WO2023070972A1 - 一种具有c型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达 - Google Patents

一种具有c型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023070972A1
WO2023070972A1 PCT/CN2022/073648 CN2022073648W WO2023070972A1 WO 2023070972 A1 WO2023070972 A1 WO 2023070972A1 CN 2022073648 W CN2022073648 W CN 2022073648W WO 2023070972 A1 WO2023070972 A1 WO 2023070972A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaped
stator windings
circle
shaped stator
permanent magnets
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PCT/CN2022/073648
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李云峰
Original Assignee
李云峰
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Publication date
Application filed by 李云峰 filed Critical 李云峰
Priority to US18/261,254 priority Critical patent/US20240072581A1/en
Publication of WO2023070972A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023070972A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/141—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/141—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores
    • H02K1/143—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores of the horse-shoe type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
    • H02K1/30—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures using intermediate parts, e.g. spiders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K21/16—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K37/00—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors
    • H02K37/10—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors of permanent magnet type
    • H02K37/12—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors of permanent magnet type with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K37/14—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors of permanent magnet type with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K37/16—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors of permanent magnet type with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having horseshoe armature cores

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and relates to an electromagnetic motor, in particular to a donut-shaped electromagnetic motor with a C-shaped stator winding.
  • the existing permanent magnet brushless motors have a large number of wire groups and magnetic blocks (generally, a motor has more than ten or twenty groups of wire groups and magnetic blocks), which not only has complicated production and installation processes, but also has high manufacturing costs and a high failure rate. Also higher. Based on this, it is very important to propose a small brushless motor with further simplified structure, further reduced cost and high torque to meet the current market demand.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a donut-shaped electromagnetic motor with a C-shaped stator winding, in which the two-pole horizontal permanent magnet is the rotor, the structure is simpler, and the torque is increased, so as to solve the problems of production and installation in the above-mentioned prior art.
  • the process is complicated and the manufacturing cost is high.
  • the present invention provides the following scheme:
  • the present invention provides a donut-shaped electromagnetic motor with a C-shaped stator winding, comprising:
  • C-type stator windings which include C-type soft iron and insulated wires wound around the outer periphery of the C-type soft iron; the C-type stator windings are provided with a plurality of C-type stator windings along the first circular The outer circumference is distributed at intervals, and the section of any one of the C-shaped soft irons cut along the radial direction of the first circle is "C"-shaped;
  • the bearing shaft is arranged at the center of the first circle, and the bearing shaft is parallel to the central symmetry axis of the first circle;
  • the number of permanent magnets is the same as that of the C-shaped stator windings; a plurality of permanent magnets are distributed at intervals along the outer circumference of the second circle, and any one of the permanent magnets
  • the magnets are all connected to the bearing shaft through a connecting piece to form a permanent magnet rotor; the second circle is arranged concentrically with the first circle, and the second circle is located inside the first circle circle, the permanent magnet rotor rotates and can drive the permanent magnet to pass through the magnetic field located in the inner circle of the C-shaped stator winding;
  • An adjustment circuit board, the adjustment circuit board is installed on the shaft of the bearing;
  • a flat circular casing encapsulates the C-shaped stator winding, the permanent magnet, the regulating circuit board and the connecting piece; the flat circular casing is parallel to the The first circular shape is arranged, and the edge of the flat circular shell protrudes along the entire circle of the outer contour of the C-shaped stator winding.
  • the section of any one of the C-shaped soft irons cut along the radial direction of the first circle is in the shape of "Xiang".
  • the " ⁇ " type has more extreme requirements for the thickness of soft iron.
  • any one of the permanent magnets is an arc-shaped cylindrical permanent magnet extending along the circumference of the second circle.
  • the axes of any one of the arc-shaped cylindrical permanent magnets are located on the circumference line of the second circle; the diameter of the circumference line of the second circle is the inner diameter of the flat circular shell 4/5 of the diameter.
  • four permanent magnets and four C-shaped stator windings are provided; and four permanent magnets and four sets of C-shaped stator windings are respectively arranged along the second circle and the first Circular symmetrical distribution.
  • the connecting piece is a flat cross bracket
  • the flat cross bracket is fixed on the bearing shaft
  • the flat cross bracket includes four installation outer ends, any one of the installation outer ends Each of them is equipped with a permanent magnet.
  • each of the two sets of C-shaped stator windings arranged oppositely is a pair; two pairs of the C-shaped stator windings are connected in cross-parallel;
  • the two adjacent magnetic poles of any two adjacent permanent magnets are the same magnetic poles.
  • each of the two sets of C-shaped stator windings arranged opposite to each other is a pair, and the two pairs of C-shaped stator windings are arranged to cross at an acute angle;
  • the four permanent magnets are evenly distributed along the second circular interval, and the two adjacent magnetic poles of any two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite magnetic poles.
  • the flat cross bracket is attached to the adjustment circuit board.
  • heat dissipation holes are arranged on the regulating circuit board.
  • the flat cross bracket is a centrally symmetrical metal bracket.
  • an asynchronous commutation electric regulator is also configured.
  • the C-shaped soft iron is extruded from a rectangular soft iron sheet.
  • a position sensor is also configured, and the position sensor is arranged in the flat circular housing.
  • two position sensors are arranged at intervals.
  • the setting of the flat circular casing realizes the ultra-thin profile structure of the motor; the permanent magnet as the rotor moves along the second circle parallel to the flat circular casing.
  • the shape of the distribution realizes the horizontal placement of the permanent magnet rotor, which is connected with the bearing shaft in the center of the motor through the connecting piece, forming a lever structure with the bearing shaft as the fulcrum, which can increase the torque of the rotor.
