WO2023087889A1

WO2023087889A1 - Charging method and apparatus, and computer device and storage medium

Info

Publication number: WO2023087889A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/119809
Authority: WO
Inventors: 谢红斌
Original assignee: Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority date: 2021-11-16
Filing date: 2022-09-20
Publication date: 2023-05-25
Also published as: CN116137447A

Abstract

The present application relates to a charging method and apparatus, and a computer device and a storage medium. The method comprises: during the process of charging a battery, acquiring a battery parameter; determining the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correlation between the battery parameter and a negative electrode potential; when the current negative electrode potential is less than a potential threshold value, reducing the charging current of the battery; and when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold value, increasing the charging current of the battery, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery is within a range corresponding to the potential threshold value, wherein the battery parameter comprises at least one of a voltage, a capacity and an open-circuit voltage of the battery. In the present application, a negative electrode potential of a battery is acquired in real time by means of the correlation between a battery parameter and a negative electrode potential, thereby realizing real-time closed-loop prediction of a negative electrode potential; and the charging current of the battery is effectively controlled according to the obtained current negative electrode potential and a potential threshold value, thereby realizing dynamic closed-loop adjustment of a charging current, and achieving the purpose of safely and quickly charging the battery.

Description

Charging method, device, computer equipment and storage medium

Related applications:

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on November 16, 2021, with application number 202111354844.2, entitled "Charging method, device, computer equipment and storage medium", which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to a charging method, device, computer equipment and storage medium.

Background technique

With the development of communication technology, charging technology has been widely used in order to meet the needs of short charging time and high charging efficiency of user terminals. Generally speaking, charging needs to increase the charging rate of the battery, but it often causes side reactions of the battery. Taking lithium-ion batteries with a graphite negative electrode system as an example, the electrodes of the battery are polarized during charging, and the electrode potential deviates from the equilibrium potential. The difference between the polarization potential and the equilibrium potential is the overpotential. Among them, when the overpotential of the negative electrode is lower than 0V vs. Li/Li+, lithium metal will be precipitated on the surface of the negative electrode, which will damage the performance of the battery, and may cause safety accidents such as thermal runaway in severe cases.

The battery charging technologies in the prior art generally include constant current and constant voltage charging, multi-stage constant current charging, pulse charging and other technologies. However, the existing charging technologies are difficult to ensure both charging speed and battery life.

Contents of the invention

Based on this, it is necessary to provide a charging method, device, computer equipment and read storage medium for the above technical problems.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a charging method, the method comprising:

In the process of charging the battery, battery parameters are acquired; the battery parameters include at least one of battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage;

According to the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery;

When the current negative electrode potential is lower than the potential threshold, reduce the charging current of the battery; when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, increase the charging current of the battery so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during charging.

In a second aspect, the present application also provides a charging method, which includes:

During the process of discharging the battery, multiple values of battery parameters and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery are obtained; the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, power capacity and open circuit voltage;

According to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential, determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process.

In a third aspect, the present application also provides a charging device, which includes:

The obtaining module is used to obtain battery parameters during the charging process of the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage;

A determining module, configured to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential;

The control module is used to reduce the charging current of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is lower than the potential threshold; to increase the charging current of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process .

In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a charging device, which includes:

An acquisition module, configured to acquire multiple values of battery parameters and the negative electrode potential of the battery during the process of discharging the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity, and open circuit voltage;

The determining module is used to determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential according to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not Potential threshold exceeded.

In a fifth aspect, the present application also provides a computer device. The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the methods provided in the first aspect and the second aspect when executing the computer program.

In a sixth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium has a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the methods provided in the first aspect and the second aspect are realized.

In a seventh aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the methods provided in the first aspect and the second aspect are implemented.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is an application environment diagram of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the battery current and the negative electrode potential in one embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between battery current and charging time in an embodiment;

Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Figure 11 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Figure 12 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 13 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 14 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 15 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 16 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method in an embodiment;

Fig. 17 is a structural block diagram of a charging device in an embodiment;

Fig. 18 is a structural block diagram of a charging device in an embodiment;

Figure 19 is a diagram of the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

It can be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like used in this application may be used to describe various elements herein, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first client could be termed a second client, and, similarly, a second client could be termed a first client, without departing from the scope of the present application. Both the first client and the second client are clients, but they are not the same client.

Generally speaking, fast charging needs to increase the charging rate of the battery, which will often cause side reactions of the battery, which will pose a certain threat to the safety of the battery itself and the battery life. Taking lithium-ion batteries with a graphite negative electrode system as an example, the electrodes of the battery are polarized during charging, and the electrode potential deviates from the equilibrium potential. The difference between the polarization potential and the equilibrium potential is the overpotential. Among them, when the overpotential of the negative electrode is lower than 0V vs. Li/Li+, lithium metal will be precipitated on the surface of the negative electrode, which will damage the performance of the battery, and may cause safety accidents such as thermal runaway in severe cases. Moreover, during the charging process of the battery, the higher the charging rate, the more obvious the voltage polarization, and the faster the battery reaches the charging cut-off voltage, resulting in insufficient charging power, and the remaining power needs to be charged with a constant voltage and small rate current, which prolongs the charging time. battery charging time.

Some commonly used battery charging methods include: constant current and constant voltage charging, that is, first charge the battery to the cut-off voltage with a constant current, and then charge the battery to the cut-off current with a constant voltage. The efficiency is low. Still taking lithium-ion electronics as an example, charging lithium-ion by constant current and constant-voltage charging method may easily cause lithium-ion deposition at the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery or overcharging of the battery, thereby damaging the battery life. In addition, the commonly used battery charging method is multi-stage constant current charging, including charging the battery after pre-setting the charging current and charging cut-off voltage of each stage. Batteries are less versatile. The commonly used battery charging method is pulse charging, including controlling the charging process by adjusting the duration and amplitude of the pulse charging current to increase the charging rate. However, based on existing technical research, the impact of pulse on battery life is still controversial.

In the research of battery charging, the electrode potential is a very important reference quantity, which is directly related to the side reactions of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. Still taking lithium-ion batteries such as graphite anode systems as an example, when the overpotential of the anode is lower than 0V vs. Li/Li+, lithium precipitation occurs on the surface of the anode, which seriously affects charging safety and battery life. Whether the negative electrode decomposes lithium can be judged by whether the overpotential of the negative pole is lower than the critical potential of lithium desorption. Monitoring and controlling the overpotential of the negative pole during the charging process can effectively avoid the occurrence of side reactions such as lithium desorption at the negative pole, and realize the safe and fast charging of lithium-ion batteries. .

By measuring the difference between the positive and negative potentials, the terminal voltage of a commercial Li-ion battery can be obtained, but the negative potential inside the battery cannot be obtained. In the prior art, there is a technology of constructing a three-electrode system by implanting a reference electrode into the battery. The potential between the measuring electrode and the reference electrode can directly obtain the internal potential, but the existing reference electrode is only laboratory-level used, not yet commercialized for lithium-ion batteries. In addition, the commonly used lithium-ion battery electrochemical model can also achieve the purpose of predicting the internal potential. However, the model of the lithium-ion battery electrochemical model is complex and computationally intensive, and it is difficult to be practical for the battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS). The commonly used equivalent circuit model, although the model parameters are simple and the amount of calculation is small, this model can only describe the external characteristics of the battery and cannot provide the negative electrode potential. Therefore, there is still no battery equivalent model suitable for safe and fast charging of batteries that can predict the potential change of the negative electrode of the battery in real time.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application environment of a battery charging method in an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1 , the application environment includes a terminal 102 and a charging device 104 , the terminal 102 is a device with a communication function, the terminal 102 can communicate with the charging device 104 through the network, and the charging device 104 can charge the terminal 102 . Wherein, the terminal 102 may be, but not limited to, various personal computers, notebook computers, smart phones, tablet computers, portable wearable devices, and other terminals that require charging, such as automobiles. Charging device 104 can be various models of chargers and charging piles. For example, when charging device 104 is a charging pile and terminal 102 is a car, the charging pile can be used to charge the car; charging device 104 can also be a mobile power supply, or a notebook Computers, tablet computers, etc. can have terminals with charging functions. It can be understood that if the charging device 104 is a terminal, for example, when the charging device 104 is a notebook computer and the terminal 102 is a smartphone, the notebook computer can be used to charge the smartphone. For another example, when the charging device 104 is a notebook computer and the terminal 102 is a smart watch, the notebook computer may be used to charge the smart watch.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , a charging method is provided, which is described by taking the method applied to the terminal in FIG. 1 as the execution body as an example, including the following steps:

Step 201, in the process of charging the battery, acquire battery parameters; the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage.

