WO2023088053A1 - 用于制造太阳能电池的设备及制造太阳能电池的方法 - Google Patents
用于制造太阳能电池的设备及制造太阳能电池的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023088053A1 WO2023088053A1 PCT/CN2022/127617 CN2022127617W WO2023088053A1 WO 2023088053 A1 WO2023088053 A1 WO 2023088053A1 CN 2022127617 W CN2022127617 W CN 2022127617W WO 2023088053 A1 WO2023088053 A1 WO 2023088053A1
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- sealant
- pressing rod
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- driving mechanism
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 148
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 208000032953 Device battery issue Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/186—Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a device for manufacturing solar cells and a method for manufacturing solar cells.
- the present application provides an apparatus for manufacturing a solar cell and a method for manufacturing a solar cell, so as to reduce the possibility of failure of the solar cell.
- the present application provides a device for manufacturing solar cells, including: a fixed support; a scribing device, which is arranged on the fixed support, and the scribing device is used for scribing the solar cells to draw on the solar cells A groove is formed; and a filling device is arranged on the fixing bracket, and the filling device is used for filling the sealant in the groove.
- the scribing device is arranged on the fixed bracket, and the scribing device is used for scribing the solar cells to form grooves on the solar cells;
- the filling device is arranged on the fixing bracket, and the filling device is used for Fill the groove with sealant.
- the filling device is configured to move synchronously with the scoring device. In this way, it can be realized that when the scribing device is used to scribe the solar cells to form grooves on the solar cells, the filling device is simultaneously used to fill the grooves with a sealant to further prevent moisture from entering the grooves, thereby Further reduce the possibility of solar cell failure.
- the equipment further includes a transmission device arranged on the fixed support, the transmission device is connected with both the scribing device and the filling device, and is used to drive the scribing device and the filling device to move relative to the fixed support. Both the scribing device and the filling device are connected to the transmission device, so that when the transmission device drives the scribing device and the filling device to move, the scribing device and the filling device move synchronously.
- the filling device includes a feed channel for containing the sealant. Since the feeding channel is provided with a material inlet and a material outlet, the sealant can enter the feeding channel through the material inlet, and be discharged from the material outlet to fill in the groove, so as to prevent moisture from entering the groove.
- the filling device further includes a heater disposed on the supply channel, and the heater is used for heating the sealant in the supply channel. Since the sealant has different viscosity values at different temperatures, and the sealant filled in the groove needs to have a specific viscosity value, therefore, when the current viscosity value of the sealant in the supply channel is the same as the required filling When the viscosity value of the sealant in the groove is different, the temperature of the sealant can be heated by a heater to change the viscosity value of the sealant, so that the viscosity value of the sealant is the same as that of the sealant that needs to be filled in the groove The viscosity values are the same.
- the filling device further includes a temperature detector disposed on the supply channel, and the temperature detector is used to detect the temperature of the sealant in the supply channel. Since the temperature detector can detect the temperature of the sealant in the feed channel, and the viscosity value of the sealant at different temperatures is known data, therefore, the temperature of the sealant in the feed channel measured by the temperature detector can be used to obtain Know the current viscosity value of the sealant.
- the filling device also includes a housing, a pressing rod, and a driving mechanism arranged on the housing; a pressing channel is provided in the housing, and an opening communicating with the feeding channel is provided on the wall of the pressing channel, so as to The sealant in the feeding channel can enter the pressing channel through the opening; the driving mechanism is used to drive the pressing rod to move back and forth in the pressing channel, so as to press out the sealing agent in the pressing channel.
- the driving mechanism can drive the pressing rod to make reciprocating movements in the pressing channel, and the frequency of the pressing rod can be controlled by the driving mechanism to achieve Control the frequency and amount of sealant extrusion, so as to control the amount of sealant in the groove to better achieve the sealing effect.
- the pressing rod is configured to reciprocate between a first preset position and a second preset position; when the pressing rod is at the first preset position, the pressing rod blocks the opening and presses The front end of the material rod is located at the side of the opening away from the driving mechanism; when the pressing rod is at the second preset position, the front end of the pressing rod is located at the side of the opening close to the driving mechanism. In this way, during the reciprocating movement of the pressing rod between the first preset position and the second preset position, the sealant in the feeding channel cannot enter the compression chamber through the opening during the time that the pressing rod seals the opening.
- the driving mechanism includes a high-frequency generator fixed to the pressing rod, and the high-frequency generator is used to drive the pressing rod to do reciprocating motion.
- the high-frequency generator can be used for reciprocating motion, thereby driving the pressing rod fixed on the high-frequency generator to do reciprocating motion.
- the driving mechanism further includes a tension member, which is located on the side of the high-frequency generator close to the pressing rod, one end of the tension member is fixed to the housing, and the other end of the tension member is fixed to the high-frequency generator, and the tension The component is used for providing the high-frequency generator with a pulling force along the direction of the high-frequency generator approaching the pressing channel when the high-frequency generator moves along the direction approaching the pressing channel.
- the high-frequency generator drives the pressing rod to press out the sealant in the pressing channel.
- the pulling force of the device in the direction close to the pressing channel can increase the driving force of the high frequency generator to drive the pressing rod to move, thereby ensuring that the pressing rod can press out the sealant in the pressing channel.
- the filling device further includes a limiting member arranged on the housing, the limiting member is located on the side of the driving mechanism away from the pressing material passage, and the limiting member is used for communicating with the driving mechanism or the pressing material rod when the pressing material rod moves. Press rod abuts. In this way, when at least some parts of the driving mechanism drive the pressing rod to move away from the pressing channel, the distance that at least some parts of the driving mechanism move away from the pressing channel can be limited by the limiter, so as to prevent The pressing rod escapes from the pressing channel.
- the limiting member is movably arranged on the housing, so that the position of the limiting member in the moving direction of the pressing rod can be adjusted. In this way, different moving distances of the pressing rod can be designed according to different groove sizes, so as to extrude the filling amount of the sealant corresponding to the corresponding groove size.
- the housing is provided with a threaded hole
- the limiting member is a screw
- the screw is screwed into the threaded hole of the housing.
- the filling device further includes a spray head, which is fixed on the housing and located at an end of the pressure channel away from the driving mechanism; the pressure channel communicates with the outside of the housing through the spray head.
- a spray head which is fixed on the housing and located at an end of the pressure channel away from the driving mechanism; the pressure channel communicates with the outside of the housing through the spray head.
- the spray head is detachably fixed on the housing. In this way, when the width of the groove does not match the caliber of the nozzle currently fixed on the casing, the nozzle can be disassembled from the casing, and a nozzle whose caliber matches the width of the groove can be replaced and fixed to the casing.
- the casing is provided with an accommodating chamber communicated with the pressing channel, and the driving mechanism is located in the accommodating chamber. In this way, the collision between the driving mechanism and other components can be avoided, resulting in damage to the driving mechanism.
- the wall of the containing chamber is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is used to discharge the gas in the containing chamber.
- the exhaust port is used to discharge the gas in the containing chamber.
- the present application provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell, including: forming a solar cell sheet, the solar cell sheet has a back electrode and a power generation layer and a front electrode laid on the back electrode in sequence; Scribing the solar cells on one side to form grooves on the solar cells; filling the grooves with sealant.