  • the C-shaped stator winding as the stator is arranged along the transverse direction of the permanent magnet rotor, and the permanent magnet rotor can pass through the inner ring of the C-shaped stator winding when it rotates, and the C-shaped stator winding can generate a relatively maximum
  • the enveloping magnetic field (the maximum here refers to the maximum magnetic field that can be generated on the C-shaped stator winding when the permanent magnet passes through, that is, the permanent magnet has the largest work area at this time, rather than comparing with other magnetic fields) and magnetic field Force, improve the working efficiency of the motor.
  • the structure of the electromagnetic motor of the present invention is simpler, the work is done directly, the torque is increased, and the stator and rotor can be processed and assembled separately, which is more simplified than the existing production method of connecting more than ten or twenty wire groups together. , which solves the problems of complex production and installation process and high manufacturing cost in the existing technology, and the unique "donut" ultra-thin shape can adapt to more applications and special needs, such as electric tools, electric bicycles, etc., and has strong practicability .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a donut-shaped electromagnetic motor with a C-shaped stator winding disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a donut-shaped electromagnetic motor with a C-shaped stator winding disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution generated by the C-shaped stator winding disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a winding layout diagram of insulated wires in a C-shaped stator winding disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a donut-shaped electromagnetic motor with a C-shaped stator winding disclosed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • C-type stator winding 11. C-type soft iron; 12. Insulated wire; 13. Soft iron core; 14. C-type stator winding one; 15. C-type stator winding two; 16. C-type stator winding three; 17. C-type stator winding four;
  • One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a donut-shaped electromagnetic motor with a C-shaped stator winding, in which the two-pole horizontal permanent magnet is the rotor, the structure is simpler, and the torque is increased, so as to solve the production problems existing in the prior art.
  • the installation process is complex and the manufacturing cost is high.
  • this embodiment provides a donut-shaped electromagnetic motor 100 with a C-shaped stator winding, which mainly includes a C-shaped stator winding 1, a bearing shaft 2, a permanent magnet 3, an adjustment circuit board 4 and Flat circular shell 5.
  • the C-shaped stator winding 1 includes a C-shaped soft iron 11 and an insulated wire 12 wound on the outer periphery of the C-shaped soft iron 11; a plurality of C-shaped stator windings 1 are provided, and a plurality of C-shaped stator windings 1 are arranged along the first circular
  • the outer circumference is distributed at intervals, and the section of any C-shaped soft iron 11 cut along the radial direction of the first circle is "C"-shaped, which is why the C-shaped stator winding 1 as a whole is "C"-shaped.
  • the bearing shaft 2 is arranged at the center of the first circle, and the bearing shaft 2 is parallel to the central symmetry axis of the first circle, that is, the bearing shaft 2 is perpendicular to the plane where the first circle is located.
  • the shaft rods 2 are connected to form a permanent magnet rotor.
  • the second circle is concentrically arranged with the above-mentioned first circle, and the second circle is located in the inner circle of the first circle.
  • the permanent magnet rotor rotates and can drive the permanent magnet 3 through the The magnetic field located in the inner circle of the C-shaped stator winding 1.
  • the adjustment circuit board 4 is a conventional setting part in the existing brushless motor, and its specific structure and working principle will not be repeated here.
  • the adjustment circuit board 4 is installed on the bearing shaft 2 .
  • the flat circular casing 5 encapsulates the C-type stator winding 1, the permanent magnet 3, the adjustment circuit board 4 and the connectors, the flat circular casing 5 is arranged parallel to the first circle, and the flat circular casing 5 The edge protrudes along the outer contour of the stator winding 1 over the entire circle.
  • Donut refers to that after the flat circular shell 5 is assembled, the whole is in the shape of a “doughnut” that is concave in the middle and convex outside the whole circle, which is exactly like a donut (an existing dessert) .
  • the insulated wire 12 is an existing enameled wire.
  • the adjusting circuit board 4 can also be arranged in other places where the space allows except the bearing shaft 2 .
  • any C-type soft iron 11 is equipped with a soft-iron magnetic core 13.
  • the soft-iron magnetic core 13 is preferably set at an angle of 5° to 15° away from the C-type soft iron 11, as shown in the figure
  • the lower eaves of the soft iron magnetic core 13 are protruding, in an upward arc structure, or can be in the shape of a 180 ° crotch.
  • any one of the permanent magnets 3 is arranged as an arc-shaped cylindrical permanent magnet extending along the circumferential direction of the second circle, and the permanent magnet can be formed by high-temperature die-casting of the cylindrical permanent magnet in an arc shape.
  • the axis of any arc-shaped cylindrical permanent magnet is located on the circumference of the second circle.
  • the cross-section of any C-shaped soft iron 11 cut along the radial direction of the first circle is in the shape of an " ⁇ ".
  • the two sides of the " ⁇ " type are flat, and when the thickness of soft iron is required to be lighter and thinner, the "C"-shaped cross-section cut along the radial direction of the first circle can be used. soft iron.
  • the permanent magnet 3 When the cross section cut along the radial direction of the first circle of the C-type soft iron 11 was "C" type, the permanent magnet 3 was generally set to the above-mentioned arc-shaped cylindrical permanent magnet; When the cross-section cut from a circular radial direction is in the shape of " ⁇ ", the permanent magnet 3 is correspondingly arranged as a flat permanent magnet; it can be determined according to the specific shape of the stator.
  • a C-shaped soft iron 11 can be decomposed into one or two parallel arc-shaped flat ultra-thin stator structures, and the position arc remains unchanged.
