WO2023074765A1 - 組成物、回路基板、及び、組成物の製造方法 - Google Patents
組成物、回路基板、及び、組成物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023074765A1 WO2023074765A1 PCT/JP2022/040021 JP2022040021W WO2023074765A1 WO 2023074765 A1 WO2023074765 A1 WO 2023074765A1 JP 2022040021 W JP2022040021 W JP 2022040021W WO 2023074765 A1 WO2023074765 A1 WO 2023074765A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
- H05K1/0353—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement
- H05K1/0373—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement containing additives, e.g. fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/006—Pressing and sintering powders, granules or fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/092—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08L27/18—Homopolymers or copolymers or tetrafluoroethene
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
- H01B3/445—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds from vinylfluorides or other fluoroethylenic compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
- H05K1/032—Organic insulating material consisting of one material
- H05K1/034—Organic insulating material consisting of one material containing halogen
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- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
- H05K1/0353—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/12—Copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2363/00—Epoxy resins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2383/00—Polysiloxanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/08—PCBs, i.e. printed circuit boards
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/01—Dielectrics
- H05K2201/0137—Materials
- H05K2201/015—Fluoropolymer, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/02—Fillers; Particles; Fibers; Reinforcement materials
- H05K2201/0203—Fillers and particles
- H05K2201/0206—Materials
- H05K2201/0209—Inorganic, non-metallic particles
Definitions
- compositions relate to compositions, circuit boards, and methods of making compositions.
- Patent Literature 1 describes a method of adding titanium oxide or the like to a fluororesin to improve the ultraviolet absorbability.
- Patent Document 2 describes a method of adding zinc oxide to a fluororesin to impart an ultraviolet shielding function.
- JP 2020-37662 A Japanese Patent No. 5246619
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a composition, a circuit board, and a method for producing the composition that are excellent in UV laser processability and have good electrical properties.
- the present disclosure (1) relates to a composition containing a perfluoro-based fluororesin and zinc oxide (hereinafter also referred to as "the composition of the present disclosure”).
- the present disclosure (2) is the composition of the present disclosure (1), wherein the zinc oxide content is 0.01 to 5.0% by mass relative to the composition.
- the present disclosure (3) is the composition of the present disclosure (1) or (2), wherein the zinc oxide has an average particle size of 0.01 to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- the present disclosure (4) is any combination with any of the present disclosure (1) to (3), wherein the zinc oxide lumps of 10 ⁇ m or more are less than 200 per 1 mm 2 in image analysis of laser microscope observation. is the composition of
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin has less than 200 unstable terminal groups per 1 ⁇ 10 6 carbon atoms, and the unstable terminal group is the main chain of the perfluoro-based fluororesin.
- -COF, -COOH, -COOCH 3 , -CONH 2 and -CH 2 OH present at the end is at least one selected from the group consisting of any combination with any of the present disclosure (1) to (4) composition.
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin is selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer and tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer.
- the present disclosure (7) is a composition of any combination with any one of the present disclosures (1) to (6), wherein the perfluoro-based fluororesin has a melting point of 240 to 340°C.
- the present disclosure (8) is a composition of any combination with any of the present disclosures (1) to (7) containing an inorganic filler other than zinc oxide.
- the present disclosure (9) is the composition of the present disclosure (8), wherein the inorganic filler does not have ultraviolet absorbability.
- the present disclosure (10) is the present disclosure (8) or It is the composition of (9).
- (11) of the present disclosure is a composition of any combination with any of (8) to (10) of the present disclosure, wherein the content of the inorganic filler is 10 to 60% by mass relative to the composition.
- the present disclosure (12) is a composition in any combination with any of the present disclosures (1) to (11) having a dielectric loss tangent of 0.003 or less at 25° C. and 10 GHz.
- the present disclosure (13) is the present disclosure (1) in which the increase rate of the dielectric loss tangent of the composition at 25 ° C. and 10 GHz is 330% or less with respect to the dielectric loss tangent of the perfluoro-based fluororesin at 25 ° C. and 10 GHz. (12) in any combination.
- This disclosure (14) is a composition in any combination with any of this disclosure (1)-(13) which is an insulating material for circuit boards.
- the present disclosure is a composition in any combination with any one of the present disclosures (1) to (14), wherein the insulating material of the circuit board is a low dielectric material.
- the present disclosure (16) also provides a circuit board (hereinafter also referred to as "the circuit board of the present disclosure") having a composition of any combination of any of the present disclosure (1) to (15) and a conductive layer Regarding.
- This disclosure (17) is the circuit board of this disclosure (16), wherein the conductive layer is a metal.
- the present disclosure (18) is the circuit board according to the present disclosure (17), wherein the metal has a surface roughness Rz of 2.0 ⁇ m or less on the composition side surface.
- This disclosure (19) is the circuit board of this disclosure (17) or (18), wherein the metal is copper.
- the present disclosure (20) is the circuit board of the present disclosure (19), wherein the copper is rolled copper or electrolytic copper.
- This disclosure (21) is a circuit board in any combination with any of this disclosure (16)-(20) which is a printed circuit board, laminated circuit board or high frequency board.
- the present disclosure (22) is also a method for producing a composition in any combination with any one of the present disclosure (1) to (15), comprising: melt-kneading the perfluoro-based fluororesin and the zinc oxide;
- the present invention relates to a composition manufacturing method for obtaining a composition (hereinafter also referred to as “manufacturing method of the present disclosure”).
- the present disclosure (23) also provides a method for producing a fluororesin sheet comprising a composition of any combination of any of the present disclosure (1) to (15), wherein the composition is subjected to paste extrusion molding or powder rolling.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a fluororesin sheet by molding to obtain the above fluororesin sheet (hereinafter also referred to as “a method for producing a fluororesin sheet according to the present disclosure”).
- compositions, a circuit board, and a method for producing the composition that are excellent in UV laser processability and have good electrical properties.
- organic group means a group containing one or more carbon atoms or a group formed by removing one hydrogen atom from an organic compound.
- organic groups are an alkyl group optionally having one or more substituents, an alkenyl group optionally having one or more substituents, an alkynyl group optionally having one or more substituents, a cycloalkyl group optionally having one or more substituents, a cycloalkenyl group optionally having one or more substituents, a cycloalkadienyl group optionally having one or more substituents, an aryl group optionally having one or more substituents, an aralkyl group optionally having one or more substituents, a non-aromatic heterocyclic group optionally having one or more substituents, a heteroaryl group optionally having one or more substituents, cyano group, formyl group, RaO-, RaCO-, RaSO2- , RaCOO-,
- the composition of the present disclosure contains a perfluoro-based fluororesin and zinc oxide. Since the composition of the present disclosure contains zinc oxide, it is excellent in UV laser processability in spite of containing a perfluoro-based fluororesin. Also, when titanium oxide or the like described in Patent Document 1 is blended, the electrical properties of the perfluoro-based fluororesin may be impaired, but zinc oxide has the advantage of having little effect on the electrical properties. Therefore, the composition not only has excellent UV laser processability, but also has good electrical properties, making it a suitable composition for high-frequency substrates and the like.
- Patent Document 2 a fluororesin containing zinc oxide is described in Patent Document 2, the fluororesin in Patent Document 2 is used as a greenhouse film for agriculture, and there is no evaluation of electrical properties, and the above advantages are not shown. I didn't. Furthermore, since zinc oxide is resistant to heat, it can be mixed with the fluororesin by melt-kneading. By performing melt-kneading, zinc oxide can be well dispersed in the fluororesin, and UV laser processability can be further improved. In addition, since the composition of the present disclosure uses a perfluoro-based fluororesin, good electrical properties can be obtained compared to other fluororesins such as ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE). be done.
- EFE ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin is a copolymer mainly composed of a fluorine-containing monomer such as a perfluoromonomer, and is a fluororesin having very few hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms in the repeating unit constituting the main chain. and other than repeating units constituting the main chain, such as terminal structures, may have a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon atom. Further, if the content of the fluorine-containing monomer in the resin is 90 mol % or more, monomers other than the fluorine-containing monomer may be copolymerized.
- the content of the fluorine-containing monomer is preferably 95 mol % or more, more preferably 99 mol % or more, and may be 100 mol %.
- a polymer of tetrafluoroethylene [TFE] which is a perfluoromonomer, a copolymer of TFE and a copolymerizable monomer, or the like can be used.
- TFE tetrafluoroethylene
- the term "perfluoromonomer” means a monomer in which all hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- the copolymerizable monomer is not particularly limited as long as it can be copolymerized with TFE and does not contain hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms constituting the main chain.
- Fluorine-containing monomers such as fluoromonomers and fluoroalkylallyl ethers are included.
- Monomers other than fluorine-containing monomers include itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride, and maleic anhydride.
