WO2023078355A1 - 一种高压连接装置、电能传输装置及机动车辆 - Google Patents

一种高压连接装置、电能传输装置及机动车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023078355A1
WO2023078355A1 PCT/CN2022/129576 CN2022129576W WO2023078355A1 WO 2023078355 A1 WO2023078355 A1 WO 2023078355A1 CN 2022129576 W CN2022129576 W CN 2022129576W WO 2023078355 A1 WO2023078355 A1 WO 2023078355A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
plug mechanism
hook
connection device
lock
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/129576
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王超
Original Assignee
长春捷翼汽车科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023078355A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023078355A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/639Additional means for holding or locking coupling parts together, after engagement, e.g. separate keylock, retainer strap
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/516Means for holding or embracing insulating body, e.g. casing, hoods
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/629Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/648Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding  
    • H01R13/658High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
    • H01R13/6581Shield structure
    • H01R13/6585Shielding material individually surrounding or interposed between mutually spaced contacts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/665Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electrical technology, in particular to a high-voltage connection device, an electric energy transmission device and a motor vehicle.
  • high-voltage cables and data communication cables are used for the conduction of currents and signals.
  • shielded cables are usually used for high-voltage cables and data communication cables.
  • the shield of the shielded cable is connected to the shield and grounded.
  • the end of the cable is usually connected with a connecting device.
  • the connection device generally does not have a shielding device for shielding, resulting in a large electromagnetic interference at the connection device location.
  • the current solution is to arrange a metal cover inside or outside the connection device, which can play a shielding effect.
  • the metal cover is difficult to process and the cost is high; the assembly of the metal cover and the connecting device is also more troublesome, which increases the assembly man-hour; and when the metal cover is inside the connecting device, it is easy to short-circuit with the guide core, resulting in damage to the shielding layer or even the cable being damaged. Burned out, serious accident occurred.
  • the above method can be solved by using conductive plastic material to process the shell of the connection device, which can be formed at one time, and also reduce the processing and installation of the metal cover, reduce the processing time, and improve production efficiency.
  • the secondary locking mechanism of the current connection device partly They are all installed inside the housing of the connecting device, thereby destroying the sealing of the housing of the connecting device, and electromagnetic interference will radiate from the position of the secondary locking mechanism, thereby interfering with the normal operation of other electrical appliances.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-voltage connection device.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism and the high-voltage plug mechanism are provided with an integrally injection-molded shielding shell, which is simple to process and much lower in cost than the shielded metal shell.
  • the electrical connection of the cable shielding network can effectively shield the electromagnetic interference inside the high-voltage connection device and reduce the electromagnetic interference to other equipment.
  • the primary locking device and the secondary locking device are arranged on the periphery of the shielding case, which will not damage the overall sealing of the shielding case and ensure the shielding effect.
  • the high-voltage interlock mechanism of the high-voltage connection device can be disconnected when the primary locking device is released, and the high-voltage terminals are not disconnected.
  • the control system After receiving the message that the high-voltage interlock mechanism is disconnected, the power supply is cut off, and the high-voltage terminals are not electrically separated, and no arc will be generated when the high-voltage terminals are separated.
  • the present invention provides a high-voltage connection device, which includes a high-voltage socket mechanism and a high-voltage plug mechanism that is mated and locked with the high-voltage socket mechanism.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism is provided with a first locking hook.
  • a primary locking device and a secondary locking device are provided, one end of the secondary locking device includes a first buckle, and can be matched and locked with the first lock hook, and the other end of the secondary locking device includes a second locking device.
  • the primary locking device includes a second locking hook, and is matched and locked with the second locking hook; by moving the primary locking device, the second locking buckle and the second lock The hook is disengaged, and by moving the secondary locking device, the first lock and the first hook are disengaged, so that the high-voltage plug mechanism is disengaged from the high-voltage socket mechanism.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism includes a raised male end protrusion
  • the high-voltage plug mechanism includes a female end cavity
  • both the male end protrusion and the female end cavity include a shielding shell After the male-end protrusion and the female-end cavity are plugged and connected, the respective shielding shells are in contact and electrically connected.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism includes a platform perpendicular to the insertion and extraction direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism, and the first locking hook is arranged on the platform.
  • the first lock hook includes a cylinder and a hook-shaped body, one end of the cylinder is arranged on the platform, and the other end extends along the pulling-out direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism and is connected to the hook
  • the hook-shaped body protrudes from the side of the cylinder and includes a first contact surface perpendicular to the plugging direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism and a first guide at a certain angle to the plugging direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism noodle.
  • the first locking hook further includes a protection baffle
  • the shape of the protection baffle is cylindrical, plate-shaped, L-shaped, ring-shaped or U-shaped, and one end of the protection baffle is set on the On the platform, the other end extends along the pulling-out direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism, and the height of the protective baffle is greater than or equal to the height of the hook.
  • the primary locking device includes a fixing part, an elastic part, a locking part and a first pressing part arranged in sequence, one end of the fixing part is arranged outside the high-voltage plug mechanism, and the other end is arranged along the vertical Extending in the insertion and extraction direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism and connected to one end of the elastic part; the elastic part, the locking part and the first pressing part are arranged along the insertion and extraction direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism, and the locking part is provided with the first Two locks.
  • the side of the first pressing portion facing away from the high-voltage plug mechanism is a first pressing surface, and the area of the first pressing surface is greater than or equal to 5 mm 2 .
  • the first pressing part receives a first pressing force to deform the elastic part and drive the locking part to move towards the high-voltage plug mechanism, and the first pressing force is less than or equal to 135N .
  • the primary locking device further includes an anti-loosening device
  • a card slot is provided on the outside of the high-voltage plug mechanism
  • the anti-loose device can be inserted and pulled out along the high-voltage plug mechanism in the card slot direction translation
  • the anti-off device includes sequentially connecting a hook, a blocking piece and a push-pull part, and the blocking piece can be translated between the first pressing part and the outside of the high-voltage plug mechanism, thereby blocking the locking part Move towards the direction close to the high-voltage plug mechanism.
  • the secondary locking device further includes a second pressing portion between the first buckle and the second locking hook, and is arranged on the second pressing portion close to the first locking hook.
  • the rotating part is arranged toward the high-voltage plug mechanism and is in contact with the outside of the high-voltage plug mechanism, and the second pressing part is subjected to a second pressing force, so that the secondary locking device Rotating around the contact position of the rotating part and the high-voltage plug mechanism, driving the first lock to move away from the high-voltage plug mechanism, and the second pressing force is less than or equal to 135N.
  • the side of the second pressing portion facing away from the high-voltage plug mechanism is a second pressing surface, and the area of the second pressing surface is greater than or equal to 5 mm 2 .
  • the second locking hook protrudes from the secondary locking device, and includes a second contact surface perpendicular to the insertion and extraction direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism and the insertion and extraction direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism.
  • An angled second guide surface is provided.
  • the outer surface of the high-voltage plug mechanism is further provided with a lock fixing part, and the lock fixing part is provided with a through hole along the insertion and extraction direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism, and the first lock passes through the The through hole and can slide in the through hole.
  • the width of the second pressing portion along the direction perpendicular to the insertion and removal direction of the high voltage plug mechanism is larger than the width of the through hole.
  • one of the high-voltage socket mechanism and the high-voltage plug mechanism has an interlock connector, and the other has a high-voltage interlock structure, and the high-voltage interlock structure and the interlock connector
  • the electrical connections form a loop.
  • one of the high-voltage socket mechanism and the high-voltage plug mechanism has at least one high-voltage plug-in terminal, and the other has at least one high-voltage plug-in terminal, and the high-voltage plug-in terminal is connected to the high-voltage plug-in terminal.
  • the high-voltage mating terminals are electrically connected to form a loop.
  • the shortest distance between the lock fixing part and the second pressing part is greater than the shortest distance between the high-voltage interlocking structure and the The mating overlapping length of the interlock connector is smaller than the mating overlapping length of the high-voltage plug-in terminal and the high-voltage mating terminal.
  • the time until the first lock is disengaged from the first lock hook is greater than or equal to 0.5s.
  • the number of plugging and unplugging between the high-voltage socket mechanism and the high-voltage plug mechanism is greater than or equal to 9 times.
  • the weight of the high-voltage plug mechanism is less than or equal to 305g.
  • the height of the high-voltage plug mechanism along the insertion and extraction direction is less than or equal to 208 mm.
  • the present invention also provides an electric energy transmission device, including the above-mentioned high-voltage connection device.
  • the present invention also provides a motor vehicle comprising the above-mentioned high-voltage connection device.
  • the high-voltage connection device of the present invention is equipped with an injection-molded shielding shell, which is simple to process and much lower in cost than the shielded metal shell. Through the plug-in cooperation of the shielding shell and the electrical connection with the cable shielding layer, it can effectively connect The electromagnetic interference shielding inside the high-voltage connection device reduces electromagnetic interference to other equipment.
  • the protective baffle is set on the high-voltage socket mechanism of the present invention, which can protect the first locking hook from being damaged by external force, thereby losing the ability to fix the secondary locking device, so that the high-voltage connecting device will be charged and detached, and in serious cases will cause Electric shock casualties.
  • the primary locking device of the present invention sets the size of the first pressing surface and the size of the first pressing force, which can facilitate the personnel's finger to press the locking device once, and can unlock the primary locking device effortlessly , easy to operate.
  • the secondary locking device of the present invention sets the size of the second pressing surface and the size of the second pressing force, so that it is convenient for personnel to press the secondary locking device with fingers, and the secondary locking device can be locked effortlessly.
  • the unit is unlocked for easy operation.
  • both the first lock hook and the second lock hook are provided with a contact surface and a guide surface, so that when the high-voltage socket mechanism and the high-voltage plug mechanism are plugged together, the first lock or the second lock can be connected to each other through the guide surface.
  • the second lock is lifted and locked with the contact surface, and can only be locked by pressing the pressing part, which is convenient for operation, safe and reliable.
  • the primary locking device of the present invention also includes an anti-off device to prevent the primary locking device from being unlocked due to misoperation or external force, causing a sudden power failure of the high-voltage connection device and affecting normal use.
  • the present invention can disconnect the high-voltage interlocking mechanism of the high-voltage connection device when the primary locking device is released, and the high-voltage terminals are not disconnected.
  • the secondary locking device When the control system has received the information that the high-voltage interlock mechanism is disconnected, the power supply will be cut off, and the high-voltage terminals will not be electrically separated, and no arc will be generated when the high-voltage terminals are separated.
