JP3256195B2 - Connection structure of space truss structure and space truss structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a joint structure used as a node of a plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure using a shape member as a chord constituting a roof or a floor wall of a building, and the plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure. It is about the body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structures are:
In the past, angle irons and channel steels were used, and the nodes of the truss members were joined by rivets or the like using gusset plates mainly made of flat materials. In a three-dimensional truss, since many members gather at the nodes of the truss, the joining type itself using gusset plates has a complicated shape, and the truss type itself has restrictions on design, and manufacturing and construction are also limited. Since many labors such as an assembly order and accuracy control were required, the system has been declining.

However, in the plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure, especially in the case of a large span structure, the distribution of stress to each structural member is efficient from the viewpoint of the mechanical principle, and the rhythmical truss structure is designed in an indoor space. Social demand for plate-shaped space trusses is high in order to provide attractiveness.

[0004] Therefore, instead of a three-dimensional truss using a shaped steel, a steel tube was used as a member, and a globe (spherical) metal member capable of three-dimensionally connecting each member to each truss node was used. At the end of the member, various inventions have been invented, such as special bolts for joining with the hardware, and special techniques for tightening (see FIG. 12).

FIG. 12A is a side view of a part of a plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure.
Ends of the lower chord material 51 and the lattice material 52 are three-dimensionally joined to the glove metal parts 53 at the nodes. FIG. 12 (b) shows an example of a member joining system at a node, in which a cone 55 is fixed to an end of a steel pipe 54 by welding, and a joining bolt 56 attached to the cone 55 is rotated by a pin 57. It is screwed into the female screw hole of the glove hardware 53, and a sleeve-like collar 58 is interposed between the cone 55 and the glove hardware 53.

[0006] On the other hand, there are already many embodiments of the construction type of the space truss itself. One is a so-called 2-way (two-way) plate-shaped space truss capable of transmitting stress in two directions orthogonal to each other when the plate-shaped truss structure is viewed in a plan view, and a typical example is shown in FIG. In FIG. 13 (a), upper chords 1 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, cross upper chords 3 orthogonal to the upper chords 1 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and lower chords 2 are arranged adjacent to each other. The four intersecting points (nodes) a and the lower chord material of the square mesh formed by the upper chord material, which are disposed below the middle and the cross lower chord material 4 is disposed below the middle of the adjacent cross upper chord materials 3 and 3 and are constituted by the upper chord material. Are connected by a lattice material 5. The four lattice members 5 constitute an inverted quadrangular pyramid having a square mesh as a bottom surface.

[0007] Another type is a 1-way (one-way) plate-shaped space truss, which is formed in a plate shape but transmits stress in one direction. A typical example is shown in FIG. 13 (b). This one-way plate-shaped truss has a structure in which the above-mentioned two-way plate-shaped space truss does not have a crossed lower chord member 4, and a truss beam having a V-shaped cross section in a side view is joined by a right-angled crossed upper chord member 3 and joined. In this configuration, the points are matched with the lattice nodes to balance the forces at the nodes.

FIG. 14 (a) shows a truss beam having a V-shaped cross-section as viewed from the side, and the truss beams are connected to each other by a crossing upper chord member 3 and a horizontal bracing member 7, and the joining point is determined. This is a triangular cross section three-dimensional truss whose power is balanced by matching it to the lattice node. FIG. 14 (b) is a folded three-dimensional truss obtained by inverting the three-dimensional truss of FIG. 14 (a).
In this case, since the truss beams are folded, the crossed upper chord members 3 in the truss beams are unnecessary, and the truss beams having the inverted V-shaped cross section in side view are connected to each other by the cross horizontal members 6 and the horizontal bracing members 7. This type is adopted for the roof structure, and the truss beam part of the inverted V-shaped section is used for ceiling lighting or ventilation. FIG. 14 (a)
Is used when finishing a floor or a roof surface flat, and the cross upper chord material 3 can also serve as its mounting material.

[0009] The configuration of the folded three-dimensional truss shown in FIG.
FIGS. 1, 4, and 5 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-24107.
It is disclosed in the figures, and the connection with the pillar is shown in detail in FIGS.

The configuration of the three-dimensional space truss shown in FIG. 14A is disclosed in FIGS. 3 and 4 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-122306. However, they are different in the way of assembling the horizontal members of the upper chord plane. In Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-122306, horizontal skew members are continuously arranged in a zigzag shape in plan view on the upper chord plane of the truss beam, and Horizontal brace members are provided between the beams in a zigzag shape in plan view. FIGS. 5 to 7 disclose an assembled metal fitting for joining an upper chord material and a beam material orthogonal thereto. Although the specification states that the assembly is made of an angle material, a bending member, a gusset plate, or the like, the specific shape is not clearly described. As for the upper chord, two angle irons are made to have an X-shaped cross section.
It also mentions the degree of freedom in assembling the members.

[0011]

The prior art using a conventional steel pipe as a truss member has the following problems (see FIG. 12).

(1) The continuity of the upper chord material and the lower chord material as members can be obtained by connecting with chord materials cut for each joint via joint hardware (gloves, collars, cones, joint bolts, etc.). Therefore, there are severe restrictions on the accuracy control of the metal joint and the dimensional accuracy in the length direction of the steel pipe member.