- One of the above copolymerizable monomers may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- General formula (120): CF 2 CF-OCH 2 -Rf 121 (wherein Rf 121 is a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms), a fluoromonomer represented by General formula (130 ) :
- CF2 CFOCF2ORf131 (In the formula, Rf 131 is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyclic perfluoroalkyl group having 5 to 6 carbon atoms, a 2 to 6 carbon atom containing 1 to 3 oxygen atoms, is a straight-chain or branched perfluorooxyalkyl group.)
- a fluoromonomer represented by General formula (140): CF2 CFO( CF2CF ( Y141 )O
- the perfluoroalkyl group may contain an etheric oxygen and a —SO 2 F group.
- n is , represents an integer of 0 to 3.
- n Y 151 may be the same or different, Y 152 represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a —SO 2 F group, m is represents an integer of 1 to 5.
- m Y 152 may be the same or different, and A 151 represents -SO 2 X 151 , -COZ 151 or -POZ 152 Z 153 ; X 151 represents F, Cl, Br, I, -OR 151 or -NR 152 R 153.
- Z 151 , Z 152 and Z 153 are the same or different and represent -NR 154 R 155 or -OR 156
- R 151 , R 152 , R 153 , R 154 , R 155 and R 156 are the same or different and represent H, ammonium, an alkali metal, an alkyl group which may contain a fluorine atom, an aryl group, or a sulfonyl-containing group.
- perfluoro organic group means an organic group in which all hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- the perfluoro organic group may have an ether oxygen.
- Fluoromonomers represented by general formula (110) include fluoromonomers in which Rf 111 is a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the perfluoroalkyl group preferably has 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the perfluoro organic group in formula (110) include perfluoromethyl group, perfluoroethyl group, perfluoropropyl group, perfluorobutyl group, perfluoropentyl group, perfluorohexyl group and the like.
- Rf 111 is a perfluoro(alkoxyalkyl) group having 4 to 9 carbon atoms, and Rf 111 is the following formula:
- Rf 111 is a group represented by the following formula:
- n an integer of 1 to 4.
- CF 2 CF-ORf 161
- Rf 161 represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Rf 161 is preferably a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the fluoroalkyl vinyl ether is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of fluoromonomers represented by general formulas (160), (130) and (140).
- the fluoromonomer (PAVE) represented by the general formula (160) includes perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether) [PMVE], perfluoro(ethyl vinyl ether) [PEVE], and perfluoro(propyl vinyl ether) [PPVE]. At least one selected from the group is preferable, and at least one selected from the group consisting of perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether) and perfluoro(propyl vinyl ether) is more preferable.
- fluoromonomer represented by the general formula (100) a fluoromonomer in which Rf 101 is a linear fluoroalkyl group is preferable, and a fluoromonomer in which Rf 101 is a linear perfluoroalkyl group is more preferable.
- Rf 101 preferably has 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- CH2 CFCF3
- CH2 CFCF2CF3
- CH2 CFCF2CF2CF3
- CH2 CFCF2CF2CF2H
- CH 2 CFCF2CF2CF3
- CHF CHCF3 (E-form)
- fluoroalkylethylene General formula (170): CH 2 ⁇ CH—(CF 2 ) n —X 171 (Wherein, X 171 is H or F, and n is an integer of 3 to 10.)
- X 171 is H or F, and n is an integer of 3 to 10.
- Preferred is a fluoroalkylethylene represented by CH 2 ⁇ CH—C 4 F 9 and CH 2 ⁇ CH It is more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of —C 6 F 13 .
- Rf 111 in general formula (171) is the same as Rf 111 in general formula (110).
- Rf 111 is preferably a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a perfluoroalkoxyalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- CF 2 CF-CF 2 --O--CF 3
- CF 2 CF-CF 2 --O--C 2 F 5
- CF 2 CF-CF
- At least one selected from the group consisting of 2 - OC3F7 and CF2 CF- CF2 - OC4F9 is preferred
- CF2 CF- CF2 - OC2
- CF 2 CF-CF 2 -O-CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 is more preferred.
- a monomer having a perfluorovinyl group is preferable in that the deformation of the composition can be reduced and the coefficient of linear expansion can be lowered, such as perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) (PAVE) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP). and at least one selected from the group consisting of perfluoroallyl ether, more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of PAVE and HFP, suppressing deformation during soldering of the composition PAVE is particularly preferred in that it can.
- PAVE perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether)
- HFP hexafluoropropylene
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin preferably contains 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 1.0% by mass or more, and 1.1% by mass, based on the total amount of the copolymerized monomer units. % or more is more preferable.
- the total amount of the copolymerized monomer units is preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, and even more preferably 15% by mass or less based on the total monomer units.
- the amount of the copolymerized monomer units is measured by the 19 F-NMR method.
- polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE
- TFE tetrafluoroethylene
- PAVE perfluoro(alkyl vinyl) ether
- PFA copolymers
- TFE tetrafluoroethylene
- HFP hexafluoropropylene copolymers
- FEP hexafluoropropylene
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin is PFA containing TFE units and PAVE units, it preferably contains 0.1 to 12% by mass of PAVE units based on the total polymer units.
- the amount of PAVE units is more preferably 0.3% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.7% by mass or more, and even more preferably 1.0% by mass or more based on the total polymerized units.
- it is particularly preferably 1.1% by mass or more, more preferably 8.0% by mass or less, further preferably 6.5% by mass or less, and 6.0% by mass or less It is particularly preferred to have The above PAVE unit amount is measured by the 19 F-NMR method.
- the mass ratio of TFE units to HFP units is preferably 70 to 99/1 to 30 (% by mass).
- the mass ratio (TFE/HFP) is more preferably 85-95/5-15 (% by mass).
- the FEP contains HFP units in an amount of 1% by mass or more, preferably 1.1% by mass or more, based on the total monomer units.
- the FEP preferably contains perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) [PAVE] units along with TFE units and HFP units.
- PAVE units contained in the FEP include the same PAVE units as those constituting the PFA described above. Among them, PPVE is preferable.
- the PFA described above does not contain HFP units, and in that respect differs from FEP, which contains PAVE units.
- the mass ratio (TFE/HFP/PAVE) is 70 to 99.8/0.1 to 25/0.1 to 25 (% by mass). Preferably. Within the above range, the heat resistance and chemical resistance are excellent. More preferably, the mass ratio (TFE/HFP/PAVE) is 75-98/1.0-15/1.0-10 (% by mass).
- the FEP contains HFP units and PAVE units in a total amount of 1% by mass or more, preferably 1.1% by mass or more, based on the total monomer units.
- the HFP unit preferably accounts for 25% by mass or less of the total monomer units.
- the content of HFP units is more preferably 20% by mass or less, and even more preferably 18% by mass or less. Particularly preferably, it is 15% by mass or less.
- the content of the HFP unit is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more. Particularly preferably, it is 2% by mass or more.
- the content of HFP units can be measured by the 19 F-NMR method.
- the content of PAVE units is more preferably 20% by mass or less, and even more preferably 10% by mass or less. Especially preferably, it is 3% by mass or less. Moreover, the content of PAVE units is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more.
- the PAVE unit content can be measured by the 19 F-NMR method.
- the FEP may further contain other ethylenic monomer ( ⁇ ) units.
- the other ethylenic monomer ( ⁇ ) unit is not particularly limited as long as it is a monomer unit copolymerizable with TFE, HFP and PAVE. Examples include vinyl fluoride [VF], vinylidene fluoride [VdF ], chlorotrifluoroethylene [CTFE] and the like, and non-fluorinated ethylenic monomers such as ethylene, propylene and alkyl vinyl ether.
- the mass ratio (TFE/HFP/PAVE/other ethylenic monomer ( ⁇ )) is , 70 to 98/0.1 to 25/0.1 to 25/0.1 to 10 (% by mass).
- the FEP contains monomer units other than TFE units in a total amount of 1% by mass or more, preferably 1.1% by mass or more, based on the total monomer units.
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin is also preferably the PFA and the FEP. In other words, it is also possible to mix and use the above PFA and the above FEP.
- the mass ratio of PFA to FEP (PFA/FEP) is preferably 90/10 to 30/70, more preferably 90/10 to 50/50.
- the above PFA and the above FEP can be produced by conventionally known methods such as emulsion polymerization and suspension polymerization by appropriately mixing additives such as monomers and polymerization initiators, which are constituent units thereof, for example. .
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin may be the PTFE.
- the PTFE may be modified polytetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as modified PTFE), homopolytetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as homo-PTFE), or a mixture of modified PTFE and homo-PTFE. There may be.
- modified PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- homo-PTFE homopolytetrafluoroethylene
- the content of modified PTFE in high-molecular-weight PTFE is preferably 10% by weight or more and 98% by weight or less, and 50% by weight or more and 95% by weight or less, from the viewpoint of maintaining good moldability of polytetrafluoroethylene. is more preferable.
