WO2023079626A1

WO2023079626A1 - Power generation system, control device, control method, and program

Info

Publication number: WO2023079626A1
Application number: PCT/JP2021/040588
Authority: WO
Inventors: 仁哉稻月; 純一富永; 郁郎西田; 博之古瀬
Original assignee: Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社
Priority date: 2021-11-04
Filing date: 2021-11-04
Publication date: 2023-05-11
Also published as: WO2023080174A1; JPWO2023080174A1; JPWO2023079626A1

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is stable activation and driving a power generator, which is required after stoppage of the reception of electric power from a commercial electric power system or a normal power supply. The present invention comprises: a power generator which controls generated power by the driving of an internal combustion engine provided with a speed governor; simulated loads in which a load capacity is set so as to be able to consume the generated power of the power generator and be able to adjust power consumption in a state in which the internal combustion engine is driven; simulated load adjustment units which are capable of adjusting the power consumption of the simulated loads; and a control unit which is capable of controlling the power consumption of the simulated load by controlling the simulated load adjustment unit. The simulated loads and the simulated load adjustment units are provided in a plurality of pairs. When the power generator is activated, the control unit performs control to introduce, with respect to the power generator, at least some of the simulated loads, among the plurality of simulated loads, in which load capacities are set to be equal to or greater than a load of prescribed power consumption that does not cause tripping in the activation operation of the power generator.

Description

GENERATION SYSTEM, CONTROL DEVICE, CONTROL METHOD, AND PROGRAM

The present invention relates to a power generation system, control device, control method, and program.

Facilities with power loads such as electrical equipment may be equipped with a power generation system that generates power by connecting to the commercial power system and supplies the generated power to the power loads. In Patent Document 1, as such a power generation system, an internal combustion engine that drives a generator in a state where the generator is disconnected from the commercial power system or the normal power supply during a power failure when power reception from the commercial power system or the normal power supply is stopped. When the engine is started and the generator is in self-sustained operation, and the generated voltage of the generator is established and stable power generation is possible, part or all of the power load to be supplied during a power failure is specified. A technique is disclosed for injecting a load into a generator. In such a power generation system, it is possible to establish the power generation voltage of the generator and turn on the power load in a short period of time, for example, within about 40 seconds, after the power supply from the commercial power system or the normal power supply is stopped. (See Non-Patent Document 1).

Further, in Patent Document 2, the power consumption of the first simulated load and the second simulated load are equalized by the simulated load control means, the first simulated load power consumption adjusting means, and the second simulated load power consumption adjusting means. A technique for executing simulated load control is disclosed. Patent Document 3 discloses an electric load power consumption measuring means for measuring the power consumption of an electric load, a simulated load that consumes power generated by a generator, and a simulated load power consumption adjusting means that can change the power consumption of the simulated load. a simulated load control for controlling the simulated load power consumption adjusting means based on the measurement results of the power load power consumption measuring means so that the power generated by the generator is maintained at or above a predetermined reference generated power that enables stable operation of the engine; An arrangement comprising means is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-6595 JP 2017-184485 A JP 2015-109746 A

In the power generation system according to the conventional technology described above, the power load fluctuates when the power load is turned on or off. In order to stabilize the operation of the power generator against this power load fluctuation, it is necessary to apply a load in advance using a simulated load. Here, in order to arbitrarily adjust the output of the simulated load when applying the simulated load in advance, as disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, a simulated load is placed between the generator and the simulated load. A power regulator must be provided to regulate power consumption.

However, by providing a power regulator, when executing power regulation control for a simulated load in a power generation system, harmonics that distort the current waveform are generated, and the power factor in the operation of the generator is reduced. may cause When the power factor of the generator decreases, it becomes difficult to keep the generator running when starting or continuing operation, and the original power load that consumes the power from the generator is reduced. It is possible that the generator will stop before it can be turned on. Therefore, there is a demand for a technology that can stably start and operate a generator after power supply from the commercial power system or normal power supply is stopped.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and its object is to provide a power generation system and a control device that can stably start and operate a generator after stopping receiving power from a commercial power system or a normal power supply. , a control method, and a program.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, a power generation system according to one aspect of the present invention includes a generator that controls generated power by driving an internal combustion engine having a speed governor; a simulated load whose load capacity is set so as to be able to consume the power generated by the generator and adjust the power consumption in a state where the simulated load is in a state where the power is being consumed; and a simulated load adjustment unit configured to be able to adjust the power consumption of the simulated load; a control unit capable of controlling the power consumption of the simulated load by controlling the simulated load adjusting unit, wherein a plurality of pairs of the simulated load and the simulated load adjusting unit are provided; At least one of the plurality of simulated loads, at least a portion of which the load capacity is set to be greater than or equal to a load that consumes a predetermined power consumption that does not cause a trip in the startup operation of the generator, when the generator is started, Control to turn on the generator.

In the power generation system according to one aspect of the present invention, in the above invention, the control unit outputs an adjustment signal to the simulated load adjustment unit, and during the starting operation of the generator, the partial simulated load are applied, the remaining simulated loads of the plurality of simulated loads are sequentially applied to the generator.

In the power generation system according to an aspect of the present invention, in the above invention, the control unit increases the load of the remaining simulated load on the generator stepwise, stepwise, or linearly. Control the input.

In the power generation system according to one aspect of the present invention, in the above invention, two or more sets of the simulated load and the simulated load adjustment unit are provided.

