JP2024003965A - Agricultural greenhouse, tetra modules used for greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an agricultural greenhouse in which members can be procured on factory production by using tetra modules, members other than modules are not used as connecting members and can be constructed only by combination of modules, prefabrication is improved, construction can be performed simply and quickly, the entire greenhouse has enough strength because walls and a roof are in a thick three-dimensional truss structure, and a stable building can be formed.

SOLUTION: Walls 10 and a roof 11 are formed by combining tetra modules 1' in which ridge parts of a tetrahedron are formed by frames having a slender bonding face to form a three-dimensional truss structure.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

COPYRIGHT: (C)2024,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to an agricultural greenhouse such as a vinyl greenhouse and a tetra module used therein.

There are two types of agricultural greenhouses: glass houses and plastic houses, and glass houses use glass plates as a covering material.

On the other hand, a plastic house refers to a house that uses polyolene film (Noh PO, Noh Poly) as a covering material. In the past, greenhouses were called vinyl houses because agricultural polyvinyl chloride film (agricultural vinyl chloride film) was the mainstream covering material, but even now that agricultural polyamides have become mainstream, greenhouses other than glass houses are collectively called vinyl houses. There are various covering materials other than those mentioned above, such as hard films such as fluorine-based films, FRP boards, and FRA boards.

Many plastic houses are called pipe houses because they use U-shaped pipes as supports. On the other hand, when building large-scale houses, they require strong structures such as concrete foundations and iron pillars. The house is sometimes called a steel frame house. The covering material for steel-framed houses may be glass or fluorine film.

A house in which the houses are connected consecutively is called a connected house, and a house with only one house is called a single house.

In addition, large-scale greenhouses include ``double roof'', ``single roof'', ``three quarter'' (a house with a large roof area on the south side and excellent lighting in winter), and ``Venlo'' (a house with multiple roofs with thin aggregate and good sunlight). Agricultural greenhouses of a type not previously seen in Japan, such as the Dutch type (which has good characteristics), are also increasing in number.

The following patent document proposes a double-roof type vinyl house that can reduce construction costs and provide sufficient strength and greenhouse effect.
Utility model registration No. 3211045

Patent Document 1 discloses that, as shown in FIG. 19, a double-roof type vinyl house main body 101 is a double-roof type truss structure assembled using construction timber as the main material, and includes predetermined leg members 102, A double roof type vinyl house main body is provided with a roof member, a connecting member, a reinforcing member 104, a vinyl sheet material, and a heat insulating sheet material, and the leg members, roof member, connecting member, and reinforcing member are combined. The entire roof surface is covered with a hollow polycarbonate plate to cover it, the entire side surface is covered with vinyl sheet material, an entrance/exit 108 and a ventilation hole 109 are provided, and the ceiling and walls of the room are covered with heat insulating sheet material. These were formed into one by going around.

Patent Document 1 is based on a double-roof type truss structure assembled using through-beams as the main material. Generally, a truss structure is a structural type in which members are connected in a triangular shape, and both ends of the members are connected with pins. Since it is triangular, only axial force is generated even if external force is applied.

For example, when a force is applied to a quadrilateral, the quadrilateral will bend due to the force, but on the other hand, a triangle will not "bend" but will undergo deformation such as "shrinking" or "stretching" in response to the force. A bending moment acts on a member that undergoes the deformation of ``bending'', but only axial force acts on the deformation of ``shrinking or elongating''.

Even if the members are of the same size, the latter is overwhelmingly more advantageous when it comes to a member to which a bending moment acts and a member to which only axial force acts. In other words, an efficient cross section can be selected for a member on which only axial force is applied.

In this way, the advantage of the truss structure is that only axial force acts between the members.
Therefore, it is possible to construct a structure using thin members, and it is possible to create a building using thin and light members, which is also attractive from a design point of view.

On the other hand, a disadvantage of truss structures is that construction is cumbersome. A truss structure requires members such as an upper chord member, a lower chord member, a bundle member, and a diagonal member, and where the members intersect, the joints tend to become complicated.