- Homo PTFE is not particularly limited, and is disclosed in JP-A-53-60979, JP-A-57-135, JP-A-61-16907, JP-A-62-104816, JP-A-62- 190206, JP-A-63-137906, JP-A-2000-143727, JP-A-2002-201217, International Publication No. 2007/046345, International Publication No. 2007/119829, International Publication No. Homo PTFE disclosed in 2009/001894 pamphlet, WO 2010/113950 pamphlet, WO 2013/027850 pamphlet, etc. can be preferably used.
- JP-A-57-135 having high stretching properties JP-A-63-137906, JP-A-2000-143727, JP-A-2002-201217, WO 2007/046345 pamphlet, Homo PTFE disclosed in International Publication No. 2007/119829, International Publication No. 2010/113950, etc. is preferred.
- Modified PTFE is composed of TFE and monomers other than TFE (hereinafter referred to as modified monomers).
- Modified PTFE includes, but is not limited to, those uniformly modified with a modifying monomer, those modified at the beginning of the polymerization reaction, and those modified at the end of the polymerization reaction.
- the modified PTFE is preferably a TFE copolymer obtained by subjecting TFE and a small amount of a monomer other than TFE to the polymerization within a range that does not significantly impair the properties of the TFE homopolymer.
- Modified PTFE for example, JP-A-60-42446, JP-A-61-16907, JP-A-62-104816, JP-A-62-190206, JP-A-64-1711 , JP-A-2-261810, JP-A-11-240917, JP-A-11-240918, International Publication No. 2003/033555, International Publication No. 2005/061567, International Publication No. 2007/005361, International Publication Those disclosed in No. 2011/055824 pamphlet, International Publication No. 2013/027850 pamphlet, etc. can be preferably used.
- Modified PTFE contains TFE units based on TFE and modified monomer units based on modified monomers.
- a modified monomer unit is a part of the molecular structure of modified PTFE and is derived from the modified monomer.
- Modified PTFE preferably contains modified monomer units in an amount of 0.001 to 0.500% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 0.30% by weight, based on the total monomer units.
- a total monomer unit is a portion derived from all monomers in the molecular structure of modified PTFE.
- the modifying monomer is not particularly limited as long as it can be copolymerized with TFE.
- examples include perfluoroolefins such as hexafluoropropylene (HFP); chlorofluoroolefins such as chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE); Hydrogen-containing fluoroolefins such as ethylene and vinylidene fluoride (VDF); perfluorovinyl ether; perfluoroalkylethylene (PFAE), ethylene and the like.
- HFP hexafluoropropylene
- CTFE chlorofluoroolefins
- VDF Hydrogen-containing fluoroolefins
- VDF vinylidene fluoride
- PFAE perfluoroalkylethylene
- One type of modifying monomer may be used, or a plurality of types may be used.
- the perfluorovinyl ether is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include perfluorounsaturated compounds represented by the following general formula (1).
- CF 2 CF-ORf (1)
- Rf represents a perfluoro organic group.
- a perfluoro organic group is an organic group in which all hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- the perfluoro organic group may have an ether oxygen.
- Perfluorovinyl ethers include, for example, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) (PAVE) in which Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the above general formula (1).
- the perfluoroalkyl group preferably has 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- Examples of perfluoroalkyl groups in PAVE include perfluoromethyl group, perfluoroethyl group, perfluoropropyl group, perfluorobutyl group, perfluoropentyl group, perfluorohexyl group and the like.
- PAVE is preferably perfluoropropyl vinyl ether (PPVE) or perfluoromethyl vinyl ether (PMVE).
- the perfluoroalkylethylene is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include perfluorobutylethylene (PFBE) and perfluorohexylethylene (PFHE).
- the modified monomer in modified PTFE is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of HFP, CTFE, VDF, PAVE, PFAE and ethylene.
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin is not melt-moldable.
- non-melt-moldable means a resin that does not have sufficient fluidity even when heated above its melting point and cannot be molded by a melt-molding method generally used for resins. . PTFE corresponds to this.
- the PTFE preferably has an SSG of 2.0 to 2.3.
- SSG strength (cohesion and puncture strength per unit thickness).
- PTFE having a large molecular weight has long molecular chains, it is difficult to form a structure in which the molecular chains are regularly arranged. In this case, the length of the amorphous part increases, and the degree of entanglement between molecules increases. It is believed that when the degree of molecular entanglement is high, the PTFE membrane is resistant to deformation under applied load and exhibits excellent mechanical strength. Also, using PTFE with a large molecular weight tends to result in a PTFE membrane with a small average pore size.
- the lower limit of SSG is more preferably 2.05, even more preferably 2.1.
- the upper limit of SSG is more preferably 2.25, even more preferably 2.2.
- the standard specific gravity [SSG] is obtained by preparing a sample according to ASTM D-4895-89 and measuring the specific gravity of the obtained sample by the water substitution method.
- the molecular weight (number average molecular weight) of PTFE constituting the PTFE powder is, for example, in the range of 2 million to 12 million.
- the lower limit of the molecular weight of PTFE may be 3,000,000 or 4,000,000.
- the upper limit of the molecular weight of PTFE may be 10,000,000.
- Methods of measuring the number average molecular weight of PTFE include a method of determining from standard specific gravity and a method of measuring dynamic viscoelasticity during melting.
- the method of determining from the standard specific gravity can be carried out by using a sample molded according to ASTM D-4895 98 and a water replacement method according to ASTM D-792. Measurement methods based on dynamic viscoelasticity are described, for example, in S. et al. Wu, Polymer Engineering & Science, 1988, Vol. 28, 538, and the same document 1989, Vol. 29, 273.
- the PTFE preferably has a refractive index within the range of 1.2 to 1.6. Having such a refractive index is preferable in terms of low dielectric.
- the refractive index can be adjusted within the above range by adjusting the polarizability and the flexibility of the main chain.
- the lower limit of the refractive index is more preferably 1.25, more preferably 1.30, most preferably 1.32.
- the upper limit of the refractive index is more preferably 1.55, more preferably 1.50, most preferably 1.45.
- the above refractive index is a value measured using a refractometer (Abbemat 300).
- the PTFE preferably has a maximum endothermic peak temperature (crystalline melting point) of 340 ⁇ 7°C.
- PTFE is a low-melting PTFE having a maximum peak temperature of 338°C or less in an endothermic curve on a crystal melting curve measured with a differential scanning calorimeter, and a PTFE having a maximum peak temperature of 342°C in an endothermic curve on a crystal melting curve measured with a differential scanning calorimeter.
- C. or higher melting point PTFE may be used.
- Low-melting PTFE is a powder produced by emulsion polymerization, has the maximum endothermic peak temperature (crystalline melting point), a dielectric constant ( ⁇ ) of 2.08 to 2.2, and a dielectric loss tangent (tan ⁇ ) is between 1.9 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 and 4.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 .
- Examples of commercially available products include Polyflon Fine Powder F201, F203, F205, F301 and F302 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.; CD090 and CD076 manufactured by Asahi Glass Industry Co., Ltd.; TF6C and TF62 manufactured by DuPont; Examples include TF40.
- the high-melting-point PTFE powder is also a powder produced by emulsion polymerization, and has the maximum endothermic peak temperature (crystalline melting point), a dielectric constant ( ⁇ ) of 2.0 to 2.1, and a dielectric loss tangent ( tan ⁇ ) is generally low from 1.6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 to 2.2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 .
- Examples of commercial products include Polyflon Fine Powder F104 and F106 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.; CD1, CD141 and CD123 manufactured by Asahi Glass Industry Co., Ltd.; and TF6 and TF65 manufactured by DuPont.
- the average particle diameter of the powder obtained by secondary aggregation of both PTFE polymer particles is preferably 250 to 2000 ⁇ m.
- a granulated powder obtained by granulating with a solvent is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the flowability when filling a mold for preforming.
- PTFE in powder form that satisfies the above parameters can be obtained by a conventional manufacturing method.
- it may be produced following the production methods described in International Publication No. 2015/080291, International Publication No. 2012/086710, and the like.
- the powdery PTFE preferably has a primary particle size of 0.05 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the primary particle size is a value measured according to ASTM D4895.
- the powdery PTFE preferably contains 50% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, of a polytetrafluoroethylene resin having a secondary particle size of 500 ⁇ m or more.
- PTFE having a secondary particle size of 500 ⁇ m or more within the above range is advantageous in that a high-strength mixture sheet can be produced.
- the lower limit of the secondary particle size is more preferably 300 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 350 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the secondary particle size is more preferably 700 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 600 ⁇ m or less.
- the secondary particle size can be determined by, for example, a sieving method.