(2) Since the upper chord material and the lower chord material are separated by glove hardware at each truss node, a visually discontinuous and complicated impression is given. (3) In order to attach the finishing material, it is necessary to separately provide a base member in addition to the chord material.

(4) Material and manufacturing costs are required for parts of the glove hardware, which is a major factor in increasing the cost of the entire structure. Next, in the case of a conventional joining system in a space truss using a shaped steel as a truss member, there are the following problems.

(1) Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-24107 is directed to a method of joining a support end of a folded three-dimensional truss,
As shown in FIG. 15, the main member 60 is assembled in an X-shaped cross section, and gusset plates 61, 62, and 63 are used. When the joining method of the general portion is analogized from this portion, a flat gusset plate is mainly used. And has not been standardized. It is determined that this was handled on a case-by-case basis.

(2) In the three-dimensional truss having a triangular cross section disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 7-122306, as shown in FIG. 16, the upper chord 70 and the lower chord 71 have an X-shaped cross section using equilateral angle steel, and the joint metal 72 is formed. A typical joining system is used. The metal joint 72 is provided on a plate 72b on the upper surface of the plate 72a.
The angle member 72c is fixed to the back surface by welding, the angle member 72c is bolted to the upper chord member 70, and the beam member 73 (orthogonal upper chord member) is bolted to the plate 72b. I have. However, such a joint hardware 72
In this case, the bolt 74 for joining the upper chord member 70 and the angle member 72c must be arranged away from the node. It is desirable that the bolt joining position is mechanically close to the intersection of the member barycentric lines of the chord members 70 and 71 and the lattice member 75, and there is a problem in transmitting the force. There are also disadvantages such as a complicated structure.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a truss constituent member which is visually superior by using a shape member and joining it with a simple joint metal. Truss truss can be manufactured inexpensively, and by simplifying and standardizing the metal fittings of the truss components, the metal fittings can be mass-produced and the assembly work can be performed easily. It is an object of the present invention to provide a joint structure of a space truss structure and a space truss structure capable of obtaining an excellent joint portion.

[0018]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional truss structure in which a pair of right and left two angled members are combined with their corners opposed to each other to have a substantially X-shaped upper chord. 1 (f), 2 (f), 3 (d), 4 (e), 9 and 11, as shown in FIG. 1 (f), FIG. 2 (f), FIG. 4 (e), FIG. A hat-shaped joining hardware B having horizontal mounting plate parts integrally protruding on both sides of the chevron section,
V ′ formed by two chevron members in the cross-sectional chevron portion of B ′
The two angle members are joined by fitting into the groove, and connecting members (cross upper chord material, cross lower chord material, cross horizontal material, horizontal bracing material, etc.) are attached to the horizontal mounting plate portion. This is the joint structure of the space truss structure that is the feature. In addition, in this claim 1, the hat-shaped joining hardware is shown in FIG.
FIG. 7B shows the metal joints B and B ′, and does not include the metal joint B ″ shown in FIG. 7C.

The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), an upper chord material arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, a lower chord material arranged below and in parallel with the upper chord material in the middle of adjacent upper chord materials, and A crossed upper chord material that is arranged to intersect to form a square mesh, and a lattice material that forms an inverted quadrangular pyramid that connects the four intersections of the square mesh and one point of the lower chord material and that has a square mesh as a bottom surface. In the one-way plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure provided, as shown in FIG. 1 (f), the upper chord material and the lower chord material have a substantially X-shaped cross section in which a pair of left and right angle-shaped members are combined with their corners facing each other. It is composed of a cross-shaped combination material, and at the joint position of the upper chord material,
The two angled members are joined by fitting and attaching the angled cross section of the hat-shaped joint hardware B having the horizontal mounting plate portions integrally projecting to both sides into a V-shaped groove formed by two angled materials. Attaching the cross upper chord to the horizontal mounting plate,
As shown in FIG. 1 (g), a one-way plate shape is characterized in that a metal fitting C having a chevron cross section is fitted and attached to a V-shaped groove formed by two chevron members at the nodal position of the lower chord material. It is a space truss structure.

The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), an upper chord material arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, a lower chord material arranged below and in parallel with the upper chord material in the middle of adjacent upper chord materials, and An intersecting upper chord material arranged to intersect to form a square mesh, an intersecting lower chord material arranged below and in parallel with the intersecting upper chord material in the middle of adjacent intersecting upper chord materials, and four intersections of the square meshes And lower chord material
As shown in FIG. 2 (f), in a two-way plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure provided with a lattice material forming an inverted quadrangular pyramid having a square mesh as a bottom face and connecting to one intersection of the crossed lower chord material, as shown in FIG. And the lower chord material is composed of a combination material having a substantially X-shaped cross section obtained by combining a pair of right and left two chevron members with their corners facing each other, and at the joint positions of the upper chord material and the lower chord material, on both sides of the chevron section. The two angled members are joined by fitting and attaching the cross-sectional angled portion of the hat-shaped joint hardware B, from which the horizontal mounting plate portion integrally projects, to a V-shaped groove formed by two angled members. A two-way plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure characterized by attaching a crossed upper chord material and a crossed lower chord material (see FIG. 11) to a horizontal mounting plate portion.

