WO2023087889A1 - Procédé et appareil de chargement, dispositif informatique et support d'enregistrement - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de chargement, dispositif informatique et support d'enregistrement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023087889A1
WO2023087889A1 PCT/CN2022/119809 CN2022119809W WO2023087889A1 WO 2023087889 A1 WO2023087889 A1 WO 2023087889A1 CN 2022119809 W CN2022119809 W CN 2022119809W WO 2023087889 A1 WO2023087889 A1 WO 2023087889A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
negative electrode
current
charging
electrode potential
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PCT/CN2022/119809
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谢红斌
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Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
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Publication of WO2023087889A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023087889A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to a charging method, device, computer equipment and storage medium.
  • the battery charging technologies in the prior art generally include constant current and constant voltage charging, multi-stage constant current charging, pulse charging and other technologies.
  • the existing charging technologies are difficult to ensure both charging speed and battery life.
  • the present application provides a charging method, the method comprising:
  • battery parameters are acquired; the battery parameters include at least one of battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage;
  • the present application also provides a charging method, which includes:
  • the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, power capacity and open circuit voltage
  • the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process.
  • the present application also provides a charging device, which includes:
  • the obtaining module is used to obtain battery parameters during the charging process of the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage;
  • a determining module configured to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential
  • the control module is used to reduce the charging current of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is lower than the potential threshold; to increase the charging current of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process .
  • the present application also provides a charging device, which includes:
  • An acquisition module configured to acquire multiple values of battery parameters and the negative electrode potential of the battery during the process of discharging the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity, and open circuit voltage;
  • the determining module is used to determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential according to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not Potential threshold exceeded.
  • the present application also provides a computer device.
  • the computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the methods provided in the first aspect and the second aspect when executing the computer program.
  • the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium has a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the methods provided in the first aspect and the second aspect are realized.
  • the present application further provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the methods provided in the first aspect and the second aspect are implemented.
  • Fig. 1 is an application environment diagram of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the battery current and the negative electrode potential in one embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between battery current and charging time in an embodiment
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment
  • Fig. 17 is a structural block diagram of a charging device in an embodiment
  • Fig. 18 is a structural block diagram of a charging device in an embodiment
  • Figure 19 is a diagram of the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment.
  • first, second and the like used in this application may be used to describe various elements herein, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element.
  • a first client could be termed a second client, and, similarly, a second client could be termed a first client, without departing from the scope of the present application.
  • Both the first client and the second client are clients, but they are not the same client.
  • the electrodes of the battery are polarized during charging, and the electrode potential deviates from the equilibrium potential.
  • the difference between the polarization potential and the equilibrium potential is the overpotential.
  • the overpotential of the negative electrode is lower than 0V vs. Li/Li+, lithium metal will be precipitated on the surface of the negative electrode, which will damage the performance of the battery, and may cause safety accidents such as thermal runaway in severe cases.
  • Some commonly used battery charging methods include: constant current and constant voltage charging, that is, first charge the battery to the cut-off voltage with a constant current, and then charge the battery to the cut-off current with a constant voltage. The efficiency is low. Still taking lithium-ion electronics as an example, charging lithium-ion by constant current and constant-voltage charging method may easily cause lithium-ion deposition at the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery or overcharging of the battery, thereby damaging the battery life.
  • the commonly used battery charging method is multi-stage constant current charging, including charging the battery after pre-setting the charging current and charging cut-off voltage of each stage. Batteries are less versatile.
  • the commonly used battery charging method is pulse charging, including controlling the charging process by adjusting the duration and amplitude of the pulse charging current to increase the charging rate. However, based on existing technical research, the impact of pulse on battery life is still controversial.
  • the electrode potential is a very important reference quantity, which is directly related to the side reactions of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery.
  • the overpotential of the anode is lower than 0V vs. Li/Li+
  • lithium precipitation occurs on the surface of the anode, which seriously affects charging safety and battery life.
  • Whether the negative electrode decomposes lithium can be judged by whether the overpotential of the negative pole is lower than the critical potential of lithium desorption. Monitoring and controlling the overpotential of the negative pole during the charging process can effectively avoid the occurrence of side reactions such as lithium desorption at the negative pole, and realize the safe and fast charging of lithium-ion batteries. .
  • the terminal voltage of a commercial Li-ion battery can be obtained, but the negative potential inside the battery cannot be obtained.
  • the commonly used lithium-ion battery electrochemical model can also achieve the purpose of predicting the internal potential.
  • the model of the lithium-ion battery electrochemical model is complex and computationally intensive, and it is difficult to be practical for the battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application environment of a battery charging method in an embodiment.
  • the application environment includes a terminal 102 and a charging device 104
  • the terminal 102 is a device with a communication function
  • the terminal 102 can communicate with the charging device 104 through the network
  • the charging device 104 can charge the terminal 102 .
  • the terminal 102 may be, but not limited to, various personal computers, notebook computers, smart phones, tablet computers, portable wearable devices, and other terminals that require charging, such as automobiles.
  • Charging device 104 can be various models of chargers and charging piles.
  • charging device 104 when charging device 104 is a charging pile and terminal 102 is a car, the charging pile can be used to charge the car; charging device 104 can also be a mobile power supply, or a notebook Computers, tablet computers, etc. can have terminals with charging functions. It can be understood that if the charging device 104 is a terminal, for example, when the charging device 104 is a notebook computer and the terminal 102 is a smartphone, the notebook computer can be used to charge the smartphone. For another example, when the charging device 104 is a notebook computer and the terminal 102 is a smart watch, the notebook computer may be used to charge the smart watch.
  • a charging method is provided, which is described by taking the method applied to the terminal in FIG. 1 as the execution body as an example, including the following steps:
  • Step 201 in the process of charging the battery, acquire battery parameters; the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage.
  • the battery can be any kind of rechargeable battery, for example, mobile phone battery, car battery, etc., and the type of battery can also be lithium ion battery, lithium polymer battery, etc., and this embodiment does not limit the type of this battery.
  • Battery parameters refer to the parameters that are coupled to the charging effect of the battery during the charging process of the battery, for example, the voltage, power, open circuit voltage, current, internal resistance, temperature, etc. certain influence.
  • the terminal can detect whether the battery has a charging current through the detection circuit, and if there is a charging current, determine that the battery of the terminal is in the charging state, and when the battery is in the charging state, obtain the battery parameters of the battery through the detection circuit, For example, the battery capacity, current, and voltage are obtained, or the positive and negative potentials of the battery are obtained through the detection circuit, so that the open circuit voltage of the battery can be determined according to the difference between the positive and negative potentials, and so on.
  • the terminal may obtain the battery parameters of the battery in real time, or may obtain the battery parameters of the battery according to a certain frequency. Further, after acquiring the battery parameters, the terminal may store the battery parameters in a designated memory.
