WO2023083268A1 - 一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪 - Google Patents

一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023083268A1
WO2023083268A1 PCT/CN2022/131188 CN2022131188W WO2023083268A1 WO 2023083268 A1 WO2023083268 A1 WO 2023083268A1 CN 2022131188 W CN2022131188 W CN 2022131188W WO 2023083268 A1 WO2023083268 A1 WO 2023083268A1
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ventilation
nasal
support
nose
ventilator
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PCT/CN2022/131188
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陆华
陆洁静
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广东九科医疗设备有限公司
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Priority to AU2022384404A priority Critical patent/AU2022384404A1/en
Publication of WO2023083268A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023083268A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
    • A61M16/0666—Nasal cannulas or tubing
    • A61M16/0672—Nasal cannula assemblies for oxygen therapy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of ventilator devices, and more particularly, to a nasal obstruction breathing ventilator.
  • Ventilators are clinically used to treat dyspnea caused by the new coronavirus, primary or secondary lung diseases and related diseases.
  • the breathing masks used with the ventilators are usually headband breathing masks.
  • headband breathing masks lacks convenience, and it is easy to cause adverse effects on patients.
  • the use of headband breathing masks for patients with head trauma is likely to affect the wound; Patients suffering from claustrophobia who are not used to wearing a headband respirator are similarly unfriendly.
  • some clinical patients have sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome, and the use of headband breathing masks lacks comfort during sleep, which affects falling asleep.
  • a nasal congestion control ventilation mask which adopts the form of a three-way tube, one end is connected to the ventilator pipe joint, and the other two ends are aligned with the patient's two nostrils to close the nostrils, so that the breathing air can enter the nasopharynx through the nasal congestion Cavity, while closing the mouth to prevent leakage of ventilation through the mouth.
  • the ventilation mask disclosed in this scheme does not adopt an effective fixing method, and it is easy to fall off when simply relying on the breathing method in the scheme, especially in the sleep process of the patient, and it is easy to accidentally touch it.
  • the present invention provides a nasal congestion breathing ventilator, which is mainly used in conjunction with a ventilator.
  • the ventilator is effectively fixed in the patient's nasal cavity, and at the same time, ventilation assists breathing to achieve the purpose of assisting the patient's breathing.
  • the deficiency of the headband breathing mask is solved, and the stability of the nasal plug structure is also ensured.
  • a nasal congestion breathing ventilator comprising an air tube, one end of the air tube is provided with a nose support, the nose support includes a nose support channel and several support rings, one end of the nose support channel is provided with a through hole, the through hole
  • the holes are a number of air holes; the support rings are arranged on the outer wall of the nasal support channel, and the support rings are arranged in sequence along the direction of the nasal support channel to support the inner wall of the nasal cavity; the support rings are arranged coaxially, and the support ring at the end away from the through hole is the largest Outer diameter support rings, along the nose-entry direction of the nose support, the outer diameter of each support ring decreases successively.
  • the nose support is fixed in the nasal cavity by its support ring, and it is not easy to fall off.
  • the nose support structure When in use, the nose support structure is inserted into the human nasal cavity, and the support ring around the nose support is adapted to the size of the nasal cavity.
  • the support ring is close to and supported on the inner wall of the nasal cavity, effectively Fixed, no need to be equipped with additional headbands for fixation, more lightweight and convenient, and does not affect the use of patients with head trauma.
  • the nose support is along the direction of the nose, and the structure is from large to small, so that the patient can have better comfort during use. Therefore, the outer diameter of the support ring gradually decreases from large to small, and the largest Limiting effect, blocked in the nasal cavity.
  • the ventilation function of the snorkel and the support function of the nasal brace do not interfere with each other, which can ensure smooth ventilation.
  • the ventilator is connected to the ventilator, and the ventilator delivers air to the nasal cavity at a certain pressure.
  • the nasal brace channel is equivalent to the extension of the snorkel in the nasal cavity , the ventilation tube is ventilated through the through hole at the end of the nose support channel.
  • the end of the nose support channel away from the through hole communicates with the ventilation pipe;
  • the wall of the ventilation pipe near the end of the nose support is provided with a number of exhaust holes, and the exhaust holes communicate with the inner wall and the outer wall of the ventilation pipe.