Purpose of the present invention To overcome the disadvantages of the conventional example, by using tetra modules, parts can be procured in factory production, and to be constructed by combining only modules without using parts other than modules as connecting members. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an agricultural house and a tetra module used therein, which can be easily and quickly constructed by improving prefabrication.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an agricultural house having, firstly, a three-dimensional truss structure in which the walls and the roof are formed by combining tetramodules in which the ridgeline portion of a tetrahedron is formed by a frame having an elongated joint surface. Second, the roof is either a double roof or a single roof with a slope, and the three-dimensional truss structure of the roof and the three-dimensional truss structure of the wall are integrally connected by the combination of tetra modules. Third, the floor is also , the ridgeline part of the tetrahedron is a three-dimensional truss structure formed by joining tetra modules formed by frames with elongated joint surfaces, and the three-dimensional truss structure of the floor and the three-dimensional truss structure of the wall are integrally connected by the joining of tetra modules. The gist of this is that

As a tetra module used in an agricultural greenhouse, firstly, the ridgeline portion of the tetrahedron is formed by a frame having elongated joint surfaces, and the ends of the frame having these elongated joint surfaces are formed into frame ends having elongated joint surfaces. It is a tetrahedral frame formed by connecting the frames, and it is possible to imagine a hexahedral block by the faces inscribed in the frame.Secondly, one set of faces where the hexahedral blocks face each other is a parallelogram, and the remaining two sets are parallelograms. is a rectangle, and four of the six frames that make up the tetrahedron are the same length as the frames that form a regular tetrahedron, the other one is shorter, and the remaining One of the frames must be a modified tetrahedron that is not a regular tetrahedron, or the hexahedral block must be a cubic block. Thirdly, a covering material such as a fluorine-based film should be used to cover the opening. The gist is what has been posted.

According to the present invention, the walls and roof have a three-dimensional truss structure formed by combining tetra modules, and the walls and roof are thick and strong enough to stand on their own without using columns or through members. It becomes an agricultural house.

Furthermore, the walls and roof can have a three-dimensional truss structure, and a coating material such as a fluorine film can be attached to the outer or inner surface of the structure so as to cover the openings.

In particular, when covering materials are attached to both the inside and outside surfaces, an air insulation layer can be secured by the truss structure between them.

In addition, the walls and roof, which have a three-dimensional truss structure, can be used as installation space for piping, wiring, etc., and equipment such as lighting, sprinklers, and blowers can be easily installed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the roof is a double roof or a single roof with a slope, the roof surface becomes a slope surface, and the solar cell, which is a power device that processes rainwater and snow and converts light energy into electricity, can be used. It is suitable for installing solar panels made by connecting a large number of solar panels together to form a large panel.

Additionally, the roof and walls can be integrally connected using a single type of tetra module without the need for beams, making it possible to construct a structurally strong and stable house.

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 3, by providing a floor and attaching floorboards to the floor, it can be used as a living space.Furthermore, the floor serves as a grounding foundation, so even in soft ground there is no need to drive piles. It is now possible to install a house with both. In addition, the floor and walls are integrally connected, making it possible to construct a structurally strong, stable and livable agricultural house.

According to the present invention, since the tetrahedral ridgeline portion is formed of a frame having an elongated joint surface so that the tetrahedral module forms a truss structure, the tetrahedral modules can be combined by joining the elongated joint surfaces of the frames. can.

Furthermore, when the tetramodules are assembled, the frames that form the ridgeline portions of the tetrahedron overlap each other, creating a double layer, which increases strength, and serves as the diagonal member of the truss structure, making the truss structure itself robust.

Furthermore, it becomes possible to construct a truss structure by combining only modules without using connecting members other than modules, and assembly can be performed simply and quickly with fewer man-hours, improving prefabrication.

In the case of floors, when assembling modules, the frames that form the ridge lines of the regular tetrahedron overlap each other, making them double, increasing their strength. The truss structure itself becomes robust as the diagonal member of the plate-like three-dimensional truss structure.

On the other hand, the component called the Tetra module is a block with a truss structure created by docking the technical idea of building blocks like Lego (registered trademark) blocks with the structural technology of truss structure, which feels like stacking building blocks. By combining tetra modules, it is possible to develop a three-dimensional truss structure.

