WO2023062876A1 - Dispositif de combustion et chaudière - Google Patents

Dispositif de combustion et chaudière Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023062876A1
WO2023062876A1 PCT/JP2022/024360 JP2022024360W WO2023062876A1 WO 2023062876 A1 WO2023062876 A1 WO 2023062876A1 JP 2022024360 W JP2022024360 W JP 2022024360W WO 2023062876 A1 WO2023062876 A1 WO 2023062876A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ammonia
injection nozzle
injection
pulverized coal
furnace
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/024360
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
大樹 石井
亮 花岡
Original Assignee
株式会社Ihi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社Ihi filed Critical 株式会社Ihi
Priority to JP2022563235A priority Critical patent/JP7332060B1/ja
Priority to KR1020247002590A priority patent/KR20240017097A/ko
Priority to CN202280054400.3A priority patent/CN117795250A/zh
Priority to AU2022367978A priority patent/AU2022367978B2/en
Publication of WO2023062876A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023062876A1/fr
Priority to US18/402,857 priority patent/US20240230085A9/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/08—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water
    • F23N1/087—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water using mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
    • F23C1/10—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air liquid and pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
    • F23C1/12—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air gaseous and pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J7/00—Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion

Definitions

  • Patent Literature 1 discloses a burner for co-firing pulverized coal and ammonia as fuel.
  • NOx nitrogen oxides
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide a combustion device and a boiler capable of suppressing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions.
  • the combustion apparatus of the present disclosure includes an ammonia injection nozzle whose injection port faces the interior space of the furnace, a pulverized coal injection nozzle whose injection port faces the interior space of the furnace, and ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle. and a control device for controlling the operation of the adjustment mechanism so that the ammonia injection flow velocity from the ammonia injection nozzle is faster than the pulverized coal injection flow velocity from the pulverized coal injection nozzle.
  • the adjustment mechanism may include a mechanism that adjusts the opening area of the injection port of the ammonia injection nozzle.
  • the ammonia injection nozzle is provided with a plurality of ammonia flow paths, and the adjustment mechanism may include a mechanism for adjusting the number of ammonia flow paths through which ammonia flows among the plurality of ammonia flow paths.
  • the boiler of the present disclosure includes the above combustion device.
  • nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a boiler according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a combustion device according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an adjusting mechanism according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the opening area of the injection port of the ammonia injection nozzle according to this embodiment is smaller than in the example of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing an example of the flow of processing performed by the control device according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining flames formed by the combustion apparatus according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining flames formed by a combustion device according to a comparative example.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a combustion device according to a modification.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the inside of an ammonia injection nozzle according to a modification.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a boiler 1 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the boiler 1 includes a furnace 2, a flue 3, and burners 4.
  • Furnace 2 is a furnace that burns fuel to generate combustion heat.
  • the furnace 2 has a tubular shape such as a rectangular tubular shape extending in the vertical direction.
  • high-temperature combustion gas is generated by burning fuel.
  • the bottom of the furnace 2 is provided with an outlet 2a for discharging ash generated by combustion of fuel to the outside.
  • the flue 3 is a passage that guides the combustion gas generated in the furnace 2 to the outside as exhaust gas.
  • a flue 3 is connected to the upper part of the furnace 2 .
  • the flue 3 has a horizontal flue 3a and a rear flue 3b.
  • a horizontal flue 3 a extends horizontally from the top of the furnace 2 .
  • a rear flue 3b extends downward from the end of the horizontal flue 3a.
  • the boiler 1 has a superheater (not shown) installed above the furnace 2 or the like. In the superheater, heat is exchanged between the combustion heat generated in the furnace 2 and water. Water vapor is thereby generated.
  • the boiler 1 may also include various devices such as reheaters, economizers or air preheaters not shown in FIG.
  • the burner 4 is provided on the lower wall of the furnace 2.
  • a plurality of burners 4 are provided in the furnace 2 at intervals in the circumferential direction of the furnace 2 .
  • the plurality of burners 4 are also spaced apart in the vertical direction, which is the extending direction of the furnace 2 .
