WO2023061341A1 - 一种纵波整流式流体驱动方法和使用该法的驱动装置 - Google Patents

一种纵波整流式流体驱动方法和使用该法的驱动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023061341A1
WO2023061341A1 PCT/CN2022/124450 CN2022124450W WO2023061341A1 WO 2023061341 A1 WO2023061341 A1 WO 2023061341A1 CN 2022124450 W CN2022124450 W CN 2022124450W WO 2023061341 A1 WO2023061341 A1 WO 2023061341A1
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fluid
longitudinal wave
vibrator
differential resistance
channel
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PCT/CN2022/124450
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English (en)
French (fr)
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魏合语
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深圳市帝拓电子有限公司
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Publication of WO2023061341A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023061341A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/04—Pumps having electric drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/02—Casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of fluid drive technology, in particular to a longitudinal wave rectification fluid drive method and a drive device using the method.
  • Driving fluid flow is very important in all walks of life, such as fans, fans and air pumps to push air to form wind, or to form airflow; water pumps, oil pumps to push water and oil for pumping water or forming hydraulic pressure, and so on. These behaviors play an important role in all walks of life.
  • the traditional fluid drive method limits the application of miniaturization, low cost, low noise and flexible transmission.
  • the present invention discloses a longitudinal wave rectification fluid drive method and a drive device using the method, which has obvious practical value .
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a longitudinal wave rectification fluid drive method comprising the steps of:
  • At least one differential resistance structure is arranged on the longitudinal wave channel of the fluid, so that the fluid moving in the longitudinal wave forms a pressure difference on both sides of the differential resistance structure;
  • the fluid forms a one-way relative movement with the differential resistance structure along the longitudinal wave movement direction;
  • the differential resistance structure is installed on the transmission channel of the longitudinal wave, and along the transmission direction of the longitudinal wave, it provides different bidirectional resistance to the fluid.
  • the differential resistance structure has different projection paths along the longitudinal wave transmission mode, or is provided with a one-way valve structure synchronous with the longitudinal wave.
  • a longitudinal wave rectification fluid drive device using the above method including a channel, a vibrator, a differential resistance structure, a connection port, a fluid delivery port and a drive circuit,
  • the driving circuit provides electric energy for the vibrator, drives the vibrator to generate mechanical vibration, and transmits vibration kinetic energy to the fluid,
  • the vibrator is fixedly installed at one end of the channel, and a passage for the fluid to flow into or out of the channel is provided between the vibrator and the inner wall of the channel.
  • the vibrator is used to apply periodic mechanical vibration to the fluid to form longitudinal waves in the fluid.
  • the connecting port is arranged at the end of the channel away from the vibrator, and the fluid delivery port is a fluid passage arranged in the connecting port,
  • the differential resistance structure is fixedly installed in the channel and is located between the vibrator and the connecting port, and is used to make the fluid moving in the longitudinal wave form a pressure difference on both sides thereof.
  • the cross-section of the differential resistance structure is spine-shaped, and the differential resistance structure faces the direction of the vibrator, and its diameter is larger than that of the direction facing away from the vibrator.
  • the differential resistance structure is provided with one or more inside the channel.
  • the differential resistance structure is composed of a connection port and a fluid channel, and the degree of coincidence and or parallelism between the through holes of the connection port and the fluid channel and the longitudinal wave transmission channel There are obvious differences.
  • a longitudinal wave rectification rotary engine using the above method including a casing, a rotor, a vibrator and a drive circuit,
  • the casing is used to seal the rotor, the vibrator and the driven fluid inside, and the casing is provided with a bearing assembled with the rotor,
  • the rotor includes a rotor body and an output shaft that closely fits with the rotor body.
  • the two ends of the shaft are respectively rotatably matched with the bearings on the casing.
  • a number of ratchet teeth evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer side of the rotor body.
  • the ratchet teeth shaped teeth are used to rectify the longitudinal wave,
  • the vibrator has at least one working surface fixedly installed inside the shell, and the vibrator is used to apply periodic mechanical vibration to the fluid to form a longitudinal wave in the fluid.
