WO2023077296A1 - 一种用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置 - Google Patents

一种用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023077296A1
WO2023077296A1 PCT/CN2021/128379 CN2021128379W WO2023077296A1 WO 2023077296 A1 WO2023077296 A1 WO 2023077296A1 CN 2021128379 W CN2021128379 W CN 2021128379W WO 2023077296 A1 WO2023077296 A1 WO 2023077296A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stirring head
friction stir
new device
alloy surface
lightweight alloy
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PCT/CN2021/128379
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋娓娓
汪洪峰
姜迪
葛小乐
蒲家飞
董旗
刘胜荣
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黄山学院
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/128379 priority Critical patent/WO2023077296A1/zh
Priority to BE20225488A priority patent/BE1029097B1/de
Publication of WO2023077296A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023077296A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws
    • B01F27/923—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws the material flowing continuously through the receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws
    • B01F27/921—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle
    • B01F27/9214—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle with additional mixing elements other than helices; having inner and outer helices; with helices surrounding a guiding tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/128—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding making use of additional material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of lightweight alloy surface layer modification, in particular to a device for friction stir modification of a lightweight alloy surface layer, in particular to a device for friction stir modification of a lightweight alloy surface layer that can greatly improve the performance of a lightweight alloy surface layer new device.
  • Lightweight alloys are more and more widely used in aerospace, new energy vehicles, and large box packaging.
  • lightweight alloys are used in some relatively harsh environments, which are prone to wear and corrosion.
  • the above phenomenon is more obvious in some places, such as the wear and corrosion of parts in coastal areas and high-temperature combustion chambers are more obvious, which directly increases the service life of parts.
  • Traditional modification methods basically use chemical methods, such as chemical coating, etc., which cause serious environmental pollution and are not conducive to the popularization and application of technology.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and provide a new device for friction stir modification of the surface layer of lightweight alloy which can greatly improve the surface layer performance of lightweight alloy.
  • a new device for friction stir modification of lightweight alloy surface layer characterized in that: the new device includes a feeding mechanism and a friction stir mechanism, wherein the friction stir mechanism includes a screw with a stirring head, and the screw with a stirring head is installed on In the straight taper through hole formed by the main shaft sleeve and the stirring head shaft shoulder sleeve, the outer surface of the stirring pin of the screw rod with the stirring head is provided with external threads and the inner wall of the straight taper through hole is provided with internal threads matching the external threads.
  • the gap between the external thread and the internal thread constitutes the feeding channel of the friction stirring mechanism;
  • the agitating head shaft shoulder sleeve is provided with a straight notch, and the straight cone through hole passes through the straight notch and the feeding conduit of the feeding mechanism connected.
  • the thread number of the external thread is a double thread number and the thread number of the internal thread is also a double thread number.
  • the outer wall of the needle end of the stirring needle of the screw with stirring head is provided with an arc-shaped concave groove.
  • the lower opening of the concave groove is wide, and the upper opening gradually shrinks to the external thread.
  • the concave grooves are symmetrically distributed on the outer wall of the needle end of the stirring needle of the screw rod with the stirring head.
  • the main shaft sleeve and the stirring head shaft shoulder sleeve are integrally formed.
  • the screw rod with a stirring head is connected with the output shaft of the motor through a coupling.
  • the feeding mechanism includes a material-pressing cylinder, and the outlet of the material-pressing cylinder communicates with the straight slot on the shoulder sleeve of the stirring head through a material supply conduit to supply materials.
  • the piston on the pressing material cylinder is provided with a pressing rod, and the pressing rod is connected with the booster pump through a pressure control hose with a control valve.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the new device of the present invention is based on the combination of the friction stir joining technology and the principle of screw extrusion, and cooperates with the design of the arc-shaped concave groove with the width of the lower opening and the upper opening gradually shrinking to the external thread, so as to ensure the uniformity of the modified surface metal. performance; the new device can greatly improve the surface performance of lightweight alloys, and is low in cost and easy to popularize and apply.