  • the present invention can ensure that the control system can have enough time to cut off the high-voltage power supply by setting the unlocking interval between the primary locking device and the secondary locking device, so as to prevent the high-voltage connection device from being disconnected when the secondary locking device is unlocked. It is also connected to high-voltage electricity to avoid casualties.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the exploded assembly of the whole medium and high voltage connection device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of explosive assembly of the shell of the medium and high voltage connection device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the middle and high voltage socket mechanism of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the middle and high voltage plug mechanism of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the high-voltage plug mechanism in the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the secondary locking device in the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is another structural schematic diagram of the secondary locking device in the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the first lock hook and the second lock hook in the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the anti-off device in the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the medium and high voltage connection device of the present invention after assembly.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-voltage connection device assembled in place according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the high-voltage connection device assembled in place according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the primary lock opening of the medium and high voltage connection device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the primary lock opening of the medium and high voltage connection device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of opening the secondary lock of the medium and high voltage connection device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of opening the secondary lock of the high-voltage connection device of the present invention.
  • High voltage plug mechanism 21. Primary locking device; 211. Fixed part; 212. Elastic part; 213. Locking part; 214. Second lock; 215. First pressing part; 216. First pressing surface; 22 , lock fixing part; 221, through hole; 23, card slot; 24, female end cavity;
  • a high-voltage connection device comprising a high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and a high-voltage plug mechanism 2 that is mated and locked with the high-voltage socket mechanism 1.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 is provided with a first lock hook 11, and the outer periphery of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is provided with a primary lock.
  • one end of the secondary locking device 3 includes a first buckle 31, and can match and lock with the first lock hook 11, and the other end of the secondary locking device 3 includes a second
  • the locking hook 32, the primary locking device 21 includes the second locking hook 214, and is matched and locked with the second locking hook 32; by moving the locking device 21 once, the second locking buckle 214 is disengaged from the second locking hook 32, and the second locking hook 214 is separated from the second locking hook 32 by The secondary locking device 3 is moved to disengage the first lock 31 from the first hook 11 , so that the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is disengaged from the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 , as shown in FIGS. 1-5 .
  • the high-voltage connection device contains high-voltage terminals that are inserted into each other.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 are separated accidentally or artificially, the high-voltage terminals are charged at this time, and an arc will be generated when they are separated, causing damage to the high-voltage connection device and the high-voltage circuit. , may cause casualties in severe cases. If the high-voltage power supply is disconnected every time the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 is separated from the high-voltage socket mechanism 1, a lot of time and manual operations will be wasted.
  • the high-voltage interlock mechanism 8 of the high-voltage connection device can be disconnected when the primary locking device 21 is released, and the high-voltage terminal is not disconnected.
  • the control system cuts off the power supply after receiving the message that the high-voltage interlock mechanism 8 is disconnected, and the high-voltage terminals have no electrical separation, and the arc when the high-voltage terminals are separated will not be generated.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 includes a raised male end protrusion 14, the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 includes a female end cavity 24, and both the male end protrusion 14 and the female end cavity 24 include a cylindrical shielding shell 9. After the male-end protrusion 14 and the female-end cavity 24 are plugged and connected, the respective shielding shells 9 are in contact and electrically connected, as shown in FIG. 10 .
  • Part of the secondary locking mechanism of the current connection device is installed inside the casing of the connection device, thus destroying the sealing of the casing of the connection device, and electromagnetic interference will radiate from the position of the secondary locking mechanism, thereby interfering with other electrical appliances normal work.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 are equipped with an integral injection-molded shielding shell 9, which is simple to process and much lower in cost than the shielded metal shell. Through the plug-in cooperation of the shielding shell 9 and the electrical connection with the cable shielding net, It can effectively shield the electromagnetic interference inside the high-voltage connection device, reducing the electromagnetic interference to other equipment. Moreover, the primary locking device 21 and the secondary locking device 3 are arranged on the periphery of the shielding case 9, so as not to damage the overall sealing of the shielding case 9 and ensure the shielding effect.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 includes a platform 13 perpendicular to the insertion and extraction direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 , and the first locking hook 11 is disposed on the platform 13 , as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • a platform 13 is set on the high-voltage socket mechanism 1, and the first lock hook 11 can be set, so that the first lock catch 31 of the secondary locking device 3 can be locked and matched with the first lock hook 11 after the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is inserted. And make the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 not separated.
  • an installation mechanism can also be provided on the platform 13 to fix the high-voltage connection device in the installation environment, so that it can work firmly and stably.
  • the first locking hook 11 includes a column body 112 and a hook body 111.
  • One end of the column body 112 is arranged on the platform 13, and the other end extends along the pull-out direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 and is connected to the hook body.
  • body 111, the hook-shaped body 111 protrudes from the side of the cylinder 112, and includes a first contact surface 1112 perpendicular to the plugging direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 and a first guide surface 1111 at a certain angle to the plugging direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5.
  • the first lock 31 of the secondary locking device 3 is locked and matched with the first lock hook 11.
  • the first lock hook 11 One end of the cylindrical body 112 is connected to the platform 13, and the other end is connected to the hook-shaped body 111, and the cylindrical body 112 needs to have a certain degree of elasticity, so that when the first lock 31 approaches, it can be deformed at the same time so that the hook-shaped body 111 can enter the second In the lock ring of a buckle 31.
  • the hook 111 has a first contact surface 1112 perpendicular to the plugging direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, which can contact and cooperate with the lock ring of the first lock 31, thereby preventing the lock ring of the first lock 31 from the first contact surface 1112. up and out.
  • the hook 111 has a first guide surface 1111 at a certain angle to the plugging direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 , which can guide the locking ring of the first lock 31 to gradually deform so as to be sleeved on the hook 111 .
  • the first lock hook 11 is provided with a first contact surface 1112 and a first guide surface 1111, and when the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 are mated, the first lock can be made
  • the buckle 31 is lifted and locked with the first contact surface 1112, and can only be locked by pressing the first pressing part 215, which is convenient for operation, safe and reliable.
  • the first locking hook 11 also includes a protective baffle 12, the shape of the protective baffle 12 is cylindrical, plate-shaped, L-shaped, ring-shaped or U-shaped, and one end of the protective baffle 12 is arranged on the platform 13 The other end extends along the pulling-out direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 , and the height of the protective baffle 12 is greater than or equal to the height of the hook 111 .
  • first lock hook 11 If the first lock hook 11 is set up on the platform 13 alone and is located outside the male end protrusion 14, when it is knocked or squeezed, the column 112 of the first lock hook 11 is broken or the hook-shaped body 111 is stressed. damage, so that the purpose of locking and cooperating with the first lock 31 cannot be achieved. Since the locking of the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 requires the locking and cooperation of the first locking hook 11 and the first locking buckle 31 to ensure that if the first locking hook 11 is damaged, the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 It is very easy to be loosened by external force, resulting in the interruption of the high-voltage circuit and the failure to achieve electrical conduction. In addition, the disengagement of the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 will cause a high-voltage arc to be generated at the high-voltage terminal, which will cause damage to the high-voltage connection device and even cause casualties.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 is provided with a protective baffle 12, which can protect the first locking hook 11 from being damaged by external force, thereby losing the ability to fix the second locking device 3, so that the high-voltage connection device will be charged and detached, and in severe cases, it will cause electric shock casualties.
  • the shape of the protective baffle 12 is cylindrical, plate-shaped, L-shaped, ring-shaped or U-shaped, which can protect the first locking hook 11 in one direction or around it, and at the same time, there must be a certain gap with the first locking hook 11 to ensure that the first locking hook 31 can smoothly enter and lock fit with the first locking hook 11.
  • the primary locking device 21 includes a fixed part 211, an elastic part 212, a locking part 213 and a first pressing part 215 arranged in sequence.
  • One end of the fixed part 211 is arranged outside the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, and the other end is arranged along Extending in the plugging direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 and connected to one end of the elastic part 212; the elastic part 212, the locking part 213 and the first pressing part 215 are arranged along the plugging direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, and the locking part 213 is provided with a second lock 214, As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
  • the primary locking device 21 is injection molded together with the high voltage plug mechanism 2 , wherein one end of the fixing part 211 is integrated with the high voltage plug mechanism 2 , and the other end of the fixing part 211 extends radially and is connected with the elastic part 212 .
  • the fixing part 211 is connected to the elastic part 212 at 90°, that is, it is arranged along the insertion and extraction direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2.
  • the locking part 213 is provided with a second lock catch 214, which can be connected with the second lock hook 32 included in the secondary locking device 3. Lock connection, so as to achieve the purpose of secondary locking.
  • the fixed part 211 and the elastic part 212 have a certain elastic force, and can be deformed in the direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 when the first pressing part 215 is stressed, so that the second lock 214 is separated from the second lock hook 32, and the Return to the original position under the action of elastic force, and at the same time, when the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is inserted, the fixing part 211 and the elastic part 212 can be deformed under the relative action of the second lock 214 and the second lock hook 32, and the second lock 214 After the second locking hook 32 is in place, return to the original position, so that the second locking buckle 214 is locked with the second locking hook 32 .
  • the side of the first pressing portion 215 facing away from the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is the first pressing surface 216 , and the area of the first pressing surface 216 is greater than or equal to 5 mm 2 , as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the first pressing part 215 requires a first pressing surface 216 capable of bearing the force of a human finger.
  • the minimum area of the first pressing surface 216 is 5 mm 2 , such as a plane with a width of 2 mm and a length of 2.5 mm, which can press down the first pressing part 215 with fingers.
  • the area of the first pressing surface 216 should not be too large.
  • the area of the first pressing surface 216 can be reasonably designed according to the overall size of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 .
  • the inventor selected a high-voltage connection device of the same structure and size, with different sizes of the first pressing surface 216, a total of 13 sets of samples , for each group of 100 samples, the operator presses the first pressing surface 216 discontinuously and disengages the second lock 214 from the second hook 32, records the success rate of one operation of the operator, and records it in Table 1. In this embodiment, an operator whose operation success rate is less than 95% is unqualified.
  • the first pressing part 215 is subjected to a first pressing force to deform the elastic part 212 and drive the locking part 213 to move toward the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 , and the first pressing force is less than or equal to 135N.
  • the fixing part 211 and the elastic part 212 have a certain elastic force, and can be deformed in the direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 when the first pressing part 215 applies the first pressing force, so that the second lock 214 is separated from the second locking hook 32, and Return to its original position under its own elastic force.
  • the first pressing force is less than or equal to 135N. If the elastic force of the fixing part 211 and the elastic part 212 is too large, it is necessary to apply a large first pressing force to deform the fixing part 211 and the elastic part 212. When locking once, the operator needs to use a lot of force to disengage the second lock 214 from the second hook 32, which takes time and effort, and may cause certain damage to the operator's fingers.
  • the inventor selected a high-voltage connection device with the same structure and size, and different elastic forces of the fixing part 211 and the elastic part 212, a total of 13 sets of samples , for each group of 100 samples, the operator presses the first pressing part 215 non-continuously and disengages the second lock 214 from the second hook 32, records the success rate of one operation of the operator, and records it in Table 2. In this embodiment, an operator whose operation success rate is less than 95% is unqualified.
