WO2023070138A1 - Élément de liaison - Google Patents

Élément de liaison Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023070138A1
WO2023070138A1 PCT/AT2022/060368 AT2022060368W WO2023070138A1 WO 2023070138 A1 WO2023070138 A1 WO 2023070138A1 AT 2022060368 W AT2022060368 W AT 2022060368W WO 2023070138 A1 WO2023070138 A1 WO 2023070138A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shape
holding section
edge
thickness
connecting element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2022/060368
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Anton KRALER
Andreas POMAROLI
Philipp ZINGERLE
Bernhard Maurer
Christian STÖFFLER
Martin LENGAUER-STOCKNER
Original Assignee
Universität Innsbruck
Holzbau Lengauer-Stockner Gmbh
Fs1 Fiedler Stöffler Ziviltechniker Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universität Innsbruck, Holzbau Lengauer-Stockner Gmbh, Fs1 Fiedler Stöffler Ziviltechniker Gmbh filed Critical Universität Innsbruck
Priority to CA3234234A priority Critical patent/CA3234234A1/fr
Publication of WO2023070138A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023070138A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
    • E04B1/6145—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with recesses in both frontal surfaces co-operating with an additional connecting element
    • E04B1/6158—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with recesses in both frontal surfaces co-operating with an additional connecting element the connection made by formlocking
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/262—Connection node with interlocking of specially shaped wooden members, e.g. puzzle type connection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/2628—Interlocking connectors, e.g. with hooks or dovetails, added to the elongated wooden members
    • E04B2001/2636—Interlocking connectors, e.g. with hooks or dovetails, added to the elongated wooden members with connectors located in slots of the wooden members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/2676—Connector nodes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B2001/6195—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the slabs being connected at an angle, e.g. forming a corner