  • the burner 4 injects ammonia and pulverized coal as fuel into the furnace 2 .
  • a flame F is formed in the furnace 2 by burning the fuel injected from the burner 4 .
  • the furnace 2 is provided with an ignition device (not shown) that ignites the fuel injected from the burner 4.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the combustion device 100 according to this embodiment.
  • the combustion device 100 includes a burner 4 , an air supply section 5 , an ammonia tank 6 , an adjustment mechanism 7 and a control device 8 .
  • the burner 4 is attached to the wall of the furnace 2 outside the furnace 2 .
  • the burner 4 has an ammonia injection nozzle 41 , an air injection nozzle 42 and a pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 .
  • the ammonia injection nozzle 41 is a nozzle that injects ammonia.
  • the air injection nozzle 42 is a nozzle that injects air for combustion.
  • the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 is a nozzle that injects pulverized coal.
  • the ammonia injection nozzle 41, the air injection nozzle 42 and the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 have a cylindrical shape.
  • the air injection nozzle 42 is arranged coaxially with the ammonia injection nozzle 41 so as to surround the ammonia injection nozzle 41 .
  • the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 is arranged coaxially with the air injection nozzle 42 so as to surround the air injection nozzle 42 .
  • the ammonia injection nozzle 41, the air injection nozzle 42 and the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 form a triple cylindrical structure.
  • the central axes of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 , the air injection nozzle 42 and the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 intersect the wall of the furnace 2 . Specifically, the central axes of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 , the air injection nozzle 42 and the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 are substantially perpendicular to the wall of the furnace 2 .
  • the radial direction of the burner 4, the axial direction of the burner 4, and the circumferential direction of the burner 4 are also simply referred to as the radial direction, the axial direction, and the circumferential direction.
  • the furnace 2 side of the burner 4 (the right side in FIG. 2) is called the front end side, and the opposite side of the burner 4 to the furnace 2 side (the left side in FIG. 2) is called the rear end side.
  • the ammonia injection nozzle 41 includes a main body 41a, a supply port 41b, and an injection port 41c.
  • the main body 41a has a cylindrical shape.
  • the main body 41a extends on the central axis of the burner 4. As shown in FIG.
  • the thickness, inner diameter and outer diameter of the main body 41a are substantially constant regardless of the position in the axial direction. However, the thickness, inner diameter and outer diameter of the main body 41a may change according to the axial position.
  • a supply port 41b which is an opening, is provided at the rear end of the main body 41a.
  • the supply port 41 b is connected with the ammonia tank 6 .
  • An injection port 41c which is an opening, is provided at the tip of the main body 41a.
  • the injection port 41 c faces the internal space of the furnace 2 . In other words, the injection port 41c faces the internal space of the furnace 2 .
  • Ammonia is supplied from the ammonia tank 6 into the main body 41a through the supply port 41b. As indicated by arrow A1, ammonia supplied into main body 41a flows through main body 41a. Ammonia passing through the main body 41a is injected toward the internal space of the furnace 2 from the injection port 41c. Thus, the ammonia injection nozzle 41 is provided toward the inner space of the furnace 2 .
  • Ammonia is stored in a liquid state in the ammonia tank 6 .
  • Ammonia stored in the ammonia tank 6 is vaporized by a vaporizer. Vaporized ammonia is supplied to the ammonia injection nozzle 41 .
  • the air injection nozzle 42 includes a main body 42a and an injection port 42b.
  • the main body 42a has a cylindrical shape.
  • the main body 42a is arranged coaxially with the main body 41a of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 so as to surround the main body 41a.
  • the main body 42a has a shape that tapers toward the distal end.
  • a supply port (not shown) is provided in the rear portion of the main body 42a.
  • the supply port of the air injection nozzle 42 is connected to an air supply source (not shown).
  • the supply port of the air injection nozzle 42 is exposed to the atmosphere as an air supply source.
  • An injection port 42b which is an opening, is provided at the tip of the main body 42a.
  • the tip of the main body 41a of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 is positioned radially inside the tip of the main body 42a.
  • the injection port 42 b is an annular opening between the tip of the main body 42 a and the tip of the main body 41 a of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 .
  • the injection port 42 b faces the internal space of the furnace 2 . In other words, the injection port 42b faces the internal space of the furnace 2 .
  • Air is supplied into the main body 42a from an air supply source through a supply port (not shown).
  • the air supplied into the main body 42a flows through the space between the inner peripheral portion of the main body 42a and the outer peripheral portion of the main body 41a of the ammonia injection nozzle 41, as indicated by the arrow A2.
  • the air that has passed through the main body 42a is injected toward the internal space of the furnace 2 from the injection port 42b.