  • the permanent magnet 3 is in a Work on one side or both sides. This design can make the motor reach the thickness and size of two coins. If the middle bracket is designed as a dual-purpose fan blade bracket, then the drone can be made into a pocket-sized business card. .
  • any C-shaped stator winding 1 is a cylindrical shape seen in a horizontal direction (the direction perpendicular to the plane where the first circle is located), and vertically (the circumferential direction of the first circle and the second circle). It is C-type, mainly because the section of C-type soft iron 11 cut along the radial direction of the first circle is "C"-shaped, and C-type soft iron 11 can be processed by a one-time extruded rectangular soft iron sheet.
  • the insulated wire 12 winds around the C-type soft iron 11 to form a semi-closed magnetic field.
  • the inner ring of the C-type soft iron 11 is the magnetic field channel.
  • the advantage of the closed magnetic field and the structural arrangement of the C-shaped stator is that the opening of the C-shaped stator winding 1 faces the center of the circle, and the current excitation magnetic pole acts laterally along the circumferential direction.
  • the number of permanent magnets 3 can be 2, 3, 4, etc. in accordance with dynamic balance, and it is recommended not to set more than 4 in a motor with a smaller diameter.
  • the number of C-shaped stator windings 1 depends on the specific number of rotors it drives.
  • the number of rotors (permanent magnets 3) and stators (C-type stator winding 1) can be increased or decreased on the basis of "4", with the same rotation effect, for example, 2 rotors and 3 stators, or 3 rotors and 2 stators , or 3 rotors 4 stators and other settings.
  • the connecting piece is a flat cross bracket 6, and the flat cross bracket 6 is fixed on the bearing shaft 2.
  • the flat cross bracket 6 includes four installation outer ends, and a permanent magnet 3 is installed on each installation outer end. .
  • the flat cross bracket can be changed to a polygonal bracket structure with more than four mounting outer ends according to requirements.
  • two sets of C-shaped stator windings 1 that are oppositely arranged among the four sets of C-shaped stator windings 1 form a pair.
  • the four sets of C-type stator windings are respectively C-type stator winding 14, C-type stator winding 2 15, C-type stator winding 3 16 and C-type stator winding 4 17, C-type stator winding 14, C-type Type C stator winding 2 15, C-type stator winding 3 16 and C-type stator winding 4 17 are arranged counterclockwise along the viewing angle shown in Figure 1, wherein, C-type stator winding 1 14 and C-type stator winding 3 16 are a pair , C-type stator winding two 15 and C-type stator winding four 17 are a pair, and the two pairs of C-type stator windings 1 are dynamically balanced and symmetrical, that is, quasi-cross, and the two pairs of C-type stator windings 1 wires can be connected in parallel.
  • the two adjacent magnetic poles of any two adjacent permanent magnets 3 in the four permanent magnets 3 are the same magnetic poles, that is, the S poles and S poles of any two adjacent permanent magnets 3 are close to each other, or the N poles and N poles are close to each other. very close to each other.
  • the inner rings of the two C-shaped stator windings 1 in each pair of C-shaped stator windings have the permanent magnets 3 passing through them at the same time, but the permanent magnets passing through the adjacent C-shaped stator windings 1
  • the magnetic poles of 3 are just opposite, thus forming a staggered through-core structure arrangement of the stator (C-type stator winding 1) and the rotor (permanent magnet 3).
  • the flat cross bracket 6 is attached to the adjustment circuit board 4, and 4 permanent magnets 3 and 4 sets of C-shaped stator windings 1, or other numbers of permanent magnets 3 and C-shaped stator windings 1 are all distributed in the flat
  • the adjustment circuit board 4 is arranged on one side of the flat cross bracket 6, so that the overall structure of the motor is more integrated in the thickness direction, thereby realizing the arrangement of the ultra-thin motor structure.
  • the adjustment circuit board 4 is provided with cooling holes 7, which is beneficial for the adjustment circuit board 4 to work for a long time and improve work efficiency.
  • the flat cross bracket 6 is preferably a metal bracket arranged symmetrically to the center.
  • the flat cross bracket 6 has four legs evenly distributed at intervals, and the legs can be a plate structure or a rod structure, and its outer end is the above-mentioned installation outer end for installing the permanent magnet 3.
  • the permanent magnet 3 as rotor is connected with the center of the motor (bearing shaft) by the legs of the flat cross bracket 6, so that any permanent magnet 3 forms a motor center (bearing shaft) with the center of the motor (bearing shaft).
  • Rod is the lever structure of the fulcrum, which increases the motor torque.
  • the diameter of the second circle (or the diameter of the circumference of the second circle) is 4/5 of the inner diameter of the flat circular shell 5, that is, the permanent magnet 3 as the rotor is close to the whole
  • the diameter of motor 4/5 diameter makes circular motion, and above-mentioned support leg is used as the radius of this circle, makes permanent magnet 3 and axle center (bearing shaft rod) form an obvious lever structure, is conducive to further increasing torque.
  • the motor (motor) is also equipped with an asynchronous commutation ESC.
  • the C-shaped soft iron 11 is extruded from a rectangular soft iron sheet, preferably at one time.
  • a position sensor 8 is also configured, and the position sensor 8 is arranged in the flat circular housing 5 for real-time monitoring of the position of each permanent magnet 3 relative to the C-shaped stator winding 1 .
  • the position sensor 8 is arranged in the flat circular housing 5 for real-time monitoring of the position of each permanent magnet 3 relative to the C-shaped stator winding 1 .
  • the position sensor 8 can be arranged on the inner wall of the flat circular housing 5 or on the adjustment circuit board 4. Preferably, a position sensor 8 is arranged between any adjacent two C-shaped stator windings 1 to ensure the accuracy of the motor. Control runs.