  • Step 202 Determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential.
  • the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential can be a two-dimensional correspondence, for example, including the two-dimensional correspondence between the battery power and the negative electrode potential, the correspondence between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential, the voltage and the negative electrode potential
  • the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential can also be a multi-dimensional corresponding relationship, exemplary, including the three-dimensional corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage, the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential, the temperature, the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.
  • the three-dimensional corresponding relationship, or the multi-dimensional corresponding relationship among temperature, voltage, electric quantity, open-circuit voltage, and negative electrode potential is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the correspondence (two-dimensional correspondence and/or multi-dimensional correspondence) between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential may be stored in a storage unit of the terminal.
  • it may be stored in a storage unit in the form of a data table or a database.
  • data tables or databases may be constructed during terminal design, production and/or testing phases.
  • the battery parameter is used as an example to describe the electric quantity.
  • the terminal can determine the current value corresponding to each battery electric quantity according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity of each battery and the potential of the negative electrode according to the electric quantity of each battery obtained during the charging process of the battery. negative potential.
  • the terminal can determine the battery power of each battery at different temperatures according to the corresponding relationship between the battery power and the negative electrode potential according to the battery power obtained during the battery charging process.
  • the current negative electrode potential corresponding to the electric quantity.
  • the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential can be determined by testing and simulating the sample battery in advance.
  • charge test and discharge test can be performed on the sample battery, and the negative electrode potential of the sample battery under various battery parameters can be obtained during the charging and discharging process of the battery, so as to form a multi-dimensional corresponding relationship between the battery parameter and the negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal can obtain the negative electrode potential of the sample battery under each power level during the charging and discharging process of the sample battery, thereby forming a multi-dimensional correspondence between battery parameters and negative electrode potential , which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • "current” may be the time when the battery parameters are acquired.
  • Battery parameters can be acquired at preset time intervals. For example, fetch every 1 second, fetch every 0.5 seconds, or fetch every 2 seconds.
  • a "current" negative electrode potential can be obtained every 1 second.
  • the "current” may also be slightly behind or ahead of the moment of obtaining battery parameters, for example, lagging behind or exceeding 0.1s or 0.01s.
  • the time interval for obtaining battery parameters can be adjusted (increased or decreased), for example, adjusted according to the duration of battery use or the state of the battery, when the battery use time exceeds 1 year or longer, decrease or Increase the time interval.
  • Step 203 When the current negative electrode potential is lower than the potential threshold, reduce the charging current of the battery; when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, increase the battery charging current so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during charging.
  • the potential threshold value is determined based on the critical potential generated by the polarization reaction of the battery by conducting a simulation test on the battery according to the property parameters of each type of battery.
  • the potential threshold is a safety threshold to ensure safe/effective charging of the battery.
  • the potential threshold can be set to 0V, or a value lower than 0V, such as -20mV, -10mV, etc.
  • the potential threshold can also be in a range, for example, 0V-0.2V, -0.2V-0V, -10mV--5mV and so on.
  • the charging current is controlled so that the negative battery of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process.
  • “Not exceeding" may mean not greater than or not less than, and may also mean not greater than or not less than the potential threshold value increased or decreased by a certain value. For example, not more than or not less than (potential threshold ⁇ 0.1 mV).
  • the potential threshold can be dynamically adjusted during charging. For example, when the selected charging parameters are different, the corresponding potential thresholds are different, and the potential thresholds can be adjusted. Alternatively, the potential threshold is increased or decreased according to the number of times of charging cycles or the duration of use of the battery. For example, when the number of charging cycles of the battery reaches A times, the potential threshold can be increased by a certain value.
  • the battery parameters that affect the battery charging also include many other parameters, such as battery temperature, internal resistance, current and so on. It should be understood that battery parameters such as temperature, internal resistance, and current may also be associated with the negative electrode potential and stored. The corresponding relationship between battery parameters and negative electrode potential can be selected according to needs, for example, select any one or more of the battery’s power, voltage, current, open circuit voltage, temperature, and internal resistance to establish a corresponding relationship with the negative electrode potential .
  • the corresponding potential thresholds may be different.
  • the potential threshold can also be dynamically adjusted. For example, when the battery parameter is power, the potential threshold is -2mv when the power is 10%-20%, and the adjusted potential threshold is 0mv when the power is 50%-70%.
  • the potential threshold is -10mv when the voltage is 3V-4.2V, and the potential threshold is 0mv when the voltage is 4.2V-4.4V.
  • the terminal determines the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, thereby determining the state of the battery according to the magnitude relationship between the current negative electrode potential and the potential threshold, and controls the battery's
  • the charging current increases or decreases.
  • the terminal determines that the potential of the negative electrode is less than the potential threshold, it can control the charging current to decrease, so that the potential of the negative electrode increases to within the range corresponding to the potential threshold; when the terminal determines that the potential of the negative electrode is greater than the potential threshold, it can The charging current is controlled to increase so that the potential of the negative electrode decreases to be within the range corresponding to the potential threshold.
  • the terminal can control the increase or decrease of the charging current of the battery through a preset control algorithm, wherein the control algorithm includes proportional-integral-differential control (Proportion Integral Differential, PID) Algorithm, least square method, Kalman filter algorithm, Romberg observer, predictive control algorithm, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment.
  • PID proportional-integral-differential control
  • the terminal obtains the battery parameters during the charging process of the battery, determines the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, and reduces the charging of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is lower than the potential threshold.
  • Current when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, increase the charging current of the battery so that the negative electrode potential of the battery is within the range corresponding to the potential threshold.
  • the battery parameter includes at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage.
  • the application can separate the positive and negative characteristics of the battery during battery charging, provide key signals inside the battery, and obtain the negative electrode potential of the battery in real time, realizing a closed-loop Negative electrode potential real-time prediction, after obtaining the current negative electrode potential of the battery, according to the size of the current negative electrode potential and the potential threshold, when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, increase the charging current in time, and when the current negative electrode potential is less than the potential threshold
  • the charging potential is reduced in time to realize the dynamic adjustment of the closed-loop charging current, and the dynamic adjustment of the charging current makes the current negative potential within the range corresponding to the preset potential threshold, ensuring that the negative potential of the battery will not appear overpotential In this way, the impact on battery life and battery safety caused by excessive negative potential of the battery is avoided, so that the battery can exert its maximum charging capacity within the safe range that its battery life and battery safety are not affected by the negative potential of the battery, that is, , this
  • the terminal executes the above step 202, and determines the current negative potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative potential, including any of the following situations:
  • the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset correspondence between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.
  • Each of the current electric quantities so as to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to each current electric quantity according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.