Wherein, the battery can be any kind of rechargeable battery, for example, mobile phone battery, car battery, etc., and the type of battery can also be lithium ion battery, lithium polymer battery, etc., and this embodiment does not limit the type of this battery. Battery parameters refer to the parameters that are coupled to the charging effect of the battery during the charging process of the battery, for example, the voltage, power, open circuit voltage, current, internal resistance, temperature, etc. certain influence.

In this embodiment, the terminal can detect whether the battery has a charging current through the detection circuit, and if there is a charging current, determine that the battery of the terminal is in the charging state, and when the battery is in the charging state, obtain the battery parameters of the battery through the detection circuit, For example, the battery capacity, current, and voltage are obtained, or the positive and negative potentials of the battery are obtained through the detection circuit, so that the open circuit voltage of the battery can be determined according to the difference between the positive and negative potentials, and so on. Optionally, the terminal may obtain the battery parameters of the battery in real time, or may obtain the battery parameters of the battery according to a certain frequency. Further, after acquiring the battery parameters, the terminal may store the battery parameters in a designated memory.

Step 202: Determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential.

Wherein, the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential can be a two-dimensional correspondence, for example, including the two-dimensional correspondence between the battery power and the negative electrode potential, the correspondence between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential, the voltage and the negative electrode potential The corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential can also be a multi-dimensional corresponding relationship, exemplary, including the three-dimensional corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage, the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential, the temperature, the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential. The three-dimensional corresponding relationship, or the multi-dimensional corresponding relationship among temperature, voltage, electric quantity, open-circuit voltage, and negative electrode potential is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

In an embodiment, the correspondence (two-dimensional correspondence and/or multi-dimensional correspondence) between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential may be stored in a storage unit of the terminal. For example, it may be stored in a storage unit in the form of a data table or a database. Such data tables or databases may be constructed during terminal design, production and/or testing phases. When the battery parameters are obtained, the negative electrode potential of the battery (ie, the current negative electrode potential) corresponding to the current battery parameters can be determined by searching in the data table or the database.

In this embodiment, the battery parameter is used as an example to describe the electric quantity. The terminal can determine the current value corresponding to each battery electric quantity according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity of each battery and the potential of the negative electrode according to the electric quantity of each battery obtained during the charging process of the battery. negative potential. Taking the battery parameters as power and temperature as an example, the terminal can determine the battery power of each battery at different temperatures according to the corresponding relationship between the battery power and the negative electrode potential according to the battery power obtained during the battery charging process. The current negative electrode potential corresponding to the electric quantity. Wherein, the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential can be determined by testing and simulating the sample battery in advance. For example, charge test and discharge test can be performed on the sample battery, and the negative electrode potential of the sample battery under various battery parameters can be obtained during the charging and discharging process of the battery, so as to form a multi-dimensional corresponding relationship between the battery parameter and the negative electrode potential. Taking the construction of the corresponding relationship between battery power and negative electrode potential as an example, the terminal can obtain the negative electrode potential of the sample battery under each power level during the charging and discharging process of the sample battery, thereby forming a multi-dimensional correspondence between battery parameters and negative electrode potential , which is not limited in this embodiment.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, "current" may be the time when the battery parameters are acquired. Battery parameters can be acquired at preset time intervals. For example, fetch every 1 second, fetch every 0.5 seconds, or fetch every 2 seconds. Correspondingly, a "current" negative electrode potential can be obtained every 1 second. Considering factors such as errors of actual products, the "current" may also be slightly behind or ahead of the moment of obtaining battery parameters, for example, lagging behind or exceeding 0.1s or 0.01s. In some embodiments, the time interval for obtaining battery parameters can be adjusted (increased or decreased), for example, adjusted according to the duration of battery use or the state of the battery, when the battery use time exceeds 1 year or longer, decrease or Increase the time interval.

Step 203: When the current negative electrode potential is lower than the potential threshold, reduce the charging current of the battery; when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, increase the battery charging current so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during charging.

Wherein, the potential threshold value is determined based on the critical potential generated by the polarization reaction of the battery by conducting a simulation test on the battery according to the property parameters of each type of battery. In some embodiments, the potential threshold is a safety threshold to ensure safe/effective charging of the battery. For example, the potential threshold can be set to 0V, or a value lower than 0V, such as -20mV, -10mV, etc. The potential threshold can also be in a range, for example, 0V-0.2V, -0.2V-0V, -10mV--5mV and so on. In the embodiment of the present application, the charging current is controlled so that the negative battery of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process. "Not exceeding" may mean not greater than or not less than, and may also mean not greater than or not less than the potential threshold value increased or decreased by a certain value. For example, not more than or not less than (potential threshold ±0.1 mV).

Additionally, in some embodiments, the potential threshold can be dynamically adjusted during charging. For example, when the selected charging parameters are different, the corresponding potential thresholds are different, and the potential thresholds can be adjusted. Alternatively, the potential threshold is increased or decreased according to the number of times of charging cycles or the duration of use of the battery. For example, when the number of charging cycles of the battery reaches A times, the potential threshold can be increased by a certain value.

In some embodiments, during the battery charging process, the battery parameters that affect the battery charging also include many other parameters, such as battery temperature, internal resistance, current and so on. It should be understood that battery parameters such as temperature, internal resistance, and current may also be associated with the negative electrode potential and stored. The corresponding relationship between battery parameters and negative electrode potential can be selected according to needs, for example, select any one or more of the battery’s power, voltage, current, open circuit voltage, temperature, and internal resistance to establish a corresponding relationship with the negative electrode potential .

In some embodiments, when the selected battery parameters are different, the corresponding potential thresholds may be different. Combined with changes in battery parameters during charging, the potential threshold can also be dynamically adjusted. For example, when the battery parameter is power, the potential threshold is -2mv when the power is 10%-20%, and the adjusted potential threshold is 0mv when the power is 50%-70%. When the battery parameter is voltage, the potential threshold is -10mv when the voltage is 3V-4.2V, and the potential threshold is 0mv when the voltage is 4.2V-4.4V.

In this embodiment, the terminal determines the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, thereby determining the state of the battery according to the magnitude relationship between the current negative electrode potential and the potential threshold, and controls the battery's The charging current increases or decreases. Exemplarily, when the terminal determines that the potential of the negative electrode is less than the potential threshold, it can control the charging current to decrease, so that the potential of the negative electrode increases to within the range corresponding to the potential threshold; when the terminal determines that the potential of the negative electrode is greater than the potential threshold, it can The charging current is controlled to increase so that the potential of the negative electrode decreases to be within the range corresponding to the potential threshold. Optionally, during the charging process of the battery, the terminal can control the increase or decrease of the charging current of the battery through a preset control algorithm, wherein the control algorithm includes proportional-integral-differential control (Proportion Integral Differential, PID) Algorithm, least square method, Kalman filter algorithm, Romberg observer, predictive control algorithm, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment.

In the above charging method, the terminal obtains the battery parameters during the charging process of the battery, determines the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, and reduces the charging of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is lower than the potential threshold. Current; when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, increase the charging current of the battery so that the negative electrode potential of the battery is within the range corresponding to the potential threshold. Wherein, the battery parameter includes at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage.

Through the pre-built correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, the application can separate the positive and negative characteristics of the battery during battery charging, provide key signals inside the battery, and obtain the negative electrode potential of the battery in real time, realizing a closed-loop Negative electrode potential real-time prediction, after obtaining the current negative electrode potential of the battery, according to the size of the current negative electrode potential and the potential threshold, when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, increase the charging current in time, and when the current negative electrode potential is less than the potential threshold Under certain circumstances, the charging potential is reduced in time to realize the dynamic adjustment of the closed-loop charging current, and the dynamic adjustment of the charging current makes the current negative potential within the range corresponding to the preset potential threshold, ensuring that the negative potential of the battery will not appear overpotential In this way, the impact on battery life and battery safety caused by excessive negative potential of the battery is avoided, so that the battery can exert its maximum charging capacity within the safe range that its battery life and battery safety are not affected by the negative potential of the battery, that is, , this solution realizes the purpose of fast charging of the battery under the premise of maintaining safety.

The terminal executes the above step 202, and determines the current negative potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative potential, including any of the following situations:

In one scenario, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.

In this embodiment, the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset correspondence between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential. Each of the current electric quantities, so as to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to each current electric quantity according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.

In another scenario, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential.

In this embodiment, the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset correspondence between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential. In this scenario, the terminal can obtain each current open circuit voltage of the battery during the charging process of the battery. , since the open-circuit voltage is calculated according to the potential difference between the positive and negative poles of the battery in the open-circuit state, during the battery charging process, the terminal can set multiple open-circuit states of the battery to calculate the current open-circuit voltage in each open-circuit state. The corresponding relationship between the voltage and the negative electrode potential determines the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to the open circuit voltage in each open circuit state.