  • the C-type stator winding and rotor can be interchangeable, that is, the C-type stator winding can also use permanent magnets, and the rotor can be current excitation, or it can be set in places with high temperature and vibration requirements. , The rotor is the current excitation body. The details can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the donut-shaped electromagnetic motor with the C-shaped stator winding disclosed in this embodiment has realized the ultra-thin profile structure of the motor; the permanent magnet as the rotor is parallel to the flat circular
  • the second circular distribution of the housing realizes the horizontal placement of the permanent magnet rotor, which is connected to the bearing shaft in the center of the motor through a connecting piece, forming a lever structure with the bearing shaft as the fulcrum, which can increase the torque of the rotor.
  • the C-shaped stator winding as the stator is arranged along the transverse direction of the permanent magnet rotor, and the permanent magnet rotor can pass through the inner ring of the C-shaped stator winding when it rotates, and the C-shaped stator winding can generate a relatively maximum
  • the enveloping magnetic field (the maximum here refers to the maximum magnetic field that can be generated on the C-shaped stator winding when the permanent magnet passes through, that is, the permanent magnet has the largest work area at this time, rather than comparing with other magnetic field values), improve The efficiency of the motor.
  • the structure of the electromagnetic motor in this embodiment is simpler, the torque is increased, and the stator and rotor can be processed and assembled separately.
  • the unique "donut" ultra-thin shape can adapt to more applications and special needs, such as electric tools, electric bicycles, etc., and has strong practicability.
  • the C-type stator winding and the rotor work horizontally, which conforms to the best mechanical principle. Compared with the traditional oblique longitudinal work, the pressure on the bearing is reduced, and the vibration and noise of the corresponding motor are reduced.
  • the donut-shaped electromagnetic motor disclosed in this embodiment has a C-shaped stator winding, and its "doughnut” shape is flat and round, so that the motor (motor) has a longer diameter (more torque) than other motors. Larger), and the thickness is smaller, which further strengthens the leverage effect.
  • This embodiment proposes another donut-shaped electromagnetic motor 100 with C-shaped stator windings.
  • different numbers of combinations of C-shaped stator windings 1 and rotor permanent magnets can be selected.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in that the distribution form of the C-shaped stator winding 1 and the magnetic pole distribution form of the permanent magnet 3 are different, as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the C-shaped soft iron 11 in the C-shaped stator winding 1 and the permanent magnet 3 as the rotor are both arc-shaped structures, and the four permanent magnets 3 are located at the same On the circumference, four C-type soft irons 11 are located on the same circumference, and preferably, the central angles of any one C-type soft iron 11 and any one permanent magnet 3 are 40°. Among them, the four permanent magnets 3 are evenly and symmetrically distributed on the circumference; the four C-type stator windings 1 are not evenly distributed, but are divided into two groups in pairs.
  • the C-type stator windings 14 and C-type The stator winding three 16 is a group
  • the C-type stator winding two 15 and the C-type stator winding four 17 are a group
  • the C-type stator winding one 14 and the C-type stator winding three 16 are arranged symmetrically at 180°
  • the C-type stator winding two 15 And the C-type stator winding 17 is also arranged symmetrically at 180°
  • the two sets of C-type stator windings 1 are arranged at an acute angle, that is, the deflection angle is set between any two adjacent C-type stator windings 1, as shown in Figure 5
  • the C-type stator winding 2 15 and the C-type stator winding 4 17 are in the state from the N pole to the S pole. pole conversion.
  • the permanent magnet rotor can pass through the inner ring of the C-shaped stator winding when it rotates, and the C-shaped stator winding can generate a relatively maximum force on the passing permanent magnet.
  • Encapsulated magnetic field (the maximum here refers to the maximum magnetic field that can be generated on the C-shaped stator winding when the permanent magnet passes through, that is, the permanent magnet has the largest work area at this time, rather than comparing with other magnetic field values), improve the motor work efficiency.
  • the structure of the above-mentioned electromagnetic motor is simpler, the torque is increased, and the stator and rotor can be processed and assembled separately.