  • the central axis of the longitudinal wave is vertical to the output axis of the rotor in space, so that The transmission direction of the longitudinal wave output by the vibrator is tangent to the rotor,
  • the driving circuit provides electric energy for the vibrator, drives the vibrator to generate mechanical vibration, and transmits vibration kinetic energy to the fluid.
  • multiple sets of the vibrator are provided, and multiple sets of the vibrator are installed side by side along the axial direction of the output shaft inside the housing, and/or multiple sets of the vibrator are installed in the The inside of the shell is distributed in a circular direction.
  • the longitudinal wave rectification fluid drive method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can meet the application occasions of small flow and low power, and has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.
  • Fig. 1 is a working flow diagram of a longitudinal wave rectification type fluid drive method
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of a longitudinal wave rectification type fluid drive device
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram II of a longitudinal wave rectification type fluid drive device
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram III of a longitudinal wave rectification fluid drive device
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram 4 of a longitudinal wave rectification type fluid drive device.
  • this embodiment provides a longitudinal wave rectification fluid drive method, including the following steps:
  • At least one differential resistance structure is arranged on the longitudinal wave channel of the fluid, so that the fluid moving in the longitudinal wave forms a pressure difference on both sides of the differential resistance structure;
  • the fluid forms a one-way relative movement with the differential resistance structure along the longitudinal wave motion direction.
  • the power source for driving the periodic mechanical vibration of the fluid is a vibrator, and the vibrator outputs mechanical vibration in a reciprocating manner and transmits it to the fluid in contact with it, so during this process, longitudinal waves are formed in the fluid.
  • the so-called longitudinal wave that is, along the transmission direction of the mechanical wave, the fluid is periodically compressed and loosened, forming a periodic interval pressure difference in space.
  • the differential resistance structure is installed on the transmission channel of the longitudinal wave, and along the transmission direction of the longitudinal wave, it provides different bidirectional resistance to the fluid.
  • the fluid under the longitudinal wave has a resistance difference between the front and rear sides of the differential resistance structure, that is, under the action of the longitudinal wave, the fluid flows in one direction relative to the differential resistance structure, that is, it is rectified.
  • the differential resistance structure is installed on the transmission channel of the longitudinal wave, and along the transmission direction of the longitudinal wave, it provides different bidirectional resistance to the fluid.
  • the differential resistance structure has different projection paths along the transmission mode of the longitudinal wave, or is provided with a one-way valve structure synchronous with the longitudinal wave.
  • the projected path along the longitudinal wave transmission mode is the projected dimension of the fluid channel on the longitudinal wave transmission mode.
  • the change of direction of the fluid passage is also one of the design ideas of the differential resistance structure.
  • the fundamental reason is that the change of direction of the fluid passage makes the projected path of the fluid passage change along the longitudinal wave transmission mode. Therefore, changing the direction of the fluid passage is also one of the design methods of the differential resistance structure, and falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • a longitudinal wave rectification fluid drive device using the method in Embodiment 1, including a channel 20, a vibrator 21, a differential resistance structure 22, a connection port 23, a fluid delivery port 25 and a drive circuit.
  • the driving circuit (not shown) provides electric energy for the vibrator 21, drives the vibrator 21 to generate mechanical vibration, and transmits vibration kinetic energy to the fluid.
  • the vibrator 21 is fixedly installed at one end of the channel 20, and a passage 24 is provided between the vibrator 21 and the inner wall of the channel 20 for the fluid to flow into or out of the channel.
  • the vibrator 21 is used to apply periodic mechanical vibration to the fluid. Longitudinal waves are formed.
  • connection port 23 is arranged at the end of the channel 20 away from the vibrator 21, and is the connection port between the fluid drive device and other devices, so that the fluid flow driven by the fluid drive device can be used by other devices.
  • the fluid through-hole inside the port 23 is for the fluid to flow out. Driven by the vibrator 21 and the differential resistance structure 22 , the fluid flows out unidirectionally from the internal through hole of the port 23 - the fluid delivery port 25 .
  • the differential resistance structure 22 is used to form a pressure difference on both sides of the longitudinal wave moving fluid.
  • the differential resistance structure 22 is fixedly installed in the channel 20, or is a part of the channel 20.