  • the primary locking device 21 also includes an anti-loosening device 4, and a locking groove 23 is provided on the outside of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, and the anti-loosening device 4 can translate in the locking groove 23 along the insertion and extraction direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 to prevent
  • the release device 4 includes a hook 41, a blocking piece 43 and a push-pull part 42 connected in sequence.
  • the blocking piece 43 can be translated between the first pressing part 215 and the outside of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, thereby blocking the locking part 213 from moving closer to the high-voltage plug mechanism 2. direction, as shown in Figure 9.
  • the primary locking device 21 limits the size of the area of the first pressing surface 216 and the size of the first pressing force, it can effectively control the disengagement of the second lock 214 from the second locking hook 32 due to misoperation, but for safety reasons, It is also necessary to provide an anti-disengagement device 4 to limit the second locking buckle 214 and the second locking hook 32 in a locked state under the working state of the high-voltage connection device, so as not to disengage due to misoperation.
  • the anti-off device 4 is provided with a hook 41, which includes a relatively arranged hook head and slide bars on both sides. One end of the slide bar is connected to the hook head, and the other end is connected to the push-pull part 42.
  • the slide bars on both sides can be connected to the high-voltage plug mechanism. 2 slides in the outside draw-in slot 23, and due to the limitation of the draw hook head and the draw-in slot 23, the anti-off device 4 will not break away from the draw-in slot 23 completely.
  • the push-pull part 42 has a protruding part, which allows the operator to easily push and pull the anti-off device 4 to the blocking position or the disengagement position. Between the push-pull part 42 and the hook 41, a blocking piece 43 is set.
  • the thickness of the blocking piece 43 is smaller than the distance between the first pressing part 215 and the housing of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2. After pushing the push-pull part 42, the blocking piece 43 enters the blocking position, that is, between the first pressing part 215 and the housing of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2. At this time, the first pressing part 215 is pressed. Due to the blocking of the blocking piece 43, the first pressing part 215 cannot push the high-voltage plug mechanism to the high-voltage plug mechanism. 2 directions, the second lock 214 cannot be disengaged from the second lock hook 32 .
  • the push-pull part 42 is first pulled to the disengagement position, that is, the blocking piece 43 is not between the first pressing part 215 and the housing of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, and the first pressing part 215 is pressed at this time, The first pressing part 215 can move toward the direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 , so that the second locking catch 214 is disengaged from the second locking hook 32 .
  • the high-voltage connection device is provided with an anti-off device 4 to prevent the primary locking device 21 from being unlocked due to misoperation or external force, causing a sudden power failure of the high-voltage connection device and affecting normal use.
  • the secondary locking device 3 further includes a second pressing portion 33 between the first locking buckle 31 and the second locking hook 32 , and is arranged on the second pressing portion 33 close to the first locking buckle 31
  • the rotating part 35 on one side protrudes from the second pressing part 33 , as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 .
  • the first buckle 31 of the secondary locking device 3 is locked and matched with the first locking hook 11 of the high-voltage socket mechanism 1, and the second locking hook 32 of the secondary locking device 3 is connected with the second locking hook 11 of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2.
  • the two locking buckles 214 are locked and matched. To release the locking between the second locking buckle 214 and the second locking hook 32 , it is necessary to open the anti-loosening device 4 and press the first pressing part 215 .
  • the rotating part 35 is arranged toward the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 and contacts the outside of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, and the second pressing part 33 receives the second pressing force, so that the secondary locking device 3 rotates around the rotating part 35 and the high-voltage
  • the contact position of the plug mechanism 2 rotates, driving the first lock 31 to move away from the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, and the second pressing force is less than or equal to 135N, as shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 .
  • the rotating part 35 is arranged on the side of the second pressing part 33, and faces the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, and is in contact with the outside of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2.
  • the outer contact of 2 is generally arc-shaped or triangular or straight-sided with chamfers, which can allow the rotating part 35 to rotate around the contact point.
  • the distance between the force point of the second pressing part 33 and the rotating part 35 should be less than or equal to the distance between the rotating part 35 and the first lock catch 31, so that the second pressing part 33 can move a smaller distance to make the first lock
  • the buckle 31 moves a relatively large distance, so that the first buckle 31 is disengaged from the first locking hook 11 .
  • the force applied by the operator to the second pressing portion 33 cannot be too large, which will cause difficulty in operation and a high error rate for the operator.
  • the inventor selected the secondary locking device 3 with the same structure and size, and the second pressing force of the second pressing part 33 was different. 13 groups of samples, each group of 100 samples, the operator respectively presses the second pressing part 33 discontinuously to disengage the first lock 31 from the first lock hook 11, record the success rate of one operation of the operator, and record it in the table 3 in. In this embodiment, an operator whose operation success rate is less than 95% is unqualified.
  • the side of the second pressing portion 33 facing away from the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is the second pressing surface 34 , and the area of the second pressing surface 34 is greater than or equal to 0.5 cm 2 .
  • the pressing part 33 needs a second pressing surface 34 capable of bearing the force of human fingers.
  • the minimum area of this second pressing surface 34 is 5mm 2 , for example, a plane with a width of 2mm and a length of 2.5mm, which can be used to press down the second pressing surface 34 with fingers. .
  • the area of the second pressing surface 34 should not be too large.
  • the area of the second pressing surface 34 can be reasonably designed according to the overall size of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 .
  • the inventor selected a high-voltage connection device with the same structure and size, and different sizes of the second pressing surface 34, a total of 13 sets of samples , for each group of 100 samples, the operator presses the second pressing surface 34 discontinuously to disengage the first lock 31 from the first hook 11, record the success rate of one operation by the operator, and record it in Table 4.
  • an operator whose operation success rate is less than 95% is unqualified.
  • the second locking hook 32 protrudes from the secondary locking device 3 and includes a second contact surface 322 perpendicular to the plugging and pulling direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 and a second contact surface 322 at a certain angle to the plugging and pulling direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 .
  • the second guiding surface 321 is shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 .
  • the second locking hook 32 of the secondary locking device 3 is locked and matched with the second locking buckle 214 of the primary locking device 21, and the second locking hook 32 has a second contact surface 322 perpendicular to the insertion and extraction direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 , can contact and cooperate with the locking ring of the second locking buckle 214 , thereby preventing the locking ring of the second locking buckle 214 from detaching from the second contact surface 322 .
  • the second locking hook 32 has a second guide surface 321 at a certain angle to the plugging direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 , and can guide the locking ring of the second locking buckle 214 to deform gradually so as to be sleeved on the second locking hook 32 .
  • the second lock hook 32 is provided with a second contact surface 322 and a second guide surface 321, and when the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 are plugged together, the second lock hook can be locked by the second guide surface 321.
  • the buckle 214 is lifted and locked with the second contact surface 322, and can only be locked by pressing the second pressing part 33, which is convenient for operation, safe and reliable.
  • the outer surface of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is also provided with a lock fixing part 22, and the lock fixing part 22 is provided with a through hole 221 along the insertion and extraction direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, and the first lock 31 passes through the through hole 221 and Can slide in the through hole 221, as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • a lock fixing part 22 is provided on the outer surface of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, and the lock fixing part 22 A through hole 221 is provided along the plugging direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2.
  • the cross-sectional size of the through hole 221 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the first lock 31.
  • the first lock 31 can pass through the through hole 221 and can slide in the through hole 221, thereby The relative movement between the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 and the secondary locking device 3 can be generated, which is convenient for primary locking.
  • the width of the second pressing portion 33 along the direction perpendicular to the insertion and removal direction of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is greater than the width of the through hole 221 .
  • the cross-sectional width of the second pressing part 33 of the secondary locking device 3 is greater than the width of the through hole 221, so that the second pressing part 33 can be stuck on one side of the through hole 221.
  • one of the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 has an interlock connector 7, and the other has a high-voltage interlock structure 8, and the high-voltage interlock structure 8 is electrically connected to the interlock connector 7 to form a circuit, as shown in Figure 10.
  • the high-voltage interlock mechanism is a safety design method that uses low-voltage signals to monitor the integrity of the high-voltage circuit.
  • the specific implementation form of the high-voltage interlock mechanism has different designs for different projects.
  • the high-voltage interlock mechanism monitors the accidental disconnection of the high-voltage circuit. Avoid damage to the car due to sudden loss of power.
  • the high-voltage interlock mechanism in this embodiment as shown in Figure 10, has an interlock connector 7 at one end, which is a U-shaped or V-shaped low-voltage circuit with two pairs of pins electrically connected to each other.
  • the interlock connector 7 and the high-voltage interlock structure 8 will also be disconnected at the same time, and the low-voltage monitoring circuit will alarm to the central control system, so as to control the car to disconnect the high-voltage circuit, and will not lose power suddenly causing damage.
  • one of the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 has at least one high-voltage plug-in terminal 5, and the other has at least one high-voltage paired plug-in terminal 6, and the high-voltage plug-in terminal 5 and the high-voltage paired The plug terminals 6 are electrically connected to form a loop, as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the high-voltage connection device is a part that connects different wire harnesses or electrical devices in the high-voltage circuit. It has the function of frequent plugging and unplugging.
  • the terminals of the cables will be connected to high-voltage terminals.
  • One end is a plug-in terminal at the female end, and the other end is a plug-in terminal at the male end.
  • one of the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is provided with a high-voltage plug-in terminal 5, and the other is provided with a high-voltage plug-in terminal 5.
  • the mating terminal 6, the high voltage plugging terminal 5 is electrically connected with the high voltage mating terminal 6 to form a loop.
  • the shortest distance between the lock fixing part 22 and the second pressing part 33 is greater than the overlapping overlap between the high-voltage interlock structure 8 and the interlock connector 7
  • the length is less than the overlapping length of the high-voltage plug-in terminal 5 and the high-voltage counter-plug terminal 6.
  • FIG 11 and Figure 12 it is a schematic diagram and a cross-sectional view of the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 after they are inserted in place.
  • the first lock 31 is locked and matched with the first lock hook 11, and the second lock 214 and the second locking hook 32 are also locked and matched, the high-voltage interlocking structure 8 and the interlock connector 7 are inserted in place, and the high-voltage plug-in terminal 5 and the high-voltage plug-in terminal 6 are also plugged in place.
  • the high-voltage plug-in terminal 5 Connect the high-voltage current to the high-voltage mating terminal 6, and the high-voltage connection device is working normally.