  • the vent opening on the side of the inner wall is close to the nose brace, and the vent opening on the side of the outer wall is away from the nose brace.
  • the ventilator delivers air to the nasal cavity at a certain pressure, firstly to ensure the stability of the nasal support, and secondly, to not affect the patient's spontaneous breathing gas exchange. Therefore, the exhaust hole is mainly used for exchanging and exhausting the patient's breathing gas, and expelling exchange gas such as carbon dioxide, and the ventilation direction should be set to facilitate exhausting.
  • the vent opening on the inner wall side is close to the nose brace, and the vent vent opening on the outer wall side is away from the nose brace. The purpose is to prevent fresh air from leaking through the vent hole during air delivery. Cooperating with the change of the airflow pressure of the ventilator, the exchanged airflow is easily discharged through the exhaust hole.
  • the nose support is detachably connected to the end of the ventilation tube.
  • the nose support is usually a one-time piece, which is convenient for timely replacement, so the nose support and the end of the air pipe can be quickly assembled and disassembled.
  • the nasal support can also be used alone without being connected to the ventilation tube, and the nasal support can be fixed in the nasal cavity, and the nasal support channel can be used to ventilate the nasal cavity or perform other treatment methods.
  • the nose brace is socketed with the end of the air pipe, and the assembly relationship is a clearance fit or an interference fit.
  • the connection between the nose support and the air pipe can also be in the form of threaded connection, card connection, etc.
  • a socket is used.
  • a clearance fit or an interference fit is used in the socket assembly part.
  • One of the preferred solutions is to use two ventilation pipes in combination, and the two ventilation pipes are arranged side by side with a connecting structure between them.
  • the ventilation tube can be used alone, or two ventilation tubes can be used in combination.
  • the nasal braces of the ventilation tubes on both sides are respectively inserted into the patient's nasal cavity for fixation and ventilation.
  • they can be fixed through the connecting structure to avoid Snorkel tangled.
  • connection structure is a Velcro connection structure, or a button connection structure, or a snap connection structure, or a snap connection structure.
  • the connection structure is divided into two parts, which are respectively connected to the pipe bodies of the ventilation pipes on both sides, and the two parts are connected and fixed by Velcro, buttons, buckles, buckles, etc.
  • the two ventilation tubes are provided with alars, and the alars are opened outwards to be clamped on the outside of the nose.
  • the alar of the nose is used for auxiliary fixation. After the nasal support is inserted into the nasal cavity, the alar of the nose on both sides is clamped to the outside of the nose for further fixation to prevent the ventilation tube from falling off due to large swings.
  • One of the preferred solutions also includes a ventilation box, each ventilation tube is connected to the ventilation box, and is connected to the ventilator through the ventilation box; the ventilation box is provided with a spare interface.
  • the ventilation tube is detachably connected with the ventilation box, and the gas is delivered through the ventilator.
  • the spare interface can be used to connect other equipment, which is beneficial to anesthesia, oxygen delivery equipment, etc.
  • the material of the supporting ring is elastic plastic material.
  • the support ring is usually made of soft silicone material, which will not damage the inner wall of the nasal cavity.
  • the present invention discloses a nasal congestion breathing ventilator, which has the beneficial effects that the ventilator has a simple and reasonable structure, is supported by the inside of the nasal cavity, is especially suitable for patients with head injuries, and has the effect on breathing. Patients who do not tolerate machine therapy well, suffer from claustrophobia and are unaccustomed to wearing a headgear mask.
  • the ventilator can be used through a single ventilation tube to meet the obstruction of one side of the nasal airway. It can also be used for full nasal ventilation by combining two ventilation tubes.
  • the ventilator delivers air to the nasal cavity at a certain pressure, which helps For the relief of sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and other breathing difficulties.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 2 .
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3.
  • the present embodiment provides a kind of nasal congestion type respiratory ventilator, and the ventilator comprises a ventilator 1, and one end of the ventilator 1 is provided with a nose support 2, and the other end is connected with a ventilator, wherein the ventilator 1 It is usually made of medical non-toxic transparent soft polyvinyl chloride plastic or high-performance polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material.