  • the C-type stator winding and the rotor work horizontally, which conforms to the best mechanical principle. Compared with the traditional oblique longitudinal work, the pressure on the bearing is reduced, and the vibration and noise of the corresponding motor are reduced.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有C型定子绕组（1）的甜甜圈型电磁马达（100），包括C型定子绕组、轴承轴杆（2）、永磁体（3）、调节电路板（4）和扁平状圆形外壳（5）。扁平状圆形外壳的设置实现了马达的超薄外形结构。作为转子的永磁体沿平行于扁平状圆形外壳的第二圆形分布，永磁体通过连接件与马达中心的轴承轴杆连接，形成以轴承轴杆为支点的永磁转子结构。作为定子的C型定子绕组沿永磁体转子的横置方向布置，永磁体转子在转动时能够穿过C型定子绕组的内圈。马达构造更为简单，扭矩有所增加，且定子转子可分开加工组装，生产方式更为简化，实用性强。

Description

一种具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达 技术领域
本发明属于电机技术领域，涉及一种电磁马达，特别是涉及一种具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达。
背景技术
目前，现有永磁无刷电机的线组和磁块数量较多(一般一个电机具备十几、二十几组线组和磁块)，不仅生产安装工艺复杂，而且制造成本高，故障率也较高。基于此，提出一种结构进一步简化，成本进一步降低，同时具备高扭矩的小型无刷电机对于满足目前的市场需求尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其两极横置永磁体为转子，构造更趋简单，扭矩有所增加，以解决上述现有技术存在的生产安装工艺复杂，而且制造成本高的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：
本发明提供一种具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，包括：
C型定子绕组，其包括C型软铁和缠绕于所述C型软铁外周的绝缘导线；所述C型定子绕组设置有多个，多个所述C型定子绕组沿第一圆形的外周间隔分布，且任意一所述C型软铁的沿所述第一圆形的径向所切得的截面呈“C”型；
轴承轴杆，所述轴承轴杆设置于所述第一圆形的圆心，且所述轴承轴杆平行于所述第一圆形的中心对称轴；
永磁体，所述永磁体设置有多个，且其设置数量与所述C型定子绕组的设置数量相同；多个所述永磁体沿第二圆形的外周间隔分布，且任意一所述永磁体均通过连接件与所述轴承轴杆连接，形成永磁转子；所述第二圆形与所述第一圆形同心设置，且所述第二圆形位于所述第一圆形的内圈，所述永磁转子旋转，能够带动所述永磁体穿过位于所述C型定子绕组内圈的磁场；
调节电路板，所述调节电路板穿设于所述轴承轴杆上；
扁平状圆形外壳，所述扁平状圆形外壳将所述C型定子绕组、所述永磁体、所述调节电路板以及所述连接件封装于内；所述扁平状圆形外壳平行于所述第一圆形设置，且所述扁平状圆形外壳的边缘沿所述C型定子绕组的外轮廓整圈外凸。
可选的，且任意一所述C型软铁的沿所述第一圆形的径向所切得的截面呈“凵”型。“凵”型相比“C”型，对于软铁厚度有更加极致的要求。
可选的，任意一所述永磁体均为沿所述第二圆形的周向延伸的弧型圆柱状永磁体。
可选的，任意一所述弧型圆柱状永磁体的轴线均位于所述第二圆形的圆周线上；所述第二圆形的圆周线的直径为所述扁平状圆形外壳的内直径的4/5。
可选的，所述永磁体和所述C型定子绕组均设置有偶数个。
可选的，所述永磁体和所述C型定子绕组均设置有4个；且4个所述永磁体和4组所述C型定子绕组分别沿所述第二圆形和所述第一圆形对称分布。
可选的，所述连接件为扁平状十字支架，所述扁平状十字支架固定于所述轴承轴杆上，所述扁平状十字支架包括四个安装外端，任意一所述安装外端上均安装有一所述永磁体。
可选的，4组所述C型定子绕组中每相对设置的两组所述C型定子绕组为一对；两对所述C型定子绕组交叉并联；
任意相邻两所述永磁体的相互靠近的两磁极为同性磁极。
可选的，4组所述C型定子绕组中每相对设置的两组所述C型定子绕组为一对，两对所述C型定子绕组之间呈锐角交叉布置；
4个所述永磁体沿所述第二圆形间隔均匀分布，且任意相邻两所述永磁体的相互靠近的两磁极均为异性磁极。
可选的，所述扁平状十字支架与所述调节电路板贴合设置。
可选的，所述调节电路板上配置有散热孔。
可选的，所述扁平状十字支架为中心对称的金属支架。
可选的，当所述永磁体和所述C型定子绕组均设置有奇数个时，还配置有异步换向电调。
可选的，所述C型软铁由长方形软铁片挤压成形。
可选的，还配置有位置传感器，所述位置传感器设置于所述扁平状圆形外壳内。
可选的，所述位置传感器间隔设置有两个。
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下技术效果：
本发明公开的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，扁平状圆形外壳的设置实现了马达的超薄外形结构；作为转子的永磁体沿平行于扁平状圆形外壳的第二圆形的分布，实现了永磁体转子的横置，其通过连接件与马达中心的轴承轴杆连接，形成了以轴承轴杆为支点的杠杆结构，可以增大转子的扭矩。此外，作为定子的C型定子绕组沿永磁体转子的横置方向布置，永磁体转子在转动时能够穿过C型定子绕组的内圈，C型定子绕组可对穿过的永磁体产生相对最大的包裹性磁场(此处的最大是指永磁体穿过时，C型定子绕组上所能够产生的最大磁场，即永磁体此时具有最大做功面积，而并不是与其他磁场的数值比较)和磁场力，提高马达的工作效率。上述可知，本发明的电磁马达构造更趋简单，做功直接，扭矩有所增加，且定子转子可分开加工组装，比起现有连接一起动辄十几二十几个线组的生产方式更为简化，解决了现有技术存在的生产安装工艺复杂，而且制造成本高等问题，独特的“甜甜圈”超薄外形能够适应更多应用场合以及特殊需求，比如电动工具，电动自行车等，实用性强。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例一所公开的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁 马达的内部结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例一所公开的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达的纵向剖面图；