- the solar cell is scribed on the side of the front electrode away from the back electrode to form a groove on the solar cell, and then fill the groove with a sealant to prevent moisture from entering the groove, thereby reducing solar energy. Possibility of battery failure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for manufacturing solar cells according to some embodiments of the present application
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the filling device of some embodiments of the present application.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing a solar cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
- Filling device 130 feeding channel 131, heater 132, housing 133, pressing rod 134, driving mechanism 135, limiter 136, nozzle 137, accommodating chamber 138, exhaust member 139; pressing channel 101, high Frequency generator 102, tension member 103, exhaust port 104;
- multiple refers to more than two (including two), similarly, “multiple groups” refers to more than two groups (including two), and “multiple pieces” refers to More than two pieces (including two pieces).
- the inventors of the present application have noticed that when the solar cell sheet is scribed on the side of the front electrode away from the back electrode to form grooves on the solar cell sheet, the power generation layer will be exposed due to the formed groove. At this time, When moisture enters the groove and contacts the power generation layer, it is easy to cause damage to the power generation layer, thereby making the solar cell invalid.
- the inventors of the present application found that the solar cell sheet can be scribed on the side of the front electrode away from the back electrode, so that after the groove is formed on the solar cell sheet, the sealant can be used to fill the groove The groove prevents moisture from entering the groove, thereby avoiding damage to the power generation layer caused by moisture, thereby reducing the possibility of solar cell failure.
- the inventor in order to reduce the possibility of solar cell failure, the inventor has designed an equipment for manufacturing solar cells after in-depth research, and uses a scribing device to scribe the solar cells to form a solar cell on the solar cells. grooves, so that after the solar cells are cut to form several sub-battery units, the filling device is used to fill the sealant in the grooves, so as to prevent moisture from entering the grooves, thereby reducing the possibility of solar cell failure; in addition, the invention After in-depth research, people have also designed a method of manufacturing solar cells, scribing the solar cell sheet on the side of the front electrode away from the back electrode, so that after the groove is formed on the solar cell sheet, the sealant is filled in the groove, That is to prevent moisture from entering the groove, thereby reducing the possibility of failure of the solar cell.
- the present application provides a device for manufacturing solar cells, including: a fixed support 110; The solar cells are scribed to form grooves on the solar cells; and the filling device 130 is arranged on the fixing frame 110, and the filling device 130 is used for filling the sealant in the grooves.
- the fixing bracket 110 is a bracket used to fix other components of the equipment, and the fixing bracket 110 may be a structure formed by connecting beams, columns and the like.
- the equipment used to make solar cells can be placed on the ground or on top of other equipment.
- the fixing bracket 110 is placed on the ground, so that the equipment for manufacturing solar cells is placed on the ground.
- the fixing bracket 110 is placed on other equipment, so that the equipment for manufacturing solar cells is placed on other equipment, so that the equipment for manufacturing solar cells can be used in conjunction with other equipment.
- the scribing device 120 is a device capable of scribing the solar cells. Grooves will be formed on the solar cells after the scribing by the scribing device 120 , so that the solar cells are cut to form several sub-battery units.
- the scribing device 120 is a laser scribing device.
- the filling device 130 is a device capable of filling the groove with a sealant.
- filling device 130 is a syringe.
- the sealant has a waterproof function, and when the sealant is filled in the groove, it can prevent moisture from entering the groove and contacting the power generation layer, thereby avoiding damage to the power generation layer.
- the sealant also has an insulating function, and when the sealant is filled in the trench, the two sub-battery units on both sides of the trench are prevented from being electrically connected through the sealant.
- the viscosity of the sealant is 1 cps to 15000 cps (cps: centipoise ⁇ second).
- the equipment for manufacturing solar cells includes: a fixed support 110; a scribing device 120, which is arranged on the fixed support 110, and the scribing device 120 is used for scribing the solar cells to form grooves on the solar cells; and a filling device 130, arranged on the fixing bracket 110, the filling device 130 is used for filling the sealant in the groove.
- the filling device 130 can be used to fill the sealant in the groove In the groove, to prevent moisture from entering the groove, thereby reducing the possibility of solar cell failure.
- the filling device 130 is configured to move synchronously with the scribing device 120 .
- the filling device 130 is simultaneously used to fill the grooves with sealant, reducing the amount of sealant after the grooves are formed.
- the filling interval further prevents moisture from entering the groove, thereby further reducing the possibility of failure of the solar cell.
- the equipment further includes a transmission device 140 arranged on the fixed bracket 110, the transmission device 140 is connected with both the marking device 120 and the filling device 130, and is used to drive the marking device 120 and the filling device 130.
- the filling device 130 moves relative to the stationary frame 110 .
- the transmission device 140 is connected with both the marking device 120 and the filling device 130. It may be that the transmission device 140 is directly connected with the marking device 120, and the transmission device 140 is also directly connected with the filling device 130, or it may be that the transmission device 140 and the marking device 120 is directly connected to one of the filling device 130 , and the other of the marking device 120 and the filling device 130 is connected to the transmission device 140 through one of the marking device 120 and the filling device 130 .
- the transmission device 140 When the transmission device 140 is directly connected with the marking device 120, and the transmission device 140 is also directly connected with the filling device 130, the transmission device 140 can be provided with a first transmission device and a second transmission device, and the first transmission device and the marking device 120 Directly connected, the second transmission device is directly connected with the filling device 130 .
- the transmission device 140 may be a mechanical arm, or a slide rail mechanism formed by cooperation of sliders and guide rails.
- the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific form of the transmission device 140 .
- Both the marking device 120 and the filling device 130 are connected to the transmission device 140 , so that the transmission device 140 drives the marking device 120 and the filling device 130 to move synchronously.
- the filling device 130 includes a feed channel 131 for containing the sealant.
- the material supply channel 131 is a channel for material supply, which is provided with a material inlet and a material outlet. Since the filling device 130 includes a feed channel 131 for containing the sealant, the sealant can enter the feed channel 131 through the inlet of the feed channel 131, and be discharged and filled by the outlet of the feed channel 131. In the trench to prevent moisture from entering the trench.
- the filling device 130 further includes a feed pump (not shown in the figure), and the feed pump delivers the sealant to the feed inlet of the feed channel 131 .
- the input pressure of the feed pump to deliver the sealant is adjustable. In this way, by adjusting the delivery pressure of the feed pump, the volume of the sealant removed from the feed channel 131 per unit time can be adjusted.
- the input pressure of the feed pump to deliver the sealant may be 0Mpa to 3Mpa (Mpa: megapascal).
- the filling device 130 further includes a heater 132 disposed on the supply channel 131 , and the heater 132 is used for heating the sealant in the supply channel 131 .
- the heater 132 is a device with a heating function, which can heat the sealant in the feeding channel 131 .
- the heater 132 is an electromagnetic heater.
- the heater 132 is an infrared heater.
- heater 132 is a resistive heater. It should be noted that, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific heating form of the heater 132 .
- the heater 132 can be arranged outside the feed channel 131 or inside the feed channel 131 , and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the location of the heater 132 .
- the number of heaters 132 may be one or two, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of heaters 132 .
- the number of the heaters 132 may be multiple, and multiple heaters 132 are arranged around the feeding channel 131 .
- the sealant Since the sealant has different viscosity values at different temperatures, and the sealant filled in the groove needs to have a specific viscosity value, therefore, when the current viscosity value of the sealant in the supply channel 131 is the same as the required filling
- the temperature of the sealant can be heated by a heater to change the viscosity value of the sealant, so that the viscosity value of the sealant is the same as that of the sealant that needs to be filled in the groove
- the viscosity values are the same.
- heating the sealant increases the adhesion of the sealant, thereby improving the sealing effect of the sealant when sealing the groove.