  • the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset correspondence between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal can obtain each current open circuit voltage of the battery during the charging process of the battery.
  • the terminal can set multiple open-circuit states of the battery to calculate the current open-circuit voltage in each open-circuit state. The corresponding relationship between the voltage and the negative electrode potential determines the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to the open circuit voltage in each open circuit state.
  • the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the voltage and the negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset correspondence between the voltage and the negative electrode potential.
  • Each of the current voltages so as to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to each current voltage according to the corresponding relationship between the voltage and the negative electrode potential.
  • determining the current negative electrode potential of the battery also includes any of the following:
  • the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the temperature, the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset temperature, the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal can Each current electric quantity of the battery at different temperatures is obtained, so as to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to each current electric quantity at different temperatures according to the corresponding relationship between the temperature, the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.
  • the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the temperature, the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset temperature, the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal can obtain each open circuit voltage of the battery during the battery charging process. Voltage, since the open circuit voltage is calculated according to the potential difference between the positive and negative poles of the battery in the open circuit state, during the charging process of the battery, the terminal can set multiple open circuit states of the battery at different temperatures, so as to calculate the voltage of each open circuit state at different temperatures According to the corresponding relationship between temperature, open circuit voltage and negative electrode potential, the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to the open circuit voltage in each open circuit state at different temperatures is determined.
  • the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between temperature, voltage and negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset corresponding relationship between temperature, voltage and negative electrode potential. Each current voltage of the battery at different temperatures is obtained, so as to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to each voltage at different temperatures according to the corresponding relationship between temperature, voltage and negative electrode potential.
  • the temperature can be the temperature of the environment where the battery is located, and the terminal can obtain the temperature value of the environment where the battery is located through a temperature sensor; the temperature can also be the temperature of the battery itself, and the terminal can obtain the temperature of the battery through a temperature sensor installed inside the battery.
  • the temperature value is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the terminal can determine the current negative potential of the battery during the charging process according to the preset correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative potential.
  • the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative potential is relatively simple. , avoiding the calculation deviation of the negative electrode potential due to complex calculations, and improving the calculation efficiency of determining the negative electrode potential of the battery during charging.
  • the multidimensional relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential is established according to the battery parameters. The multidimensional relationship can more accurately express the actual state of the battery, making the negative electrode potential obtained according to the multidimensional relationship more accurate.
  • one of the optional implementation methods for the terminal to determine the current negative potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative potential, as shown in Figure 3, includes:
  • Step 301 determine the current battery overpotential according to the current battery capacity.
  • the battery overpotential is used to represent the point deviation between the battery in the open circuit state and the state of the energized current.
  • the terminal may determine the current battery overpotential according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the overpotential.
  • the relationship between the amount of electricity and the overpotential can be pre-built by the terminal, for example, the terminal can obtain the open circuit voltage of the battery under each amount of electricity, and the measured voltage corresponding to each amount of electricity during the charging process of the battery with a certain charging current , according to the open circuit voltage, the measured voltage, and the corresponding charging current under each electric quantity, determine the current battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity.
  • the current open circuit voltage of the battery is determined according to the current capacity of the battery; the current overpotential of the battery is determined according to the current open circuit voltage.
  • the terminal may acquire the open-circuit voltage of the battery under different electric quantities of the battery, so that there is a corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the open-circuit voltage.
  • the terminal obtains the measured voltage of the battery corresponding to the open circuit voltage, thereby obtaining the overpotential of the battery according to the open circuit voltage and the measured voltage, thereby constructing a corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the overpotential of the battery.
  • the terminal After constructing the above corresponding relationship, after the terminal obtains the current battery power, it can determine the current battery corresponding to the current power according to the corresponding relationship between the power and the open circuit voltage, and the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the battery overpotential.
  • the overpotential is not limited in this embodiment.
  • Step 302 Determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential.
  • the proportional relationship between the overpotential of the battery and the overpotential of the negative electrode refers to the ratio between the overpotential of the negative electrode and the overpotential of the battery.
  • the terminal calculates the current negative electrode overpotential of the battery according to the ratio between the negative electrode overpotential and the battery overpotential, and then determines the current negative electrode potential according to the current negative electrode overpotential.
  • an optional embodiment of determining the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential, as shown in FIG. 4 includes:
  • Step 401 according to the proportional relationship between the overpotential of the battery and the overpotential of the negative electrode, the current negative electrode overpotential of the battery is obtained.
  • the terminal can calculate the current negative electrode overpotential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential and the battery overpotential, for example, the ratio of the battery overpotential to the negative electrode overpotential
  • the product of the overpotential and the overpotential of the battery is the current negative overpotential of the battery.
  • Step 402 Determine the current negative open-circuit voltage of the battery according to the correspondence between the electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage.
  • the terminal can determine the current negative open circuit voltage of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open circuit voltage. , to obtain the negative open-circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity, wherein, the terminal can refer to the reference electrode in the battery, and obtain the current negative open-circuit voltage under each electric quantity according to the parameter electrode and the negative electrode; or, the terminal can also disassemble the complete battery, Assemble the negative electrode, diaphragm, lithium sheet, and electrolyte into a negative electrode half-cell, and obtain the corresponding negative electrode open circuit voltage under each electric quantity based on the negative electrode half cell, so as to form the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode open circuit voltage.
  • This embodiment does not discuss this Do limited.
  • Step 403 according to the current negative electrode overpotential and the current negative electrode open circuit voltage of the battery, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is obtained.
  • the terminal can determine the current negative potential of the battery by calculating the difference between the open circuit voltage and the negative overpotential after obtaining the negative overpotential and the negative open circuit voltage under the current power level, which is not limited in this embodiment .
  • the terminal can separate the characteristics of the negative electrode of the battery according to the correspondence between the multiple parameters constructed, so as to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to the battery power according to the battery power and the battery overpotential, and further can According to the potential of the negative electrode, the control of the charging current of the battery is realized, and the safe and fast charging of the battery is realized.
  • the terminal can obtain the battery parameters of the battery in real time. Exemplarily, in an optional embodiment, it includes:
  • the terminal can directly charge the battery with the first charging current.
  • the charging of the battery is in a stable state, for example, the charging time of the battery reaches the preset time, or the measured voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, it is considered that the battery It is already in a stable state.
  • the terminal obtains battery parameters of the battery, for example, obtains multiple electric quantities, multiple measured voltages, and multiple temperature values of the battery.
  • Step 501 after charging the battery with the first charging current for a preset duration or a preset voltage, adjust the first charging current to the second charging current to charge the battery;
  • the second charging current may be a current after the size of the first charging current is adjusted; it may also be a new charging current re-input after the first charging current is cut off and the current is adjusted.
  • the first charging current is determined according to the actual attribute parameters of the battery. Generally, the first charging current is smaller than the second charging current.