As described above, by using the tetra module, the agricultural house of the present invention can be constructed as a strong, large-sized agricultural house, and can utilize the internal space of the roof and walls. It is possible to procure parts during factory production, and it is possible to build by combining only modules without using parts other than modules as connecting members, improving prefabrication and making construction easier and faster. It is something.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a perspective view which shows 1st Embodiment of the agricultural house of this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a front view which shows 1st Embodiment of the agricultural house of this invention. 1 is a plan view showing a first embodiment of an agricultural house of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a side view which shows 1st Embodiment of the agricultural house of this invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the agricultural house of the present invention in which walls are provided on the front and back sides. It is a perspective view showing a 2nd embodiment of the agricultural house of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the connection of main parts of the agricultural house of the present invention. It is a perspective view showing connection of a roof, a wall, and a floor of an agricultural house of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a tetra module used in the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing two types of combinations of tetra modules used in the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a first example of a tetra module used in the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing a first example of a tetra module used in the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention. It is a perspective view from another angle showing the first example of the tetra module used for the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 2nd example of the tetra module used for the agricultural greenhouse of this invention. It is a front view of the wall or roof of the agricultural house of this invention. It is a perspective view of the floor part of the agricultural house of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the tetra module used in the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention with a covering material attached. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention provided with a covering material. It is a front view showing a conventional example.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the architectural structure of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the same, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the same. An agricultural house 13 consists of walls 10 and a roof 11. The roof 11 has a disk-like three-dimensional truss structure formed by combining tetramodules 1' (see FIGS. 9, 10, and 11) in which the ridgeline portion of a tetrahedron is formed by a frame 3 having an elongated joint surface 2.

The roof 11 is a double roof or a single roof having an inclination (see FIG. 8), and the three-dimensional truss structure of the roof 11 and the three-dimensional truss structure of the wall 10 are integrally connected by connecting only the tetra modules 1'.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a floor 12 may be provided in addition to the walls 10 and the roof 11. When the floor 12 is provided, the ridgeline portion of the tetrahedron is also connected to the elongated joint surface 6. A disk-shaped three-dimensional truss structure is formed by combining tetra modules 1 formed from a frame 3 having a structure.

The three-dimensional truss structure of the floor 12 and the three-dimensional truss structure of the wall 10 are also integrally connected by the combination of the tetra modules 1 and 1'.

First, the tetra modules 1 and 1' will be explained. The tetra module 1 is a regular tetrahedral module, and the tetra module 1' is a modified tetrahedral module.

The tetra module 1 forming the floor 12 is assumed to be a regular tetrahedron as shown in FIG. The ends of the frame 3 having the surfaces 2 were connected by a joint member 4 to assemble a regular tetrahedral frame. The regular triangle of the regular tetrahedron becomes the aperture surface. Note that all frames 3 have the same length.

The frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 serves as a shaft member of a regular tetrahedral frame, and a total of six frames 3 are assembled together with joint members 4. The above-mentioned "shape" of the regular tetrahedral frame means that the tetra module 1 has a total of six elongated joint surfaces 2, and there are equilateral triangular planes 7, which are the ceilings of the joint members 4, at the four vertices, Although it has a total of 14 hexahedrons, it is due to its approximately tetrahedral shape.

The frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 is shown as a rectangular elongated flat plate which is a band-shaped square member, but if the surface facing outside is the elongated joint surface 2 when assembled as a regular tetrahedral frame, the cross section of the frame 3 can be used as a shaft member. The shape does not matter, such as a fish cake shape, a triangle or other square shape, or a hollow pipe shape. The frame 3 can have various cross-sectional shapes as long as it has an elongated joint surface 2, and can be selected from flat plates, hollow tubes, H-shaped and other steel shapes, angle materials, and channel materials. It is.
Such selection of the frame 3 is also applied to the tetra module 1', which will be described later.

Further, the material of the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 can be selected from various materials depending on the intended use of the completed three-dimensional truss structure, and includes metals such as steel and aluminum, wood, and synthetic resin. In the case of wood, construction costs can be expected to be reduced by using thinned wood.

The material of the joint member 4 is similar, and can be selected from various materials depending on the purpose, such as metals such as steel and aluminum, wood, and synthetic resin.

The joint member 4 for assembling the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 is not particularly limited in shape as long as it can be assembled into a regular tetrahedral frame with the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2, but it has the elongated joint surface 2. It is preferable that the frame 3 has joint pieces 5 connected to the frame 3, and these joint pieces 5 are connected to each other by a top plate 7 or a side plate 6. In the illustrated example, they are interconnected by side plates 6. The side plate 6 may not have this.