In the power generation system according to one aspect of the present invention, in the above invention, after the plurality of simulated loads are applied to the generator, the control unit, for a power load different from the simulated load, The simulated load adjuster is controlled so as to start supplying power generated by the generator and increase or decrease the power consumption of the simulated load in response to fluctuations in power consumption due to the power load.

A control device according to an aspect of the present invention is a plurality of power generators that can consume power generated by a generator that controls power generated by driving an internal combustion engine that includes a speed governor, and whose load capacities are set so that the power consumption can be adjusted. A control device comprising a control unit capable of controlling a simulated load and a plurality of simulated load adjustment units configured to individually adjust the power consumption of the plurality of simulated loads and provided in pairs with the plurality of simulated loads. wherein, when the generator is started, the control unit sets the load capacity to be equal to or higher than a load that consumes a predetermined power consumption that does not cause a trip in the start-up operation of the generator, among the plurality of simulated loads. at least a portion of the simulated load that has been generated is controlled to be applied to the generator.

A control method according to an aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of load capacities that can consume power generated by a generator that controls power generated by driving an internal combustion engine that includes a speed governor, and whose load capacities are set so that the power consumption can be adjusted. A control method executed by a control unit capable of controlling a simulated load and a plurality of simulated load adjustment units configured to individually adjust the power consumption of the plurality of simulated loads and provided in pairs with the plurality of simulated loads. wherein, when the generator is started, the load capacity is greater than or equal to a load that consumes a predetermined power consumption that does not cause a trip in the startup operation of the generator, among the plurality of simulated loads. At least part of the set simulated load is controlled to be applied to the generator.

A program according to an aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of simulations in which power generated by a generator that controls generated power by driving an internal combustion engine including a speed governor can be consumed, and load capacities are set so that the power consumption can be adjusted. a control unit capable of controlling a load and a plurality of simulated load adjustment units configured to be able to individually adjust the power consumption of the plurality of simulated loads and provided in pairs with the plurality of simulated loads; At the time of start-up, among the plurality of simulated loads, at least a portion of the simulated loads having the load capacity set to be equal to or higher than a load that consumes a predetermined power consumption that does not cause a trip during the start-up operation of the power generator. Execute the control to turn on the machine.

According to the power generation system, the control device, the control method, and the program according to the present invention, it is possible to stably start and operate the power generator after stopping receiving power from the commercial power system or the normal power supply. .

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a power generation system according to one embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a power generation system control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of control by the power generation system control device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the input rate of the simulated load and the power factor of the engine generator when one simulated load is controlled. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the input rate of the simulated loads and the power factor of the engine generator when controlling a plurality of simulated loads simultaneously. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the input rate of the simulated loads and the power factor of the engine generator when a plurality of simulated loads are individually controlled. FIG. 7 is a flow chart for explaining a control method by a power generation system control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a graph for explaining a control method by the power generation system control device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a graph showing a simulated load input rate, generator output, and generator power factor for explaining the effect of the power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in all the drawings of the following one embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts. Moreover, the present invention is not limited to the one embodiment described below.

First, a power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described. Although one embodiment described below relates to a power generation system that includes an engine generator, a simulated load, and a controller, other power generation systems are possible. The engine generator 20 generates power by driving an internal combustion engine 21 provided with a speed governor (not shown). The engine generator 20 is controlled by a predetermined engine control unit (not shown) so that the output is an arbitrary output below the rated output during power generation for supplying generated power to the power load 50 . In the power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention, the control device 10 controls the simulated load so as to reduce changes in the power generated by the engine generator 20 due to input/disconnect operations of the power load 50 or changes in the operating load factor. It is a system that increases or decreases power consumption. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a power generation system according to this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, a power generation system 1 according to one embodiment includes a control device 10, an engine generator 20, a simulated load group 30 adjusted by a simulated load power consumption regulator 31, a commercial power system 40, and a power load 50. Prepare.

In the power generation system 1, the output side of the engine generator 20 is provided with a generated power measuring section 61 capable of measuring the output power. An input side of the power load 50 is provided with a power load power consumption measurement unit 62 capable of measuring the power supplied. On the input side of the simulated load power consumption adjuster 31, a simulated load power consumption measurement unit 63 capable of measuring the supplied power is provided.

The engine generator 20 as a generator has an internal combustion engine 21 and a generator 22 . The engine generator 20 is configured to be capable of generating power by generating rotational motion with an engine as an internal combustion engine using fuel to rotate the rotor of the generator 22 . Note that the internal combustion engine 21 is not limited to an internal combustion engine 21 such as an engine as long as it is an engine capable of generating power by the generator 22 .

The simulated load group 30 is configured with a plurality of

simulated loads

301, 302, 303, and 304. Each of the simulated loads 301-304 is composed of, for example, a load resistor that consumes a predetermined amount of power. Each of the simulated loads 301 to 304 consumes at least part of the power generated by the engine generator 20, thereby suppressing fluctuations in the power generated by the engine generator 20 and stabilizing the load. 50 is provided independently. Incidentally, the simulated loads 301 to 304 are common to the power load 50 in that they are loads that consume the power generated by the engine generator 20 .

The simulated load power consumption adjuster 31 as a simulated load adjuster is a device that adjusts the power consumed by the simulated load group 30 based on the adjustment signal input from the control device 10 . The simulated load power consumption adjuster 31 includes simulated load adjusters 311, 312, 313, and 314 corresponding to the simulated loads 301 to 304, respectively, and can independently control the plurality of simulated loads 301 to 304. configured to That is, the simulated loads 301 to 304 are configured to be able to adjust the magnitude of the loads by the simulated load adjusters 311 to 314, respectively. Thereby, simulated load adjusters 311 to 314 are configured to be able to adjust the power consumption of simulated loads 301 to 304 based on the adjustment signal input from control device 10, respectively. The adjustment signal includes information for controlling an increase or decrease in power consumption of the simulated load group 30 .