The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), an upper chord material arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and a lower chord material arranged in parallel with the upper chord below the middle of every other adjacent upper chord, A crossed upper chord material arranged to cross the upper chord material to form a quadrilateral mesh, and a quadrilateral mesh connecting the four intersections of the quadrangle grids of the adjacent upper chord material with the lower chord material below and one point of the lower chord material A triangular cross-section three-dimensional truss structure with a lattice material that forms an inverted quadrangular pyramid with the eyes at the bottom and a horizontal bracing material that connects diagonally the intersections of the square meshes of adjacent upper chords without lower chords As shown in FIG. 3 (c), the upper chord material and the lower chord material have a cross section substantially X which is a combination of a pair of left and right angled members with their corners facing each other.
As shown in Fig. 3 (d),
Hat-shaped joint hardware B ′ in which horizontal mounting plate parts integrally protrude on both sides of the chevron section at the nodal position of the upper chord material.
The two chevron members are joined by fitting the chevron section of the cross section into a V-shaped groove formed by two chevron members, and a cross upper chord member is mounted on the upper surface of the horizontal mounting plate portion.
A horizontal bracing material is mounted on the lower surface of one of the horizontal mounting plate portions, and as shown in FIG. 3 (e), a joint metal C having a chevron cross section is formed by two chevron members at the joint positions of the lower chord material. A three-dimensional truss structure having a triangular cross section, wherein the truss structure is fitted and mounted on the truss. In this case, the hat-shaped joint hardware does not include the joint hardware B "of FIG. 7 (c).

The invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), a lower chord material arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and an upper chord material arranged above and in parallel with the lower chord material in the middle of every other lower chord material, A lattice material connecting one point of the upper chord material and four points of the adjacent lower chord material located below the same, a cross horizontal material connecting the intersections of the lower chord material and the lattice material in the adjacent lower chord material having no upper chord material, and In the folded three-dimensional truss structure provided with horizontal bracing, as shown in FIG. 4C, the upper chord and the lower chord are assembled by combining a pair of right and left two angle-shaped members with their corners facing each other. As shown in FIG. 4 (d), a joint metal member C having a chevron cross section is inserted into an upper V-shaped groove formed by two chevron members at a node position of the upper chord member as shown in FIG. The two chevron members are joined by fitting and attaching, and as shown in FIG. In this case, the above-mentioned angled section of the hat-shaped joint metal fitting B ′ in which the horizontal mounting plate part integrally protrudes on both sides of the angled section is fitted and attached to the lower V-shaped groove formed by the two angled members. And a cross-shaped horizontal member and a horizontal bracing member are attached to the horizontal mounting plate portion to form a folded three-dimensional truss structure. According to the fifth aspect, the hat-shaped joint hardware is connected to the joint hardware B "of FIG. 7 (c) and FIG. 4 (f).
Does not include the joining by the plate-like joining hardware A.

In the above-mentioned invention, as the material of the truss constituting member, the joint metal, and the like, general metallic materials such as structural carbon steel, aluminum light alloy, and stainless steel can be used.

[0024] In the above configuration, since the upper chord member and the lower chord member is composed by combining a pair of angle bars are joined through this consists shape members connecting member Gaha Tsu bets like joining hardware, A continuous three-dimensional truss can be obtained by the shape member and a simple metal joint connected to the shape member, so that a three-dimensional truss visually excellent can be manufactured at low cost. In addition, the metal joint can be a simple metal formed from a plate, and by simplification and standardization, a large number of metal joints can be produced and the assembling work can be easily performed, resulting in a large total cost. Reduction can be achieved. Further, if a flat truss having a substantially Z-shaped cross section is used and assembled into a V-shaped cross section, the manufacture of the space truss can be further facilitated. The V-shaped cross section is a right-angled isosceles triangle, and the joint between the metal joint and the upper chord or lower chord is 90 °.
By doing so, standardization can be made easier. Furthermore, the simple metal fitting can concentrate the center of gravity line of the truss constituent member at the joint position of the truss, and can obtain a mechanically excellent joint.

[0025]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. 1 to 4 show examples in which the present invention is applied to a one-way plate-shaped space truss, a two-way plate-shaped space truss, a triangular section space truss, and a folded plate-shaped space truss. Figure 5
FIG. 7 shows various examples of metal joints used in the present invention. 8 to 10 show examples of application of the metal joint. FIG. 11 shows an example of a method of assembling a space truss according to the present invention. In addition, as a material of a truss constituent member, a joint metal, and the like described below, a general metal material such as a structural carbon steel, an aluminum light alloy, or a stainless steel can be used.

In the present invention, in order to reduce the total cost of the plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the constituent members are angle members (angle members) or channel members (channel members). As a target, the joining system of each component uses two kinds of basic shapes of joining hardware to join the components at the nodes of the truss.

The upper chord and the lower chord of the plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure are, as shown in FIG.
Are combined with their corners facing each other to obtain a combined material having an X-shaped cross section. As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the angle members 10, 10 may be arranged on the left and right, or as shown in FIG. 6 (b), they may be arranged vertically. Angle members and channel members are used for other components (see FIG. 8). In such a composite material having an X-shaped cross section, the buckling axis has a cross direction in the cross section (45 with respect to the side).
(° direction) (see FIG. 6 (a)), the buckling resistance is large, the cross sections of the upper chord material and the lower chord material can be reduced, and this is effective in reducing required materials.

