the octahedral and tetrahedral faces of the framework system.

The flange 41 faces upward and outward of the seat, and the flange 42 faces downward and outward.

One of the truss octahedrons in FIG. 42 is assembled from four aluminum sheets 39 .

The unit-type frame structure and frame member units of the structure of Patent Document 4 below are proposed to secure a wide space inside by using a vector balance truss as a basic module.
Japanese Patent No. 4889020

In Patent Document 4, a plurality of vector-balanced truss units composed of frame members of the same length are opposed on either side by two units, and the corresponding four nodes on the bottom and top sides of the opposed sides are respectively A connecting member B having the same length as the framework member A is used to bridge and join, and the mating nodes of the triangular pairs on the opposite sides are joined to connect in the lateral direction.

According to Patent Document 4, a quadrangular pyramid truss is formed between the side surfaces of the vector-balanced trusses that are connected, so it is possible to assemble a unit of vector-balanced trusses that are unstable as a single unit into a stable truss structure.

In addition, since the basic unit is a vector-equilibrium truss in the shape of a cube (regular hexahedron) with each vertex cut off, a relatively large cubic internal space can be secured inside each truss structure.

In the module shown in FIG. 40 in Patent Document 1, the angle of the seat flange of the seat is not uniform, and it changes as appropriate depending on the location of use, and is not all the same member. Also, although the octahedron of the truss of FIG. 41 is assembled from four aluminum sheets 39, it is difficult to construct a truss structure using this octahedron as a single module.

Further, in the truss structure of Patent Document 1, as shown in FIGS. 43 and 44, the walls are formed obliquely with respect to the roof to form the framework of the roof, walls, and floor made of trusses forming a triangle. end up

The unit type frame structure and frame member units of the structure of Patent Document 4 combine a plurality of units of vector balance type truss to form a three-dimensional truss structure. A combination of two types of members to be joined is required.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION To solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional example, it is possible to combine unit modules to form a truss structure by combining only the unit modules without using connecting members other than the unit modules. A module that can be assembled as a stable truss structure by forming a complementary quadrangular pyramid region, etc., and a truss structure that can form a vertical framework such as a wall with a right angle connection to a horizontal framework such as a roof or floor. The object is to provide a type frame structure and unit modules used therein.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a modular frame structure. Firstly, a module is constructed to construct a space truss structure by constructing unit modules that are unit frames of a space truss structure and connecting the unit modules to each other. is a framework structure,
A unit module is formed by forming a ridge of a regular tetrahedron or a regular octahedron with a frame having elongated joint surfaces, and connecting the ends of the frames with these elongated joint surfaces to form a unit frame of a space truss structure. It is a modular frame structure that constructs a three-dimensional truss structure by connecting unit modules to each other,
A unit module is formed by forming a ridge of a regular tetrahedron or a regular octahedron with a frame having elongated joint surfaces, and connecting the ends of the frames having these elongate joint surfaces so that the elongate joint surfaces of the frame form a regular tetrahedron or octahedron. A tetramodule, which is a regular tetrahedral structure in which the direction of the elongated joint surface is determined so as to be perpendicular to the perpendicular line connecting the center of the module and the midpoints of the elongated joint surfaces as a surface obtained by planarly scraping off the ridgeline of the facepiece; Or assemble it into an octamodule, which is a regular octahedral frame,
The gist of the present invention is to form a three-dimensional truss structure by joining tetra-modules or octa-modules, which are unit modules, by joining frames having elongated joint surfaces to each other.

Second, the three-dimensional truss structure consists of a regular tetrahedral frame region and a regular octahedral frame region, and the gist is that it is an octet truss structure in which one of them is a complementary spatial region.

Third, a space truss structure assembled with tetramodules has a complementary quadrangular pyramid inside the space truss structure as a result of joining frames having elongated joint surfaces between tetramodules by joining the elongated joint surfaces to each other. The gist is that a shaped truss frame region is constructed.

Fourthly, in the space truss structure assembled with octamodules, as a result of joining the frames having the elongated joint surfaces of the octamodules to each other by joining the elongated joint surfaces, complementary regular four-sided surfaces are provided inside the space truss structure. The gist of this is that a body frame region is configured.

Fifth, the octamodule can be obtained by connecting two tetramodules to each other, adding a frame having a length of √2 parallel to each other, and connecting the octamodules to each other to obtain a √2 The gist is to construct complementary tetrahedral frame regions formed by a frame having a length.

Sixth, the gist of the connection between unit modules is by mutual fixation of frames having elongated joint surfaces.

Seventh, the gist is that the unit modules are connected to each other by fixing the joint members to each other.

Eighth, the gist is that unit modules are connected together by both fixing frames having elongated joint surfaces to each other and joint members to each other.

The gist of the ninth is that unit modules are joined together by forming unevenness on the elongated joint surface and joining by intermittent bonding due to this unevenness.

Tenth, the gist is to cover and connect the joints of the unit modules with a gusset plate to reinforce the joints between the unit modules.