In yet another scenario, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the voltage and the negative electrode potential.

In this embodiment, the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset correspondence between the voltage and the negative electrode potential. Each of the current voltages, so as to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to each current voltage according to the corresponding relationship between the voltage and the negative electrode potential.

Optionally, according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, determining the current negative electrode potential of the battery also includes any of the following:

In one scenario, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the temperature, the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.

In this embodiment, the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset temperature, the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential. In this scenario, during the charging process of the battery, the terminal can Each current electric quantity of the battery at different temperatures is obtained, so as to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to each current electric quantity at different temperatures according to the corresponding relationship between the temperature, the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.

In another scenario, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the temperature, the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential.

In this embodiment, the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset temperature, the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential. In this scenario, the terminal can obtain each open circuit voltage of the battery during the battery charging process. Voltage, since the open circuit voltage is calculated according to the potential difference between the positive and negative poles of the battery in the open circuit state, during the charging process of the battery, the terminal can set multiple open circuit states of the battery at different temperatures, so as to calculate the voltage of each open circuit state at different temperatures According to the corresponding relationship between temperature, open circuit voltage and negative electrode potential, the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to the open circuit voltage in each open circuit state at different temperatures is determined.

In yet another scenario, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined according to the corresponding relationship between temperature, voltage and negative electrode potential.

In this embodiment, the terminal can determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the preset corresponding relationship between temperature, voltage and negative electrode potential. Each current voltage of the battery at different temperatures is obtained, so as to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to each voltage at different temperatures according to the corresponding relationship between temperature, voltage and negative electrode potential.

In the above scenarios, the temperature can be the temperature of the environment where the battery is located, and the terminal can obtain the temperature value of the environment where the battery is located through a temperature sensor; the temperature can also be the temperature of the battery itself, and the terminal can obtain the temperature of the battery through a temperature sensor installed inside the battery. The temperature value is not limited in this embodiment.

In the above scenarios, the terminal can determine the current negative potential of the battery during the charging process according to the preset correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative potential. The correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative potential is relatively simple. , avoiding the calculation deviation of the negative electrode potential due to complex calculations, and improving the calculation efficiency of determining the negative electrode potential of the battery during charging. In addition, the multidimensional relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential is established according to the battery parameters. The multidimensional relationship can more accurately express the actual state of the battery, making the negative electrode potential obtained according to the multidimensional relationship more accurate.

In the above scenario, one of the optional implementation methods for the terminal to determine the current negative potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative potential, as shown in Figure 3, includes:

Step 301, determine the current battery overpotential according to the current battery capacity.

Among them, the battery overpotential is used to represent the point deviation between the battery in the open circuit state and the state of the energized current.

In an optional embodiment, the terminal may determine the current battery overpotential according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the overpotential.

Among them, the relationship between the amount of electricity and the overpotential can be pre-built by the terminal, for example, the terminal can obtain the open circuit voltage of the battery under each amount of electricity, and the measured voltage corresponding to each amount of electricity during the charging process of the battery with a certain charging current , according to the open circuit voltage, the measured voltage, and the corresponding charging current under each electric quantity, determine the current battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity.

Or, in another optional embodiment, the current open circuit voltage of the battery is determined according to the current capacity of the battery; the current overpotential of the battery is determined according to the current open circuit voltage.

There is a corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the open circuit voltage, and a corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the battery overpotential, and the corresponding relationship may be pre-built by the terminal. Exemplarily, the terminal may acquire the open-circuit voltage of the battery under different electric quantities of the battery, so that there is a corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the open-circuit voltage. The terminal obtains the measured voltage of the battery corresponding to the open circuit voltage, thereby obtaining the overpotential of the battery according to the open circuit voltage and the measured voltage, thereby constructing a corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the overpotential of the battery. After constructing the above corresponding relationship, after the terminal obtains the current battery power, it can determine the current battery corresponding to the current power according to the corresponding relationship between the power and the open circuit voltage, and the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the battery overpotential. The overpotential is not limited in this embodiment.

Step 302: Determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential.

Wherein, the proportional relationship between the overpotential of the battery and the overpotential of the negative electrode refers to the ratio between the overpotential of the negative electrode and the overpotential of the battery. In this embodiment, after determining the battery overpotential, the terminal calculates the current negative electrode overpotential of the battery according to the ratio between the negative electrode overpotential and the battery overpotential, and then determines the current negative electrode potential according to the current negative electrode overpotential.

Optionally, an optional embodiment of determining the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential, as shown in FIG. 4 , includes:

Step 401 , according to the proportional relationship between the overpotential of the battery and the overpotential of the negative electrode, the current negative electrode overpotential of the battery is obtained.

In this embodiment, the terminal can calculate the current negative electrode overpotential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential and the battery overpotential, for example, the ratio of the battery overpotential to the negative electrode overpotential The product of the overpotential and the overpotential of the battery is the current negative overpotential of the battery.

Step 402: Determine the current negative open-circuit voltage of the battery according to the correspondence between the electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage.

If there is no sequential relationship with step 401, the terminal can determine the current negative open circuit voltage of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open circuit voltage. , to obtain the negative open-circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity, wherein, the terminal can refer to the reference electrode in the battery, and obtain the current negative open-circuit voltage under each electric quantity according to the parameter electrode and the negative electrode; or, the terminal can also disassemble the complete battery, Assemble the negative electrode, diaphragm, lithium sheet, and electrolyte into a negative electrode half-cell, and obtain the corresponding negative electrode open circuit voltage under each electric quantity based on the negative electrode half cell, so as to form the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode open circuit voltage. This embodiment does not discuss this Do limited.

Step 403, according to the current negative electrode overpotential and the current negative electrode open circuit voltage of the battery, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is obtained.

In this embodiment, the terminal can determine the current negative potential of the battery by calculating the difference between the open circuit voltage and the negative overpotential after obtaining the negative overpotential and the negative open circuit voltage under the current power level, which is not limited in this embodiment .

In this embodiment, the terminal can separate the characteristics of the negative electrode of the battery according to the correspondence between the multiple parameters constructed, so as to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery corresponding to the battery power according to the battery power and the battery overpotential, and further can According to the potential of the negative electrode, the control of the charging current of the battery is realized, and the safe and fast charging of the battery is realized.

During the process of charging the battery, the terminal can obtain the battery parameters of the battery in real time. Exemplarily, in an optional embodiment, it includes:

After charging the battery with the first charging current for a preset duration or a preset voltage, battery parameters are acquired.

In this embodiment, the terminal can directly charge the battery with the first charging current. When the charging of the battery is in a stable state, for example, the charging time of the battery reaches the preset time, or the measured voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, it is considered that the battery It is already in a stable state. In this stable state, the terminal obtains battery parameters of the battery, for example, obtains multiple electric quantities, multiple measured voltages, and multiple temperature values of the battery.

Or, in another optional embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, including:

Step 501, after charging the battery with the first charging current for a preset duration or a preset voltage, adjust the first charging current to the second charging current to charge the battery;

Wherein, the second charging current may be a current after the size of the first charging current is adjusted; it may also be a new charging current re-input after the first charging current is cut off and the current is adjusted.

In this embodiment, the first charging current is determined according to the actual attribute parameters of the battery. Generally, the first charging current is smaller than the second charging current. The purpose of the terminal charging the battery with the first charging current is to make the battery have a certain amount of power. , after the battery is in a charging stable state, the battery parameters of the battery are obtained, therefore, the first charging current may be a smaller set current, for example, 2A. After charging the battery with a constant current for a preset period of time with the first charging current, the charging current is adjusted to a larger second charging current to charge the battery. The preset duration here may be several seconds or several minutes, which is not limited here.

Step 502, during the process of charging the battery with the second charging current, battery parameters are acquired.

In this embodiment, when the terminal uses the second charging current to charge the battery, the battery parameters of the battery can be acquired according to a certain acquisition frequency, and the battery parameters of the battery can also be acquired in real time. In the scenario of voltage and temperature, the terminal can obtain the battery parameters in real time or according to the preset frequency during the process of charging with the second charging current. During the process, battery parameters are obtained according to a certain frequency, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Taking Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 as an example, the abscissa of Fig. 6 represents the charging time of the battery, the ordinate represents the negative electrode potential of the battery, the abscissa of Fig. 7 represents the charging time of the battery, and the ordinate represents the charging current of the battery. As shown in Figure 7, when the battery is just being charged, the first charging current is used to charge the battery. When the charging current reaches the preset time, the second charging current is used to charge the battery. During the process of charging the battery with the second charging current, the voltage of the battery is collected, and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery is determined according to the voltage of the battery. Potential controls the second charging current, as shown in Figure 7, the second charging current is controlled according to the negative electrode potential of the battery to decrease, the feedback can be seen in Figure 6 that the negative electrode potential of the battery has been maintained at about 0mV, and in the later stage of the second charging As the current decreases, the potential of the negative electrode of the battery rises slowly, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of lithium precipitation in the battery.