- the powdery PTFE preferably has an average primary particle size of 50 nm or more, since a fluororesin sheet having higher strength and excellent homogeneity can be obtained. It is more preferably 100 nm or more, still more preferably 150 nm or more, and particularly preferably 200 nm or more.
- the larger the average primary particle size of PTFE the more the powder can be used for paste extrusion molding, and the higher the paste extrusion pressure can be suppressed, and the moldability is also excellent.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, it may be 500 nm. From the viewpoint of productivity in the polymerization process, it is preferably 350 nm.
- the average primary particle size is calculated by using an aqueous dispersion of PTFE obtained by polymerization and adjusting the polymer concentration to 0.22% by mass. Create a calibration curve with the average primary particle diameter determined by measuring the directional diameter in the electron micrograph, measure the transmittance of the aqueous dispersion to be measured, and determine based on the calibration curve. can.
- PTFE for use in the present disclosure may have a core-shell structure.
- PTFE having a core-shell structure include modified polytetrafluoroethylene containing a core of high-molecular-weight polytetrafluoroethylene and a shell of lower-molecular-weight polytetrafluoroethylene or modified polytetrafluoroethylene in the particles. mentioned.
- modified polytetrafluoroethylene include polytetrafluoroethylene described in JP-T-2005-527652.
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin preferably has less than 200, more preferably less than 120, even more preferably less than 70 unstable terminal groups per 1 ⁇ 10 6 carbon atoms.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited. Within the above range, the electrical properties are better.
- the unstable terminal group is at least one selected from the group consisting of —COF, —COOH, —COOCH 3 , —CONH 2 and —CH 2 OH present at the main chain terminal of the perfluoro-based fluororesin. Preferably. They may be associated with water.
- the number of unstable terminal groups can be reduced, for example, by fluorinating the perfluoro-based fluororesin.
- the fluorination treatment can be carried out by a known method, for example, by contacting a fluorine-containing compound with an unfluorinated fluororesin.
- fluorine-containing compound fluorine radical sources that generate fluorine radicals under fluorination treatment conditions, such as F2 gas , CoF3 , AgF2 , UF6 , OF2 , N2F2 , CF3 OF, halogen fluoride (eg IF 5 , ClF 3 ), and the like.
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin preferably has a melting point of 240 to 340°C. Thereby, melt-kneading can be easily performed.
- the melting point of the perfluoro-based fluororesin is more preferably 318° C. or lower, still more preferably 315° C. or lower, and more preferably 245° C. or higher, still more preferably 250° C. or higher.
- the melting point of the perfluoro-based fluororesin is the temperature corresponding to the maximum value in the heat of fusion curve when the temperature is raised at a rate of 10° C./min using a differential scanning calorimeter [DSC].
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin preferably has a melt flow rate (MFR) at 372° C. of 0.1 to 100 g/10 minutes. Thereby, melt-kneading can be easily performed.
- MFR is more preferably 0.5 g/10 minutes or more, still more preferably 1.5 g/10 minutes or more, more preferably 80 g/10 minutes or less, and even more preferably 40 g/10 minutes or less.
- MFR is measured by using a melt indexer (manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) in accordance with ASTM D1238 and measuring the mass (g /10 minutes).
- the dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent of the perfluoro-based fluororesin are not particularly limited, and at 25° C. and a frequency of 10 GHz, the dielectric constant is preferably 4.5 or less, preferably 4.0 or less. It is preferably 3.5 or less, more preferably 2.5 or less.
- the dielectric loss tangent should be 0.01 or less, preferably 0.008 or less, and more preferably 0.005 or less. Although the lower limits thereof are not particularly limited, for example, the dielectric constant may be 1.0 or more and the dielectric loss tangent may be 0.0001 or more.
- the content of the perfluoro-based fluororesin is preferably 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, still more preferably 80% by mass or more, and preferably 99.9%. % by mass or less, more preferably 99.0% by mass or less.
- the zinc oxide preferably has an average particle size of 0.01 to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the average particle size is more preferably 0.02 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 0.03 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the average particle size is more preferably 0.50 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 0.30 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size is a value measured by a laser diffraction/scattering method.
- the zinc oxide may be surface-treated, for example, surface-treated with silicon oxide (preferably hydrated silicon oxide), i.e., a coating layer of silicon oxide is formed on the surface.
- silicon oxide preferably hydrated silicon oxide
- a coating layer of silicon oxide is formed on the surface.
- the surface activity of the zinc oxide is suppressed by the silicon oxide coating layer, the electrical properties of the composition of the present disclosure are less likely to deteriorate due to the zinc oxide, and the electrical properties of the composition of the present disclosure are improved.
- the amount of the coating layer formed of the silicon oxide is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 2% by mass or more, and preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably, relative to the zinc oxide. It is 20% by mass or less. If it is less than 1% by mass, the surface activity of the zinc oxide cannot be sufficiently suppressed, and if it exceeds 50% by mass, the dispersibility of the zinc oxide tends to decrease.
- the surface treatment of the zinc oxide with the silicon oxide can be carried out, for example, by the method described in paragraphs [0020] to [0022] of JP-A-11-302015.
- Zinc oxide surface-treated by this method has, for example, a solubility of 2 ppm or less of Zn in pure water at 25° C. and a solubility of 20 ppm or less of Zn in an aqueous solution of 0.0005% by mass of sulfuric acid.
- these solubility can be measured by atomic absorption spectrometry.
- Commercial products of zinc oxide particles having such a coating layer made of silicon oxide include “NANOFINE” (registered trademark) 50-LP, 100-LP manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., and the like.
- the zinc oxide may form a silicon oxide coating layer (first coating layer) by the method described above, and then form a second coating layer thereon.
- the second coating layer include those formed using at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, Zr, Sn, Sb and rare earth elements.
- the rare earth elements include yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, and neodymium.
- the second coating layer can be formed, for example, by the method described in paragraphs [0025] to [0028] of JP-A-11-302015.
- the amount of the second coating layer is preferably 0.5% by mass or more, more preferably 2% by mass or more, and preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 15% by mass, relative to the zinc oxide. % or less.
- the surface of the zinc oxide may be further treated with organopolysiloxane after forming the first coating layer or the second coating layer.
- the organopolysiloxane used for such surface treatment is usually in the range of 1 to 20 parts by mass, preferably in the range of 3 to 10 parts by mass, based on the zinc oxide.
- the organopolysiloxane for example, dimethylpolysiloxane and methylhydrogenpolysiloxane are preferably used.
- the zinc oxide content in the composition is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and still more preferably 0.1% by mass or more. It is 5.0% by mass or less, more preferably 4.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 3.0% by mass or less.
- the composition of the present disclosure has preferably less than 200, more preferably 100 or less, and still more preferably 20 or less clusters of 10 ⁇ m or more of zinc oxide per 1 mm 2 area in image analysis of laser microscope observation. .
- the lower limit is not particularly limited. Within this range, the zinc oxide is well dispersed, and the UV laser processability is particularly good.
- the image analysis of the laser microscope observation is performed by the method described in Examples below.
- compositions of the present disclosure may optionally contain other ingredients.
- Other components include fillers, cross-linking agents, antistatic agents, heat stabilizers, foaming agents, foam nucleating agents, antioxidants, surfactants, photopolymerization initiators, antiwear agents, surface modifiers, resins Additives such as liquid crystal polymers (except for the above-mentioned modified fluororesin) can be used.
- Inorganic fillers other than zinc oxide are preferred as the other components.
- an effect of improving the strength, an effect of lowering the coefficient of linear expansion, and the like can be obtained.
- the inorganic filler preferably does not have ultraviolet absorbability. Having no ultraviolet absorption means that the absorbance of light having a wavelength of 355 nm is less than 0.1.
- the absorbance of the light is measured using an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer (for example, "V-770" manufactured by JASCO Corporation) for the inorganic filler powder filled to a thickness of 100 ⁇ m. This is the value when measured in the reflection arrangement.
- the inorganic filler preferably has a dielectric constant of 5.0 or less at 25° C. and 1 GHz and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.01 or less at 25° C. and 1 GHz.
- the dielectric constant may be 1.0 or more and the dielectric loss tangent may be 0.0001 or more.
- the inorganic filler examples include silica (more specifically, crystalline silica, fused silica, spherical fused silica, etc.), titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, tin oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron nitride, calcium carbonate,
- examples include inorganic compounds (excluding zinc oxide) such as calcium silicate, potassium titanate, aluminum nitride, indium oxide, alumina, antimony oxide, cerium oxide, magnesium oxide, iron oxide, and tin-doped indium oxide (ITO).
- minerals such as montmorillonite, talc, mica, boehmite, kaolin, smectite, xonolite, verculite, and sericite.
- inorganic fillers include carbon compounds such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, and carbon nanotubes; metal hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide; various glasses such as glass beads, glass flakes, and glass balloons. etc. can be mentioned.