FIG. 5 shows two basic shapes of metal joints.
As shown in FIG. 5 (a), a plate-shaped metal joint A is a plate-shaped metal joint 21 of type A and a hat-shaped metal joint of type B, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the plate tip 22 is inserted into the angled groove of the angled member 10 at right angles to the material axis direction. Fitted and mounted. A bolt hole 23 is formed in the plate body 21.

As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the hat-shaped joint metal member B has a central section 31 having a central section and a horizontal mounting plate section having a flat section and projecting from both sides of the section 31. For example, as shown in FIG. 9A, the angled section 31 is fitted into the angled groove of the angled member 10. A bolt hole 33 is formed in the angled section 31 and the horizontal mounting plate section 32.
Are drilled. This hat-shaped metal joint B can be easily manufactured by projecting the center of a rectangular steel plate by press working or the like.

The metal plate A can be developed as shown in FIG. FIG. 6 (a) shows a basic plate-like joint metal A.
Is directly fixed to the angled material 10 constituting the upper chord material and the lower chord material. The plate tip 22 is fitted into the angled groove so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction of the angled material 10 and fixed by welding or the like. That is, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the plate-shaped joint A can be fixed to the nodal positions of the angled members 10 constituting the upper chord 1 and the lower chord 2 by welding. The ends of the crossed upper chord material 3 and the crossed lower chord material 4 are attached to the plate body 21 of A and fixed with bolts or the like. In this case, the pair of angled members 10, 10 of the upper chord material 1 and the lower chord material 2 need to be bolt-joined via a cross-section angled joint metal (angle material) C having a predetermined length. The crossed upper chord member 3 and the crossed lower chord member 4 are composed of, for example, a pair of angled members 11, 11, and the plate main body 2 of the plate-shaped joint hardware A is provided.
1 and fix it with bolts. Lattice 5 is angle 1
2, the upper chord member 1 and the lower chord member 2 are fixed to each side of the angle member 10 with bolts or the like. It is needless to say that the side view shape of the plate-like joint metal A can be variously changed, for example, changed according to the cross upper chord material 3 and the cross lower chord material 4.

FIG. 6 (b) shows the plate tip 2 of the plate-like metal joint A.
This is an example of a plate-shaped joining metal piece A 'in which a chevron piece 24 is fixed to the front end of the chevron 2 by welding or the like. The chevron piece 24 is fitted into a chevron groove of the chevron 10 and fixed with bolts or the like. In this case, the pair of chevron members 10, 10 arranged on the upper and lower sides can be joined by the chevron member pieces 24, and the cross-sectional chevron joint metal C used in FIG. 6A can be omitted. FIG.
As shown in (b), after the angled members 10, 10 arranged on the left and right are fixed with bolts or the like via the angled metal fitting C in cross section, the angled piece 24 of the plate-shaped metal fitting A 'is connected to the angled material 10.
It can also be fitted in a V-shaped groove and fixed with bolts or the like. In the case of the plate-shaped metal joint A ', a gusset plate 25 is fixed to the lower end of the angled member 10 by welding, and the lattice member 5 is attached to the gusset plate 25 and bolted.

FIG. 6 (c) is an example of a plate-shaped joint A "using a plate-shaped joint having the same structure as that shown in FIG. 6 (b) vertically. As shown in FIG. 8 (c). The pair of left and right angle members 10, 10 are joined by an angle member piece 24, and the upper cross chord material 3 (lower cross chord material 4) is attached to the plate body 21 projecting upward and fixed with bolts or the like. The (crossed lower chord member 4) is composed of, for example, a pair of channel members 12, 12, and is fixed with bolts or the like with the plate body portion 21 interposed therebetween. In FIGS. 8A and 8B,
Although the crossed upper chord 3 (crossed lower chord 4) is interrupted at the node position, the crossed upper chord 3 (crossed lower chord 4) can be made continuous with the plate-shaped joint metal A ". The plate body 21 of "" can be formed wide (see FIG. 6 (c)).

The hat-shaped joint hardware B can be developed as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9 (a), the basic hat-shaped joint hardware B shown in FIG. 7 (a) is applied to a one-way / two-way plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure (see FIGS. 1 and 2 and described later). be able to. That is, the cross-section chevron 31 is fitted to the chevron grooves of the pair of left and right chevrons 10, 10 constituting the upper chord 1 and fixed with bolts or the like. Place and fix with bolts. In the case of a two-dimensional plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure, the hat-shaped metal joint B can also be used for joining the lower chord 2 and the cross lower chord 4.

The hat-shaped joint hardware B 'in FIG. 7 (b) has one of the horizontal mounting plate portions 32 formed to be long and wide.
As shown in FIG. 9 (b), the present invention can be applied to a triangular cross section three-dimensional truss structure (see FIG. 3, described later) in which every other triangular truss is arranged under the upper chord material. That is, the horizontal bracing material 7 made of a chevron material or the like is attached to the lower surface of one of the horizontal mounting plate portions 32 of the hat-shaped joint hardware B ′ and fixed with bolts or the like.