  • 1 motor
  • 2 coupled
  • 3 screw with stirring head
  • 4 main shaft sleeve
  • 5 shaft shoulder sleeve of stirring head
  • 6 press cylinder
  • 7 piston
  • Booster pump 10
  • control valve 11
  • pressure control hose 12
  • 13 concave groove
  • 14 straight notch
  • 15 feeding conduit
  • 16 straight cone through hole.
  • a new device for friction stir modification of lightweight alloy surfaces which mainly consists of a motor 1, a coupling 2, a screw with a stirring head 3, a main shaft sleeve 4, and a stirring head shoulder sleeve 5 , pressing cylinder 6, piston 7, pressing rod 8, booster pump 9, control valve 10, pressure control hose 11, external thread 12, concave groove 13, straight notch 14, feeding conduit 15, straight taper through hole 16 components; among which motor 1, coupling 2, screw with stirring head 3, main shaft sleeve 4, stirring head shoulder sleeve 5, external thread 12, concave groove 13, straight notch 14, and straight cone through hole 16 constitute the stirring
  • the friction mechanism, the pressure cylinder 6, the piston 7, the pressure rod 8, the booster pump 9, the control valve 10, and the pressure control hose 11 constitute the feeding mechanism, and the feeding mechanism is connected to the friction stirring mechanism through the feeding conduit 15. .
  • FIG. 1 there are reinforced metal particles in a molten state (depending on the needs of surface modification, such as metal powders such as W, Ni, Ti, etc.) in the pressing cylinder 6, which are mainly controlled by the booster pump 9.
  • the pressurization of the hose 11 drives the press bar 8 to impel the piston 7 in the press cylinder 6 to move downward, and the molten reinforced metal particles are extruded into the straight slot 14 through the feeding conduit 15, and the reinforced metal powder in the molten state is
  • the speed of movement in the feed conduit 15 is controlled by the control valve 10 on the pressure control hose 11 .
  • the new device for friction stir modification of lightweight alloy surface provided by the present invention
  • it describes the whole process of lightweight alloy modification as follows: start the booster pump 9 to pressurize, and the supercharged
  • the gas drives the pressure rod 8 in the pressure cylinder 6 to move up and down through the pressure control hose 11.
  • the speed of the pressure rod 8 moving up and down is controlled by the control valve 10.
  • the pressure rod 8 drives the piston 7 to move down to reduce the molten state in the pressure rod 6.
  • the reinforced metal particles are extruded into the straight slot 14 on the agitating head shoulder sleeve 5 through the feed conduit 15; at this time, the motor 1 is started, and the screw rod 3 with the agitating head is driven by the motor 1 through the coupling 2 to rotate, Because the screw rod 3 with stirring head is installed in the straight cone through hole 16 of the main shaft sleeve 4 and the stirring head shoulder sleeve 5, and the inwall of the straight cone through hole 16 is also provided with the stirring pin on the screw rod 3 with the stirring head
  • the new device for friction stir modification of lightweight alloy surface layer of the present invention is aimed at complying with environmental protection, considering a series of problems such as modification cost, and proposes to use friction stir modification of lightweight alloy surface layer to improve its related surface layer. performance.