  • the differential resistance structure 22 is located between the vibrator 21 and the connection port 23 between.
  • the cross section of the differential resistance structure 22 is spine-shaped, and its diameter in the direction facing the vibrator 21 is larger than that in the direction facing away from the vibrator 21 .
  • the resistance encountered when the fluid flows from a large diameter to a small diameter is smaller than that encountered when flowing in the opposite direction, so that the fluid flows from a large diameter to a small diameter (relatively) in one direction.
  • Said channel 20 is a container into which the fluid to be actuated is confined and serves as a base for mounting other components.
  • the differential resistance structure 22 shown in FIG. 2 is a primary differential resistance
  • the secondary differential resistance is shown in FIG. 3 , that is, the primary differential resistance structure 221 and the secondary differential resistance structure 222.
  • the output relative pressure filters out the longitudinal wave noise component in the fluid flow output by the fluid delivery port 25 .
  • the fluid flows in a direction away from the vibrator 21 , is output from the connection port 23 , and forms a positive pressure at the connection port 23 .
  • Figure 4 shows the reverse installation state of the differential resistance structure 22, and the core difference from Figure 2 and Figure 3 is that the change direction of the path of the differential resistor is opposite, in Figure 4, the differential resistance structure 22 installed in reverse makes The pressure difference on both sides of the differential resistance structure 22 is opposite to that in Figure 2, thus, the fluid in the channel 20, under the joint action of the vibrator 21 and the differential resistance structure 22, flows in from the connection port 23, and flows into the differential resistance structure 22.
  • the differential resistance structure is composed of the connecting port 23 and the fluid channel 20, and the coincidence and/or parallelism of the through holes of the connecting port 23 and the fluid channel 20 and the longitudinal wave transmission channel are obviously different.
  • the connecting port 23 that coincides with the longitudinal wave transmission path and the fluid channel 20 that does not coincide with the longitudinal wave transmission direction are combined to form.
  • the connecting port 23 and the fluid channel 20 are respectively used as the fluid outlet (or inlet) and the inlet (or outlet) of the rectifying fluid drive device, one of which has a through hole which coincides with the longitudinal wave transmission channel, and the other has a through hole Non-coincident with the longitudinal wave transmission channel; or, there are obvious differences in the angles of turning (turning) and/or the numbers of the two through-holes, so that the resistance encountered by the fluid flowing in them is different.
  • the drive circuit (not shown) provides electric energy for the vibrator 53 to drive the vibrator 53 to generate mechanical vibrations and transmit vibration kinetic energy to the fluid.
  • the casing 51 is used to seal the rotor 52, the vibrator 53 and the driven fluid inside.
  • One end of the casing 51 is fastened and sealed by a set of end caps.
  • Bearings are installed on the casing 51 and the end caps.
  • the rotor 52 includes a rotor body 54 and an output shaft 55 that closely fits with the rotor body 54.
  • the two ends of the shaft are rotatably matched with two sets of bearings respectively.
  • the outer side of the rotor body 55 is provided with a number of ratchet teeth 54 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.
  • the ratchet teeth 54 are used to rectify the longitudinal wave tangentially transmitted from the rotor 52, so that in the same cycle of the longitudinal wave, there is a force difference between the forces exerted on the rotor 52 by the positive and negative half waves. , that is, the rotor 52 obtains a unidirectional driving resultant force, and the rotor 52 rotates in a certain fixed direction.
  • the vibrator 53 is fixedly installed inside the casing 51.
  • the vibrator 51 is used to apply periodic mechanical vibration to the fluid to form a longitudinal wave in the fluid.
  • the central axis of the vibrator 51 outputting the vibration wave is perpendicular to the output shaft 55 of the rotor 52 in space. , is located on the chord line of the engine cavity that does not pass through the axis, that is, the longitudinal wave sent by it, the transmission direction is tangent to the rotor 52;
  • the output shaft 55 is an extension of the rotating shaft, and is used to transmit rotational kinetic energy to the outside of the housing 51 for connection with the load of the driving device.
  • a driving signal is applied to the vibrator 53 to make it reciprocate periodically, and the mechanical energy of the vibration is transmitted to the fluid in contact with it, so that longitudinal wave motion appears in the fluid.