In this embodiment, the terminal first charges the battery with a small first charging current for a period of time, so that the battery has a certain amount of power, and then adjusts the charging current to a larger second charging current to obtain the voltage of the battery, so that the battery In the fast charging environment, obtain the battery parameters of the battery in the fast charging environment. The obtained battery parameters are the parameters in the fast charging scene, which are more accurate and more suitable for the actual scene.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8 , a charging method is provided. The method is applied to the terminal in FIG. 1 as an example for execution, and the method includes the following steps:

Step 601 , during the process of discharging the battery, acquire multiple values of the battery parameters and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, capacity and open circuit voltage.

The battery in this embodiment is similar to the battery in step 201. It can be any terminal or terminal rechargeable battery, such as a mobile phone battery, a notebook battery, a car battery, etc. The battery type can also be a lithium ion battery, a lithium A polymer battery, etc., the type of the battery is not limited in this embodiment.

In this embodiment, similarly, the terminal may detect whether there is a discharge current in the battery through the detection circuit, and determine that the battery is in a discharge state if it is determined that the discharge current exists. When the battery is in the discharge state, the terminal acquires multiple values of the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential of the battery during the discharge process. Optionally, one of the acquisition methods includes, after the terminal fully charges the battery and leaves it for a period of time, according to a set Discharge the battery with a predetermined small discharge current until the battery voltage reaches the cut-off voltage. During the discharge process, multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery are obtained. For example, the terminal obtains multiple electric quantities and negative electrode potentials of the battery during the discharge process ; or, another acquisition method includes, after the terminal fully charges the battery and waits for a period of time, stepping according to the set parameters, for example, according to a certain power step, discharging the battery to each preset power level , to obtain the various electric quantities and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery during the discharge process, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Step 602, according to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential, determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential during charging threshold.

In this embodiment, the terminal constructs the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential according to the obtained multiple values of the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, so as to obtain the negative electrode potential of the battery in real time during the charging process through the corresponding relationship, Therefore, according to the magnitude relationship between the negative electrode potential and the preset potential threshold, the charging current of the battery is controlled so that the negative electrode potential of the battery is always kept within the potential threshold range, avoiding the problem that the negative electrode potential of the battery is too large and affects the battery life and safety. .

Wherein, the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential can be a two-dimensional correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, for example, including the correspondence between the battery power and the negative electrode potential, the correspondence between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential relationship, the corresponding relationship between voltage and negative electrode potential, etc.; the corresponding relationship between battery parameters and negative electrode potential can also be a multi-dimensional corresponding relationship, for example, including the three-dimensional corresponding relationship between open circuit voltage, electric quantity and negative electrode potential, temperature, electric quantity The three-dimensional correspondence between the negative electrode potential, or the multidimensional correspondence between temperature, voltage, electricity, open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential. Optionally, the correspondence (two-dimensional correspondence and/or multi-dimensional correspondence) between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential may be stored in a storage unit of the terminal. For example, it may be stored in a storage unit in the form of a data table or a database. Such data tables or databases may be constructed during terminal design, production and/or testing phases. When the battery parameters are obtained, the negative electrode potential of the battery (ie, the current negative electrode potential) corresponding to the current battery parameters can be determined by searching in the data table or the database.

In some embodiments, the potential threshold is a safety threshold to ensure safe/effective charging of the battery. For example, the potential threshold can be set to 0V, or a value lower than 0V, such as -20mV, -10mV, etc. The potential threshold can also be in a range, for example, 0V-0.2V, -0.2V-0V, -10mV--5mV and so on. In the embodiment of the present application, the charging current is controlled so that the negative battery of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process. "Not exceeding" may mean not greater than or not less than, and may also mean not greater than or not less than the potential threshold value increased or decreased by a certain value. For example, not more than or not less than (potential threshold ±0.1 mV). Additionally, in some embodiments, the potential threshold can be dynamically adjusted during charging. For example, when the selected charging parameters are different, the corresponding potential thresholds are different, and the potential thresholds can be adjusted. Alternatively, the potential threshold is increased or decreased according to the number of times of charging cycles or the duration of use of the battery. For example, when the number of charging cycles of the battery reaches A times, the potential threshold can be increased by a certain value.

Optionally, in some scenarios, multiple values of the battery parameters and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery can also be obtained during the charging process of the battery, and the relationship between the parameters of the battery and the potential of the negative electrode can be determined according to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the potential of the negative electrode. Correspondence between.

During the battery charging process, the battery parameters that affect the battery charging may also include many parameters, for example, the battery parameters may include at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity, and open circuit voltage, and may also include battery temperature, internal resistance, current, etc. It should be understood that battery parameters such as temperature, internal resistance, and current may also be associated with the negative electrode potential and stored. The corresponding relationship between battery parameters and negative electrode potential can be selected according to needs, for example, select any one or more of the battery’s power, voltage, current, open circuit voltage, temperature, and internal resistance to establish a corresponding relationship with the negative electrode potential .

In some embodiments, when the selected battery parameters are different, the corresponding potential thresholds may be different. Combined with changes in battery parameters during charging, the potential threshold can also be dynamically adjusted. For example, when the battery parameter is power, the potential threshold is -2mv when the power is 10%-20%, and the adjusted potential threshold is 0mv when the power is 50%-70%. When the battery parameter is voltage, the potential threshold is -10mv when the voltage is 3V-4.2V, and the potential threshold is 0mv when the voltage is 4.2V-4.4V. For other battery parameters, such as internal resistance, the internal resistance of different stages also corresponds to its different The potential threshold is not limited in this embodiment.

It should be noted that the construction of the two-dimensional or multi-dimensional correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential provided in this embodiment is not limited to construction during the charging or discharging process of the battery. In the above embodiment, the change of each battery parameter in the discharge process is corresponding to the change of the potential of the negative electrode. During the charging process, similarly, the terminal can also form a corresponding relationship with the change of the negative electrode potential according to the change of each battery parameter. For example, similarly, the terminal charges the battery according to a set charging current until the voltage of the battery To reach a stable voltage, during the charging process, obtain multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery, for example, the terminal obtains multiple electric quantities and negative electrode potentials of the battery during the charging process; During the charging process, stepping according to the set parameters, for example, according to a certain power step, charging the battery to each preset power level, and obtaining the various power levels and negative electrode potentials of the battery during the charging process, this embodiment There is no limit to this.

In the above charging method, the terminal acquires multiple values of the battery parameters and the potential of the negative electrode of the battery during the process of discharging the battery, and determines the correspondence between the battery parameters and the potential of the negative electrode according to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the potential of the negative electrode ; The corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery, so that during the charging process, the potential of the negative electrode of the battery remains within the potential threshold range. Wherein, the battery parameter includes at least one of the battery voltage, battery capacity and open circuit voltage. In this solution, the terminal can obtain the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential of the battery during the discharge or charging process of the battery, so as to construct the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, and apply the corresponding relationship to the battery charging process. According to the corresponding The relationship adjusts the negative electrode potential of the battery in real time, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery is always kept within the preset potential range, avoiding the threat of excessive negative electrode potential to battery life and safety, and realizing the purpose of safe and fast charging of the battery.

In the process of building battery parameters and negative electrode potential at the terminal, in one of the optional embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9 , during the process of discharging the battery, multiple battery parameters and negative electrode potential of the battery are obtained, including:

Step 701 , during the process of discharging the battery, acquire multiple electric quantities of the battery and battery overpotentials corresponding to each electric quantity.

In this embodiment, for obtaining multiple electric quantities of the battery, the terminal acquires multiple electric quantities of the battery during the process of discharging current with a preset discharge current. Wherein, the battery power can be obtained according to a certain time step. Wherein, the electric quantity of the battery can be calculated by preset discharge current and the maximum capacity value of the battery. Exemplary low, the discharge power is the product of the discharge time and the preset discharge current, and the battery power is the difference between the maximum capacity value of the battery and the discharge power value. Optionally, the ratio of the difference value to the maximum capacity value of the battery To represent the power of the sample battery. For obtaining the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity, the terminal may determine the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity according to the electric quantity, the open circuit voltage, and the battery overpotential. Similarly, during the charging process, the terminal may also form a corresponding relationship according to the change of the battery power and the change of the overpotential of the battery, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In one of the optional embodiments, as shown in Figure 10, the method for obtaining the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity includes:

Step 801, obtain the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity.