  • the new device has simple structure, easy equipment development, no environmental pollution, and can be popularized and applied in industrial manufacturing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，该新装置包括供料机构和搅拌摩擦机构，其中搅拌摩擦机构包括带搅拌头的螺杆(3)，带搅拌头的螺杆(3)安装在主轴套(4)和搅拌头轴肩套(5)构成的直锥通孔(16)中，所述带搅拌头的螺杆(3)的搅拌针外表面车有外螺纹(12)且直锥通孔(16)的内壁上车有与外螺纹(12)相配合的内螺纹，外螺纹(12)和内螺纹之间的间隙构成搅拌摩擦机构的输料通道；所述的搅拌头轴肩套(5)上开有直槽口(14)，直锥通孔(16)通过直槽口(14)与供料机构的供料导管(15)相连通。该新装置能够大大提高轻量化合金的表层性能，成本低，易于推广应用。

Description

一种用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置 技术领域
本发明涉及轻量化合金表层改性技术领域，尤其涉及轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的装置，具体地说是一种能够大大提高轻量化合金表层性能的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置。
背景技术
轻量化合金在航空航天、新能源汽车、大型箱体包装等方面得到越来越广泛的应用，但是，轻量化合金进场在一些比较恶劣的环境应用，容易造成以磨损、腐蚀等现象发生，而且有的地方出现上述现象更加明显，如沿海地区、高温燃烧室等地方的零部件出现的磨损、腐蚀现象更为显著，这直接加剧了零部件的使用寿命。传统的改性方法基本上采用化学方式，如化学镀膜等，造成环境污染严重，也不利于技术的推广应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术存在的问题，提供一种能够大大提高轻量化合金表层性能的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案解决的：
一种用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，其特征在于：该新装置包括供料机构和搅拌摩擦机构，其中搅拌摩擦机构包括带搅拌头的螺杆，带搅拌头的螺杆安装在主轴套和搅拌头轴肩套构成的直锥通孔中，所述带搅拌头的螺杆的搅拌针外表面车有外螺纹且直锥通孔的内壁上车有与外螺纹相配合的内螺纹，外螺纹和内螺纹之间的间隙构成搅拌摩擦机构的输料通道；所述的搅拌头轴肩套上开有直槽口，直锥通孔通过直槽口与供料机构的供料导管相连通。
所述外螺纹的螺纹数为双螺纹数且内螺纹的螺纹数亦为双螺纹数。
所述带搅拌头的螺杆的搅拌针的针头端外壁上设有圆弧状的凹型槽。
所述凹型槽的下口宽、上口逐渐收缩至外螺纹处。
所述的凹型槽对称分布在带搅拌头的螺杆的搅拌针的针头端外壁上。
所述的主轴套和搅拌头轴肩套一体成型。
所述的带搅拌头的螺杆通过联轴器与电机的输出轴相连接。
所述的供料机构包括压料缸，压料缸的出料口通过供料导管与搅拌头轴肩套上的直槽口相连通以供应物料。
所述压料缸上的活塞上设有压杆，压杆通过带有控制阀的控压软管与增压泵相连接。
本发明相比现有技术有如下优点：
本发明的新装置基于搅拌摩擦连接技术和螺杆挤压原理的结合构成，并配合下口宽、上口逐渐收缩至外螺纹处的圆弧状的凹型槽设计，以保证改性表层金属的均匀性；该新装置能够大大提高轻量化合金的表层性能，成本低，易于推广应用。
附图说明
附图1为本发明的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置的结构示意图。
其中：1—电机；2—联轴器；3—带搅拌头的螺杆；4—主轴套；5—搅拌头轴肩套；6—压料缸；7—活塞；8—压杆；9—增压泵；10—控制阀；11—控压软管；12—外螺纹；13—凹型槽；14—直槽口；15—供料导管；16—直锥通孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
如图1所示：一种用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，其主要由电机1、联轴器2、带搅拌头的螺杆3、主轴套4、搅拌头轴肩套5、压料缸6、活塞7、压杆8、增压泵9、控制阀10、控压软管11、外螺纹12、凹型槽13、直槽口14、供料导管15、直锥通孔16组成；其中电机1、联轴器2、带搅拌头的螺杆3、主轴套4、搅拌头轴肩套5、外螺纹12、凹型槽13、直槽口14、直锥通孔16构成搅拌摩擦机构，压料缸6、活塞7、压杆8、增压泵9、控制阀10、控压软管11构成供料机构，供料机构通过供料导管15和搅拌摩擦机构相连通供料。