- the heater 132 can heat the sealant in the supply channel 131 from normal temperature to 160°C.
- the filling device 130 further includes a temperature detector (not shown in the figure) arranged on the feed channel 131, and the temperature detector is used to detect the temperature in the feed channel 131. temperature of the sealant.
- the temperature detector can be arranged outside the supply channel 131 or inside the supply channel 131 , and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the location of the temperature detector. Because the temperature detector can detect the temperature of the sealant in the feed channel 131, and the viscosity value of the sealant at different temperatures is known data, therefore, the temperature of the sealant in the feed channel 131 that can be measured by the temperature detector , so as to know the current viscosity value of the sealant.
- the filling device 130 further includes a housing 133, a pressing rod 134, and a driving mechanism 135 arranged on the housing 133; a pressing channel is provided in the housing 133 101, the wall of the pressing channel 101 is provided with an opening communicating with the feeding channel 131, so that the sealant in the feeding channel 131 can enter the pressing channel 101 through the opening; the driving mechanism 135 is used to drive the pressing rod 134 to press The reciprocating movement in the material channel 101 is used to press out the sealant located in the pressure material channel 101.
- At least some parts of the driving mechanism 135 can move back and forth, and the at least some parts are connected with the pressing rod 134 . In this way, when at least part of the components of the driving mechanism 135 are reciprocating, the pressing rod 134 can be driven to reciprocate in the pressing channel 101 .
- the driving mechanism 135 can drive the pressing rod 134 to move back and forth in the pressing channel 101 , and the driving mechanism 135 can control the pressing rod 134
- the frequency of reciprocating motion is used to control the frequency and amount of sealant extrusion, so as to control the amount of sealant in the groove to better achieve the sealing effect.
- the driving mechanism 135 drives the pressing rod 134 to make an adjustable number of reciprocating movements within one second. In this way, the frequency of the reciprocating movement of the pressing rod 134 can be controlled by the driving mechanism 135 .
- the driving mechanism 135 drives the pressing rod 134 to reciprocate 100 times to 1000 times within one second.
- the front end of the pressing rod 134 extends into the pressing channel 101 , and the rear end of the pressing rod 134 is connected to the driving mechanism 135 .
- the pressing rod 134 is configured to reciprocate between a first preset position and a second preset position; the pressing rod 134 is in the first preset position position, the pressure rod 134 blocks the opening, and the front end of the pressure rod 134 is located on the side of the opening away from the drive mechanism 135; body 135 on one side.
- the sealant in the feeding channel 131 cannot pass through during the time when the pressing rod 134 blocks the opening.
- the opening enters the pressing channel 101, thereby preventing the feeding channel 131 from supplying material into the pressing channel 101 through the opening, thereby avoiding that when the pressing rod 134 is not pressed, due to too much sealant in the pressing channel 101, As a result, the sealant overflows from the pressing channel 101.
- the driving mechanism 135 includes a high-frequency generator 102 fixed to the pressing rod 134 , and the high-frequency generator 102 is used to drive the pressing rod 134 to move back and forth.
- the high-frequency generator 102 can be used to perform reciprocating motion, thereby driving the pressing rod 134 fixed on the high-frequency generator 102 to perform reciprocating motion.
- the high frequency generator 102 is a piezoelectric ceramic.
- the high frequency generator 102 is a transistor oscillator generator. It should be noted that, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific structure of the high frequency generator 102 .
- the driving mechanism 135 also includes a tension member 103, the tension member 103 is located on the side of the high-frequency generator 102 close to the pressing rod 134, and one end of the tension member 103 is connected to the shell Body 133 is fixed, and the other end of tension member 103 is fixed with high-frequency generator 102, and tension member 103 is used for when high-frequency generator 102 moves along the direction close to pressing channel 101, provides high-frequency generator 102 along the high frequency. The pulling force of the generator 102 is close to the direction of the pressing channel 101 .
- the high-frequency generator 102 drives the pressing rod 134 to press out the sealant in the pressing channel 101.
- the device 102 provides a pulling force along the direction that the high-frequency generator 102 is close to the pressing channel 101, which can increase the driving force of the high-frequency generator 102 to drive the pressing rod 134 to move at this time, thereby ensuring that the pressing rod 134 can move the pressing channel 101
- the sealant inside is pressed out.
- the tension member 103 is a tension spring. In this way, when the high-frequency generator 102 moves away from the pressing channel 101, the extension spring deforms; The generator 102 provides a pulling force along the direction that the high frequency generator 102 approaches the pressing channel 101 .
- the tension member 103 is a damper.
- the damper hinders the moving of the high-frequency generator 102; when the high-frequency generator 102 moves in a direction close to the pressing channel 101, the damper gradually recovers In the initial state, a pulling force is provided to the high frequency generator 102 along the direction that the high frequency generator 102 approaches the pressing channel 101 .
- the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific structure of the tension member 103 .
- the filling device 130 further includes a stopper 136 disposed on the housing 133 , the stopper 136 is located on the side of the driving mechanism 135 away from the pressing channel 101 , The limiting member 136 is used to abut against the driving mechanism 135 or the pressing rod 134 when the pressing rod 134 moves.
- the driving mechanism 135 when at least some parts of the driving mechanism 135 drive the pressing rod 134 to move in a direction away from the pressing channel 101, at least some parts of the driving mechanism 135 can be limited by the limiter 136 to move in a direction away from the pressing channel 101.
- the moving distance is to prevent the pressing rod 134 from coming out of the pressing channel 101.
- the driving mechanism 135 includes the high-frequency generator 102 connected to the pressing rod 134, and the limiter 136 is used to abut against the high-frequency generator 102 or the pressing rod 134 to limit the high-frequency generator 102.
- the distance to move away from the pressing channel 101 is to prevent the pressing rod 134 from coming out of the pressing channel 101 .
- the limiting member 136 is movably disposed on the housing 133 , so that the position of the limiting member 136 in the moving direction of the pressing rod 134 can be adjusted.
- the pressing rod 134 is configured to reciprocate between a first preset position and a second preset position; when the pressing rod 134 is in the first preset position, the pressing rod 134 blocks the opening , and the front end of the pressing rod 134 is located on the side of the opening away from the driving mechanism 135;
- the position of the second preset position can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the limiting member 136 in the moving direction of the pressing rod 134 .
- the time during which the pressing rod 134 does not block the opening can be increased to increase The opening enters the volume of the sealant in the pressing channel 101, and at the same time increases the displacement of the pressing rod 134 from the second preset position to the first preset position, so as to increase the volume of the sealing agent pressed out by the pressing rod 134, thereby Increase the volume of the sealant pressed out by the single reciprocating movement of the pressing rod 134 to increase the filling amount of the sealant filled in the groove by the filling device 130; and when the second preset position is along the direction close to the first preset position When moving, the time when the pressing rod 134 does not block the opening can be reduced, so as to reduce the volume of the sealant entering the pressing channel 101 through the opening, and at
- the housing 133 is provided with a threaded hole, and the limiting member 136 is a screw, and the screw is screwed into the threaded hole of the housing 133 .
- the position of the limiting member 136 in the moving direction of the pressing rod 134 can be adjusted by rotating the limiting member 136 along the circumferential direction of the limiting member 136 .
- the filling device 130 further includes a spray head 137 , which is fixed on the housing 133 and located at the end of the pressing channel 101 away from the driving mechanism 135 ; the pressing channel 101 It communicates with the outside of the casing 133 via the shower head 137 .
- the spray head 137 can be made to face the groove, and the sealant in the pressure material channel 101 can be pressed out from the spray head 137 through the pressing rod 134 .