  • the fluid moving in the longitudinal wave moves unidirectionally along the longitudinal wave transmission direction. Since the rotor 52 rotates inside the casing 51, the rotor 52 rotates in a fixed direction under the push of the one-way fluid, that is, the driving device realizes the rotation.
  • multiple sets of vibrators 53 are installed side by side along the axial direction of the output shaft 55 inside the housing 51 to increase the power of the driving device.
  • multiple groups of vibrators 53 are arranged in circumferential distribution inside the housing 51 to increase the power of the driving device. Synchronous excitation, to subdivide the periodic thrust of the rotor, and to distribute the multiple vibrators 53 in the circumferential direction, such as the distribution angle, inclination angle, other excitation modes and other details, all belong to the improvement inspired by the present invention. It is also a conventional train of thought in engine design, all within the protection scope of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

纵波整流式流体驱动方法和使用该方法的驱动装置。驱动方法包括：对流体施加周期性机械振动，在流体中形成纵波；在流体的纵波通道上设置至少一级差阻结构（22），使纵波运动的流体在差阻结构（22）的两侧形成压力差；在压力差驱动下，流体沿纵波运动方向形成与差阻结构（22）之间的单向相对移动；差阻结构（22）安装在纵波的传输通道上，且沿纵波的传输方向上，其对流体提供的双向阻力不一。该驱动方法可用于小流量以及小功率的场合，结构简单且成本低廉。

Description

一种纵波整流式流体驱动方法和使用该法的驱动装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2021年10月11日向中国国家知识产权局递交的申请号为202111181816.5，名称为“一种纵波整流式流体驱动方法和使用该法的驱动装置”的在先申请的优先权，上述在先申请的内容以引入的方式并入本文本中。
技术领域
本发明属于流体驱动技术领域，具体是一种纵波整流式流体驱动方法和使用该法的驱动装置。
背景技术
驱动流体流动，在各行各业有着非常重要的意义，例如风机、风扇和气泵推动空气形成风，或形成气流；水泵、油泵推动水和油，用于抽水或形成液压，等等。这些行为在各行各业发挥着重要的作用。
传统的流体驱动，多为泵类、扇类结构，除人工操作的方式之外，多需要由旋转式发动机推动泵类、扇类工作，结构复杂，成本高，噪声较大，不利于小型化。
特别在小流量、小功率、低噪声、柔性传动的应用中，传统的流体驱动方式限制了小型化、低成本化、低噪声、柔性传动的应用。
发明内容
本发明针对传统流体驱动方式的缺陷，和小型化、低成本化、低噪声、柔性传动的应用需求，公开一种纵波整流式流体驱动方法，和使用该法的驱动装置，具有明显的实用价值。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种纵波整流式流体驱动方法，包括如下步骤：
对流体施加周期性机械振动，在流体中形成纵波；
在流体的纵波通道上设置至少一级差阻结构，使纵波运动的流体在差阻结构的两侧形成压力差；