  • the purpose of the terminal charging the battery with the first charging current is to make the battery have a certain amount of power. , after the battery is in a charging stable state, the battery parameters of the battery are obtained, therefore, the first charging current may be a smaller set current, for example, 2A.
  • the charging current is adjusted to a larger second charging current to charge the battery.
  • the preset duration here may be several seconds or several minutes, which is not limited here.
  • Step 502 during the process of charging the battery with the second charging current, battery parameters are acquired.
  • the battery parameters of the battery can be acquired according to a certain acquisition frequency, and the battery parameters of the battery can also be acquired in real time.
  • the terminal can obtain the battery parameters in real time or according to the preset frequency during the process of charging with the second charging current.
  • battery parameters are obtained according to a certain frequency, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the abscissa of Fig. 6 represents the charging time of the battery
  • the ordinate represents the negative electrode potential of the battery
  • the abscissa of Fig. 7 represents the charging time of the battery
  • the ordinate represents the charging current of the battery.
  • the first charging current is used to charge the battery.
  • the second charging current is used to charge the battery.
  • the voltage of the battery is collected, and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery is determined according to the voltage of the battery.
  • the second charging current is controlled according to the negative electrode potential of the battery to decrease, the feedback can be seen in Figure 6 that the negative electrode potential of the battery has been maintained at about 0mV, and in the later stage of the second charging As the current decreases, the potential of the negative electrode of the battery rises slowly, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of lithium precipitation in the battery.
  • the terminal first charges the battery with a small first charging current for a period of time, so that the battery has a certain amount of power, and then adjusts the charging current to a larger second charging current to obtain the voltage of the battery, so that the battery In the fast charging environment, obtain the battery parameters of the battery in the fast charging environment.
  • the obtained battery parameters are the parameters in the fast charging scene, which are more accurate and more suitable for the actual scene.
  • a charging method is provided.
  • the method is applied to the terminal in FIG. 1 as an example for execution, and the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 601 during the process of discharging the battery, acquire multiple values of the battery parameters and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, capacity and open circuit voltage.
  • the battery in this embodiment is similar to the battery in step 201. It can be any terminal or terminal rechargeable battery, such as a mobile phone battery, a notebook battery, a car battery, etc.
  • the battery type can also be a lithium ion battery, a lithium A polymer battery, etc., the type of the battery is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the terminal may detect whether there is a discharge current in the battery through the detection circuit, and determine that the battery is in a discharge state if it is determined that the discharge current exists.
  • the terminal acquires multiple values of the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential of the battery during the discharge process.
  • one of the acquisition methods includes, after the terminal fully charges the battery and leaves it for a period of time, according to a set Discharge the battery with a predetermined small discharge current until the battery voltage reaches the cut-off voltage. During the discharge process, multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery are obtained.
  • the terminal obtains multiple electric quantities and negative electrode potentials of the battery during the discharge process ; or, another acquisition method includes, after the terminal fully charges the battery and waits for a period of time, stepping according to the set parameters, for example, according to a certain power step, discharging the battery to each preset power level , to obtain the various electric quantities and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery during the discharge process, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • Step 602 according to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential, determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential during charging threshold.
  • the terminal constructs the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential according to the obtained multiple values of the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, so as to obtain the negative electrode potential of the battery in real time during the charging process through the corresponding relationship, Therefore, according to the magnitude relationship between the negative electrode potential and the preset potential threshold, the charging current of the battery is controlled so that the negative electrode potential of the battery is always kept within the potential threshold range, avoiding the problem that the negative electrode potential of the battery is too large and affects the battery life and safety. .
  • the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential can be a two-dimensional correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, for example, including the correspondence between the battery power and the negative electrode potential, the correspondence between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential relationship, the corresponding relationship between voltage and negative electrode potential, etc.; the corresponding relationship between battery parameters and negative electrode potential can also be a multi-dimensional corresponding relationship, for example, including the three-dimensional corresponding relationship between open circuit voltage, electric quantity and negative electrode potential, temperature, electric quantity The three-dimensional correspondence between the negative electrode potential, or the multidimensional correspondence between temperature, voltage, electricity, open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential.
  • the correspondence (two-dimensional correspondence and/or multi-dimensional correspondence) between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential may be stored in a storage unit of the terminal.
  • it may be stored in a storage unit in the form of a data table or a database.
  • data tables or databases may be constructed during terminal design, production and/or testing phases.
  • the potential threshold is a safety threshold to ensure safe/effective charging of the battery.
  • the potential threshold can be set to 0V, or a value lower than 0V, such as -20mV, -10mV, etc.
  • the potential threshold can also be in a range, for example, 0V-0.2V, -0.2V-0V, -10mV--5mV and so on.
  • the charging current is controlled so that the negative battery of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process. "Not exceeding" may mean not greater than or not less than, and may also mean not greater than or not less than the potential threshold value increased or decreased by a certain value.
  • the potential threshold can be dynamically adjusted during charging. For example, when the selected charging parameters are different, the corresponding potential thresholds are different, and the potential thresholds can be adjusted. Alternatively, the potential threshold is increased or decreased according to the number of times of charging cycles or the duration of use of the battery. For example, when the number of charging cycles of the battery reaches A times, the potential threshold can be increased by a certain value.
  • multiple values of the battery parameters and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery can also be obtained during the charging process of the battery, and the relationship between the parameters of the battery and the potential of the negative electrode can be determined according to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the potential of the negative electrode. Correspondence between.
  • the battery parameters that affect the battery charging may also include many parameters, for example, the battery parameters may include at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity, and open circuit voltage, and may also include battery temperature, internal resistance, current, etc. It should be understood that battery parameters such as temperature, internal resistance, and current may also be associated with the negative electrode potential and stored.
  • the corresponding relationship between battery parameters and negative electrode potential can be selected according to needs, for example, select any one or more of the battery’s power, voltage, current, open circuit voltage, temperature, and internal resistance to establish a corresponding relationship with the negative electrode potential .
  • the corresponding potential thresholds may be different.
  • the potential threshold can also be dynamically adjusted. For example, when the battery parameter is power, the potential threshold is -2mv when the power is 10%-20%, and the adjusted potential threshold is 0mv when the power is 50%-70%.
  • the battery parameter is voltage
  • the potential threshold is -10mv when the voltage is 3V-4.2V
  • the potential threshold is 0mv when the voltage is 4.2V-4.4V.
  • the internal resistance of different stages also corresponds to its different
  • the potential threshold is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the construction of the two-dimensional or multi-dimensional correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential provided in this embodiment is not limited to construction during the charging or discharging process of the battery.
  • the change of each battery parameter in the discharge process is corresponding to the change of the potential of the negative electrode.