7 (c) is a combination of a plate-shaped metal joint A and a hat-shaped metal joint B, and a horizontal mounting plate portion 32 is integrally formed on one side of the angled section 31. And a vertical mounting plate portion 3 perpendicular to this.
4 is fixed by welding, and as shown in FIG. 10 (a), can be applied to the above-mentioned three-dimensional space truss structure,
Also, as shown in FIG. 10B, the present invention can be applied to a folded three-dimensional truss structure (see FIG. 4, described later) in which every other triangular truss is arranged on the lower chord material. That is, the crossed upper chord member 3 or the crossed horizontal member 6 is attached to the vertical mounting plate portion 34 and fixed with bolts or the like. In FIG. 10 (b), as in FIG. 9 (b), a hat-shaped joint hardware B 'having no vertical mounting plate portion 34 is used, and the horizontal mounting plate portion 32 has 7 and can be fixed with bolts or the like.

In the case of the plate-shaped joint metal and the hat-shaped joint metal as described above, the positions of the bolts for joining with the chord material can be collectively and efficiently efficiently arranged around the nodes, and further, the hat-shaped joint hardware can be provided. In the case of, the upper cross chord material 3, the cross horizontal material 6, the horizontal bracing material 7
Can be joined together on the same horizontal plane and around the nodes.

Next, an example in which the present invention is applied to a specific space truss structure will be described. FIG. 1 shows an example of a unidirectional plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure, in which upper chords 1 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval and a lower part in the middle of adjacent upper chords 1, 1 in parallel with the upper chord 1. Lower chord material 2 arranged and crossed upper chord material 3 which is arranged orthogonal to upper chord material 1 and forms a square mesh 3
And four lattice members 5 connecting the four intersections of the square mesh and one point of the lower chord material 2 to form an inverted quadrangular pyramid having the square mesh as the bottom surface, and a side surface on the lower surface of the upper chord material A truss beam having a right-angled isosceles triangle shape or the like is formed continuously in the lateral direction.

In such a one-way plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure, two chevron members 10,
10 are combined with their corners opposed to each other, and at the joint positions of the upper chord material 1 and the lower chord material 2, the cross-section angled joint metal C is divided into two angled materials 1.
By fitting into the upper V-shaped groove or the lower V-shaped groove formed by 0, 10 to join the two angled members 10, 10 and, as shown in FIG. At the position, a plate-shaped joint metal fitting A (see FIG. 6A) in which the plate tip 22 fits into the side groove of the angled member 10 is attached by welding or the like, and the plate body 21 of the plate-shaped joint metal fitting A is attached. The end of the crossed upper chord member 3 formed of a pair of channel members and the like is abutted and fixed with bolts or the like. As shown in FIG. 1 (g), at the nodal position of the lower chord 2, two chevron 1
0 and 10 are joined. An end of the lattice member 5 made of a chevron material or the like is attached to a lower surface (or an upper surface) of a lower piece (in the case of the upper chord material 1) or an upper side (in the case of the lower chord material 2) of the chevron material 10 and is fixed with a bolt or the like.

Instead of the metal plate A, a metal plate A 'shown in FIG. 6B may be used. In this case, the angle members 10, 10 of the upper chord material 1 are arranged vertically, and the angle member pieces 2
By connecting the bolts at 4, it is possible to omit the metal joint C having a chevron cross section. Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (e), a plate-shaped joint metal A "(see FIG. 6 (c)) may be used. In this case, the angled members 10, 10 of the upper chord 1 are replaced with angled piece 24.
Then, the upper cross chord member 3 made of a pair of channel members and the like is attached to the plate body 21 and fixed with bolts or the like. further,
As shown in FIG. 1 (f), a hat-shaped joint hardware B (FIG. 7 (a)
See also). In this case, the angled members 10 of the upper chord 1 are bolted together at the angled section 31, and the crossed upper chord 3 made of an I-shaped material or the like is placed on the horizontal mounting plate portions 32 and 32 and fixed with bolts or the like. In the case of the metal joints A ″ and B in FIGS. 1 (e) and 1 (f), the cross-section angled metal joint C can be omitted, and the crossed upper chord material 3 can be joined to the upper chord material 1 with one joint metal. There is an advantage that it can be made continuous.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a two-dimensional plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure, in which upper chord members 1 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval.
And a lower chord 1 in the middle of the adjacent upper chords 1 and 1
A lower chord material 2 arranged in parallel with the upper chord material 1, a cross upper chord material 3 which is arranged orthogonal to the upper chord material 1 and forms a square mesh, and a lower cross chord material 3 in the middle of the adjacent cross chord materials 3, 3. It has a crossed lower chord member 4 arranged in parallel, and four lattice members 5 forming an inverted quadrangular pyramid connecting the four intersections of the square grid and one point of the lower chord member 2 and having the square mesh as a bottom surface. are doing.

The two-way plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure is different from the one-way plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure only in that the lower chord member 2 is joined to the lower chord member 4. The structure and the like are the same as those in the case of the one-way plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure, but as shown in FIG. 4 is fixed with bolts or the like. Note that, also in the lower chord material 2, a plate-shaped joint A "or a hat-shaped joint B can be used instead of the plate-shaped joint A.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a three-dimensional space truss structure having a triangular cross section, and upper chord members 1 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval.
And a lower chord 2 arranged below and in parallel with the upper chord 1 in the middle of the upper chords 1 and 1 adjacent to every other, and an intersection which is arranged to cross the upper chord 1 and forms a square mesh. Upper chord material 3,
A lattice material 5 that connects four intersections of the square meshes of the adjacent upper chord materials 1 and 1 with the lower chord material 2 and one point of the lower chord material 2 to form an inverted quadrangular pyramid having the square mesh as a bottom surface; There is a horizontal strip material 7 that connects the intersections of the square cells of the adjacent upper chord materials 1 and 1 without the lower chord material 2 diagonally below.