Eleventh, the gist is that the gusset plate is based on the disk plate.

The gist of the twelfth aspect is to cover and connect the joints of the unit modules on the outer periphery with a disk plate bent at 90 degrees to reinforce the joints between the unit modules.

As a unit module used in the modular frame structure, firstly, assuming a regular tetrahedron, the frame that becomes the ridgeline portion of the regular tetrahedron is formed of members having elongated joint surfaces, and these members having elongated joint surfaces are The lengths are the same, and the ends of the frames are connected so that the slender joint surface of the frame is formed by shaving off the ridges of a regular tetrahedron or regular octahedron. The gist is that the tetramodule is a regular tetrahedral structure in which the orientation of the elongated joint surfaces is determined so as to be perpendicular to the vertical line.

Secondly, assuming a regular octahedron, the frame that forms the ridge line of the regular octahedron is formed of members having elongated joint surfaces, and these members having elongate joint surfaces have the same length, and their ends are connected. The elongated joint surface of the frame is a surface obtained by shaving the ridgeline of a regular tetrahedron or regular octahedron so that the direction of the elongated joint surface is orthogonal to the perpendicular line connecting the center of the module and each midpoint of the elongated joint surface. The gist of this is that it is assembled into an octamodule, which is a regular octahedral frame.

Third, assuming a regular tetrahedron, the frame that forms the ridge line of the regular tetrahedron is formed of members having elongated joint surfaces. Two tetramodules, which are tetrahedral frames assembled by connecting, are connected to each other, and a frame having a length of √2 parallel to each other is added to assemble an octamodule, which is a regular octahedral frame. This is the gist.

Fourthly, the ends of the frame having elongated joint surfaces are connected by joint members. Fifth, the frames having elongated joint surfaces are made of flat plates, hollow pipes, H-shaped or other shaped steel, angle members, and channel members. The gist is to select one of them.

Sixthly, the joint member has three joint pieces that are connected to the frame having elongated joint surfaces and are spread out at an angle of 120° or 90° from each other in a plan view, and these joint pieces are connected to each other on the top plate or the side plate. The gist is to be connected.

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, in constructing unit modules that can be used in blocks and combining the unit modules so as to construct a space truss structure, the edges of regular tetrahedrons or octahedrons are used. Since the slender joint surfaces of the members having slender joint surfaces can be joined to form the frames that form the parts, the three-dimensional truss structure can be constructed by combining only the unit modules without using members other than the unit modules as connecting members. can be constructed, assembly can be performed easily and quickly with a small number of man-hours, and can be formed by combining only unit modules, so prefabrication is improved.

Furthermore, when unit modules are combined, the tetrahedral or octahedral ridgeline frames are overlapped with each other to form a double layer, which increases strength. The structure itself becomes solid.

In addition, each unit module can be assembled by joining the slender joint surfaces of the frame, which is the ridgeline part, so that the modules can be stacked not only in the lateral direction but also in the vertical direction to assemble a multi-layered stable truss structure.

Furthermore, by simply connecting the unit modules, a stable truss structure with variable shape can be constructed, so it is possible to easily respond to changes in specifications and space requirements after construction.

Depending on the number of required unit module spaces, it can be applied to various modular space structures, from small prefabricated structures such as vinyl houses, lodges, and shelters to large-scale structures such as buildings.

Since the framework of the structure can be constructed by combining only the unit modules, it is easy to manufacture and manage the members, and when assembling, it is sufficient to connect modules of the same shape in the same pattern, so construction efficiency and cost reduction can be achieved. .

Also, when a combination of tetra modules as floors and walls is horizontally or vertically deployed to form a three-dimensional truss structure, the connection between the floor portion and the wall portion is the joint between the frames arranged horizontally or vertically and in the orthogonal direction, Space truss structures as floors and walls can be assembled at right angles, and walls can be formed that rise (or fall) at right angles to the floor.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the modular frame structure is an octet truss structure having a regular tetrahedral frame region and a regular octahedral frame region, and the regular tetrahedral frame region and the regular octahedral frame region are the A stable truss structure can be assembled using only the tetramodules, since one of them is a complementary spatial region.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the tetramodule, which is a regular tetrahedral frame, is formed by joining the elongated joint surfaces of the members having the elongated joint surfaces to form the frames that form the two ridge line portions. The overlapping frames are diagonals, while the other frames are aligned horizontally or vertically and orthogonally with the elongate joint faces facing outward. When this is further combined, a complementary quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region is constructed inside the space truss structure.

Thus, when the unit modules are tetramodules, when the tetramodules are assembled in the front, rear, left, and right, a complementary quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region is formed between the side surfaces of the unit modules, or a complementary quadrangular pyramidal truss frame is formed. An octet truss structure is constructed by combining the regions, and a stable truss structure can be assembled only with tetramodules.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the unit modules are octamodules, when the octamodules are assembled, a tetratruss space is formed in which complementary regular tetrahedron frame regions are formed between the side surfaces of the unit modules. A stable truss structure can be assembled using only tetramodules.