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a connecting element for connecting wooden components.
  • EP 1 239 092 A1 discloses a metallic, multi-part connecting element for connecting two beams with two connecting flanges, which are each screwed to the beam to be connected.
  • a connecting flange has a slot-shaped recess into which an adapted projection of the other connecting flange is inserted.
  • EP 3 359 754 B1 describes connecting elements in order to connect two components to one another along surfaces facing one another.
  • two components with a recess are connected to one another by a connecting element.
  • This is designed as a kind of double dovetail (also known as a Hoffmann dovetail), with the two dovetails being arranged in such a way that the narrow end of one dovetail is connected to the narrow end of the other dovetail and the wide ends of the dovetail are spaced apart.
  • the corresponding recesses in the components are positively connected to form a dovetail, with the recesses being narrower in the region of their opening at the edge of the component and wider in the interior of the component.
  • Such connecting elements are well suited for connecting two components to one another at the ends.
  • the dovetail connection consists of a pin provided on the first component with lateral outer surfaces converging in a wedge shape in the insertion direction and a groove provided on the second component, which contains inner side surfaces corresponding to the outer surfaces of the pin.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a connecting element which enables the connection of a ceiling element made of wood to a wall element made of wood without using a great deal of material and enabling very high stability in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
  • a rear holding section with a second thickness the front holding section having a flat front boundary surface, the rear holding section having a flat rear boundary surface, the front boundary surface and the rear boundary surface being arranged essentially parallel, the front boundary surface having an edge with U-shape, polygonal shape or V-shape, the rear boundary surface having a U-shape, polygonal shape or V-shape edge, the U-shape, polygonal shape or V-shape of the edge of the front boundary surface to the U-shape, Polygon shape or V-shape of the edge of the rear boundary surface are rotated at an angle of 90° to 180° to each other, the width of the front holding section from the area of the edge with U-shape, polygon shape or V-shape along the first thickness to the rear holding section the width of the rear retaining portion decreases from the region of the U-shape, polygonal shape or V-shape edge along the second thickness toward the front retaining portion.
  • connection With such a connecting element, structural elements made of wood, which have form-fitting recesses for the holding sections, can not only be easily connected; the connection is also very stable and also very tight due to the form fit.
  • the connecting element forms a coupling element that is independent of the structural elements, which can be optimized separately and sunk into the structural element, such as ceiling or wall elements, without overhanging dimensions.
  • the loss of material for the production of a peg or projection in the component is eliminated.
  • the plate elements on both sides remain unaffected by the connecting element, except for the accurately fitting recess of the respective pivot hole, without requiring excessively large recesses for assembly purposes, etc.
  • the alignment of the panels is not exceeded on both sides of the connection by the system connection, so that this system is also very well suited for multi-storey walls with subsequently suspended ceilings.
  • the holding sections of the connecting element can be connected to one another seamlessly and with a force fit and thus be independent of the panel elements to be connected. These are simply sunk into precisely fitting mortises arranged on both sides of the panel elements without changing the outer panel dimensions such as alignment. Thus, the holding sections do not have to be screwed onto the plate elements. Therefore, the connection system does not require any metal tools such as screws or bolts.
  • both the front boundary surface has an edge with a U shape or V shape and that the rear boundary surface has an edge with a U shape or V shape.
  • the U-shape is particularly preferred.
  • the connecting element is designed in one piece. It can be made, for example, by milling.
  • An alternative embodiment provides that the front holding section is connected to the rear holding section via pin-shaped connecting means.
  • the connecting element is made of wood; if necessary, binders or adhesives are also provided in order to connect the wooden elements of the holding sections.
  • the connecting element can have at least one holding section made of laminated veneer lumber. Therefore, binders are also provided for this reason.
  • the main grain direction of the laminated veneer lumber is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the U-shape, polygon shape or V-shape.
  • the connecting means is completely independent of the panel elements and can therefore also be optimized or conditioned.
  • the U-shape, polygonal shape or V-shape of the edge of the front boundary surface is rotated by approximately 180° relative to the U-shape, polygonal shape or V-shape of the edge of the rear boundary surface.
  • Other angles allow, for example, wall and ceiling elements to be installed at an angle (e.g. at an obtuse angle).
  • the connecting element and the two plate elements with milled, precisely fitting peg holes do not oversize the alignments, so that the connecting element is also very well suited for retrofitted renovations or extensions for renovations.
  • the width of the front holding portion linearly decreases from the region of the U-shape, polygonal shape or V-shape edge along the first thickness to the rear holding portion. Therefore, the outer contour along the thickness of the front holding portion is also U-shaped, polygonal or V-shaped, but the size of the U-shape, polygonal shape or V-shape decreases.
  • the width of the rear holding portion linearly decreases from the region of the U-shape, polygonal shape or V-shape edge along the second thickness toward the rear holding portion. Therefore, the outer contour along the thickness of the rear holding portion is also U-shaped, polygonal or V-shaped, but the U-shape, polygonal or V-shape decreases in size.
  • the width of the front holding section preferably decreases from the area of the edge with a U shape, polygon shape or V shape along the first thickness to the rear holding section up to a parting plane between the front holding section and the rear holding section. Furthermore, it can be provided that the width of the rear holding section decreases from the region of the edge with a U shape, polygon shape or V shape along the second thickness to the parting plane. Both holding sections remain seamlessly and non-positively connected to one another.
  • the width may gradually decrease along the first thickness to the rear support portion.
  • This also applies analogously to the rear holding section, so that the width of the rear holding section is gradual from the area of the edge with a U shape, polygon shape or V shape along the second thickness to the front holding section can decrease.
  • Such steps can increase the stability of the connection.
  • Gradually decreasing width means that the width of the respective holding section initially decreases linearly in some areas from the U-shaped, polygonal or V-shaped edge along the respective thickness to the other holding section, with a step then being provided in which the width towards the other holding section increases abruptly and forms a new edge with a U-shape, polygonal shape or V-shape, the width linearly decreasing again from the new edge along the respective thickness to the other holding section.
  • a sealing element can be applied along the first thickness and/or along the second thickness for acoustic decoupling and an airtight connection of the connected components.
  • the sealing element can be a soundproofing element, an airtight element, a fire protection sealing element or a combination thereof.
  • the invention also relates to a set comprising
  • a sealing element can be inserted along a component for acoustic decoupling and an airtight connection of the connected components.
  • the sealing element is folded into the component.
  • This sealing element can also be placed in the recess on the back of a holding section.
  • both retaining sections can also be installed at an angle, relative to the axes of the components to be connected.