In this embodiment, the terminal can obtain the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity during the discharge process of the battery according to a certain electric quantity step, and obtain the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the open circuit voltage.

Wherein, in one of the optional embodiments, as shown in Figure 11, the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity is obtained, including:

Step 901 , after the battery is fully charged and left to stand for a preset period of time, the battery is discharged to a cut-off voltage with a first discharge current.

In this embodiment, after the battery is fully charged and left to stand for a preset period of time t0, the battery is discharged with the first discharge current i0, and the measured voltage of the battery is recorded until the measured voltage of the battery reaches the cut-off voltage. Wherein, the first discharge current i0 can be a relatively small discharge current, for example, i0 is i0≤0.2C, preferably i0≤0.02C, C is the rate; the resting time is t0≥30min, preferably t0≥ 3h.

Step 902, during the battery discharging process, obtain the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity.

In this embodiment, during the discharge process of the battery, the terminal calculates the power of the battery according to the first discharge current i0, and obtains the open-circuit voltage OCV of the battery under each power, where the power of the battery refers to the remaining power of the battery, where the remaining The calculation method of power Q can be expressed as:

Q＝1-△Q/Qmax

Among them, Qmax is the total capacity of the battery from full to full discharge; ΔQ is the discharge capacity, ΔQ=∫i0dt, and the discharge capacity is the product of the first discharge current and the discharge time.

In this embodiment, the terminal obtains the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage OCV of the battery and the SOC of the battery according to the battery power SOC calculated in real time and the battery open circuit voltage OCV obtained in real time, that is, obtains the OCV-SOC characteristic curve . Optionally, the process for the terminal to obtain the OCV-SOC characteristic curve may also be: during the battery discharge process, the open circuit voltage OCV corresponding to the electric quantity is obtained according to a certain electric quantity step, so as to form the open circuit voltage OCV of the battery and the electric quantity SOC. Corresponding relationship, this embodiment does not limit the manner of obtaining the OCV-SOC characteristic curve. Similarly, during the charging process, the terminal can also use the cut-off voltage as the starting voltage and the voltage after it is fully charged as the stopping voltage. During the battery charging process, a corresponding relationship is formed according to the change of the open circuit voltage of the battery and the change of the battery power. This embodiment does not limit it.

Step 802, according to each open circuit voltage and the charging current of the battery, determine the battery overpotential corresponding to each open circuit voltage.

In this embodiment, the terminal can charge the battery with different charging currents, and obtain the open-circuit voltage and the measured voltage of the battery under different currents, so as to obtain the open-circuit voltage and the measured voltage of the battery according to the charging current, open-circuit voltage and measured voltage. Correspondence between potential and .

In this embodiment, according to the OCV-SOC characteristic curve in step 801, the terminal can determine the corresponding open circuit voltage OCV under each electric quantity, so that the terminal can determine the corresponding open circuit voltage V and the open circuit voltage OCV under different electric quantities under different currents I, The overpotential △φ of the battery corresponding to the SOC of different electric quantities under different current I is calculated, so as to obtain the overpotential of the battery corresponding to each open-circuit voltage under different current I, wherein, for example, the terminal obtains the actual measurement under different current I After the voltage V and the open circuit voltage OCV, the calculation method of the overpotential can be expressed as:

△φ＝V-OCV

Step 803, according to the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity and the battery overpotential corresponding to each open circuit voltage, determine the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity.

Further, the terminal can obtain the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity, the current and the battery overpotential according to the corresponding relationship between the current, the open circuit voltage and the battery overpotential obtained in the above step 802, and the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the electric quantity obtained in the above step 801 SOC-I-Δφ, that is, to obtain the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the overpotential of the battery, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Step 702, according to the proportional relationship between the overpotential of each battery and the overpotential of the negative electrode, determine the potential of the negative electrode corresponding to the overpotential of each battery.

In this embodiment, after the terminal obtains the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential, for example, the ratio of the negative electrode overpotential to the battery overpotential is obtained, and the terminal determines the battery overpotential according to the ratio and the battery overpotential The negative electrode overpotential of , so as to determine the corresponding negative electrode potential according to the negative electrode overpotential.

In one of the implementation methods, as shown in Figure 12, determining the negative electrode potential corresponding to the overpotential of each battery includes:

Step 1001, according to the proportional relationship between the overpotential of each battery and the overpotential of the negative electrode, determine the overpotential of the negative electrode corresponding to the overpotential of each battery.

In this embodiment, the terminal can determine the negative electrode overpotential of the battery according to the ratio of the negative electrode overpotential to the battery overpotential and the battery overpotential. overpotential.

In one of the optional embodiments, as shown in Figure 13, the method for determining the proportional relationship between the negative electrode overpotential and the battery overpotential includes:

Step 1101 , in the process of charging the negative half-cell corresponding to the battery, obtain the negative overpotential corresponding to the multiple electric quantities of the negative half-cell.

It is similar to the battery overpotential corresponding to the battery power obtained in step 803 above. In this embodiment, the terminal can form a negative half-cell and a positive half-cell by dismantling the sample battery, obtain the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the overpotential of the negative electrode by performing a charge test on the negative half-cell, The charging test obtains the correspondence between the individual quantities of electricity in the positive half-cell and the positive overpotential.

For the negative half-battery, the terminal obtains the measured voltage V negative and negative open-circuit voltage OCV negative under each power level during the process of charging the negative half-battery with different currents, and calculates according to the measured voltage V negative, negative open-circuit voltage OCV negative and current I under each power level The negative electrode overpotential △φ negative corresponding to each electric quantity forms the corresponding relationship between electric quantity, current and negative electrode overpotential, that is, SOC-I-△φnegative. Among them, the formula for calculating the negative electrode overpotential can be expressed as:

△φ _negative = V _negative - OCV _negative

For the positive half-battery, the terminal obtains the measured voltage V positive and the negative open-circuit voltage OCV positive of each power in the process of charging the positive half-battery with different currents. According to the measured voltage V positive, negative open-circuit voltage OCV positive and current of each power I calculate the negative electrode overpotential △φpositive corresponding to each electric quantity, and form the corresponding relationship between electric quantity, current and positive electrode overpotential, that is, SOC-I-△φpositive. Among them, the formula for calculating the negative electrode overpotential can be expressed as:

△ _φpositive ＝ _Vpositive - _OCVpositive

Optionally, the terminal can also charge the positive half-battery and the negative half-battery respectively through other charging methods, and respectively obtain the SOC-I-△φ positive relationship and the SOC-I-△φ negative relationship formed during the charging process, This embodiment does not limit the manner of obtaining the corresponding relationship. Similarly, the terminal can also form a corresponding relationship between the change of the negative overpotential of the negative half-cell and the change of the battery power during the discharge process, and the corresponding relationship between the change of the positive overpotential of the positive half-cell and the change of the battery power. The embodiment does not limit this.

Step 1102, according to the overpotential of the negative electrode corresponding to each quantity of electricity and the overpotential of the battery corresponding to each quantity of electricity, determine the proportional relationship between the overpotential of the negative electrode corresponding to each quantity of electricity and the overpotential of the battery.

Wherein, the proportional relationship between the overpotential of the negative electrode and the overpotential of the battery may be the ratio of the overpotential of the negative electrode to the overpotential of the battery, that is, the proportion of the overpotential of the negative electrode in the overpotential of the battery.

In this embodiment, after obtaining the SOC-I-△φ relationship, the SOC-I-△φ positive relationship, and the SOC-I-△φ negative relationship, the terminal can respectively calculate the corresponding The proportion of positive and negative overpotentials, among them, the proportion of positive overpotential mpositive = △positive/△φ, the proportion of negative overpotential mnegative = △negative/△φ, thus forming the proportion of electricity, current, and positive overpotential , The corresponding relationship between the negative electrode overpotential ratio SOC-I-△φ-mpositive-mnegative, the terminal can determine the corresponding negative electrode overpotential ratio under each power according to the corresponding relationship.

Optionally, in the fully charged state, the corresponding relationship between the battery voltage and the positive and negative electrode potentials is as follows: V=4.45V, φpositive=4.5V, φnegative=0.05V; in the fully charged state, the possible battery voltage, positive The corresponding relationship of the negative electrode potential is as follows: V=3V, φ+=3.8V, φ+=0.6V; this embodiment does not limit it.

