WO2023087620A1 - 柔性光伏组件一体化结构、系统及系统的安装方法 - Google Patents

柔性光伏组件一体化结构、系统及系统的安装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023087620A1
WO2023087620A1 PCT/CN2022/088983 CN2022088983W WO2023087620A1 WO 2023087620 A1 WO2023087620 A1 WO 2023087620A1 CN 2022088983 W CN2022088983 W CN 2022088983W WO 2023087620 A1 WO2023087620 A1 WO 2023087620A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flexible photovoltaic
photovoltaic module
coil
hot air
coiled material
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PCT/CN2022/088983
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
夏远富
钱倩影
申吉
单永胜
王亚洲
余小辉
Original Assignee
固德威电源科技(广德)有限公司
江苏凯伦建材股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023087620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023087620A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
    • E04D11/02—Build-up roofs, i.e. consisting of two or more layers bonded together in situ, at least one of the layers being of watertight composition
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic products, and in particular relates to an integrated structure of a flexible photovoltaic module, a system and an installation method of the system.
  • the existing photovoltaic modules or panels are pasted with back adhesive or sealant or structural adhesive when installed on the roof.
  • the service life of the glue is extremely difficult to reach the same life as that of photovoltaics, and the temperature rise of photovoltaic products will further reduce the service life of the glue.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated structure of flexible photovoltaic modules, which greatly reduces the material cost and installation cost of the product.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an integrated structure of flexible photovoltaic modules, which includes a first coil, a flexible photovoltaic module integrated on the front surface of the first coil, and a An adhesive layer between the front of a coil and the flexible photovoltaic module, a hot air welding area is provided on the back of the first coil, the flexible photovoltaic module includes a backboard material, and the hot air on the first coil is The welding area is located at the corresponding position of the flexible photovoltaic module or around the corresponding position or in a part of the surrounding area of the corresponding position, and the first coils have a waterproof function and can be curled;
  • the flexible photovoltaic module includes a flexible panel material, an adhesive film, a fiber-reinforced layer, an adhesive film, a solar cell sheet, and an adhesive film.
  • the flexible panel material is flexible and bendable, and the fiber-reinforced layer contains fibers, which are important to the overall flexible photovoltaic module. The tensile and bending strength can be improved;
  • the first coiled material is in the shape of a frame or a strip or a block, and the adhesive layer is arranged on the overlapping area when the first coiled material and the flexible photovoltaic module are bonded together, and the adhesive layer is an adhesive film, When the flexible photovoltaic module is laminated and molded, it is synchronously laminated and molded together with the first coil.
  • the present invention also provides an integrated structure of flexible photovoltaic modules, which includes a first coil, a flexible photovoltaic module integrated on the front of the first coil, and a The adhesive layer between the photovoltaic modules, the hot air welding area is provided on the back of the first coil, the flexible photovoltaic module includes a back plate material, and the hot air welding area on the first coil is located on the flexible photovoltaic assembly In the corresponding position or around the corresponding position or a part of the area around the corresponding position, the first roll material has a waterproof function and can be rolled.
  • the flexible photovoltaic module includes a flexible panel material, an adhesive film, a fiber-reinforced layer, an adhesive film, a solar cell sheet, and an adhesive film.
  • the flexible panel material is flexible and bendable, and the fiber-reinforced layer contains fibers, which have a strong impact on flexibility. The overall tensile and bending strength of photovoltaic modules can be improved.
  • the first coil is in the shape of a frame or a strip or a block
  • the adhesive layer is arranged on the overlapping area when the first coil and the flexible photovoltaic module are bonded together, and the adhesive layer is The adhesive film is synchronously laminated and formed into one body with the first coil when the flexible photovoltaic module is laminated.
  • the present invention also provides an integrated system of flexible photovoltaic modules, which includes a roof structure and an integrated structure of flexible photovoltaic modules fixed on the roof structure by hot air welding, and the integrated structure of flexible photovoltaic modules is the above-mentioned flexible photovoltaic module A component-integrated structure, the roof structure comprising a second coiled material and a roofing substrate under the second coiled material, and the second coiled material has a waterproof function and can be curled;
  • the main components of the second coil, the first coil and the backboard material are all TPO; or the main components of the first coil and the second coil are PVC, and the back The main component of the board material is TPO;
  • the roof base material includes a first base material layer, a second base material layer below the first base material layer and a third base material layer below the second base material layer, the first base material layer has heat preservation and heat insulation functions, The second base material layer has waterproof and breathable functions, and the third base material layer is made of just now, and plays a load-bearing role.
  • the present invention also provides an integrated system of flexible photovoltaic modules, which includes a roof structure and an integrated structure of flexible photovoltaic modules fixed on the roof structure by hot air welding, and the integrated structure of flexible photovoltaic modules is any one of the above-mentioned
  • the roof structure includes a second coiled material and a roofing substrate under the second coiled material, and the second coiled material has a waterproof function and can be rolled.
  • the first coil and the second coil are made of polymer materials with the same main components.
  • the main components of the first coil and the second coil are TPO or PVC.
  • the main components of the second roll material, the first roll material and the back sheet material are all TPO.
  • the main components of the first coil and the second coil are both PVC, and the main component of the backboard material is TPO.