在压力差驱动下，流体沿纵波运动方向形成与差阻结构之间的单向相对移 动；
所述差阻结构安装在纵波的传输通道上，且沿纵波的传输方向上，其对流体提供的双向阻力不一。
作为本发明进一步的改进方案：所述差阻结构，其沿纵波传输方式上的投影通径不一，或设有与纵波同步的单向阀结构。
一种使用上述方法的纵波整流式流体驱动装置，包括通道、振动器、差阻结构、接驳口、流体输送口以及驱动电路，
所述驱动电路为振动器提供电能，驱使振动器产生机械振动，向流体输送振动动能，
所述振动器固定安装于所述通道一端，振动器与通道内壁之间设有供流体流入或流出通道的通路，振动器用于对流体施加周期性机械振动，在流体中形成纵波，
所述接驳口设置在通道远离振动器的一端，所述流体输送口为设置于接驳口内的流体通路，
所述差阻结构固定安装于通道内并位于振动器与接驳口之间，用于使纵波运动的流体在其两侧形成压力差。
作为本发明再进一步的改进方案：所述差阻结构的截面为棘形，差阻结构面向振动器的方向上，其通径大于背对振动器方向上的通径。
作为本发明再进一步的改进方案：所述差阻结构在所述通道内部设有一个或多个。
作为本发明再进一步的改进方案：所述差阻结构，由接驳口和流体通道组合而成，所述接驳口和流体通道二者的通孔与纵波传输通道的重合度和或平行度有明显差异。
一种使用上述方法的纵波整流旋转式发动机，包括外壳、转子、振动器以及驱动电路，
所述外壳用于将转子、振动器以及所驱动的流体密封于内，外壳上设有与所述转子装配的轴承，
所述转子，包括转子体和与转子体紧密配合的输出轴，转轴的两端分别与外壳上的轴承转动配合，所述转子体外侧设置有周向均匀分布的若干棘形齿，所述棘形齿用于对所述纵波进行整流，
所述振动器，其至少一个工作面固定安装于外壳内部，振动器用于对流体施加周期性机械振动，在流体中形成纵波，所述纵波的中心轴在空间上与转子的输出轴垂直，使振动器输出的纵波传输方向与转子相切，
所述驱动电路为振动器提供电能，驱使振动器产生机械振动，向流体输送振动动能。
作为本发明再进一步的改进方案：所述振动器设置多组，多组所述振动器在所述外壳内部沿输出轴的轴向方向并排安装，和/或多组所述振动器在所述外壳内部呈环向分布。
作为本发明再进一步的改进方案：在多组所述振动器在所述外壳内部呈环向分布时，对多组所述振动器分别施加非同步的激励，细分转子所受的推力，提供转子转动的稳定性。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明实施例提供的纵波整流式流体驱动方法可满足小流量以及小功率的应用场合中，具有结构简单以及成本低廉的优点。
附图说明
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1为一种纵波整流式流体驱动方法的工作流程图；
图2为一种纵波整流式流体驱动装置的结构示意图一；
图3为一种纵波整流式流体驱动装置的结构示意图二；
图4为一种纵波整流式流体驱动装置的结构示意图三；
图5为一种纵波整流式流体驱动装置的结构示意图四。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
下面详细描述本专利的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本专利，而不能 理解为对本专利的限制。
实施例1
请参阅图1，本实施例提供了一种纵波整流式流体驱动方法，包括如下步骤：
对流体施加周期性机械振动，在流体中形成纵波；
在流体的纵波通道上设置至少一级差阻结构，使纵波运动的流体在差阻结构的两侧形成压力差；
在压力差驱动下，流体沿纵波运动方向单向流动。(该段删除，改为下段)
在压力差驱动下，流体沿纵波运动方向形成与差阻结构之间的单向相对移动。
上述方法中，驱动流体周期性机械振动的动力来源为振动器，振动器以周期往复的方式输出机械振动并传输到与其接触的流体，故在此过程中，流体中形成纵波。
所谓纵波，即，沿机械波的传输方向上，流体呈周期性压缩-疏松，在空间上形成周期性的区间压差。
在本申请的方法中，所述差阻结构安装在纵波的传输通道上，且沿纵波的传输方向上，其对流体提供的双向阻力不一。使得纵波下的流体在差阻结构的前后两侧存在阻力差，即，在纵波作用下，流体相对差阻结构呈单向流动，即被整流。
所述差阻结构安装在纵波的传输通道上，且沿纵波的传输方向上，其对流体提供的双向阻力不一。
为实现双向阻力的差异，所述差阻结构，其沿纵波传输方式上的投影通径不一，或设有与纵波同步的单向阀结构。