According to the present invention of

claims

5 and 15, two tetramodules are used to form an octamodule, and octamodules formed by adding a frame having a length of {square root}2 parallel to each other are mutually arranged. By concatenating, tetrahedral frame regions having complementary lengths of √2 can be constructed.

According to the present invention of claims 6 to 8, the unit modules are connected to each other by fixing the frames having long joint surfaces to each other, by fixing the joint members to each other, or by fixing the joint members to each other. In either case, the elongated joint surfaces of the members having the elongated joint surfaces are joined to the frame, which is the ridge line portion of the regular tetrahedron or octahedron. can be done, so a robust coupling can be made.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, unevenness is formed on the elongated joint surfaces, and by joining by intermittent bonding due to the unevenness, it is possible to join the elongated joint surfaces and connect the unit modules to each other firmly. can be a binding.

According to the tenth to twelfth aspects of the present invention, the gusset plate can reinforce the joint between the unit modules between the joint members. Further, since the gusset plate is a disk plate, it is possible to reinforce the connection of the four unit modules with a single gusset plate. Furthermore, joints of the unit modules on the outer periphery can be covered with a disc plate bent at 90 degrees to connect the joints of the unit modules, thereby reinforcing the joints between the unit modules.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the tetramodule, which is a regular tetrahedral frame, can be formed simply by assembling members of the same length, and can be produced at low cost with a small number of members.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the octamodule, which is a regular octahedral frame, can be formed simply by assembling members of the same length, and can be manufactured at low cost with a small number of members.

According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, a unit module in which a ridge portion of a regular tetrahedron or a regular octahedron is formed by a frame having an elongated joint surface can be formed by connecting the frame ends with a joint member. It can be formed without troublesome work such as welding the ends together, and sufficient structural strength can be ensured by the joint member.

According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the frame can have various cross-sectional shapes as long as it has an elongated joint surface. It is possible to select either

According to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, there is shown an example of a joint member. By forming a joint piece portion to the frame having an elongated joint surface in the joint member, the frame can be attached via this joint piece portion. Easy to assemble.

As described above, the modular frame structure of the present invention and the unit modules used therefor form a truss structure by combining the unit modules without using connecting members other than the unit modules. Moreover, it can be assembled as a stable truss structure by forming a complementary spatial area inside, and the truss structure allows vertical frameworks such as walls to be perpendicular to horizontal frameworks such as roofs and floors. It is something that can be formed through bonding.

1 is a plan view showing one embodiment of a frame structure of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing how unit modules are assembled together when the unit modules used in the frame structure of the present invention are tetrahedral frames. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of FIG. 1 showing the frame structure of the present invention in a state where the whole is a disk-like body; FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which the board-like body is orthogonal to the frame structure of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the board-like bodies are orthogonal to each other in the framework structure of the present invention; 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment in which unit modules used in the frame structure of the present invention are tetramodules. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which a unit module used in the frame structure of the present invention is a tetramodule; FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view showing an example of a joint member used in unit modules used in the frame structure of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a joint member used in unit modules used in the frame structure of the present invention; FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing coupling between joint members; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing joining of a joint member to a frame having elongated joining surfaces; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of mutual joining of unit modules; FIG. 4 is a plan view showing that a quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss frame region is formed inside when the unit module is a tetra-module in the frame structure of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state of connection in which a quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss frame region is formed inside when the unit module is a tetra-module in the framework structure of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing that in the frame structure of the present invention, when the unit modules are tetramodules, a quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss frame region is formed inside. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing that, in the frame structure of the present invention, when the unit module is a tetramodule, a regular octahedral frame region is formed inside. FIG. 17 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 16; FIG. 4 is a front view showing an application example of the gusset plate; FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing development of assembly of unit modules in the frame structure of the present invention; It is explanatory drawing of a regular tetrahedron. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the center and vertices of a regular tetrahedron; FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment in which unit modules used in the frame structure of the present invention are octahedral-shaped frames. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the unit modules used in the frame structure of the present invention are octahedral-shaped frames. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of forming a tetrahedral frame region inside a truss structure obtained by assembling unit modules in the case of an octa module in which the unit modules of the present invention are octahedral frames. FIG. 24 is a plan view when the unit modules of FIG. 23 are further increased; FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing that an octamodule, which is a regular octahedral frame, is created from two tetramodules. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a combination of octamodules made from two tetramodules; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example in which a frame having elongated joint surfaces of unit modules is made of angle members; 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a tetramodule in which a frame with elongated joint surfaces is formed of H-beam steel; FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a combined state of tetra modules in which a frame having elongated joint surfaces is formed of H-shaped steel; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example in which a frame having elongated joint surfaces of unit modules is made of a channel material; FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a combined state of tetra-modules in which a frame having elongated joint surfaces is formed of a channel material; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing formation of a regular octahedral frame by combining four tetramodules; FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a frame structure by combining 64 tetramodules; FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a frame structure by combining 216 tetramodules; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an embodiment in which unit modules used in the frame structure of the present invention are integral tetramodules. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an assembled state of the integrated tetra-module; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment in which the unit modules used in the frame structure of the present invention are integral tetramodules. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an assembled state of an integrated tetra-module according to another embodiment; 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional unit module proposed by Buckminster Fuller; FIG. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a conventional space truss structure composed of unit modules proposed by Buckminster Fuller. 1 is a perspective view of an octahedron composed of unit modules proposed by Buckminster Fuller as a conventional example. FIG. FIG. 10 is a front view showing an example of forming the roof and walls of an airplane dock with a space truss structure proposed by Buckminster Fuller as a conventional example. FIG. 10 is a side view showing an example of forming the roof and walls of an aircraft dock with a space truss structure proposed by Buckminster Fuller as a conventional example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing one embodiment of the frame structure of the present invention. A tetrahedral frame that is a unit frame (referred to as a unit module) of the space truss structure is constructed, and the tetramodules 1 that are the tetrahedral frame are interconnected. Join to construct a space truss structure.