  • the roofing base material comprises a first base material layer, a second base material layer below the first base material layer and a third base material layer below the second base material layer, and the first base material layer has insulation and insulating properties.
  • Thermal function the second base material layer has waterproof and breathable function
  • the third base material layer is made of just now, and plays a load-bearing role.
  • the present invention also provides an installation method for an integrated system of flexible photovoltaic modules, which includes the following steps:
  • the front of the second coiled material is provided with a hot air welding area corresponding to the hot air welding area on the first coiled material
  • the flexible photovoltaic module faces upward, and the hot air welding area on the back of the first coil is connected to the front of the second coil The hot air welding area is pasted and welded to complete the installation;
  • the hot air welding areas on the first coil are all frame-shaped areas or two parallel rectangular areas or the area on the back of the complete first coil.
  • the present invention also provides an installation method of the above-mentioned flexible photovoltaic module integrated system, which includes the following steps:
  • the front of the second coiled material is provided with a hot air welding area corresponding to the hot air welding area on the first coiled material
  • the flexible photovoltaic module faces upward, and the hot air welding area on the back of the first coil is connected to the front of the second coil The hot air welding area is attached and welded to complete the installation.
  • the hot air welding areas on the first coil are all frame-shaped areas or two parallel rectangular areas or the area on the back of the complete first coil.
  • the present invention also provides an installation method of the above-mentioned flexible photovoltaic module integrated system, which includes the following steps:
  • the flexible photovoltaic module is fixedly connected to the first coil by using a blind rivet, and the blind rivet is distributed on the outer periphery of the solar cells of the flexible photovoltaic module;
  • the flexible photovoltaic module faces upward, and the hot air welding area on the back of the first coil is connected to the front of the second coil The hot air welding area is attached and welded to complete the installation.
  • the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the present invention solves the problem of connection failure of photovoltaic modules or panels using adhesive methods in the construction field, and at the same time does not greatly reduce the use of structural parts The material cost and installation cost of the product are reduced; the flexible photovoltaic module also further reduces the load requirements of the photovoltaic power generation product on the building roof, which makes the scope of application of this scheme wider; the flexible photovoltaic module is integrated with the first roll material, and reserves Out of the welding area during roof installation, use hot air welding process during roof installation.
  • the hot air welding process is to directly melt and solidify two products of the same material into a complete whole, so the connection life can be the same as that of photovoltaic power generation. After the positive and negative 5000Pa wind pressure roof system wind resistance verification, the installation structure is safe reliable.
  • the integrated flexible photovoltaic module system includes a roof structure 2 and an integrated flexible photovoltaic module structure 1 fixed on the roof structure 2 by hot air welding.
  • the roof structure 2 includes a second roll material 21 and a roof base material 22 under the second roll material 21 .
  • the roofing substrate 22 comprises a first substrate layer 221, a second substrate layer 222 below the first substrate layer 221 and a third substrate layer 223 below the second substrate layer 222, the first substrate layer 221 It has the function of heat preservation and heat insulation, the second base material layer 222 has the function of waterproof and breathable, and the third base material layer is made of just now, and plays a load-bearing role.
  • a flexible photovoltaic module integrated structure 1 which includes a first coil 11, a flexible photovoltaic module 12 integrated on the front of the first coil 11, and a flexible photovoltaic module arranged on the front of the first coil 11 and the flexible photovoltaic module
  • the adhesive layer 13 between 12, the hot air welding area 3 on the back of the first coil 11, the second coil 21 and the first coil 11 all have waterproof function and can be rolled.
  • the hot air welding area 3 is located at the corresponding position of the flexible photovoltaic module 12 or around the corresponding position or a partial area around the corresponding position.
  • the flexible photovoltaic module 12 includes a flexible panel material 121, an adhesive film 120, a fiber reinforced layer 122, an adhesive film 120, a solar cell sheet 123, an adhesive film 120, and a back sheet material 124 that are stacked in sequence.
  • the flexible panel material 121 has a flexible And it can be bent, and the fiber reinforced layer 122 contains fibers, which can improve the overall tensile and bending strength of the flexible photovoltaic module 12 .
  • the first coiled material 11 is a polymer roofing coiled material.
  • the first coiled material 11 is a TPO coiled material or a PVC coiled material.
  • a TPO coiled material is used, and the backboard material 124 is also a TPO coiled material (thermoplastic polyolefin waterproof coiled material).
  • the same or different coiled materials whose main component is TPO can make the flexible photovoltaic module 12 and the first coiled material 11 form an integral body, and can effectively ensure the strength and service life of the connection between the two.
  • the first roll material 11 is frame-shaped or strip-shaped or block-shaped, and in this embodiment it is frame-shaped.
  • the adhesive layer 13 is also an adhesive film, which is laminated and formed integrally with the first roll material 11 synchronously when the flexible photovoltaic module 12 is laminated and formed.
  • the installation method of the above-mentioned flexible photovoltaic module integrated system includes the following steps:
  • the first roll material 11 and the layers of materials of the flexible photovoltaic module 12 are assembled and laid;
  • the flexible photovoltaic module 12 faces upward, and the hot air welding area 3 on the back of the first coil 11 is connected to the second coil 21.
  • the hot air welding area on the front side of the second coil 21 is pasted and welded to complete the installation.