  • the air injection nozzle 42 is provided toward the interior space of the furnace 2 .
  • the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 includes a main body 43a and an injection port 43b.
  • the main body 43a has a cylindrical shape.
  • the main body 43a is arranged coaxially with the main body 42a of the air injection nozzle 42 so as to surround the main body 42a.
  • the main body 43a has a tapered shape toward the distal end.
  • a supply port (not shown) is provided in the rear portion of the main body 43a.
  • the supply port of the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 is connected to a pulverized coal supply source (not shown).
  • An injection port 43b which is an opening, is provided at the tip of the main body 43a.
  • the axial position of the tip of the main body 43 a substantially coincides with the axial position of the tip of the main body 42 a of the air injection nozzle 42 .
  • the injection port 43 b is an annular opening between the tip of the main body 43 a and the tip of the main body 42 a of the air injection nozzle 42 .
  • the injection port 43 b faces the internal space of the furnace 2 . In other words, the injection port 43b faces the internal space of the furnace 2 .
  • Pulverized coal is supplied from a pulverized coal supply source into the main body 43a through a supply port (not shown) together with air for transporting the pulverized coal.
  • the pulverized coal supplied into the main body 43a flows together with the air in the space between the inner peripheral portion of the main body 43a and the outer peripheral portion of the main body 42a of the air injection nozzle .
  • the pulverized coal that has passed through the main body 43a is injected toward the internal space of the furnace 2 from the injection port 43b.
  • the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 is provided toward the interior space of the furnace 2 .
  • the air supply unit 5 supplies combustion air to the flame F formed by the burner 4 from the outside in the radial direction.
  • the air supply unit 5 is arranged so as to cover the space between the tip of the burner 4 and the furnace 2 .
  • a flow path 51 through which air flows is formed in the air supply portion 5 .
  • the channel 51 is formed in a cylindrical shape coaxial with the burner 4 .
  • the flow path 51 is connected to an air supply source (not shown).
  • An injection port 52 is formed at the end of the flow path 51 on the furnace 2 side.
  • the air supplied from the air supply source to the air supply unit 5 passes through the flow path 51 and is injected from the injection port 52 toward the internal space of the furnace 2.
  • the injection port 52 faces the internal space of the furnace 2 . That is, the injection port 52 faces the internal space of the furnace 2 .
  • the air supply unit 5 is provided toward the inner space of the furnace 2 .
  • the air injected from the injection port 52 of the air supply unit 5 advances toward the inner space of the furnace 2 while swirling in the circumferential direction.
  • the adjustment mechanism 7 is a mechanism for adjusting the injection flow rate of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 .
  • the injection flow velocity of ammonia is the flow velocity of ammonia injected from the injection port 41 c of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 .
  • the adjustment mechanism 7 adjusts the injection flow rate of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 by adjusting the opening area of the injection port 41 c of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 . Details of the adjustment mechanism 7 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the adjusting mechanism 7 according to this embodiment.
  • the tip of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 is provided with a variable portion 41d.
  • the variable portion 41d deforms, the opening area of the injection port 41c changes.
  • the variable portion 41d includes a plurality of members spaced apart in the circumferential direction, and can be deformed so as to assume an inclined posture in which the tip of each member is positioned radially inward from the rear end.
  • a variable part 41d for example, a structure similar to that of a convergence divergence nozzle can be adopted.
  • the adjustment mechanism 7 has a driving device 71 .
  • the driving device 71 deforms the variable portion 41 d of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 .
  • the driving device 71 is provided at the rear end of the variable portion 41d and includes a power source such as a motor that generates power.
  • the driving device 71 can change the posture of the variable portion 41d by rotating the variable portion 41d around the rear end of the variable portion 41d.
  • the adjustment mechanism 7 can adjust the opening area of the injection port 41 c of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 by deforming the variable portion 41 d of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 with the driving device 71 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the opening area of the injection port 41c of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 according to this embodiment is smaller than in the example of FIG.
  • the variable portion 41d is deformed such that the radial position of the tip of the variable portion 41d moves radially inward.
  • the shape of the variable portion 41d is tapered toward the distal end side.
  • the variable portion 41d in FIG. 4 has a truncated cone shape. Therefore, the opening area of the injection port 41c of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 is reduced.