- the inorganic filler may be one kind, or two or more kinds. Further, the inorganic filler may be used as a powder as it is, or may be used after being dispersed in a resin.
- the inorganic filler at least one selected from the group consisting of silica, boron nitride, talc, and aluminum hydroxide is preferable, and silica is particularly preferable, in terms of the effect of improving the strength and the effect of lowering the coefficient of linear expansion. .
- the shape of the inorganic filler is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, granular, spherical, scale-like, needle-like, columnar, conical, frustum-like, polyhedral, hollow, or the like.
- it is preferably spherical, cubic, bowl-shaped, disk-shaped, octahedral, scale-shaped, rod-shaped, plate-shaped, rod-shaped, tetrapod-shaped, or hollow, and spherical, cubic, octahedral, plate-shaped, More preferably, it is hollow.
- the anisotropic fillers in a scale-like or needle-like shape, higher adhesion can be obtained.
- Spherical fillers are preferable because they have a small surface area, so that they can reduce the influence on the properties of the fluororesin, and increase the degree of viscosity increase when blended in a liquid.
- the content of the inorganic filler is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, relative to the composition. is 60% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, and still more preferably 40% by mass or less.
- the inorganic filler preferably has an average particle size of 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m. When the average particle size is within the above range, less aggregation can be achieved and good surface roughness can be obtained.
- the lower limit of the average particle size is more preferably 0.2 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the average particle size is more preferably 5 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 2 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size is a value measured by a laser diffraction/scattering method.
- the inorganic filler preferably has a maximum particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the maximum particle size is 10 ⁇ m or less, there is little aggregation and the dispersion state is good. Furthermore, the surface roughness of the obtained fluororesin material can be reduced. More preferably, the maximum particle size is 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the maximum particle size was determined from image data of 200 randomly selected particles by taking SEM (scanning electron microscope) photographs and using image analysis software for SEM.
- the inorganic filler may be surface-treated, for example, may be surface-treated with a silicone compound.
- the dielectric constant of the inorganic filler can be lowered by surface treatment with the above silicone compound.
- the silicone compound is not particularly limited, and conventionally known silicone compounds can be used. For example, it preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of silane coupling agents and organosilazanes.
- the surface treatment amount of the silicone compound is preferably 0.1 to 10, more preferably 0.3 to 7, per unit surface area (nm 2 ) of the reaction amount of the surface treatment agent on the surface of the inorganic filler. more preferred.
- the inorganic filler preferably has a specific surface area measured by the BET method of 1.0 to 25.0 m 2 /g, more preferably 1.0 to 10.0 m 2 /g, and 2.0 m 2 /g. More preferably ⁇ 6.4 m 2 /g.
- the specific surface area is within the above range, the aggregation of the inorganic filler in the fluororesin material is small and the surface is smooth, which is preferable.
- the composition of the present disclosure has a dielectric constant at 25° C. and 10 GHz of preferably 5.0 or less, more preferably 4.0 or less, and even more preferably 3.5 or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly set, it may be 1.0, for example.
- the composition of the present disclosure has a dielectric loss tangent at 25° C. and 10 GHz of preferably 0.003 or less, more preferably 0.002 or less, and even more preferably 0.0015 or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, it may be, for example, 0.0001 or more.
- the increase rate of the dielectric loss tangent of the composition of the present disclosure is preferably 330% or less, more preferably 310% or less, still more preferably 300 % or less, and may be 0%.
- the composition of the present disclosure can be suitably produced by a production method of melt-kneading the perfluoro-based fluororesin and the zinc oxide to obtain the composition.
- the present disclosure also provides the above manufacturing method.
- the composition of the present disclosure may be produced by methods other than the production method described above, such as injection molding, blow molding, inflation molding, and vacuum/pressure molding. Moreover, as long as it is in a state of being dispersed or dissolved in a solvent, it may be produced by a paste extrusion method, a casting method, or the like.
- An apparatus used for the melt-kneading is not particularly limited, and a twin-screw extruder, a single-screw extruder, a multi-screw extruder, a tandem extruder, or the like can be used.
- the melt-kneading time is preferably 1 to 1800 seconds, more preferably 60 to 1200 seconds. If the time is too long, the fluororesin may deteriorate, and if the time is too short, the zinc oxide may not be sufficiently dispersed.
- the melt-kneading temperature may be higher than the melting points of the perfluoro-based fluororesin and zinc oxide, preferably 240 to 450°C, more preferably 260 to 400°C.
- the present inventors have found that the composition of the present disclosure containing a perfluoro-based fluororesin and zinc oxide is excellent in UV laser processability and electrical properties (low dielectric constant, etc.), and also has good dispersibility. . These properties are suitable for circuit board materials. That is, the composition of the present disclosure is suitably used as an insulating material (in particular, a low dielectric material) for circuit boards.
- the term “low dielectric material” means a material having a dielectric constant of 5.0 or less at 25° C. and 10 GHz and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.003 or less at 25° C. and 10 GHz.
- a material having a dielectric constant of 4.0 or less at 10 GHz and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.002 or less at 25 ° C. and 10 GHz is more preferable, and a dielectric constant of 3.5 or less at 25 ° C. and 10 GHz and 25 ° C. , 10 GHz dielectric loss tangent of 0.0015 or less is more preferred.
- the circuit board of the present disclosure has the composition of the present disclosure described above and a conductive layer.
- a metal as the conductive layer.
- the metal include copper, stainless steel, aluminum, iron, silver, gold, and ruthenium. Alloys of these can also be used. Among them, copper is preferable.
- the copper rolled copper, electrolytic copper, or the like can be used.
- the metal preferably has a surface roughness Rz of 2.0 ⁇ m or less on the composition-side surface. This improves the transmission loss when the composition and the metal are joined together.
- the surface roughness Rz is more preferably 1.8 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more.
- the surface roughness Rz is a value (maximum height roughness) calculated by the method of JIS C 6515-1998.
- the thickness of the conductive layer may be, for example, 2 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the conductive layer may be provided on only one side of the layer containing the composition of the present disclosure, or may be provided on both sides.
- the film thickness of the layer containing the composition of the present disclosure may be, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 1 mm, preferably 1 to 500 ⁇ m. It is more preferably 150 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the circuit board of the present disclosure may be obtained by laminating a resin other than the perfluoro-based fluororesin on the composition of the present disclosure and the conductive layer.
- thermosetting resin As the resin other than the perfluoro-based fluororesin, a thermosetting resin can be preferably used.
- the thermosetting resin is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of polyimide, modified polyimide, epoxy resin, and thermosetting modified polyphenylene ether. Epoxy resins and thermosetting modified polyphenylene ethers are more preferred.
- the resin other than the perfluoro-based fluororesin may be a resin other than a thermosetting resin.
- the resin other than the thermosetting resin at least one selected from the group consisting of liquid crystal polymer, polyphenylene ether, thermoplastically modified polyphenylene ether, cycloolefin polymer, cycloolefin copolymer, polystyrene, and syndiotactic polystyrene is preferred.
- the thickness of the resin other than the perfluoro-based fluororesin is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and is preferably 2000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1500 ⁇ m or less. It should be noted that the resin other than the perfluoro-based fluororesin is preferably in the form of a sheet having a substantially constant thickness. The thickness of the fluororesin was measured at 10 equally spaced points in the longitudinal direction, and the values were averaged.
- the thickness of the circuit board of the present disclosure is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, and is preferably 5000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 3000 ⁇ m or less. It should be noted that the shape of the circuit board of the present disclosure is preferably a sheet-like shape with a substantially constant thickness. Measure the thickness of each and average them.
- the circuit board of the present disclosure is suitably used as a printed board, a laminated circuit board (multilayer board), and a high frequency board.
- a high-frequency circuit board is a circuit board that can operate even in a high-frequency band.
- the high frequency band may be a band of 1 GHz or higher, preferably a band of 3 GHz or higher, and more preferably a band of 5 GHz or higher.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, it may be a band of 100 GHz or less.
- the circuit board of the present disclosure is preferably a sheet.
- the thickness of the circuit board of the present disclosure is preferably 10-3500 ⁇ m, more preferably 20-3000 ⁇ m.
- the present disclosure is also a fluororesin sheet that can be obtained by forming a film from the composition of the present disclosure described above.
- the film formation method is not limited, it can be performed by paste extrusion molding, powder rolling molding, or the like.
- the fluororesin sheet of the present disclosure can be suitably produced by a production method of obtaining the fluororesin sheet by subjecting the composition of the present disclosure described above to paste extrusion molding or powder rolling molding.
- the present disclosure also provides the above manufacturing method.
- the perfluoro-based fluororesin used for the fluororesin sheet of the present disclosure it is preferable to use a perfluoro-based fluororesin that cannot be melt-molded.