  • Steps a and b can be completed step by step or simultaneously, as shown in Figure 5-6, wherein, the hot air welding area 3 on the front side of the second coil 21 is the same as the hot air welding area 3 on the back side of the first coil 11, and the hot air
  • the welding areas 3 are all frame-shaped areas or two parallel rectangular areas or the area on the back of the complete first coil, as shown in Figure 5, when the roof is inclined and the first coil 11 is frame-shaped , the hot air welding area 3 on the first coil 11 is located on the back side of two rectangular sides arranged up and down in the frame shape, forming a gap for heat dissipation between the two sides of the same height of the first coil 11 and the second coil, In this way, the heat dissipation performance of the flexible photovoltaic module 12 can be guaranteed under the premise of ensuring the connection strength between the first roll material 11 and the second roll material 21 .
  • the flexible photovoltaic module integrated system installed by the above method is tested according to the following test methods, and its load performance is as follows:
  • the gas is continuously injected through the pressure vessel until the load reaches the first pressure level, and the deviation range is 0kPa ⁇ +0.1kPa.
  • the air pressure rising rate is 0.07kPa/s ⁇ 0.05kPa/s.
  • the interval between the loading of the next level of load is 1min (60s).
  • the state of the test piece of the system should be observed through the observation window or the camera inside the box, and the test piece should be checked. for breakage or functional damage.
  • Increase the pressure rating to the next graded pressure value by adding gas, the rate of increase and deviation are as described above.
  • pay attention to observe the test piece to ensure that it meets the conditions for continuing the test;
  • the test results show that the simulated wind pressure resistance level is the highest wind pressure level that the system can reach and maintain for 60 seconds and still meet the test requirements.
  • the integrated flexible photovoltaic module system includes a roof structure 2 and an integrated flexible photovoltaic module structure 1 fixed on the roof structure 2 by hot air welding.
  • the roof structure 2 includes a second roll material 21 and a roof base material 22 under the second roll material 21 .
  • the roofing substrate 22 comprises a first substrate layer 221, a second substrate layer 222 below the first substrate layer 221 and a third substrate layer 223 below the second substrate layer 222, the first substrate layer 221 It has the function of heat preservation and heat insulation, the second base material layer 222 has the function of waterproof and breathable, and the third base material layer is made of just now, and plays a load-bearing role.
  • a flexible photovoltaic module integrated structure 1 which includes a first coil 11, a flexible photovoltaic module 12 integrated on the front of the first coil 11, and a flexible photovoltaic module arranged on the front of the first coil 11 and the flexible photovoltaic module
  • the adhesive layer 13 between 12, the hot air welding area 3 provided on the back of the first coil 11 and located at the corresponding position of the flexible photovoltaic module 12 or around the corresponding position, the second coil 21 and the first coil Material 11 all has waterproof function and can curl.
  • the flexible photovoltaic module 12 includes a flexible panel material 121, an adhesive film 120, a fiber reinforced layer 122, an adhesive film 120, a solar cell sheet 123, an adhesive film 120, and a back sheet material 124 that are stacked in sequence.
  • the flexible panel material 121 has a flexible And it can be bent, and the fiber reinforced layer 122 contains fibers, which can improve the overall tensile and bending strength of the flexible photovoltaic module 12 .
  • the first coiled material 11 is a polymer roofing coiled material.
  • the first coiled material 11 is a TPO coiled material or a PVC coiled material.
  • the second coiled material 21 is a PVC coiled material (polyvinyl chloride coiled material)
  • the first coiled material 11 is also a PVC coiled material, but the backboard material 124 is a TPO coil.
  • the first coil 11 is frame-shaped or strip-shaped or block-shaped. In this embodiment, it is frame-shaped.
  • the adhesive layer is arranged on the first coil 11 and the flexible photovoltaic On the overlapping area 4 when the modules 12 are bonded together, the adhesive layer 13 is also an adhesive film, which is laminated and formed into one body with the first roll material 11 synchronously when the flexible photovoltaic module 12 is laminated.
  • the installation method of the above-mentioned flexible photovoltaic module integrated system includes the following steps:
  • the first roll material 11 is a PVC roll material
  • the back plate material 124 is a TPO roll material.
  • the lamination connection strength of the two is not as good as that of the first roll material 11 in the first embodiment using a TPO roll material. Therefore, it is necessary to use core pulling
  • the rivets 5 make the flexible photovoltaic module 12 and the first coil 11 fixedly connected, and the blind rivets 5 are distributed on the outer periphery of the solar cells of the flexible photovoltaic module 12; the first coil on the edge of the flexible photovoltaic module is integrated with the photovoltaic module Fixing the rivet 5 after lamination can make the flexible photovoltaic module and the first coiled material more firmly fixed, and can reduce the material cost of the first coiled material, as shown in Figure 8, that is, reduce the size of A and reduce the The first coil originally arranged around the photovoltaic module is reduced to being fixed at the upper and lower ends or at the left and right ends.
  • Steps A and B can be completed step by step or simultaneously, as shown in Figure 5-6, wherein the hot air welding area 3 on the front side of the second coil 21 is the same as the hot air welding area 3 on the back side of the first coil 11, and the hot air welding The welding area 3 is a frame-shaped area or two parallel rectangular areas or the area on the back of the complete first coiled material.