- the diameter of the nozzle 137 is adjustable. In this way, the diameter of the nozzle 137 can be adjusted so that the width of the groove matches the current diameter of the nozzle 137, that is, after the sealant discharged through the nozzle 137 is filled in the groove, the sealant covers the groove in the width direction of the groove and Does not overflow from grooves. In one example, the diameter of the nozzle 137 can be adjusted from 0.1 mm to 1 mm (mm: millimeter).
- the spray head 137 is detachably fixed on the casing 133 .
- the spray head 137 is fixed on the housing 133 through a detachable connection such as screw connection.
- the spray head 137 can be disassembled from the casing 133, and the spray head 137 and the casing whose caliber matches the groove width can be replaced 133 fixed.
- the width of the groove does not match the caliber of the nozzle 137 currently fixed on the housing 133, it means that after the sealant discharged through the nozzle 137 is filled in the groove, the sealant cannot cover the groove in the width direction of the groove, Or the sealant covers the groove in the width direction of the groove and overflows from the groove; while the matching of the groove width with the caliber of the nozzle 137 currently fixed on the housing 133 means that the sealant discharged via the nozzle 137 is filled in the groove After being in the groove, the sealant covers the groove in the width direction of the groove and does not overflow from the groove.
- the number of spray heads 137 may be multiple, and the calibers of the multiple spray heads 137 are all different, and one of the multiple spray heads 137 is detachably fixed on the housing 133 .
- the diameters of the plurality of nozzles 137 are not smaller than 0.1 mm and not larger than 1 mm.
- the housing 133 is provided with an accommodating chamber 138 communicating with the pressing channel 101 , and the driving mechanism 135 is located in the accommodating chamber 138 .
- the driving mechanism 135 can be prevented from colliding with other parts, causing the driving mechanism 135 to be damaged.
- the wall of the containing chamber 138 is provided with an exhaust port 104 , and the exhaust port 104 is used to discharge the gas in the containing chamber 138 .
- the filling device 130 further includes an exhaust member 139 disposed on the housing 133 , and the accommodation chamber 138 communicates with the outside of the accommodation chamber 138 through the exhaust port 104 and the exhaust member 139 .
- the exhaust member 139 When the filling device 130 is in use, the exhaust member 139 is in a normally open state, that is, the accommodating chamber 138 can communicate with the outside of the accommodating chamber 138 via the exhaust port 104 and the exhaust member 139; and when the filling device 130 is not in use, The exhaust member 139 may be in a closed state, that is, the exhaust member 139 disconnects the communication between the accommodation chamber 138 and the outside of the accommodation chamber 138 .
- the present application provides a device for manufacturing solar cells, including: a fixed bracket 110, a transmission device 140 arranged on the fixed bracket 110, and a The device 140 is connected to the scribing device 120 and the filling device 130; the scribing device 120 is used for scribing the solar cells; the filling device 130 is used for filling the sealant in the groove.
- the present application also provides a method of manufacturing a solar cell, including:
- S101 forming a solar battery sheet, the solar battery sheet has a back electrode, and a power generation layer and a front electrode sequentially laid on the back electrode.
- the solar cells formed in this step are thin-film solar cells.
- the power generation layer may include a hole layer, a perovskite layer and an electron transport layer sequentially laid on the back electrode.
- the material of the back electrode may be copper
- the material of the front electrode may be ITO (ITO: indium tin oxide).
- the back electrode is first scribing to form grooves on the back electrode, so that the back electrode is cut to form several sub-back electrode units, and then the power generation unit is formed on the back electrode. layer, and the power generation layer is scribing on the side away from the back electrode to form grooves on the power generation layer, so that the power generation layer is cut to form several sub-power generation units, and finally the power generation layer is far away from the back electrode