  • FIG 13 and Figure 14 it is a schematic diagram and a cross-sectional view of the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 being locked and opened at one time. disengaged, and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 moves toward the pull-out direction, because the first lock 31 is locked and fitted with the first hook 11, so the secondary locking device 3 does not follow the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 to move, but in the through hole 221 Slide inward until the second pressing part 33 of the secondary locking device 3 is stuck on one side of the through hole 221. At this time, the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 cannot move in the direction of pulling out due to the restriction of the secondary locking device 3. Also realized secondary locking.
  • the inventors set this distance to be greater than the high-voltage interlock structure 8 and the interlock
  • the overlapping length B of the connector 7 is less than the overlapping length C of the high-voltage plug-in terminal 5 and the high-voltage mating terminal 6.
  • the low-voltage monitoring circuit will give an alarm to the central control system, thereby controlling the car to disconnect the high-voltage circuit, that is, to disconnect the conduction between the high-voltage plug terminal 5 and the high-voltage mating terminal 6 of high voltage current.
  • FIG 15 and Figure 16 it is a schematic diagram and a cross-sectional view of the secondary locking and opening of the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2.
  • the first lock 31 is separated from the first locking hook 11, and the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and If there is no locking mechanism between the high-voltage plug mechanism 2, the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 can be completely separated.
  • the control system cuts off the power supply after receiving the information that the high-voltage interlock mechanism is disconnected, and the high-voltage terminals are not electrically separated, and no arc will be generated when the high-voltage terminals are separated.
  • the time until the first lock 31 is disengaged from the first lock hook 11 is greater than or equal to 0.5s.
  • the low-voltage monitoring circuit When the high-voltage interlock mechanism of the high-voltage connection device is disconnected, the low-voltage monitoring circuit will give an alarm to the central control system, thereby controlling the car to disconnect the high-voltage circuit.
  • the time in between is generally less than 0.1s, but for safety reasons, the inventor It is designed that after the second lock 214 is disengaged from the second lock hook 32, the time until the first lock 31 and the first lock hook 11 are disengaged is greater than or equal to 0.5s, so as to ensure that the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 When disconnecting, there is no electrical separation of the high-voltage terminals, and no arc will be generated when the high-voltage terminals are separated.
  • the method of realization is that after the second lock catch 214 is disengaged from the second lock hook 32, the operator needs to move his finger from the first pressing part 215 to the second pressing part 33, and then apply force to press to make the first lock
  • the buckle 31 is separated from the first locking hook 11, and then the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is moved in the direction of pulling out.
  • the time of these actions will be greater than or equal to 0.5s through the motion analysis method and a large number of experimental tests to ensure that the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the safety of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 when disengaged.
  • the number of plugging and unplugging between the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is greater than or equal to 9 times.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 When assembling the high-voltage connection device, it is necessary to assemble the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 together. In subsequent maintenance and component disassembly, it may be necessary to separate the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 before plugging in and out. Therefore The number of plugging and unplugging between the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 cannot be less than 9 times. If it is less than 9 times, the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 may be damaged during a certain disassembly and maintenance process, and cannot function together.
  • the weight of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is less than or equal to 305g.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 is fixed in the use environment, and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is located above the high-voltage connection device, and is plugged and fixed with the high-voltage socket mechanism 1.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 When the weight of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is too large, the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 The gravitational force received is also relatively large.
  • the electrical device vibrates, it will cause the entire high-voltage connection device to vibrate. Due to inertia, the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 will be subject to large vibrations and make abnormal noises. During the use of the device, abnormal noise is not allowed.
  • the inventor used the same high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and samples of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 with different weights, assembled them on the vibration test bench, and carried out Vibration test, observe whether the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 makes abnormal noise during the vibration test, and the test results are shown in Table 5.
  • Weight (g) 265 275 285 295 305 315 325 335 345 Is it abnormal no no no no no yes yes yes yes
  • the height of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 along the insertion and extraction direction is less than or equal to 208 mm.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 After the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 are assembled together, they need to be installed in the electricity environment, but in general, the space reserved for the electricity environment is small. If the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 is high, it cannot Installed in the middle of the electricity consumption environment, the second is that it is also a waste of raw materials, so the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 needs to be lower than a certain height during design.