图3为本发明实施例所公开的C型定子绕组产生的磁场分布示意图；
图4为本发明实施例所公开的C型定子绕组中绝缘导线的缠绕布置图；
图5为本发明实施例二所公开的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达的内部结构示意图。
其中，附图标记为：
100、具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达；
1、C型定子绕组；11、C型软铁；12、绝缘导线；13、软铁磁蕊；14、C型定子绕组一；15、C型定子绕组二；16、C型定子绕组三；17、C型定子绕组四；
2、轴承轴杆；
3、永磁体；
4、调节电路板；
5、扁平状圆形外壳；
6、扁平状十字支架；
7、散热孔；
8、位置传感器；
9、绕组线圈连线。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的目的之一是提供一种具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其两极横置永磁体为转子，构造更趋简单，扭矩有所增加，以解决现有技术存在的生产安装工艺复杂，而且制造成本高的问题。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
实施例一
如图1-4所示，本实施例提供一种具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达100，主要包括C型定子绕组1、轴承轴杆2、永磁体3、调节电路板4和扁平状圆形外壳5。其中，C型定子绕组1包括C型软铁11和缠绕于C型软铁11外周的绝缘导线12；C型定子绕组1设置有多个，多个C型定子绕组1沿第一圆形的外周间隔分布，且任意一C型软铁11的沿第一圆形的径向所切得的截面呈“C”型，这也是C型定子绕组1整体呈“C”型的由来。轴承轴杆2设置于第一圆形的圆心，且轴承轴杆2平行于第一圆形的中心对称轴，即轴承轴杆2垂直于第一圆形的所在平面。永磁体3设置有多个，且其设置数量与C型定子绕组1的设置数量相同；多个永磁体3沿第二圆形的外周间隔分布，且任意一永磁体3均通过连接件与轴承轴杆2连接，形成永磁转子，该第二圆形与上述第一圆形同心设置，且第二圆形位于第一圆形的内圈，永磁转子旋转，能够带动永磁体3穿过位于C型定子绕组1内圈的磁场。调节电路板4为现有无刷电机中的常规设置件，其具体结构和工作原理在此不再赘述，在本实施例中，调节电路板4穿设于轴承轴杆2上。扁平状圆形外壳5将C型定子绕组1、永磁体3、调节电路板4以及连接件封装于内，扁平状圆形外壳5平行于第一圆形设置，且扁平状圆形外壳5的边缘顺延定子绕组1的外轮廓整圈外凸。所谓“甜甜圈”是指扁平状圆形外壳5组装完成之后，整体呈中间内凹、外缘整圈外凸的“甜甜圈”状，酷似甜甜圈(一种现有的甜品)。
本实施例中，绝缘导线12为一种现有的漆包线。
本实施例中，调节电路板4还可以设置在除轴承轴杆2以外的其他空间允许的位置。
本实施例中，任意C型软铁11上均配置有软铁磁蕊13，为了提高容错性，软铁磁蕊13优选偏离C型软铁11向外倾斜5°～15°设置，如图4所示，软铁磁蕊13的下檐突出，呈上扬弧度结构，或可以为180°弯钩形。
本实施例中，任意一永磁体3均设置为沿第二圆形的周向延伸的弧型圆柱状永磁体，永磁体可由圆柱状永磁体呈圆弧状高温压铸而成。作为优 选方式，任意一弧型圆柱状永磁体的轴线均位于第二圆形的圆周线上。
本实施例中，任意一C型软铁11的沿所述第一圆形的径向所切得的截面呈“凵”型。“凵”型相比“C”型，两侧面为平面，对软铁厚度有更加轻薄的要求时，可采用沿第一圆形的径向所切得的截面呈“凵”型的C型软铁。当C型软铁11的沿第一圆形的径向所切得的截面呈“C”型时，永磁体3一般设置为上述弧型圆柱状永磁体；当C型软铁11的沿第一圆形的径向所切得的截面呈“凵”型时，永磁体3也对应设置为扁平状永磁体；可根据定子的具体形状确定。
实际操作中，为了追求电机的精薄设计，可将将一个C型软铁11分解为一或两个并列平行的弧形扁平超薄定子结构，位置弧度均保持不变，永磁体3在一侧或两侧做功，这样的设计可以让电机达到两块硬币那样的厚度与大小，如果中间的支架设计为扇叶支架两用型，那么无人机便可以做成揣进口袋的名片般大小。
本实施例中，任意一C型定子绕组1均是一个横向(与上述第一圆形所在平面垂直的方向)看的圆柱形，纵向(上述第一圆形以及第二圆形的周向)看是C型，主要是C型软铁11的沿第一圆形的径向所切得的截面呈“C”型，C型软铁11可由一次性挤压成形的长方形软铁片加工而成，绝缘导线12绕C型软铁11形成一种半封闭的磁场，C型软铁11的内圈即磁场通道，上述圆柱形带弧度的永磁体3将会在电磁作用下穿过上述半封闭的磁场，C型定子的结构布置的优势是C型定子绕组1开口朝向圆心，电流励磁磁极沿圆周方向横向做功，电磁定子会对穿过的永磁体3产生最大的包裹性磁场，其拥有最大的包裹性和最大做功面积。
本实施例中，永磁体3的设置数量可为2个、3个、4个等符合动平衡的数量，在直径较小的电机内建议不要设置超过4个。C型定子绕组1的设置数量根据其驱动的具体转子数量而定。
本实施例中，永磁体3和C型定子绕组1均设置有偶数个。作为优选方式，永磁体3和C型定子绕组1均设置有4个，且4个永磁体3和4组C型定子绕组1分别沿第二圆形和第一圆形对称分布，生产及安装工艺简单化。实际操作中，可以在“4个”的基础上增加或减少转子(永磁体3)、定子(C型定子绕组1)数量，具有同样的转动效果，例如2转子3 定子，或3转子2定子，或3转子4定子等设置形式。
本实施例中，连接件为扁平状十字支架6，扁平状十字支架6固定于轴承轴杆2上，扁平状十字支架6包括四个安装外端，正好每个安装外端安装一永磁体3。当永磁体3的数量有所增减时，尤其是当永磁体3的数量大于4个时，可以根据需求将扁平状十字支架改为具有四个以上安装外端的多角支架结构。