In this embodiment, the simulated load group 30 includes four simulated loads 301 to 304, but the number may be other than four as long as there are multiple simulated loads. In order to efficiently execute the control method described later, the number of simulated loads is typically 2 or more and 10 or less, preferably 3 or more and 6 or less, more preferably 4 or 5. It is a table. In this case, the simulated load adjusters are also provided corresponding to the number of installed simulated loads, and are provided in pairs with the simulated loads. That is, the number of pairs of the simulated load and the simulated load adjuster is typically 2 or more and 10 or less, preferably 3 or more and 6 or less, more preferably 4 or 5.

The commercial power system 40 is, for example, a power system from a power company. In this specification, the commercial power system 40 is referred to as including the regular power supply. The electric power load 50 is a load to which electric power necessary for operating the facility is supplied, and is specifically a load such as a pump or a motor. Note that the power load 50 is not limited to, for example, a pump or a motor, and conventionally known various loads can be used.

The generated power measurement unit 61 is a wattmeter that is connected to the power supply line connected to the engine generator 20 and outputs the measured value of the generated power output by the engine generator 20 to the control device 10 . The power load power consumption measurement unit 62 is a power meter that is connected to a power supply line connected to the power load 50 and outputs a measured value of power consumption consumed by the power load 50 to the control device 10 . The simulated load power consumption measurement unit 63 is connected to the power supply line connected to the simulated load group 30 or the simulated load power consumption regulator 31, and outputs the measured value of the power consumption consumed by the simulated load group 30 to the control device 10. It is a power meter that A plurality of simulated load power consumption measurement units 63 may be provided on the input side of each of the simulated loads 301 to 304 so as to correspond to each of the simulated loads 301 to 304 . In addition, the generated power measurement unit 61, the power load power consumption measurement unit 62, and the simulated load power consumption measurement unit 63 are not limited to power meters as long as they are measuring devices capable of evaluating an increase or decrease in power. It is possible to employ a variety of measuring instruments.

The control device 10 acquires measured values of the power generated by the engine generator 20, the power consumption of the power load 50, and the power consumption of the simulated load group 30, and adjusts the consumption of the simulated load group 30 by the simulated load power consumption adjuster 31. It is a device that controls the increase and decrease of electric power. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the control device 10 of the power generation system 1 according to this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 10 includes a determination control section 11, an addition section 12, a difference calculation section 13, a control sensitivity calculation section 14, a control output calculation section 15, and a storage section 16. Measured values are input to the control device 10 from the generated power measuring unit 61 , the power load power consumption measuring unit 62 , and the simulated load power consumption measuring unit 63 . Control device 10 outputs a control signal (adjustment signal) to each of simulated load regulators 311 to 314 of simulated load power consumption regulator 31 .

The determination control unit 11, the addition unit 12, the difference calculation unit 13, the control sensitivity calculation unit 14, and the control output calculation unit 15 specifically have hardware such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a DSP (Digital Signal Processor). , FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) and other processors, and RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory) and other main storage units (none of which are shown).

The storage unit 16 is composed of a storage medium selected from volatile memory such as RAM, nonvolatile memory such as ROM, EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), hard disk drive (HDD, Hard Disk Drive), and removable media. . Removable media are, for example, USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory, or disc recording media such as CD (Compact Disc), DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), or BD (Blu-ray (registered trademark) Disc). be. Alternatively, the storage unit 16 may be configured using a computer-readable recording medium such as a memory card that can be attached from the outside. The storage unit 16 can store an operating system (OS), various programs, various tables, various databases, and the like for executing the operations of the control device 10 . Here, the various programs include a power increase/decrease control program for realizing increase/decrease control of the power consumption of the simulated load group 30 according to this embodiment. These various programs can be recorded on computer-readable recording media such as hard disks, flash memories, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, flexible disks, etc., and can be widely distributed.

In the control device 10, the program stored in the storage unit 16 is loaded into the work area of the main storage unit and executed, and by controlling each component through the execution of the program, the function that meets the predetermined purpose can be performed. realizable. In this embodiment, the control device 10 executes a program to execute the processes of the determination control section 11, the addition section 12, the difference calculation section 13, the control sensitivity calculation section 14, and the control output calculation section 15. FIG.

The determination control unit 11 is based on the measured value of generated power acquired from the generated power measuring unit 61 and the measured value of power consumption acquired from at least one of the power load power consumption measuring unit 62 and the simulated load power consumption measuring unit 63. to determine and select the control mode. Based on the selected control mode, the determination control unit 11 outputs a control signal (adjustment signal) to the simulated load power consumption adjuster 31 to control it.

The determination control unit 11 in the power generation system 1 according to this embodiment has, for example, the following three power control mode units. The determination control unit 11 of the control device 10 included in the power generation system 1 according to this embodiment functions as a main control unit that executes the following power control modes. Specifically, first, the determination control unit 11 selects one control mode unit from the first power control mode unit 111, the second power control mode unit 112, and the third power control mode unit 113, for example. Subsequently, the determination control unit 11 controls the simulated load adjusters 311 to 314 of the simulated load power consumption adjuster 31 based on the power control mode executed by the selected power control mode unit. Thereby, the power consumption of each of the simulated loads 301 to 304 is controlled, and the power consumption of the entire simulated load group 30 is controlled. Details of the power control modes executed by first power control mode section 111, second power control mode section 112, and third power control mode section 113 will now be described.