  • the inventor used the same high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and samples of the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 with different heights along the plug-in direction. After assembly Install it on the electrical device, and observe whether the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 interferes with other components of the electrical environment during the installation process. The test results are shown in Table 6.
  • the present invention also provides an electric energy transmission device, including the above-mentioned high-voltage connection device.
  • the present invention also provides a motor vehicle comprising the above-mentioned high-voltage connection device.
  • the high-voltage connection device of the present invention is provided with an injection-molded shielding shell 9, which is simple to process and much lower in cost than a shielded metal shell. Through the plug-in cooperation of the shielding shell 9 and the electrical connection with the cable shielding layer, the The electromagnetic interference shielding inside the high-voltage connection device reduces electromagnetic interference to other equipment.
  • the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 of the present invention is provided with a protective baffle 12, which can protect the first locking hook 11 from being damaged by external force, thereby losing the ability to fix the secondary locking device 3, so that the high-voltage connecting device will be charged and detached. Can cause electric shock injury.
  • the primary locking device 21 of the present invention sets the size of the first pressing surface 216 and the size of the first pressing force, which can facilitate the personnel's fingers to press the primary locking device 21 once, and can easily press the primary locking device 21 Unlock for easy operation.
  • the secondary locking device 3 of the present invention sets the size of the second pressing surface 34 and the size of the second pressing force, which can facilitate personnel's fingers to press the secondary locking device 3, and the secondary locking device can be locked effortlessly.
  • the stop device 3 is unlocked for easy operation.
  • the first locking hook 11 and the second locking hook 32 are provided with a contact surface and a guide surface, and when the high-voltage socket mechanism 1 and the high-voltage plug mechanism 2 are mated, the first locking hook can be made to 11 or the second locking hook 32 is lifted and locked with the contact surface, and can only be locked by pressing the pressing part, which is convenient for operation, safe and reliable.
  • the primary locking device 21 of the present invention also includes an anti-off device 4 to prevent the primary locking device 21 from being unlocked due to misoperation or external force, causing a sudden power failure of the high-voltage connection device and affecting normal use.
  • the control system cuts off the power supply after receiving the information that the high-voltage interlock mechanism is disconnected, and the high-voltage terminals are not electrically separated, and no arc will be generated when the high-voltage terminals are separated.
  • the present invention can ensure that the control system can have enough time to cut off the high-voltage power supply by setting the interval time between the unlocking of the primary locking device 21 and the secondary locking device 3, so as to prevent the high-voltage connection when the secondary locking device 3 is unlocked.
  • the device is also connected to high-voltage electricity to avoid casualties.

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Abstract

一种高压连接装置、电能传输装置及机动车辆,包括高压插座机构和与高压插座机构对插并锁扣连接的高压插头机构,高压插座机构上设置第一锁钩,高压插头机构的外周设置一次锁止装置和二次锁止装置,二次锁止装置一端包含第一锁扣,并能与第一锁钩匹配锁紧,二次锁止装置另一端包含第二锁钩,一次锁止装置包含第二锁扣,并与第二锁钩匹配锁紧;通过移动一次锁止装置,使第二锁扣与第二锁钩脱离,通过移动二次锁止装置,使第一锁扣和第一锁钩脱离,从而使高压插头机构与高压插座机构脱离。本发明设置的屏蔽壳体,加工简单,成本低,有效的屏蔽电磁干扰。并且锁止装置不会破坏屏蔽壳体的整体密封性,保证屏蔽效果。设置二次锁止装置,不会产生高压端子分离时的电弧。

Description

一种高压连接装置、电能传输装置及机动车辆
本发明要求2021年11月4日递交的申请号为202111298711.8、发明名称为“一种高压连接装置、电能传输装置及机动车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及电气技术领域,尤其涉及一种高压连接装置、电能传输装置及机动车辆。
背景技术
在电气技术领域,高压线缆和数据通信线缆用于电流和信号的导通。为了降低线缆本身或外界的电磁干扰的影响,高压线缆和数据通信线缆通常采用屏蔽线缆。在线缆两端,屏蔽线缆的屏蔽层会连接屏蔽装置并接地。为了便于与对接的线缆或者用电设备连接,线缆的端部通常与连接装置进行连接。连接装置一般没有屏蔽装置进行屏蔽,导致在连接装置位置会有很大的电磁干扰。目前的解决方法是在连接装置内部或者外部设置金属罩,可以起到屏蔽效果。但是,金属罩加工困难,成本较高;金属罩与连接装置的装配也比较费事,增加装配工时;并且金属罩在连接装置内部时,容易与导芯发生短路,造成屏蔽层损坏甚至线缆被烧毁,发生严重的事故。
解决上述的方法可以采用导电塑料材质加工连接装置的外壳,既可以一次成型,也减少金属罩的加工和安装,降低加工工时,提高生产效率,但是目前的连接装置的二次锁止机构,部分都是安装在连接装置外壳的内部,从而破坏了连接装置外壳的封闭性,电磁干扰会从二次锁止机构的位置辐射出去,从而干扰其他电器的正常工作。
因此,电器技术领域急需一种结构简单,不破坏屏蔽外壳屏蔽效果,并具有二次锁止功能的高压连接装置及电能传输装置。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种高压连接装置,高压插座机构和高压插头机构设置一体注塑成型的屏蔽壳体,加工简单,成本较屏蔽金属壳低很多,通过屏蔽壳体的插接配合,以及和线缆屏蔽网的电连接,可以有效的将高压连接装置内部的电磁干扰屏蔽,减少了对 其他设备电磁干扰。并且一次锁止装置和二次锁止装置设置在屏蔽壳体的外围,不会破坏屏蔽壳体的整体密封性,保证屏蔽效果。通过设置一次锁止装置和二次锁止装置,可以在解除一次锁止装置时将高压连接装置的高压互锁机构断开,高压端子并不断开,当解除二次锁止装置时,控制系统已经接收到高压互锁机构断开的信息后切断电源,高压端子无电分离,不会产生高压端子分离时的电弧。
本发明的上述目的可采用下列技术方案来实现:
本发明提供一种高压连接装置,包括高压插座机构和与所述高压插座机构对插并锁扣连接的高压插头机构,所述高压插座机构上设置第一锁钩,所述高压插头机构的外周设置一次锁止装置和二次锁止装置,所述二次锁止装置一端包含第一锁扣,并能与所述第一锁钩匹配锁紧,所述二次锁止装置另一端包含第二锁钩,所述一次锁止装置包含第二锁扣,并与所述第二锁钩匹配锁紧;通过移动所述一次锁止装置,使所述第二锁扣与所述第二锁钩脱离,通过移动所述二次锁止装置,使所述第一锁扣和所述第一锁钩脱离,从而使所述高压插头机构与所述高压插座机构脱离。
在优选的实施方式中,所述高压插座机构包含凸起的公端凸起,所述高压插头机构包含母端腔体,所述公端凸起和所述母端腔体都包含屏蔽壳体,所述公端凸起和所述母端腔体对插连接后,各自的屏蔽壳体接触并电连接。
在优选的实施方式中,所述高压插座机构包含垂直于所述高压插头机构插拔方向的平台,所述第一锁钩设置在所述平台上。
在优选的实施方式中,所述第一锁钩包括柱体和钩状体,所述柱体一端设置在所述平台上,另一端沿所述高压插头机构拔出方向延伸并连接所述钩状体,所述钩状体凸出所述柱体侧面,并包含垂直于所述高压插头机构插拔方向的第一接触面和与所述高压插头机构插拔方向呈一定角度的第一导向面。
在优选的实施方式中,所述第一锁钩还包括保护挡板,所述保护挡板形状为筒形、板形、L形、环形或U型,所述保护挡板一端设置在所述平台上,另一端沿所述高压插头机构拔出方向延伸,所述保护挡板的高度大于等于所述钩状体的高度。
在优选的实施方式中,所述一次锁止装置包括依次设置的固定部、弹力部、锁定部和第一按压部,所述固定部一端设置在所述高压插头机构的外侧,另一端沿垂直于所述高压插头机构插拔方向延伸并与所述弹力部一端连接;所述弹力部、锁定部和第一按压部沿所述高压插头机构插拔方向设置,所述锁定部设置所述第二锁扣。
在优选的实施方式中,所述第一按压部背向所述高压插头机构的一面为第一按压面,所述第一按压面的面积大于等于5mm 2。在优选的实施方式中,所述第一按压部受到第一按压力,使所述弹力部变形,带动所述锁定部向靠近所述高压插头机构方向移动,所述第一按压力小于等于135N。在优选的实施方式中,所述一次锁止装置还包括防脱装置,所述高压插头机构的外侧设置卡槽,所述防脱装置能够在所述卡槽内沿所述高压插头机构插拔方向平移,所述防脱装置包含依次连接卡勾、阻挡片和推拉部,所述阻挡片能够平移到所述第一按压部和所述高压插头机构的外侧之间,从而阻挡所述锁定部向靠近所述高压插头机构方向移动。
在优选的实施方式中,所述二次锁止装置在所述第一锁扣和第二锁钩之间,还包括第二按压部,以及设置在所述第二按压部上靠近所述第一锁扣一侧的旋转部,所述旋转部突出于所述第二按压部。在优选的实施方式中,所述旋转部朝向所述高压插头机构设置,并与所述高压插头机构的外侧接触,所述第二按压部受到第二按压力,使所述二次锁止装置绕所述旋转部和所述高压插头机构接触位置旋转,带动所述第一锁扣向远离所述高压插头机构方向移动,所述第二按压力小于等于135N。在优选的实施方式中,所述第二按压部背向所述高压插头机构的一面为第二按压面,所述第二按压面的面积大于等于5mm 2
在优选的实施方式中,所述第二锁钩凸出所述二次锁止装置,并包含垂直于所述高压插头机构插拔方向的第二接触面和与所述高压插头机构插拔方向呈一定角度的第二导向面。
在优选的实施方式中,所述高压插头机构的外侧面还设置锁扣固定部,所述锁扣固定部沿所述高压插头机构插拔方向设置通孔,所述第一锁扣穿过所述通孔并能在所述通孔内滑动。在优选的实施方式中,所述第二按压部沿垂直于所述高压插头机构插拔方向的宽度,大于所述通孔的宽度。