  • the first coiled material 11 When the roof is inclined and the first coiled material 11 is frame-shaped, the first coiled material 11 The hot air welding area 3 on the top is located on the back side of the two rectangular sides arranged up and down in the frame shape, forming a gap for heat dissipation between the two sides of the first coil 11 and the second coil, so that the first coil 11 can be guaranteed.
  • the heat dissipation performance of the flexible photovoltaic module 12 is guaranteed under the premise of the connection strength between the coiled material 11 and the second coiled material 21 .

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种柔性光伏组件一体化结构、系统及安装方法，结构包括一体层压成型的柔性光伏组件、粘接层、第一卷材，所述第一卷材背面上设有热风焊接区域，方法包括：对柔性光伏组件各层材料以及第一卷材进行层压封装实现一体化；在屋面上设置第二卷材，第二卷材正面整面形成与第一卷材上的热风焊接区域对应的热风焊接区域；第一卷材的背面的热风焊接区域与第二卷材的正面热风焊接区域贴合并进行热风焊接。本发明解决了光伏组件或面板在建筑领域应用时使用胶粘方式连接失效的问题，同时没有结构件的使用极大的降低了产品的材料成本和安装成本，经过正负5000Pa风压的屋面系统抗风揭验证，安装结构安全可靠。

Description

柔性光伏组件一体化结构、系统及系统的安装方法 技术领域
本发明属于光伏产品领域，特别涉及一种柔性光伏组件一体化结构、系统及系统的安装方法。
背景技术
由于安装条件的限制，现有光伏组件或者面板在屋面安装时都采用了背胶黏贴或者密封胶、结构胶粘贴。而胶的使用寿命极难达到与光伏同寿命，而且光伏产品发电时的温度升高也会进一步降低胶的使用寿命。这使胶粘方案的结构寿命与组件的发电寿命不匹配，造成二次维护成本甚至批量组件脱落损坏，同时该方案无法满足建筑长期的防水功能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种柔性光伏组件一体化结构，极大的降低了产品的材料成本和安装成本。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种柔性光伏组件一体化结构，其包括第一卷材、集成于所述第一卷材正面上的柔性光伏组件、以及设于所述第一卷材正面和所述柔性光伏组件之间的粘接层，所述第一卷材背面上设有热风焊接区域，所述柔性光伏组件包含背板材料，所述第一卷材上的热风焊接区域位于所述柔性光伏组件对应位置或对应位置的周围或对应位置的周围的部分区域，第一卷材均具有防水功能且可卷曲；
所述柔性光伏组件包含柔性面板材料、胶膜、纤维增强层、胶膜、太阳能电池片、胶膜，柔性面板材料其具有柔性且可弯曲，纤维增强层内含有纤维，其对柔性光伏组件整体抗拉抗弯曲强度具有提升作用；
所述第一卷材呈框型或条状或块状，所述粘接层设于所述第一卷材和所述柔性光伏组件贴合时的重叠区域上，粘接层为胶膜，在所述柔性光伏组件层压成型时与所述第一卷材同步层压成型为一体。
本发明还提供了一种柔性光伏组件一体化结构，其包括第一卷材、集成于所述第一卷材正面上的柔性光伏组件、以及设于所述第一卷材正面和所述柔性光伏组件之间的粘接层，所述第一卷材背面上设有热风焊接区域，所述柔性光伏组件包含背板材料，所述第一卷材上的热风焊接区域位于所述柔性光伏组件对应位置或对应位置的周围或对应位置的周围的部分区域，第一卷材均具有防水功能且可卷曲。
优化的，所述柔性光伏组件包含柔性面板材料、胶膜、纤维增强层、胶膜、太阳能电池片、胶膜，柔性面板材料其具有柔性且可弯曲，纤维增强层内含有纤维，其对柔性光伏组件整体抗 拉抗弯曲强度具有提升作用。
优化的，所述第一卷材呈框型或条状或块状，所述粘接层设于所述第一卷材和所述柔性光伏组件贴合时的重叠区域上，粘接层为胶膜，在所述柔性光伏组件层压成型时与所述第一卷材同步层压成型为一体。
本发明还提供了一种柔性光伏组件一体化系统，它包括屋面结构、以及通过热风焊接固定于所述屋面结构上的柔性光伏组件一体化结构，所述柔性光伏组件一体化结构为上述柔性光伏组件一体化结构，所述屋面结构包含第二卷材、第二卷材下方的屋面基材，第二卷材均具有防水功能且可卷曲；