Regarding the coupling between the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2 and the joint member 4, although not shown in the drawings, at the joint portion of the joint piece portion 5 of the joint member 4 and the rectangular elongated flat plate 2, both are overlapped and then fixed. In addition, a slit is formed in the frame 3 having the elongated joint surface 2, and the joint piece 5 is inserted into the slit and sandwiched.Both the joint piece 5 and the frame 3 are fixed by fastening with bolts and nuts. By welding etc.

The tetra modules 1 and 1' of the present invention are blocks with a truss structure created by docking the technical idea of Lego (registered trademark) block-like building blocks with the structural technology of truss structure, and the frame 3 is A hexahedral block can be imagined by the contacting surfaces.

As shown in FIG. 8, the tetrahedral tetrahedral module 1 becomes a cubic hexahedral block (H) in which all the faces are square faces R, when a hexahedral block is imagined by the faces inscribed with the frame 3.

On the other hand, the tetra module 1' forming the walls 10 and the roof 11 is made by flattening the cubic hexahedral block (H), and forming one set (X, is a parallelogram (diamond), and the remaining pairs (Y, Y, Z, Z) are rectangles (squares). A parallelogram (diamond) has angles of 120° and 60°, for example.

In the tetra module 1', out of 3 sets of 6 frames facing each other, 2 sets of 4 frames 3(a) have the same length as the frames 3 in the case of forming a regular tetrahedron (FIG. 14), and the remaining 1 set of 4 frames 3(a) facing each other Of the two frames in the set, one frame 3(c) is shorter than that, and the remaining frame 3(b) is longer than that, which is a modified tetrahedron that is not a regular tetrahedron.

As an example, when comparing the tetrahedral tetrahedral tetrahedral tetramodule 1', the frame 3(a) is 1.0, which is the same length as the frame 3 of the tetrahedral, and the frame 3(b) is 1.23. , frame 3(c) is 0.71, but is not particularly limited to this.

The tetramodule 1', which is a modified tetrahedron, has a long frame 3(b) inscribed in a parallelogram (rhombus) It is inscribed in a quadrilateral (diamond) X so as to span between the corners of an angle of 120°. As a result, the frame 3(a) constitutes an inclined surface, and by continuing this, an inclined roof 11 having the upper floor surface and the lower floor surface as inclined surfaces can be formed.

Furthermore, the wall 10 can be formed by combining the tetra modules 1' and stacking them horizontally and vertically.

In addition, in order to join and fix the tetra modules 1 to each other, there are two cases in which the frames 3 having the elongated joint surfaces 2 are fixed to each other at the frame 3 parts, and two cases in which the frames 3 having the elongated joint surfaces 2 are fixed to each other by the parts of the frames 3. There are cases in which the joint members 4 are connected to each other without being fixed, and cases in which both are employed.

In addition, in order to overlap the frames 3 having the elongated joint surfaces 2 and fix them using the parts of the frames 3, they can be joined by means such as fastening with bolts and nuts, welding, concave-convex joining, crimping with a band, etc. Is possible.

The walls 10, roof 11 and floor 12 of the agricultural house 13 are assembled as a board-shaped three-dimensional truss structure using the tetra modules 1 and 1'.

FIG. 15 shows an example of a wall 10 or roof 11 as a three-dimensional truss structure assembled with tetra modules 1', and FIG. 16 shows an example of a floor 12. As a result of joining the frames 3 by joining the elongated joint surfaces 2 to each other, a complementary (interpolative) quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region B is constructed inside the space truss structure.

This complementary (interpolative) quadrangular pyramidal truss B as a complementary (interpolative) quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region does not directly form a quadrangular pyramidal truss with members, but as a result of assembling the tetramodule 1. This means that it is automatically generated between modules 1, and when two tetrahedral unit modules 1, which are tetrahedral frames, are joined with their elongated joint surfaces 2 at the frame 3, which is the ridgeline part, this elongated joint is created. The frames 3 whose surfaces 2 overlap serve as diagonal members, while the other frames 3 are arranged horizontally or vertically and orthogonally with the elongated joint surfaces 2 facing outward. When these are combined, a square frame is formed on the bottom surface of the complementary quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region B.

Incidentally, the volume of the complementary quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region B is the same as the volume of the two tetra modules 1 combined.