在优选的实施方式中,所述高压插座机构和所述高压插头机构其中一者具有互锁连接器,则另一者具有高压互锁结构,所述高压互锁结构与所述互锁连接器电连接形成回路。在优选的实施方式中,所述高压插座机构和所述高压插头机构其中一者具有至少一个高压插接端子,则另一者具有至少一个高压对插端子,所述高压插接端子与所述高压对插端子电连接形成回路。
在优选的实施方式中,所述高压插座机构和所述高压插头机构对插到位后,所述锁扣固定部与所述第二按压部的最短距离,大于所述高压互锁结构与所述互锁连接器对插重叠的长度,小于所述高压插接端子与所述高压对插端子对插重叠的长度。
在优选的实施方式中,所述第二锁扣与所述第二锁钩脱离后,到所述第一锁扣和所述第一锁钩脱离的时间大于等于0.5s。在优选的实施方式中,所述高压插座机构和所述高压插头机构之间的插拔次数大于等于9次。在优选的实施方式中,所述高压插头机构的重量小于等于305g。在优选的实施方式中,所述高压插头机构沿插拔方向的高度小于等于208mm。
本发明还提供一种电能传输装置,包含上述的高压连接装置。
本发明还提供一种机动车辆,包含上述的高压连接装置。
本发明的特点及优点是:
1、本发明的高压连接装置设置注塑成型的屏蔽壳体,加工简单,成本较屏蔽金属壳低很多,通过屏蔽壳体的插接配合,以及和线缆屏蔽层的电连接,可以有效的将高压连接装置内部的电磁干扰屏蔽,减少了对其他设备电磁干扰。
2、本发明的高压插座机构上设置保护挡板,能够保护第一锁钩不会被外力造成损坏,从而丧失固定二次锁止装置的能力,使高压连接装置会带电脱离,严重时会造成电击伤亡。
3、本发明的一次锁止装置设定了第一按压面的大小,以及第一按压力的大小,能够方便人员的手指按压一次锁止装置,并且能够不费力的将一次锁止装置解除锁定,方便操作。
4、本发明的二次锁止装置设定了第二按压面的大小,以及第二按压力的大小,能够方便人员的手指按压二次锁止装置,并且能够不费力的将二次锁止装置解除锁定,方便操作。
5、本发明的高压连接装置,第一锁钩和第二锁钩都设置了接触面和导向面,可以在高压插座机构和高压插头机构对插时,通过导向面使第一锁扣或第二锁扣抬起并与接触面锁定,只能通过按压部的按压接触锁定,方便操作,安全可靠。
6、本发明的一次锁止装置还包括防脱装置,防止一次锁止装置由于误操作或外力作用解除锁定,造成高压连接装置突然断电,影响正常使用。
7、本发明通过设置一次锁止装置和二次锁止装置,可以在解除一次锁止装置时将高压连接装置的高压互锁机构断开,高压端子并不断开,当解除二次锁止装置时,控制系 统已经接收到高压互锁机构断开的信息后切断电源,高压端子无电分离,不会产生高压端子分离时的电弧。
8、本发明通过设定一次锁止装置和二次锁止装置解除锁定的间隔时间,能够保证控制系统能有足够的时间将高压电源切断,防止二次锁止装置解除锁定时,高压连接装置还连通高压电的情况,避免人员造成伤亡。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用发明中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明中高压连接装置整体的爆炸装配示意图。
图2为本发明中高压连接装置外壳的爆炸装配示意图。
图3为本发明中高压插座机构结构示意图。
图4为本发明中高压插头机构结构示意图。
图5为本发明中高压插头机构的剖面结构示意图。
图6为本发明中二次锁止装置的结构示意图。
图7为本发明中二次锁止装置的另一种结构示意图。
图8为本发明中第一锁钩和第二锁钩的结构示意图。
图9为本发明中防脱装置的结构示意图。
图10为本发明中高压连接装置装配后的剖面结构示意图。
图11为本发明中高压连接装置装配到位的结构示意图。
图12为本发明中高压连接装置装配到位的剖面示意图。
图13为本发明中高压连接装置一次锁打开的结构示意图。
图14为本发明中高压连接装置一次锁打开的剖面示意图。
图15为本发明中高压连接装置二次锁打开的结构示意图。
图16为本发明中高压连接装置二次锁打开的剖面示意图。
其中:
1、高压插座机构;11、第一锁钩;12、保护挡板;13、平台;14、公端凸起;111、钩状体;112、柱体;1111、第一导向面;1112、第一接触面;
2、高压插头机构;21、一次锁止装置;211、固定部;212、弹力部;213、锁定部;214、第二锁扣;215、第一按压部;216、第一按压面;22、锁扣固定部;221、通孔;23、卡槽;24、母端腔体;
3、二次锁止装置;31、第一锁扣;32、第二锁钩;321、第二导向面;322、第二接触面;33、第二按压部;34、第二按压面;35、旋转部;4、防脱装置;41、卡勾;42、推拉部;43、阻挡片;5、高压插接端子;6、高压对插端子;7、互锁连接器;8、高压互锁结构;9、屏蔽壳体。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种高压连接装置,包括高压插座机构1和与高压插座机构1对插并锁扣连接的高压插头机构2,高压插座机构1上设置第一锁钩11,高压插头机构2的外周设置一次锁止装置21和二次锁止装置3,二次锁止装置3一端包含第一锁扣31,并能与所述第一锁钩11匹配锁紧,二次锁止装置3另一端包含第二锁钩32,一次锁止装置21包含第二锁扣214,并与第二锁钩32匹配锁紧;通过移动一次锁止装置21,使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,通过移动二次锁止装置3,使第一锁扣31和所述第一锁钩11脱离,从而使所述高压插头机构2与所述高压插座机构1脱离,如图1-图5所示。高压连接装置中含有相互对插的高压端子,当高压插座机构1与高压插座机构1意外脱离或人为脱离,此时高压端子带电,会在脱离时产生电弧,造成高压连接装置和高压电路的损坏,严重时可能会造成人员伤亡。如果每次高压插座机构1与高压插座机构1脱离时都将高压电源断开,则会浪费大量时间和人为操作。
本发明通过设置一次锁止装置21和二次锁止装置3,可以在解除一次锁止装置21时将高压连接装置的高压互锁机构8断开,高压端子并不断开,当解除二次锁止装置3时,控制系统已经接收到高压互锁机构8断开的信息后切断电源,高压端子无电分离,不会产生高压端子分离时的电弧。
在一实施方式中,高压插座机构1包含凸起的公端凸起14,高压插头机构2包含母端腔体24,公端凸起14和母端腔体24都包含筒状的屏蔽壳体9,公端凸起14和母端腔体24对插连接后,各自的屏蔽壳体9接触并电连接,如图10所示。
目前的连接装置的二次锁止机构,部分都是安装在连接装置外壳的内部,从而破坏了连接装置外壳的封闭性,电磁干扰会从二次锁止机构的位置辐射出去,从而干扰其他电器的正常工作。
高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2设置一体注塑成型的屏蔽壳体9,加工简单,成本较屏蔽金属壳低很多,通过屏蔽壳体9的插接配合,以及和线缆屏蔽网的电连接,可以有效的将高压连接装置内部的电磁干扰屏蔽,减少了对其他设备电磁干扰。并且一次锁止装置21和二次锁止装置3设置在屏蔽壳体9的外围,不会破坏屏蔽壳体9的整体密封性,保证屏蔽效果。
在一实施方式中,高压插座机构1包含垂直于所述高压插头机构2插拔方向的平台13,第一锁钩11设置在平台13上,如图3所示。
高压插座机构1上设置平台13,既可以设置第一锁钩11,使二次锁止装置3的第一锁扣31在高压插头机构2插入后,能够与第一锁钩11锁紧配合,并使高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2不会分离。另外,在平台13也可以设置安装机构,能够将高压连接装置固定在安装环境中,使其能够牢固、稳定的作业。
在一实施方式中,第一锁钩11包括柱体112和钩状体111,柱体112一端设置在所述平台13上,另一端沿高压插头机构2拔出方向延伸并连接所述钩状体111,钩状体111凸出柱体112侧面,并包含垂直于高压插头机构2插拔方向的第一接触面1112和与高压插头机构2插拔方向呈一定角度的第一导向面1111,如图2和图5所示。二次锁止装置3的第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11锁紧配合,需要环状的第一锁扣31与钩状的第一锁钩11进行锁扣连接,第一锁钩11的柱体112一端与平台13连接,另一端与钩状体111连接,并且柱体112需要具备一定的弹性,可以使第一锁扣31靠近时,同时变形使钩状体111能够进入到第一锁扣31的锁环中。钩状体111具有垂直于高压插头机构2插拔方向的第一接触面1112,可以与第一锁扣31的锁环接触配合,从而阻止第一锁扣31的锁环从第一接触面1112上脱离。钩状体111具有与高压插头机构2插拔方向呈一定角度的第一导向面1111,能够导向第一锁扣31的锁环逐步变形,从而套接在钩状体111上。
如图8所示,第一锁钩11设置了第一接触面1112和第一导向面1111,可以在高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2对插时,通过第一导向面1111使第一锁扣31抬起并与第一接触面1112锁定,只能通过第一按压部215的按压接触锁定,方便操作,安全可靠。
第一接触面1112到平台13的距离,要大于第一锁扣31的锁环的宽度,能使第一锁扣31的锁环进入到第一接触面1112和平台13之间的位置,并与柱体112的侧边接触。在一实施方式中,第一锁钩11还包括保护挡板12,保护挡板12形状为筒形、板形、L形、环形或U型,保护挡板12一端设置在所述平台13上另一端沿所述高压插头机构2拔出方向延伸,保护挡板12的高度大于等于所述钩状体111的高度。
第一锁钩11如果单独设立在平台13上,并且位于公端凸起14之外,则会受到磕碰或挤压时,第一锁钩11的柱体112受力折断或者钩状体111受到损伤,从而无法达到与第一锁扣31锁紧配合的目的。由于高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2的锁紧都需要第一锁钩11和第一锁扣31锁紧配合来保证,如果第一锁钩11遭到破坏,高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2极易受到外力松脱,导致高压回路中断,无法实现电气导通的作用。另外高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2的脱离会造成高压端子产生高压电弧,会造成高压连接装置损坏甚至造成人员伤亡。
高压插座机构1上设置保护挡板12,能够保护第一锁钩11不会被外力造成损坏,从而丧失固定第二锁止装置3的能力,使高压连接装置会带电脱离,严重时会造成电击伤亡。
保护挡板12形状为筒形、板形、L形、环形或U型,可以单方向或者环绕保护第一锁钩11,同时要与第一锁钩11有一定的间隙,保证第一锁扣31能够顺利的进入并且与第一锁钩11锁紧配合。
在一实施方式中,一次锁止装置21包括依次设置的固定部211、弹力部212、锁定部213和第一按压部215,固定部211一端设置在高压插头机构2的外侧,另一端沿垂直于高压插头机构2插拔方向延伸并与弹力部212一端连接;弹力部212、锁定部213和第一按压部215沿高压插头机构2插拔方向设置,锁定部213设置第二锁扣214,如图4和图5所示。
一次锁止装置21是与高压插头机构2一次注塑成型的,其中,固定部211一端与高压插头机构2为一体,固定部211另一端径向延伸,并与弹力部212连接。固定部211与弹力部212呈90°连接,也就是沿高压插头机构2插拔方向设置,锁定部213上设置第二锁扣214,能够与二次锁止装置3包含的第二锁钩32锁紧连接,从而实现二次锁紧的 目的。固定部211与弹力部212具有一定的弹力,可以在第一按压部215受力的情况下向高压插头机构2方向变形,使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,并且在自身的弹力作用下返回原位,同时也能在高压插头机构2插入时,在第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32相对作用下使固定部211与弹力部212变形,并在第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32到位后返回原位,使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32锁紧。
在一实施方式中,第一按压部215背向高压插头机构2的一面为第一按压面216,第一按压面216的面积大于等于5mm2,如图5所示。
当高压连接装置需要解除一次锁止时,需要手动按压第一按压部215,使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,并且拉动高压插头机构2向拔出方向移动,因此第一按压部215需要一个第一按压面216能够承受人手指的力量,这个第一按压面216最小面积为5mm 2,例如2mm宽,2.5mm长的一个平面,能够用手指压下第一按压部215。第一按压面216的面积不能过大,过大容易在使用过程中受到磕碰或按压,使第一按压部215受到按压,导致第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,造成电路系统非预期中断。可以按照高压插头机构2整体尺寸,合理设计第一按压面216的面积大小。
为了验证第一按压面216的面积大小对操作人员按压第一按压部215的影响,发明人选用相同结构和大小的高压连接装置,不同的第一按压面216的面积大小,共13组样件,每组100件样件,操作人员非连续分别按压第一按压面216并使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,记录操作人员一次操作成功率,并记录在表1中。在本实施例中,操作人员一次操作成功率小于95%为不合格。
表1:第一按压面216的面积大小对操作人员按压第一按压部215的影响
Figure PCTCN2022129576-appb-000001
从上表1可以看出,当操作人员非连续的按压第一按压面216并使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,排除了人员疲劳度的影响,在按压不同第一按压面216的面积大小的一次锁止装置21时,当第一按压面216的面积大于5mm 2的时候,都是可以操作成功,当第一按压面216的面积等于5mm 2的时候,操作人员有3次失误,为97%,但是在合格值范围内,当第一按压面216的面积小于5mm 2的时候,此时由于第一按压面216的面积太小,操作人员的手指施力有困难,导致一次操作成功率降低,小于合格值范围。因此,发明人设定第一按压面216的面积大于等于5mm 2
在一实施方式中,第一按压部215受到第一按压力,使弹力部212变形,带动锁定部213向靠近高压插头机构2方向移动,第一按压力小于等于135N。
固定部211与弹力部212具有一定的弹力,可以在第一按压部215施加第一按压力的情况下向高压插头机构2方向变形,使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,并且在自身的弹力作用下返回原位。第一按压力小于等于135N,如果固定部211与弹力部212具有的弹力过大,导致需要施加很大的第一按压力才能使固定部211与弹力部212变形,则当高压连接装置需要解除一次锁止时,操作人员需要使用很大的力量才能使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,费时费力,而且可能会对操作人员的手指造成一定的损伤。