First, the tetramodule 1 will be explained. The tetramodule 1 is a regular tetrahedron, and the regular tetrahedron consists of three equilateral triangular faces A and has four vertices B and six sides C, as shown in FIG. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 21, the mutual angle between the line E connecting the center D of the regular tetrahedron and the vertex B of the regular tetrahedron is 109.5 degrees.

The elongated joint surface 2 of the frame 3 is a plane obtained by cutting off the side C (ridge line) of the regular tetrahedron, and the angle formed by the plane is It has no inclination. Also, the width of the elongated joint surface 2 depends on the degree of scraping, but is not particularly limited. That is, the orientation of the elongated joint surface 2 of the frame 3 is determined so as to be perpendicular to the perpendicular line connecting the center of the tetramodule 1 and the midpoints of the elongated joint surfaces.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the tetramodule 1 is a regular tetrahedron, but to be precise, it is supposed to be a regular tetrahedron, and a frame 3 having an elongated joint surface 2 is used as a ridge line portion of the regular tetrahedron. The end portions of the frame 3 having these elongated joint surfaces 2 were connected by joint members 4 to assemble a regular tetrahedral frame. The equilateral triangle of the regular tetrahedron becomes the opening surface. Note that all frames 3 have the same length.

The frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 serves as a shaft member of the regular tetrahedral frame, and a total of six pieces are assembled together with the joint members 4 . The "shape" of the regular tetrahedral frame means that the tetramodule 1 has a total of six elongated joint surfaces 2, and the four vertices have equilateral triangular planes 7 that are the ceilings of the joint members 4, It is a tetrahedron, although it is a total of 14 faces.

The frame 3 having the slender joint surface 2 is shown in the figure as a rectangular slender flat plate that is a band-shaped square bar. It can be of any shape, such as a semi-cylindrical shape, a triangle or other square shape, and a hollow pipe shape.

As described above, the frame 3 can have various cross-sectional shapes as long as it has an elongated joint surface 2, and a flat plate, hollow tube, H-shaped or other type steel, angle material, or channel material can be selected. Is possible.

Fig. 28 shows an example in which the frame 3 is made from angle material 11, Figs. 29 and 30 show an example in which it is made from H-shaped steel 13, and Figs. 31 and 32 show an example in which it is made from channel material 14.

In addition, the material of the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 can also be selected from various materials depending on the application of the three-dimensional truss structure to be completed, such as steel, metal such as aluminum, wood, synthetic resin, and the like. Titanium with high anti-corrosion properties can be used for offshore structures and the like.

The material of the joint member 4 is also the same, and can be selected from various materials depending on the application, such as metal such as steel and aluminum, wood, synthetic resin, and the like.

The joint member 4 for assembling the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 may have any shape as long as the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 can be assembled into a regular tetrahedral structure. It is preferable that three joint pieces 5 to the frame 3 are developed with a mutual opening of 120° in a plan view, and these joint pieces 5 are connected to each other by a top plate or a side plate 6 . The illustrated example is interconnected by side plates 6 . The side plate 6 may be without this.

In order not to interfere with the mutual joining of the tetramodules 1, which are unit modules, the end faces of the rectangular elongated flat plates 2 should not be covered with the ceiling portion 7 of the joint member 4. is an equilateral triangular opening, or a substantially equilateral triangular (hexagonal) top plate as shown in the figure. The end portions of the joint pieces 5 and the side plates 6 are continuously connected to each (side) edge of the ceiling portion 7 . An enlarged view of the joint member 4 is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG.

Although illustration is omitted, when the ceiling portion 7 of the joint member 4 is composed of a top plate, a through hole for bolt connection may be provided in the central portion thereof.

Also, as shown in FIG. 10, the joint members 4 can be formed into a large mass by joining a plurality of pieces (four pieces in the drawing) by welding or other means.