  • the terminal can also form a corresponding relationship with the change of the negative electrode potential according to the change of each battery parameter.
  • the terminal charges the battery according to a set charging current until the voltage of the battery To reach a stable voltage, during the charging process, obtain multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery, for example, the terminal obtains multiple electric quantities and negative electrode potentials of the battery during the charging process;
  • the charging process stepping according to the set parameters, for example, according to a certain power step, charging the battery to each preset power level, and obtaining the various power levels and negative electrode potentials of the battery during the charging process, this embodiment There is no limit to this.
  • the terminal acquires multiple values of the battery parameters and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery during the process of discharging the battery, and determines the correspondence between the battery parameters and the potential of the negative electrode according to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the potential of the negative electrode ;
  • the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery, so that during the charging process, the potential of the negative electrode of the battery remains within the potential threshold range.
  • the battery parameter includes at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage.
  • the terminal can obtain the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential of the battery during the discharge or charging process of the battery, so as to construct the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, and apply the corresponding relationship to the battery charging process.
  • the relationship adjusts the negative electrode potential of the battery in real time, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery is always kept within the preset potential range, avoiding the threat of excessive negative electrode potential to battery life and safety, and realizing the purpose of safe and fast charging of the battery.
  • Step 701 during the process of discharging the battery, acquire multiple electric quantities of the battery and battery overpotentials corresponding to each electric quantity.
  • the terminal acquires multiple electric quantities of the battery during the process of discharging current with a preset discharge current.
  • the battery power can be obtained according to a certain time step.
  • the electric quantity of the battery can be calculated by preset discharge current and the maximum capacity value of the battery.
  • the discharge power is the product of the discharge time and the preset discharge current
  • the battery power is the difference between the maximum capacity value of the battery and the discharge power value.
  • the ratio of the difference value to the maximum capacity value of the battery To represent the power of the sample battery.
  • the terminal may determine the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity according to the electric quantity, the open circuit voltage, and the battery overpotential. Similarly, during the charging process, the terminal may also form a corresponding relationship according to the change of the battery power and the change of the overpotential of the battery, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the method for obtaining the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity includes:
  • Step 801 obtain the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity.
  • the terminal can obtain the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity during the discharge process of the battery according to a certain electric quantity step, and obtain the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the open circuit voltage.
  • the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity is obtained, including:
  • Step 901 after the battery is fully charged and left to stand for a preset period of time, the battery is discharged to a cut-off voltage with a first discharge current.
  • the battery is discharged with the first discharge current i0, and the measured voltage of the battery is recorded until the measured voltage of the battery reaches the cut-off voltage.
  • the first discharge current i0 can be a relatively small discharge current, for example, i0 is i0 ⁇ 0.2C, preferably i0 ⁇ 0.02C, C is the rate; the resting time is t0 ⁇ 30min, preferably t0 ⁇ 3h.
  • Step 902 during the battery discharging process, obtain the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity.
  • the terminal calculates the power of the battery according to the first discharge current i0, and obtains the open-circuit voltage OCV of the battery under each power, where the power of the battery refers to the remaining power of the battery, where the remaining
  • the calculation method of power Q can be expressed as:
  • Qmax is the total capacity of the battery from full to full discharge
  • ⁇ Q is the discharge capacity
  • ⁇ Q ⁇ i0dt
  • the discharge capacity is the product of the first discharge current and the discharge time.
  • the terminal obtains the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage OCV of the battery and the SOC of the battery according to the battery power SOC calculated in real time and the battery open circuit voltage OCV obtained in real time, that is, obtains the OCV-SOC characteristic curve .
  • the process for the terminal to obtain the OCV-SOC characteristic curve may also be: during the battery discharge process, the open circuit voltage OCV corresponding to the electric quantity is obtained according to a certain electric quantity step, so as to form the open circuit voltage OCV of the battery and the electric quantity SOC.
  • this embodiment does not limit the manner of obtaining the OCV-SOC characteristic curve.
  • the terminal can also use the cut-off voltage as the starting voltage and the voltage after it is fully charged as the stopping voltage.
  • the cut-off voltage is formed according to the change of the open circuit voltage of the battery and the change of the battery power. This embodiment does not limit it.
  • Step 802 according to each open circuit voltage and the charging current of the battery, determine the battery overpotential corresponding to each open circuit voltage.
  • the terminal can charge the battery with different charging currents, and obtain the open-circuit voltage and the measured voltage of the battery under different currents, so as to obtain the open-circuit voltage and the measured voltage of the battery according to the charging current, open-circuit voltage and measured voltage. Correspondence between potential and .
  • the terminal can determine the corresponding open circuit voltage OCV under each electric quantity, so that the terminal can determine the corresponding open circuit voltage V and the open circuit voltage OCV under different electric quantities under different currents I,
  • the overpotential ⁇ of the battery corresponding to the SOC of different electric quantities under different current I is calculated, so as to obtain the overpotential of the battery corresponding to each open-circuit voltage under different current I, wherein, for example, the terminal obtains the actual measurement under different current I
  • the calculation method of the overpotential can be expressed as:
  • Step 803 according to the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity and the battery overpotential corresponding to each open circuit voltage, determine the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity.
  • the terminal can obtain the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity, the current and the battery overpotential according to the corresponding relationship between the current, the open circuit voltage and the battery overpotential obtained in the above step 802, and the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the electric quantity obtained in the above step 801 SOC-I- ⁇ , that is, to obtain the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the overpotential of the battery, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • Step 702 according to the proportional relationship between the overpotential of each battery and the overpotential of the negative electrode, determine the potential of the negative electrode corresponding to the overpotential of each battery.
  • the terminal obtains the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential, for example, the ratio of the negative electrode overpotential to the battery overpotential is obtained, and the terminal determines the battery overpotential according to the ratio and the battery overpotential The negative electrode overpotential of , so as to determine the corresponding negative electrode potential according to the negative electrode overpotential.
  • determining the negative electrode potential corresponding to the overpotential of each battery includes:
  • Step 1001 according to the proportional relationship between the overpotential of each battery and the overpotential of the negative electrode, determine the overpotential of the negative electrode corresponding to the overpotential of each battery.
  • the terminal can determine the negative electrode overpotential of the battery according to the ratio of the negative electrode overpotential to the battery overpotential and the battery overpotential. overpotential.
  • the method for determining the proportional relationship between the negative electrode overpotential and the battery overpotential includes:
  • Step 1101 in the process of charging the negative half-cell corresponding to the battery, obtain the negative overpotential corresponding to the multiple electric quantities of the negative half-cell.
  • the terminal can form a negative half-cell and a positive half-cell by dismantling the sample battery, obtain the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the overpotential of the negative electrode by performing a charge test on the negative half-cell, The charging test obtains the correspondence between the individual quantities of electricity in the positive half-cell and the positive overpotential.