In such a three-dimensional truss structure having a triangular cross section, a hat-shaped joint hardware B '(see FIG. 7B) is used, and as shown in FIG. The pair of chevron members 10, 10 of the upper chord material are
1 and bolts and the like, and the upper cross chord 3 made of an I-shaped material or the like is mounted on the upper surfaces of the horizontal mounting plate portions 32 and 32 and fixed with bolts or the like. The ends of the horizontal bracing material 7 are attached and fixed with bolts or the like. It should be noted that, instead of the hat-shaped joint hardware B ′, FIG.
It is also possible to use a hat-shaped joint hardware B "shown in (a). Also in the case of the hat-shaped joint hardware B ', B", the cross-section angle-shaped joint hardware C can be omitted, and the upper chord material 1 can be formed by one joint hardware. There is an advantage that the upper cross chord member 3 and the horizontal bracing material 7 can be joined, and the cross upper chord member 3 can be made continuous. Lower chord material 2
Are fixed with bolts or the like via a metal joint C having a cross-section angle.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a folded three-dimensional truss structure, in which a lower chord member 2 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval is provided.
An upper chord material 1 disposed above and in parallel with the lower chord material 2 in the middle of every other adjacent lower chord material 2, and a point of the upper chord material 1 and an adjacent lower chord material 2, 2 located below the upper chord material 2. And a horizontal horizontal material 6 and a horizontal bracing material 7 that connect the intersections of the lower chord material 2 and the lattice material 5 in the adjacent lower chord materials 2 and 2 without the upper chord material 1 above. are doing.

In such a folded three-dimensional truss structure, a pair of chevron members 10, 1 at the nodal positions of the upper chord member 1 are used.
As shown in FIG. 4 (d), the reference numeral 0 is fixed with bolts or the like by means of a metal joint C having a chevron cross section, and at the node of the lower chord material 2, as shown in FIG. Using FIG. 7 (b)) or a hat-shaped joint B ”(see FIG. 7 (c)),
Alternatively, as shown in FIG.
And the plate-shaped metal joint A are used together.

In FIG. 4 (e), a pair of angle members 10 and 10 are fixed by bolts or the like via a cross-section angle portion 31 of a hat-shaped joint fitting B ', and a groove member or the like is provided on the upper surface of the horizontal mounting plate portion 32. The horizontal horizontal members 6 such as crossed horizontal members 6 and angled members are placed and fixed with bolts or the like. When the hat-shaped joint metal member B "is used, the crossing horizontal member 6 is attached to the vertical mounting plate portion 34 and fixed with bolts or the like. In this case also, the cross-section angle-shaped joint metal member C can be omitted, and one joint metal member can be used. This has the advantage that the cross horizontal member 6 and the horizontal bracing member 7 can be joined to the lower chord member 2. In Fig. 4 (f), the cross horizontal member 6 is attached to the plate-like metal joint A and fixed with bolts or the like.

When assembling the three-dimensional truss structure as described above, as shown in FIG. 11, one of the pair of chevron members 10, 10 constituting the upper chord member 1 or the lower chord member 2 is connected to each other. By arranging them in different directions and connecting them with the lattice material 5, if the plane truss 8 having a substantially Z-shape in cross section is manufactured in advance, the assembly operation can be performed more easily and accurately. For example, in the case of the two-dimensional plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure shown in FIG. 2, a pair of flat trusses 8 is simply attached to a hat-shaped joint metal B or the like previously attached to the crossing upper chord member 3 and the crossing lower chord member 4. Angle material 10,
The upper chord 1 and the lower chord 2 composed of 10 can be formed.

It is needless to say that the joint structure of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated space truss but can be applied to other space trusses.

[0049]

Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The upper chord and the lower chord are formed by combining a pair of angled members, and a connecting member made of the shape is formed on the upper and lower chords.
Because it is bonded via a C Tsu bets like joining hardware, continuous three-dimensional truss by a simple joining hardware to obtain a continuous and profile to the profile, can be made inexpensively visually superior truss it can.

(2) The truss constituent member is formed of a shape member,
The junction fittings are easily obtained by the molding of a steel sheet, it does not require special technology, general steel fabricator can be manufactured,
Wide versatility and simplification and standardization of joining hardware
The metal joint can be mass-produced, the assembling work can be easily performed, and the total cost can be significantly reduced.

(3) The simple metal fitting can concentrate the center of gravity of the truss member at the joint position of the truss, and can provide a mechanically excellent joint.

(4) The metal joint is a simple hat-shaped joint.
The alloy material alone can be applied to all space truss joining systems.

(5) Since the chord member subjected to the compressive force is a combined material having an X-shaped cross section, the buckling resistance is large, and the required material can be reduced by reducing the cross section.

(6) By making the crossed upper chord material or the crossed lower chord material continuous by using a hat-shaped joint hardware, these members can be used also as a base material, and an economical three-dimensional truss can be obtained. it can.