- a perfluoro-based fluororesin it is preferable to mold by fibrillating powdery PTFE as a raw material.
- paste extrusion molding and powder rolling molding are not particularly limited, but general methods are described below.
- the method for producing the fluororesin sheet comprises a step (1a) of mixing a perfluoro-based fluororesin (preferably PTFE powder) obtained using a hydrocarbon-based surfactant, zinc oxide, and an extrusion aid, Step (1b) of paste extrusion molding the resulting mixture, step (1c) of rolling the extrudate obtained by extrusion, step (1d) of drying the sheet after rolling, and baking the dried sheet to form It may include a step (1e) of obtaining a body.
- the paste extrusion molding can also be carried out by adding conventionally known additives such as pigments and fillers to the PTFE powder.
- the extrusion aid is not particularly limited, and generally known ones can be used. For example, hydrocarbon oil etc. are mentioned.
- the fluororesin sheet can also be formed by powder rolling.
- Powder rolling molding is a method of fibrillating resin powder by imparting a shearing force to the resin powder, thereby molding it into a sheet. After that, it may include a step of obtaining a compact by firing. More specifically, Step (1) of applying a shearing force while mixing a raw material composition containing a perfluoro-based fluororesin and zinc oxide.
- Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 The fluororesin and the inorganic filler were melt-kneaded (time: 600 seconds, temperature: 350° C.) at the ratios (mass %) shown in Table 1 using a Laboplastomill mixer to obtain a composition. The resulting compositions were extruded at processing temperatures shown in Table 1 to obtain sheets of thicknesses shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 the sheet obtained in Example 1 was laminated with copper foil (electrolytic copper, thickness: 9 ⁇ m, surface roughness Rz on the side to be joined to the sheet: 1.5 ⁇ m), heating temperature: 320 ° C., Pressure: By pressing for 5 minutes at 15 kN, a joined body in which the sheet was joined to one side of the copper foil was obtained.
- copper foil electrolytic copper, thickness: 9 ⁇ m, surface roughness Rz on the side to be joined to the sheet: 1.5 ⁇ m
- heating temperature 320 ° C.
- Pressure By pressing for 5 minutes at 15 kN, a joined body in which the sheet was joined to one side of the copper foil was obtained.
- Example 8 PTFE and zinc oxide (1) in the proportions (% by mass) shown in Table 1, and 22 parts of auxiliary agent IP2028 were mixed and stirred at room temperature and aged for 16 hours. 1 mm, width 100 mm) at 40° C. to obtain a sheet. The obtained sheet was roll-rolled to prepare a sheet having a thickness shown in Table 1, and the sheet was baked at 360° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a sheet for evaluation.
- ⁇ Less than 20 zinc oxide lumps of 10 ⁇ m or more in image analysis of laser microscope observation ⁇ : 20 or more and less than 200 zinc oxide lumps of 10 ⁇ m or more in image analysis of laser microscope observation , Uniform by visual evaluation ⁇ : The number of lumps of zinc oxide of 10 ⁇ m or more is 200 or more by image analysis of laser microscope observation, and uneven by visual evaluation Note that titanium oxide is blended instead of zinc oxide. In Comparative Example 3, titanium oxide was evaluated in the same manner as described above.
- Example 1 Comparative permittivity (Dk), dielectric loss tangent (Df)
- Dk relative permittivity
- Df dielectric loss tangent
- the sheets of Example 1, Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4 were measured using a split-cylinder dielectric constant/dielectric loss tangent measuring device (manufactured by EM lab) at 25°C and 10 GHz. was measured. Also, for the measured Df, the rate of increase relative to the Df of the resin alone (Df before addition of the inorganic filler) was calculated according to the following formula.
- Example 1 has Dk: 2.06, Df: 0.00084, Df increase rate: 171%
- Example 2 has Dk: 2.02, Df: 0.00122, Df increase rate: 294%
- Comparative Example 3 has Dk: 2.12, Df: 0.00150, Df increase rate: 384%
- Comparative Example 4 has Dk: 2.22, Df: 0.0132, Df increase rate: ⁇ 1%, Met.
- the rate of increase in Df was low, the value of Df was high.
- [Increase rate calculation formula] (Increase rate/%) (Df2-Df1) x 100/Df1 Df2: Df/- after addition of inorganic filler
- Df1 Df/- before addition of inorganic filler
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Abstract
Description
当該「有機基」の例は、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアルキニル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいシクロアルキル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいシクロアルケニル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいシクロアルカジエニル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアリール基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアラルキル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族複素環基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいヘテロアリール基、
シアノ基、
ホルミル基、
RaO-、
RaCO-、
RaSO2-、
RaCOO-、
RaNRaCO-、
RaCONRa-、
RaOCO-、
RaOSO2-、及び、
RaNRbSO2-
(これらの式中、Raは、独立して、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアルキニル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいシクロアルキル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいシクロアルケニル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいシクロアルカジエニル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアリール基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアラルキル基、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族複素環基、又は、