如图1所示：其中带搅拌头的螺杆3安装在主轴套4和搅拌头轴肩套5构成的直锥通孔16中，主轴套4和搅拌头轴肩套5制作成一体形状，直锥通孔16的内表面车有与带搅拌头的螺杆3的搅拌针外表面上的外螺纹12配套的内螺纹；外螺纹12的螺纹数为双螺纹数，与其配套的直锥通孔16表面车的也是双螺纹，且在带搅拌头的螺杆3的搅拌针螺纹端口处铣有下口宽、上口逐渐收缩的圆弧状的凹型槽13；搅拌头轴肩套5上开有直槽口14，直槽口14与供料导管15一端相连接、供料导管15的另一端与压料缸6的出口连接。
如图1所示：在压料缸6里面装有熔融状态的增强金属颗粒(视表层改性需要而定，如W、Ni、Ti等金属粉末等)，其主要通过增压泵9经控压软管11增压带动压杆8促使压料缸6中的活塞7向下移动，将熔融的增强金属颗粒通过供料导管15挤压到直槽口14中，熔融状态的增强金属粉末在供料导管15中移动的速度由控压软管11上的控制阀10控制。
如图1所示，本发明提供的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置使用时，其对轻量化合金改性的全过程描述如下：启动增压泵9增压，增压的气体通过控压软管11带动压料缸6中的压杆8上下移动，压杆8上下移动的速度由控制阀10控制，压杆8带动活塞7下移 将压料杆6中的熔融状态的增强金属颗粒通过供料导管15挤入到搅拌头轴肩套5上的直槽口14中；此时，启动电机1，由电机1通过联轴器2带动带搅拌头的螺杆3旋转，由于带搅拌头的螺杆3安装在主轴套4和搅拌头轴肩套5的直锥通孔16中，且直锥通孔16的内壁也车有与带搅拌头的螺杆3的搅拌针上的外螺纹12相匹配的内螺纹，因此，可将进入搅拌头轴肩套5上开有的直槽口14中的熔融状态的增强金属颗粒带入到直锥通孔16中，然后在带搅拌头的螺杆3和直锥通孔16的作用下将熔融状态的增强金属颗粒挤出到搅拌头轴肩套5的下方与工件接触的表层进行搅拌挤压成型，实现表层轻量化合金的改性作用。由于在带搅拌头的螺杆3的搅拌针上开有凹型槽13，便于熔融状态的增强金属颗粒迅速挤入到工件表层，且凹型槽13对称分布，保证改性表层金属的均匀性。
本发明的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置旨在遵守环保的基础上，考虑到改性成本等一些列问题，提出了利用搅拌摩擦改性轻量化合金表层以提高其相关表层的性能。该新装置结构简单，装备容易研制，无环境污染，能够在工业制造中推广应用。
以上实施例仅为说明本发明的技术思想，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围，凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本发明保护范围之内；本发明未涉及的技术均可通过现有技术加以实现。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，其特征在于：该新装置包括供料机构和搅拌摩擦机构，其中搅拌摩擦机构包括带搅拌头的螺杆(3)，带搅拌头的螺杆(3)安装在主轴套(4)和搅拌头轴肩套(5)构成的直锥通孔(16)中，所述带搅拌头的螺杆(3)的搅拌针外表面车有外螺纹(12)且直锥通孔(16)的内壁上车有与外螺纹(12)相配合的内螺纹，外螺纹(12)和内螺纹之间的间隙构成搅拌摩擦机构的输料通道；所述的搅拌头轴肩套(5)上开有直槽口(14)，直锥通孔(16)通过直槽口(14)与供料机构的供料导管(15)相连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，其特征在于：所述外螺纹(12)的螺纹数为双螺纹数且内螺纹的螺纹数亦为双螺纹数。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，其特征在于：所述带搅拌头的螺杆(3)的搅拌针的针头端外壁上设有圆弧状的凹型槽(13)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，其特征在于：所述凹型槽(13)的下口宽、上口逐渐收缩至外螺纹(12)处。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，其特征在于：所述的凹型槽(13)对称分布在带搅拌头的螺杆(3)的搅拌针的针头端外壁上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，其特征在于：所述的主轴套(4)和搅拌头轴肩套(5)一体成型。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，其特征在于：所述的带搅拌头的螺杆(3)通过联轴器(2)与电机(1)的输出轴相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，其特征在于：所述的供料机构包括压料缸(6)，压料缸(6)的出料口通过供料导管(15)与搅拌头轴肩套(5)上的直槽口(14)相连通以供应物料。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于轻量化合金表层搅拌摩擦改性的新装置，其特征在于：所述压料缸(6)上的活塞(7)上设有压杆(8)，压杆(8)通过带有控制阀(10)的控压软管(11)与增压泵(9)相连接。
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