Regarding the connection between the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 and the joint member 4, at the joint portion of the joint piece 5 of the joint member 4 and the rectangular elongated flat plate 2, the two are overlapped and then fixed, or the elongated joint is applied. A slit is formed in the frame 3 having the surface 2, and the joint piece 5 is inserted into the slit and sandwiched between them.

6 and 7 show an example in which the joint piece 5 of the joint member 4 is joined on the outside of the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2, but conversely, it may be joined on the inside. FIG. 11 shows examples of joining both inside (see FIG. 11a) and outside (see FIG. 11b).

When the joint piece 5 is joined outside the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2, the joint piece 5 of the joint member 4 should be flush with the elongated joint surface 2 so that the joint piece 5 does not protrude. The presence of the member 4 does not interfere with overlapping joining of the frames 3 having the elongated joining surfaces 2 .

Next, the formation of a three-dimensional truss structure with such a tetramodule 1 will be explained. The tetramodules 1 are assembled as unit modules by joining together to form a three-dimensional truss structure. As shown in FIG. The elongated joint surfaces 2 are overlapped and joined.

The tetramodules 1 are joined and fixed to each other by fixing the frames 3 having the elongated joint surfaces 2 to each other at the portion of the frame 3, or by fixing the frames 3 having the elongated joint surfaces 2 to each other. There is a case where the joint members 4 are connected to each other without doing so, and a case where both of them are adopted.

In addition, in order to stack frames 3 having elongated joint surfaces 2 and fix each other at the portion of the frames 3, they are joined by means such as fastening with bolts and nuts, welding, concavo-convex joining, crimping with a band or the like. Is possible.

Furthermore, in order to strengthen the mutual superposition of the frames 3, as shown in FIG.

In addition to the illustration in FIG. 12, examples of joints due to lack of phase due to such irregularities 8 include the case where the elongated joint surface 2 is embossed with point-like irregularities, and the case where teeth are wavy and jagged.

The shape of the three-dimensional truss structure that can be assembled by joining the tetramodules 1 to each other is possible in various forms such as a board shape and a cube shape, and as shown in FIG. be able to.

The space truss structure assembled with the tetramodules 1 has a complementary four-dimensional structure inside the space truss structure as a result of joining the frames 3 having the elongated joint surfaces 2 of the tetramodules 1 to each other by joining the elongated joint surfaces 2 to each other. A pyramidal truss frame region B is constructed.

As shown in FIG. 13, when four tetramodules 1 are combined so that the vertexes are gathered at one point, one of the elongated joint surfaces 2 of the frame 3 corresponding to the sides forming the surfaces facing the vertexes of the tetramodules 1 First, a square frame A surrounding the set of vertices gathered at one point is formed, and a complementary quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss frame region B is formed here.

To further explain the complementary quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss frame region B, two tetra-modules 1, which are unit modules of a regular tetrahedral frame, are joined together at their elongated joint surfaces 2 at the portion of the frame 3 that serves as the ridgeline portion. , the frame 3 on which this elongate joint surface 2 overlaps serves as a diagonal member, while the other frames 3 are arranged horizontally or vertically and orthogonally with the elongate joint surface 2 facing outward. When these are combined, a square frame A on the bottom surface of the complementary quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss frame region B is formed.

Incidentally, the volume of the complementary quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region B is the same as the volume of two tetramodules 1 combined.

When the tetramodules 1 that are connected in this way are assembled in the front, back, left, and right, it is possible to form a complementary quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss frame region B between the side surfaces of the unit modules, and a stable truss structure can be formed only by the tetramodules. Can be assembled.

Furthermore, when combining the tetramodules 1, the frames 3 that form the ridges of the regular tetrahedron are overlapped with each other, making them double, which increases the strength. becomes robust.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 14, 15, and 16, it is also possible to form a truss structure so as to incorporate a regular octahedral frame region C into which the complementary quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss frame regions B are united. be.

FIG. 33 is the same as the structure in FIG. 14, but a regular tetrahedral truss (shown in gray) having a ridge length twice that of the tetramodule 1 formed by four tetramodules 1 is formed. , forming a complementary regular octahedral framework region C therein.

A regular tetrahedral truss (shown in white) of the same size as the regular tetrahedral truss intersects at each other's midpoints to form a new dual tetrahedral truss. In this case, the four outer vertices of the dual tetrahedral trusses form the eight vertices of the cube truss structure. The cube-shaped truss structure consists of eight regular tetrahedral modules.

In the case where the right side of FIG. 15 includes the quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region B to form a regular octahedral frame region C inside, the left side is a square pyramidal truss frame region B facing outward with the quadrangular bottom face of the quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region B as an open face. This is the case where the face piece-shaped frame region C is not configured. The upper side is the state after assembly, and the lower side is the state after assembly.

The combination of the tetramodules 1 is relatively free, and an example of its development is shown in FIG. Then, one of them is turned over (the center of FIG. 18) and the frame 3 is joined so that the four vertexes of each other are aligned to form a planar truss structure with three-fold rotational symmetry (the right end of FIG. 18).