所述沿纵波传输方式上的投影通径，为，流体通路在沿纵波传输方式上的投影尺寸。在流体力学中，即使通径不变，流体通路发生转向时，流体在转向处所受的阻力变大。故在本发明中，流体通路发生变向，也是差阻结构的设计思路之一，其根本原因为：流体通路发生变向，使得沿纵波传输方式上，流体通路的投影通径发生变化。故，流体通路发生变向，也作为差阻结构的设计方式之一，在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例2
请参阅图2，一种使用实施例1中方法的纵波整流式流体驱动装置，包括通 道20、振动器21、差阻结构22、接驳口23、流体输送口25以及驱动电路。
所述驱动电路(未画出)，为振动器21提供电能，驱使振动器21产生机械振动，向流体输送振动动能。
所述振动器21固定安装于所述通道20一端，振动器21与通道20内壁之间设有供流体流入或流出通道的通路24，振动器21用于对流体施加周期性机械振动，在流体中形成纵波。
所述接驳口23设置在通道20远离振动器21的一端，是本流体驱动装置与其它装置的连接口，使本流体驱动装置驱使的流体流能为其它装置使用，流体输送口25为接驳口23内部的流体通孔，供流体流出，流体在振动器21和差阻结构22的驱动下，单向地从接驳口23的内部通孔——流体输送口25流出。
所述差阻结构22用于使纵波运动的流体两侧形成压力差，差阻结构22固定安装于通道20内，或为通道20的一部分，差阻结构22位于振动器21与接驳口23之间。如图2所示，差阻结构22的截面为棘形，面向振动器21的方向上，其通径大于背对振动器21方向上的通径。在纵波驱动下，流体由大口径流向小口径时遇到的阻力，小于反向流动时所遇阻力，致使流体由大口径向小口径方向(相对)单向流动。
所述通道20，为一个容器，将所要驱动的流体约束到其中，并作为安装其它构件的基础装置。
图2中示出的差阻结构22为一级差阻，图3中示出了二级差阻，即一级差阻结构221和二级差阻结构222，通过二级差阻，有利于提高流体驱动装置3输出的相对压力，滤除流体输送口25所输出流体流中的纵波噪声分量。
流体在振动器21和差阻结构22的共同作用下，沿远离振动器21的方向流动，从接驳口23输出，并在接驳口23处形成正压。
图4中示出了差阻结构22的反向安装状态，与图2和图3的核心差别在于：差阻器的通径变化方向相反，图4中，反向安置的差阻结构22使得差阻结构22两侧的压力差与图2反向，由此，通道20中的流体，在振动器21和差阻结构22的共同作用下，由接驳口23流入，向差阻结构22方向移动，从差阻结构22周围的通路24流出，在接驳口23处形成负压。
所述差阻结构，由接驳口23和流体通道20组合而成，所述接驳口23和流体通道20二者的通孔与纵波传输通道的重合度和或平行度有明显差异。重合于 纵波传输通路的接驳口23和非重合于纵波传输方向的流体通道20组合构成。即：接驳口23和流体通道20分别作为所述整流式流体驱动装置的流体出口(或入口)和入口(或出口)，其中之一其通孔与纵波传输通道重合，另一个其通孔与纵波传输通道非重合；或者，二者通孔中所设有的变向(转弯)角度和或个数有明显差异，使流体在其中流动时所受阻力不同。
实施例3
请参阅图5，一种使用实施例1中方法的纵波整流旋转式发动机，包括外壳51、转子52、振动器53以及驱动电路，
所述驱动电路(未画出)，为振动器53提供电能，驱使振动器53产生机械振动，向流体输送振动动能。
所述外壳51用于将转子52、振动器53以及所驱动的流体密封于内，所述外壳51一端由一组端盖扣合密封，外壳51与端盖上均安装有轴承，所述转子52包括转子体54和与转子体54紧密配合的输出轴55，所述转轴的两端分别与两组轴承转动配合，所述转子体55外侧设置有周向均匀分布的若干棘形齿54，所述棘形齿54用于对从转子52切向传来的纵波，具有整流作用，使得纵波的同一个周期内，正反两个半波施加在转子52上的作用力之间存在力差，即，转子52得到单向的推动合力，转子52向某个固定的方向转动。
振动器53固定安装于外壳51内部，振动器51用于对流体施加周期性机械振动，在流体中形成纵波，振动器51输出振动波的中心轴，在空间上与转子52的输出轴55垂直，位于发动腔的非通过轴心的弦线上，即其发送的纵波，传输方向与转子52相切；
输出轴55，为所述转轴的延伸部分，用于向所述外壳51外部输送转动动能，供与所述驱动装置的负载接驳。
工作时，对振动器53施加驱动信号，使之周期性往复振动，其振动机械能传输到与其接触的流体，使流体内呈现纵波运动。纵波运动的流体在转子52的棘形齿54的整流作用下，沿纵波传输方向单向移动。由于转子52在外壳51内部转动，转子52在单向流体的推动下，向某个固定的方向转动，即驱动装置实现转动。
进一步的，所述振动器53在所述外壳51内部沿输出轴55的轴向方向上并排安装多组，以提高驱动装置的功率。