  • the terminal obtains the measured voltage V negative and negative open-circuit voltage OCV negative under each power level during the process of charging the negative half-battery with different currents, and calculates according to the measured voltage V negative, negative open-circuit voltage OCV negative and current I under each power level
  • the negative electrode overpotential ⁇ negative corresponding to each electric quantity forms the corresponding relationship between electric quantity, current and negative electrode overpotential, that is, SOC-I- ⁇ negative.
  • the formula for calculating the negative electrode overpotential can be expressed as:
  • the terminal obtains the measured voltage V positive and the negative open-circuit voltage OCV positive of each power in the process of charging the positive half-battery with different currents.
  • the measured voltage V positive, negative open-circuit voltage OCV positive and current of each power I calculate the negative electrode overpotential ⁇ positive corresponding to each electric quantity, and form the corresponding relationship between electric quantity, current and positive electrode overpotential, that is, SOC-I- ⁇ positive.
  • the formula for calculating the negative electrode overpotential can be expressed as:
  • the terminal can also charge the positive half-battery and the negative half-battery respectively through other charging methods, and respectively obtain the SOC-I- ⁇ positive relationship and the SOC-I- ⁇ negative relationship formed during the charging process, This embodiment does not limit the manner of obtaining the corresponding relationship.
  • the terminal can also form a corresponding relationship between the change of the negative overpotential of the negative half-cell and the change of the battery power during the discharge process, and the corresponding relationship between the change of the positive overpotential of the positive half-cell and the change of the battery power. The embodiment does not limit this.
  • Step 1102 according to the overpotential of the negative electrode corresponding to each quantity of electricity and the overpotential of the battery corresponding to each quantity of electricity, determine the proportional relationship between the overpotential of the negative electrode corresponding to each quantity of electricity and the overpotential of the battery.
  • the proportional relationship between the overpotential of the negative electrode and the overpotential of the battery may be the ratio of the overpotential of the negative electrode to the overpotential of the battery, that is, the proportion of the overpotential of the negative electrode in the overpotential of the battery.
  • the corresponding relationship between the negative electrode overpotential ratio SOC-I- ⁇ -mpositive-mnegative the terminal can determine the corresponding negative electrode overpotential ratio under each power according to the corresponding relationship.
  • the terminal After the terminal obtains the corresponding relationship SOC-I- ⁇ -mpositive-mnegative among the electric quantity, current, positive overpotential proportion, and negative overpotential proportion, it determines the corresponding overpotential of each battery ⁇
  • Step 1002 according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open circuit voltage, determine the negative open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity.
  • the method for determining the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage includes:
  • Step 1201 using the first voltage as the starting voltage and the second voltage as the cut-off voltage, using the second discharge current to discharge the negative half-cell of the battery;
  • Step 1202 during the discharge process, obtain multiple electric quantities of the negative half-cells and the negative open-circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity, so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage;
  • the first voltage is the negative electrode voltage of the corresponding negative electrode half-cell after the battery is fully charged and rested for a preset period of time
  • the second voltage is the negative electrode voltage of the corresponding negative electrode half-cell when the battery is discharged to the cut-off voltage.
  • the terminal can form a negative half-cell and a positive half-cell by dismantling the sample battery, obtain the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the open-circuit voltage of the negative electrode by performing a discharge test on the negative half-cell, and conduct a discharge test on the positive half-cell The discharge test obtains the correspondence between the charge in the positive half-cell and the positive voltage.
  • the terminal can disassemble the battery that is fully charged and rested for a preset period of time t0 to obtain positive and negative pole pieces respectively, and assemble one of the pole pieces with a diaphragm, a lithium piece, and an electrolyte to form a half-battery to form a positive half-battery and
  • For the negative half-cell measure the positive half-cell and the negative half-cell respectively, and obtain the open circuit voltage OCV positive 1 and OCV negative 1 after the positive and negative electrodes are fully charged;
  • disassemble the battery after being discharged to the cut-off voltage and standing at t 0 , to obtain the positive and negative pole pieces respectively, take one side of the pole piece and assemble it with the separator, lithium sheet, and electrolyte to form a half-cell to form a positive half-cell and a negative half-cell, respectively measure the positive half-cell and the negative half-cell, and obtain the positive
  • the open circuit voltage OCV is positive 0 and OCV is negative 0 after the negative pole is
  • the terminal uses OCV minus 0 as the initial voltage of the negative half-cell, OCV minus 1 as the cut-off voltage of the negative half-cell, and uses the second discharge current to discharge the negative half-cell.
  • the negative half-cell is obtained The corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage, that is, the OCV negative-SOC negative curve.
  • the second discharge current is the first discharge current i0 of a certain rate
  • the first discharge current i0 is the discharge current when the full battery is discharged in step 901 .
  • the terminal uses OCV positive 1 as the initial voltage of the positive half-cell, and OCV positive 0 as the cut-off voltage of the positive half-cell, and also uses the second discharge current to discharge the positive half-cell.
  • OCV positive-SOC positive curve The corresponding relationship between each amount of electricity in the battery and the positive open circuit voltage, that is, the OCV positive-SOC positive curve.
  • the method for the terminal to obtain the relationship between the electric quantity and the open circuit voltage of the negative electrode and the relationship between the electric quantity and the open circuit voltage of the positive electrode further includes setting a reference electrode in the full battery, and obtaining the negative electrode-reference electrode respectively through the reference electrode.
  • the relationship between the amount of electricity in the negative half-cell formed by the reference electrode and the open-circuit voltage of the negative electrode, and the relationship between the amount of electricity in the positive half-cell formed by the positive electrode-reference electrode and the open-circuit voltage of the positive electrode are not limited in this embodiment.
  • the terminal can also use the cut-off voltage as the starting voltage and the voltage after being fully charged as the stop voltage to charge the negative half-cell and the positive half-cell.
  • the open circuit of the negative half-cell The change of the voltage forms a corresponding relationship with the change of the battery power, and the change of the open circuit voltage of the positive half-cell corresponds to the change of the battery power, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the maximum capacity of the positive half-cell and/or the negative half-cell can be determined by the first discharge current i0 of a certain rate and the maximum capacity of the full battery; in addition, in the process of disassembling the battery, the battery To be consistent, the lithium slices of the battery are set too much, and the dismantling of the battery needs to be completed in an inert atmosphere and an anhydrous environment, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • Step 1003 according to each negative electrode overpotential and the corresponding negative electrode open circuit voltage, calculate and obtain the negative electrode potential corresponding to each battery overpotential.
  • the terminal obtains the relationship between the electric quantity SOC and the negative electrode overpotential ⁇ negative through step 1101, and obtains the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity SOC and the negative electrode open circuit voltage OCV negative in step 1202, and obtains the negative electrode overpotential under each electric quantity.