- One side forms the front electrode, and then forms the solar cell sheet.
- the orthographic projection area of the trench formed on the back electrode on the top surface of the back electrode is the first area
- the orthographic projection area of the trench formed on the power generation layer on the top surface of the back electrode is the second area
- the first The region does not coincide with the second region
- S102 Scribing the solar battery sheet on the side of the front electrode away from the back electrode to form grooves on the solar battery sheet.
- the scribing device in the foregoing embodiments can be used to scribe the solar cell sheet on the side where the front electrode is away from the back electrode, so as to form grooves on the solar cell sheet, thereby cutting the solar cell sheet to form several sub-battery units .
- the solar cell sheet is scribed on the side of the front electrode away from the back electrode, so as to form a groove on the solar cell sheet and expose the power generation layer, and the orthographic projection area of the groove on the top surface of the back electrode is the third area, and the third area coincides with the second area.
- the filling device in the foregoing embodiments may be used to fill the groove with the sealant.
- moisture can be prevented from entering the trenches, thereby preventing moisture from damaging the power generation layer, thereby reducing the possibility of failure of the solar cell.
- the sealant is filled in the trenches, moisture can be prevented from entering the trenches, which is beneficial to the growth of perovskite crystal grains, thereby improving the carrier mobility and lifespan of the solar cell.
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种用于制造太阳能电池的设备及制造太阳能电池的方法。用于制造太阳能电池的设备包括：固定支架；划线装置,设置于固定支架，划线装置用于对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽；和填充装置，设置于固定支架，填充装置用于将密封剂填充在沟槽内。本申请实施例的用于制造太阳能电池的设备及制造太阳能电池的方法，可减小太阳能电池失效的可能性。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年11月19日提交的名称为“用于制造太阳能电池的设备及制造太阳能电池的方法”的中国专利申请202111392258.7的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种用于制造太阳能电池的设备及制造太阳能电池的方法。
目前，在制造太阳能电池的过程中，在形成具有背电极、发电层和前电极的太阳能电池片后，常需在前电极远离背电极的一侧对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽，从而使得太阳能电池片被切割形成若干子电池单元，进而改善太阳能电池的电压或电流。然而，采用该方式形成的太阳能电池易失效。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请提供一种用于制造太阳能电池的设备及制造太阳能电池的方法，以减小太阳能电池失效的可能性。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种用于制造太阳能电池的设备，包括：固定支架；划线装置,设置于固定支架，划线装置用于对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽；和填充装置，设置于固定支架，填充装置用于将密封剂填充在沟槽内。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，划线装置设置于固定支架，划线装置用于对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽；填充装置设置于固定支架，填充装置用于将密封剂填充在沟槽内。这样的设计，在利用划线装置对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽，从而使得太阳能电池片被切割形成若干子电池单元之后，可利用填充装置将密封剂填充在沟槽内，以避免水分进入沟槽内，进而减小太阳能电池失效的可能性。
在一些实施例中，填充装置被配置为与划线装置同步运动。如此，即可实现，在利用划线装置对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽时，同步利用填充装置在沟槽内填充密封剂，进一步避免水分进入沟槽内，从而进一步减小太阳能电池失效的可能性。
在一些实施例中，设备还包括设置在固定支架上的传动装置，传动装置与划线装置和填充装置均连接，并用于带动划线装置和填充装置相对于固定支架移动。将划线装置和填充装置均连接至传动装置，即可使得传动装置在带动划线装置和填充装置移动时，使得划线装置和填充装置同步运动。
在一些实施例中，填充装置包括用于容纳密封剂的供料通道。由于供料通道设有入料口以及出料口，故可将密封剂经由入料口进入供料通道内，且由出料口排出并填充在沟槽内，以避免水分进入沟槽内。
在一些实施例中，填充装置还包括设置在供料通道上的加热器，加热器用于加热供料通道内的密封剂。由于密封剂在不同的温度下具有不同的粘度值，而填充在沟槽内的密封剂需具有特定的粘度值，因此，当位于供料通道内的密封剂当前的粘度值与所需填充在沟槽内的密封剂的粘度值不同时，可通过加热器加热密封剂的温度以改变该密封剂的粘度值，从而使得该密封剂的粘度值与所需填充在沟槽内的密封剂的粘度值相同。
在一些实施例中，填充装置还包括设置在供料通道上的温度检测器，温度检测器用于检测供料通道内密封剂的温度。由于温度检测器可检测供料通道内密封剂的温度，且密封剂在不同温度下的粘度值为已知数据，因此，可通过温度检测器测得的供料通道内密封剂的温度，从而得知密封剂的当前粘度值。
在一些实施例中，填充装置还包括壳体、压料杆以及设置在壳体上的驱动机构；壳体内设有压料通道，压料通道的壁面设有与供料通道连通的开口，以 使供料通道内的密封剂可经由开口进入压料通道；驱动机构用于驱动压料杆在压料通道内做往返运动，以将位于压料通道内的密封剂压出。如此，在供料通道内的密封剂经由开口进入压料通道后，驱动机构可驱动压料杆在压料通道内做往返运动，且可通过驱动机构控制压料杆做往返运动的频率，以控制密封剂挤出的频率和密封剂挤出的量，从而控制在沟槽内密封剂的用量，以更好地实现密封效果。
在一些实施例中，压料杆被配置为在第一预设位置与第二预设位置之间做往返运动；压料杆处于第一预设位置时，压料杆封堵开口、且压料杆的前端位于开口远离驱动机构的一侧；压料杆处于第二预设位置时，压料杆的前端位于开口靠近驱动机构的一侧。如此，当压料杆在第一预设位置与第二预设位置之间做往返运动的过程中，在压料杆封堵开口的时间内，供料通道内的密封剂无法经由开口进入压料通道内，从而避免供料通道一直经由开口向压料通道内供料，进而避免在压料杆未压料时，由于压料通道内的密封剂过多，导致密封剂从压料通道溢出。
在一些实施例中，驱动机构包括与压料杆固定的高频发生器，高频发生器用于驱动压料杆做往返运动。如此，即可通过高频发生器做往返运动，从而带动固定在高频发生器上的压料杆做往返运动。
在一些实施例中，驱动机构还包括拉力件，拉力件位于高频发生器靠近压料杆的一侧，拉力件的一端与壳体固定，拉力件的另一端与高频发生器固定，拉力件用于在高频发生器沿靠近压料通道的方向移动时，对高频发生器提供沿高频发生器靠近压料通道的方向的拉力。在高频发生器沿靠近压料通道的方向移动时，高频发生器带动压料杆将压料通道内的密封剂压出，通过拉力件在此时对高频发生器提供沿高频发生器靠近压料通道的方向的拉力，可增加高频发生器此时驱动压料杆移动的驱动力，从而确保压料杆可将压料通道内的密封剂压出。