The first power control mode executed by the determination control unit 11 selecting the first power control mode unit 111 is a power control mode in which the emission power starts to decrease. That is, during a power outage in the commercial power system 40, the load power of the power load 50 may transiently increase from, for example, the start of power-on. In this case, the first power control mode unit 111 of the determination control unit 11 controls the simulated load power consumption adjuster 31 to increase the power consumption (discharge power) of the simulated load group 30 and increase the load power of the power load 50. change to lower it by As a result, the discharge power is reduced in accordance with the load power consumed by the power load 50, and the power generated by the engine generator 20 can be maintained substantially constant.

In the second power control mode executed by the determination control unit 11 selecting the second power control mode unit 112, the decrease or increase in the emitted power of the simulated load group 30 is stopped for a predetermined time, or the load of the simulated load group 30 is stopped. is maintained constant for a predetermined period of time. That is, the second power control mode unit 112 controls the simulated load power consumption regulator 31 to keep the power emitted from the simulated load group 30 in a state of not decreasing or constant.

The third power control mode executed by the third power control mode unit 113 is a power control mode that increases the power emitted by the simulated load group 30 . That is, the third power control mode section 113 controls the simulated load power consumption adjuster 31 to increase the power emitted from the simulated load group 30 . During a power failure of the commercial power system 40, the load power of the power load 50 may continue to decrease asymptotically. Therefore, the third power control mode unit 113 controls the simulated load power consumption adjuster 31 to adjust the discharge power of the simulated load group 30 to the absolute value of the increase rate of the load power consumed by the power load 50, that is, the decrease rate. Increase at a rate greater than In other words, the generated power that has decreased following the decrease in the load power of the power loads 50 is adjusted by making the increase rate of the discharge power of the simulated load group 30 greater than the decrease rate of the load power of the power loads 50 . As a result, the power generated by the engine generator 20 can be maintained substantially constant.

The control to keep the power generated by the engine generator 20 substantially constant by switching between the first power control mode, the second power control mode, and the third power control mode is referred to as power increase/decrease control for the engine generator 20. .

The adding unit 12 acquires and adds the measured value of the power load power consumption measuring unit 62 and the measured value of the simulated load power consumption measuring unit 63 , and outputs the result to the difference calculating unit 13 . That is, the adder 12 outputs the total power consumption of the simulated load group 30 and the power load 50 to the difference calculator 13 .

The difference calculation unit 13 calculates the difference between the total power consumption of the simulated load group 30 and the power load 50 and the power generated by the engine generator 20 and outputs the difference to the control output calculation unit 15 . In other words, the difference calculator 13 is a calculator that calculates the difference between the generated power and the consumed power. By calculating the difference between the generated power and the consumed power by the difference calculation unit 13, it is possible to calculate the control value of the power consumption for the simulated load group 30 necessary to keep the power generated by the engine generator 20 substantially constant.

The control sensitivity calculation unit 14 outputs the control value of the power consumption of the simulated load group 30 required to keep the generated power substantially constant, which is obtained by the difference calculation unit 13, to the simulated load power consumption adjuster 31. to calculate That is, the control sensitivity calculation unit 14 calculates with what degree of sensitivity the control value of the power consumption of the simulated load group 30 is to be output. The control sensitivity calculation unit 14 outputs sensitivity information obtained by the calculation to the control output calculation unit 15 .

The control output calculation unit 15 calculates the control value of the power consumption of the simulated load group 30 required to keep the generated power substantially constant, which is obtained by the difference calculation unit 13, and the sensitivity value obtained by the control sensitivity calculation unit 14. and generating control information that includes: The control output calculator 15 outputs the generated control information to the determination controller 11 . The determination control unit 11 converts the control information to be output to the simulated load power consumption adjuster 31 obtained by the control output calculation unit 15 into an appropriate control signal, and outputs the control signal to the simulated load power consumption adjuster 31 .

Next, a method of controlling power consumption (hereinafter referred to as "discharged power") by the simulated load group 30 as a control method executed by the control device 10 configured as described above will be described. First, in order to facilitate understanding of the power consumption control method for the simulated load group 30 according to the present embodiment, the inventor's earnest study will be described. FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of control of the engine generator 20 by the engine control unit (not shown) and the control device 10 of the power generation system 1 according to this embodiment.

First, as shown in FIG. 3, it is assumed that the engine generator 20 is disconnected from the power load 50 when a power failure is detected in a facility having the power load 50 or in the commercial power system 40 or the like. An engine control unit (not shown) stabilizes the engine generator 20 by operating the engine generator 20 at the no-load rated speed in a state in which the power load 50 is disconnected from the engine generator 20 . After that, the control device 10 starts load increasing operation of the engine generator 20 with the simulated load. It should be noted that in the present specification, engine power generation using the simulated load group 30 is performed from a state in which the engine generator 20 is stabilized by no-load rated speed operation while the power load 50 is disconnected from the engine generator 20. The lifting load on the machine 20 is called "starting". This causes the engine generator 20 to start discharging electric power and increase the output. When a predetermined starting time elapses from the start time _T1 at which the engine generator 20 starts to start, the starting operation of the engine generator 20 ends. At the end of the starting operation, the engine generator 20 stabilizes and the generated power becomes stable, and the power load 50 can be turned on (stabilization time T ₂ ). When the power generated by the engine generator 20 is stabilized and the stable time point _T2 has passed, the power load 50 starts to be applied (load application start time point _T3 ).