所述第二卷材、所述第一卷材和所述背板材料的主要成分均为TPO；或所述第一卷材、所述第二卷材的主要成分均为PVC，所述背板材料的主要成分为TPO；
所述屋面基材包括第一基材层、第一基材层下方的第二基材层和第二基材层下方的第三基材层，第一基材层具有保温及隔热功能，第二基材层具有防水透气功能，第三基材层其由刚才制成，起承重作用。
本发明还提供了一种柔性光伏组件一体化系统，它包括屋面结构、以及通过热风焊接固定于所述屋面结构上的柔性光伏组件一体化结构，所述柔性光伏组件一体化结构为上述任一所述柔性光伏组件一体化结构，所述屋面结构包含第二卷材、第二卷材下方的屋面基材，第二卷材均具有防水功能且可卷曲。
优化的，所述第一卷材和所述第二卷材采用的主要成分相同的高分子材料制成。
优化的，第一卷材和所述第二卷材的主要成分为TPO或PVC。
优化的，所述第二卷材、所述第一卷材和所述背板材料的主要成分均为TPO。
优化的，所述第一卷材、所述第二卷材的主要成分均为PVC，所述背板材料的主要成分为TPO。
优化的，所述屋面基材包括第一基材层、第一基材层下方的第二基材层和第二基材层下方的第三基材层，第一基材层具有保温及隔热功能，第二基材层具有防水透气功能，第三基材层其由刚才制成，起承重作用。
本发明还提供了一种柔性光伏组件一体化系统的安装方法，其包括以下步骤：
a.将所述第一卷材与柔性光伏组件的各层材料组装敷设完成；
b.对组装敷设完成的柔性光伏组件的第一卷材进行层压、滚压或高压釜夹胶使第一卷材与所述柔性光伏组件形成柔性光伏组件一体化结构；
c.在所述屋面上设置的第二卷材，第二卷材正面上设有与第一卷材上的热风焊接区域对应的热风焊接区域；
d.将柔性光伏组件一体化结构贴敷于所述第二卷材正面上，所述柔性光伏组件朝上，所述第一卷材的背面的热风焊接区域与所述第二卷材的正面热风焊接区域贴合并焊接，完成安装；
所述第一卷材上的热风焊接区域均为框型区域或是相平行的两条长方形区域或是完整第一卷材的背面的区域。
本发明还提供了一种上述所述柔性光伏组件一体化系统的安装方法，其包括以下步骤：
a.将所述第一卷材与柔性光伏组件的各层材料组装敷设完成；
b.对组装敷设完成的柔性光伏组件的第一卷材进行层压、滚压或高压釜夹胶使第一卷材与所述柔性光伏组件形成柔性光伏组件一体化结构；
c.在所述屋面上设置的第二卷材，第二卷材正面上设有与第一卷材上的热风焊接区域对应的热风焊接区域；
d.将柔性光伏组件一体化结构贴敷于所述第二卷材正面上，所述柔性光伏组件朝上，所述第一卷材的背面的热风焊接区域与所述第二卷材的正面热风焊接区域贴合并焊接，完成安装。
优化的，所述第一卷材上的热风焊接区域均为框型区域或是相平行的两条长方形区域或是完整第一卷材的背面的区域。
本发明还提供了一种上述所述柔性光伏组件一体化系统的安装方法，其包括以下步骤：
A.将所述第一卷材与柔性光伏组件的各层材料组装敷设完成；
B.对组装敷设完成的柔性光伏组件的第一卷材进行层压、滚压或高压釜夹胶使第一卷材与所述柔性光伏组件形成柔性光伏组件一体化结构；
C.利用抽芯铆钉使所述柔性光伏组件和第一卷材固定连接，抽芯铆钉分布于所述柔性光伏组件的太阳能电池片外周；
D.将柔性光伏组件一体化结构贴敷于所述第二卷材正面上，所述柔性光伏组件朝上，所述第一卷材的背面的热风焊接区域与所述第二卷材的正面热风焊接区域贴合并焊接，完成安装。
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：本发明解决了光伏组件或面板在建筑领域应用时使用胶粘方式连接失效的问题，同时没有结构件的使用极大的降低了产品的材料成本和安装成本；柔性光伏组件也进一步降低了光伏发电产品对建筑屋面的荷载要求，使本方案的适用范围更加广阔；通过柔性光伏组件与第一卷材一体封装，并预留出在屋面安装时的焊接区域，在屋面安装时使用热风焊接工艺。热风焊接工艺是将两种相同材质的产品直接融化再固化结合成一个完整的整体，故其连接寿命可以与光伏发电同寿命，经过正负5000Pa风压的屋面系统抗风揭验证，安装结构安全可靠。
附图说明
附图1为柔性光伏组件一体化结构的分解视图；
附图2为柔性光伏组件一体化系统的分解视图；
附图3为实施例一中的柔性光伏组件一体化系统的示意图；
附图4为实施例一中柔性光伏组件一体化系统安装后的示意图；
附图5为柔性光伏组件一体化系统采用部分粘接的方式的分解的示意图；
附图6为柔性光伏组件一体化系统采用全面粘接的方式的分解的示意图；
附图7为实施例二中柔性光伏组件一体化结构的示意图；
附图8为实施例二中柔性光伏组件一体化系统安装后的示意图；
附图9为实施例二中第一卷材11与柔性光伏组件12的连接示意图；
以上附图中：1、柔性光伏组件一体化结构；2、屋面结构；3、热风焊接区域；4、重叠区域；5、铆钉；6、螺钉；11、第一卷材；12、柔性光伏组件；13、粘接层；21、第二卷材；22、屋面基材；；23、第三卷材；120、胶膜；121、柔性面板材料；122、纤维增强层；123、太阳能电池片；124、背板材料；221、第一基材层；222、第二基材层；223、第三基材层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图所示的实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