为了验证第一按压力的大小对操作人员按压第一按压部215的影响,发明人选用相同结构和大小的高压连接装置,不同的固定部211与弹力部212的弹力大小,共13组样件,每组100件样件,操作人员非连续分别按压第一按压部215并使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,记录操作人员一次操作成功率,并记录在表2中。在本实施例中,操作人员一次操作成功率小于95%为不合格。
表2:第一按压力的大小对操作人员按压第一按压部215的影响
Figure PCTCN2022129576-appb-000002
从上表2可以看出,当操作人员非连续的按压第一按压部215并使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,排除了人员疲劳度的影响,在按压不同弹力的一次锁止装置21时,当第一按压力小于130N的时候,都是可以操作成功,当第一按压力为135N的时候,操作人员有4次失误,为96%,但是是在合格值范围内,当第一按压力超过135N的时候,此时由于第一按压力太大,操作人员的手指施力有困难,导致一次操作成功率降低,小于合格值范围。因此,发明人设定第一按压力小于等于135N。
在一实施方式中,一次锁止装置21还包括防脱装置4,高压插头机构2的外侧设置卡槽23,防脱装置4能够在卡槽23内沿高压插头机构2插拔方向平移,防脱装置4包含依次连接卡勾41、阻挡片43和推拉部42,阻挡片43能够平移到第一按压部215和高压插头机构2的外侧之间,从而阻挡锁定部213向靠近高压插头机构2方向移动,如图9所示。
虽然一次锁止装置21限定了第一按压面216的面积大小和第一按压力的大小,有效的控制由于误操作导致的第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,但是为了安全起见,还需要 设置防脱装置4,在高压连接装置工作状态下,将第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32限定在锁紧状态下,不至于由于误操作而脱离。
防脱装置4设置卡勾41,包括相对设置的卡勾头和两侧的滑杆,滑杆一端与卡勾头连接,另一端与推拉部42连接,两侧的滑杆可以在高压插头机构2的外侧的卡槽23内滑动,由于卡勾头与卡槽23的限制,防脱装置4不会完全脱离卡槽23。推拉部42有凸出部,可以让操作人员轻松的将防脱装置4推拉到阻挡位置或脱离位置。在推拉部42和卡勾41之间,设置阻挡片43,阻挡片43的厚度,小于第一按压部215到高压插头机构2的壳体之间的距离,在推动推拉部42后,阻挡片43进入到阻挡位置,也就是第一按压部215和高压插头机构2的壳体之间,此时按压第一按压部215,由于阻挡片43的阻挡,第一按压部215无法向高压插头机构2方向移动,也就无法使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离。当需要将高压连接装置打开时,首先将推拉部42拉动到脱离位置,也就是阻挡片43不在第一按压部215和高压插头机构2的壳体之间,此时按压第一按压部215,第一按压部215可以向高压插头机构2方向移动,从而使第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离。
高压连接装置设置了防脱装置4,防止一次锁止装置21由于误操作或外力作用解除锁定,造成高压连接装置突然断电,影响正常使用。
在一实施方式中,二次锁止装置3在第一锁扣31和第二锁钩32之间,还包括第二按压部33,以及设置在第二按压部33上靠近第一锁扣31一侧的旋转部35,旋转部35突出于第二按压部33,如图6和图7所示。
二次锁止装置3的第一锁扣31,是与高压插座机构1的和第一锁钩11锁紧配合,二次锁止装置3的第二锁钩32,是与高压插头机构2第二锁扣214锁紧配合。解除第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32的锁紧,需要将防脱装置4打开,将第一按压部215按压。解除第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11,则需要按压二次锁止装置3的第二按压部33,通过设置在第一锁扣31侧边的旋转部35作为支点,支撑在高压插头机构2的侧壁上,通过按压第二按压部33,由于杠杆原理,使处于旋转部35另一侧的第一锁扣31向远离高压插头机构2的方向移动,从而从第一锁钩11中脱离,使高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2能够分离。
在一实施方式中,旋转部35朝向高压插头机构2设置,并与高压插头机构2的外侧接触,第二按压部33受到第二按压力,使二次锁止装置3绕旋转部35和高压插头机构 2接触位置旋转,带动第一锁扣31向远离高压插头机构2方向移动,第二按压力小于等于135N,如图6和图7所示。
旋转部35设置在第二按压部33一侧,并朝向高压插头机构2,与高压插头机构2的外侧接触,旋转部35截面为圆形、椭圆形、三角形、多边形等形状,与高压插头机构2的外侧接触一般为圆弧形或带有倒角的三角形或直边形,能够让旋转部35绕接触点旋转。
第二按压部33施力点与旋转部35之间的距离,要小于等于旋转部35与第一锁扣31之间的距离,这样第二按压部33移动较小的距离,可以使第一锁扣31移动较大的距离,使第一锁扣31从第一锁钩11中脱离。同样,操作人员施加到第二按压部33的力也不能过大,会造成操作人员操作困难,以及失误率较高。
为了验证第二按压力的大小对操作人员按压第二按压部33的影响,发明人选用相同结构和大小的二次锁止装置3,不同的第二按压部33的第二按压力大小,共13组样件,每组100件样件,操作人员非连续分别按压第二按压部33并使第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11脱离,记录操作人员一次操作成功率,并记录在表3中。在本实施例中,操作人员一次操作成功率小于95%为不合格。
表3:第二按压力的大小对操作人员按压第二按压部33的影响
Figure PCTCN2022129576-appb-000003
从上表3可以看出,当操作人员非连续的按压第二按压部33并使第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11脱离,排除了人员疲劳度的影响,在按压不同第二按压力大小的二次锁止装置3时,当第二按压力小于130N的时候,都是可以操作成功,当第二按压力为135N的时候,操作人员有3次失误,为97%,但是在合格值范围内,当第二按压力超过135N的时候,此时由于第二按压力太大,操作人员的手指施力有困难,导致一次操作成功率降低,小于合格值范围。因此,发明人设定第二按压力小于等于135N。
在一实施方式中,第二按压部33背向高压插头机构2的一面为第二按压面34,第二按压面34的面积大于等于0.5cm 2
当高压连接装置需要解除二次锁止时,需要手动按压第二按压部33,使第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11脱离,并且拉动高压插头机构2向拔出方向移动,因此第二按压部33需要一个第二按压面34能够承受人手指的力量,这个第二按压面34最小面积为5mm 2, 例如2mm宽,2.5mm长的一个平面,能够用手指压下第二按压面34。第二按压面34的面积不能过大,过大容易在使用过程中受到磕碰或按压,使第二按压部33受到按压,导致第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11脱离,造成电路系统非预期中断。可以按照高压插头机构2整体尺寸,合理设计第二按压面34的面积大小。
为了验证第二按压面34的面积大小对操作人员按压第二按压部33的影响,发明人选用相同结构和大小的高压连接装置,不同的第二按压面34的面积大小,共13组样件,每组100件样件,操作人员非连续分别按压第二按压面34并使第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11脱离,记录操作人员一次操作成功率,并记录在表4中。在本实施例中,操作人员一次操作成功率小于95%为不合格。
表4:第二按压面34的面积大小对操作人员按压第二按压部33的影响
Figure PCTCN2022129576-appb-000004
从上表4可以看出,当操作人员非连续的按压第二按压面34并使第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11脱离,排除了人员疲劳度的影响,在按压不同第二按压面34的面积大小的二次锁止装置3时,当第二按压面34的面积大于5mm 2的时候,都是可以操作成功,当第二按压面34的面积等于5mm 2的时候,操作人员有3次失误,为97%,但是在合格值范围内,当第二按压面34的面积小于5mm 2的时候,此时由于第二按压面34的面积太小,操作人员的手指施力有困难,导致一次操作成功率降低,小于合格值范围。因此,发明人设定第二按压面34的面积大于等于5mm 2
在一实施方式中,第二锁钩32凸出二次锁止装置3,并包含垂直于高压插头机构2插拔方向的第二接触面322和与高压插头机构2插拔方向呈一定角度的第二导向面321,如图6和图7所示。
二次锁止装置3的第二锁钩32,与一次锁止装置21的第二锁扣214锁紧配合,第二锁钩32具有垂直于高压插头机构2插拔方向的第二接触面322,可以与第二锁扣214的锁环接触配合,从而阻止第二锁扣214的锁环从第二接触面322上脱离。第二锁钩32具有与高压插头机构2插拔方向呈一定角度的第二导向面321,能够导向第二锁扣214的锁环逐步变形,从而套接在第二锁钩32上。
如图8所示,第二锁钩32设置了第二接触面322和第二导向面321,可以在高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2对插时,通过第二导向面321使第二锁扣214抬起并与第二接触面322锁定,只能通过第二按压部33的按压接触锁定,方便操作,安全可靠。
在一实施方式中,高压插头机构2的外侧面还设置锁扣固定部22,锁扣固定部22沿高压插头机构2插拔方向设置通孔221,第一锁扣31穿过通孔221并能在通孔221内滑动,如图5所示。
由于二次锁止装置3是单独的零件,为了能够使二次锁止装置3安装到高压插头机构2上,在高压插头机构2的外侧面设置了锁扣固定部22,锁扣固定部22沿高压插头机构2插拔方向设置通孔221,通孔221的截面尺寸大于第一锁扣31的截面尺寸,第一锁扣31能够穿过通孔221并能在通孔221内滑动,从而使高压插头机构2与二次锁止装置3之间可以产生相对移动,方便进行一次锁止。
在一实施方式中,第二按压部33沿垂直于高压插头机构2插拔方向的宽度,大于通孔221的宽度。
二次锁止装置3的第二按压部33的截面宽度,要大于通孔221的宽度,可以使第二按压部33卡在通孔221的一侧,当第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11锁紧配合时,当操作人员打开一次锁止,也就是将第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,并将高压插头机构2向拔出方向移动时,由于第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11锁紧配合,因此二次锁止装置3没有跟随高压插头机构2移动,而是在通孔221内滑动,直到二次锁止装置3的第二按压部33卡在通孔221的一侧时,此时高压插头机构2由于二次锁止装置3的限制,无法再向拔出方向移动,也就实现了二次锁止。
在一实施方式中,高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2其中一者具有互锁连接器7,则另一者具有高压互锁结构8,高压互锁结构8与互锁连接器7电连接形成回路,如图10所示。
高压互锁机构,是用低压信号监视高压回路完整性的一种安全设计方法,具体的高压互锁机构实现形式,不同项目有不同的设计,高压互锁机构是监控高压回路的意外断开,避免由于突然的失去动力的情况下,造成对汽车的损害。本实施例中的高压互锁机构,如图10所示,一端为互锁连接器7,为具备两根对插针,并且两根对插针电连接的一个U型或V型的低压回路,不需要进行安装,可以通过一体注塑的方式,直接在高压插座机构1中成型,并与高压插头机构2中的高压互锁结构8匹配连接,构成低压监控回路,当本实施例中的高压连接装置因意外断开时,互锁连接器7与高压互锁结构8也 会同时断开,低压监控回路会报警给中控系统,从而控制汽车断开高压回路,不会因为突然的失去动力而造成损害。
在一实施方式中,高压插座机构1和所述高压插头机构2其中一者具有至少一个高压插接端子5,则另一者具有至少一个高压对插端子6,高压插接端子5与高压对插端子6电连接形成回路,如图1所示。
高压连接装置是高压回路中联通不同线束或用电装置的零件,具备有经常插拔的功能,为了实现电气导通,线缆的终端都会连接高压端子,目前常用的结构还是对插结构,既一端为母端的插接端子,另一端为公端的对插端子,在本实施例中,高压插座机构1和所述高压插头机构2其中一者设置高压插接端子5,则另一者设置高压对插端子6,高压插接端子5与高压对插端子6电连接形成回路。
在一实施方式中,高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2对插到位后,锁扣固定部22与第二按压部33的最短距离,大于高压互锁结构8与互锁连接器7对插重叠的长度,小于高压插接端子5与高压对插端子6对插重叠的长度。
如图11和图12所示,是高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2对插到位后的示意图和剖面图,此时第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11锁紧配合,第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32也锁紧配合,高压互锁结构8与互锁连接器7对插到位,高压插接端子5与高压对插端子6也对插到位,此时高压插接端子5与高压对插端子6通高压电流,高压连接装置在正常工作。
如图13和图14所示,是高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2一次锁止打开的示意图和剖面图,此时推拉部42拉动到脱离位置,第二锁扣214与第二锁钩32脱离,并且高压插头机构2向拔出方向移动,由于第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11锁紧配合,因此二次锁止装置3没有跟随高压插头机构2移动,而是在通孔221内滑动,直到二次锁止装置3的第二按压部33卡在通孔221的一侧时,此时高压插头机构2由于二次锁止装置3的限制,无法再向拔出方向移动,也就实现了二次锁止。
在高压连接装置的内部,由于高压插头机构2移动的距离,就是锁扣固定部22与第二按压部33之间的最短距离A,发明人设定此距离大于高压互锁结构8与互锁连接器7对插重叠的长度B,小于高压插接端子5与高压对插端子6对插重叠的长度C,当高压插头机构2移动距离A时,由于A>B,因此高压互锁结构8与互锁连接器7会脱离开,而此时高压插接端子5与高压对插端子6仍然处于对插的状态,也就是高压电流并没有断开。由于高压互锁结构8与互锁连接器7脱离,低压监控回路会报警给中控系统,从 而控制汽车断开高压回路,也就是断开高压插接端子5与高压对插端子6中导通的高压电流。