(7) At least one of the upper chord material and the lower chord material
Since the direction can be a continuous material, factory production including accuracy control is facilitated, and accuracy in connection with the finish material is easily ensured.

(8) A three-dimensional truss can be constructed by arranging lightweight truss beams having a triangular cross section and joining members orthogonal to the truss beams with the metal joint of the present invention. It is easy to proceed, and the work efficiency at the construction site can be improved.

(9) When the light-weight truss beam having a triangular cross section is a right-angled isosceles triangle, the forming process of the metal joint becomes a right-angled angle, which makes it easier to standardize parts including the angled material. Things.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an example in which the present invention is applied to a one-way plate-shaped space truss, (a) is a perspective view of a one-way plate-shaped space truss, (b) is a front view thereof, and (c) is a partially enlarged perspective view thereof. (D) is a front view showing an example of the joint structure of the upper chord material, (e) is a front view showing another example of the joint structure of the upper chord material, and (f) is a joint structure of the joint material of the upper chord material FIG. 10 (g) is a front view showing another example of the joint structure of the lower chord material.

FIG. 2 is an example in which the present invention is applied to a two-way plate-shaped space truss, (a) is a perspective view of the two-way plate-shaped space truss, (b) is a front view thereof, and (c) is a partially enlarged perspective view thereof. (D) is a front view showing an example of the joint structure of the upper chord material, (e) is a front view showing another example of the joint structure of the upper chord material, and (f) is a joint structure of the joint material of the upper chord material FIG. 10 (g) is a front view showing another example of the joint structure of the lower chord material.

FIG. 3 is an example in which the present invention is applied to a three-dimensional space truss. (A) is a perspective view of the three-dimensional space truss, (b) is a front view thereof, (c) is a partially enlarged perspective view thereof, and (d). () Is a front view showing an example of the joint structure of the upper chord material, and (e) is a front view showing an example of the joint structure of the lower chord material.

FIG. 4 is an example in which the present invention is applied to a folded three-dimensional truss, (a) is a perspective view of the folded three-dimensional truss, (b) is a front view thereof, (c) is a partially enlarged perspective view thereof, (d) is a front view showing one example of the joint structure of the upper chord material, (e) is a front view showing one example of the joint structure of the lower chord material, and (f) is another joint structure of the lower chord material. It is a front view showing an example.

5A and 5B are examples of a metal joint used in the present invention, wherein FIG. 5A is a front view and a side view of a plate-shaped metal joint (Type A), and FIG. 5B is a cross section of a hat-shaped metal joint (Type B). It is a figure, a side view, and a plan view.

FIG. 6 shows examples of various shapes of a plate-shaped metal joint (type A) of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view and a side view of a basic plate-shaped metal joint, and (b) is a plate-shaped metal joint. FIG. 7C is a front view, a side view, and a plan view showing another modified example of the plate-shaped metal joint, showing a modified example.

7A and 7B are examples of various shapes of a hat-shaped joint hardware (type B) of the present invention, wherein FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of a basic hat-shaped joint hardware, and FIG. Sectional view shown,
(c) is a front view, a side view, and a plan view showing another modification of the hat-shaped joint hardware.

FIG. 8 is an example in which the plate-shaped jointed metal (type A) of the present invention is applied to a space truss, (a) is a front view of a space truss using a basic plate-shaped jointed metal, (b) Is a front view and side view of a space truss using a modified example of a plate-shaped joint metal,
(c) is a front view and a side view of a space truss when another modified example of the plate-shaped joint hardware is used.

FIG. 9 is an example in which the hat-shaped joint hardware (type B) of the present invention is applied to a space truss. FIG. 9 (a) is a front view, a side view, and a plan view of a space truss using a basic hat-shaped joint hardware. FIG. 7B is a front view and a plan view of a space truss when a modified example of the hat-shaped joint hardware is used.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing an example in which another modification of the hat-shaped joint hardware (type B) of the present invention is applied to a space truss, where (a) is applied to upper chord materials and (b) is This is the case when applied to the lower chord material.

11A and 11B show an example of a method of assembling a space truss according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 11A is a sectional view and a side view of a plane truss, and FIG. 11B is a front view of the space truss.

FIG. 12 shows a conventional plate-shaped space truss using a steel pipe as a main material, wherein (a) is a front view and (b) is a cross-sectional view of a joint.

FIG. 13 (a) is a plan view showing a two-way plate-shaped space truss.
A side view, and (b) is a plan view and a front view showing a unidirectional plate-shaped space truss.

14A is a plan view and a front view showing a three-dimensional truss having a triangular cross section, and FIG. 14B is a plan view and a front view showing a folded three-dimensional truss.

15A and 15B show a conventional joint structure of a folded three-dimensional truss, wherein FIG. 15A is a side view of the three-dimensional truss, and FIG. 15B is a front view of the three-dimensional truss.