  • TPE thermoplastic elastomer
  • the nose support 2 includes a nose support channel 22 and several support rings 21 , and one end of the nose support channel 22 is provided with a through hole 23 .
  • the support rings 21 are arranged on the peripheral outer wall of the nose support channel 22, and each support ring 21 is arranged in sequence along the direction of the nose support channel 22, and the nose support 2 is supported and fixed in the inner wall of the nasal cavity by its support ring 21, which has good fixability. Not easy to fall off.
  • the support rings are arranged coaxially, and the support ring 21 at the end away from the through hole 23 is the largest outer diameter support ring.
  • the outer diameters of the support rings 21 are successively reduced along the nose-entry direction of the nasal support 2 , so as to provide better comfort when stuffed into the patient's nasal cavity.
  • the support ring 21 is made of elastic plastic material, such as soft silicone, which is not easy to damage the inner wall of the nasal cavity.
  • the maximum outer diameter support ring is used as a limit ring to block the nasal cavity to prevent the nose support 2 from being excessively inserted.
  • the nose support 2 is stuffed into the nasal cavity of the human body.
  • the nose support can also be used alone without being connected to the ventilation tube.
  • the ventilator uses coverage bigger.
  • the nose support 2 is detachably connected to the end of the air pipe 1 .
  • the nose support and the air pipe can also be produced integrally.
  • the nose support 2 is provided with a nose support channel 22 communicating with the air pipe 1, and each support ring 21 is arranged along the outer circumference of the nose support channel 22, and the through hole 23 of the nose support channel 22 away from the end of the air pipe 1 is a plurality of air holes.
  • the ventilator airflow is input into the nasal cavity through the ventilation tube 1, the nasal support passage 22, and the through hole 23 to assist the patient to breathe.
  • the nose support 2 is usually a one-time piece, which is convenient for timely replacement. Therefore, the end of the nose support 2 and the ventilation pipe 1 are usually assembled and disassembled in the form of a socket. Tightness, and not easy to fall off.
  • the ventilator delivers air to the nasal cavity at a certain pressure, firstly to ensure the stability of the nasal support, and secondly, to not affect the patient's spontaneous breathing gas exchange. Therefore, the wall of the air pipe 1 near the end of the nose support 2 is provided with some exhaust holes 11, and the air vent 11 communicates with the inner wall and the outer wall of the air pipe 1, and the orifice of the air vent 11 on the inner wall side is close to the nose support 2, The vent hole 11 opening on one side of the outer wall is far away from the nose support 2 .
  • the exhaust hole 11 is mainly used for the patient to breathe and exhaust, and to discharge carbon dioxide and other exchange gases. During gas delivery, the fresh air flow is not easy to leak through the exhaust hole 11.
  • One end of the ventilation tube 1 is connected to the ventilator, and the air flows through the ventilation tube 1 and the nose support 2 into the nasal cavity of the patient.
  • the ventilator is triggered by the sensor to reduce the oxygen supply, and cooperates with the patient to reverse the exhaust gas from the through hole 23. It is discharged to the nasal support 2, and then discharged from the exhaust hole 11 on the ventilation tube 1.
  • the sensor triggers the ventilator to resume the oxygen supply.
  • the present embodiment also provides a nasal obstruction breathing ventilator, the ventilator is used in combination with two ventilators 1, and the structure and working principle of a single ventilator 1 are the same as in Embodiment 1, the difference is that , the two ventilation pipes 1 of this embodiment are arranged side by side, and a connecting structure 5 is provided between them.
  • the nose braces 2 of the ventilation tubes 1 on both sides are respectively stuffed into the patient's nasal cavity for fixation and ventilation.
  • they can be fixed by the connection structure 5 to avoid the ventilation tube 1 from being entangled.
  • connection structure 5 is a Velcro connection structure, and the Velcro connection structure is divided into two parts.
  • One side of the ventilation pipe 1 is provided with a Velcro suede surface, and the other side of the ventilation pipe 1 is provided with a Velcro hook surface. The cooperation of the hook surface of the Velcro can realize the fixing of the ventilation pipe 1 on both sides.
  • the two ventilation tubes 1 are equipped with alars 3 for auxiliary fixing.