如图15和图16所示,是高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2二次锁止打开的示意图和剖面图,此时第一锁扣31与第一锁钩11脱离,高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2之间没有锁紧的机构,则高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2可以完全分离,由于之前已经断开高压插接端子5与高压对插端子6中导通的高压电流,因此此时分离高压插接端子5与高压对插端子6,不会因为高压电流产生电弧,能使高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2安全的分离。
本实施例通过设置一次锁止装置21和二次锁止装置3,可以在解除一次锁止装置21时将高压连接装置的高压互锁机构断开,高压端子并不断开,当解除二次锁止装置3时,控制系统已经接收到高压互锁机构断开的信息后切断电源,高压端子无电分离,不会产生高压端子分离时的电弧。
在一实施方式中,第二锁扣214与所述第二锁钩32脱离后,到第一锁扣31和所述第一锁钩11脱离的时间大于等于0.5s。
当高压连接装置的高压互锁机构断开后,到低压监控回路会报警给中控系统,从而控制汽车断开高压回路,这中间的时间一般都会小于0.1s,但是为了安全起见,发明人在设计第二锁扣214与所述第二锁钩32脱离后,到第一锁扣31和所述第一锁钩11脱离的时间大于等于0.5s,这样保证高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2断开时,高压端子无电分离,不会产生高压端子分离时的电弧。实现的方法是在第二锁扣214与所述第二锁钩32脱离后,操作人员需要将手指从第一按压部215,移动到第二按压部33,再施力按压,使第一锁扣31和所述第一锁钩11脱离,再将高压插头机构2向拔出方向移动,这几个动作的时间做动作分析法以及大量的实验测试,都会大于等于0.5s,保证高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2脱离时的安全。
在一实施方式中,高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2之间的插拔次数大于等于9次。
在高压连接装置装配时,需要将高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2装配到一起,后续有维修、组件拆卸,可能都需要将高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2分离后再进行插拔,因此高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2之间的插拔次数不能小于9次,如果小于9次,可能在某次拆卸维修过程中,高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2受到损伤,无法起到连同电流的作用,就需要将整个高压连接装置包括线束全部更换,不仅耗费维修时 间,也会增加维修成本,因此,无论从高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2的材料选择,还是高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2之间的插拔机构,锁死机构,密封机构的设计,都需要经历至少9次的拆卸组装,才能满足高压连接装置的使用要求。
在一实施方式中,高压插头机构2的重量小于等于305g。
一般情况下,高压插座机构1固定在使用环境中,高压插头机构2位于高压连接装置的上方,并且与高压插座机构1插接固定,当高压插头机构2的重量过大时,高压插座机构1受到的重力也较大,在用电装置振动的情况下,会导致整个高压连接装置跟随振动,由于惯性的原因,高压插头机构2会受到较大的振动,会发出异响,而在高压连接装置使用过程中,发生异响是不被允许的。
为了验证高压插头机构2的重量对高压连接装置发生异响的影响,发明人采用相同的高压插座机构1,不同重量的高压插头机构2的样件,组装后安装到振动试验台上,并进行振动试验,观察振动试验过程中,高压插头机构2是否发生异响,测试结果如表5所示。
表5,高压插头机构2的重量对高压连接装置发生异响的影响
重量(g) 265 275 285 295 305 315 325 335 345
是否异响
从表5可知,当高压插头机构2的重量大于305g后,振动试验过程中,高压插头机构2发生异响,测试不合格。所以发明人选用高压插头机构2的重量小于等于305g。
在一实施方式中,高压插头机构2沿插拔方向的高度小于等于208mm。
高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2装配到一起后,需要安装到用电环境中,但是一般情况下,用电环境预留的空间都较小,如果高压插头机构2较高时,一是无法安装到用电环境当中,二是也比较浪费原材料,因此高压插头机构2在设计时需要低于一定的高度。
为了验证高压插头机构2沿插拔方向的高度对高压连接装置安装情况的影响,发明人采用相同的高压插座机构1,不同的沿插拔方向的高度的高压插头机构2的样件,组装后安装到用电装置上,观察安装过程中,高压插头机构2是否与用电环境其他零部件发生干涉,测试结果如表6所示。
表6,高压插头机构2沿插拔方向的高度对连接机构安装情况的影响
高度 168 178 188 198 208 218 228 238 248
(mm)                  
是否干涉
从表6可知,当高压插头机构2沿插拔方向的高度大于208mm后,无法安装到高压连接装置的指定位置中,测试不合格。因此,发明人设定高压插头机构2沿插拔方向的高度小于等于208mm。
本发明还提供一种电能传输装置,包含上述的高压连接装置。
本发明还提供一种机动车辆,包含上述的高压连接装置。
本发明的高压连接装置设置注塑成型的屏蔽壳体9,加工简单,成本较屏蔽金属壳低很多,通过屏蔽壳体9的插接配合,以及和线缆屏蔽层的电连接,可以有效的将高压连接装置内部的电磁干扰屏蔽,减少了对其他设备电磁干扰。
本发明的高压插座机构1上设置保护挡板12,能够保护第一锁钩11不会被外力造成损坏,从而丧失固定二次锁止装置3的能力,使高压连接装置会带电脱离,严重时会造成电击伤亡。
本发明的一次锁止装置21设定了第一按压面216的大小,以及第一按压力的大小,能够方便人员的手指按压一次锁止装置21,并且能够不费力的将一次锁止装置21解除锁定,方便操作。
本发明的二次锁止装置3设定了第二按压面34的大小,以及第二按压力的大小,能够方便人员的手指按压二次锁止装置3,并且能够不费力的将二次锁止装置3解除锁定,方便操作。
本发明的高压连接装置,第一锁钩11和第二锁钩32都设置了接触面和导向面,可以在高压插座机构1和高压插头机构2对插时,通过导向面使第一锁钩11或第二锁钩32抬起并与接触面锁定,只能通过按压部的按压接触锁定,方便操作,安全可靠。
本发明的一次锁止装置21还包括防脱装置4,防止一次锁止装置21由于误操作或外力作用解除锁定,造成高压连接装置突然断电,影响正常使用。
本发明通过设置一次锁止装置21和二次锁止装置3,可以在解除一次锁止装置21时将高压连接装置的高压互锁机构断开,高压端子并不断开,当解除二次锁止装置3时,控制系统已经接收到高压互锁机构断开的信息后切断电源,高压端子无电分离,不会产生高压端子分离时的电弧。
本发明通过设定一次锁止装置21和二次锁止装置3解除锁定的间隔时间,能够保证控制系统能有足够的时间将高压电源切断,防止二次锁止装置3解除锁定时,高压连接装置还连通高压电的情况,避免人员造成伤亡。
以上所述仅为本发明的几个实施例,本领域的技术人员依据申请文件公开的内容可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动或变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种高压连接装置,包括高压插座机构和与所述高压插座机构对插并锁扣连接的高压插头机构,其特征在于,所述高压插座机构上设置第一锁钩,所述高压插头机构的外周设置一次锁止装置和二次锁止装置,所述二次锁止装置一端包含第一锁扣,并能与所述第一锁钩匹配锁紧,所述二次锁止装置另一端包含第二锁钩,所述一次锁止装置包含第二锁扣,并与所述第二锁钩匹配锁紧;通过移动所述一次锁止装置,使所述第二锁扣与所述第二锁钩脱离,通过移动所述二次锁止装置,使所述第一锁扣和所述第一锁钩脱离,从而使所述高压插头机构与所述高压插座机构脱离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述高压插座机构包含凸起的公端凸起,所述高压插头机构包含母端腔体,所述公端凸起和所述母端腔体都包含屏蔽壳体,所述公端凸起和所述母端腔体对插连接后,各自的屏蔽壳体接触并电连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述高压插座机构包含垂直于所述高压插头机构插拔方向的平台,所述第一锁钩设置在所述平台上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述第一锁钩包括柱体和钩状体,所述柱体一端设置在所述平台上,另一端沿所述高压插头机构拔出方向延伸并连接所述钩状体,所述钩状体凸出所述柱体侧面,并包含垂直于所述高压插头机构插拔方向的第一接触面和与所述高压插头机构插拔方向呈一定角度的第一导向面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述第一锁钩还包括保护挡板,所述保护挡板形状为筒形、板形、L形、环形或U型,所述保护挡板一端设置在所述平台上,另一端沿所述高压插头机构拔出方向延伸,所述保护挡板的高度大于等于所述钩状体的高度。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述一次锁止装置包括依次设置的固定部、弹力部、锁定部和第一按压部,所述固定部一端设置在所述高压插头机构的外侧,另一端沿垂直于所述高压插头机构插拔方向延伸并与所述弹力部一端连接;所述弹力部、锁定部和第一按压部沿所述高压插头机构插拔方向设置,所述锁定部设置所述第二锁扣。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述第一按压部背向所述高压插头机构的一面为第一按压面,所述第一按压面的面积大于等于5mm 2
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述第一按压部受到第一按压力,使所述弹力部变形,带动所述锁定部向靠近所述高压插头机构方向移动,所述第 一按压力小于等于135N。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述一次锁止装置还包括防脱装置,所述高压插头机构的外侧设置卡槽,所述防脱装置能够在所述卡槽内沿所述高压插头机构插拔方向平移,所述防脱装置包含依次连接卡勾、阻挡片和推拉部,所述阻挡片能够平移到所述第一按压部和所述高压插头机构的外侧之间,从而阻挡所述锁定部向靠近所述高压插头机构方向移动。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述二次锁止装置在所述第一锁扣和第二锁钩之间,还包括第二按压部,以及设置在所述第二按压部上靠近所述第一锁扣一侧的旋转部,所述旋转部突出于所述第二按压部。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述旋转部朝向所述高压插头机构设置,并与所述高压插头机构的外侧接触,所述第二按压部受到第二按压力,使所述二次锁止装置绕所述旋转部和所述高压插头机构接触位置旋转,带动所述第一锁扣向远离所述高压插头机构方向移动,所述第二按压力小于等于135N。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述第二按压部背向所述高压插头机构的一面为第二按压面,所述第二按压面的面积大于等于5mm 2
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述第二锁钩凸出所述二次锁止装置,并包含垂直于所述高压插头机构插拔方向的第二接触面和与所述高压插头机构插拔方向呈一定角度的第二导向面。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述高压插头机构的外侧面还设置锁扣固定部,所述锁扣固定部沿所述高压插头机构插拔方向设置通孔,所述第一锁扣穿过所述通孔并能在所述通孔内滑动。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述第二按压部沿垂直于所述高压插头机构插拔方向的宽度,大于所述通孔的宽度。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述高压插座机构和所述高压插头机构其中一者具有互锁连接器,则另一者具有高压互锁结构,所述高压互锁结构与所述互锁连接器电连接形成回路。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述高压插座机构和所述高压插头机构其中一者具有至少一个高压插接端子,则另一者具有至少一个高压对插端子,所述高压插接端子与所述高压对插端子电连接形成回路。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述高压插座机构和所述 高压插头机构对插到位后,所述锁扣固定部与所述第二按压部的最短距离,大于所述高压互锁结构与所述互锁连接器对插重叠的长度,小于所述高压插接端子与所述高压对插端子对插重叠的长度。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述第二锁扣与所述第二锁钩脱离后,到所述第一锁扣和所述第一锁钩脱离的时间大于等于0.5s。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述高压插座机构和所述高压插头机构之间的插拔次数大于等于9次。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述高压插头机构的重量小于等于305g。
  22. 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接装置,其特征在于,所述高压插头机构沿插拔方向的高度小于等于208mm。
  23. 一种电能传输装置,其特征在于,包含根据权利要求1-22任一项所述的高压连接装置。
  24. 一种机动车辆,其特征在于,包含根据权利要求1-22任一项所述的高压连接装置。
PCT/CN2022/129576 2021-11-04 2022-11-03 一种高压连接装置、电能传输装置及机动车辆 WO2023078355A1 (zh)

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