  • Step 703 according to the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity and the negative electrode potential corresponding to each battery overpotential, determine the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal after the terminal determines the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the battery overpotential, and the corresponding relationship between each battery overpotential and the negative electrode potential determined in the above-mentioned embodiment, it can further determine the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity, the battery overpotential
  • the corresponding relationship between the electric potential and the negative electrode potential that is, the terminal may determine the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the negative electrode potential, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the charge test and discharge test are respectively carried out according to the battery, the positive half-cell, and the negative half-cell, so as to obtain the correspondence between the open-circuit voltage and the electric quantity of the battery, OCV-SOC, and the correspondence between the electric quantity and the open-circuit voltage of the negative electrode.
  • the corresponding negative electrode potential provides data support for the calculation and adjustment of the negative electrode potential during battery charging.
  • the battery parameters also include temperature
  • the method also includes:
  • Step 1301 during the process of discharging the battery, obtain multiple temperatures of the battery.
  • the battery is tested at different set temperatures to obtain different temperatures of the battery.
  • different temperatures may include 10° C., 20° C., 30° C., 40° C., etc., wherein the temperature step may be 1° C., 2° C., 5° C., etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the terminal may obtain battery parameters corresponding to the battery at different temperatures, for example, obtain parameters such as battery power and open circuit voltage at different temperatures.
  • Step 1302 according to the battery overpotentials corresponding to each electric quantity at different temperatures and the negative electrode potentials corresponding to each battery overpotential, determine the corresponding relationship among temperature, electric quantity and negative electrode potential.
  • the terminal can construct the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters at different temperatures and the potential of the point negative electrode by acquiring the battery parameters at different temperatures.
  • the terminal determines the corresponding relationship among temperature, power quantity, and negative electrode potential according to the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity at different temperatures and the negative electrode potential corresponding to each battery overpotential, which is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment in Figures 8-14
  • the provided method for determining the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential is similar, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
  • the corresponding relationship between the construction battery parameters and the negative electrode potential provided by this solution can be determined according to actual needs, and it can be a multi-dimensional corresponding relationship, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the terminal may also form a corresponding relationship according to the change of the temperature of the battery, the change of the electric quantity and the change of the potential of the negative electrode, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • a temperature parameter is added to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, so that the battery negative electrode potential is calculated based on the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential , the calculated negative potential is more accurate.
  • this embodiment provides a charging method, which specifically includes:
  • the negative electrode half-cell and the positive electrode half-cell of the battery are respectively discharged with the second discharge current, and determined at the corresponding temperature
  • the multiple electric quantities of the negative half-cell and the positive half-cell and the negative open-circuit voltage and the positive open-circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity are used to obtain the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage at different temperatures, the electric quantity and the positive electrode at different temperatures Correspondence between open circuit voltages;
  • the positive and negative characteristics of the battery can be separated during battery charging, key signals inside the battery can be provided, and the negative electrode potential of the battery can be obtained in real time to achieve a closed loop Real-time prediction of the negative electrode potential of the battery.
  • the dynamic adjustment of the charging current makes the current negative electrode potential within the range corresponding to the preset potential threshold, ensuring that the negative electrode potential of the battery will not appear overpotential. In this way, the impact on battery life and battery safety caused by excessive negative electrode potential of the battery is avoided, so that the battery can exert the maximum charging capacity within the safe range where the battery life and battery safety are not affected by the negative electrode potential of the battery. That is, this solution realizes the purpose of fast charging of the battery under the premise of maintaining safety.
  • the charging method provided by the above-mentioned embodiment has similar implementation principles and technical effects to those of the above-mentioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • steps in the flow charts involved in the above embodiments are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed sequentially in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flow charts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments may include multiple steps or stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but may be performed at different times For execution, the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily performed sequentially, but may be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of steps or stages in other steps.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a charging device for implementing the above-mentioned charging method.
  • the solution to the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation described in the above method, so the specific limitations in one or more embodiments of the charging device provided below can refer to the definition of the charging method above, here No longer.
  • a charging device comprising:
  • the acquisition module 01 is used to acquire battery parameters during the process of charging the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the voltage, power and open circuit voltage of the battery;
  • a determining module 02 configured to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential
  • the control module 03 is used to reduce the charging current of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is less than the potential threshold; increase the charging current of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential during the charging process threshold.
  • the determining module 02 is configured to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential; determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential; The corresponding relationship between the voltage and the negative electrode potential determines the current negative electrode potential of the battery.
  • the determining module 02 is configured to determine the current battery overpotential according to the battery capacity; and determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential.
  • the determining module 02 is configured to determine the current battery overpotential according to the correspondence between the electric quantity and the overpotential; or, determine the current open circuit voltage of the battery according to the electric quantity of the battery; Determine the current battery overpotential.
  • the determination module 02 is used to obtain the current negative electrode overpotential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential; according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode open circuit voltage, Determine the current negative open-circuit voltage of the battery; obtain the current negative potential of the battery according to the negative overpotential and the negative open-circuit voltage of the battery.
  • the battery parameters also include the temperature of the battery
  • the determination module 02 is used to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between temperature, electric quantity and negative electrode potential; according to the temperature, open circuit voltage and negative electrode potential Determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between them; determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between temperature, voltage and negative electrode potential.
  • the acquiring module 01 is configured to acquire battery parameters after charging the battery with the first charging current for a preset duration or a preset voltage.
  • the obtaining module 01 is configured to charge the battery with the first charging current for a preset duration or a preset voltage, and then adjust the first charging current to charge the battery with the second charging current; During the process of charging the battery with the second charging current, battery parameters are obtained.
  • the acquisition module 01 is configured to acquire battery parameters at preset time intervals; the time intervals are determined according to the usage time of the battery and/or the state of the battery.
  • a charging device comprising:
  • An acquisition module 11 configured to acquire multiple values of battery parameters and negative electrode potentials of the battery during the process of discharging the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the voltage, power and open circuit voltage of the battery;
  • the determination module 12 is used to determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential according to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery so that the negative electrode potential of the battery is The potential threshold is not exceeded.
  • the obtaining module 11 is used to obtain multiple electric quantities of the battery and the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity during the process of discharging the battery; according to the proportion of each battery overpotential and negative electrode overpotential, Determine the negative electrode potential corresponding to the overpotential of each battery; determine the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential according to the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity and the negative electrode potential corresponding to each battery overpotential.
  • the acquisition module 11 is used to obtain the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity; determine the battery overpotential corresponding to each open circuit voltage according to each open circuit voltage and the charging current of the battery; voltage and the battery overpotential corresponding to each open circuit voltage, and determine the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity.