  • the alars 3 on both sides are opened to the outside and clamped on the outside of the nose. Prevent the ventilation pipe 1 from swinging greatly and causing it to fall off.
  • This embodiment also includes a ventilation box 4, each ventilation tube 1 is connected to the ventilation box 4, and is connected to the ventilator through the ventilation box 4, wherein the ventilation tube 1 and the ventilation box 4 are detachably connected.
  • the ventilation box 4 is a commonly used part in this field, so its structure will not be explained here. It is worth noting that the ventilation box 4 is provided with a spare interface 41, which can be used to connect to other equipment, which is beneficial to anesthesia , oxygen delivery equipment, etc., and other equipment are input through the ventilator.
  • the present embodiment also provides a nasal obstruction type breathing ventilator
  • the present embodiment adopts a structure similar to that of the embodiment 2, the difference is that the connection structure 5 of the present embodiment is a buckle connection structure,
  • the buckle connection structure is divided into two parts.
  • One side of the ventilation pipe 1 is provided with a hook body, and the other side of the ventilation pipe 1 is provided with a ring body.
  • the ventilation pipe 1 on both sides can be fixed.
  • the hook body and the ring body are usually connected to the ventilation pipe 1 through plastic parts or woven cloth.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，包括通气管（1），通气管（1）一端设有鼻撑（2），鼻撑（2）包括鼻撑通道（22）以及若干撑环（21），鼻撑通道（22）的一端设有通孔（23）；鼻撑（2）利用其撑环（21）支撑固定在鼻腔中，不易脱落。鼻撑通道（22）远离通孔（23）的一端与通气管（1）连通；通气管（1）靠近鼻撑（2）一端的管壁设有若干排气孔（11）。通气管（1）远离鼻撑（2）的一端端连接呼吸机，由呼吸机以一定压力向鼻腔内输气。使用时，鼻撑（2）塞入患者鼻腔，鼻撑（2）外周的撑环（21）适应鼻腔大小，撑环（21）紧贴并支撑在鼻腔内壁，进行有效固定。带有该鼻撑（21）的通气仪则不需另外配备头带进行固定，便于头部有创伤的患者使用。通气仪会把两个通气管（1）合并使用，两边通气管（1）的鼻撑（2）分别塞入患者鼻腔内，进行固定和通气。

Description

一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪 技术领域