  • Fig. La to Id show a first embodiment of a connecting element according to the invention in oblique view (Fig. La), front view (Fig. 1b), side view (Fig. 1c) and rear view (Fig. Id).
  • Fig. 2a to 2d show a second embodiment of a connecting element according to the invention in oblique view (Fig. 2a), front view (Fig. 2b), side view (Fig. 2c) and rear view (Fig. 2d).
  • Fig. 3a to 3d show the embodiment variant of the connecting element of Fig. La to Id with a sealing element.
  • FIG. 4a to 4d show a third embodiment variant of a connecting element according to the invention in oblique view (Fig. 4a), front view (Fig. 4b), side view (Fig. 4c) and rear view (Fig. 4d).
  • 5a to 5d shows the connecting element according to FIG.
  • FIGS shows the connecting element according to FIGS ) or oblique view in two views (Fig. 6c and Fig. 6d).
  • FIG. La to Id show a connecting element 1 according to the invention.
  • the connecting element 1 comprises a front holding section 2 with a first thickness d2 and a rear holding section 3 with a second thickness d3.
  • the two holding elements 2, 3 engage in complementary recesses on the components (see FIG. 5).
  • the front holding section 2 has a flat front boundary surface 4 towards the front of the connecting element 1 .
  • the front boundary surface 4 is designed in such a way that the edge shows a U-shape.
  • the rear holding section 3 has a flat rear boundary surface 5, the rear boundary surface 5 also having a U-shaped edge.
  • Front boundary surface 4 and rear boundary surface 5 are arranged parallel to one another.
  • the respective "U" of the U-shape of the edge of the front boundary surface 4 is rotated relative to the U-shape of the edge of the rear boundary surface 5 by an angle of a 180°.
  • the width b2 of the front holding section 2 extends from the area of the U-shaped edge along the first thickness d2 towards the rear holding section 3 decreases.
  • the width b3 of the rear holding section 3 decreases from the area of the U-shaped edge along the second thickness d3 in the direction towards the front holding section 2 .
  • the connecting element 1 consists accordingly only of wood and binder, the binder being necessary to build up the laminated veneer lumber.
  • Both holding sections 2, 3 consequently consist of laminated veneer lumber, the main grain direction of the laminated veneer lumber being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the U-shape.
  • the width b3 of the rear holding portion 3 linearly decreases from the area of the U-shaped edge along the second thickness d3 toward the front holding portion 2 .
  • the width b3 of the rear holding section 3 decreases from the region of the U-shaped edge along the second thickness d3 to the parting plane E.
  • the width b2 of the front holding section 2 decreases from the region of the U-shaped edge along the first thickness d2 to the rear holding section 3 up to a parting plane E between the front holding section 2 and the rear holding section 3 .
  • the parting plane E is only shown in FIG. 2a, which otherwise also shows a connecting element 1 analogous to FIG. 1a to 1d.
  • FIGS. 1 a to 1 d the connecting element in FIGS .
  • eight connecting means 9 are shown, which are arranged approximately in a circle on the respective holding section 2, 3 in order to optimize the load distribution.
  • the holding sections 2, 3 have bores into which the connecting means 9 are inserted.
  • the connecting means 9 can be force-fitted into the bores and/or glued into the bores.
  • FIGS. 1a to 1d and 2a to 2d are analogous.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3d corresponds to the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1a to 1d, a sealing element 11 being applied along a thickness d3.
  • the sealing element 11 is a combination of soundproofing element, airtightness element and fire protection sealing element.
  • Figs. 4a to 4d a modification of the embodiment of Figs. La to Id is shown.
  • the width b3 of the rear holding section 3 decreases in stages from the U-shaped edge along the second thickness d3 to the front holding section 2 in some areas. This means that the width b3 of the rear holding section 3 decreases in regions from the U-shaped edge along the second thickness d3 to the front holding section 2, then increases again at a stage and finally decreases again.
  • FIG. 5a to 5d shows a connecting element 1 as described in FIGS. 1a to 1d, as well as a first component 31 in the form of a wall element and a second component 32 in the form of a ceiling element.
  • the first component 31 has a recess which is formed in a form-fitting manner with respect to the front holding section 2 .
  • the second component 32 has a recess which is formed in a form-fitting manner with respect to the rear holding section 3 .
  • the component can thus connect a wall element to a ceiling element.
  • the shape of the connecting element 1, the recesses in the components and the form-fitting connection enable an ideal transmission of force from the ceiling element 32 to the wall element 31.
  • the pressures (Poecke and Pwand) acting on the connecting element 1 are shown in FIG. 5a.
  • 5c and 5d show views with several connecting elements in order to connect a ceiling element 32 to a wall element 31.
  • FIGS. 1a to 1d shows a connecting element 1 as described in FIGS. 1a to 1d, as well as a first component 31 in the form of a wall element and a second component 32 in the form of a ceiling element.
  • the first component 31 has an oversized recess—shown obliquely here—for receiving a sealing element 11 inserted at the rear, which is designed in a form-fitting manner with respect to the front holding section 2 together with the sealing element 11 .
  • the second component 32 has a recess--shown obliquely here--which is formed in a form-fitting manner with respect to the rear holding section 3.
  • a fold with a built-in sealing element 11 is also shown along the wall element.
  • FIG. 6a and 6b show the complete system, consisting of a sealing element 11 inserted between the first component 31 and the front holding section 2, as well as front and rear holding sections 2, 3, which are positioned at an angle relative to the axes of the components to be connected, both in the assembled state ( Fig. 6a) and in an exploded view (Fig. 6b).
  • the sealing element 11 can be inserted into a fold 12 along the first component 31 .
  • 6c and 6d show a first and a second component 31, 32, which are connected to one another using a plurality of connecting elements 1 and, in addition, between the first component 31 and the front holding sections 2 of the connecting elements 1 Gasket 11 have.
  • the seal 11 can also be arranged in each case between the second component 32 and the rear holding section 3 in the embodiment variants in FIGS. 6a to 6d.
  • the shape of the connecting element 1, the recesses in the components and the form-fitting connection enables an ideal transmission of force from the second component 32, the ceiling element, to the first component 31, the wall element.
  • the pressures (Poecke and Pwand) acting on the connecting element 1 are shown in FIG. 6a.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de liaison (1), comprenant une section de retenue avant (2) ayant une première épaisseur (d2), une section de retenue arrière (3) ayant une seconde épaisseur (d3), la section de retenue avant (2) a également une surface limite avant (4), la section de retenue arrière (3) a une surface limite arrière régulière (5) la surface limite avant (4) et la surface limite arrière (5) étant disposées de manière sensiblement parallèle, la surface limite avant (4) a un bord ayant une forme en U, une forme polygonale ou une forme en V, la surface limite arrière (5) a un bord ayant une forme en U, une forme polygonale ou une forme en V, la forme en U, la forme polygonale ou la forme en V du bord de la surface limite avant (4) et la forme en U, la forme polygonale ou la forme en V du bord de la surface limite arrière (5) sont tournées l'une par rapport à l'autre par un angle (a) de 90° à 180°, la largeur (b2) de la section de retenue avant (2) diminue à partir de la région du bord avec la forme en U, la forme polygonale ou la forme en V, le long de la première épaisseur (d2), à la section de retenue arrière (3), la largeur (b3) de la section de retenue arrière (3) diminue à partir de la région du bord avec la forme en U, la forme polygonale ou la forme en V, le long de la seconde épaisseur (d3), jusqu'à la section de retenue avant (2).
PCT/AT2022/060368 2021-10-25 2022-10-24 Élément de liaison WO2023070138A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA3234234A CA3234234A1 (fr) 2021-10-25 2022-10-24 Element de liaison