　As shown in Figs. 16 and 17, it is also possible to cover the meeting points of the joints 4 at the vertices of the tetramodule 1, which is the regular tetrahedral frame, by connecting them with a gusset plate 9.

The gusset plate 9 is a circular disc plate in the illustrated example, and the gusset plate 9 reinforces the joint between the unit modules between the joint members.

Also, since the gusset plate 9 is a disk plate, it is possible to reinforce the joints of the four unit modules with a single gusset plate.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 18, joints of the unit modules on the outer periphery are covered with a gusset plate 9' made of a disc plate bent at 90° and connected to reinforce the joints between the unit modules. In this way, the gusset plate 9' can reinforce the connection between the unit modules.

　Figures 34 and 35 show the growth morphology of the tetramodule 1 combination. FIG. 34 shows a tetrahedral truss structure four times the length of the ridgeline of the tetrahedral module (shown in gray) is formed from 24 tetrahedral modules.

A regular tetrahedral truss structure with four times the length of the ridgeline and a regular tetrahedral truss structure of the same size (shown in white) intersect at the midpoint of each other's ridgeline to form a dual regular tetrahedral truss. form a structure. In this case, the four outer vertices of the dual tetrahedral trusses form the eight vertices of the cube truss structure. Finally, a cube-shaped truss structure is formed from 64 regular tetrahedral modules.

In FIG. 35, the four vertices located outside the dual tetrahedral truss form the eight vertices of the cube-shaped truss structure. A cube-like truss structure consisting of all tetrahedral modules is formed from 216 tetrahedral modules.

In the modular frame structure of the present invention, when constructing a structure having a floor X, a wall Y, and a roof Z, the quadrangles on the base surface of the quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region B are arranged horizontally or vertically, and the construction surface should be formed.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the board-like body as a whole, in which a bonding surface a for mutually bonding the tetramodules 1 and a bonding surface b for mutually bonding the tetramodules 1 are formed horizontally. .

　Figures 4 and 5 show the state in which the board-shaped bodies are perpendicular to each other. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the connection between the floor X portion and the wall Y portion or the connection between the wall Y and the roof Z portion is the connection between the frames arranged horizontally or vertically and in the orthogonal direction. A space truss structure as a roof Z can be assembled at right angles, and a wall Y can be formed that rises (or falls) at right angles to the floor or roof Z.

In FIG. 4, c is an extension of the floor X at the junction surface of the tetramodules 1 for joining them horizontally. d is an extension of the wall Y, the joining surface of the tetramodules 1 for joining them together vertically. e is the joint surface of the tetramodules 1 for joining them together horizontally and is an extension of the roof Z;

Regarding the strength and deformation shape of the three-dimensional truss structure constructed in this way, we will explain the effect of the quadrangular pyramidal truss frame area B, which is a complementary quadrangular pyramidal truss with tetramodules.

The three-dimensional truss structure is lightweight and can form large spans, so it is often used for roof structures. Therefore, vertical loads such as snow load and wind load are dominant, and the design is examined based on strength design. Consider applying a three-dimensional truss structure that forms a large planar span to a structure that supports an extremely large vertical load over a long period of time. In this case, the impact of earthquakes must also be taken into consideration, and the strength and plastic deformation capacity of the space truss against horizontal loads are required.

If the space truss shown in Fig. 1 is viewed as a lattice structure, the space truss composed of complementary quadrangular pyramid-shaped regions by tetramodules has square lattices on the upper and lower surfaces, and diagonal members are connected to the lower chord members that constitute the lower surface. It can be regarded as a component structure that overlaps on the projection plane. In this case, the individual members forming the complementary quadrangular pyramid-shaped truss frame regions constitute three-dimensionally oriented members.

Therefore, even if the truss members that make up the three-dimensional truss structure buckle, stress redistribution can be expected, and toughness against seismic force can be expected. In addition, the truss structure, which constitutes the complementary quadrangular pyramidal truss frame area with tetra modules, is more economical than other three-dimensional truss member configurations because it is prefabricated with tetra modules, which has a minimum number of members and nodes. A space truss can be formed.

In the above embodiment, the tetramodule 1 is assembled into a regular tetrahedral structure by connecting the ends of the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 with the joint member 4, but the joint member 4 is omitted, The ends of the frame 3 may be directly connected to form an integral type.

FIG. 36 shows a first example of the integrated tetramodule 1. The ends of the frame 3 were fixed with a connecting plate 15 . This fixation is by welding or gluing.

Also, FIG. 38 shows a case where the ends of the frame 3 are directly welded or glued together as a second example of the integrated tetramodule 1 .

An assembly example of such an integrated tetramodule 1 is shown in FIGS. 37 is assembled with the integrated tetramodule 1 of FIG. 36, and FIG. 39 is assembled with the integrated tetramodule 1 of FIG.