1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいヘテロアリール基、
Rbは、独立して、H又は1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基である)
を包含する。
上記有機基としては、1個以上の置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基が好ましい。
本開示の組成物は、酸化亜鉛を含むことから、パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂を含んでいるにも関わらず、UVレーザ加工性に優れる。
また、特許文献1に記載された酸化チタン等を配合した場合、パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂の電気特性が損なわれるおそれがあるが、酸化亜鉛は、電気特性への影響が少ないという利点がある。そのため、UVレーザ加工性に優れるだけでなく、電気特性も良好であるため、高周波基板等に好適な組成物となる。なお、酸化亜鉛を含むフッ素樹脂が特許文献2に記載されているが、特許文献2のフッ素樹脂は農業用ハウスフィルムとして使用されるもので、電気特性の評価はなく、上記利点は示されていなかった。
さらに、酸化亜鉛は、熱に強いため、溶融混練でフッ素樹脂と混合することができる。溶融混練を行うことで、フッ素樹脂中に酸化亜鉛を良好に分散させ、UVレーザ加工性をより向上させることができる。
加えて、本開示の組成物は、パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂を使用しているため、エチレン/テトラフルオロエチレン共重合体(ETFE)等の他のフッ素樹脂と比較して、良好な電気特性が得られる。
上記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂としては、パーフルオロモノマーであるテトラフルオロエチレン[TFE]の重合体や、TFEと共重合可能な共重合モノマーとの共重合体等を用いることができる。
なお、本明細書において、上記「パーフルオロモノマー」とは、炭素原子に結合する水素原子が全てフッ素原子に置換されてなるモノマーを意味する。
一般式(110):CF2=CF-ORf111
(式中、Rf111は、パーフルオロ有機基を表す。)で表されるフルオロモノマー、
一般式(120):CF2=CF-OCH2-Rf121
(式中、Rf121は、炭素数1~5のパーフルオロアルキル基)で表されるフルオロモノマー、
一般式(130):CF2=CFOCF2ORf131
(式中、Rf131は炭素数1~6の直鎖又は分岐状パーフルオロアルキル基、炭素数5~6の環式パーフルオロアルキル基、1~3個の酸素原子を含む炭素数2~6の直鎖又は分岐状パーフルオロオキシアルキル基である。)で表されるフルオロモノマー、
一般式(140):CF2=CFO(CF2CF(Y141)O)m(CF2)nF
(式中、Y141はフッ素原子又はトリフルオロメチル基を表す。mは1~4の整数である。nは1~4の整数である。)で表されるフルオロモノマー、及び、
一般式(150):CF2=CF-O-(CF2CFY151-O)n-(CFY152)m-A151
(式中、Y151は、フッ素原子、塩素原子、-SO2F基又はパーフルオロアルキル基を表す。パーフルオロアルキル基は、エーテル性の酸素及び-SO2F基を含んでもよい。nは、0~3の整数を表す。n個のY151は、同一であってもよいし異なっていてもよい。Y152は、フッ素原子、塩素原子又は-SO2F基を表す。mは、1~5の整数を表す。m個のY152は、同一であってもよいし異なっていてもよい。A151は、-SO2X151、-COZ151又は-POZ152Z153を表す。X151は、F、Cl、Br、I、-OR151又は-NR152R153を表す。Z151、Z152及びZ153は、同一又は異なって、-NR154R155又は-OR156を表す。R151、R152、R153、R154、R155及びR156は、同一又は異なって、H、アンモニウム、アルカリ金属、フッ素原子を含んでも良いアルキル基、アリール基、若しくはスルホニル含有基を表す。)で表されるフルオロモノマー
からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。
一般式(110)で表されるフルオロモノマーとしては、更に、上記一般式(110)において、Rf111が炭素数4~9のパーフルオロ(アルコキシアルキル)基であるもの、Rf111が下記式:
一般式(160):CF2=CF-ORf161
(式中、Rf161は、炭素数1~10のパーフルオロアルキル基を表す。)で表されるフルオロモノマーがより好ましい。Rf161は、炭素数が1~5のパーフルオロアルキル基であることが好ましい。
一般式(170):CH2=CH-(CF2)n-X171
(式中、X171はH又はFであり、nは3~10の整数である。)で表されるフルオロアルキルエチレンが好ましく、CH2=CH-C4F9、及び、CH2=CH-C6F13からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であることがより好ましい。
一般式(171):CF2=CF-CF2-ORf111
(式中、Rf111は、パーフルオロ有機基を表す。)で表されるフルオロモノマーが挙げられる。
上記共重合モノマー単位の量は、19F-NMR法により測定する。
なお、上記PAVE単位の量は、19F-NMR法により測定する。
上記FEPは、HFP単位を全単量体単位の1質量%以上、好ましくは1.1質量%以上含む。
上記FEPに含まれるPAVE単位としては、上述したPFAを構成するPAVE単位と同様のものを挙げることができる。なかでも、PPVEが好ましい。
上述したPFAは、HFP単位を含まないので、その点で、PAVE単位を含むFEPとは異なる。
上記質量比(TFE/HFP/PAVE)は、75~98/1.0~15/1.0~10(質量%)であることがより好ましい。
上記FEPは、HFP単位及びPAVE単位を合計で全単量体単位の1質量%以上、好ましくは1.1質量%以上含む。
HFP単位の含有量が上述の範囲内であると、耐熱性に優れた組成物を得ることができる。
HFP単位の含有量は、20質量%以下がより好ましく、18質量%以下が更に好ましい。特に好ましくは15質量%以下である。また、HFP単位の含有量は、0.1質量%以上が好ましく、1質量%以上がより好ましい。特に好ましくは、2質量%以上である。
なお、HFP単位の含有量は、19F-NMR法により測定することができる。
他のエチレン性単量体(α)単位としては、TFE、HFP及びPAVEと共重合可能な単量体単位であれば特に限定されず、例えば、フッ化ビニル[VF]、フッ化ビニリデン[VdF]、クロロトリフルオロエチレン[CTFE]等の含フッ素エチレン性単量体や、エチレン、プロピレン、アルキルビニルエーテル等の非フッ素化エチレン性単量体等が挙げられる。
上記FEPは、TFE単位以外の単量体単位を合計で全単量体単位の1質量%以上、好ましくは1.1質量%以上含む。
CF2=CF-ORf・・・(1)
二次粒子径が500μm以上のPTFEを用いることで、より抵抗が低く、靭性に富んだ合剤シートを得ることができる。
PTFEの平均一次粒子径が大きいほど、その粉末を用いてペースト押出成形をする際に、ペースト押出圧力の上昇を抑えられ、成形性にも優れる。上限は特に限定されないが500nmであってよい。重合工程における生産性の観点からは、350nmであることが好ましい。
なお、上記不安定末端基は、上記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂の主鎖末端に存在する-COF、-COOH、-COOCH3、-CONH2及び-CH2OHからなる群より選択する少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。これらは、水と会合していてもよい。
上記フッ素化処理は公知の方法により行うことができ、例えば、フッ素化処理されていないフッ素樹脂とフッ素含有化合物とを接触させることにより行うことができる。
また、上記フッ素含有化合物としては、フッ素化処理条件下にてフッ素ラジカルを発生するフッ素ラジカル源、例えば、F2ガス、CoF3、AgF2、UF6、OF2、N2F2、CF3OF、及び、フッ化ハロゲン(例えばIF5、ClF3)等が挙げられる。
N=I×K/t (A)
I:吸光度
K:補正係数
t:フィルムの厚さ(mm)
上記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂の融点は、より好ましくは318℃以下、更に好ましくは315℃以下であり、また、より好ましくは245℃以上、更に好ましくは250℃以上である。
なお、パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂の融点は、示差走査熱量計〔DSC〕を用いて10℃/分の速度で昇温したときの融解熱曲線における極大値に対応する温度である。
MFRは、0.5g/10分以上がより好ましく、1.5g/10分以上が更に好ましく、80g/10分以下がより好ましく、40g/10分以下が更に好ましい。
MFRは、ASTM D1238に従って、メルトインデクサー((株)安田精機製作所製)を用いて、372℃、5kg荷重下で内径2mm、長さ8mmのノズルから10分間あたりに流出するポリマーの質量(g/10分)として得られる値である。
上記平均粒子径は、レーザ回折・散乱法によって測定した値である。
このようなケイ素酸化物からなる被覆層を有する酸化亜鉛粒子の市販品として、堺化学工業(株)製の「NANOFINE」(登録商標)50-LP、100-LPなどが挙げられる。
上記レーザ顕微鏡観察の画像解析は、後述の実施例の方法で行う。
なお、上記光の吸光度は、紫外可視近赤外分光光度計(例えば、日本分光株式会社製「V-770」)を用いて、厚み100μmとなるように充填した上記無機フィラーの粉末に対し、反射配置で測定した際の値である。
また、上記無機フィラーは、粉体をそのまま使用してもよく、樹脂中に分散させたものを用いてもよい。
上記平均粒子径は、レーザ回折・散乱法によって測定した値である。
上記シリコーン化合物としては特に限定されず、従来公知のシリコーン化合物を使用することができる。例えば、シランカップリング剤及びオルガノシラザンからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を含むことが好ましい。
上記シリコーン化合物の表面処理量は、無機フィラー表面への表面処理剤の反応量が単位表面積(nm2)あたり0.1~10個であることが好ましく、0.3~7個であることがより好ましい。
また、上記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂の25℃、10GHzの誘電正接に対して、本開示の組成物の誘電正接の増加率は、好ましくは330%以下、より好ましくは310%以下、更に好ましくは300%以下であり、0%であってもよい。
なお、本開示の組成物は、上記製造方法以外の方法、例えば、射出成形、ブロー成形、インフレーション成形、真空・圧空成形で製造されてもよい。また、溶媒に分散又は溶解させた状態であれば、ペースト押出、キャスト法等で製造されてもよい。
上記溶融混練の温度は、上記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂及び上記酸化亜鉛の融点以上であればよいが、240~450℃が好ましく、260~400℃がより好ましい。
すなわち、本開示の組成物は、回路基板の絶縁材料(特に、低誘電材料)として好適に用いられる。
なお、本明細書において、「低誘電材料」は、25℃、10GHzの比誘電率が5.0以下、かつ、25℃、10GHzの誘電正接が0.003以下である材料を意味し、25℃、10GHzの比誘電率が4.0以下、かつ25℃、10GHzの誘電正接が0.002以下である材料がより好ましく、25℃、10GHzの比誘電率が3.5以下、かつ25℃、10GHzの誘電正接が0.0015以下である材料が更に好ましい。
上記金属としては、銅、ステンレス、アルミニウム、鉄、銀、金、ルテニウム等が挙げられる。また、これらの合金も使用可能である。なかでも、銅が好ましい。
上記表面粗度Rzは、より好ましくは1.8μm以下、更に好ましくは1.5μm以下であり、また、より好ましくは0.3μm以上、更に好ましくは0.5μm以上である。
なお、上記表面粗度Rzは、JIS C 6515-1998の方法で算出される値(最大高さ粗さ)である。