Optionally, after the terminal obtains the corresponding relationship SOC-I-△φ-mpositive-mnegative among the electric quantity, current, positive overpotential proportion, and negative overpotential proportion, it determines the corresponding overpotential of each battery Δφ The negative electrode potential φ is negative, and the calculation method of the negative electrode overpotential is Δφnegative=mnegative*Δφ, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Step 1002, according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open circuit voltage, determine the negative open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity.

Wherein, as shown in Figure 14, the method for determining the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage includes:

Step 1201, using the first voltage as the starting voltage and the second voltage as the cut-off voltage, using the second discharge current to discharge the negative half-cell of the battery;

Step 1202, during the discharge process, obtain multiple electric quantities of the negative half-cells and the negative open-circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity, so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage;

Wherein, the first voltage is the negative electrode voltage of the corresponding negative electrode half-cell after the battery is fully charged and rested for a preset period of time, and the second voltage is the negative electrode voltage of the corresponding negative electrode half-cell when the battery is discharged to the cut-off voltage.

In this embodiment, the terminal can form a negative half-cell and a positive half-cell by dismantling the sample battery, obtain the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the open-circuit voltage of the negative electrode by performing a discharge test on the negative half-cell, and conduct a discharge test on the positive half-cell The discharge test obtains the correspondence between the charge in the positive half-cell and the positive voltage.

Among them, the terminal can disassemble the battery that is fully charged and rested for a preset period of time t0 to obtain positive and negative pole pieces respectively, and assemble one of the pole pieces with a diaphragm, a lithium piece, and an electrolyte to form a half-battery to form a positive half-battery and For the negative half-cell, measure the positive half-cell and the negative half-cell respectively, and obtain the open circuit voltage OCV _{positive 1} and OCV _{negative 1} after the positive and negative electrodes are fully charged; disassemble the battery after being discharged to the cut-off voltage and standing at t ₀ , to obtain the positive and negative pole pieces respectively, take one side of the pole piece and assemble it with the separator, lithium sheet, and electrolyte to form a half-cell to form a positive half-cell and a negative half-cell, respectively measure the positive half-cell and the negative half-cell, and obtain the positive The open circuit voltage OCV _{is positive 0} and OCV _{is negative 0} after the negative pole is fully charged.

For the negative half-cell, the terminal uses OCV minus 0 as the initial voltage of the negative half-cell, OCV minus 1 as the cut-off voltage of the negative half-cell, and uses the second discharge current to discharge the negative half-cell. During the discharge process, the negative half-cell is obtained The corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage, that is, the OCV negative-SOC negative curve. Wherein, the second discharge current is the first discharge current i0 of a certain rate, and the first discharge current i0 is the discharge current when the full battery is discharged in step 901 .

For the positive half-cell, the terminal uses OCV positive 1 as the initial voltage of the positive half-cell, and OCV positive 0 as the cut-off voltage of the positive half-cell, and also uses the second discharge current to discharge the positive half-cell. The corresponding relationship between each amount of electricity in the battery and the positive open circuit voltage, that is, the OCV positive-SOC positive curve.

Optionally, the method for the terminal to obtain the relationship between the electric quantity and the open circuit voltage of the negative electrode and the relationship between the electric quantity and the open circuit voltage of the positive electrode further includes setting a reference electrode in the full battery, and obtaining the negative electrode-reference electrode respectively through the reference electrode. The relationship between the amount of electricity in the negative half-cell formed by the reference electrode and the open-circuit voltage of the negative electrode, and the relationship between the amount of electricity in the positive half-cell formed by the positive electrode-reference electrode and the open-circuit voltage of the positive electrode are not limited in this embodiment.

Similarly, during the charging process, the terminal can also use the cut-off voltage as the starting voltage and the voltage after being fully charged as the stop voltage to charge the negative half-cell and the positive half-cell. During the charging process, according to the open circuit of the negative half-cell The change of the voltage forms a corresponding relationship with the change of the battery power, and the change of the open circuit voltage of the positive half-cell corresponds to the change of the battery power, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Among them, it should be noted that the maximum capacity of the positive half-cell and/or the negative half-cell can be determined by the first discharge current i0 of a certain rate and the maximum capacity of the full battery; in addition, in the process of disassembling the battery, the battery To be consistent, the lithium slices of the battery are set too much, and the dismantling of the battery needs to be completed in an inert atmosphere and an anhydrous environment, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Step 1003, according to each negative electrode overpotential and the corresponding negative electrode open circuit voltage, calculate and obtain the negative electrode potential corresponding to each battery overpotential.

In this embodiment, the terminal obtains the relationship between the electric quantity SOC and the negative electrode overpotential Δφnegative through step 1101, and obtains the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity SOC and the negative electrode open circuit voltage OCV negative in step 1202, and obtains the negative electrode overpotential under each electric quantity. The corresponding relationship between the potential △φ negative and the negative open circuit voltage OCV negative, wherein, under each electric quantity SOC, the difference between the negative open circuit voltage OCV negative and the negative overpotential △φ negative is the negative electrode potential φ negative under the corresponding electric quantity, That is, negative electrode potential φnegative=OCVnegative−Δφnegative.

Step 703, according to the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity and the negative electrode potential corresponding to each battery overpotential, determine the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential.

In this embodiment, after the terminal determines the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the battery overpotential, and the corresponding relationship between each battery overpotential and the negative electrode potential determined in the above-mentioned embodiment, it can further determine the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity, the battery overpotential The corresponding relationship between the electric potential and the negative electrode potential, that is, the terminal may determine the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the negative electrode potential, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In this embodiment, the charge test and discharge test are respectively carried out according to the battery, the positive half-cell, and the negative half-cell, so as to obtain the correspondence between the open-circuit voltage and the electric quantity of the battery, OCV-SOC, and the correspondence between the electric quantity and the open-circuit voltage of the negative electrode. Correspondence between OCV negative-SOC negative, electric quantity and positive open-circuit voltage OCV positive-SOC positive, electric current and battery overpotential SOC-I-△φ, electric current and negative overpotential Correspondence between SOC-I-△φ negative, electric current and positive overpotential SOC-I-△φpositive, electric quantity, current, positive overpotential proportion, negative overpotential proportion SOC -I-△φ-m positive-m negative, the corresponding relationship between the negative electrode overpotential and the negative electrode potential, so that according to the determined corresponding relationship, in the case of obtaining the battery power, it can be determined according to these corresponding relationships. The corresponding negative electrode potential provides data support for the calculation and adjustment of the negative electrode potential during battery charging.

Similarly, in the process of testing the battery, different negative potential correspondences of the battery at different temperatures can also be considered, as shown in Figure 15, in one of the optional embodiments, the battery parameters also include temperature, The method also includes:

Step 1301, during the process of discharging the battery, obtain multiple temperatures of the battery.

In this embodiment, considering that the battery is affected differently under different ambient temperatures, the battery is tested at different set temperatures to obtain different temperatures of the battery. For example, different temperatures may include 10° C., 20° C., 30° C., 40° C., etc., wherein the temperature step may be 1° C., 2° C., 5° C., etc., which is not limited in this embodiment. Further, the terminal may obtain battery parameters corresponding to the battery at different temperatures, for example, obtain parameters such as battery power and open circuit voltage at different temperatures.

Step 1302, according to the battery overpotentials corresponding to each electric quantity at different temperatures and the negative electrode potentials corresponding to each battery overpotential, determine the corresponding relationship among temperature, electric quantity and negative electrode potential.

In this embodiment, the terminal can construct the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters at different temperatures and the potential of the point negative electrode by acquiring the battery parameters at different temperatures. Wherein, for example, the terminal determines the corresponding relationship among temperature, power quantity, and negative electrode potential according to the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity at different temperatures and the negative electrode potential corresponding to each battery overpotential, which is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment in Figures 8-14 The provided method for determining the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential is similar, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment. It should be noted that, the corresponding relationship between the construction battery parameters and the negative electrode potential provided by this solution can be determined according to actual needs, and it can be a multi-dimensional corresponding relationship, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Similarly, during the charging process, the terminal may also form a corresponding relationship according to the change of the temperature of the battery, the change of the electric quantity and the change of the potential of the negative electrode, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In this embodiment, considering the environmental factors that may affect the battery, a temperature parameter is added to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential, so that the battery negative electrode potential is calculated based on the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential , the calculated negative potential is more accurate.