  • the adjustment mechanism 7 can adjust the injection flow rate of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 by adjusting the opening area of the injection port 41 c of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 .
  • the injection flow rate of ammonia is properly adjusted.
  • the control device 8 in FIG. 2 includes a central processing unit (CPU), a ROM storing programs and the like, a RAM as a work area, and the like, and controls the combustion device 100 as a whole.
  • controller 8 controls the operation of adjustment mechanism 7 .
  • the control device 8 controls the driving device 71 of the adjusting mechanism 7 to adjust the opening area of the injection port 41c of the ammonia injection nozzle 41, thereby adjusting the injection flow rate of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41. can do.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing performed by the control device 8 according to this embodiment.
  • the processing flow shown in FIG. 5 is, for example, repeatedly executed at preset time intervals.
  • the processing example of FIG. 5 is merely an example, and the processing performed by the control device 8 is not limited to this example.
  • step S101 the control device 8 acquires the injection flow rate of pulverized coal from the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43.
  • the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal is the flow velocity of pulverized coal injected from the injection port 43 b of the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 .
  • the amount of carrier air supplied to the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 changes according to the required combustion amount in the furnace 2 .
  • the pulverized coal injection flow rate changes according to the required combustion amount in the furnace 2 .
  • the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal increases as the required combustion amount in the furnace 2 increases.
  • the required combustion amount in the furnace 2 has a correlation with the required load of the boiler 1 or the required power generation amount.
  • control device 8 acquires the supply amount of air for transportation from a device that controls the supply amount of air for transportation supplied to the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 . Then, the control device 8 can acquire the jet flow velocity of the pulverized coal based on the supply amount of air for transportation.
  • the controller 8 may control the amount of carrier air supplied to the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 .
  • step S102 the control device 8 controls the adjustment mechanism 7 so that the injection flow rate of ammonia is faster than the injection flow rate of pulverized coal.
  • the control device 8 controls the driving device 71 of the adjustment mechanism 7 so that the opening area of the injection port 41c of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 changes according to the injection flow rate of pulverized coal.
  • the injection flow velocity of ammonia can be made faster than the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal.
  • control device 8 controls the adjustment mechanism 7 in consideration of parameters other than the opening area of the injection port 41c among the parameters that affect the injection flow rate of ammonia.
  • the amount of ammonia supplied to the ammonia injection nozzle 41 can change according to the required combustion amount in the furnace 2 . Therefore, the control device 8 preferably controls the adjustment mechanism 7 based on the amount of ammonia supplied to the ammonia injection nozzle 41 in addition to the pulverized coal injection flow rate. As a result, the injection flow velocity of ammonia is more appropriately achieved to be faster than the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal.
  • the control device 8 may change the opening area of the injection port 41c of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 according to parameters other than the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal.
  • the control device 8 may change the opening area of the injection port 41 c of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 according to the required combustion amount in the furnace 2 , the required load of the boiler 1 , or the required power generation amount of the boiler 1 .
  • the control device 8 controls the injection flow rate of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 to be faster than the injection flow rate of pulverized coal from the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43. It controls the operation of the adjustment mechanism 7 .
  • the shape of the flame F formed in front of the burner 4 and the phenomenon occurring within the flame F differ depending on the magnitude relationship between the injection flow velocity of ammonia and the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal. The shape of the flame F and phenomena occurring within the flame F will be described below with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the flame F formed by the combustion device 100 according to this embodiment. That is, the flame F shown in FIG. 6 is a flame when the injection flow velocity of ammonia is faster than the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal.
  • the flame F has an elongated shape extending on the central axis of the burner 4.
  • a flow of air injected from the air supply section 5 is formed as indicated by the dashed arrow A5.