When the tetra modules 1 connected in this way are assembled front to back, left and right, a complementary quadrangular pyramidal truss frame area B can be formed between the side surfaces of the unit modules, and a stable truss structure can be created using only the tetra modules. Can be assembled.

Furthermore, in order to combine the tetramodules 1, the frames 3, which are the ridgeline parts of the tetrahedrons, overlap each other and become double, increasing strength, and if these are diagonal members, the diagonal members of the three-dimensional truss structure will be strong. Become something.

The formation of the quadrangular pyramidal truss frame region B is the same for the roof 11.

In FIG. 6, when the horizontal plate-like three-dimensional truss structure constitutes the floor 12 and the vertical plate-like three-dimensional truss structure constitutes the wall 10, the end face of the horizontal plate-like three-dimensional truss structure is The frames 3 of the Tetra module 1 are vertical flat surfaces arranged in a V-shape, and the surfaces of the vertical plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure are also vertical flat surfaces, and the connection between these flat surfaces forms the horizontal plate-shaped three-dimensional truss. The connection between the structure and the vertical plate-like space truss structure can be made at right angles.

Further, the vertical plate-like three-dimensional truss structures forming the wall 10 can also be connected at right angles. (See Figure 5)

The roof 11 has a slope, but the tetra module 1' is a modified tetrahedron as described above. When viewed as a hexahedral block, the tetra module 1' has a rhombic side surface X and a square inclined upper and lower surface Y. , a frame 3(a), a frame 3(b), and a frame 3(c) are diagonally inscribed in each face of a hexahedron of the vertical front and rear surfaces Z of a square, and a wall formed by stacking these tetra modules 1' The upper end surface of the 10 plate-like three-dimensional truss structure is also an inclined surface, and the inclined roof 11 can be joined.

If the Tetra modules 1 and 1' are prepared as prefabricated products, the walls 10, roof 11, and floor 12 can be assembled just by combining them, without the need to install large-scale scaffolding. The agricultural house 13 can also be constructed by pasting covering material 14 on the walls 10 and roof 11 of the agricultural house 13.

As shown in FIG. 17, if the tetra module 1' has a covering material 14 such as a fluorine-based film pasted to cover the opening, the tetra module 1' can be assembled with the covering material 14 attached. The constructed walls 10 and roof 11 are covered with a covering material 14 as shown in FIG.

1, 1'...Tetra module 2...Elongated joint surface 3...Frame 4...Joint member 5...Joint piece portion 6...Side plate 7...Top plate 10...Wall 11...Roof 12...Floor 13...Agricultural house 14...Coating material

Claims (7)

1. An agricultural house characterized in that the walls and roof have a three-dimensional truss structure formed by joining tetramodules in which the ridgeline portion of a tetrahedron is formed by a frame having an elongated joint surface. 2. The agricultural house according to claim 1, wherein the roof is a double-sided roof or a single roof with an inclination, and the three-dimensional truss structure of the roof and the three-dimensional truss structure of the walls are integrally connected by a combination of tetra modules. The floor also has a three-dimensional truss structure formed by combining tetra modules in which the ridgeline part of the tetrahedron is formed by a frame with an elongated joint surface, and the three-dimensional truss structure of the floor and the three-dimensional truss structure of the wall are integrated by combining the tetra modules. The agricultural house according to claim 1 or claim 2, which is connected. It is a tetrahedral structure in which the ridgeline part of a tetrahedron is formed by a frame having elongated joint surfaces, and the ends of these frames having elongated joint surfaces are connected, and a hexahedral block can be imagined by the surface inscribed with the frame. Tetra module used for agricultural greenhouses featuring One pair of faces on which the hexahedral blocks face each other is a parallelogram, and the other two are rectangles. Four of the six frames that make up the tetra module form a regular tetrahedron. Used in an agricultural house according to claim 4, wherein the length is the same as that of the frame, one other frame is shorter, and the remaining frame is a modified tetrahedron that is longer than the regular tetrahedron. Tetra module. 5. The tetra module for use in an agricultural greenhouse according to claim 4, wherein the hexahedral blocks are cubic blocks. 5. The tetra module for use in an agricultural greenhouse according to claim 4, wherein a coating material such as a fluorine-based film is pasted to cover the opening.

Images