16 (a) is a side view of a space truss, FIG. 16 (b) is a front view of the space truss, and FIG. 16 (c) is a perspective view of a metal joint.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Upper chord material 2 ... Lower chord material 3 ... Crossed upper chord material 4 ... Crossed lower chord material 5 ... Lattice material 6 ... Crossed horizontal material 7 ... Horizontal bracing material 8 ... Plane truss 10 ... 11 ... angled material 12 ... grooved material A ... plate-shaped joint metal 21 ... plate body 22 ... plate end 23 ... bolt hole 24 ... angled piece 25 ... gusset plate B ... hat Shaped metal fitting 31 Cross section angled part 32 Horizontal mounting plate part 33 Bolt hole 34 Vertical mounting plate part C Cross sectional shaped metal fitting

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] In a three-dimensional truss structure, a joining structure for connecting a connecting member to an upper chord material or a lower chord material having a substantially X-shaped cross section in which a pair of right and left two angle members are combined with their corners facing each other. There is provided a hat-shaped joint metal part having a horizontal mounting plate part integrally protruding on both sides of the chevron section, and the chevron section is fitted into a V-shaped groove formed by two chevron members to form two chevron shapes. A joining structure of a three-dimensional truss structure, wherein members are joined and a connecting member is attached to the horizontal attachment plate portion. 2. An upper chord material arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, a lower chord material arranged in a lower part of the middle of adjacent upper chord materials and in parallel with the upper chord material, and intersecting the upper chord material. A crossed upper chord material that is arranged and forms a square mesh;
In a one-way plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure including a lattice material that forms an inverted quadrangular pyramid that connects two intersections and one point of a lower chord material and that has a square mesh as a bottom surface, the upper chord material and the lower chord material are a pair of right and left. A hat formed by combining two angled members with their corners facing each other and having a substantially X-shaped cross section, and having a horizontal mounting plate portion integrally protruding on both sides of the angled cross section at a node position of the upper chord material. The two angled members are joined by fitting the angled cross section of the shaped metal fitting into a V-shaped groove formed by two angled members, and a crossed upper chord is attached to the horizontal mounting plate portion, and a lower chord is attached. A one-way plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure, characterized in that a metal fitting having a chevron cross section is fitted and attached to a V-shaped groove formed by two chevron members at a node position of the material. 3. An upper chord member disposed in parallel at a predetermined interval, a lower chord member disposed in the middle of an adjacent upper chord and below and in parallel with the upper chord member, and intersecting the upper chord member. A crossed upper chord material arranged to form a square mesh, a crossed lower chord material arranged below and in parallel with the crossed upper chord in the middle of adjacent crossed upper chord materials, and four intersections and a lower chord material of the square meshes In a two-dimensional plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure having a lattice material that forms an inverted quadrangular pyramid that connects to one intersection of the crossed lower chords and has a square mesh as a bottom surface, the upper chord and the lower chord are a pair of left and right. It is composed of a combination material having a substantially X-shaped cross section in which two angle members are combined with their corners facing each other. At the joint positions of the upper chord material and the lower chord material, horizontal mounting plate portions are integrally formed on both sides of the angle chevron section. Two of said hat-shaped joining hardware projecting from the cross section 2 by fitting mounted in a V-groove formed by angular bars
A two-way plate-shaped three-dimensional truss structure, wherein two angled members are joined and a crossed upper chord member and a crossed lower chord member are attached to the horizontal mounting plate portion. 4. An upper chord material arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, a lower chord material arranged in parallel with the upper chord material below and in the middle of every other adjacent upper chord material, and the upper chord material A crossed upper chord member arranged to intersect a square mesh, and four intersections of a square mesh of an adjacent upper chord material with a lower chord material below and one point of the lower chord material connected to form a square mesh bottom surface In a triangular cross-section three-dimensional truss structure provided with a lattice material that forms an inverted quadrangular pyramid and a horizontal bracing material that connects diagonally the intersections of square meshes of an adjacent upper chord material without a lower chord material below, The upper chord material and the lower chord material are composed of a combination material having a substantially X-shaped cross section obtained by combining a pair of left and right angle-shaped materials with their corners facing each other . The above-mentioned angled section of the hat-shaped joining hardware from which the mounting plate part integrally projects The two chevron members are joined by fitting and fitting in a V-shaped groove formed by two chevron members, and a cross upper chord member is mounted on the upper surface of the horizontal mounting plate portion, and on the lower surface of one horizontal mounting plate portion. A three-dimensional truss structure having a triangular cross section, wherein a horizontal bracing material is attached, and a joint metal having a chevron cross section is fitted and attached to a V-shaped groove formed by two chevron members at a node position of the lower chord material. 5. A lower chord member arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, an upper chord member disposed in parallel with the lower chord member above and in the middle of every other lower chord member, and an upper chord member. A lattice member connecting one point and four points of the adjacent lower chord material located below the lattice member, and an intersecting horizontal member connecting the intersections of the lower chord member and the lattice member in the adjacent lower chord member having no upper chord member, and a horizontal streak. In the folded three-dimensional truss structure provided with a material, the upper chord material and the lower chord material are composed of a combination material having a substantially X-shaped cross section obtained by combining a pair of left and right angled members with their corners facing each other, At the joint position of the upper chord, the two chevrons are joined by fitting and fitting a metal fitting having a chevron cross section into the upper V-shaped groove formed by the two chevron members, and the chevron section at the joint position of the lower chord material Ha horizontal mounting plate portion on both sides of projecting integrally The two chevron members are joined by fitting and attaching the cross-sectional chevron portions of the G-shaped fittings to the lower V-shaped groove formed by the two chevron members, and the crossed horizontal members and the horizontal bracing members are connected to the horizontal members. A folded three-dimensional truss structure characterized by being mounted on a mounting plate portion.