在一些实施例中，填充装置还包括设置在壳体上的限位件，限位件位于驱动机构远离压料通道的一侧，限位件用于在压料杆移动时，与驱动机构或压料杆抵接。如此，当驱动机构的至少部分零部件带动压料杆沿远离压料通道的方向移动时，可通过限位件限制驱动机构的至少部分零部件沿远离压料通道 的方向移动的距离，以防止压料杆从压料通道内脱出。
在一些实施例中，限位件可移动地设置在壳体上，以使得限位件在压料杆移动方向上的位置的可调。如此，可以根据不同的沟槽尺寸，设计不同的压料杆移动距离，从而挤出与对应沟槽尺寸相对应的密封剂的填充量。
在一些实施例中，壳体上设有螺纹孔，限位件为螺杆，螺杆与壳体的螺纹孔螺接。如此，即可通过沿限位件周向旋转限位件，调整限位件在压料杆移动方向上的位置。
在一些实施例中，填充装置还包括喷头，喷头固定在壳体上，且位于压料通道远离驱动机构的一端；压料通道经由喷头与壳体外部连通。如此，当需在沟槽内填充密封剂时，可使得喷头正对沟槽，并通过压料杆将压料通道内的密封剂从喷头压出。
在一些实施例中，喷头可拆卸地固定在壳体上。如此，当沟槽宽度与当前固定在壳体上的喷头的口径不匹配时，可将该喷头从壳体上拆卸下来，并更换口径与沟槽宽度匹配的喷头与壳体固定。
在一些实施例中，壳体设有与压料通道连通的容纳腔室，驱动机构位于容纳腔室内。如此，可避免驱动机构与其他零部件发生碰撞，致使驱动机构损坏。
在一些实施例中，容纳腔室的壁面设有排气口，排气口用于排出容纳腔室内的气体。如此，在供料通道向压料通道内供料的过程中，当密封剂中的气体经由供料通道、压料通道流至容纳腔室内后，气体可从排气口排出，从而避免压料杆将气体从压料通道内压出，进而避免填充装置填充在沟槽内的密封剂中含有气体，降低密封效果。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种制造太阳能电池的方法，包括：形成太阳能电池片，太阳能电池片具有背电极以及依次铺设在背电极上的发电层和前电极；在前电极远离背电极的一侧对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽；在沟槽内填充密封剂。如此，在前电极远离背电极的一侧对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽之后，在沟槽内填充密封剂，即可避免水分进入沟槽内，从而减小太阳能电池失效的可能性。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它 目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
通过阅读对下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为本申请一些实施例的用于制造太阳能电池的设备的结构示意图；
图2位本申请一些实施例的填充装置的剖视图；
图3为本申请一些实施例的制造太阳能电池的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
固定支架110；
划线装置120；
填充装置130，供料通道131，加热器132，壳体133，压料杆134，驱动机构135，限位件136，喷头137，容纳腔室138，排气件139；压料通道101，高频发生器102，拉力件103，排气口104；
传动装置140。
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，太阳能电池的运用愈加广泛。在制造太阳能电池的过程中，在形成具有背电极、发电层和前电极的太阳能电池片后， 常需在前电极远离背电极的一侧对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽，从而使得太阳能电池片被切割形成若干子电池单元，进而改善太阳能电池的电压或电流。
本申请发明人注意到，在前电极远离背电极的一侧对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽时，由于形成的沟槽会使得发电层暴漏在外，此时，当水分进入沟槽内与发电层接触时，易致使发电层损坏，从而使得太阳能电池失效。
为了减小太阳能电池失效的可能性，本申请发明人研究发现，可以在前电极远离背电极的一侧对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽后，采用密封剂填充沟槽，避免水分进入沟槽内，从而避免水分致使发电层损坏，进而减小太阳能电池失效的可能性。
基于以上考虑，为了减小太阳能电池失效的可能性，发明人经过深入研究设计了一种用于制造太阳能电池的设备，在利用划线装置对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽，从而使得太阳能电池片被切割形成若干子电池单元之后，利用填充装置将密封剂填充在沟槽内，以避免水分进入沟槽内，进而减小太阳能电池失效的可能性；此外，发明人经过深入研究还设计了一种制造太阳能电池的方法，在前电极远离背电极的一侧对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽之后，在沟槽内填充密封剂，即可避免水分进入沟槽内，从而减小太阳能电池失效的可能性。
参见图1，根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请提供了一种用于制造太阳能电池的设备，包括：固定支架110；划线装置120,设置于固定支架110，划线装置120用于对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽；和填充装置130，设置于固定支架110，填充装置130用于将密封剂填充在沟槽内。
固定支架110为用于固定设备的其他零部件的支架，固定支架110可以是由梁、柱等联结而成的结构。用于制造太阳能电池的设备可置于地面上，也可置于其他设备上。在一实施例中，将固定支架110置于地面上，从而将用于制造太阳能电池的设备置于地面上。在另一实施例中，将固定支架110置于其他设备上，从而将用于制造太阳能电池的设备置于其他设备上，以便于用于 制造太阳能电池的设备与其他设备联合使用。
划线装置120为可对太阳能电池片进行划线处理的装置，经过划线装置120划线处理后的太阳能电池片上会形成沟槽，从而使得太阳能电池片被切割形成若干子电池单元。在一实施例中，划线装置120为激光划线装置。
填充装置130为可将密封剂填充在沟槽内的装置。在一实施例中，填充装置130为注射器。
密封剂具有防水功能，当密封剂被填充在沟槽内后，可避免水分进入沟槽内与发电层接触，从而避免发电层损坏。在一实施例中，密封剂还具有绝缘功能，当密封剂被填充在沟槽内后，以避免位于沟槽两侧的两个子电池单元通过密封剂电连接。在一实施例中，密封剂的粘度值为1cps至15000cps(cps：厘泊·秒)。
用于制造太阳能电池的设备包括：固定支架110；划线装置120,设置于固定支架110，划线装置120用于对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽；和填充装置130，设置于固定支架110，填充装置130用于将密封剂填充在沟槽内。如此，在利用划线装置120对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽，从而使得太阳能电池片被切割形成若干子电池单元之后，可利用填充装置130将密封剂填充在沟槽内，以避免水分进入沟槽内，进而减小太阳能电池失效的可能性。
继续参见图1，根据本申请的一些实施例，填充装置130被配置为与划线装置120同步运动。
如此，即可实现，在利用划线装置120对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽时，同步利用填充装置130在沟槽内填充密封剂，减少沟槽形成后密封剂填入的间隔时间，进一步避免水分进入沟槽内，从而进一步减小太阳能电池失效的可能性。
继续参见图1，根据本申请的一些实施例，设备还包括设置在固定支架110上的传动装置140，传动装置140与划线装置120和填充装置130均连接，并用于带动划线装置120和填充装置130相对于固定支架110移动。
传动装置140与划线装置120和填充装置130均连接，可以是传动装置140与划线装置120直接连接，且传动装置140还与填充装置130直接连接， 也可以是传动装置140与划线装置120和填充装置130中的一者直接连接，划线装置120和填充装置130中的另一者通过划线装置120和填充装置130中的一者与传动装置140连接。当传动装置140与划线装置120直接连接，且传动装置140还与填充装置130直接连接时，传动装置140可设有第一传动装置以及第二传动装置，第一传动装置与划线装置120直接连接，第二传动装置与填充装置130直接连接。
传动装置140可以是机械臂，也可以是滑块与导轨配合形成的滑轨机构，本申请实施例对传动装置140的具体形式不做限定。
将划线装置120和填充装置130均连接至传动装置140，即可使得传动装置140在带动划线装置120和填充装置130移动时，使得划线装置120和填充装置130同步运动。
继续参见图1，并同时参见图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，填充装置130包括用于容纳密封剂的供料通道131。
供料通道131为用于供料的通道，其设有入料口以及出料口。由于填充装置130包括用于容纳密封剂的供料通道131，故可将密封剂经由供料通道131的入料口进入供料通道131内，且由供料通道131的出料口排出并填充在沟槽内，以避免水分进入沟槽内。
在一些实施例中，填充装置130还包括供料泵(图中未示出)，供料泵将密封剂输送至供料通道131的入料口。在一个例子中，供料泵输送密封剂的输入压力可调。如此，可通过调整供料泵的输送压力，从而调整供料通道131单位时间内排除密封剂的体积。其中，供料泵输送密封剂的输入压力可为0Mpa至3Mpa(Mpa:兆帕)。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，填充装置130还包括设置在供料通道131上的加热器132，加热器132用于加热供料通道131内的密封剂。
加热器132为具有加热功能的器件，其可对供料通道131内的密封剂进行加热。在一实施例中，加热器132为电磁加热器。在另一实施例中，加热器132为红外线加热器。在又一实施例中，加热器132为电阻加热器。需要说明的是，本申请实施例对加热器132的具体加热形式不作限制。