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50849/2021 2021-10-25
ATA50849/2021A AT525590A1 (de) 2021-10-25 2021-10-25 Verbindungselement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023070138A1 true WO2023070138A1 (fr) 2023-05-04

Family

ID=84329419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT2022/060368 WO2023070138A1 (fr) 2021-10-25 2022-10-24 Élément de liaison

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AT (1) AT525590A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3234234A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023070138A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR925790A (fr) * 1946-04-19 1947-09-12 Assemblage d'éléments de construction adjacents d'édifices en bois
EP1239092A1 (fr) 2001-03-06 2002-09-11 BMF- SIMPSON GmbH Liaison a bois pour connecter deux composants de construction, en particulier deux poutres
DE102007058662A1 (de) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-10 Adam Mathes Steckverbindungssystem mit einem Steckteil und einem Aufnahmeteil
CN201991892U (zh) * 2011-01-25 2011-09-28 刘谦益 一种斜锁榫接结构
DE102011008752A1 (de) 2011-01-17 2012-07-19 Hans Hundegger Schwalbenschwanzverbindung
EP3359754B1 (fr) 2015-11-26 2019-09-11 Josef Schilcher Élément de construction et procédé de fabrication
US20210310232A1 (en) * 2018-08-01 2021-10-07 Sai Group Holdings Kabushiki Kaisha Box-shaped building unit and building

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2347049A (en) * 1942-08-19 1944-04-18 Curtis Companies Inc Structural joint
US3589758A (en) * 1969-06-20 1971-06-29 Harold M King Attachment system for prefabricated units
CH688409A5 (de) * 1994-06-22 1997-09-15 Fritz Rutz Verbindungsanordnung.
DE102008059464A1 (de) * 2007-11-30 2009-06-04 Reiner Zoller Verbindungssystem und Verbindungsvorrichtung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR925790A (fr) * 1946-04-19 1947-09-12 Assemblage d'éléments de construction adjacents d'édifices en bois
EP1239092A1 (fr) 2001-03-06 2002-09-11 BMF- SIMPSON GmbH Liaison a bois pour connecter deux composants de construction, en particulier deux poutres
DE102007058662A1 (de) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-10 Adam Mathes Steckverbindungssystem mit einem Steckteil und einem Aufnahmeteil
DE102011008752A1 (de) 2011-01-17 2012-07-19 Hans Hundegger Schwalbenschwanzverbindung
CN201991892U (zh) * 2011-01-25 2011-09-28 刘谦益 一种斜锁榫接结构
EP3359754B1 (fr) 2015-11-26 2019-09-11 Josef Schilcher Élément de construction et procédé de fabrication
US20210310232A1 (en) * 2018-08-01 2021-10-07 Sai Group Holdings Kabushiki Kaisha Box-shaped building unit and building

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Publication number Publication date
AT525590A1 (de) 2023-05-15
CA3234234A1 (fr) 2023-05-04

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