When the power load 50 is applied to the power generated by the engine generator 20 at the load application start time _T3 , the power increase/decrease control is executed by the control device 10, and the discharge power is adjusted according to the load power consumed by the power load 50. be done. In this embodiment, the power generated by the engine generator 20 can be maintained substantially constant by increasing or decreasing the discharge power according to the increase or decrease in the load power according to the following formula (A). As a result, in the power generation system 1, the engine generator 20 can be operated at a constant load by the power increase/decrease control of the discharged power, and the stall of the internal combustion engine 21 in the engine generator 20 due to large load fluctuations can be avoided.
Emitted power = Generated power - Load power … (A)

Here, at the start of the start of the engine generator 20, the power consumption by the simulated load is increased linearly in order to increase the load only with the simulated load and to increase the load of the engine generator 20 stably. is preferred. However, when the engine generator 20 is started in the conventional power generation system, the present inventors have found that the power consumption by the simulated load is reduced in order to increase the load only with the simulated load and to increase the load of the engine generator 20 stably. It has been found that if the power factor is linearly increased, the power factor may suddenly drop, causing the engine generator 20 to trip. That is, the inventors have found that when the engine generator 20 is activated at the activation start time _T1 , the engine generator 20 may trip during the time period (activation period δ1) shown in FIG.

Therefore, the present inventor started the engine generator 20 in a state in which a predetermined load (hereinafter referred to as an initial load) was applied in advance using a load corresponding to the electric load 50, and the load application rate MV of the simulated load group 30 (%) and the power factor of the engine generator 20 was tested. FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 respectively show the case where one simulated load is provided, the case where a plurality of simulated loads are provided, and the case where a plurality of simulated loads are provided, respectively, which the present inventor performed in the power generation system 1. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the input rate of the simulated load and the power factor of the engine generator in the experiment when the control is performed to .

First, the inventor conducted an experiment using one simulated load 301 in the simulated load group 30 . Here, the initial load was set to 20%, 15%, 10%, and 5% of the set output of the engine generator 20, respectively. The results are shown in FIG. Note that the maximum load of the simulated load 301 was set to 150 kW. Note that the set output is also called a specified output.

From FIG. 4, when the initial load is 20%, the power factor decreases from 1 as the load throwing rate MV of the simulated load 301 is increased from 0%, and the load throwing rate MV is about 40% to 50%. It can be seen that the power factor drops to the minimum of about 0.93 at . Also, it can be seen that the power factor increases from 0.93 to 1 as the load input rate MV of the simulated load 301 is increased from 40%. Similarly, when the initial load is 15%, while the load throwing rate MV of the simulated load 301 is increased from 0% to 100%, the power factor reaches its minimum value of 0.00 at a load throwing rate MV of about 40%. It can be seen that it decreases to about 9 and then increases to 1. When the initial load is 10%, while the load throwing factor MV of the simulated load 301 is increased from 0% to 100%, the power factor is the minimum 0.85 when the load throwing factor MV is about 40%. It can be seen that it increases to 1 after decreasing to about . Here, as a result of further investigation by the present inventors, it was found that the reason why the power factor is minimized when the load input rate MV of the simulated load 301 is approximately 40% to 50% is due to the generation of harmonics. I came to know.

Furthermore, when the initial load is set to 5%, when the load input rate MV of the simulated load 301 is increased from 0%, it falls below the serious failure notification condition cos θ _min of the engine generator 20 in the middle of the increase. It was found that the engine generator 20 tripped. Specifically, when the set output of the engine generator 20 is 600 kW, if the initial load is set to 30 kW or less, the load input rate MV of the simulated load 301 is increased until the load input rate reaches 100%. (hereinafter referred to as load increase) becomes difficult. In other words, the initial load should be 0%. , and the engine generator 20 reaches a serious failure condition. Therefore, it turned out to be extremely difficult to increase the load of the engine generator 20 with the initial load set to 0%.

The present inventor conducted an experiment in which a plurality of simulated loads, for example, a plurality of simulated loads 301 and 302 were provided, and the simulated loads 301 and 302 were increased together to start the engine generator 20 . Note that the maximum load of the simulated loads 301 and 302 was set to 300 kW for two units (2×150=). The results are shown in FIG. It can be seen from FIG. 5 that in this case also, the tendency of the load increase of the engine generator 20 is the same as in FIG. In addition, when the initial load is 10%, when the load input rate MV of the simulated load 301 is increased from 0%, it falls below the serious failure notification condition cos θ _min during the increase, causing the engine generator 20 to trip. It turned out to do. Specifically, when the set output of the engine generator 20 is 600 kW, it has become difficult to increase the load of the engine generator 20 if the initial load is set to 60 kW or less.

Furthermore, the present inventor provides a plurality of simulated loads, for example, a plurality of simulated loads 301 to 304, sequentially increases the load input rate MV from 0% to 100%, and increases the simulated loads 301 to 304 one by one. An experiment was conducted to increase the load on the generator 20 . The simulated loads 301 to 304 each have a load of 150 kW. The results are shown in FIG. It can be seen from FIG. 6 that in this case also, the tendency of the load increase of the engine generator 20 is the same as in FIG. That is, when the load input rates MV of the plurality of simulated loads 301 to 304 are increased one by one, the conditions for the first simulated load 301 are the same as those in FIG. If the input rate MV is increased from 0%, it falls below the serious failure notification condition cos θ _min during the increase, causing the engine generator 20 to trip.