本实施例中，4组C型定子绕组1中每相对设置的两组C型定子绕组1为一对。如图1所示，4组C型定子绕组分别为C型定子绕组一14、C型定子绕组二15、C型定子绕组三16和C型定子绕组四17，C型定子绕组一14、C型定子绕组二15、C型定子绕组三16和C型定子绕组四17沿图1所示视角的逆时针依次排布，其中，C型定子绕组一14和C型定子绕组三16为一对，C型定子绕组二15和C型定子绕组四17为一对，两对C型定子绕组1呈动平衡对称结构，即准十字型，两对C型定子绕组1导线可相互并联。实际操作中，4组C型定子绕组1按照驱动程序要求分布。
本实施例中，4个永磁体3中任意相邻两永磁体3的相互靠近的两磁极为同性磁极，即任意相邻两永磁体3的S极与S极相互靠近、或N极与N极相互靠近。基于此结构布置，使得上述每一对C型定子绕组中的两个C型定子绕组1内圈同时有作为转子的永磁体3穿过，但相邻C型定子绕组1内穿过的永磁体3的磁极正好相反，从而形成定子(C型定子绕组1)与转子(永磁体3)的交错穿心式结构布置。
本实施例中，扁平状十字支架6与调节电路板4贴合设置，4个永磁体3和4组C型定子绕组1，或其他数量的永磁体3和C型定子绕组1均分布于扁平状十字支架6所在的平面区域内，调节电路板4设置于扁平状十字支架6的一侧设置，使得电机整体结构在厚度方向上集成度更高，从而实现超薄电机结构的布置。
本实施例中，调节电路板4上配置有散热孔7，有利于调节电路板4长时间工作，提高工作效率。
本实施例中，扁平状十字支架6优选为呈中心对称设置的金属支架。扁平状十字支架6具有四个间隔均匀分布的支腿，该支腿可为板状结构或 杆状结构，其外端即上述的安装外端，用于安装永磁体3。作为转子的永磁体3通过扁平状十字支架6的支腿与电机中心(轴承轴杆)连接，从而任意一永磁体3均与电机中心(轴承轴杆)之间形成了以电机中心(轴承轴杆)为支点的杠杆结构，增大了电机扭矩。
作为优选方式，第二圆形的直径(或者称其为第二圆形的圆周线的直径)为扁平状圆形外壳5的内直径的4/5，即作为转子的永磁体3以接近整个电机4/5直径的直径做圆周运动，上述支腿作为该圆周的半径，使得永磁体3与轴心(轴承轴杆)形成了一个明显的杠杆结构，有利于进一步增大扭矩。
本实施例中，当永磁体3和C型定子绕组1均设置有奇数个时，马达(电机)内还配置有异步换向电调。
本实施例中，C型软铁11由长方形软铁片挤压成形，且优选一次性挤压成形。
本实施例中，还配置有位置传感器8，位置传感器8设置于扁平状圆形外壳5内，其用于实时监测各永磁体3相对C型定子绕组1的位置。以其中一个永磁体3的转动过程为例，当该永磁体3沿其转动方向刚刚转至某一C型定子绕组1内时，C型定子绕组1内通入正向电流，以使该C型定子绕组1对该永磁体3产生吸力，而当位置传感器8检测到该永磁体3的位置处于即将脱离该C型定子绕组1时，C型定子绕组1短暂断电后向其内通入反向电流，以使该C型定子绕组1对该永磁体3产生斥力，如此往复，任意一永磁体3在转至任意一C型定子绕组1时，C型定子绕组1均会先对永磁体3产生吸力将其吸入、再产生斥力将其推出，既为永磁体3的转动提供电磁动力，有保障了电机的正常运转。实际安装过程中，可将位置传感器8设置于扁平状圆形外壳5内壁或调节电路板4上，优选任意相邻两C型定子绕组1之间均设置有位置传感器8，以确保电机的精准控制运行。
在对电机无刷无要求的情况下，C型定子绕组和转子可互换属性，即C型定子绕组也可用永磁体，而转子可为电流励磁，亦或在温度震动要求比较高的场所定、转子同为电流励磁体。具体均可以根据实际需求而调整。
由此可见，本实施例公开的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达， 扁平状圆形外壳的设置实现了马达的超薄外形结构；作为转子的永磁体沿平行于扁平状圆形外壳的第二圆形的分布，实现了永磁体转子的横置，其通过连接件与马达中心的轴承轴杆连接，形成了以轴承轴杆为支点的杠杆结构，可以增大转子的扭矩。此外，作为定子的C型定子绕组沿永磁体转子的横置方向布置，永磁体转子在转动时能够穿过C型定子绕组的内圈，C型定子绕组可对穿过的永磁体产生相对最大的包裹性磁场(此处的最大是指永磁体穿过时，C型定子绕组上所能够产生的最大磁场，即永磁体此时具有最大做功面积，而并不是与其他磁场的数值比较)，提高马达的工作效率。上述可知，本实施例的电磁马达构造更趋简单，扭矩有所增加，且定子转子可分开加工组装，比起现有连接一起动辄十几二十几个线组的生产方式更为简化，解决了现有技术存在的生产安装工艺复杂，而且制造成本高等问题，独特的“甜甜圈”超薄外形能够适应更多应用场合以及特殊需求，比如电动工具，电动自行车等，实用性强。
本实例中，C型定子绕组与转子横向做功，符合最佳力学原理，相比于传统的斜纵向做功对轴承的压力减小，相对应的电机的震动及噪音有所降低。
另外，本实施例公开的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其“甜甜圈”状扁且圆的结构特性，使得该马达(电机)比其他电机的直径更长(扭矩更大)，且厚度更小，使得杠杆效应进一步加强。
实施例二
本实施例提出另一种具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达100，根据电机用途不同，可选用不同数量的C型定子绕组1与转子永磁体的组合。本实施例与实施例一的区别仅在于，C型定子绕组1的分布形式以及永磁体3的磁极分布形式不同，具体如图5所示。其中，C型定子绕组1和永磁体3同样均设置有四个，C型定子绕组1中C型软铁11和作为转子的永磁体3均为圆弧状结构，四个永磁体3位于同一圆周上，四个C型软铁11位于同一圆周上，且优选任意一C型软铁11和任意一永磁体3的圆心角均为40°。其中，四个永磁体3在圆周上均匀对称分布；四个C型定子绕组1并非均匀分布，而是两两相对分为两组，如图5所示，C 型定子绕组一14和C型定子绕组三16为一组，C型定子绕组二15和C型定子绕组四17为一组，C型定子绕组一14和C型定子绕组三16呈180°对称布置，C型定子绕组二15和C型定子绕组四17也呈180°对称布置，两组C型定子绕组1之间呈锐角夹角布置，即任意相邻两C型定子绕组1之间为偏转角设置，具体如图5所示，在转子正常转动过程中，当C型定子绕组一14和C型定子绕组三16均为无磁状态时，C型定子绕组二15和C型定子绕组四17处于由N极到S极的转换。