加热器132可以设置在供料通道131外，也可以设置在供料通道131内，本申请实施例对加热器132设置的位置不做限定。此外，加热器132的数量可以为一个，也可以为两个，本申请实施例对加热器132的数量亦不做限定。其中，当加热器132设置在供料通道131外时，加热器132的数量可为多个，多个加热器132环绕供料通道131设置。
由于密封剂在不同的温度下具有不同的粘度值，而填充在沟槽内的密封剂需具有特定的粘度值，因此，当位于供料通道131内的密封剂当前的粘度值与所需填充在沟槽内的密封剂的粘度值不同时，可通过加热器加热密封剂的温度以改变该密封剂的粘度值，从而使得该密封剂的粘度值与所需填充在沟槽内的密封剂的粘度值相同。此外，加热密封剂还可提高密封剂的附着力，从而提升密封剂在密封沟槽时的密封效果。
在一实施例中，加热器132可将供料通道131内的密封剂从常温加热至160℃。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，填充装置130还包括设置在供料通道131上的温度检测器(图中未示出)，温度检测器用于检测供料通道131内密封剂的温度。
温度检测器可以设置在供料通道131外，也可以设置在供料通道131内，本申请实施例对温度检测器设置的位置不做限定。由于温度检测器可检测供料通道131内密封剂的温度，且密封剂在不同温度下的粘度值为已知数据，因此，可通过温度检测器测得的供料通道131内密封剂的温度，从而得知密封剂的当前粘度值。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，填充装置130还包括壳体133、压料杆134以及设置在壳体133上的驱动机构135；壳体133内设有压料通道101，压料通道101的壁面设有与供料通道131连通的开口，以使供料通道131内的密封剂可经由开口进入压料通道101；驱动机构135用于驱动压料杆134在压料通道101内做往返运动，以将位于压料通道101内的密封剂压出。
驱动机构135的至少部分零部件可做往返运动，且该至少部分零部件与压料杆134连接。如此，当驱动机构135的至少部分零部件做往返运动时， 即可带动压料杆134在压料通道101内做往返运动。
如此，在供料通道131内的密封剂经由开口进入压料通道101后，驱动机构135可驱动压料杆134在压料通道101内做往返运动，且可通过驱动机构135控制压料杆134做往返运动的频率，以控制密封剂挤出的频率和密封剂挤出的量，从而控制在沟槽内密封剂的用量，以更好地实现密封效果。具体的，在一实施例中，驱动机构135驱动压料杆134在一秒内往返运动次数可调。如此，则可通过驱动机构135控制压料杆134做往返运动的频率。其中，驱动机构135驱动压料杆134在一秒内往返运动次数可为100次至1000次。
在一实施例中，压料杆134的前端伸入压料通道101内，压料杆134的后端与驱动机构135连接。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，压料杆134被配置为在第一预设位置与第二预设位置之间做往返运动；压料杆134处于第一预设位置时，压料杆134封堵开口、且压料杆134的前端位于开口远离驱动机构135的一侧；压料杆134处于第二预设位置时，压料杆134的前端位于开口靠近驱动机构135的一侧。
如此，当压料杆134在第一预设位置与第二预设位置之间做往返运动的过程中，在压料杆134封堵开口的时间内，供料通道131内的密封剂无法经由开口进入压料通道101内，从而避免供料通道131一直经由开口向压料通道101内供料，进而避免在压料杆134未压料时，由于压料通道101内的密封剂过多，导致密封剂从压料通道101溢出。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，驱动机构135包括与压料杆134固定的高频发生器102，高频发生器102用于驱动压料杆134做往返运动。
如此，即可通过高频发生器102做往返运动，从而带动固定在高频发生器102上的压料杆134做往返运动。在一实施例中，高频发生器102为压电陶瓷。在另一实施例中，高频发生器102为晶体管震荡发生器。需要说明的是，本申请实施例对高频发生器102的具体结构不做限定。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，驱动机构135还包括 拉力件103，拉力件103位于高频发生器102靠近压料杆134的一侧，拉力件103的一端与壳体133固定，拉力件103的另一端与高频发生器102固定，拉力件103用于在高频发生器102沿靠近压料通道101的方向移动时，对高频发生器102提供沿高频发生器102靠近压料通道101的方向的拉力。
在高频发生器102沿靠近压料通道101的方向移动时，高频发生器102带动压料杆134将压料通道101内的密封剂压出，通过拉力件103在此时对高频发生器102提供沿高频发生器102靠近压料通道101的方向的拉力，可增加高频发生器102此时驱动压料杆134移动的驱动力，从而确保压料杆134可将压料通道101内的密封剂压出。
在一实施例中，拉力件103为拉簧。如此，在高频发生器102沿远离压料通道101的方向移动时，拉簧产生形变；在高频发生器102沿靠近压料通道101的方向移动时，拉簧逐渐恢复形变并对高频发生器102提供沿高频发生器102靠近压料通道101的方向的拉力。
在另一实施例中，拉力件103为阻尼器。如此，在高频发生器102沿远离压料通道101的方向移动时，阻尼器阻碍高频发生器102移动；在高频发生器102沿靠近压料通道101的方向移动时，阻尼器逐渐恢复初始状态并对高频发生器102提供沿高频发生器102靠近压料通道101的方向的拉力。需要说明的是，本申请实施例对拉力件103的具体结构不做限定。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，填充装置130还包括设置在壳体133上的限位件136，限位件136位于驱动机构135远离压料通道101的一侧，限位件136用于在压料杆134移动时，与驱动机构135或压料杆134抵接。
如此，当驱动机构135的至少部分零部件带动压料杆134沿远离压料通道101的方向移动时，可通过限位件136限制驱动机构135的至少部分零部件沿远离压料通道101的方向移动的距离，以防止压料杆134从压料通道101内脱出。在一实施例中，驱动机构135包括与压料杆134连接的高频发生器102，限位件136用于与高频发生器102或压料杆134抵接，以限制高频发生器102沿远离压料通道101的方向移动的距离，以防止压料杆134从压料通道101内脱出。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，限位件136可移动地设置在壳体133上，以使得限位件136在压料杆134移动方向上的位置的可调。
如此，可以根据不同的沟槽尺寸，设计不同的压料杆134移动距离，从而挤出与对应沟槽尺寸相对应的密封剂的填充量。
在一实施例中，压料杆134被配置为在第一预设位置与第二预设位置之间做往返运动；压料杆134处于第一预设位置时，压料杆134封堵开口、且压料杆134的前端位于开口远离驱动机构135的一侧；压料杆134处于第二预设位置时，压料杆134的前端位于开口靠近驱动机构135的一侧。
如此，可通过调整限位件136在压料杆134移动方向上的位置，来调整第二预设位置所处的位置。具体的，由于第一预设位置所处的位置不变，当第二预设位置沿远离第一预设位置的方向移动时，可增加压料杆134未封堵开口的时间，以增加经由开口进入压料通道101内的密封剂的体积，还同时增加压料杆134从第二预设位置移动至第一预设位置的位移，以增加压料杆134压出密封剂的体积，从而增加压料杆134单次往返运动所压出密封剂的体积，以增加填充装置130填充在沟槽内的密封剂的填充量；而当第二预设位置沿靠近第一预设位置的方向移动时，可减少压料杆134未封堵开口的时间，以减少经由开口进入压料通道101内的密封剂的体积，还同时减少压料杆134从第二预设位置移动至第一预设位置的位移，以减少压料杆134压出密封剂的体积，从而减少压料杆134单次往返运动所压出密封剂的体积，以减少填充装置130填充在沟槽内的密封剂的填充量。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，壳体133上设有螺纹孔，限位件136为螺杆，螺杆与壳体133的螺纹孔螺接。
如此，即可通过沿限位件136周向旋转限位件136，调整限位件136在压料杆134移动方向上的位置。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，填充装置130还包括喷头137，喷头137固定在壳体133上，且位于压料通道101远离驱动机构135的一端；压料通道101经由喷头137与壳体133外部连通。
如此，当需在沟槽内填充密封剂时，可使得喷头137正对沟槽，并通过 压料杆134将压料通道101内的密封剂从喷头137压出。
在一实施例中，喷头137的口径可调。如此，可通过调整喷头137的口径，以使得沟槽宽度与喷头137当前的口径匹配，即经由喷头137排出的密封剂填充在沟槽内后，密封剂在沟槽宽度方向上覆盖沟槽且不从沟槽内溢出。在一个例子中，喷头137的口径可从0.1mm调节至1mm(mm：毫米)。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，喷头137可拆卸地固定在壳体133上。
在一实施例中，喷头137通过螺纹螺接等可拆卸连接方式固定在壳体133上。
如此，当沟槽宽度与当前固定在壳体133上的喷头137的口径不匹配时，可将该喷头137从壳体133上拆卸下来，并更换口径与沟槽宽度匹配的喷头137和壳体133固定。
其中，沟槽宽度与当前固定在壳体133上的喷头137的口径不匹配是指，经由喷头137排出的密封剂填充在沟槽内后，密封剂在沟槽宽度方向上无法覆盖沟槽，或密封剂在沟槽宽度方向上覆盖沟槽且从沟槽内溢出；而沟槽宽度与当前固定在壳体133上的喷头137的口径匹配是指，经由喷头137排出的密封剂填充在沟槽内后，密封剂在沟槽宽度方向上覆盖沟槽且不从沟槽内溢出。
在一实施例中，喷头137的数量可以为多个，多个喷头137的口径均不相同，多个喷头137中的一者可拆卸地固定在壳体133上。在一个例子中，多个喷头137的口径均不小于0.1mm且不大于1mm。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，壳体133设有与压料通道101连通的容纳腔室138，驱动机构135位于容纳腔室138内。