In order to better illustrate the above method, as shown in Figure 16, this embodiment provides a charging method, which specifically includes:

S101. At different temperatures, after the battery is fully charged and left to stand for a preset period of time, the battery is discharged to the cut-off voltage with the first discharge current;

S102. During the discharge process of the battery, obtain a plurality of open circuit voltages of the battery at different temperatures and the electric quantity corresponding to each open circuit voltage, so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the open circuit voltage at different temperatures;

S103. At corresponding different temperatures, with the first voltage as the starting voltage and the second voltage as the cut-off voltage, the negative electrode half-cell and the positive electrode half-cell of the battery are respectively discharged with the second discharge current, and determined at the corresponding temperature The multiple electric quantities of the negative half-cell and the positive half-cell and the negative open-circuit voltage and the positive open-circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity are used to obtain the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage at different temperatures, the electric quantity and the positive electrode at different temperatures Correspondence between open circuit voltages;

S104. At corresponding different temperatures, use different charging currents to charge the battery, obtain multiple electric quantities of the battery at corresponding temperatures and the overpotentials corresponding to each electric quantity, and obtain the relationship between the electric quantities, charging currents, and battery overpotentials at different temperatures corresponding relationship;

S105. At corresponding different temperatures, use different charging currents to charge the negative electrode half-cell and the positive electrode half-cell respectively, and obtain the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity of the negative electrode half-cell at different temperatures, the charging current and the overpotential of the negative electrode, and the positive electrode half-cell. Correspondence between the power, charging current and positive electrode overpotential of the half-cell at different temperatures;

S106. According to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity, the charging current and the overpotential of the battery, the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity, the charging current and the overpotential of the negative electrode, and the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity, the charging current and the overpotential of the positive electrode at different temperatures, it is obtained Proportion of battery negative overpotential;

S107. According to the battery overpotential and negative electrode overpotential ratio corresponding to each electric quantity at different temperatures, determine the negative electrode overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity at different temperatures;

S108. According to the negative electrode voltage and the negative electrode overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity at different temperatures, determine the negative electrode potential corresponding to the electric quantity at different temperatures, and form the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the negative electrode potential at different temperatures;

S109. During the process of charging the battery, obtain the current power and current temperature of the battery;

S110. Obtain the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the current electric quantity of the battery, the current temperature, and the corresponding relationship between each electric quantity and the negative electrode potential at different temperatures;

S111. When the current negative electrode potential is lower than the potential threshold, decrease the charging current of the battery; when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, increase the charging current of the battery.

In this embodiment, through the corresponding relationship between battery parameters and negative electrode potential, the positive and negative characteristics of the battery can be separated during battery charging, key signals inside the battery can be provided, and the negative electrode potential of the battery can be obtained in real time to achieve a closed loop Real-time prediction of the negative electrode potential of the battery. After obtaining the current negative electrode potential of the battery, according to the size of the current negative electrode potential and the potential threshold, when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, increase the charging current in time, and when the current negative electrode potential is lower than the potential threshold. Under the circumstances, the charging potential is reduced in time, and the dynamic adjustment of the closed-loop charging current is realized. The dynamic adjustment of the charging current makes the current negative electrode potential within the range corresponding to the preset potential threshold, ensuring that the negative electrode potential of the battery will not appear overpotential. In this way, the impact on battery life and battery safety caused by excessive negative electrode potential of the battery is avoided, so that the battery can exert the maximum charging capacity within the safe range where the battery life and battery safety are not affected by the negative electrode potential of the battery. That is, this solution realizes the purpose of fast charging of the battery under the premise of maintaining safety.

The charging method provided by the above-mentioned embodiment has similar implementation principles and technical effects to those of the above-mentioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

It should be understood that although the steps in the flow charts involved in the above embodiments are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed sequentially in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flow charts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments may include multiple steps or stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but may be performed at different times For execution, the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily performed sequentially, but may be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of steps or stages in other steps.

Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a charging device for implementing the above-mentioned charging method. The solution to the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation described in the above method, so the specific limitations in one or more embodiments of the charging device provided below can refer to the definition of the charging method above, here No longer.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 17, a charging device is provided, comprising:

The acquisition module 01 is used to acquire battery parameters during the process of charging the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the voltage, power and open circuit voltage of the battery;

A determining module 02, configured to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential;

The control module 03 is used to reduce the charging current of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is less than the potential threshold; increase the charging current of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential during the charging process threshold.

In one of the optional embodiments, the determining module 02 is configured to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential; determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the negative electrode potential; The corresponding relationship between the voltage and the negative electrode potential determines the current negative electrode potential of the battery.

In an optional embodiment, the determining module 02 is configured to determine the current battery overpotential according to the battery capacity; and determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential.

In one of the optional embodiments, the determining module 02 is configured to determine the current battery overpotential according to the correspondence between the electric quantity and the overpotential; or, determine the current open circuit voltage of the battery according to the electric quantity of the battery; Determine the current battery overpotential.

In one of the optional embodiments, the determination module 02 is used to obtain the current negative electrode overpotential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential; according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode open circuit voltage, Determine the current negative open-circuit voltage of the battery; obtain the current negative potential of the battery according to the negative overpotential and the negative open-circuit voltage of the battery.

In an optional embodiment, the battery parameters also include the temperature of the battery, and the determination module 02 is used to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between temperature, electric quantity and negative electrode potential; according to the temperature, open circuit voltage and negative electrode potential Determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between them; determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between temperature, voltage and negative electrode potential.

In an optional embodiment, the acquiring module 01 is configured to acquire battery parameters after charging the battery with the first charging current for a preset duration or a preset voltage.

In one of the optional embodiments, the obtaining module 01 is configured to charge the battery with the first charging current for a preset duration or a preset voltage, and then adjust the first charging current to charge the battery with the second charging current; During the process of charging the battery with the second charging current, battery parameters are obtained.

In one of the optional embodiments, the acquisition module 01 is configured to acquire battery parameters at preset time intervals; the time intervals are determined according to the usage time of the battery and/or the state of the battery.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 18, a charging device is provided, comprising:

An acquisition module 11, configured to acquire multiple values of battery parameters and negative electrode potentials of the battery during the process of discharging the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the voltage, power and open circuit voltage of the battery;

The determination module 12 is used to determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential according to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery so that the negative electrode potential of the battery is The potential threshold is not exceeded.

In one of the optional embodiments, the obtaining module 11 is used to obtain multiple electric quantities of the battery and the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity during the process of discharging the battery; according to the proportion of each battery overpotential and negative electrode overpotential, Determine the negative electrode potential corresponding to the overpotential of each battery; determine the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential according to the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity and the negative electrode potential corresponding to each battery overpotential.

In one of the optional embodiments, the acquisition module 11 is used to obtain the open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity; determine the battery overpotential corresponding to each open circuit voltage according to each open circuit voltage and the charging current of the battery; voltage and the battery overpotential corresponding to each open circuit voltage, and determine the battery overpotential corresponding to each electric quantity.

In one of the optional embodiments, the acquisition module 11 is configured to discharge the battery to the cut-off voltage with the first discharge current after the battery is fully charged and rested for a preset period of time; Corresponding open circuit voltage.

In one of the optional embodiments, the acquisition module 11 is used to determine the negative electrode overpotential corresponding to each battery overpotential according to the proportional relationship between the overpotential of each battery and the overpotential of the negative electrode; According to the corresponding relationship of each electric quantity, determine the negative electrode open circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity; calculate and obtain the negative electrode potential corresponding to each battery overpotential according to each negative electrode overpotential and the corresponding negative electrode open circuit voltage.

In one of the optional embodiments, the acquisition module 11 is also used to acquire the negative electrode overpotentials corresponding to the multiple electric quantities of the negative electrode half batteries during the process of charging the negative electrode half batteries corresponding to the batteries; The overpotential and the overpotential of the battery corresponding to each quantity of electricity are used to determine the proportional relationship between the overpotential of the negative electrode corresponding to each quantity of electricity and the overpotential of the battery.

In one of the optional embodiments, the acquisition module 11 is also used to discharge the negative half-cell of the battery by using the second discharge current with the first voltage as the starting voltage and the second voltage as the cut-off voltage; process, to obtain multiple electric quantities of the negative half-cell and the negative open-circuit voltage corresponding to each electric quantity, so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage;

In one of the optional embodiments, the battery parameters also include temperature, and the obtaining module 11 is used to obtain multiple temperatures of the battery during the process of discharging the battery; Corresponding battery overpotentials and negative electrode potentials corresponding to each battery overpotential determine the corresponding relationship among temperature, electric quantity and negative electrode potential.

Each module in the above-mentioned charging device can be fully or partially realized by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, and can also be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can invoke and execute the corresponding operations of the above-mentioned modules.