Next, as a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, a case where the unit modules that become the unit frames of the space truss structure are octahedral-shaped frames will be described. A regular octahedron is a type of regular polyhedron, and is a three-dimensional solid whose space is surrounded by eight equilateral triangles. It is also a shape in which each vertex of a regular tetrahedron is cut down to the center of the side.

In the case of the octamodule 10 of the present invention, as in the case of the tetramodule 1, a regular octahedron is assumed to be precise, and the frame serving as the ridge line portion of the octahedron is formed of a frame 3 having an elongated joint surface 2, and these elongated joint surfaces are formed. 2 were connected by joint members 4 to assemble a regular octahedral structure.

All frames 3 have the same length. The octa-module consists of two quadrangular pyramid-shaped frames arranged vertically with a square frame in common, and three sets of square frames cross each other to form eight triangular lattices.

Although illustration is omitted, the joint member 4 has three joint pieces that are connected to the frame having an elongated joint surface and are spread out at an angle of 90° to each other in a plan view. It becomes connected.

The frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 serves as a shaft member of the regular octahedral frame, and a total of 12 joint members 4 are assembled. There are 12 faces, and 6 vertices have regular quadrangular planes, and these are added to the 8 regular triangular truss faces that are the side faces, making a total of 26 faces.

The joint member 4 may have any shape as long as it can be assembled into a regular octahedral frame by the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2. The pieces may be developed with an opening of 90° to each other in a plan view, and these joining piece portions 5 may be connected to each other by a top plate or a side plate.

The frame 3 having the slender joint surface 2 is shown in the figure as a rectangular slender flat plate that is a belt-shaped square bar. It can be of any shape, such as a semi-cylindrical shape, a triangular shape, a rectangular shape, or a hollow pipe shape.

As in the case of the tetramodule 1, the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 can be selected from flat plates, hollow pipes, H-shaped or other shaped steels, angle materials, and channel materials.

The material of the joint member 4 is the same, and can be selected from various materials depending on the application, such as metal such as steel and aluminum, wood, synthetic resin, and the like.

The elongated joint surface 2 of the frame 3 is a plane obtained by scraping off the side C (ridge line) of the regular octahedron, and the angle formed by the plane is not tilted in the width direction of the elongated joint surface 2 with respect to the center of the regular octahedron. It is a thing. Also, the width of the elongated joint surface 2 depends on the degree of scraping, but is not particularly limited (not shown). That is, the orientation of the elongated joint surface 2 of the frame 3 is determined so as to be perpendicular to the perpendicular connecting the center of the tetramodule 1 and the midpoints of the elongated joint surfaces.

The joint piece 5 of the joint member 4 and the rectangular elongate flat plate 2 are joined by overlapping or inserting, and fixed by fastening with bolts and nuts, welding, etc., and the joint piece 5 of the joint member 4 is the elongate joint surface. It is the same as the tetramodule 1 when joining on the inside of the frame 3 with 2, when joining on the outside, by inserting, etc.

Next, the formation of a three-dimensional truss structure using the octamodule 10 will be described. The octamodules 10 are joined together to form a three-dimensional truss structure. Similar to the tetramodules 1, this joining involves overlapping and joining frames 3 having elongated joint surfaces 2 at the elongated joint surfaces 2. As shown in FIG.

The octamodules 10 can be joined together by either fixing the frames 3 having the elongated joint surfaces 2 to each other or by joining the joint members 4 to each other without fixing the frames 3 having the elongated joint surfaces 2 to each other. Sometimes it does and sometimes it does both.

In addition, in order to stack frames 3 having elongated joint surfaces 2 and fix them together at this frame 3 portion, they can be joined by means such as fastening with bolts and nuts, welding, concavo-convex joining, and caulking with a band or the like. Although it is possible, unevenness may be formed on the elongated joint surface 2 and jointing may be performed by interlacing.

As described above, the octamodule 10 having two quadrangular pyramidal trusses inside with a quadrangular bottom surface in common, when assembled with three-fold rotational symmetry as shown in FIG. A complementary regular tetrahedral framework region D is formed in the .

FIG. 25 shows a case in which the combination of the octamodules 10 is further expanded to form a board. material. Formation of a complementary regular tetrahedron frame region D inside the space truss structure is the same as in FIG. 24 .

The strength and deformation shape of the space truss structure having the complementary regular tetrahedron frame region formed only by octamodules in this way is as described above.

As a third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 26, the octamodule 10 is formed by connecting two tetramodules to each other and adding a frame 3a having a length of √2 of the frame 3. bottom.

By interconnecting the octamodules 10 as shown in FIG. 27, a complementary tetrahedral frame region D formed by a frame 3a having a length of √2 can be formed.