本发明涉及呼吸机器件技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪。
背景技术
新冠疫情爆发以来，呼吸机需求量增大，与呼吸机配套使用的通气面罩同样需求上涨。呼吸机在临床上用于治疗新冠病毒引起的呼吸困难、原发性或继发性肺部疾病及相关疾病，目前，与呼吸机配套使用的呼吸面罩通常为头带式呼吸面罩。
在很多情况下，头带式呼吸面罩使用欠缺便利性，而且容易对患者造成不良影响，比如，头部有外伤的患者使用头带式呼吸面罩容易影响伤口；对呼吸机治疗耐受不好、患有幽闭恐惧不习惯佩戴头带式呼吸面罩的患者也同样不友好。另外，部分临床患者有呼吸睡眠暂停低通气综合，使用头带呼吸面罩在睡眠时缺乏舒适感，影响入睡。
现有技术中有一种鼻塞式控制通气面罩，采用三通管形式，一端对接呼吸机管道接头，另外两端对准病人的两个鼻孔塞入以封闭鼻孔，呼吸气流因此可经鼻塞进入鼻咽腔，同时封闭口部避免通气经口部外漏。但是，该方案公开的通气面罩并未采用有效的固定方式，单纯依靠该方案中的呼吸方式在使用时容易脱落，尤其在患者睡眠过程中，容易发生误触。
另外也有医疗鼻罩，但目前采用的医疗鼻罩基本是为满足麻醉使用，由于麻醉的使用条件下，气流压力极低，对鼻罩的固定稳定性以及气体流通性的要求也不高，因此，该类鼻罩无法满足呼吸机使用，在呼吸机提供的气流压力下，对鼻塞结构有一定的稳固性要求。
发明内容
本发明为克服头带式呼吸面罩的缺陷，提供一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，主要是配合呼吸机使用，通气仪在患者鼻腔实现有效固定，同时进行通气辅助呼吸，达到协助患者呼吸的目的，解决了头带式呼吸面罩的不足，也确保了鼻塞式结构的稳固性。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，包括通气管，所述通气管一端设有鼻撑，所述鼻撑包括鼻撑通道以及若干撑环，所述鼻撑通道的一端设有通孔，所述通孔为若干气孔；所述撑环设于鼻撑通道圆周外壁，各撑环沿鼻撑通道方向依次排列，用于支撑鼻腔内壁；各撑环同轴设置，远离通孔一端的撑环为最大外径撑环，沿所述鼻撑的入鼻方向，各所述撑环的外径依次减小。鼻撑利用其撑环支撑固定在鼻腔中，不易脱落，使用时，该鼻撑结构塞入人体鼻腔中，鼻撑外周的撑环适应鼻腔大小，撑环紧贴并支撑在鼻腔内壁，进行有效固定，不需另外配备头带进行固定，更加轻巧方便，不影响头部有创伤的患者使用。根据人体鼻腔结构，鼻撑沿入鼻方向，结构由大至小，才能使患者在使用时有较好的舒适度，因此撑环外径逐渐由大变小，而最大外径撑环主要起限位作用，堵塞于鼻腔孔中。
通气管的通气功能与鼻撑的支撑功能互不干涉，可以确保顺利通气，通气管接通呼吸机，呼吸机以一定压力向鼻腔内输气，鼻撑通道相当于通气管在鼻腔内的延伸，通气管通过鼻撑通道端部的通孔通气。
同时，所述鼻撑通道远离通孔的一端与所述通气管连通；所述通气管靠近鼻撑一端的管壁设有若干排气孔，所述排气孔连通通气管的内壁和外壁，位于内壁一侧的排气孔孔口靠近鼻撑，位于外壁一侧的排气孔孔口远离鼻撑。
由呼吸机以一定压力向鼻腔内输气，首要是确保鼻撑的支撑稳固性，再者要不影响病人自主的呼吸气体交换。因此，排气孔主要用于患者呼吸气体交换排气，排出二氧化碳等交换气体，其设定通气方向应便于排气。位于内壁一侧的排气孔孔口靠近鼻撑，位于外壁一侧的排气孔孔口远离鼻撑，目的在于，输气时，新鲜气流不易透过排气孔外漏，排气时，配合呼吸机的气流压力变化，交换气流容易透过排气孔排出。
作为其中一种优选的方案，所述鼻撑与通气管的端部可拆卸连接。为了保证卫生条件，鼻撑通常为一次性件，方便及时更换，所以鼻撑与通气管端部可快速装拆。另外，鼻撑也可以不连接通气管，进行单独使用，将鼻撑固定在鼻腔内，利用鼻撑通道向鼻腔内通气或者进行其他治疗手段。
其中一种优选的方案，所述鼻撑与通气管的端部套接，装配关系为间隙配合或过盈配合。鼻撑与通气管的连接方式也可以为螺纹连接、卡接等形式，优 选地，采用的是套接，为了保证气密性，在套接装配部分采用间隙配合或者过盈配合。
其中一种优选的方案，由两个通气管组合使用，两个通气管并排设置，且两者之间设有连接结构。通气管可以单独使用，也可以两个通气管合并使用，两边通气管的鼻撑分别塞入患者鼻腔内，进行固定和通气，当两只通气管同时使用时，可通过连接结构进行固定，避免通气管缠绕。
优选地，连接结构为魔术贴连接结构，或纽扣连接结构，或卡扣连接结构，或搭扣连接结构。连接结构分为两部分，分别连接两边通气管的管体，通过魔术贴、纽扣、卡扣、搭扣等方式进行两部分的连接固定。