实施例一
如图1-4所示，柔性光伏组件一体化系统包括屋面结构2、以及通过热风焊接固定于所述屋面结构2上的柔性光伏组件一体化结构1。
所述屋面结构2包含第二卷材21、第二卷材21下方的屋面基材22。所述屋面基材22包括第一基材层221、第一基材层221下方的第二基材层222和第二基材层222下方的第三基材层223，第一基材层221具有保温及隔热功能，第二基材层222具有防水透气功能，第三基材层其由刚才制成，起承重作用。
柔性光伏组件一体化结构1，其包括第一卷材11、集成于所述第一卷材11正面上的柔性光伏组件12、以及设于所述第一卷材11正面和所述柔性光伏组件12之间的粘接层13、设于所述第一卷材11背面上的热风焊接区域3，第二卷材21和第一卷材11均具有防水功能且可卷曲。所述热风焊接区域3位于所述柔性光伏组件12对应位置或对应位置的周围或对应位置的周围的部分区域。所述柔性光伏组件12包含依次层叠设置的柔性面板材料121、胶膜120、纤维增强层122、胶膜120、太阳能电池片123、胶膜120、背板材料124，柔性面板材料121其具有柔性且可弯曲，纤维增强层122内含有纤维，其对柔性光伏组件12整体抗拉抗弯曲强度具有提升作用。所述第一卷材11为高分子屋面卷材。所述第一卷材11为TPO卷材或者PVC卷材，在本实施例中采用TPO卷材，背板材料124也为TPO卷材(热塑性聚烯烃类防水卷材)， 两者可以是型号相同或不同但主要成分均为TPO的卷材，能够使柔性光伏组件12与第一卷材11形成一个整体，能够有效保证两者连接的强度以及使用寿命。第一卷材11呈框型或条状或块状，在本实施例中为框型，所述粘接层设于所述第一卷材11和所述柔性光伏组件12贴合时的重叠区域4上，粘接层13也为胶膜，在所述柔性光伏组件12层压成型时与所述第一卷材11同步层压成型为一体。
上述柔性光伏组件一体化系统的安装方法，其包括以下步骤：
a.将所述第一卷材11与柔性光伏组件12的各层材料组装敷设完成；
b.对组装敷设完成的柔性光伏组件12的第一卷材11进行层压、滚压或高压釜夹胶使第一卷材11与所述柔性光伏组件12一体化；
c.在所述屋面上设置的第二卷材21，第二卷材21正面整面均为热风焊接区域；
d.将柔性光伏组件一体化结构1贴敷于所述第二卷材21正面上，所述柔性光伏组件12朝上，所述第一卷材11的背面的热风焊接区域3与所述第二卷材21的正面的热风焊接区域贴合并焊接，完成安装。
步骤a、b可分步完成也可同步完成，如图5-6所示，其中，第二卷材21的正面热风焊接区域3与第一卷材11的背面的热风焊接区域3相同，热风焊接区域3均为框型区域或是相平行的两条长方形区域或是完整第一卷材的背面的区域，如图5所示，当屋面呈倾斜状，第一卷材11呈框型时，第一卷材11上的热风焊接区域3位于框型的两条上下排布的长方形边的背面上，在第一卷材11等高的两边和第二卷材之间形成散热的间隙，这样能够在保证第一卷材11和第二卷材21连接强度的前提下保证柔性光伏组件12的散热性能。
采用上述方法安装的柔性光伏组件一体化系统按照以下测试方法进行测试，其载荷性能如下：
Figure PCTCN2022088983-appb-000001
测试方法
1、气体通过压力容器不断注入，直到载荷达到第一个压力等级，偏差范围为0kPa～+0.1kPa。气压上升速率为0.07kPa/s±0.05kPa/s。当压力达到分级压力值时，需维持此压力 60s，当试件维持在某个压力水平时，应注意观察试件，确保其满足继续试验的条件；
2、保持60s后，然后卸载至参考零位。荷载达到参考零位后，至下一级荷载加载之间的间隔时间为1min(60s)，在加载间隔时间，应通过观测窗或箱体内部摄像设备观系统的测试件的状态，检查测试件是否有破损或功能性损坏。通过增加气体使压力等级增加到下一个分级压力值，增加速率和偏差按上述要求进行。当达到下个压力等级，需在此压力等级保持60s，当维持在某个压力级别时，要注意观察试件，确保其满足继续试验的条件；
3、重复上述步骤，直到达到所标定的载荷，并持续60s。试验完成后，取下试件仔细观察并记录所有与标准规定不符的现象；
4、测试结果表示：抗模拟风压等级为系统所能达到并维持60s仍符合试验要求的最高风压等级。
可以看出系统在5000Pa风压的屋面系统抗风揭验证，安装结构安全可靠。
实施例二
如图1、2、7所示，柔性光伏组件一体化系统包括屋面结构2、以及通过热风焊接固定于所述屋面结构2上的柔性光伏组件一体化结构1。
所述屋面结构2包含第二卷材21、第二卷材21下方的屋面基材22。所述屋面基材22包括第一基材层221、第一基材层221下方的第二基材层222和第二基材层222下方的第三基材层223，第一基材层221具有保温及隔热功能，第二基材层222具有防水透气功能，第三基材层其由刚才制成，起承重作用。