如此，可避免驱动机构135与其他零部件发生碰撞，致使驱动机构135损坏。
继续参见图1与图2，根据本申请的一些实施例，容纳腔室138的壁面设有排气口104，排气口104用于排出由容纳腔室138内的气体。
如此，在供料通道131向压料通道101内供料的过程中，当密封剂中的气体经由供料通道131、压料通道101流至容纳腔室138内后，气体可从排 气口104排出，从而避免压料杆134将气体从压料通道101内压出，进而避免填充装置130填充在沟槽内的密封剂中含有气体，降低密封效果。
在一实施例中，填充装置130还包括设置在壳体133上的排气件139，容纳腔室138经由排气口104以及排气件139与容纳腔室138外部连通。当填充装置130在使用时，排气件139处于常开状态，即容纳腔室138可经由排气口104以及排气件139与容纳腔室138外部连通；而当填充装置130未使用时，排气件139可处于关闭状态，即排气件139断开容纳腔室138与容纳腔室138的外部的连通。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参见图1与图2，本申请提供了一种用于制造太阳能电池的设备，包括：固定支架110，设置在固定支架110上的传动装置140，以及均与传动装置140连接的划线装置120和填充装置130；划线装置120用于对太阳能电池片进行划线；填充装置130用于将密封剂填充在沟槽内。
参见图3，根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种制造太阳能电池的方法，包括：
S101：形成太阳能电池片，太阳能电池片具有背电极以及依次铺设在背电极上的发电层和前电极。
具体的，本步骤形成的太阳能电池片为薄膜太阳能电池片。其中，发电层可包括依次铺设在背电极上的空穴层、钙钛矿层和电子传输层。背电极的材质可以为铜，前电极的材质可以为ITO(ITO:氧化铟锡)。
在一实施例中，在形成背电极后，先对背电极进行划线处理，以在背电极上形成沟槽，从而使得背电极被切割形成若干子背电极单元，再在背电极上形成发电层，且在对发电层远离背电极的一侧对发电层进行划线处理，以在发电层上形成沟槽，从而使得发电层被切割形成若干子发电单元，最后再在发电层远离背电极的一侧形成前电极，进而形成太阳能电池片。其中，在背电极上形成的沟槽在背电极顶面上的正投影区域为第一区域，在发电层上形成的沟槽在背电极顶面上的正投影区域为第二区域，第一区域与第二区域不重合。
S102：在前电极远离背电极的一侧对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳 能电池片上形成沟槽。
具体的，可利用前述实施例中的划线装置在前电极远离背电极的一侧对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽，从而将太阳能电池片切割形成若干子电池单元。
在一实施例中，在前电极远离背电极的一侧对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在太阳能电池片上形成沟槽，并露出发电层，该沟槽在背电极顶面上的正投影区域为第三区域，第三区域与第二区域重合。
S103：在沟槽内填充密封剂。
具体的，可利用前述实施例中的填充装置在沟槽内填充密封剂。如此，即可避免水分进入沟槽内，从而避免水分致使发电层损坏，进而减小太阳能电池失效的可能性。
此外，由于在沟槽内填充密封剂，可避免水分进入沟槽内，故可有利于钙钛矿晶粒的生长，从而提升太阳能电池的载流子迁移率和寿命。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。
Claims (18)
- 一种用于制造太阳能电池的设备，其特征在于，包括：固定支架；划线装置,设置于所述固定支架，所述划线装置用于对太阳能电池片进行划线，以在所述太阳能电池片上形成沟槽；和填充装置，设置于所述固定支架，所述填充装置用于将密封剂填充在所述沟槽内。
- 如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述填充装置被配置为与所述划线装置同步运动。
- 如权利要求2所述的设备，其特征在于，所述设备还包括设置在所述固定支架上的传动装置，所述传动装置与所述划线装置和所述填充装置均连接，并用于带动所述划线装置和所述填充装置相对于所述固定支架移动。
- 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述填充装置包括用于容纳所述密封剂的供料通道。
- 如权利要求4所述的设备，其特征在于，所述填充装置还包括设置在所述供料通道上的加热器，所述加热器用于加热所述供料通道内的密封剂。
- 如权利要求5所述的设备，其特征在于，所述填充装置还包括设置在所述供料通道上的温度检测器，所述温度检测器用于检测所述供料通道内密封剂的温度。
- 如权利要求4-6任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述填充装置还包括壳体、压料杆以及设置在所述壳体上的驱动机构；所述壳体内设有压料通道，所述压料通道的壁面设有与所述供料通道连通的开口，以使所述供料通道内的密封剂可经由所述开口进入所述压料通道；所述驱动机构用于驱动所述压料杆在所述压料通道内做往返运动，以将位于所述压料通道内的密封剂压出。
- 如权利要求7所述的设备，其特征在于，所述压料杆被配置为在第一预设位置与第二预设位置之间做往返运动；所述压料杆处于所述第一预设位置时，所述压料杆封堵所述开口、且所述压料杆的前端位于所述开口远离所述驱动机 构的一侧；所述压料杆处于所述第二预设位置时，所述压料杆的前端位于所述开口靠近所述驱动机构的一侧。
- 如权利要求7或8所述的设备，其特征在于，所述驱动机构包括与所述压料杆固定的高频发生器，所述高频发生器用于驱动所述压料杆做往返运动。
- 如权利要求9所述的设备，其特征在于，所述驱动机构还包括拉力件，所述拉力件位于所述高频发生器靠近所述压料杆的一侧，所述拉力件的一端与所述壳体固定，所述拉力件的另一端与所述高频发生器固定，所述拉力件用于在所述高频发生器沿靠近所述压料通道的方向移动时，对所述高频发生器提供沿所述高频发生器靠近所述压料通道的方向的拉力。
- 如权利要求7-10任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述填充装置还包括设置在所述壳体上的限位件，所述限位件位于所述驱动机构远离所述压料通道的一侧，所述限位件用于在所述压料杆移动时，与所述驱动机构或所述压料杆抵接。
- 如权利要求11所述的设备，其特征在于，所述限位件可移动地设置在所述壳体上，以使得所述限位件在所述压料杆移动方向上的位置的可调。
- 如权利要求12所述的设备，其特征在于，所述壳体上设有螺纹孔，所述限位件为螺杆，所述螺杆与所述壳体的所述螺纹孔螺接。
- 如权利要求7-13任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述填充装置还包括喷头，所述喷头固定在所述壳体上，且位于所述压料通道远离所述驱动机构的一端；所述压料通道经由所述喷头与所述壳体外部连通。
- 如权利要求14所述的设备，其特征在于，所述喷头可拆卸地固定在所述壳体上。
- 如权利要求7-15任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述壳体设有与所述压料通道连通的容纳腔室，所述驱动机构位于所述容纳腔室内。
- 如权利要求16所述的设备，其特征在于，所述容纳腔室的壁面设有排气口，所述排气口用于排出所述容纳腔室内的气体。
- 一种制造太阳能电池的方法，其特征在于，包括：形成太阳能电池片，所述太阳能电池片具有背电极以及依次铺设在所述背电极上的发电层和前电极；在所述前电极远离所述背电极的一侧对所述太阳能电池片进行划线，以在所述太阳能电池片上形成沟槽；在所述沟槽内填充密封剂。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11204553A (ja) * | 1998-01-08 | 1999-07-30 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 封止装置、及びその定量塗布方法 |
| CN102593238A (zh) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-07-18 | 上方能源技术(杭州)有限公司 | 用于薄膜太阳能电池的激光划线方法及其设备 |
| CN103119731A (zh) * | 2010-09-25 | 2013-05-22 | 万佳雷射有限公司 | 用于将薄膜器件划分为单独的单元格的方法和设备 |
| KR20140052213A (ko) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 주식회사 포스코 | 태양전지의 모듈화 방법 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11204553A (ja) * | 1998-01-08 | 1999-07-30 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 封止装置、及びその定量塗布方法 |
| CN103119731A (zh) * | 2010-09-25 | 2013-05-22 | 万佳雷射有限公司 | 用于将薄膜器件划分为单独的单元格的方法和设备 |
| CN102593238A (zh) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-07-18 | 上方能源技术(杭州)有限公司 | 用于薄膜太阳能电池的激光划线方法及其设备 |
| KR20140052213A (ko) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 주식회사 포스코 | 태양전지의 모듈화 방법 |
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