进一步的，所述振动器53在所述外壳51内部环向分布设置多组，以提高驱动装置的功率，为提供转子52转动的稳定性，对环向分布的多个振动器53分别施加非同步的激励，以细分转子所受的周期性推力，置于环向分布多个振动器53的分布角度、倾斜角、其它激励模式等细节上的改进，均属于本发明启发下的改进，也是发动机类设计中常规的思路，均在本发明的保护范围内。
上面对本专利的较佳实施方式作了详细说明，但是本专利并不限于上述实施方式，在本领域的普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本专利宗旨的前提下做出各种变化。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种纵波整流式流体驱动方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    对流体施加周期性机械振动，在流体中形成纵波；
    在流体的纵波通道上设置至少一级差阻结构，使纵波运动的流体在差阻结构的两侧形成压力差；
    在压力差驱动下，流体沿纵波运动方向形成与差阻结构之间的单向相对移动；
    所述差阻结构安装在纵波的传输通道上，且沿纵波的传输方向上，其对流体提供的双向阻力不一。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的纵波整流式流体驱动方法，其特征在于，所述差阻结构，其沿纵波传输方式上的投影通径不一，或设有与纵波同步的单向阀结构。
  3. 一种使用权利要求1所述方法的纵波整流式流体驱动装置，其特征在于，包括通道、振动器、差阻结构、接驳口、流体输送口以及驱动电路，
    所述驱动电路为振动器提供电能，驱使振动器产生机械振动，向流体输送振动动能，
    所述振动器固定安装于所述通道一端，振动器与通道内壁之间设有供流体流入或流出通道的通路，振动器用于对流体施加周期性机械振动，在流体中形成纵波，
    所述接驳口设置在通道远离振动器的一端，所述流体输送口为设置于接驳口内的流体通路，
    所述差阻结构固定安装于通道内并位于振动器与接驳口之间，用于使纵波运动的流体在其两侧形成压力差。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的纵波整流式流体驱动装置，其特征在于，所述差阻结构的截面为棘形，差阻结构面向振动器的方向上，其通径大于背对振动器方向上的通径。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的纵波整流式流体驱动装置，其特征在于，所述差阻结构在所述通道内部设有一个或多个。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的纵波整流式流体驱动装置，其特征在于，所述差阻结构，为设有止回装置的单向阀。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的纵波整流式流体驱动装置，其特征在于，所述差阻结构，由接驳口和流体通道组合而成，所述接驳口和流体通道二者的通孔与纵波传输通道的重合度和或平行度有明显差异。
  8. 一种使用权利要求1所述方法的纵波整流旋转式发动机，其特征在于，包括外壳、转子、振动器以及驱动电路，
    所述外壳用于将转子、振动器以及所驱动的流体密封于内，外壳上设有与所述转子装配的轴承，
    所述转子，包括转子体和与转子体紧密配合的输出轴，转轴的两端分别与外壳上的轴承转动配合，所述转子体外侧设置有周向均匀分布的若干棘形齿，所述棘形齿用于对所述纵波进行整流，
    所述振动器，其至少一个工作面固定安装于外壳内部，振动器用于对流体施加周期性机械振动，在流体中形成纵波，所述纵波的中心轴在空间上与转子的输出轴垂直，使振动器输出的纵波传输方向与转子相切，
    所述驱动电路为振动器提供电能，驱使振动器产生机械振动，向流体输送振动动能。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的纵波整流旋转式发动机，其特征在于，所述振动器设置多组，多组所述振动器在所述外壳内部沿输出轴的轴向方向并排安装，和/或多组所述振动器在所述外壳内部呈环向分布。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的纵波整流旋转式发动机，其特征在于，在多组所述振动器在所述外壳内部呈环向分布时，对多组所述振动器分别施加非同步的激励，细分转子所受的推力，提供转子转动的稳定性。
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