其中一种优选的方案，两个所述通气管均设有鼻翼，所述鼻翼向外侧张开，用于夹持在鼻子外侧。鼻翼用于辅助固定，将鼻撑塞入鼻腔内部之后，两侧鼻翼夹于鼻子外侧，进一步进行固定，防止通气管大幅度摆动造成脱落。
其中一种优选的方案，还包括换气盒，各通气管均连通换气盒，且通过换气盒连接呼吸机；所述换气盒设有备用接口。通气管与换气盒可拆卸连接，透过呼吸机进行输气。备用接口可用于连接其他设备，利于麻醉、输氧设备等。
一般地，撑环的材质为弹性塑料材质。为了确保撑环塞入鼻子的舒适性，撑环通常采用软质硅胶材质，不损伤鼻腔内壁。
与现有技术相比，本发明公开了一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，所取得的有益效果是：该通气仪结构简单合理，通过鼻腔内部进行支撑，尤其适用头部受伤的患者，以及对呼吸机治疗耐受不好、患有幽闭恐惧不习惯佩戴头带式面罩的患者。而且，本通气仪可以通过单个通气管使用，满足鼻气道一侧阻塞的情况，也可以将两支通气管组合起来全鼻通气使用，由呼吸机以一定压力向鼻腔内输气，有助于缓解呼吸睡眠暂停低通气综合症以及其他呼吸困难情况。
附图说明
图1是实施例1结构示意图
图2是实施例1结构示意图。
图3是图2的A处局部放大图。
图4是实施例2结构示意图。
图5是实施例3结构示意图。
其中，1通气管，11排气孔，2鼻撑，21撑环，22鼻撑通道，23通孔，3 鼻翼，4换气盒，41备用接口，5连接结构。
具体实施方式
附图仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；为了更好说明本实施例，附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际产品的尺寸；对于本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。附图中描述位置关系仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制。
下面通过具体实施例，并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的具体描述：
实施例1
如图1-2所示，本实施例提供了一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，通气仪包括通气管1，通气管1的一端设有鼻撑2，另一端与呼吸机接通，其中通气管1通常为医用无毒透明软聚氯乙烯塑料或高性能聚烯烃热塑弹性体(TPE)材料制成。
具体地，鼻撑2包括鼻撑通道22以及若干撑环21，同时鼻撑通道22的一端设有通孔23。具体地，撑环21设于鼻撑通道22圆周外壁，各撑环21沿鼻撑通道22方向依次排列，鼻撑2利用其撑环21支撑固定在鼻腔内壁中，具有很好的固定性，不易脱落。
本实施例中，各撑环同轴设置，其中远离通孔23一端的撑环21为最大外径撑环。具体地，为了适应人体鼻腔结构，沿鼻撑2的入鼻方向，各撑环21的外径依次减小，塞入患者鼻腔时有较好的舒适度。同时，撑环21为弹性塑料材质，例如软质硅胶，不易损害鼻腔内壁。最大外径撑环作为限位环堵在鼻腔孔，防止鼻撑2过度塞入。使用时，该鼻撑2塞入人体鼻腔中，另外，鼻撑也可以不连接通气管，进行单独使用，将鼻撑固定在鼻腔内，利用鼻撑通道向鼻腔内通气或者进行其他治疗手段。
佩戴时，将鼻撑2塞入患者鼻腔，撑环21支撑鼻腔内壁，进行有效固定，不需另外配备头带进行固定，尤其不影响头部有创伤的患者使用，因此该通气仪使用覆盖性更大。
本实施例中，鼻撑2与通气管1的端部可拆卸连接，在实际应用中，也可将鼻撑和通气管一体生产。同时，鼻撑2设有与通气管1连通的鼻撑通道22，各撑环21沿鼻撑通道22外圆周设置，而且，鼻撑通道22远离通气管1一端的通孔23为若干气孔。呼吸机气流通过通气管1、鼻撑通道22、通孔23输入至 鼻腔内，辅助患者呼吸。
为了保证卫生条件，鼻撑2通常为一次性件，方便及时更换，因此鼻撑2与通气管1的端部通常采用套接的形式快速装拆，两者装配关系为过盈配合，保证气密性，且不易脱落。
由呼吸机以一定压力向鼻腔内输气，首要是确保鼻撑的支撑稳固性，再者要不影响病人自主的呼吸气体交换。因此，通气管1靠近鼻撑2一端的管壁设有若干排气孔11，排气孔11连通通气管1的内壁和外壁，位于内壁一侧的排气孔11孔口靠近鼻撑2，位于外壁一侧的排气孔11孔口远离鼻撑2。排气孔11主要用于患者呼吸排气，排放二氧化碳等交换气体，输气时，新鲜气流不易透过排气孔11外漏，排气时，配合呼吸机的气流压力变化，交换气流容易透过排气孔11排出，因此设定位于内壁一侧的排气孔11孔口靠近鼻撑2，位于外壁一侧的排气孔11孔口远离鼻撑2，如图3所示。