  • the acquisition module 11 is configured to discharge the battery to the cut-off voltage with the first discharge current after the battery is fully charged and rested for a preset period of time; Corresponding open circuit voltage.
  • the acquisition module 11 is used to determine the negative electrode overpotential corresponding to each battery overpotential according to the proportional relationship between the overpotential of each battery and the overpotential of the negative electrode; According to the corresponding relationship of each electric quantity, determine the negative electrode open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity; calculate and obtain the negative electrode potential corresponding to each battery overpotential according to each negative electrode overpotential and the corresponding negative electrode open circuit voltage.
  • the acquisition module 11 is also used to acquire the negative electrode overpotentials corresponding to the multiple electric quantities of the negative electrode half batteries during the process of charging the negative electrode half batteries corresponding to the batteries;
  • the overpotential and the overpotential of the battery corresponding to each quantity of electricity are used to determine the proportional relationship between the overpotential of the negative electrode corresponding to each quantity of electricity and the overpotential of the battery.
  • the acquisition module 11 is also used to discharge the negative half-cell of the battery by using the second discharge current with the first voltage as the starting voltage and the second voltage as the cut-off voltage; process, to obtain multiple electric quantities of the negative half-cell and the negative open-circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity, so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage;
  • the first voltage is the negative electrode voltage of the corresponding negative electrode half-cell after the battery is fully charged and rested for a preset period of time
  • the second voltage is the negative electrode voltage of the corresponding negative electrode half-cell when the battery is discharged to the cut-off voltage.
  • the battery parameters also include temperature
  • the obtaining module 11 is used to obtain multiple temperatures of the battery during the process of discharging the battery; Corresponding battery overpotentials and negative electrode potentials corresponding to each battery overpotential determine the corresponding relationship among temperature, electric quantity and negative electrode potential.
  • Each module in the above-mentioned charging device can be fully or partially realized by software, hardware and a combination thereof.
  • the above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, and can also be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can invoke and execute the corresponding operations of the above-mentioned modules.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an electronic device in one embodiment.
  • the electronic device can be any terminal device such as mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, desktop computer, PDA (Personal Digital Assistant, personal digital assistant), POS (Point of Sales, sales terminal), vehicle-mounted computer, wearable device, etc.
  • the electronic device includes a processor and memory connected by a system bus.
  • the processor may include one or more processing units.
  • the processor can be a CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit) or a DSP (Digital Signal Processing, digital signal processor), etc.
  • the memory may include non-volatile storage media and internal memory. Nonvolatile storage media store operating systems and computer programs.
  • the computer program can be executed by the processor to implement a charging method provided in the following embodiments.
  • the internal memory provides a high-speed running environment for the operating system computer program in the non-volatile storage medium.
  • Figure 19 is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of this application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer equipment on which the solution of this application is applied.
  • the specific computer equipment can be More or fewer components than shown in the figures may be included, or some components may be combined, or have a different arrangement of components.
  • a computer device including a memory and a processor, a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:
  • battery parameters are acquired; the battery parameters include at least one of battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage;
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:
  • battery parameters are acquired; the battery parameters include at least one of battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage;
  • a computer program product comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:
  • battery parameters are acquired; the battery parameters include at least one of battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage;
  • a computer device including a memory and a processor, a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:
  • the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, power capacity and open circuit voltage
  • the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process.
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:
  • the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, power capacity and open circuit voltage
  • the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential is determined; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process.
  • a computer program product comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:
  • the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, power capacity and open circuit voltage
  • the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process.
  • any reference to storage, database or other media used in the various embodiments provided in the present application may include at least one of non-volatile and volatile storage.
  • Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive variable memory (ReRAM), magnetic variable memory (Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory, MRAM), Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FRAM), Phase Change Memory (Phase Change Memory, PCM), graphene memory, etc.
  • the volatile memory may include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or external cache memory, etc.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).
  • the databases involved in the various embodiments provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database.
  • the non-relational database may include a blockchain-based distributed database, etc., but is not limited thereto.
  • the processors involved in the various embodiments provided by this application can be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processors, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, data processing logic devices based on quantum computing, etc., and are not limited to this.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La présente demande concerne un procédé et un appareil de chargement, ainsi qu'un dispositif informatique et un support d'enregistrement. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : pendant le processus de charge d'une batterie, l'acquisition d'un paramètre de batterie ; la détermination du potentiel d'électrode négative actuel de la batterie en fonction de la corrélation entre le paramètre de batterie et un potentiel d'électrode négative ; lorsque le potentiel d'électrode négative actuel est inférieur à une valeur seuil potentielle, la réduction du courant de charge de la batterie ; et lorsque le potentiel d'électrode négative actuel est supérieur à la valeur seuil potentielle, l'augmentation du courant de charge de la batterie, de sorte que le potentiel d'électrode négative de la batterie se situe dans une plage correspondant à la valeur seuil potentielle, le paramètre de batterie comprenant une tension, une capacité et/ou une tension de circuit ouvert de la batterie. Dans la présente demande, un potentiel d'électrode négative d'une batterie est acquis en temps réel au moyen de la corrélation entre un paramètre de batterie et un potentiel d'électrode négative, ce qui permet de réaliser une prédiction en boucle fermée en temps réel d'un potentiel d'électrode négative ; et le courant de charge de la batterie est efficacement commandé en fonction du potentiel d'électrode négative actuel obtenu et d'une valeur seuil potentielle, ce qui permet de réaliser un ajustement dynamique en boucle fermée d'un courant de charge, et d'atteindre l'objectif consistant à charger en toute sécurité et rapidement la batterie.
PCT/CN2022/119809 2021-11-16 2022-09-20 Procédé et appareil de chargement, dispositif informatique et support d'enregistrement WO2023087889A1 (fr)

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CN105932349A (zh) * 2016-06-07 2016-09-07 哈尔滨工业大学 一种锂离子电池长寿命快速充电方法
CN106450536A (zh) * 2016-11-09 2017-02-22 清华大学 一种锂离子电池快速充电方法
CN109037811A (zh) * 2018-06-27 2018-12-18 中航锂电（洛阳）有限公司 一种石墨负极体系锂离子电池的充电方法
CN110065401A (zh) * 2019-04-22 2019-07-30 湖州师范学院 一种新能源汽车用快速充电串联供电系统及方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105932349A (zh) * 2016-06-07 2016-09-07 哈尔滨工业大学 一种锂离子电池长寿命快速充电方法
CN106450536A (zh) * 2016-11-09 2017-02-22 清华大学 一种锂离子电池快速充电方法
CN109037811A (zh) * 2018-06-27 2018-12-18 中航锂电（洛阳）有限公司 一种石墨负极体系锂离子电池的充电方法
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