柔性光伏组件一体化结构1，其包括第一卷材11、集成于所述第一卷材11正面上的柔性光伏组件12、以及设于所述第一卷材11正面和所述柔性光伏组件12之间的粘接层13、设于所述第一卷材11背面上且位于所述柔性光伏组件12对应位置或对应位置的周围的热风焊接区域3，第二卷材21和第一卷材11均具有防水功能且可卷曲。所述柔性光伏组件12包含依次层叠设置的柔性面板材料121、胶膜120、纤维增强层122、胶膜120、太阳能电池片123、胶膜120、背板材料124，柔性面板材料121其具有柔性且可弯曲，纤维增强层122内含有纤维，其对柔性光伏组件12整体抗拉抗弯曲强度具有提升作用。所述第一卷材11为高分子屋面卷材。所述第一卷材11为TPO卷材或者PVC卷材，当第二卷材21为PVC卷材(聚氯乙烯卷材)时，第一卷材11也为PVC卷材，但背板材料124为TPO卷材所述第一卷材11呈框型或条状或块状，在本实施例中为框型，所述粘接层设于所述第一卷材11和所述柔性光伏组件12贴合时的重叠区域4上，粘接层13也为胶膜，在所述柔性光伏组件12层压成型时与所述第一卷材11同步层压成型为一体。
上述柔性光伏组件一体化系统的安装方法，其包括以下步骤：
A.将所述第一卷材11与柔性光伏组件12的各层材料组装敷设完成；
B.对组装敷设完成的柔性光伏组件12的第一卷材11进行层压、滚压或高压釜夹胶使第一卷材11与所述柔性光伏组件12形成柔性光伏组件一体化结构1；
C.第一卷材11为PVC卷材，背板材料124为TPO卷材，两者层压连接强度不如实施例一中的第一卷材11采用TPO卷材的情况，因此需要利用抽芯铆钉5使所述柔性光伏组件12和第一卷材11固定连接，抽芯铆钉5分布于所述柔性光伏组件12的太阳能电池片外周；柔性光伏组件边缘的第一卷材在与光伏组件一体层压成型后再进行一次铆钉5的固定可以使柔性光伏组件与第一卷材的固定更牢，且可以降低第一卷材的材料成本，如图8所示，即减少A的尺寸和将原来布置于光伏组件四周的第一卷材减少为上下两端固定或者左右两端固定。
D.将第二卷材21和屋面基材22利用螺钉6固定并利用热风焊接工艺使第二卷材21和第一卷材11成为一体；
E.在有螺钉6的位置的第二卷材21上利用热风焊接工艺使第三卷材23对第二卷材21上的螺钉6进行二次覆盖，保证屋面的防水性能，第三卷材23同样具有防水功能且可卷曲。。
步骤A、B可分步完成也可同步完成，如图5-6所示，其中，第二卷材21的正面热风焊接区域3与第一卷材11的背面的热风焊接区域3相同，热风焊接区域3均为框型区域或是相平行的两条长方形区域或是完整第一卷材的背面的区域，当屋面呈倾斜状，第一卷材11呈框型时，第一卷材11上的热风焊接区域3位于框型的两条上下排布的长方形边的背面上，在第一卷材11等高的两边和第二卷材之间形成散热的间隙，这样能够在保证第一卷材11和第二卷材21连接强度的前提下保证柔性光伏组件12的散热性能。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

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  1. 一种柔性光伏组件一体化结构，其包括第一卷材、集成于所述第一卷材正面上的柔性光伏组件、以及设于所述第一卷材正面和所述柔性光伏组件之间的粘接层，其特征在于：所述第一卷材背面上设有热风焊接区域，所述柔性光伏组件包含背板材料，所述第一卷材上的热风焊接区域位于所述柔性光伏组件对应位置或对应位置的周围或对应位置的周围的部分区域，第一卷材均具有防水功能且可卷曲；
    所述柔性光伏组件包含柔性面板材料、胶膜、纤维增强层、胶膜、太阳能电池片、胶膜，柔性面板材料其具有柔性且可弯曲，纤维增强层内含有纤维，其对柔性光伏组件整体抗拉抗弯曲强度具有提升作用；
    所述第一卷材呈框型或条状或块状，所述粘接层设于所述第一卷材和所述柔性光伏组件贴合时的重叠区域上，粘接层为胶膜，在所述柔性光伏组件层压成型时与所述第一卷材同步层压成型为一体。
  2. 一种柔性光伏组件一体化结构，其包括第一卷材、集成于所述第一卷材正面上的柔性光伏组件、以及设于所述第一卷材正面和所述柔性光伏组件之间的粘接层，其特征在于：所述第一卷材背面上设有热风焊接区域，所述柔性光伏组件包含背板材料，所述第一卷材上的热风焊接区域位于所述柔性光伏组件对应位置或对应位置的周围或对应位置的周围的部分区域，第一卷材均具有防水功能且可卷曲。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的柔性光伏组件一体化结构，其特征在于：所述柔性光伏组件包含柔性面板材料、胶膜、纤维增强层、胶膜、太阳能电池片、胶膜，柔性面板材料其具有柔性且可弯曲，纤维增强层内含有纤维，其对柔性光伏组件整体抗拉抗弯曲强度具有提升作用。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的柔性光伏组件一体化结构，其特征在于：所述第一卷材呈框型或条状或块状，所述粘接层设于所述第一卷材和所述柔性光伏组件贴合时的重叠区域上，粘接层为胶膜，在所述柔性光伏组件层压成型时与所述第一卷材同步层压成型为一体。