通气管1一端连接呼吸机，气流经通气管1、鼻撑2流入患者鼻腔，当患者完成一个吸气动作后，呼吸机通过传感器触发后减少供氧量，配合患者将废气从通孔23逆向排至鼻撑2，再从通气管1上的排气孔11排出，患者完成呼气动作后，传感器则触发呼吸机恢复供氧量。
实施例2
如图4所示，本实施例同样提供了一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，通气仪由两个通气管1组合使用，单个通气管1的结构、作用原理与实施例1相同，不同之处在于，本实施例的两个通气管1并排设置，且两者之间设有连接结构5。两边通气管1的鼻撑2分别塞入患者鼻腔内，进行固定和通气，当两只通气管1同时使用时，可通过连接结构5进行固定，避免通气管1缠绕。
具体地，连接结构5为魔术贴连接结构，魔术贴连接结构分为两部分，一边通气管1上设置魔术贴绒面，另一边通气管1上设置魔术贴勾面，通过魔术贴绒面与魔术贴勾面的配合，可实现两边通气管1的固定。
另外，两个通气管1均设有用于辅助固定的鼻翼3，两边鼻翼3向外侧张开，夹持在鼻子外侧，将鼻撑2塞入鼻腔内部之后，两侧鼻翼3夹在鼻子外侧，防止通气管1大幅度摆动造成脱落。
本实施例还包括换气盒4，各通气管1均连通换气盒4，且通过换气盒4连接呼吸机，其中通气管1与换气盒4可拆卸连接。换气盒4为本领域内的常用 部件，因此此处不对其结构一一解释，值得注意的是，本换气盒4上设有备用接口41，备用接口41可用于连接其他设备，利于麻醉、输氧设备等，其他设备通过通气仪进行输入。
实施例3
如图5所示，本实施例也提供了一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，本实施例采用与实施例2相似的结构，不同之处在于，本实施例的连接结构5为搭扣连接结构，搭扣连接结构分为两部分，一边通气管1上设置勾体，另一边通气管1上设置环体，通过勾体与环体的配合，可实现两边通气管1的固定。具体地，通常通过塑料件或纺织布将勾体、环体连接在通气管1上。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，其特征在于：包括通气管(1)，所述通气管(1)一端设有鼻撑(2)，所述鼻撑(2)包括鼻撑通道(22)以及若干撑环(21)，所述鼻撑通道(22)的一端设有通孔(23)，所述通孔(23)为若干气孔；
    所述撑环(21)设于鼻撑通道(22)圆周外壁，各撑环(21)沿鼻撑通道(22)方向依次排列，用于支撑鼻腔内壁；各撑环(21)同轴设置，远离通孔一端的撑环(21)为最大外径撑环，沿所述鼻撑(2)的入鼻方向，各所述撑环(21)的外径依次减小；
    所述鼻撑通道(22)远离通孔(23)的一端与所述通气管(1)连通；所述通气管(1)靠近鼻撑(2)一端的管壁设有若干排气孔(11)，所述排气孔(11)连通通气管(1)的内壁和外壁，位于内壁一侧的排气孔(11)孔口靠近鼻撑(2)，位于外壁一侧的排气孔(11)孔口远离鼻撑(2)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，其特征在于：所述鼻撑(2)与通气管(1)的端部可拆卸连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，其特征在于：所述鼻撑(2)与通气管(1)的端部套接，装配关系为间隙配合或过盈配合。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，其特征在于：由两个所述通气管(1)组合使用，两个通气管(1)并排设置，且两者之间设有连接结构(5)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，其特征在于：两个所述通气管(1)均设有鼻翼(3)，所述鼻翼(3)向外侧张开，用于夹持在鼻子外侧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述鼻塞式呼吸通气仪，其特征在于：还包括换气盒(4)，各通气管(1)均连通换气盒(4)，且通过换气盒(4)连接呼吸机；所述换气盒(4)设有备用接口(41)。
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