Based on the above experiments, the present inventors conducted further intensive studies and devised a control method for increasing the load at startup without causing the engine generator 20 to trip. That is, the inventor provides a plurality of simulated loads that can be applied to the engine generator 20 independently of each other, and when applying the plurality of simulated loads to the engine generator 20, The load capacity of the first simulated load is increased steplessly and instantaneously to the preset load capacity, and the second and subsequent simulated loads, which are the remaining simulated loads, are sequentially set one by one. A control method was devised to increase the load capacity. Here, the load capacity for steplessly increasing the simulated load of the first unit is selected to be greater than or equal to the load capacity at which the engine generator 20 does not trip. The present invention described below has been devised through the above earnest studies by the inventors of the present invention.

Next, a control method by the control device 10 in this embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a flow chart for explaining the control method by the control device in this embodiment. FIG. 8 is a graph showing an example of control corresponding to FIG. 7 by the control device 10 in this embodiment. ST shown in FIG. 8 corresponds to the steps shown in FIG. The flowchart shown in FIG. 7 is started by starting the engine generator 20 after the commercial power system 40 is in a power failure state and the engine generator 20 is disconnected from the power load 50 .

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in step ST1, control device 10 applies an adjustment signal to apply load of one of simulated loads 301 to 304 when engine generator 20 is started. is output to the simulated load power consumption regulator 31 . It should be noted that "at the start of the engine generator 20" means that although there are variations depending on the specifications and performance (specs) of the engine generator 20, there is no increase in load on the engine generator 20 by a predetermined engine control unit (not shown). In the case of the engine generator 20 according to the present embodiment, it means a time interval of about ±1 second, for example. That is, control device 10 outputs an adjustment signal to simulated load adjuster 311 of simulated load power consumption adjuster 31 to apply simulated load 301 to engine generator 20 . Here, the load of the simulated load 301 is applied to the engine generator 20 so as to increase stepwise from 0% to 100%. That is, the load capacity of the simulated load 301 applied to the engine generator 20 is instantaneously increased from 0% to 100%. Here, in the example shown in FIG. 7, by setting the load capacity of 100% of the simulated load 301 to the load capacity of X% of the set output of the engine generator 20, immediately before the start of the engine generator 20 , a load of X% of the set output is applied to the engine generator 20 stepwise. Various values can be adopted for X% as long as it is equal to or greater than the load capacity at which the engine generator 20 does not trip. In this embodiment, the load capacities of the four simulated loads 301 to 304 are made equal to each other, and the total load capacity is made substantially equal to the set output of the engine generator 20 . As a result, the load capacity of each of the simulated loads 301-304 becomes 25% of the set output of the engine generator 20. FIG. It should be noted that the load capacities of the simulated loads 301 to 304 can be set to different load capacities.

After that, the process proceeds to step ST2, and the control device 10 determines whether or not the fluctuation of the output of the engine generator 20 accompanying the application of the first simulated load 301 has stabilized. When 0% to 100% of the load capacity of the simulated load 301 is instantaneously applied to the engine generator 20, it may take a certain period of time for the engine generator 20 to settle, that is, to stabilize the power generation output. Until the output of the generated electric power of the engine generator 20 stabilizes (step ST2: No), it waits until the output of the engine generator 20 stabilizes in step ST2. When the control device 10 determines that the output of the engine generator 20 is in a stable state (step ST2: Yes), the process proceeds to step ST3.

In step ST3, the control device 10 selects the second and subsequent simulated loads 301 to 304, here the second simulated load 302, from the load capacity of the engine generator 20 from 0% to 100%. Inject linearly, stepwise, or stepwise. That is, control device 10 outputs an adjustment signal to simulated load adjuster 312 to control the load of simulated load 302, thereby increasing the load of simulated load 302 from 0% to engine generator 20 while increasing the load of simulated load 302 to 100%. %. As a result, the load capacity applied to the engine generator 20 increases from X% of the set output of the engine generator 20 to Y%. In the example shown in FIG. 8 , the load of the simulated load 302 is linearly increased to apply from X% to Y% of the set output of the engine generator 20 . Note that Y% in this embodiment is, for example, 50%.

Next, in step ST4, the control device 10 selects the second and subsequent simulated loads 303 from the plurality of simulated loads 301 to 304, here the third simulated load 303, to the engine generator 20 so that the engine generator 20 has a load capacity. Dosing from 0% to 100% linearly, stepwise, or stepwise. That is, the control device 10 outputs an adjustment signal to the simulated load adjuster 313 to control the load of the simulated load 303, thereby increasing the load of the simulated load 303 from 0% to the engine generator 20 to 100%. %. As a result, the load capacity applied to the engine generator 20 increases from Y% of the set output of the engine generator 20 to Z%. In the example shown in FIG. 8 , the load of the simulated load 303 is linearly increased to apply from Y % to Z % of the set output of the engine generator 20 . Note that Z % in this embodiment is, for example, 75%.

The above X%, Y%, and Z% can be set arbitrarily. That is, an arbitrary control range is assigned to the simulated loads 301 to 304, each of the simulated loads 301 to 304 is individually controlled, and the load input rate MV of each of the simulated loads 301 to 304 is increased from 0% to Increase to 100%. As a result, when the load application rate MV in the simulated load group 30 is set to 100%, the load is applied up to the set output of the engine generator 20, for example, about 70% of the rated output.