  • the pulverized coal injected from the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 is pulled by the flow of air injected from the air supply unit 5 and flows near the surface layer of the flame F. Therefore, the pulverized coal injected from the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 flows in the vicinity of the surface layer of the flame F, as indicated by the dashed arrow A6, along the air flow indicated by the dashed arrow A5.
  • the pulverized coal is burned in the region R1 near the surface layer of the flame F, and NOx is generated.
  • a region R1 is a pulverized coal combustion region.
  • the injection flow velocity of ammonia is higher than the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal. Therefore, the ammonia injected from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 is less likely to be pulled by the flow of air injected from the air supply section 5, so it flows in the axial direction of the burner 4 through the center of the flame F as indicated by the solid line arrow A7. .
  • the direction of flow of ammonia can actually take various directions, but the main direction is the axial direction of the burner 4 .
  • ammonia (NH 3 ) is decomposed into NH 2 , NH, and N in the oxygen-poor region R2 on the center side of the flame F.
  • the region R2 is positioned radially inward with respect to the region R1.
  • Region R2 is the decomposition region of ammonia.
  • Region R2 has an elongated shape extending on the central axis of burner 4 .
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the flame F formed by the combustion device according to the comparative example.
  • the injection flow velocity of ammonia is slower than the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal. That is, the flame F shown in FIG. 7 is a flame when the injection flow velocity of ammonia is slower than the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal.
  • the flame F has a radially expanded shape compared to the example of FIG.
  • the air injected from the air supply unit 5 and the pulverized coal injected from the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 are near the surface of the flame F. flowing.
  • pulverized coal is burned to generate NOx.
  • the injection flow velocity of ammonia is slower than the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal. Therefore, ammonia injected from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 is likely to be pulled by the flow of air injected from the air supply section 5 . Therefore, most of the ammonia injected from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 flows along the air flow indicated by the dashed arrow A5, as indicated by the solid arrow A7. As a result, in the oxygen-rich region R4 away from the center of the flame F to the surface layer side, ammonia burns and NOx is generated. Region R4 is the ammonia combustion region.
  • Part of the ammonia injected from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 is decomposed into NH 2 , NH, and N on the center side of the flame F where oxygen is scarce. Then, in the region R3 on the tip side of the flame F, NOx is reduced by NH 2 , NH, and N.
  • the control device 8 controls the adjustment mechanism 7 so that the injection flow rate of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 is faster than the injection flow rate of pulverized coal from the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43. control behavior.
  • the ammonia injected from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 can be sent to the oxygen-poor region R2 on the center side of the flame F and decomposed. Therefore, the generation of NOx due to combustion of ammonia is suppressed, and the decomposition of ammonia is promoted. Therefore, NOx is effectively reduced, and NOx emissions are suppressed.
  • the injection flow velocity of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 becomes excessively faster than the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal from the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43, the shape of the flame F formed in front of the burner 4, and within the flame F
  • the phenomenon that occurs may deviate from the example of FIG.
  • the ammonia injected from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 reaches the front of the region R2, which is the ammonia decomposition region, in a state where it is not sufficiently decomposed.
  • the amounts of NH 2 , NH, and N produced by decomposition of ammonia are reduced, and the effect of suppressing NOx emissions may be reduced.
  • control device 8 operates the adjustment mechanism 7 so that the injection flow rate of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 is faster than the injection flow rate of pulverized coal from the pulverized coal injection nozzle 43 and is equal to or lower than the upper limit speed. is preferably controlled.
  • the upper limit speed is, for example, a speed that is faster than the injection flow speed of pulverized coal by a predetermined ratio.
  • the flame F formed by the combustion device 100 has an elongated shape.
  • the time for the pulverized coal to come into contact with oxygen is lengthened, thus promoting the combustion of the pulverized coal. Therefore, generation and discharge of unburned fuel are suppressed.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a combustion device 100A according to a modification.
  • a combustion device 100A is an example in which the adjustment mechanism 7 in the combustion device 100 described above is replaced with an adjustment mechanism 7A.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the inside of an ammonia injection nozzle 41A according to a modification. Specifically, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 8 orthogonal to the central axis of the ammonia injection nozzle 41A.