Although not shown, the octamodule 10 may also be configured as an integrated module without using joint members, like the integrated tetramodule 1 shown in FIGS.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Tetra module 2... Elongated

joint surface

3, 3a... Frame 4... Joint member 5... Joint piece part 6... Side plate 7... Ceiling part 8... Concave and convex portion 9, 9'... Gusset plate 10... Octa module 11... Angle member 13... H-shaped steel 14 Channel material 39

Aluminum sheet

40, 41, 42 Flange A Square frame B Quadrangular pyramid truss frame region C Octahedral frame region D Tetrahedral frame region X Floor Y Wall Z... Roof a, b, c, d, e... Part of square frame

Claims

It is a modular frame structure that builds unit modules that become the unit frames of the space truss structure, and joins the unit modules to construct the space truss structure.
A unit module is formed by forming a ridge of a regular tetrahedron or a regular octahedron with a frame having elongated joint surfaces, and connecting the ends of the frames having these elongate joint surfaces so that the elongate joint surfaces of the frame form a regular tetrahedron or octahedron. A tetramodule, which is a regular tetrahedral structure in which the direction of the elongated joint surface is determined so as to be perpendicular to the perpendicular line connecting the center of the module and the midpoints of the elongated joint surfaces as a surface obtained by planarly scraping off the ridgeline of the facepiece; Or assemble it into an octamodule, which is a regular octahedral frame,
A modular frame structure characterized by forming a three-dimensional truss structure by joining tetra-modules or octa-modules, which are unit modules, to each other by joining frames having elongated joint surfaces to each other.
The modular frame structure according to claim 1, wherein the space truss structure is an octet truss structure consisting of a regular tetrahedral frame region and a regular octahedral frame region, one of which is a complementary spatial region.
A space truss structure assembled with tetramodules has a complementary quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region inside the space truss structure as a result of joining frames having elongated joint surfaces between tetramodules by joining the elongated joint surfaces to each other. 2. The modular frame structure of claim 1, comprising:
A space truss structure assembled with octamodules has a complementary regular tetrahedral frame region inside the space truss structure as a result of joining frames having elongated joint surfaces between octamodules by joining the elongated joint surfaces to each other. 2. The modular frame structure of claim 1, comprising:
An octamodule has a length of √2 by connecting two tetramodules together, adding a frame with a length of √2 parallel to each other, and connecting the octamodules together. 5. A modular frame structure according to claim 4 comprising complementary tetrahedral frame regions formed by the frame.
The modular frame structure according to claim 1, wherein the unit modules are connected to each other by mutual fixation of frames having elongated joint surfaces.
The modular framework structure according to claim 1, wherein the unit modules are connected to each other by fixing joint members to each other.
　The modular framework structure according to claim 1, wherein the unit modules are connected together by both fixing frames having elongated joint surfaces to each other and joint members to each other.
9. The modular frame structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the unit modules are connected to each other by forming irregularities on the elongated joining surfaces and joining by interlocking due to the irregularities.
The modular frame structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein joints of the unit modules are covered and connected with gusset plates to reinforce the joints between the unit modules.
A modular frame structure according to claim 10, wherein the gusset plates are disk plates.
The modular frame structure according to claim 11, wherein joints of the unit modules on the outer periphery are covered and connected by a disc plate bent at 90 degrees to reinforce the joints between the unit modules.
Assuming a regular tetrahedron, the frame that forms the ridge line of the regular tetrahedron is formed by members having elongated joint surfaces. The elongated joint surface is a surface obtained by shaving off the ridgeline of a regular tetrahedron or a regular octahedron, and the orientation of the elongated joint surface is determined so as to be orthogonal to the perpendicular line connecting the center of the module and each midpoint of the elongated joint surface. A unit module used in a modular frame structure characterized by being assembled into a tetramodule, which is a regular tetrahedral frame.
Assuming a regular octahedron, the frame that forms the ridge line of the regular octahedron is formed by members having elongated joint surfaces. The joint surface is a regular octahedron obtained by shaving the ridgeline of a regular tetrahedron or a regular octahedron, and the orientation of the elongate joint surface is determined so as to be orthogonal to the perpendicular line connecting the center of the module and each midpoint of the elongate joint surface. A unit module used in a modular frame structure characterized by being assembled into an octamodule, which is a frame structure.
Assuming a regular tetrahedron, the frame that forms the ridge line of the regular tetrahedron is formed from members having elongated joint surfaces, and these members having elongate joint surfaces have the same length, and are assembled by connecting their ends. A module characterized by connecting two tetramodules, which are regular tetrahedral frames, and assembling them into octahedral frames, which are octahedral frames, by adding frames having a length of √2 parallel to each other. A unit module used for the formula frame structure.
A unit module used in a modular frame structure according to claims 13 to 15, wherein the frame ends having the elongated joint surfaces are connected by joint members.
17. A unit used in a modular framework structure according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the frame having the elongated joint surfaces is selected from flat plates, hollow pipes, H-shaped or other shaped steels, angle members, or channel members. module.
The joint member has three joint pieces that are connected to the frame and have an elongated joint surface and are spread out at an angle of 120° or 90° in a plan view, and these joint pieces are connected to each other by a top plate or a side plate. A unit module used in the modular frame structure according to claim 16 or 17.