Next, in step ST5, the control device 10 selects the second and subsequent simulated loads 301 to 304, here the fourth simulated load 304, from the plurality of simulated loads 301 to 304, to the engine generator 20. Dosing from 0% to 100% linearly, stepwise, or stepwise. That is, the control device 10 outputs an adjustment signal to the simulated load adjuster 314 to control the load of the simulated load 304, thereby increasing the load of the simulated load 304 from 0% to the engine generator 20 to 100%. %. As a result, the load capacity applied to the engine generator 20 increases from Z% of the set output of the engine generator 20 to 100%. In the example shown in FIG. 8 , the load of the simulated load 304 is linearly increased from Z% of the set output of the engine generator 20 to 100%.

After that, the process proceeds to step ST5, and the control device 10 determines whether or not a condition (power load input condition) for inputting the power load 50 provided in the facility or the like to the engine generator 20 has been established. It is determined whether or not the output of the power generated by 20 has stabilized. The control device 10 waits until the output of the generated power from the engine generator 20 stabilizes before the power load 50 is turned on (step ST6: No). On the other hand, when the control device 10 determines that the power load input condition of the engine generator 20 is satisfied (step ST6: Yes), the process proceeds to step ST7.

In step ST7, the control device 10 applies the power load 50 to the engine generator 20, and selects the first to third power control modes to start power increase/decrease control. In the power increase/decrease control in step ST7, the control device 10 outputs adjustment signals to the simulated load adjusters 311 to 314, and adjusts the loads of the simulated loads 301 to 304 according to the increase/decrease in the load power of the power load 50. do. As a result, the electric power generated by the engine generator 20 is controlled to be substantially constant, as shown in the above formula (A). As described above, the control processing of the load to be applied to the engine generator 20 by the control device 10 according to the present embodiment, that is, the control processing for the simulated load group 30 and the simulated load power consumption adjuster 31 is completed.

Although the control process according to the above-described embodiment is applied to the start-up period δ1 shown in FIG. can do. That is, in the power increase/decrease control by the control device 10, in addition to the method of simultaneously controlling the simulated loads 301 to 304 in the simulated load group 30, these simulated loads 301 to 304 can be individually controlled to obtain the required emitted power. By sequentially turning on the simulated loads 301 to 304 that consume the power, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the power factor of the engine generator 20, so that it is possible to more stably control the emitted power.

FIG. 9 shows a graph when the engine generator 20 is started using the four heaters having the same load capacity as the simulated loads 301 to 304, respectively, according to the control method according to the present embodiment described above. In FIG. 9, on the left vertical axis, the power output by the engine generator 20 is represented by a dotted line, the total power output by the four heaters is represented by a solid line, and the four heaters are controlled by the control method according to the above-described embodiment. The overall load application rate MV (heater current control MV (%)) under control is indicated by a dashed line. On the right vertical axis, the power factor of the engine generator 20 is indicated by a chain double-dashed line. The two thick dashed lines show an example of conditions for issuing a major failure alarm. second).

From FIG. 9, by instantaneously increasing the load of the first heater (simulated load 301) from 0 to 100% and instantaneously turning on 25% of the set output of the engine generator 20, It can be seen that the simulated load regulator 311 of the first heater (simulated load 301) is in a pass-through state, and the decrease in power factor can be resolved. That is, from FIG. 9, even when the load of the second heater (simulated load 302) is linearly increased, the power factor of the engine generator 20 is only reduced to about 0.95. I understand. Even when the loads of the third and fourth heaters (simulated loads 303 and 304) are linearly increased, the heaters can be individually controlled to respond to the serious failure notification condition. It can be seen that a sufficient margin of power factor can be ensured.

According to the findings of the present inventor, the power factor of the engine generator 20 is derived from the ratio of "active power" and "reactive power" consumed by the applied load. In addition, when the first simulated load 301 is stepwise increased to X%, or up to 25% in the above-described embodiment, instantaneously, when the simulated load adjuster 311 is 0% and 100%, No power factor drop occurs (see FIGS. 4-6). Therefore, by setting the load capacity for applying the simulated load 301 by the first simulated load adjuster 311 to 100%, further simulated loads 302 to 304 can be obtained without causing a decrease in the power factor of the engine generator 20. can be put in. Even if the simulated loads 302 to 304 of the second and subsequent units are applied in a stepped, stepped, or linear manner, the simulated load 301 has already applied a load that does not cause a drop in power factor. Therefore, even if the reactive power increases, it is considered that the power factor does not drop significantly. Furthermore, as the number of the simulated loads 302 to 304 that are sequentially applied increases, the ratio of the loads with a power factor of 1 to the total of the simulated loads 301 to 304 increases. It is mitigated according to the number of simulated loads that are input. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, when the second to fourth heaters corresponding to the simulated loads 302 to 304 are turned on as the loads of the engine generator 20, the amount of decrease in the power factor increases as the number of heaters increases. It is thought that the

According to the embodiment of the present invention described above, a plurality of simulated loads 301 to 304 that can be controlled independently of each other are connected to the engine generator 20 in a state in which the load can be applied, and the engine generator 20 At startup, a load capacity that does not trip at least the engine generator 20 is instantaneously applied stepwise from 0% to 100% to the simulated load adjuster 311 that controls at least one simulated load 301. As a result, even when the remaining simulated loads 302 to 304 are sequentially increased from 0% to 100%, the engine generator 20 can be stably started while avoiding tripping. Become.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described one embodiment, and various modifications are possible based on the technical idea of the present invention. For example, the numerical values given in one embodiment above are merely examples, and different numerical values may be used if desired. The invention is not limited.