  • a plurality of supply pipes 41e are provided inside the main body 41a of the ammonia injection nozzle 41A.
  • the supply pipe 41e has a tubular shape such as a cylindrical shape.
  • the supply pipe 41e extends in the axial direction of the main body 41a.
  • the supply pipes 41e are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the main body 41a.
  • the arrangement of the supply pipes 41e inside the main body 41a is not limited to the example in FIG.
  • Ammonia supplied from the ammonia tank 6 into the main body 41a passes through the ammonia flow path 41f, which is the internal space of each supply pipe 41e, and is injected from the injection port 41c.
  • the ammonia injection nozzle 41 is provided with a plurality of ammonia flow paths 41f.
  • the adjustment mechanism 7A in FIG. 8 adjusts the injection flow rate of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41A by adjusting the number of ammonia flow paths 41f through which ammonia flows among the plurality of ammonia flow paths 41f.
  • the adjustment mechanism 7A has a switching valve 71A.
  • 71 A of switching valves are provided in the flow path which connects the ammonia tank 6 and the ammonia injection nozzle 41A.
  • the switching valve 71A switches between a state in which ammonia is supplied from the ammonia tank 6 and a state in which ammonia is not supplied from the ammonia tank 6 for each supply pipe 41e.
  • the switching valve 71A switches the supply pipe 41e to which ammonia is supplied among the plurality of supply pipes 41e.
  • the number of ammonia flow paths 41f through which ammonia flows is adjusted among the plurality of ammonia flow paths 41f.
  • the adjustment mechanism 7A can adjust the injection flow rate of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41A by adjusting the number of ammonia flow paths 41f through which ammonia flows among the plurality of ammonia flow paths 41f.
  • the injection flow rate of ammonia is properly adjusted.
  • the control device 8 controls the adjustment mechanism 7A so that the injection flow velocity of ammonia is faster than the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal.
  • the control device 8 controls the switching valve 71A of the adjusting mechanism 7A so that the number of the ammonia flow paths 41f through which ammonia flows changes according to the injection flow rate of pulverized coal.
  • the injection flow velocity of ammonia can be made faster than the injection flow velocity of pulverized coal. Therefore, as with the combustion device 100 described above, NOx emissions are suppressed. In addition, generation and discharge of unburned fuel are suppressed.
  • the control device 8 may change the number of ammonia flow paths 41f through which ammonia flows according to parameters other than the injection flow rate of pulverized coal. For example, the control device 8 may change the number of ammonia flow paths 41f through which ammonia flows according to the required combustion amount in the furnace 2, the required load of the boiler 1, or the required power generation amount of the boiler 1.
  • the adjustment mechanism 7 and the adjustment mechanism 7A have been described above as examples of the adjustment mechanism that adjusts the injection flow rate of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 .
  • any mechanism other than the adjusting mechanism 7 and the adjusting mechanism 7A may be used as long as it has a function of adjusting the injection flow rate of ammonia from the ammonia injection nozzle 41 .
  • the adjustment mechanism 7 for adjusting the opening area of the injection port 41c of the ammonia injection nozzle 41 and the adjustment mechanism 7A for adjusting the number of the ammonia passages 41f among the plurality of ammonia passages 41f through which ammonia flows are used together. may
  • combustion devices 100 and 100A are provided in the furnace 2 of the boiler 1 .
  • the furnace in which the combustion devices 100 and 100A are used may be any furnace that burns fuel to generate combustion heat.
  • Combustion devices 100 and 100A can be used in various furnaces of equipment other than boiler 1 .
  • the present disclosure contributes to stabilization of combustion by combustion equipment used in boilers and the like, and reduction of repair frequency of combustion equipment. Ensure access to affordable and modern energy” and Goal 13 “Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts”.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif de combustion (100) comprend : une buse d'injection d'ammoniac (41) dotée d'un orifice d'injection (41c) faisant face à l'espace intérieur d'un four (2) ; une buse d'injection de charbon pulvérisé (43) munie d'un orifice d'injection (43b) faisant face à l'espace intérieur du four (2) ; un mécanisme de réglage (7) qui règle la vitesse d'injection de l'ammoniac à partir de la buse d'injection d'ammoniac (41) ; et un dispositif de commande (8) qui commande le fonctionnement du mécanisme de réglage (7) de telle sorte que la vitesse d'injection d'ammoniac à partir de la buse d'injection d'ammoniac (41) est plus rapide que la vitesse d'injection de charbon pulvérisé à partir de la buse d'injection de charbon pulvérisé (43).
PCT/JP2022/024360 2021-10-14 2022-06-17 Dispositif de combustion et chaudière WO2023062876A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022563235A JP7332060B1 (ja) 2021-10-14 2022-06-17 燃焼装置およびボイラ
KR1020247002590A KR20240017097A (ko) 2021-10-14 2022-06-17 연소 장치 및 보일러
CN202280054400.3A CN117795250A (zh) 2021-10-14 2022-06-17 燃烧装置以及锅炉
AU2022367978A AU2022367978B2 (en) 2021-10-14 2022-06-17 Combustion device and boiler
US18/402,857 US20240230085A9 (en) 2021-10-14 2024-01-03 Combustion device and boiler