上記熱硬化性樹脂は、ポリイミド、変性ポリイミド、エポキシ樹脂、熱硬化性変性ポリフェニレンエーテルからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であることが好ましく、エポキシ樹脂、変性ポリイミド、熱硬化性変性ポリフェニレンエーテルであることがより好ましく、エポキシ樹脂、熱硬化性変性ポリフェニレンエーテルが更に好ましい。
熱硬化性樹脂以外の樹脂としては、液晶ポリマー、ポリフェニレンエーテル、熱可塑性変性ポリフェニレンエーテル、シクロオレフィンポリマー、シクロオレフィンコポリマー、ポリスチレン、シンジオタクチックポリスチレンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が好ましい。
なお、上記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂以外の樹脂は、厚みが略一定のシート状であることが好ましいが、上記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂に厚みが異なる部分が存在する場合、上記厚みは、上記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂を長手方向に等間隔に10分割した地点の厚みを測定し、それらを平均したものとする。
なお、本開示の回路基板の形状は、厚みが略一定のシート状であることが好ましいが、上記基盤に厚みが異なる部分が存在する場合、上記基板を長手方向に等間隔に10分割した地点の厚みを測定し、それらを平均したものとする。
上記フッ素樹脂シートの製造方法は、炭化水素系界面活性剤を使用して得られたパーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂(好ましくはPTFE粉末)と酸化亜鉛と押出助剤とを混合する工程(1a)、得られた混合物をペースト押出成形する工程(1b)、押出成形で得られた押出物を圧延する工程(1c)、圧延後のシートを乾燥する工程(1d)、乾燥後のシートを焼成して成形体を得る工程(1e)を含むものであってよい。
上記ペースト押出成形は、上記PTFE粉末に顔料や充填剤等の従来公知の添加剤を加えて行うこともできる。
上記フッ素樹脂シートは、粉体圧延成形によって成形することもできる。粉体圧延成形は、樹脂粉体に剪断力を付与することで、フィブリル化させ、これによってシート状に成形する方法である。その後、焼成して成形体を得る工程を含むものであってよい。
より具体的には、
パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂と酸化亜鉛とを含む原料組成物を混合しながら、剪断力を付与する工程(1)
前記工程(1)によって得られた混合物をバルク状に成形する工程(2)及び
前記工程(2)によって得られたバルク状の混合物をシート状に圧延する工程(3)
を有する製造方法によって得ることができる。
なお、このような粉体圧延成形によってシートとする場合は、パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂と酸化亜鉛のみを混合して成形することが好ましい。
(フッ素樹脂)
PFA(1)(TFE/PAVE(質量%):94.6/5.4、含フッ素モノマーの含有量:100mol%、融点:303℃、MFR:14g/10分、比誘電率(25℃、10GHz):2.1、誘電正接(25℃、10GHz):0.00031、不安定末端基の数:炭素数1×106個あたり0個、不安定末端基の種類:-COF及び-COOH、並びに、水と会合した-COOH、-CH2OH、-CONH2及び-COOCH3)
PFA(2)(TFE/PAVE(質量%):94.6/5.4、含フッ素モノマーの含有量:100mol%、融点:303℃、MFR:14g/10分、比誘電率(25℃、10GHz):2.1、誘電正接(25℃、10GHz):0.0010、不安定末端基の数:炭素数1×106個あたり178個、不安定末端基の種類:-COF及び-COOH、並びに、水と会合した-COOH、-CH2OH、-CONH2及び-COOCH3)
FEP(TFE/HFP(質量%):90/10、含フッ素モノマーの含有量:100mol%、融点:270℃、MFR:6g/10分、比誘電率(25℃、10GHz):2.1、誘電正接(25℃、10GHz):0.00080、不安定末端基の数:炭素数1×106個あたり30個、不安定末端基の種類:-COF及び-COOH、並びに、水と会合した-COOH、-CH2OH、-CONH2及び-COOCH3)
PTFE
ETFE(エチレン/TFE(質量%):21/79、含フッ素モノマーの含有量:52mol%、比誘電率(25℃、10GHz):2.36、誘電正接(25℃、10GHz):0.0716)
(無機フィラー)
酸化亜鉛(1)(平均粒子径:150nm、表面処理:なし)
酸化亜鉛(2)(平均粒子径:35nm、表面処理:シラン処理(平均粒子径0.02μmのケイ素酸化物で処理)、ケイ素酸化物によって形成された被覆層の量:4.9質量%)
酸化チタン:(平均粒子径:150nm、表面処理:なし)
シリカ(紫外線吸収性なし(波長が355nmの光の吸光度:0.1未満)、比誘電率(25℃、1GHz):2.8、誘電正接(25℃、1GHz):0.001、平均粒子径:0.5μm、比表面積:6.1m2/g、表面処理:なし)
フッ素樹脂及び無機フィラーを、表1に示す割合(質量%)で、ラボプラストミルミキサーを用いて溶融混練(時間:600秒、温度:350℃)し、組成物を得た。
得られた組成物を、表1に示す加工温度で押出成形し、表1に示す厚さのシートを得た。
実施例7は、実施例1で得られたシートを銅箔(電解銅、厚み:9μm、シートに接合される側の表面粗度Rz:1.5μm)と積層し、加熱温度:320℃、圧力:15kNで5分間プレスすることにより、銅箔の片面にシートが接合された接合体を得た。
上記シートに対し、以下の条件でUVレーザを照射した際の状態を評価した。実施例7は、接合体中のシートにUVレーザを照射した。
孔径:100μm
出力:2W
繰り返しショット数:7回
評価は、下記基準で行った。
◎:貫通し、炭化無し
〇:貫通しているが、炭化が発生
×:貫通無し
以下の方法で、1mm2の面積あたりの酸化亜鉛の10μm以上の塊の数を評価した。
試料(シート)を剃刀で切出し、断面をレーザ顕微鏡で観察した。酸化亜鉛の塊の数は、倍率50倍で測定した画像で面積0.069mm2(縦0.23mm、横0.3mm)の面積当たりの塊の数を数え、1mm2の面積あたりの塊の数に換算した。
また、以下に記した基準で、添加剤(酸化亜鉛)の分散性を評価した。
◎:レーザ顕微鏡観察の画像解析で酸化亜鉛の10μm以上の塊の数が20個未満
〇:レーザ顕微鏡観察の画像解析で酸化亜鉛の10μm以上の塊の数が20個以上200個未満であるが、目視評価で均一なもの
×:レーザ顕微鏡観察の画像解析で酸化亜鉛の10μm以上の塊の数が200個以上であり、目視評価で不均一なもの
なお、酸化亜鉛の代わりに酸化チタンを配合した比較例3は、酸化チタンについて上記と同様に評価した。
実施例1、実施例2、比較例3、及び比較例4のシートに対して、スプリットシリンダ式誘電率・誘電正接測定装置(EM lab社製)を用いて、25℃、10GHzのDk及びDfを測定した。また、測定したDfについて、下記の計算式により、樹脂単独のDf(無機フィラー添加前のDf)に対する増加率を算出した。
その結果、
実施例1はDk:2.06、Df:0.00084、Dfの増加率:171%、
実施例2はDk:2.02、Df:0.00122、Dfの増加率:294%、
比較例3はDk:2.12、Df:0.00150、Dfの増加率:384%、
比較例4はDk:2.22、Df:0.0132、Dfの増加率:<1%、
であった。
比較例4はDfの増加率は低いものの、Dfの値が高かった。
[増加率の計算式]
(増加率/%)=(Df2―Df1)×100/Df1
Df2:無機フィラー添加後のDf/―
Df1:無機フィラー添加前のDf/―
Claims (23)
- パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂及び酸化亜鉛を含有する組成物。
- 前記酸化亜鉛の含有量は、前記組成物に対して0.01~5.0質量%である請求項1記載の組成物。
- 前記酸化亜鉛の平均粒子径は、0.01~1.0μmである請求項1又は2記載の組成物。
- レーザ顕微鏡観察の画像解析において、前記酸化亜鉛の10μm以上の塊が1mm2の面積あたり200個未満である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂は、不安定末端基が炭素数1×106個あたり200個未満であり、
前記不安定末端基は、前記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂の主鎖末端に存在する-COF、-COOH、-COOCH3、-CONH2及び-CH2OHからなる群より選択する少なくとも1種である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の組成物。 - 前記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、テトラフルオロエチレン/パーフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)共重合体及びテトラフルオロエチレン/ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂は、融点が240~340℃である請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記酸化亜鉛以外の無機フィラーを含有する請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記無機フィラーは、紫外線吸収性を持たないものである請求項8記載の組成物。
- 前記無機フィラーは、25℃、1GHzの比誘電率が5.0以下、かつ、25℃、1GHzの誘電正接が0.01以下のものである請求項8又は9記載の組成物。
- 前記無機フィラーの含有量は、前記組成物に対して10~60質量%である請求項8~10のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 25℃、10GHzの誘電正接は、0.003以下である請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂の25℃、10GHzの誘電正接に対して、前記組成物の25℃、10GHzの誘電正接の増加率が330%以下である請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 回路基板の絶縁材料である請求項1~13のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記回路基板の絶縁材料は、低誘電材料である請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 請求項1~15のいずれかに記載の組成物と、導電層とを有する回路基板。
- 前記導電層は、金属である請求項16記載の回路基板。
- 前記金属は、前記組成物側の面の表面粗度Rzが2.0μm以下である請求項17記載の回路基板。
- 前記金属は、銅である請求項17又は18記載の回路基板。
- 前記銅は、圧延銅又は電解銅である請求項19記載の回路基板。
- プリント基板、積層回路基板又は高周波基板である請求項16~20のいずれかに記載の回路基板。
- 請求項1~15のいずれかに記載の組成物の製造方法であって、前記パーフルオロ系フッ素樹脂及び前記酸化亜鉛を溶融混練し、前記組成物を得る組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項1~15のいずれかに記載の組成物からなるフッ素樹脂シートの製造方法であって、前記組成物をペースト押出成形又は粉体圧延成形して、前記フッ素樹脂シートを得るフッ素樹脂シートの製造方法。
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| WO2025225622A1 (ja) * | 2024-04-24 | 2025-10-30 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 固体組成物、回路基板、固体組成物の製造方法、及び提案装置 |
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