  5. 一种柔性光伏组件一体化系统，其特征在于：它包括屋面结构、以及通过热风焊接固定于所述屋面结构上的柔性光伏组件一体化结构，所述柔性光伏组件一体化结构为权利要求1-4中任一所述柔性光伏组件一体化结构，所述屋面结构包含第二卷材、第二卷材下方的屋面基材，第二卷材均具有防水功能且可卷曲；
    所述第二卷材、所述第一卷材和所述背板材料的主要成分均为TPO；或所述第一卷材、所述第二卷材的主要成分均为PVC，所述背板材料的主要成分为TPO；
    所述屋面基材包括第一基材层、第一基材层下方的第二基材层和第二基材层下方的第三基材层，第一基材层具有保温及隔热功能，第二基材层具有防水透气功能，第三基材层其由刚才制成，起承重作用。
  6. 一种柔性光伏组件一体化系统，其特征在于：它包括屋面结构、以及通过热风焊接固定于所述屋面结构上的柔性光伏组件一体化结构，所述柔性光伏组件一体化结构为权利要求1-4中任一所述柔性光伏组件一体化结构，所述屋面结构包含第二卷材、第二卷材下方的屋面基材，第二卷材均具有防水功能且可卷曲。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的柔性光伏组件一体化系统，其特征在于：所述第一卷材和所述第二卷材采用的主要成分相同的高分子材料制成。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的柔性光伏组件一体化系统，其特征在于：第一卷材和所述第二卷材的主要成分为TPO或PVC。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的柔性光伏组件一体化系统，其特征在于：所述第二卷材、所述第一卷材和所述背板材料的主要成分均为TPO。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的柔性光伏组件一体化系统，其特征在于：所述第一卷材、所述第二卷材的主要成分均为PVC，所述背板材料的主要成分为TPO。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的柔性光伏组件一体化系统，其特征在于：所述屋面基材包括第一基材层、第一基材层下方的第二基材层和第二基材层下方的第三基材层，第一基材层具有保温及隔热功能，第二基材层具有防水透气功能，第三基材层其由刚才制成，起承重作用。
  12. 一种权利要求9中所述柔性光伏组件一体化系统的安装方法，其特征在于，其包括以下步骤：
    a.将所述第一卷材与柔性光伏组件的各层材料组装敷设完成；
    b.对组装敷设完成的柔性光伏组件的第一卷材进行层压、滚压或高压釜夹胶使第一卷材与所述柔性光伏组件形成柔性光伏组件一体化结构；
    c.在所述屋面上设置的第二卷材，第二卷材正面上设有与第一卷材上的热风焊接区域对应的热风焊接区域；
    d.将柔性光伏组件一体化结构贴敷于所述第二卷材正面上，所述柔性光伏组件朝上，所述第一卷材的背面的热风焊接区域与所述第二卷材的正面热风焊接区域贴合并焊接，完成安装；
    所述第一卷材上的热风焊接区域均为框型区域或是相平行的两条长方形区域或是完整第一卷材的背面的区域。
  13. 一种权利要求9中所述柔性光伏组件一体化系统的安装方法，其特征在于，其包括以下步骤：
    a.将所述第一卷材与柔性光伏组件的各层材料组装敷设完成；
    b.对组装敷设完成的柔性光伏组件的第一卷材进行层压、滚压或高压釜夹胶使第一卷材与所述柔性光伏组件形成柔性光伏组件一体化结构；
    c.在所述屋面上设置的第二卷材，第二卷材正面上设有与第一卷材上的热风焊接区域对应的热风焊接区域；
    d.将柔性光伏组件一体化结构贴敷于所述第二卷材正面上，所述柔性光伏组件朝上，所述第一卷材的背面的热风焊接区域与所述第二卷材的正面热风焊接区域贴合并焊接，完成安装。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的安装方法，其特征在于：所述第一卷材上的热风焊接区域均为框型区域或是相平行的两条长方形区域或是完整第一卷材的背面的区域。
  15. 一种权利要求10中所述柔性光伏组件一体化系统的安装方法，其特征在于，其包括以下步骤：
    A.将所述第一卷材与柔性光伏组件的各层材料组装敷设完成；
    B.对组装敷设完成的柔性光伏组件的第一卷材进行层压、滚压或高压釜夹胶使第一卷材与所述柔性光伏组件形成柔性光伏组件一体化结构；
    C.利用抽芯铆钉使所述柔性光伏组件和第一卷材固定连接，抽芯铆钉分布于所述柔性光伏组件的太阳能电池片外周；
    D.将柔性光伏组件一体化结构贴敷于所述第二卷材正面上，所述柔性光伏组件朝上，所述第一卷材的背面的热风焊接区域与所述第二卷材的正面热风焊接区域贴合并焊接，完成安装。
PCT/CN2022/088983 2021-11-19 2022-04-25 柔性光伏组件一体化结构、系统及系统的安装方法 WO2023087620A1 (zh)

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