(recoding media)
In the above-described embodiment, the program for executing the processing method executed by the control device 10 can be recorded in a recording medium readable by a device such as a computer or other machine (hereinafter referred to as a computer or the like). The computer or the like functions as the control device 10 by causing the computer or the like to read and execute the program of the recording medium. Here, a computer-readable recording medium is a non-temporary medium that stores information such as data and programs by electrical, magnetic, optical, mechanical, or chemical action and can be read by a computer or the like. a recording medium. Examples of such recording media that can be removed from a computer include flexible disks, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROMs, CD-R/Ws, DVDs, BDs, DATs, magnetic tapes, flash memories, and other memories. There are cards, etc. In addition, there are a hard disk, a ROM, and the like as a recording medium fixed to a computer or the like. Furthermore, SSD can be used as a recording medium that can be removed from a computer or the like, or as a recording medium that is fixed to a computer or the like.

Also, the program to be executed by the control device 10 according to one embodiment may be stored on a computer connected to a network such as the Internet, and provided by being downloaded via the network.

(Other embodiments)
In the above-described embodiment, the above-described "unit" can be read as "circuit" or the like. For example, the controller can be read as a control circuit.

In the description of the flowcharts in this specification, expressions such as “first”, “next”, “after”, and “following” are used to clearly indicate the anteroposterior relationship of processing between steps. The order of operations required to implement aspects of is not uniquely defined by those representations. That is, the order of processing in the flow charts described herein can be changed within a consistent range.

Further effects and modifications can be easily derived by those skilled in the art. The broader aspects of the disclosure are not limited to the specific details and representative embodiments shown and described above. Accordingly, various changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

The power generation system, control device, control method, and program according to the present invention are suitable for application to an engine generator equipped with a speed governor.

1 power generation system 10 control device 11 determination control unit 12 addition unit 13 difference calculation unit 14 control sensitivity calculation unit 15 control output calculation unit 16 storage unit 20 engine generator 21 internal combustion engine 22 generator 30 simulated load group 31 simulated load power consumption adjustment device 40 commercial power system 50 power load 61 generated power measuring unit 62 power load power consumption measuring unit 63 simulated load power consumption measuring unit 111 first power control mode unit 112 second power control mode unit 113 third power

control mode unit

301, 302, 303, 304 Simulated loads 311, 312, 313, 314 Simulated load adjusters

Claims

a generator that controls generated power by driving an internal combustion engine equipped with a speed governor;
a simulated load whose load capacity is set such that the power generated by the generator can be consumed while the internal combustion engine is running, and the power consumption can be adjusted;
a simulated load adjustment unit configured to be able to adjust the power consumption of the simulated load;
a control unit capable of controlling power consumption of the simulated load by controlling the simulated load adjustment unit;
A plurality of pairs of the simulated load and the simulated load adjustment unit are provided,
The control unit
At least one of the plurality of simulated loads for which the load capacity is set to be greater than or equal to a load that consumes a predetermined power consumption that does not cause a trip during the startup operation of the generator when the generator is started. to the power generator.
The control unit
After outputting an adjustment signal to the simulated load adjustment unit and inputting the part of the simulated load during the startup operation of the generator, the remaining simulated load of the plurality of simulated loads is adjusted to the power generation. 2. The power generation system according to claim 1, wherein control is performed to sequentially turn on the generators.
3. The power generation system according to claim 2, wherein the control unit controls the generator so that the load of the remaining simulated load is increased stepwise, stepwise, or linearly.
The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein two or more sets of the simulated load and the simulated load adjustment unit are provided.
The control unit
After the plurality of simulated loads have been applied to the generator, supply of power generated by the generator to a power load different from the simulated load is started;
The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the simulated load adjuster is controlled so as to increase or decrease the power consumption of the simulated load in response to fluctuations in power consumption due to the power load.
A plurality of simulated loads that can consume power generated by a generator that controls generated power by driving an internal combustion engine that has a speed governor, and whose load capacities are set so that the power consumption can be adjusted; and consumption of the plurality of simulated loads. A control device comprising a control unit capable of controlling the plurality of simulated loads configured to be able to adjust power individually and a plurality of simulated load adjusting units provided in pairs with the plurality of simulated loads,
The control unit
At least one of the plurality of simulated loads for which the load capacity is set to be greater than or equal to a load that consumes a predetermined power consumption that does not cause a trip during the startup operation of the generator when the generator is started. to the generator.
A plurality of simulated loads that can consume power generated by a generator that controls generated power by driving an internal combustion engine that has a speed governor, and whose load capacities are set so that the power consumption can be adjusted; and consumption of the plurality of simulated loads. A control method executed by a control unit capable of controlling a plurality of simulated load adjusting units provided in pairs with the plurality of simulated loads configured to be able to adjust power individually,
The control unit
At least one of the plurality of simulated loads for which the load capacity is set to be greater than or equal to a load that consumes a predetermined power consumption that does not cause a trip during the startup operation of the generator when the generator is started. is controlled to be applied to the generator.
A plurality of simulated loads that can consume power generated by a generator that controls generated power by driving an internal combustion engine that has a speed governor, and whose load capacities are set so that the power consumption can be adjusted; and consumption of the plurality of simulated loads. a control unit capable of controlling a plurality of simulated load adjustment units provided in pairs with the plurality of simulated loads configured to be able to individually adjust power,
At least one of the plurality of simulated loads for which the load capacity is set to be greater than or equal to a load that consumes a predetermined power consumption that does not cause a trip during the startup operation of the generator when the generator is started. to the generator so that it is turned on.