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an electronic device in one embodiment. The electronic device can be any terminal device such as mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, desktop computer, PDA (Personal Digital Assistant, personal digital assistant), POS (Point of Sales, sales terminal), vehicle-mounted computer, wearable device, etc. The electronic device includes a processor and memory connected by a system bus. Wherein, the processor may include one or more processing units. The processor can be a CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit) or a DSP (Digital Signal Processing, digital signal processor), etc. The memory may include non-volatile storage media and internal memory. Nonvolatile storage media store operating systems and computer programs. The computer program can be executed by the processor to implement a charging method provided in the following embodiments. The internal memory provides a high-speed running environment for the operating system computer program in the non-volatile storage medium.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the structure shown in Figure 19 is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of this application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer equipment on which the solution of this application is applied. The specific computer equipment can be More or fewer components than shown in the figures may be included, or some components may be combined, or have a different arrangement of components.

In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:

The implementation principles and technical effects of the computer equipment provided by the above embodiments are similar to those of the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:

The implementation principles and technical effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided in the foregoing embodiments are similar to those of the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

The implementation principles and technical effects of the computer program products provided by the above embodiments are similar to those of the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

According to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential, the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential is determined; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery so that the negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold during the charging process.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through computer programs, and the computer programs can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable memory In the medium, when the computer program is executed, it may include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Wherein, any reference to storage, database or other media used in the various embodiments provided in the present application may include at least one of non-volatile and volatile storage. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive variable memory (ReRAM), magnetic variable memory (Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory, MRAM), Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FRAM), Phase Change Memory (Phase Change Memory, PCM), graphene memory, etc. The volatile memory may include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the various embodiments provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database may include a blockchain-based distributed database, etc., but is not limited thereto. The processors involved in the various embodiments provided by this application can be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processors, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, data processing logic devices based on quantum computing, etc., and are not limited to this.

The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be It is considered to be within the range described in this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present application, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

A charging method, characterized in that the method comprises:

In the process of charging the battery, battery parameters are obtained; the battery parameters include at least one of the battery voltage, power and open circuit voltage;

determining the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential;

When the current negative electrode potential is less than the potential threshold, reduce the charging current of the battery, and when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, increase the charging current of the battery, so that during the charging process The negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential includes any of the following:

Determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential;

determining the current negative potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage and the negative potential;

According to the corresponding relationship between the voltage and the negative electrode potential, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined.
The method according to claim 2, wherein the determining the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential includes:

determining the current battery overpotential according to the current battery capacity;

According to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined.
The method according to claim 3, wherein said determining the current battery overpotential according to the current battery capacity comprises:

Determine the current battery overpotential according to the correspondence between the electric quantity and the overpotential; or,

determining the current open-circuit voltage of the battery according to the current capacity of the battery; determining the current over-potential of the battery according to the current open-circuit voltage.
The method according to claim 3, wherein the determining the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential comprises:

Obtaining the current negative electrode overpotential of the battery according to the proportional relationship between the battery overpotential and the negative electrode overpotential;

Determine the current negative open circuit voltage of the battery according to the correspondence between the electric quantity and the negative open circuit voltage;

According to the current negative electrode overpotential and the current negative electrode open circuit voltage of the battery, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is obtained.
The method according to claim 2, wherein the battery parameters also include the temperature of the battery, and the determination of the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential includes the following any one:

Determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between temperature, electric quantity and negative electrode potential;

determining the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the corresponding relationship between temperature, open circuit voltage and negative electrode potential;

According to the corresponding relationship between temperature, voltage and negative electrode potential, the current negative electrode potential of the battery is determined.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring battery parameters during the process of charging the battery comprises:

After charging the battery with the first charging current for a preset duration or a preset voltage, the battery parameters are acquired.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring battery parameters during the process of charging the battery comprises:

After charging the battery with the first charging current for a preset duration or a preset voltage, adjusting the first charging current to a second charging current to charge the battery;

During the process of charging the battery with the second charging current, the battery parameter is acquired.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring battery parameters during the process of charging the battery comprises:

The battery parameters are acquired at preset time intervals.
A charging method, characterized in that the method further comprises:

In the process of discharging the battery, a plurality of values of battery parameters and the negative electrode potential of the battery are obtained; the battery parameters include at least one of the voltage, power and open circuit voltage of the battery;

According to multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential, determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery during the charging process The potential threshold is not exceeded.
The method according to claim 10, wherein, during the process of discharging the battery, obtaining multiple values of the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential of the battery comprises:

During the process of discharging the battery, acquiring a plurality of electric quantities of the battery and battery overpotentials corresponding to each electric quantity;

According to the proportional relationship between each of the battery overpotentials and the negative electrode overpotential, determine the negative electrode potential corresponding to each of the battery overpotentials;

According to the battery overpotential corresponding to each of the electric quantities and the negative electrode potential corresponding to each of the battery overpotentials, the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential is determined.
The method according to claim 10, wherein the acquiring the battery overpotential corresponding to each of the electric quantities comprises:

Obtaining the open circuit voltage corresponding to each of the electric quantities;

determining a battery overpotential corresponding to each of the open circuit voltages according to each of the open circuit voltages and the charging current of the battery;

According to the open circuit voltage corresponding to each of the electric quantities and the battery overpotential corresponding to each of the open circuit voltages, the battery overpotential corresponding to each of the electric quantities is determined.
The method according to claim 11, wherein said obtaining the open-circuit voltage corresponding to each said electric quantity comprises:

After the battery is fully charged and left to stand for a preset period of time, the battery is discharged to a cut-off voltage with a first discharge current;

During the discharge process of the battery, the open circuit voltage corresponding to each of the electric quantities is acquired.
The method according to any one of claims 10-12, wherein, according to the proportional relationship between each of the battery overpotentials and the negative electrode overpotentials, determining the negative electrode potential corresponding to each of the battery overpotentials includes :

According to the proportional relationship between each of the battery overpotentials and the negative electrode overpotential, determine the negative electrode overpotential corresponding to each of the battery overpotentials;

According to the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open circuit voltage, determine the negative open circuit voltage corresponding to each said electric quantity;

According to each of the negative electrode overpotentials and the corresponding negative electrode open circuit voltage, the negative electrode potential corresponding to each of the battery overpotentials is calculated.
The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the method further comprises:

In the process of charging the negative electrode half-cell corresponding to the battery, obtaining the negative electrode overpotential corresponding to the plurality of electric quantities of the negative electrode half-cell;

According to the negative electrode overpotential corresponding to each amount of electricity and the battery overpotential corresponding to each amount of electricity, the proportional relationship between the negative electrode overpotential corresponding to each amount of electricity and the battery overpotential is determined.
The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the method further comprises:

Discharging the negative half-cell of the battery with the first voltage as the starting voltage and the second voltage as the cut-off voltage with a second discharge current;

During the discharge process, acquiring multiple electric quantities of the negative half-cells and negative open-circuit voltages corresponding to each electric quantity, so as to obtain a corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative open-circuit voltage;

Wherein, the first voltage is the negative electrode voltage of the corresponding negative electrode half-cell after the battery is fully charged and left standing for a preset period of time, and the second voltage is the negative electrode voltage of the corresponding negative electrode half-cell when the battery is discharged to the cut-off voltage .
The method according to claim 11, wherein the battery parameters also include temperature, and the method further includes:

During the process of discharging the battery, acquiring multiple temperatures of the battery;

According to the battery overpotential corresponding to each of the electric quantities and the negative electrode potential corresponding to each of the battery overpotentials, the corresponding relationship between the electric quantity and the negative electrode potential is constructed, including:

According to the battery overpotential corresponding to each of the electric quantities at different temperatures and the negative electrode potential corresponding to each of the battery overpotentials, the corresponding relationship among temperature, electric quantity and negative electrode potential is determined.
A charging device, characterized in that the device comprises:

An acquisition module, configured to acquire battery parameters during the process of charging the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the voltage, power and open circuit voltage of the battery;

A determining module, configured to determine the current negative electrode potential of the battery according to the correspondence between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential;

A control module, configured to reduce the charging current of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is less than the potential threshold; increase the charging current of the battery when the current negative electrode potential is greater than the potential threshold, so that at the During the charging process, the potential of the negative electrode of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold.
A charging device, characterized in that the device also includes:

An acquisition module, configured to acquire multiple values of battery parameters and the negative electrode potential of the battery during the process of discharging the battery; the battery parameters include at least one of the battery's voltage, capacity, and open circuit voltage;

The determination module is used to determine the corresponding relationship between the battery parameters and the negative electrode potential according to the multiple values of the battery parameters of the battery and the negative electrode potential; the corresponding relationship is used to control the charging current of the battery, so that during the charging process The negative electrode potential of the battery does not exceed the potential threshold.
A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 when executing the computer program.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 are realized.
A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 are implemented.