本实施例公开的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，永磁体转子在转动时能够穿过C型定子绕组的内圈，C型定子绕组可对穿过的永磁体产生相对最大的包裹性磁场(此处的最大是指永磁体穿过时，C型定子绕组上所能够产生的最大磁场，即永磁体此时具有最大做功面积，而并不是与其他磁场的数值比较)，提高马达的工作效率。上述电磁马达构造更趋简单，扭矩有所增加，且定子转子可分开加工组装，比起现有连接一起动辄十几二十几个线组的生产方式更为简化，解决了现有技术存在的生产安装工艺复杂，而且制造成本高等问题，独特的“甜甜圈”超薄外形能够适应更多应用场合以及特殊需求，比如电动工具，电动自行车等，实用性强。
本实例中，C型定子绕组与转子横向做功，符合最佳力学原理，相比于传统的斜纵向做功对轴承的压力减小，相对应的电机的震动及噪音有所降低。
需要说明的是，对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内，不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
本发明中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范 围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其特征在于，包括：
    C型定子绕组，其包括C型软铁和缠绕于所述C型软铁外周的绝缘导线；所述C型定子绕组设置有多个，多个所述C型定子绕组沿第一圆形的外周间隔分布，且任意一所述C型软铁的沿所述第一圆形的径向所切得的截面呈“C”型；
    轴承轴杆，所述轴承轴杆设置于所述第一圆形的圆心，且所述轴承轴杆平行于所述第一圆形的中心对称轴；
    永磁体，所述永磁体设置有多个，且其设置数量与所述C型定子绕组的设置数量相同；多个所述永磁体沿第二圆形的外周间隔分布，且任意一所述永磁体均通过连接件与所述轴承轴杆连接，形成永磁转子；所述第二圆形与所述第一圆形同心设置，且所述第二圆形位于所述第一圆形的内圈，所述永磁转子旋转，能够带动所述永磁体穿过位于所述C型定子绕组内圈的磁场；
    调节电路板，所述调节电路板穿设于所述轴承轴杆上；
    扁平状圆形外壳，所述扁平状圆形外壳将所述C型定子绕组、所述永磁体、所述调节电路板以及所述连接件封装于内；所述扁平状圆形外壳平行于所述第一圆形设置，且所述扁平状圆形外壳的边缘沿所述C型定子绕组的外轮廓整圈外凸。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其特征在于，任意一所述永磁体均为沿所述第二圆形的周向延伸的弧型圆柱状永磁体。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其特征在于，任意一所述弧型圆柱状永磁体的轴线均位于所述第二圆形的圆周线上；所述第二圆形的圆周线的直径为所述扁平状圆形外壳的内直径的4/5。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任意一项所述的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其特征在于，所述永磁体和所述C型定子绕组均设置有偶数个。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达， 其特征在于，所述永磁体和所述C型定子绕组均设置有4个；且4个所述永磁体和4组所述C型定子绕组分别沿所述第二圆形和所述第一圆形对称分布。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其特征在于，所述连接件为扁平状十字支架，所述扁平状十字支架固定于所述轴承轴杆上，所述扁平状十字支架包括四个安装外端，任意一所述安装外端上均安装有一所述永磁体。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其特征在于，4组所述C型定子绕组中每相对设置的两组所述C型定子绕组为一对；两对所述C型定子绕组交叉并联；
    任意相邻两所述永磁体的相互靠近的两磁极为同性磁极。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其特征在于，4组所述C型定子绕组中每相对设置的两组所述C型定子绕组为一对，两对所述C型定子绕组之间呈锐角交叉布置；
    4个所述永磁体沿所述第二圆形间隔均匀分布，且任意相邻两所述永磁体的相互靠近的两磁极均为异性磁极。
  9. 根据权利要求1～3任意一项所述的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其特征在于，当所述永磁体和所述C型定子绕组均设置有奇数个时，还配置有异步换向电调。
  10. 根据权利要求1～3任意一项所述的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其特征在于，所述C型软铁由长方形软铁片挤压成形。
  11. 根据权利要求1～3任意一项所述的具有C型定子绕组的甜甜圈型电磁马达，其特征在于，还配置有位置传感器，所述位置传感器设置于所述扁平状圆形外壳内。
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US5798591A (en) * 1993-07-19 1998-08-25 T-Flux Pty Limited Electromagnetic machine with permanent magnet rotor
DE19733616A1 (de) * 1997-08-04 1999-02-11 Feldmann Johann Verfahren zum Wickeln von Wicklungen auf einem Ringkern und zu bewickelnder Ringkern
CN202363994U (zh) * 2011-11-30 2012-08-01 山东斯巴特电力驱动技术有限公司 电动汽车用盘式电机
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