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2021-169141 2021-10-14
JP2021169141 2021-10-14

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/402,857 Continuation US20240230085A9 (en) 2021-10-14 2024-01-03 Combustion device and boiler

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023062876A1 true WO2023062876A1 (fr) 2023-04-20

Family

ID=85988257

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2022/024360 WO2023062876A1 (fr) 2021-10-14 2022-06-17 Dispositif de combustion et chaudière

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JP7332060B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20240017097A (fr)
CN (1) CN117795250A (fr)
AU (1) AU2022367978B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023062876A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5827612U (ja) * 1981-08-12 1983-02-22 三菱重工業株式会社 粉粒体燃焼バ−ナ
JP2001227711A (ja) * 2000-02-17 2001-08-24 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd 低ＮＯｘバーナ
JP2018173177A (ja) * 2017-03-31 2018-11-08 株式会社Ihi 複合燃焼炉及び複合燃焼ボイラ
CN110873326A (zh) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-10 赫普科技发展（北京）有限公司 一种氨混配燃烧系统及采用氨混配燃烧系统的二氧化碳减排方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001065810A (ja) * 1999-08-25 2001-03-16 Nkk Corp 燃焼バーナの燃焼方法
JP7027817B2 (ja) 2017-11-02 2022-03-02 株式会社Ihi 燃焼装置及びボイラ

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5827612U (ja) * 1981-08-12 1983-02-22 三菱重工業株式会社 粉粒体燃焼バ−ナ
JP2001227711A (ja) * 2000-02-17 2001-08-24 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd 低ＮＯｘバーナ
JP2018173177A (ja) * 2017-03-31 2018-11-08 株式会社Ihi 複合燃焼炉及び複合燃焼ボイラ
CN110873326A (zh) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-10 赫普科技发展（北京）有限公司 一种氨混配燃烧系统及采用氨混配燃烧系统的二氧化碳减排方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP7332060B1 (ja) 2023-08-23
AU2022367978B2 (en) 2024-05-09
AU2022367978A1 (en) 2024-01-18
JPWO2023062876A1 (fr) 2023-04-20
CN117795250A (zh) 2024-03-29
US20240133550A1 (en) 2024-04-25
KR20240017097A (ko) 2024-02-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP7485500B2 (ja) 燃焼装置及びボイラ
KR20200050962A (ko) 낮은 NOx 및 CO 연소 버너 방법 및 장치
KR20040012525A (ko) 저산화질소 연소방법과 그 장치
WO2009134614A1 (fr) Brûleur à faible émission de nox
WO2022176347A1 (fr) Dispositif de combustion et chaudière
KR101238301B1 (ko) 2단 부분예혼합 분리 분사 및 배가스 재순환 분사 기능을 갖는 저질소산화물 산소연소기
JP7332060B1 (ja) 燃焼装置およびボイラ
KR101328255B1 (ko) 연소속도가 다른 복수의 가스를 사용하는 버너
JP6429471B2 (ja) 蓄熱式バーナ及び金属加熱炉
CN112189113A (zh) 燃料喷嘴系统
US20240230085A9 (en) Combustion device and boiler
WO2022176353A1 (fr) Dispositif de combustion et chaudière
WO2022176275A1 (fr) Dispositif de combustion et chaudière
WO2024122143A1 (fr) Dispositif de combustion
KR101199261B1 (ko) 2단 원통형 예혼합 연소관과 배가스 재순환 분사 기능을 갖는 저질소산화물 산소연소기
WO2023127919A1 (fr) Brûleur et four à combustion
JP7150102B1 (ja) 二段燃焼装置
WO2023120395A1 (fr) Brûleur à combustion d'ammoniac et chaudière
JP2017122540A (ja) バーナ
JP2023119728A (ja) バーナ
JP2023154262A (ja) バーナ
JP2761962B2 (ja) 低ＮＯ▲下ｘ▼ボイラ用バーナ並びに低ＮＯ▲下ｘ▼ボイラ及びその運転方法
JP2022130326A (ja) バーナ
WO2017056318A1 (fr) Brûleur à régénération et four métallique
Lifshits et al. Low NOx Burner

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2022563235

Country of ref document: JP

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22880582

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2022367978

Country of ref document: AU

Ref document number: AU2022367978

Country of ref document: AU

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022367978

Country of ref document: AU

Date of ref document: 20220617

Kind code of ref document: A

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20247002590

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1020247002590

Country of ref document: KR

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202280054400.3

Country of ref document: CN

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE