WO2023061179A1 - 一种数据处理、传输方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种数据处理、传输方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023061179A1
WO2023061179A1 PCT/CN2022/120520 CN2022120520W WO2023061179A1 WO 2023061179 A1 WO2023061179 A1 WO 2023061179A1 CN 2022120520 W CN2022120520 W CN 2022120520W WO 2023061179 A1 WO2023061179 A1 WO 2023061179A1
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Prior art keywords
echo
point cloud
data
message
waveform
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PCT/CN2022/120520
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋言
刘建琴
费雯凯
姜晓琦
景意博
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023061179A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023061179A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of Internet of Vehicles, in particular to a data processing and transmission method and device.
  • lidar technology With the development and application of lidar technology, more and more roadside equipment and vehicles are equipped with lidar, and the application of lidar is becoming more and more extensive.
  • the quality of point cloud data provided by traditional lidar is not high, for example, low precision, low density of point cloud, poor structure, etc. Therefore, how to improve the accuracy of point cloud data of lidar is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the present application discloses a data processing and transmission method and device, which can improve the accuracy of laser radar point cloud data.
  • the present application provides a data processing method applied to a first device, the method comprising: receiving a first message from a second device, and the first message is used to indicate the first message generated according to the echo received by the lidar A point cloud and an echo, the echo corresponds to the pulse wave sent by the lidar, the first message includes echo waveform data and the first point cloud data, wherein the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and The detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud; and the point cloud correction parameter is obtained according to the first message.
  • obtaining the point cloud correction parameter according to the first message includes obtaining the point cloud correction parameter according to the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data.
  • the first device may be a network side device, a roadside device, or a terminal device.
  • the network side device may be, for example, a server deployed on the network side (such as an application server or a map server), or a component or a chip in the server.
  • the network side device may be deployed in a cloud environment or an edge environment, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Roadside equipment can be, for example, devices such as Road Side Unit (Road Side Unit, RSU), Multi-Access Edge Computing (Multi-Access Edge Computing, MEC) or sensors, or components or chips inside these devices, or can be composed of A system-level device composed of RSU and MEC, or a system-level device composed of RSU and sensors, or a system-level device composed of RSU, MEC and sensors.
  • Terminal devices can be vehicles, OBUs, smart wearable devices (such as sports bracelets, watches, etc.), portable mobile devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, etc.), components of portable mobile devices, chips, and other devices that can communicate with network-side devices
  • the sensor or device is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the application.
  • the second device may be a laser radar, or a device communicating with the laser radar, or a device equipped with a laser radar. That is, the lidar may be incorporated in the second device, or the lidar may be independent of the second device.
  • the second device may be a roadside device or a terminal device.
  • the roadside equipment can be, for example, devices such as roadside units, multi-access edge computing, or sensors, or components or chips inside these devices, or system-level equipment composed of RSU and MEC, or composed of RSU and MEC.
  • a system-level device composed of sensors can also be a system-level device composed of RSU, MEC and sensors.
  • the terminal device can be a vehicle, an on-board unit (On Board Unit, OBU), a smart wearable device (such as a sports bracelet, a watch, etc.), or a portable mobile device (such as a mobile phone, a tablet, etc.), or a component of the above-mentioned devices or a chip, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • OBU On Board Unit
  • a smart wearable device such as a sports bracelet, a watch, etc.
  • a portable mobile device such as a mobile phone, a tablet, etc.
  • the correspondence between the echo and the pulse wave means that a pulse wave sent by the laser radar can generate an echo when it hits a target object, in other words, the generation of an echo is due to the transmission of a pulse wave. It can be understood that when one pulse wave sent by the lidar hits multiple targets, multiple echoes can be generated, and the multiple echoes correspond to the same pulse wave sent by the lidar.
  • the first message indicates the echo received by the lidar, and the echo can reflect the ability of the target to scatter the pulse wave and the radiation characteristics of the target, and the first message also indicates that the lidar
  • the first device can obtain point cloud correction parameters according to the echo and the first point cloud, and the point cloud correction parameters can be used to improve the accuracy of the laser radar point cloud data.
  • the method further includes: receiving a second message from the second device, the second message is used to indicate the second point cloud, the second message includes second point cloud data, wherein the second point cloud data is used to indicate the second point cloud The spatial position of the second point cloud; the third point cloud data is obtained according to the point cloud correction parameters and the second point cloud data.
  • the first point cloud and the second point cloud can be generated by the same lidar, and the point cloud correction parameters obtained according to the first message can correct the second point cloud data to obtain the third point cloud data, understandably , the accuracy of the third point cloud data is greater than the accuracy of the second point cloud data.
  • the sending frequency of the first message is a first frequency
  • the sending frequency of the second message is a second frequency
  • the first frequency is lower than the second frequency
  • the first frequency is lower than the second frequency, that is, the first message is sent at a lower frequency and the second message is sent at a higher frequency. It can be understood that since the first message indicates that there is a return wave, so the amount of data carried by the first message is greater than the amount of data carried by the second message. Under the limited computing power and transmission bandwidth, it can not only improve the accuracy of the lidar point cloud data, but also effectively reduce the network transmission pressure.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, including: the echo waveform data includes a horizontal angle and a vertical angle of the transmitted pulse wave.
  • the horizontal angle and vertical angle of the pulse wave emitted by the lidar can be used to represent the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate a sampling waveform of the echo, including: the echo waveform data includes a waveform sampling value of the echo.
  • the sampling waveform of the echo can be represented as a sequence composed of multiple waveform sampling values of the echo.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, including: the echo waveform data includes first echo waveform data and second echo waveform data, the first echo waveform data Waveform data is used to indicate the first sampling waveform of the first echo and the first detection position in space of the first pulse wave corresponding to the first echo, and the second echo waveform data is used to indicate the second echo The second sampling waveform and the second detection orientation in space corresponding to the second pulse wave corresponding to the second echo; the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud, including: the first point cloud data Including the first set of point cloud data and the second set of point cloud data, the first set of point cloud data is used to indicate the first spatial position of the first set of point cloud generated according to the first echo, the second set of point cloud The data is used to indicate the second spatial position of the second group of point clouds generated according to the second echo; the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data also include index information, which is used to indicate the first echo
  • the index information may be time information, space information or identification.
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the acquisition time of the echo or the emission time of the pulse wave corresponding to the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be the position in the point cloud point collection time
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the detection orientation of the pulse wave corresponding to the echo in space or the detection area corresponding to the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be The distribution range of the spatial position of the point cloud is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the number or serial number of the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be the serial number of the point cloud, or the number of each position point in the point cloud composed serial number.
  • the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data may be carried in the data body of the first message.
  • the first message further includes a header
  • the header includes parameters for restoring the real value of the echo waveform according to the echo waveform sampling value.
  • the parameters used to restore the true waveform value of the echo are carried in the header of the first message, which can effectively reduce the amount of data carried in the first message, and facilitate the first device to quickly obtain from the first message first parameter.
  • this parameter is used to provide the echo waveform gain and/or the echo waveform offset.
  • the echo waveform gain is the multiplication factor between the echo waveform sampling value and the echo waveform real value.
  • the echo waveform The offset is the addition factor between the echo's waveform sampled value and the echo's waveform true value.
  • the echo waveform gain and/or the echo waveform offset effectively reduces the storage space occupied by the echo waveform sampling values, and reduces the data volume of the first message. Echo waveform gain and/or echo waveform offset can be used to restore the true value of the echo's waveform.
  • the echo waveform sampling value is multiplied based on the echo waveform gain to obtain the true value of the echo waveform; when this parameter only provides the echo waveform offset, it is based on Echo waveform offset adds the echo waveform sampling value to obtain the echo waveform real value; when this parameter provides echo waveform gain and echo waveform offset, it is based on echo waveform gain and echo
  • the multiplication operation is performed on the waveform sampling value of the echo waveform and the addition operation is performed on the echo waveform sampling value based on the echo waveform offset.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the echo waveform gain or the echo waveform offset to a fixed operation process.
  • the first message further includes first spatial information, where the first spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the first point cloud belongs to the first spatial region.
  • the first message also indicates the spatial region to which the first point cloud belongs, which is beneficial for the first device to quickly match point cloud data in different spatial regions.
  • the first spatial information is carried in the echo waveform data or the first point cloud data or the header in the first message.
  • the second message further includes second spatial information, and the second spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the second point cloud belongs to the second spatial region.
  • the echo waveform data includes first echo waveform data and second echo waveform data
  • the first echo waveform data is used to indicate the first sampling waveform of the first echo and the corresponding The first detection orientation of the first pulse wave in the space
  • the second echo waveform data is used to indicate the second sampling waveform of the second echo and the second pulse wave corresponding to the second echo in the said The second detection orientation in space
  • the first point cloud data includes the first set of point cloud data and the second set of point cloud data
  • the first set of point cloud data is used to indicate the first point cloud generated according to the first echo
  • the first spatial position of the group of point clouds, and the data of the second group of point clouds are used to indicate the second spatial position of the second group of point clouds generated according to the second echoes.
  • the first spatial area includes a spatial area A and a spatial area B
  • the first spatial information is used to indicate that the first spatial position belongs to the spatial area A and the second spatial position belongs to the spatial area B.
  • the method further includes, according to the first spatial information, determining that the processing priority of the first echo waveform data is higher than that of the second echo waveform data, and/or the processing priority of the first group of point cloud data The processing priority is higher than the processing priority of the data of the second set of point clouds.
  • the space area A is a ground area
  • the space area B is an air area
  • the space area A is a road area
  • the space area B is a non-road area.
  • the space area A is a high-density area
  • the space area B is a low-density area
  • the first message can be used to indicate that the first point cloud belongs to multiple different spatial regions, and different spatial regions correspond to different processing priorities.
  • the first device can The processing priority, the data corresponding to the spatial region with a higher processing priority is given priority to processing, which improves the data processing efficiency.
  • the method further includes: receiving a plurality of messages, the plurality of messages are at least two items of the first message, the second message and the third message, and the third message is received from the third device for indicating the first Five point cloud messages, the third message includes the fifth point cloud data, the fifth point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the fifth point cloud, the third message also includes the third spatial information, the third spatial information is used to indicate The spatial position of the fifth point cloud belongs to the third spatial region; according to the plurality of spatial information in the plurality of messages, determine the processing priority among the plurality of messages, wherein the plurality of spatial information is the first spatial information, At least two items of the second spatial information and the third spatial information. It can be seen that different spatial information corresponds to different processing priorities, and the first device may preferentially process messages with higher processing priorities according to spatial information in multiple messages, which can improve message processing efficiency.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the pulse transmission time of the pulse wave.
  • the pulse transmission time of the pulse wave may be carried in the header of the first message or in the echo waveform data.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the echo collection time
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo, including: the echo waveform data includes the echo waveform sampling value collected at the echo collection time .
  • the echo collection time may be carried in the header of the first message or in the echo waveform data.
  • each waveform sampling value of the echo corresponds to an echo collection time, so that the sampling waveform of the echo indicated by the echo waveform data is more abundant.
  • the first message is also used to provide a time scaling factor and/or a time offset, wherein the time scaling factor is a multiplication factor between the echo acquisition moment of the echo and the actual echo acquisition moment, and the time offset is the addition operation factor between the echo collection time of the echo and the real collection time of the echo.
  • the time scale factor and/or time offset may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the time scale factor and/or the time offset effectively reduce the storage space required for storing the echo collection time, and reduce the data volume of the first message.
  • the time scale factor and/or time offset can be used to recover the true acquisition instant of the echo.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the type of the second device, the identifier of the second device, the model of the lidar, the identifier of the lidar, the time interval between any two adjacent echo collection moments, and any At least one of the time intervals between two adjacent pulse wave acquisition moments. It should be noted that the above information may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the type of the second device may be used to distinguish the source of the first message, for example, from a cloud device, a roadside device or a terminal.
  • the identifier of the second device may be the device number of the RSU; when the second device is a vehicle, the identifier of the second device may be the vehicle identification code of the vehicle.
  • the first message is further used to indicate at least one of the driving speed of the second device and the heading angle of the second device.
  • the traveling speed of the second device and/or the heading angle of the second device may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the echoes collected by the vehicle-mounted laser radar will have deviations, based on the driving speed of the second device and/or the heading angle of the second device can be correct
  • the data collected by the lidar is compensated to eliminate the deviation as much as possible.
  • obtaining the point cloud correction parameters according to the first message includes: obtaining fourth point cloud data according to the echo waveform data; and obtaining the point cloud correction parameters according to the first point cloud data and the fourth point cloud data.
  • obtaining point cloud correction parameters according to the first message includes: obtaining fourth point cloud data according to the head and echo waveform data; obtaining the point cloud correction parameters according to the first point cloud data and the fourth point cloud data .
  • the first message is also used to indicate the sending time of the first message, the number of bits occupied by the waveform sampling value of the echo or the waveform sampling value of the pulse wave in the first message, the waveform compression mode of the echo and the waveform sampling value of the pulse wave At least one of the pulse compression methods. It should be noted that the above information may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the echo waveform compression method is used to reduce the storage space occupied by the echo
  • the pulse wave compression method is used to reduce the storage space occupied by the echo.
  • the first device can use waveform compression when analyzing the echo.
  • the decompression mode corresponding to the mode decompresses the echo.
  • the first device analyzes the pulse wave, it can use the decompression mode corresponding to the pulse compression mode to decompress the pulse wave.
  • the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud, including: the horizontal angle, vertical angle and distance of each position point in the first point cloud relative to the lidar.
  • the first point cloud data also includes: the acquisition time, RGB value, intensity, the number of echoes corresponding to each position point and the echo number corresponding to each position point in the first point cloud At least one of the .
  • the method before receiving the first message from the second device, the method further includes: sending a data request to the second device, where the data request is used to instruct the second device to send the first message at the first frequency.
  • the data request is also used to instruct the second device to send the second message at a second frequency, and the first frequency is lower than the second frequency.
  • the present application provides a data transmission method applied to a second device, the method including: generating a first message, the first message is used to indicate the first point cloud generated according to the echo received by the lidar and the Echo, the echo corresponds to the pulse wave sent by the lidar, the first message includes echo waveform data and first point cloud data, wherein the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the pulse wave in space
  • the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud; the first message is sent.
  • the second device may be a laser radar, or a device communicating with the laser radar, or a device equipped with a laser radar. That is, the lidar may be incorporated in the second device, or the lidar may be independent of the second device.
  • the second device may be a roadside device or a terminal device.
  • the roadside equipment can be, for example, devices such as roadside units, multi-access edge computing, or sensors, or components or chips inside these devices, or system-level equipment composed of RSU and MEC, or composed of RSU and MEC.
  • a system-level device composed of sensors can also be a system-level device composed of RSU, MEC and sensors.
  • the terminal device can be a vehicle, an on-board unit (On Board Unit, OBU), a smart wearable device (such as a sports bracelet, a watch, etc.), or a portable mobile device (such as a mobile phone, a tablet, etc.), or a component of the above-mentioned devices or a chip, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • OBU On Board Unit
  • a smart wearable device such as a sports bracelet, a watch, etc.
  • a portable mobile device such as a mobile phone, a tablet, etc.
  • the echo corresponding to the pulse wave sent by the laser radar means that a pulse wave sent by the laser radar can generate an echo when it hits a target object, in other words, an echo is generated from a pulse wave send. It can be understood that when a pulse wave sent by the lidar hits multiple targets, multiple echoes may be generated, and the multiple echoes correspond to the same pulse wave sent by the lidar.
  • the first message indicates the echo received by the lidar, and the echo can reflect the ability of the target to scatter the pulse wave and the radiation characteristics of the target, and the first message also indicates that the lidar The generated first point cloud is of great significance for improving the accuracy of lidar point cloud data.
  • the method further includes: sending a second message, the second message is used to indicate the second point cloud, the second message includes the second point cloud data, wherein the second point cloud data is used to indicate the second point cloud Spatial location.
  • the sending frequency of the first message is a first frequency
  • the sending frequency of the second message is a second frequency
  • the first frequency is lower than the second frequency
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, including: the echo waveform data includes a horizontal angle and a vertical angle of the transmitted pulse wave.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate a sampling waveform of the echo, including: the echo waveform data includes a waveform sampling value of the echo.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, including: the echo waveform data includes first echo waveform data and second echo waveform data, the first echo waveform data Waveform data is used to indicate the first sampling waveform of the first echo and the first detection position in space of the first pulse wave corresponding to the first echo, and the second echo waveform data is used to indicate the second echo The second sampling waveform and the second detection orientation in space corresponding to the second pulse wave corresponding to the second echo; the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud, including: the first point cloud data Including the first set of point cloud data and the second set of point cloud data, the first set of point cloud data is used to indicate the first spatial position of the first set of point cloud generated according to the first echo, the second set of point cloud The data is used to indicate the second spatial position of the second group of point clouds generated according to the second echo; the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data also include index information, and the index information is used, and
  • the index information may be time information, space information or identification.
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the acquisition time of the echo or the emission time of the pulse wave corresponding to the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be the position in the point cloud point collection time
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the detection orientation of the pulse wave corresponding to the echo in space or the detection area corresponding to the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be The distribution range of the spatial position of the point cloud is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the number or serial number of the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be the serial number of the point cloud, or the number of each position point in the point cloud composed serial number.
  • the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data may be carried in the data body of the first message.
  • the first message further includes a header
  • the header includes parameters for restoring the real value of the echo waveform according to the echo waveform sampling value.
  • this parameter is used to provide the echo waveform gain and/or the echo waveform offset.
  • the echo waveform gain is the multiplication factor between the echo waveform sampling value and the echo waveform real value.
  • the echo waveform The offset is the addition factor between the echo's waveform sampled value and the echo's waveform true value.
  • the first message further includes first spatial information, where the first spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the first point cloud belongs to the first spatial region.
  • the first spatial information is carried in the echo waveform data or the first point cloud data or the header in the first message.
  • the second message further includes second spatial information, and the second spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the second point cloud belongs to the second spatial region.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the pulse transmission time of the pulse wave.
  • the pulse transmission time of the pulse wave may be carried in the header of the first message or in the echo waveform data.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the echo collection time
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo, including: the echo waveform data includes the echo waveform sampling value collected at the echo collection time .
  • the echo collection time may be carried in the header of the first message or in the echo waveform data.
  • the first message is also used to provide a time scaling factor and/or a time offset, wherein the time scaling factor is a multiplication factor between the echo acquisition moment of the echo and the actual echo acquisition moment, and the time offset is the addition operation factor between the echo collection time of the echo and the real collection time of the echo.
  • the time scale factor and/or time offset may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the type of the second device, the identifier of the second device, the model of the lidar, the identifier of the lidar, the time interval between any two adjacent echo collection moments, and any At least one of the time intervals between two adjacent pulse wave acquisition moments. It should be noted that the above information may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first message is further used to indicate at least one of the driving speed of the second device and the heading angle of the second device.
  • the driving speed of the second device and/or the heading angle of the second device may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the sending time of the first message, the number of bits occupied by the waveform sampling value of the echo or the waveform sampling value of the pulse wave in the first message, the waveform compression mode of the echo and the waveform sampling value of the pulse wave At least one of the pulse compression methods. It should be noted that the above information may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud, including: the horizontal angle, vertical angle and distance of each position point in the first point cloud relative to the lidar.
  • the first point cloud data also includes: the acquisition time, RGB value, intensity, the number of echoes corresponding to each position point and the echo number corresponding to each position point in the first point cloud At least one of the .
  • the method before generating the first message, further includes: receiving a data request from the first device, where the data request is used to instruct the second device to send the first message at the first frequency.
  • the data request is also used to instruct the second device to send the second message at a second frequency, and the first frequency is lower than the second frequency.
  • the present application provides a data processing device, which includes: a receiving unit, configured to receive a first message from a second device, the first message is used to indicate the first Point cloud and echo, the echo corresponds to the pulse wave sent by the lidar, the first message includes echo waveform data and the first point cloud data, wherein the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform and pulse of the echo
  • the processing unit is used to obtain the point cloud correction parameters according to the first message.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive a second message from the second device, the second message is used to indicate the second point cloud, the second message includes second point cloud data, wherein the second point cloud data is used to indicate The spatial position of the second point cloud; obtaining the third point cloud data according to the point cloud correction parameters and the second point cloud data.
  • the sending frequency of the first message is a first frequency
  • the sending frequency of the second message is a second frequency
  • the first frequency is lower than the second frequency
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, including: the echo waveform data includes a horizontal angle and a vertical angle of the transmitted pulse wave.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate a sampling waveform of the echo, including: the echo waveform data includes a waveform sampling value of the echo.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, including: the echo waveform data includes first echo waveform data and second echo waveform data, the first echo waveform data Waveform data is used to indicate the first sampling waveform of the first echo and the first detection position in space of the first pulse wave corresponding to the first echo, and the second echo waveform data is used to indicate the second echo The second sampling waveform and the second detection orientation in space corresponding to the second pulse wave corresponding to the second echo; the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud, including: the first point cloud data Including the first set of point cloud data and the second set of point cloud data, the first set of point cloud data is used to indicate the first spatial position of the first set of point cloud generated according to the first echo, the second set of point cloud The data is used to indicate the second spatial position of the second group of point clouds generated according to the second echo; the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data also include index information, which is used to indicate the first echo
  • the index information may be time information, space information or identification.
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the acquisition time of the echo or the emission time of the pulse wave corresponding to the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be the position in the point cloud point collection time
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the detection orientation of the pulse wave corresponding to the echo in space or the detection area corresponding to the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be The distribution range of the spatial position of the point cloud is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the number or serial number of the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be the serial number of the point cloud, or the number of each position point in the point cloud composed serial number.
  • the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data may be carried in the data body of the first message.
  • the first message further includes a header
  • the header includes parameters for restoring the real value of the echo waveform according to the echo waveform sampling value.
  • this parameter is used to provide the echo waveform gain and/or the echo waveform offset.
  • the echo waveform gain is the multiplication factor between the echo waveform sampling value and the echo waveform real value.
  • the echo waveform The offset is the addition factor between the echo's waveform sampled value and the echo's waveform true value.
  • the first message further includes first spatial information, where the first spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the first point cloud belongs to the first spatial region.
  • the first spatial information is carried in the echo waveform data or the first point cloud data or the header in the first message.
  • the second message further includes second spatial information, and the second spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the second point cloud belongs to the second spatial region.
  • the echo waveform data includes first echo waveform data and second echo waveform data
  • the first echo waveform data is used to indicate the first sampling waveform of the first echo and the corresponding The first detection orientation of the first pulse wave in the space
  • the second echo waveform data is used to indicate the second sampling waveform of the second echo and the second pulse wave corresponding to the second echo in the said The second detection orientation in space
  • the first point cloud data includes the first set of point cloud data and the second set of point cloud data
  • the first set of point cloud data is used to indicate the first point cloud generated according to the first echo
  • the first spatial position of the group of point clouds, and the data of the second group of point clouds are used to indicate the second spatial position of the second group of point clouds generated according to the second echoes.
  • the first spatial area includes a spatial area A and a spatial area B
  • the first spatial information is used to indicate that the first spatial position belongs to the spatial area A and the second spatial position belongs to the spatial area B.
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine according to the first spatial information that the processing priority of the first echo waveform data is higher than that of the second echo waveform data, and/or the data of the first group of point clouds The processing priority of is higher than that of the second group of point cloud data.
  • the space area A is a ground area
  • the space area B is an air area
  • the space area A is a road area
  • the space area B is a non-road area.
  • the space area A is a high-density area
  • the space area B is a low-density area
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive multiple messages, the multiple messages are at least two items of the first message, the second message, and the third message, and the third message is received from the third device for indicating
  • the message of the fifth point cloud includes the fifth point cloud data, the fifth point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the fifth point cloud, the third message also includes the third spatial information, the third spatial information is used for Indicating that the spatial position of the fifth point cloud belongs to the third spatial region; determining the processing priority among the plurality of messages according to the plurality of spatial information in the plurality of messages, wherein the plurality of spatial information is the first spatial information , at least two items of the second spatial information and the third spatial information.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the pulse transmission time of the pulse wave.
  • the pulse transmission time of the pulse wave may be carried in the header of the first message or in the echo waveform data.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the echo collection time
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo, including: the echo waveform data includes the echo waveform sampling value collected at the echo collection time .
  • the echo collection time may be carried in the header of the first message or in the echo waveform data.
  • the first message is also used to provide a time scaling factor and/or a time offset, wherein the time scaling factor is a multiplication factor between the echo acquisition moment of the echo and the actual echo acquisition moment, and the time offset is the addition operation factor between the echo collection time of the echo and the real collection time of the echo.
  • the time scale factor and/or time offset may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the type of the second device, the identifier of the second device, the model of the lidar, the identifier of the lidar, the time interval between any two adjacent echo collection moments, and any At least one of the time intervals between two adjacent pulse wave acquisition moments. It should be noted that the above information may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first message is further used to indicate at least one of the driving speed of the second device and the heading angle of the second device.
  • the driving speed of the second device and/or the heading angle of the second device may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to: obtain the fourth point cloud data according to the echo waveform data; obtain the point cloud correction parameters according to the first point cloud data and the fourth point cloud data.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to: obtain fourth point cloud data according to the head and echo waveform data; obtain the point cloud correction parameters according to the first point cloud data and the fourth point cloud data.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the sending time of the first message, the number of bits occupied by the waveform sampling value of the echo or the waveform sampling value of the pulse wave in the first message, the waveform compression mode of the echo and the waveform sampling value of the pulse wave At least one of the pulse compression methods. It should be noted that the above information may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud, including: the horizontal angle, vertical angle and distance of each position point in the first point cloud relative to the lidar.
  • the first point cloud data also includes: the acquisition time, RGB value, intensity, the number of echoes corresponding to each position point and the echo number corresponding to each position point in the first point cloud At least one of the .
  • the apparatus further includes: a sending unit, configured to send a data request to the second device, where the data request is used to instruct the second device to send the first message at the first frequency.
  • the data request is also used to instruct the second device to send the second message at a second frequency, and the first frequency is lower than the second frequency.
  • the present application provides a data transmission device, which includes: a generating unit, configured to generate a first message, and the first message is used to indicate the first point cloud and echo generated according to the echo received by the lidar wave, the echo corresponds to the pulse wave sent by the lidar, the first message includes the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data, wherein the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the pulse wave in space
  • the detection orientation of the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud; the sending unit is used to send the first message.
  • the sending unit is further configured to send a second message, the second message is used to indicate the second point cloud, the second message includes the second point cloud data, wherein the second point cloud data is used to indicate the second point cloud spatial location.
  • the sending frequency of the first message is a first frequency
  • the sending frequency of the second message is a second frequency
  • the first frequency is lower than the second frequency
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, including: the echo waveform data includes a horizontal angle and a vertical angle of the transmitted pulse wave.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate a sampling waveform of the echo, including: the echo waveform data includes a waveform sampling value of the echo.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, including: the echo waveform data includes first echo waveform data and second echo waveform data, the first echo waveform data Waveform data is used to indicate the first sampling waveform of the first echo and the first detection position in space of the first pulse wave corresponding to the first echo, and the second echo waveform data is used to indicate the second echo The second sampling waveform and the second detection orientation in space corresponding to the second pulse wave corresponding to the second echo; the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud, including: the first point cloud data Including the first set of point cloud data and the second set of point cloud data, the first set of point cloud data is used to indicate the first spatial position of the first set of point cloud generated according to the first echo, the second set of point cloud The data is used to indicate the second spatial position of the second group of point clouds generated according to the second echo; the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data also include index information, and the index information is used, and
  • the index information may be time information, space information or identification.
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the acquisition time of the echo or the emission time of the pulse wave corresponding to the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be the position in the point cloud point collection time
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the detection orientation of the pulse wave corresponding to the echo in space or the detection area corresponding to the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be The distribution range of the spatial position of the point cloud is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the number or serial number of the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be the serial number of the point cloud, or the number of each position point in the point cloud composed serial number.
  • the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data may be carried in the data body of the first message.
  • the first message further includes a header
  • the header includes parameters for restoring the real value of the echo waveform according to the echo waveform sampling value.
  • this parameter is used to provide the echo waveform gain and/or the echo waveform offset.
  • the echo waveform gain is the multiplication factor between the echo waveform sampling value and the echo waveform real value.
  • the echo waveform The offset is the addition factor between the echo's waveform sampled value and the echo's waveform true value.
  • the first message further includes first spatial information, where the first spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the first point cloud belongs to the first spatial region.
  • the first spatial information is carried in the echo waveform data or the first point cloud data or the header in the first message.
  • the second message further includes second spatial information, and the second spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the second point cloud belongs to the second spatial region.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the pulse transmission time of the pulse wave.
  • the pulse transmission time of the pulse wave may be carried in the header of the first message or in the echo waveform data.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the echo collection time
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo, including: the echo waveform data includes the echo waveform sampling value collected at the echo collection time .
  • the echo collection time may be carried in the header of the first message or in the echo waveform data.
  • the first message is also used to provide a time scaling factor and/or a time offset, wherein the time scaling factor is a multiplication factor between the echo acquisition moment of the echo and the actual echo acquisition moment, and the time offset is the addition operation factor between the echo collection time of the echo and the real collection time of the echo.
  • the time scale factor and/or time offset may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the type of the second device, the identifier of the second device, the model of the lidar, the identifier of the lidar, the time interval between any two adjacent echo collection moments, and any At least one of the time intervals between two adjacent pulse wave acquisition moments. It should be noted that the above information may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first message is further used to indicate at least one of the driving speed of the second device and the heading angle of the second device.
  • the driving speed of the second device and/or the heading angle of the second device may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the sending time of the first message, the number of bits occupied by the waveform sampling value of the echo or the waveform sampling value of the pulse wave in the first message, the waveform compression mode of the echo and the waveform sampling value of the pulse wave At least one of the pulse compression methods. It should be noted that the above information may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud, including: the horizontal angle, vertical angle and distance of each position point in the first point cloud relative to the lidar.
  • the first point cloud data also includes: the acquisition time, RGB value, intensity, the number of echoes corresponding to each position point and the echo number corresponding to each position point in the first point cloud At least one of the .
  • the apparatus further includes: a receiving unit, configured to receive a data request from the first device, where the data request is used to instruct the second device to send the first message at the first frequency.
  • the data request is also used to instruct the second device to send the second message at a second frequency, and the first frequency is lower than the second frequency.
  • the present application provides a data processing device, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store program instructions; the processor calls the program instructions in the memory, so that the device executes the first aspect Or the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the present application provides a data transmission device, the device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store program instructions; the processor invokes the program instructions in the memory, so that the device executes the second aspect Or the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including computer instructions.
  • the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect can be realized. method.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including computer instructions.
  • the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect can be realized. method.
  • the present application provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product When the computer program product is executed by a processor, the method in the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible embodiment of the first aspect is implemented.
  • the computer program product can be, for example, a software installation package. If the method provided by any possible design of the first aspect above needs to be used, the computer program product can be downloaded and executed on the processor. , so as to implement the first aspect or the method in any possible embodiment of the first aspect.
  • the present application provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product When the computer program product is executed by a processor, the method in the above-mentioned second aspect or any possible embodiment of the second aspect is implemented.
  • the computer program product may be, for example, a software installation package. If the method provided by any possible design of the second aspect above needs to be used, the computer program product may be downloaded and executed on the processor. , so as to implement the second aspect or the method in any possible embodiment of the second aspect.
  • the present application provides a communication system, the system including a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is the apparatus of the third or fifth aspect above, or any of the third or fifth aspects above An apparatus in a possible implementation manner; the second device is the apparatus in the fourth or sixth aspect above, or the apparatus in any possible implementation manner in the fourth or sixth aspect above.
  • the present application provides a computer cluster, where the computer cluster includes at least one computing device, and the computing device is configured to execute the method in the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible embodiment of the first aspect.
  • the present application provides a vehicle, the vehicle includes the data processing device according to the above third or fifth aspect, or includes the data processing device according to any possible implementation of the above third or fifth aspect, or It includes the data transmission device according to the fourth or sixth aspect above, or includes the data transmission device according to any possible implementation manner of the fourth or sixth aspect above.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the angle of a pulse wave emitted by a lidar
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a laser radar waveform
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a data processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a first message provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of a first message provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another first message provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another first message provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a message sending frequency provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the functional structure of a data processing device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the functional structure of a data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a device provided in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the number of described objects is not limited by the prefixes, and may be one or more. Taking “the first device” as an example, the number of “device” may be one or more.
  • the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different, for example, if the described object is "equipment”, then “first equipment” and “second equipment” can be the same equipment, the same type of equipment or different types of equipment ; For another example, if the described object is "information”, then “first information” and “second information” may be information of the same content or information of different content.
  • the use of prefixes used to distinguish the described objects in the embodiments of the present application does not constitute a restriction on the described objects. For the description of the described objects, please refer to the claims or the description of the context in the embodiments. It should not be because of the use of such prefixes constitute redundant restrictions.
  • a description such as "at least one (or at least one) of a1, a2, ... and an” is used, including any one of a1, a2, ... and an.
  • the case of being alone also includes the case of any combination of any number of a1, a2, ... and an, and each case can exist alone.
  • the description of "at least one of a, b, and c" includes a alone, b alone, c alone, a combination of a and b, a combination of a and c, a combination of b and c, or a combination of abc Condition.
  • Laser Radar can also be called Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR, or Laser Detection and Ranging, LADAR).
  • Lidar refers to radar that uses laser light as its working beam.
  • lidar includes a laser and a receiver, with the laser as the signal source, the laser generates and emits a beam of pulse waves, hits the target (for example, trees, roads, bridges and buildings, etc.)
  • the pulse signal can be called the echo, which is finally received by the receiver.
  • the distance from the laser radar to the target point can be calculated.
  • the laser pulse continuously scans the target to obtain the data of multiple positions on the target. After imaging processing with this data, a three-dimensional image of the target can be obtained.
  • the emission angle of the pulse wave in the three-dimensional space can be described based on the coordinate system of the three-dimensional space.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific form of the coordinate system.
  • the world coordinate system, WGS-84 longitude-latitude coordinate system or UTM coordinates can be used
  • a global coordinate system such as a laser radar coordinate system or a local coordinate system such as a vehicle body coordinate system can also be used.
  • Figure 1 takes the car body coordinate system as an example to illustrate the expression of the emission angle of the pulse wave emitted by the laser radar in three-dimensional space.
  • o-xyz is the car body coordinate system, where the x-axis is the direction of the vehicle, or the direction of the front of the vehicle, the z-axis is the direction perpendicular to the road on which the vehicle is driving and facing upward, and the y-axis is the direction of standing on the road where the vehicle is driving And facing the left-hand direction when the vehicle is traveling.
  • the lidar emits a pulse wave, which is the dark ray in Figure 1.
  • the angle ⁇ between the projection of the pulse wave on the plane xoy and the pulse wave is called the vertical angle of the pulse wave.
  • the angle between the projection of the pulse wave on the plane xoy and the x-axis It is called the horizontal angle of the pulse wave, and the horizontal angle of the pulse wave and the vertical angle of the pulse wave are used to represent the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a laser radar waveform.
  • the laser radar emits pulse waves with preset vertical angles to the detection area according to the preset time interval.
  • the targets in the detection area include vehicles, pedestrians and signs, and the pulse waves emitted by the laser radar hit the vehicles, pedestrians and signs.
  • the laser radar emits a pulse wave 1 , and according to the distance between each target and the laser radar shown in FIG. 2 , it can be known that the pulse wave 1 hits vehicles, pedestrians and signs in sequence.
  • pulse wave 1 is reflected immediately after hitting vehicles, pedestrians, and signs, and the laser radar receives echo 1 corresponding to vehicles, echo 2 corresponding to pedestrians, and echo 3 corresponding to signs in sequence.
  • the multiple waveform sampling values obtained by sampling the received echo according to the sampling interval by the lidar can form the sampling waveform of the echo.
  • the leftmost one is the sampling waveform of the pulse wave 1 emitted by the lidar
  • the right side of the sampling waveform of the pulse wave 1 shows the sampling waveform of the echo 1 corresponding to the vehicle and the echo corresponding to the pedestrian
  • the sampling waveform of 2 and the sampling waveform of echo 3 corresponding to the sign, wherein, regardless of the sampling waveform of the pulse wave or the sampling waveform of the echo, the interval between any two adjacent sampling moments is called the sampling interval.
  • the data points (or called position points) formed by the pulse wave on the target can be extracted from the sampling waveform of the echo.
  • the echo records the backscattered echo information after the target object interacts with the emitted laser pulse, which can reflect the target object’s ability to scatter the pulse wave and the radiation characteristic information of the target object. Echo is of great significance for obtaining high-precision point cloud.
  • the point cloud data provided by traditional lidar has defects such as low accuracy and poor structure, which cannot meet the needs of future applications.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a data processing and transmission method. Based on this method, it can not only improve the accuracy of the laser radar point cloud data, but also effectively reduce the transmission pressure of the network bandwidth and improve the data processing efficiency.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the system can be used to improve the accuracy of LiDAR point cloud data.
  • the system includes at least two of roadside equipment, terminal equipment, and network side equipment, wherein the roadside equipment and terminal equipment can communicate in a wireless manner, and the roadside equipment and terminal equipment can respectively Communicate with network-side devices through wireless methods. In some possible embodiments, communication between roadside devices and between terminal devices may also be performed wirelessly.
  • a laser radar may be installed on the roadside device, or the roadside device may communicate with the laser radar in a wired connection.
  • the roadside device is configured to send the collected echo and the point cloud generated according to the echo to the network side device or the terminal device.
  • Roadside equipment can be, for example, devices such as Road Side Unit (Road Side Unit, RSU), Multi-Access Edge Computing (Multi-Access Edge Computing, MEC) or sensors, or components or chips inside these devices, or can be composed of A system-level device composed of RSU and MEC, or a system-level device composed of RSU and sensors, or a system-level device composed of RSU, MEC and sensors.
  • the lidar is installed on the terminal device.
  • the terminal device is used to send the echo collected by the lidar and the point cloud generated by the lidar according to the echo to the network side device or the roadside device.
  • the terminal device can be a vehicle, an on-board unit (On Board Unit, OBU), a smart wearable device (such as a sports bracelet, a watch, etc.), or a portable mobile device (such as a mobile phone, a tablet, etc.), or a component of the above-mentioned devices or a chip, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the network side device is used to receive lidar data sent by roadside equipment or terminal equipment, for example, echo waveform data and point cloud data, and obtain point cloud correction parameters according to the lidar data.
  • the network side device is also used to correct the point cloud data subsequently sent by the roadside device or terminal device according to the point cloud correction parameters.
  • the network side device may be, for example, a server deployed on the network side (such as an application server or a map server), or a component or chip in the server.
  • the network-side device can be deployed in a cloud environment or an edge environment.
  • the network-side device can be one integrated device or multiple distributed devices, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • communication between roadside equipment, between terminal equipment, between network side equipment and roadside equipment or terminal equipment can use cellular communication technology, such as 2G cellular communication, such as global mobile communication system (global system for mobile communication, GSM), general packet radio service (general packet radio service, GPRS); or 3G cellular communication, such as wideband code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), time division synchronous code division multiple access (time division-synchronous code division multiple access, TS-SCDMA), code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA), or 4G cellular communication, such as long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), LTE -Vehicle to Everything (V2X) PC5 communication, or 5G cellular communication, such as New Radio (NR)-V2X PC5 communication, or other evolved cellular communication technologies.
  • 2G cellular communication such as global mobile communication system (global system for mobile communication, GSM), general packet radio service (general packet radio service, GPRS); or 3G cellular communication, such as wideband code division multiple
  • the wireless communication system may also utilize non-cellular communication technologies, such as Wi-Fi and wireless local area network (wireless local area network, WLAN) communication.
  • the communication between the above devices can also use infrared link, bluetooth or ZigBee for direct communication.
  • other wireless protocols may be used for communication between the above devices, such as various vehicle communication systems, for example, the system may include one or more dedicated short range communications (DSRC) devices, these devices It may include public and/or private data communication between vehicles and/or roadside stations, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • DSRC dedicated short range communications
  • FIG. 3 is only an exemplary architecture diagram, but does not limit the number of network elements included in the system shown in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 3 may also include other functional entities.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 3 , and of course the method provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to other communication systems, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a data processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method is applied to a communication system composed of a first device and a second device.
  • the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:
  • S101 The second device sends a first message to the first device.
  • the first message may be sent by the second device to the first device spontaneously.
  • first execute S100 the first device sends a data request to the second device, and accordingly, after the second device receives the data request from the first device, based on the The data request sends a first message to the first device.
  • the first message is used to indicate the first point cloud and the echo generated according to the echo received by the lidar, the echo corresponds to the pulse wave sent by the lidar, and the first message includes the echo Waveform data and first point cloud data, wherein the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, and the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud.
  • the echo corresponding to the pulse wave sent by the laser radar means that a pulse wave sent by the laser radar can generate an echo when it hits a target object, in other words, an echo is generated from a pulse wave send.
  • a pulse wave sent by the lidar hits multiple targets, multiple echoes can be generated, and the number of echoes is the same as the number of targets hit by the pulse wave.
  • multiple The echo corresponds to the same pulse wave sent by the lidar.
  • the pulse wave 1 sent by the lidar hits vehicles, pedestrians, and signs in sequence.
  • the lidar receives echo 1 corresponding to the vehicle, echo 2 corresponding to pedestrians, and echo 3 corresponding to the sign. , where echo 1, echo 2, and echo 3 correspond to pulse wave 1, respectively.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, which may be: the echo waveform data includes the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the transmitted pulse wave.
  • the echo waveform data includes the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the transmitted pulse wave.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo, which may be: the echo waveform data includes the sampling value of the echo waveform.
  • the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud, which may be: the first point cloud data includes the horizontal angle, vertical angle and distance.
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, including: the echo waveform data includes the first echo waveform data and the second echo waveform data, The first echo waveform data is used to indicate the first sampling waveform of the first echo and the first detection position in space of the first pulse wave corresponding to the first echo, and the second echo waveform data is used to indicate the first sampling waveform of the first echo.
  • the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud, including: first The point cloud data includes the first set of point cloud data and the second set of point cloud data, the first set of point cloud data is used to indicate the first spatial position of the first set of point cloud generated according to the first echo, and the second set of point cloud data
  • the data of the group point cloud is used to indicate the second spatial position of the second group of point cloud generated according to the second echo;
  • the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data also include index information, and the index information is used to indicate the first A first correspondence between the echo waveform data and the first set of point cloud data, and a second correspondence between the second echo waveform data and the second set of point cloud data.
  • the index information may be time information, space information or identification.
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the acquisition moment of the echo or the pulse emission moment of the pulse wave corresponding to the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be The collection time of the location point
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the detection orientation of the pulse wave corresponding to the echo in space or the detection area corresponding to the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be The distribution range of the spatial position of the point cloud is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the index information in the echo waveform data can be the number or serial number of the echo
  • the index information in the first point cloud data can be the serial number of the point cloud, or the number of each position point in the point cloud composed serial number.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a first message provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first message includes the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data.
  • the echo waveform data includes the following information: echo waveform sampling value, horizontal angle and vertical angle of the transmitted pulse wave.
  • the angle of the pulse wave transmission is not limited to be represented by the horizontal angle and the vertical angle, and other parameters used to indicate the spatial orientation can also be selected.
  • the waveform sampling values of echo 1 include sampling value 1, sampling value 2, . . . , sampling value k.
  • the first point cloud data includes the horizontal angle, vertical angle and distance of each location point relative to the lidar.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of another first message provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first point cloud data of the first message can also be expressed in the form shown in FIG. 5B .
  • the first point cloud data includes multiple sets of point cloud data, and each set of point cloud data includes a horizontal angle, a vertical angle, and a distance of each of the multiple position points compared with the lidar.
  • the first point cloud data also includes index information, and the index information is an identifier, for example, the index information indicates that echo 1 corresponds to the data of the first group of point clouds, and echo m corresponds to the data of the pth group of point clouds .
  • the echo waveform data also includes index information, for example, the index information indicates that pulse wave 1 corresponds to echo 1, and the index information also indicates that pulse wave n corresponds to echo m.
  • FIG. 5B reference may be made to the description of the corresponding information in FIG. 5A , which will not be repeated here.
  • the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data may be carried in the data body of the first message.
  • the first message further includes a header
  • the header includes parameters for recovering the real value of the waveform of the echo.
  • This parameter is used to provide at least one of the echo waveform gain and the echo waveform offset, wherein the echo waveform gain is the multiplication factor between the echo waveform sampling value and the echo waveform real value, echo
  • the waveform offset is the addition operation factor between the echo waveform sampling value and the echo waveform real value.
  • the echo waveform sampling value is multiplied based on the echo waveform gain to obtain the true value of the echo waveform; when this parameter only provides the echo waveform offset, Then add the echo waveform sampling value based on the echo waveform offset to obtain the true value of the echo waveform; when this parameter provides the echo waveform gain and echo waveform offset, both based on the echo waveform gain
  • the echo waveform sampling value is multiplied and the echo waveform sampling value is added based on the echo waveform offset.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the echo waveform gain or echo waveform offset to a fixed operation. process. It can be understood that the echo waveform gain and/or the echo waveform offset effectively reduces the storage space occupied by the echo waveform sampling value, and reduces the amount of data carried by the first message.
  • the first message further includes first spatial information, and the first spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the first point cloud belongs to the first spatial region.
  • the first spatial information may be carried in the echo waveform data or the first point cloud data or the header of the first message.
  • the first spatial area may be a ground area or a non-ground area.
  • the first spatial area may also be a road area or a non-road area, and the first spatial area may also be a high-density area or a low-density area.
  • the first spatial region may also be a combination of the foregoing multiple regions, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the pulse transmission time of the pulse wave.
  • the pulse transmission time may be carried in the header of the first message or in the echo waveform data.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the echo collection time
  • the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo, which may be: the echo waveform data includes the echo collected at the echo collection time The waveform sample value of .
  • the echo collection time may be carried in the header of the first message or in the echo waveform data.
  • the pulse transmission time or the echo collection time may be represented by an absolute time, or may be represented based on a reference time and an offset, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another first message provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first message shown in FIG. 6 includes a header in addition to the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data.
  • the header carries the echo waveform Gain, echo waveform offset, and first spatial information, where the first spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the first point cloud belongs to the first spatial region.
  • the pulse emission time of the pulse wave and the echo collection time for example, the echo collection time of echo 1 includes time m1, time m2, ..., time mk , and the waveform sampling value of echo 1 includes sampling value 1, sampling value 2, ..., sampling value k, wherein sampling value 1 corresponds to time m1, sampling value 2 corresponds to time m2, and sampling value k corresponds to time mk.
  • the echo collection time of echo 1 includes time m1, time m2, ..., time mk
  • the waveform sampling value of echo 1 includes sampling value 1, sampling value 2, ..., sampling value k, wherein sampling value 1 corresponds to time m1, sampling value 2 corresponds to time m2, and sampling value k corresponds to time mk.
  • the first message is also used to provide a time scaling factor and/or a time offset, wherein the time scaling factor is a multiplication factor between the echo acquisition time and the actual echo acquisition time,
  • the time offset is an additive operation factor between the echo acquisition time of the echo and the real acquisition time of the echo.
  • the time scale factor and/or time offset may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the time scale factor and/or the time offset can be used to restore the real acquisition time of the echo.
  • the echo acquisition time is multiplied based on the time scale factor to obtain the real acquisition time of the echo;
  • the echo acquisition time is added based on the time offset to obtain the real echo acquisition time;
  • the first message provides the time scale factor and time offset, the echo acquisition time is multiplied based on the time scale factor
  • the calculation is based on the time offset to add the echo collection time.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the echo waveform gain or the echo waveform offset to be used in a fixed calculation process. It can be understood that the time scale factor and/or the time offset effectively reduce the storage space required for storing the echo collection time, and reduce the data volume of the first message.
  • the first message is also optionally used to indicate the type of the second device, the identification of the second device, the model of the lidar, the identification of the lidar, and the time between any two adjacent echo collection times. At least one of the time interval between and the time interval between any two adjacent pulse wave acquisition moments. It should be noted that the above information may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the second device may be a roadside device or a terminal device
  • the first device may distinguish the source of the first message based on the type of the second device.
  • the identification of the second device may be a vehicle identification number (Vehicle Identification Number, Vin) of the vehicle; when the second device is an RSU, the identification of the second device Can be the device number of the RSU.
  • Vin Vehicle Identification Number
  • the first message is also used to indicate at least one of the driving speed of the second device and the heading angle of the second device. one item.
  • the driving speed of the second device and/or the heading angle of the second device may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the first message is also used to indicate the sending time of the first message, the number of bits occupied by the waveform sampling value of the echo or the waveform sampling value of the pulse wave in the first message, and the waveform compression mode of the echo and at least one of pulse compression methods of pulse waves. It should be noted that the above information may be carried in the header of the first message.
  • the waveform compression method can reduce the storage space required for storing the sampling waveform of the echo.
  • the first point cloud data also includes: the acquisition time, RGB value, intensity, the number of echoes corresponding to each position point in the first point cloud and the number of echoes corresponding to each position point. At least one of the echo numbers.
  • FIG. 2 Take Figure 2 as an example to illustrate the number of echoes corresponding to the position points in the point cloud and the echo numbers corresponding to the position points. It is assumed that three position points are extracted from the sampling waveform of the echoes, which are respectively the position points 1 and 1 corresponding to the vehicle. The position point 2 corresponding to the pedestrian and the position point 3 corresponding to the sign, if these three points belong to the first point cloud, since these three position points correspond to the pulse wave 1, and the pulse wave 1 corresponds to the three echoes Therefore, the number of echoes corresponding to position point 1, the number of echoes corresponding to position point 2, and the number of echoes corresponding to position point 3 are all three. In addition, the echo number corresponding to the position point 1 is 1, the echo number corresponding to the position point 2 is 2, and the echo number corresponding to the position point 3 is 3.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another first message provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the header of the first message shown in FIG. 7 also carries the time scale factor, device type, device identifier, sampling time interval and lidar model, wherein,
  • the equipment type is the type of the above-mentioned second equipment
  • the equipment identification is the identification of the above-mentioned second equipment
  • the sampling time interval can be the time interval between any two adjacent echo collection moments and/or any two phases.
  • the first point cloud data in the first message shown in FIG. 7 also includes the intensity of each position point and the RGB value of each position point. It should be noted that, for other information in FIG. 7 , reference may be made to the description of the corresponding information in FIG. 6 , which will not be repeated here.
  • S102 The first device obtains point cloud correction parameters according to the first message.
  • the first device obtains the point cloud correction parameters according to the first message, specifically: the first device obtains the fourth point cloud data according to the echo waveform data; according to the first point cloud data and the fourth point cloud data Obtain point cloud correction parameters.
  • the above-mentioned first point cloud data is generated by the lidar using the first processing method
  • the first processing method may be the threshold method provided by the manufacturer
  • the fourth point cloud data is generated by the first device using the second processing method extracted from wave waveform data.
  • the second processing method has higher precision and requires higher computing power of the device.
  • the second processing manner may be an expectation-maximization (Expectation-Maximization, EM) algorithm, a nonlinear least-squares Gaussian decomposition algorithm, etc., which are not specifically limited here.
  • the point cloud indicated by the fourth point cloud data is denser, has a better structure, and has more position points.
  • the fourth point cloud data corresponding to each position point in the first point cloud data is determined according to the acquisition time of each position point in the first point cloud data
  • the point cloud correction parameters are obtained according to the difference between each position point in the first point cloud data and the position point in the fourth point cloud data corresponding to each position point.
  • the first device obtains the fourth point cloud data according to the echo waveform data, which may be: the first device obtains the fourth point cloud data according to the head and the echo waveform data.
  • the head includes an echo waveform gain and/or an echo waveform offset, using the echo waveform gain and/or echo waveform offset to process the echo waveform data, and obtaining the first Four point cloud data.
  • the echo waveform data includes first echo waveform data and second echo waveform data
  • the first echo waveform data is used to indicate the first sampling waveform of the first echo and the corresponding The first detection orientation of the first pulse wave in the space
  • the second echo waveform data is used to indicate the second sampling waveform of the second echo and the second pulse wave corresponding to the second echo in the said The second probing orientation in space.
  • the first point cloud data includes data of a first group of point clouds and data of a second group of point clouds
  • the data of the first group of point clouds is used to indicate a first spatial position of the first group of point clouds generated according to the first echoes
  • the data of the second group of point clouds is used to indicate the second spatial position of the second group of point clouds generated according to the second echoes. Since it also includes the first spatial information, the first spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the first point cloud belongs to the first spatial area, wherein the first spatial area includes spatial area A and spatial area B, and the first spatial information is used to indicate The first spatial location belongs to spatial region A and the second spatial location belongs to spatial region B.
  • the first device may also determine that the processing priority of the first echo waveform data is higher than that of the second echo according to the first spatial information.
  • the processing priority of the waveform data, and/or the processing priority of the first group of point cloud data is higher than the processing priority of the second group of point cloud data.
  • the processing priority of the data corresponding to the spatial region A is higher than the processing priority of the data corresponding to the spatial region A, wherein the spatial region A and the spatial region B can satisfy any of the following: the spatial region A is a ground region, The space area B is an air area; the space area A is a road area, and the space area B is a non-road area; or the space area A is a high-density area, and the space area B is a low-density area.
  • the setting of the data priority corresponding to the spatial region may also be in other forms, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first spatial area indicated by the first message may be an area corresponding to a higher processing priority, that is, the second device uploads the first message first
  • the echoes received in the area with higher processing priority and the first point cloud generated according to the echoes can reduce the transmission pressure on the network bandwidth.
  • the first message can be used to indicate that the first point cloud belongs to multiple different spatial regions, and different spatial regions have different processing priorities.
  • the first device can process the multiple spatial regions according to the first message.
  • Priority The data corresponding to the spatial region with a higher processing priority is preferentially processed, which improves the data processing efficiency.
  • S103 The second device sends a second message to the first device.
  • the second message is used to indicate the second point cloud, and the second message includes the second point cloud data.
  • the sending frequency of the first message is the first frequency
  • the sending frequency of the second message is the second frequency
  • the first frequency is lower than the second frequency. That is to say, within the same time period, the number of times the first message is sent is less than the number of times the second message is sent.
  • the first message includes echo waveform data and the first point cloud data
  • the second message includes the second point cloud data. It can be seen that the amount of data carried by the first message is greater than the amount of data carried by the second message. Therefore, Sending the first message at a lower frequency and sending the second message at a higher frequency can effectively reduce the transmission pressure on the network bandwidth.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a message sending frequency provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the six-pointed star represents the first message
  • the circle represents the second message. It can be seen that within the preset period, the first message is sent only once, and the second message is sent twice.
  • the first message sent by the second device at time t0 includes echo waveform data 1 and point cloud data 1
  • the second message sent at time t1 includes point cloud data 2
  • the second message sent includes point cloud data 3, wherein any two of point cloud data 1, point cloud data 2 and point cloud data 3 are different, but point cloud data 1, point cloud data 2 and point cloud data 3 are
  • the laser radar is extracted separately from different echo waveform data by using the first processing method.
  • the first message sent by the second device at time t3 includes echo waveform data 2 and point cloud data 4
  • the second message sent at time t4 includes point cloud data 5, and at time t5
  • the second message sent includes point cloud data 6 .
  • the second message further includes second spatial information, and the second spatial information is used to indicate that the spatial position of the second point cloud belongs to the second spatial region.
  • S104 The first device acquires third point cloud data by using the point cloud correction parameters and the second point cloud data.
  • using the point cloud correction parameters and the second point cloud data to obtain the third point cloud data may be: using the point cloud correction parameters for each point cloud data in the second point cloud data Points are corrected to obtain the third point cloud data.
  • using the point cloud correction parameters and the second point cloud data to obtain the third point cloud data may be: determine that each position point in the second point cloud data corresponds to The point cloud correction parameter of each position point is used to correct the position point by using the point cloud correction parameter corresponding to each position point, so as to obtain the third point cloud data.
  • the second point cloud can be determined according to the spatial region to which the position point belongs in the second point cloud data and the mapping relationship between the spatial region and the point cloud correction parameter.
  • Point cloud correction parameters corresponding to each position point in the data.
  • the first device obtains echo waveform data 1 and point cloud data 1 from the received first message at time t0, and can obtain point cloud correction parameters based on echo waveform data 1 and point cloud data 1 1.
  • the first device obtains the point cloud data 2 from the second message at time t1, use the point cloud correction parameter 1 to correct the point cloud data 2 to improve the accuracy of the point cloud data 2;
  • the point cloud data 3 is corrected using the point cloud correction parameter 1 to improve the accuracy of the point cloud data 3 .
  • the first device obtains the echo waveform data 2 and the point cloud data 4 from the received first message at time t3, and can obtain the point cloud correction parameter 2 according to the echo waveform data 2 and the point cloud data 4; when the first device is in When the point cloud data 5 is obtained from the second message at time t4, use the point cloud correction parameter 2 to correct the point cloud data 5 to improve the accuracy of the point cloud data 5; when the first device obtains the point cloud data 5 from the second message at time t5 When the point cloud data 6 is obtained, the point cloud data 6 is corrected using the point cloud correction parameter 2 to improve the accuracy of the point cloud data 6 .
  • the first device receives multiple messages, the multiple messages are at least two items of the first message, the second message and the third message, and the third message is received from the third device for A message indicating the fifth point cloud, the third message includes fifth point cloud data, the fifth point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the fifth point cloud, the third message also includes third spatial information, and the third spatial information is used It indicates that the spatial position of the fifth point cloud belongs to the third spatial region; in this case, the first device may also determine the processing priority among the plurality of messages according to the plurality of spatial information in the plurality of messages. Wherein, the plurality of spatial information is at least two items of the first spatial information, the second spatial information and the third spatial information. It should be noted that the processing priority of the message depends on the processing priority corresponding to the spatial region, and the specific data priority corresponding to the spatial region can refer to the related description of S102 above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first device may preferentially process messages with higher processing priorities according to spatial information in multiple messages, which can improve message processing efficiency.
  • the echo waveform data and the first point cloud data are obtained through the first message, and the point cloud correction parameters are obtained according to the first message.
  • the present application can correct the second point cloud indicated by the second message according to the point cloud correction parameters after receiving the second message sent by the second device, thereby improving the accuracy of the laser radar point cloud data.
  • the sending frequency of the first message is lower than the sending frequency of the second message, since the amount of data carried by the first message is greater than the amount of data carried by the second message, thus improving the accuracy of the point cloud data of the lidar and at the same time It can reduce the transmission pressure of network bandwidth.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic functional structure diagram of a data processing device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the data processing device 30 includes a receiving unit 310 and a processing unit 312 .
  • the data processing device 30 can be realized by hardware, software or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the receiving unit 310 is configured to receive a first message from the second device, the first message is used to indicate the first point cloud and the echo generated according to the echo received by the lidar, and the echo is consistent with the pulse sent by the lidar
  • the first message includes echo waveform data and first point cloud data, wherein the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, and the first point cloud data is used for The spatial position of the first point cloud is indicated;
  • the processing unit 312 is configured to acquire a point cloud correction parameter according to the first message.
  • the data processing apparatus 30 further includes a sending unit 314, and the sending unit 314 is configured to send a data request to the second device.
  • Each functional module of the data processing apparatus 30 may be used to implement the method on the first device side described in the embodiment of FIG. 4 .
  • the receiving unit 310 and the processing unit 312 may be used to execute S103
  • the sending unit 314 may be used to execute S101.
  • each unit in the above embodiment shown in FIG. 9 can be realized by software, hardware, firmware or a combination thereof.
  • the software or firmware includes but is not limited to computer program instructions or codes, and can be executed by a hardware processor.
  • the hardware includes but is not limited to various integrated circuits, such as a central processing unit (CPU, Central Processing Unit), a digital signal processor (DSP, Digital Signal Processor), a field programmable gate array (FPGA, Field Programmable Gate Array) or Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic functional structure diagram of a data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the data transmission device 40 includes a generating unit 410 and a sending unit 412 .
  • the data transmission device 40 can be realized by hardware, software or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the generating unit 410 is configured to generate a first message, the first message is used to indicate the first point cloud and the echo generated according to the echo received by the lidar, the echo corresponds to the pulse wave sent by the lidar,
  • the first message includes echo waveform data and first point cloud data, wherein the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, and the first point cloud data is used to indicate the first point The spatial location of the cloud; the sending unit 412, configured to send the first message.
  • the data transmission apparatus 40 further includes a receiving unit 414, and the receiving unit 414 is configured to receive a data request from the first device.
  • Each functional module of the data transmission apparatus 40 may be used to implement the method on the second device side described in the embodiment of FIG. 4 .
  • the generating unit 410 and the sending unit 412 may be used to perform S102
  • the receiving unit 414 may be used to perform S101.
  • each unit in the above embodiment shown in FIG. 10 can be realized by software, hardware, firmware or a combination thereof.
  • the software or firmware includes but is not limited to computer program instructions or codes, and can be executed by a hardware processor.
  • the hardware includes but is not limited to various integrated circuits, such as a central processing unit (CPU, Central Processing Unit), a digital signal processor (DSP, Digital Signal Processor), a field programmable gate array (FPGA, Field Programmable Gate Array) or Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a device.
  • the device 50 includes: a processor 501 , a communication interface 502 , a memory 503 and a bus 504 .
  • the processor 501 , the memory 503 and the communication interface 502 communicate through a bus 504 .
  • Device 50 may be a server or a device. It should be understood that the present application does not limit the number of processors and memories in the device 50 .
  • the apparatus 50 may be the first device in the above embodiment in FIG. 4 , and the first device may be a network side device, a roadside device or a terminal device.
  • the network side device may be, for example, a server deployed on the network side (such as an application server or a map server), or a component or a chip in the server.
  • the network side device may be deployed in a cloud environment or an edge environment, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Roadside equipment can be, for example, devices such as Road Side Unit (Road Side Unit, RSU), Multi-Access Edge Computing (Multi-Access Edge Computing, MEC) or sensors, or components or chips inside these devices, or can be composed of A system-level device composed of RSU and MEC, or a system-level device composed of RSU and sensors, or a system-level device composed of RSU, MEC and sensors.
  • Terminal devices can be vehicles, OBUs, smart wearable devices (such as sports bracelets, watches, etc.), portable mobile devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, etc.), components of portable mobile devices, chips, and other devices that can communicate with network-side devices
  • the sensor or device is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the application.
  • the device 50 may be the second device in the above-mentioned embodiment in FIG. equipment. That is, the lidar may be incorporated in the second device, or the lidar may be independent of the second device.
  • the second device may be a roadside device or a terminal device.
  • the roadside equipment can be, for example, devices such as roadside units, multi-access edge computing, or sensors, or components or chips inside these devices, or system-level equipment composed of RSU and MEC, or composed of RSU and MEC.
  • a system-level device composed of sensors can also be a system-level device composed of RSU, MEC and sensors.
  • the terminal device can be a vehicle, an on-board unit (On Board Unit, OBU), a smart wearable device (such as a sports bracelet, a watch, etc.), or a portable mobile device (such as a mobile phone, a tablet, etc.), or a component of the above-mentioned devices or a chip, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • OBU On Board Unit
  • a smart wearable device such as a sports bracelet, a watch, etc.
  • a portable mobile device such as a mobile phone, a tablet, etc.
  • the bus 504 may be a peripheral component interconnect standard (peripheral component interconnect, PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (extended industry standard architecture, EISA) bus or the like.
  • PCI peripheral component interconnect
  • EISA extended industry standard architecture
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus and so on. For ease of representation, only one line is used in Fig. 11, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • Bus 504 may include a pathway for transferring information between various components of device 50 (eg, memory 503, processor 501, communication interface 502).
  • the processor 501 may include any one or more of processors such as a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a microprocessor (micro processor, MP), or a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP).
  • processors such as a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a microprocessor (micro processor, MP), or a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP).
  • the memory 503 is used to provide a storage space, in which data such as operating systems and computer programs can be stored.
  • Memory 503 can be random access memory (random access memory, RAM), erasable programmable read only memory (erasable programmable read only memory, EPROM), read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), or portable read-only memory One or more combinations of memory (compact disc read memory, CD-ROM), etc.
  • the memory 503 may exist independently, or may be integrated inside the processor 501 .
  • Communication interface 502 may be used to provide information input or output to processor 501 .
  • the communication interface 502 can be used to receive data sent from the outside and/or send data to the outside, and can be a wired link interface such as an Ethernet cable, or a wireless link (such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, general wireless transmission, etc.) interface.
  • the communication interface 502 may further include a transmitter (such as a radio frequency transmitter, an antenna, etc.) or a receiver coupled with the interface.
  • the processor 501 in the device 50 is configured to read the computer program stored in the memory 503 to execute the aforementioned data transmission method, such as the method on the first device side described in FIG. 4 .
  • the device 50 may be one or more modules in the first device, and the processor 501 may be used to read one or more computer programs stored in the memory to perform the following operations:
  • the first message is used to indicate the first point cloud and the echo generated according to the echo received by the lidar, the echo corresponding to the pulse wave sent by the lidar,
  • the first message includes echo waveform data and first point cloud data, wherein the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, and the first point cloud data is used to indicate the first point the spatial location of the cloud;
  • the processor 501 in the device 50 is configured to read the computer program stored in the memory 503 to execute the aforementioned data transmission method, such as the method on the second device side described in FIG. 4 .
  • the device 50 may be one or more modules in the second device, and the processor 501 may be used to read one or more computer programs stored in the memory to perform the following operations:
  • the first message is used to indicate the first point cloud and echo generated according to the echo received by the lidar, the echo corresponds to the pulse wave sent by the lidar, the first message includes echo waveform data and the first point cloud data, wherein the echo waveform data is used to indicate the sampling waveform of the echo and the detection orientation of the pulse wave in space, and the first point cloud data is used to indicate the spatial position of the first point cloud;
  • the first message is sent by the sending unit 412 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned data processing device 30 or data transmission device 40 .
  • a vehicle which includes the above-mentioned data processing device 30 or data transmission device 40 .
  • the vehicle when the vehicle includes the data processing device 30, the vehicle can be used to execute the method on the first device side described in FIG. 4 above.
  • the vehicle when the vehicle includes the data transmission device 40, the vehicle can be used to execute the method on the second device side described in FIG. 4 above.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, where the communication system includes a first device and a second device.
  • the system is used to implement the methods described in the above embodiments of the present application.
  • the first device may be a network side device, a roadside device or a terminal device.
  • the network side device may be, for example, a server deployed on the network side (such as an application server or a map server), or a component or a chip in the server.
  • the network side device may be deployed in a cloud environment or an edge environment, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Roadside equipment can be, for example, devices such as Road Side Unit (Road Side Unit, RSU), Multi-Access Edge Computing (Multi-Access Edge Computing, MEC) or sensors, or components or chips inside these devices, or can be composed of A system-level device composed of RSU and MEC, or a system-level device composed of RSU and sensors, or a system-level device composed of RSU, MEC and sensors.
  • Terminal devices can be vehicles, OBUs, smart wearable devices (such as sports bracelets, watches, etc.), portable mobile devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, etc.), components of portable mobile devices, chips, and other devices that can communicate with network-side devices
  • the sensor or device is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the application.
  • the second device may be a laser radar, or a device communicating with the laser radar, or a device equipped with a laser radar. That is, the lidar may be incorporated in the second device, or the lidar may be independent of the second device.
  • the second device may be a roadside device or a terminal device.
  • the roadside equipment can be, for example, devices such as roadside units, multi-access edge computing, or sensors, or components or chips inside these devices, or system-level equipment composed of RSU and MEC, or composed of RSU and MEC.
  • a system-level device composed of sensors can also be a system-level device composed of RSU, MEC and sensors.
  • the terminal device can be a vehicle, an on-board unit (On Board Unit, OBU), a smart wearable device (such as a sports bracelet, a watch, etc.), or a portable mobile device (such as a mobile phone, a tablet, etc.), or a component of the above-mentioned devices or a chip, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • OBU On Board Unit
  • a smart wearable device such as a sports bracelet, a watch, etc.
  • a portable mobile device such as a mobile phone, a tablet, etc.
  • storage medium includes read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable Read-only Memory, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory ( Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EPROM), One-time Programmable Read-Only Memory (OTPROM), Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM, Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, tape storage, or any other computer-readable medium that can be used to carry or store data.
  • Read-Only Memory Read-Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • PROM Programmable Read-only Memory
  • PROM Programmable Read-only Memory
  • EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
  • OTPROM One-time Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • EEPROM Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
  • the essence of the technical solution of the present application or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of software products.
  • the computer program product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions. So that a device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, a robot, a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, a robot, etc.) executes all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.

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Abstract

一种数据处理、传输方法及装置、通信系统、车辆、计算机可读存储介质和计算机程序产品，该数据处理方法包括：从第二设备接收第一消息，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和回波对应的脉冲波在空间中的探测方位（S101）；根据第一消息获取点云校正参数（S102）；从第二设备接收第二消息（S103）；使用点云校正参数对第二消息指示的第二点云数据进行校正（S104）。该方法提高了激光雷达的点云数据的精准度。另外，第一消息的发送频率低于第二消息的发送频率，由于第一消息承载的数据量大于第二消息承载的数据量，由此，在提高激光雷达的点云数据的精准度的同时还能减小网络带宽的传输压力。

Description

一种数据处理、传输方法及装置
本申请要求于2021年10月15日提交中国知识产权局、申请号为202111203058.2、申请名称为“一种数据处理、传输方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及车联网领域，尤其涉及一种数据处理、传输方法及装置。
背景技术
随着激光雷达技术的发展及应用，越来越多的路侧设备、车端等安装了激光雷达，激光雷达的应用也越来越广泛。
传统激光雷达提供的点云数据的质量不高，例如，精度低、点云的稠密度低、结构性差等，因此，如何提高激光雷达的点云数据的精准度是亟需解决的难题。
发明内容
本申请公开了一种数据处理、传输方法及装置，能够提高激光雷达的点云数据的精准度。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种数据处理方法，应用于第一设备，该方法包括：从第二设备接收第一消息，第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和回波，该回波与激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置；根据第一消息获取点云校正参数。其中具体地，根据第一消息获取点云校正参数，包括根据回波波形数据和第一点云数据获取点云校正参数。
需要说明的是，第一设备可以是网络侧设备、路侧设备或终端设备。其中，网络侧设备例如可以是部署在网络侧的服务器(例如应用服务器或地图服务器)，或者为该服务器中的组件或者芯片。网络侧设备可以部署在云环境或者边缘环境中，本申请实施例不做具体限定。路侧设备例如可以是路侧单元(Road Side Unit，RSU)、多接入边缘计算(Multi-Access Edge Computing，MEC)或者传感器等装置，或者是这些装置内部的组件或者芯片，也可以是由RSU和MEC组成的系统级设备，或者是由RSU和传感器组成的系统级设备，还可以是由RSU、MEC和传感器组成的系统级设备。终端设备可以是车辆、OBU、智能穿戴设备(例如，运动手环、手表等)、便携移动设备(例如，手机、平板等)、便携移动设备的部件、芯片等可以与网络侧设备通信的其他传感器或设备，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
第二设备可以是激光雷达，也可以是与激光雷达通信的设备，还可以是装配有激光雷达的设备。也就是说，激光雷达可以装配于第二设备中，或者激光雷达独立于第二设备。第二设备可以是路侧设备或终端设备。其中，路侧设备例如可以是路侧单元、多接入边缘计算或者传感器等装置，或者是这些装置内部的组件或者芯片，也可以是由RSU和MEC组成的系统级设备，或者是由RSU和传感器组成的系统级设备，还可以是由RSU、MEC和传感器组成的系统级设备。终端设备可以是车辆、车载单元(On Board Unit，OBU)、智能穿戴设备 (例如，运动手环、手表等)或者便携移动设备(例如，手机、平板等)，也可以是上述设备中的组件或芯片，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
其中，回波与脉冲波相对应是指：激光雷达发送的一个脉冲波碰到一个目标物可产生一个回波，换句话说，一个回波的产生是源于一个脉冲波的发送。可以理解，当激光雷达发送的一个脉冲波碰到多个目标物时可产生多个回波，且这多个回波与激光雷达发送的同一个脉冲波对应。
上述方法中，第一消息指示了激光雷达接收的回波，回波能反映出目标物对脉冲波的散射能力强弱和目标物的辐射特性，第一消息还指示了激光雷达根据该回波生成的第一点云，第一设备可以根据回波和第一点云获得点云校正参数，点云校正参数可以用于提高激光雷达的点云数据的精准度。
可选地，该方法还包括：从第二设备接收第二消息，第二消息用于指示第二点云，第二消息包括第二点云数据，其中，第二点云数据用于指示第二点云的空间位置；根据点云校正参数和第二点云数据获取第三点云数据。
实施上述实现方式，第一点云和第二点云可以由同一个激光雷达产生，根据第一消息获取的点云校正参数可以对第二点云数据进行校正获得第三点云数据，可以理解，第三点云数据的精准度大于第二点云数据的精准度。
可选地，第一消息的发送频率为第一频率，第二消息的发送频率为第二频率，第一频率低于第二频率。
实施上述实现方式，第一频率低于第二频率，也就是说，以较低的频率发送第一消息，且以较高的频率发送第二消息，可以理解，由于第一消息指示的有回波，故第一消息承载的数据量大于第二消息承载的数据量，在有限的计算力和传输带宽下，不仅能够提高激光雷达的点云数据的精准度，还有效减少了网络传输压力。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：回波波形数据包括发射脉冲波的水平角和垂直角。
实施上述实现方式，激光雷达发射脉冲波的水平角和垂直角可用于表示该脉冲波在空间中的探测方位。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形，包括：回波波形数据包括回波的波形采样值。
实施上述实现方式，回波的采样波形可以表示为该回波的多个波形采样值组成的序列。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在空间中的第一探测方位，第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在空间中的第二探测方位；第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置，包括：第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，第一组点云的数据用于指示根据第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，第二组点云的数据用于指示根据第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置；回波波形数据和第一点云数据中还包括索引信息，该索引信息用于指示第一回波波形数据与第一组点云的数据之间的第一对应关系，以及第二回波波形数据与第二组点云的数据之间的第二对应关系。
其中，索引信息可以是时间信息、空间信息或标识。
例如，索引信息为时间信息时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波的采集时刻或回波对应的脉冲波的发射时刻，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云中位置点的采集时刻。
例如，索引信息为空间信息时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波对应的脉冲波在空间中的探测方位或者回波对应的探测区域，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云的空间位置的分布范围，本申请不做具体限定。
例如，索引信息为标识时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波的编号或序号，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云的序号，或者点云中各个位置点的编号组成的序列号。
可选地，回波波形数据和第一点云数据可以承载于第一消息的数据体中。
可选地，第一消息还包括头部，头部包括用于根据回波的波形采样值恢复所述回波的波形真实值的参数。
实施上述实现方式，用于恢复所述回波的波形真实值的参数承载于第一消息的头部，能够有效减少第一消息承载的数据量，且方便第一设备快速从第一消息中获取第一参数。
可选地，该参数用于提供回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移，回波波形增益为回波的波形采样值与回波的波形真实值之间的乘法运算因子，回波波形偏移为回波的波形采样值与回波的波形真实值之间的加法运算因子。
实施上述实现方式，回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移有效减少了回波的波形采样值占据的存储空间，减少了第一消息的数据量。回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移可用于恢复回波的波形真实值。当该参数仅提供回波波形增益时，则基于回波波形增益对回波的波形采样值作乘法运算以获得回波的波形真实值；当该参数仅提供回波波形偏移时，则基于回波波形偏移对回波的波形采样值作加法运算以获得回波的波形真实值；当该参数提供回波波形增益和回波波形偏移时，则既基于回波波形增益对回波的波形采样值作乘法运算又基于回波波形偏移对回波的波形采样值作加法运算，本申请实施例并不限定回波波形增益或回波波形偏移用于一个固定的运算过程。
可选地，第一消息还包括第一空间信息，第一空间信息用于指示第一点云的空间位置属于第一空间区域。
实施上述实现方式，第一消息还指示了第一点云所属的空间区域，有利于第一设备快速匹配不同空间区域的点云数据。
可选地，第一空间信息承载于第一消息中的回波波形数据或者第一点云数据或头部中。
可选地，第二消息中还包括第二空间信息，第二空间信息用于指示第二点云的空间位置属于第二空间区域。
可选地，若回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在所述空间中的第一探测方位，第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在所述空间中的第二探测方位；若第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，第一组点云的数据用于指示根据第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，第二组点云的数据用于指示根据第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置。第一空间区域包括空间区域A和空间区域B，第一空间信息用于指示第一空间位置属于空间区域A以及第二空间位置属于空间区域B。
进一步可选地，该方法还包括，根据第一空间信息确定第一回波波形数据的处理优先级高于第二回波波形数据的处理优先级，和/或第一组点云的数据的处理优先级高于第二组点云的数据的处理优先级。
或者进一步可选地，空间区域A为地面区域，空间区域B为空中区域。
或者进一步可选地，空间区域A为道路区域，空间区域B为非道路区域。
或者进一步可选地，空间区域A为高密度区域，空间区域B为低密度区域。
由此可以看出，第一消息可以用于指示第一点云属于多个的不同空间区域，而不同的空间区域对应的处理优先级不同，第一设备可以根据第一消息中多个空间区域的处理优先级，优先对具有较高处理优先级的空间区域对应的数据进行处理，提高了数据的处理效率。
可选地，该方法还包括：接收多个消息，该多个消息为第一消息、第二消息和第三消息中的至少两项，第三消息为从第三设备接收的用于指示第五点云的消息，第三消息包括第五点云数据，第五点云数据用于指示第五点云的空间位置，第三消息中还包括第三空间信息，第三空间信息用于指示第五点云的空间位置属于第三空间区域；根据上述多个消息中的多个空间信息，确定上述多个消息之间的处理优先级，其中，上述多个空间信息为第一空间信息、第二空间信息和第三空间信息中的至少两项。由此可以看出，不同的空间信息对应的处理优先级不同，第一设备可以根据多个消息中的空间信息，优先对具有较高处理优先级的消息进行处理，可以提高消息的处理效率。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻。其中，脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻可以承载于第一消息的头部或者回波波形数据中。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示回波采集时刻，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形，包括：回波波形数据包括在回波采集时刻采集到的回波的波形采样值。其中，回波采集时刻可以承载于第一消息的头部或者回波波形数据中。
实施上述实现方式，回波的每个波形采样值与一个回波采集时刻对应，使得回波波形数据指示的回波的采样波形更加丰富。
可选地，第一消息还用于提供时间比例因子和/时间偏移，其中，时间比例因子为回波的回波采集时刻与回波的真实采集时刻之间的乘法运算因子，时间偏移为回波的回波采集时刻与回波的真实采集时刻之间的加法运算因子。时间比例因子和/时间偏移可以承载于第一消息的头部。
实施上述实现方式，时间比例因子和/时间偏移有效减少了存储回波采集时刻所需的存储空间，减少了第一消息的数据量。时间比例因子和/时间偏移可用于恢复回波的真实采集时刻。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示第二设备的类型、第二设备的标识、激光雷达的型号、激光雷达的标识、任意两个相邻的回波采集时刻之间的时间间隔和任意两个相邻的脉冲波采集时刻之间的时间间隔中的至少一项。需要说明的是，上述各个信息可以承载于第一消息的头部。
实施上述实现方式，第二设备的类型可以用于区分第一消息的来源，例如，来源于云端设备、路侧设备或终端。示例性地，当第二设备为路侧设备时，第二设备的标识可以是RSU的设备编号；当第二设备为车辆时，第二设备的标识可以是车辆的车辆识别码。
可选地，在第二设备的类型为车端设备时，第一消息还用于指示第二设备的行驶速度和第二设备的航向角中的至少一项。第二设备的行驶速度和/或第二设备的航向角可以承载于第 一消息的头部。
实施上述实现方式，当第二设备为车端设备时，由于车辆运动，车载的激光雷达采集到的回波会有偏差，基于第二设备的行驶速度和/或第二设备的航向角可以对激光雷达采集到的数据进行补偿，以尽可能消除偏差。
可选地，根据第一消息获取点云校正参数，包括：根据回波波形数据获取第四点云数据；根据第一点云数据和第四点云数据获取所述点云校正参数。
实施上述实现方式，从回波波形数据中提取第四点云数据，第四点云数据的精准度高于第一点云数据的精准度，基于第四点云数据和第一点云数据获得点云校正参数。
可选地，根据第一消息获取点云校正参数，包括：根据头部和回波波形数据获取第四点云数据；根据第一点云数据和第四点云数据获取所述点云校正参数。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示第一消息的发送时刻、回波的波形采样值或脉冲波的波形采样值在第一消息中占据的比特数、回波的波形压缩方式和脉冲波的脉冲压缩方式中的至少一项。需要说明的是，上述各个信息可以承载于第一消息的头部。
实施上述实现方式，回波的波形压缩方式用于减少回波占据的存储空间，脉冲波的脉冲压缩方式用于减少回波占据的存储空间，第一设备在解析回波时，可以采用波形压缩方式对应的解压方式对回波进行解压，同理，第一设备在解析脉冲波时，可以采用脉冲压缩方式对应的解压方式对脉冲波进行解压。
可选地，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置，包括：第一点云中每个位置点相对于激光雷达的水平角、垂直角和距离。
可选地，第一点云数据还包括：第一点云中每个位置点的采集时刻、RGB值、强度、每个位置点对应的回波的数量和每个位置点对应的回波编号中的至少一项。
可选地，从第二设备接收第一消息之前，该方法还包括：向第二设备发送数据请求，数据请求用于指示第二设备以第一频率发送第一消息。数据请求还用于指示第二设备以第二频率发送第二消息，第一频率小于第二频率。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种数据传输方法，应用于第二设备，该方法包括：生成第一消息，第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和回波，该回波与激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置；发送第一消息。
需要说明的是，第二设备可以是激光雷达，也可以是与激光雷达通信的设备，还可以是装配有激光雷达的设备。也就是说，激光雷达可以装配于第二设备中，或者激光雷达独立于第二设备。第二设备可以是路侧设备或终端设备。其中，路侧设备例如可以是路侧单元、多接入边缘计算或者传感器等装置，或者是这些装置内部的组件或者芯片，也可以是由RSU和MEC组成的系统级设备，或者是由RSU和传感器组成的系统级设备，还可以是由RSU、MEC和传感器组成的系统级设备。终端设备可以是车辆、车载单元(On Board Unit，OBU)、智能穿戴设备(例如，运动手环、手表等)或者便携移动设备(例如，手机、平板等)，也可以是上述设备中的组件或芯片，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
其中，回波与激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应是指：激光雷达发送的一个脉冲波碰到一个目标物可产生一个回波，换句话说，一个回波的产生是源于一个脉冲波的发送。可以理解， 当激光雷达发送的一个脉冲波碰到多个目标物时可产生多个回波，且这多个回波与激光雷达发送的同一个脉冲波对应。
上述方法中，第一消息指示了激光雷达接收的回波，回波能反映出目标物对脉冲波的散射能力强弱和目标物的辐射特性，第一消息还指示了激光雷达根据该回波生成的第一点云，对提高激光雷达的点云数据的精准度具有重要意义。
需要说明的是，下述有关第一消息、第二消息中各个信息的说明及有益效果具体可参考第一方面中第一消息中相应内容的叙述，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该方法还包括：发送第二消息，第二消息用于指示第二点云，第二消息包括第二点云数据，其中，第二点云数据用于指示第二点云的空间位置。
可选地，第一消息的发送频率为第一频率，第二消息的发送频率为第二频率，第一频率低于第二频率。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：回波波形数据包括发射脉冲波的水平角和垂直角。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形，包括：回波波形数据包括回波的波形采样值。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在空间中的第一探测方位，第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在空间中的第二探测方位；第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置，包括：第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，第一组点云的数据用于指示根据第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，第二组点云的数据用于指示根据第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置；回波波形数据和第一点云数据中还包括索引信息，索引信息用于指示第一回波波形数据与第一组点云的数据之间的第一对应关系，以及第二回波波形数据与第二组点云的数据之间的第二对应关系。
其中，索引信息可以是时间信息、空间信息或标识。
例如，索引信息为时间信息时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波的采集时刻或回波对应的脉冲波的发射时刻，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云中位置点的采集时刻。
例如，索引信息为空间信息时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波对应的脉冲波在空间中的探测方位或者回波对应的探测区域，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云的空间位置的分布范围，本申请不做具体限定。
例如，索引信息为标识时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波的编号或序号，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云的序号，或者点云中各个位置点的编号组成的序列号。
可选地，回波波形数据和第一点云数据可以承载于第一消息的数据体中。
可选地，第一消息还包括头部，头部包括用于根据回波的波形采样值恢复所述回波的波形真实值的参数。
可选地，该参数用于提供回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移，回波波形增益为回波的波形采样值与回波的波形真实值之间的乘法运算因子，回波波形偏移为回波的波形采样值与回波的波形真实值之间的加法运算因子。
可选地，第一消息中还包括第一空间信息，第一空间信息用于指示第一点云的空间位置属于第一空间区域。
可选地，第一空间信息承载于第一消息中的回波波形数据或者第一点云数据或头部中。
可选地，第二消息中还包括第二空间信息，第二空间信息用于指示第二点云的空间位置属于第二空间区域。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻。其中，脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻可以承载于第一消息的头部或者回波波形数据中。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示回波采集时刻，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形，包括：回波波形数据包括在回波采集时刻采集到的回波的波形采样值。其中，回波采集时刻可以承载于第一消息的头部或者回波波形数据中。
可选地，第一消息还用于提供时间比例因子和/时间偏移，其中，时间比例因子为回波的回波采集时刻与回波的真实采集时刻之间的乘法运算因子，时间偏移为回波的回波采集时刻与回波的真实采集时刻之间的加法运算因子。时间比例因子和/时间偏移可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示第二设备的类型、第二设备的标识、激光雷达的型号、激光雷达的标识、任意两个相邻的回波采集时刻之间的时间间隔和任意两个相邻的脉冲波采集时刻之间的时间间隔中的至少一项。需要说明的是，上述各个信息可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，在第二设备的类型为车端设备时，第一消息还用于指示第二设备的行驶速度和第二设备的航向角中的至少一项。第二设备的行驶速度和/或第二设备的航向角可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示第一消息的发送时刻、回波的波形采样值或脉冲波的波形采样值在第一消息中占据的比特数、回波的波形压缩方式和脉冲波的脉冲压缩方式中的至少一项。需要说明的是，上述各个信息可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置，包括：第一点云中每个位置点相对于激光雷达的水平角、垂直角和距离。
可选地，第一点云数据还包括：第一点云中每个位置点的采集时刻、RGB值、强度、每个位置点对应的回波的数量和每个位置点对应的回波编号中的至少一项。
可选地，生成第一消息之前，该方法还包括：从第一设备接收数据请求，数据请求用于指示第二设备以第一频率发送第一消息。数据请求还用于指示第二设备以第二频率发送第二消息，第一频率小于第二频率。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种数据处理装置，该装置包括：接收单元，用于从第二设备接收第一消息，第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和回波，该回波与激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置；处理单元，用于根据第一消息获取点云校正参数。
可选地，接收单元，还用于从第二设备接收第二消息，第二消息用于指示第二点云，第二消息包括第二点云数据，其中，第二点云数据用于指示第二点云的空间位置；根据点云校正参数和第二点云数据获取第三点云数据。
可选地，第一消息的发送频率为第一频率，第二消息的发送频率为第二频率，第一频率低于第二频率。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：回波波形数据包括发射脉冲波的水平角和垂直角。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形，包括：回波波形数据包括回波的波形采样值。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在空间中的第一探测方位，第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在空间中的第二探测方位；第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置，包括：第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，第一组点云的数据用于指示根据第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，第二组点云的数据用于指示根据第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置；回波波形数据和第一点云数据中还包括索引信息，该索引信息用于指示第一回波波形数据与第一组点云的数据之间的第一对应关系，以及第二回波波形数据与第二组点云的数据之间的第二对应关系。
其中，索引信息可以是时间信息、空间信息或标识。
例如，索引信息为时间信息时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波的采集时刻或回波对应的脉冲波的发射时刻，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云中位置点的采集时刻。
例如，索引信息为空间信息时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波对应的脉冲波在空间中的探测方位或者回波对应的探测区域，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云的空间位置的分布范围，本申请不做具体限定。
例如，索引信息为标识时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波的编号或序号，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云的序号，或者点云中各个位置点的编号组成的序列号。
可选地，回波波形数据和第一点云数据可以承载于第一消息的数据体中。
可选地，第一消息还包括头部，头部包括用于根据回波的波形采样值恢复所述回波的波形真实值的参数。
可选地，该参数用于提供回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移，回波波形增益为回波的波形采样值与回波的波形真实值之间的乘法运算因子，回波波形偏移为回波的波形采样值与回波的波形真实值之间的加法运算因子。
可选地，第一消息还包括第一空间信息，第一空间信息用于指示第一点云的空间位置属于第一空间区域。
可选地，第一空间信息承载于第一消息中的回波波形数据或者第一点云数据或头部中。
可选地，第二消息还包括第二空间信息，第二空间信息用于指示第二点云的空间位置属于第二空间区域。
可选地，若回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在所述空间中的第一探测方位，第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在所述空间中的第二探测方位；若第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云 的数据，第一组点云的数据用于指示根据第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，第二组点云的数据用于指示根据第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置。第一空间区域包括空间区域A和空间区域B，第一空间信息用于指示第一空间位置属于空间区域A以及第二空间位置属于空间区域B。
进一步可选地，处理单元，还用于根据第一空间信息确定第一回波波形数据的处理优先级高于第二回波波形数据的处理优先级，和/或第一组点云的数据的处理优先级高于第二组点云的数据的处理优先级。
或者进一步可选地，空间区域A为地面区域，空间区域B为空中区域。
或者进一步可选地，空间区域A为道路区域，空间区域B为非道路区域。
或者进一步可选地，空间区域A为高密度区域，空间区域B为低密度区域。
可选地，接收单元，还用于接收多个消息，该多个消息为第一消息、第二消息和第三消息中的至少两项，第三消息为从第三设备接收的用于指示第五点云的消息，第三消息包括第五点云数据，第五点云数据用于指示第五点云的空间位置，第三消息中还包括第三空间信息，第三空间信息用于指示第五点云的空间位置属于第三空间区域；根据上述多个消息中的多个空间信息，确定上述多个消息之间的处理优先级，其中，上述多个空间信息为第一空间信息、第二空间信息和第三空间信息中的至少两项。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻。其中，脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻可以承载于第一消息的头部或者回波波形数据中。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示回波采集时刻，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形，包括：回波波形数据包括在回波采集时刻采集到的回波的波形采样值。其中，回波采集时刻可以承载于第一消息的头部或者回波波形数据中。
可选地，第一消息还用于提供时间比例因子和/时间偏移，其中，时间比例因子为回波的回波采集时刻与回波的真实采集时刻之间的乘法运算因子，时间偏移为回波的回波采集时刻与回波的真实采集时刻之间的加法运算因子。时间比例因子和/时间偏移可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示第二设备的类型、第二设备的标识、激光雷达的型号、激光雷达的标识、任意两个相邻的回波采集时刻之间的时间间隔和任意两个相邻的脉冲波采集时刻之间的时间间隔中的至少一项。需要说明的是，上述各个信息可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，在第二设备的类型为车端设备时，第一消息还用于指示第二设备的行驶速度和第二设备的航向角中的至少一项。第二设备的行驶速度和/或第二设备的航向角可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，处理单元，具体用于：根据回波波形数据获取第四点云数据；根据第一点云数据和第四点云数据获取所述点云校正参数。
可选地，处理单元，具体用于：根据头部和回波波形数据获取第四点云数据；根据第一点云数据和第四点云数据获取所述点云校正参数。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示第一消息的发送时刻、回波的波形采样值或脉冲波的波形采样值在第一消息中占据的比特数、回波的波形压缩方式和脉冲波的脉冲压缩方式中的至少一项。需要说明的是，上述各个信息可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置，包括：第一点云中每个位置点相对于激光雷达的水平角、垂直角和距离。
可选地，第一点云数据还包括：第一点云中每个位置点的采集时刻、RGB值、强度、每个位置点对应的回波的数量和每个位置点对应的回波编号中的至少一项。
可选地，该装置还包括：发送单元，用于向第二设备发送数据请求，数据请求用于指示第二设备以第一频率发送第一消息。数据请求还用于指示第二设备以第二频率发送第二消息，第一频率小于第二频率。
第四方面，本申请提供了一种数据传输装置，该装置包括：生成单元，用于生成第一消息，第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和回波，该回波与激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置；发送单元，用于发送第一消息。
可选地，发送单元，还用于发送第二消息，第二消息用于指示第二点云，第二消息包括第二点云数据，其中，第二点云数据用于指示第二点云的空间位置。
可选地，第一消息的发送频率为第一频率，第二消息的发送频率为第二频率，第一频率低于第二频率。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：回波波形数据包括发射脉冲波的水平角和垂直角。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形，包括：回波波形数据包括回波的波形采样值。
可选地，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在空间中的第一探测方位，第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在空间中的第二探测方位；第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置，包括：第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，第一组点云的数据用于指示根据第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，第二组点云的数据用于指示根据第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置；回波波形数据和第一点云数据中还包括索引信息，索引信息用于指示第一回波波形数据与第一组点云的数据之间的第一对应关系，以及第二回波波形数据与第二组点云的数据之间的第二对应关系。
其中，索引信息可以是时间信息、空间信息或标识。
例如，索引信息为时间信息时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波的采集时刻或回波对应的脉冲波的发射时刻，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云中位置点的采集时刻。
例如，索引信息为空间信息时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波对应的脉冲波在空间中的探测方位或者回波对应的探测区域，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云的空间位置的分布范围，本申请不做具体限定。
例如，索引信息为标识时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波的编号或序号，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云的序号，或者点云中各个位置点的编号组成的序列号。
可选地，回波波形数据和第一点云数据可以承载于第一消息的数据体中。
可选地，第一消息还包括头部，头部包括用于根据回波的波形采样值恢复所述回波的波形真实值的参数。
可选地，该参数用于提供回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移，回波波形增益为回波的波形采样值与回波的波形真实值之间的乘法运算因子，回波波形偏移为回波的波形采样值与回波的波形真实值之间的加法运算因子。
可选地，第一消息中还包括第一空间信息，第一空间信息用于指示第一点云的空间位置属于第一空间区域。
可选地，第一空间信息承载于第一消息中的回波波形数据或者第一点云数据或头部中。
可选地，第二消息中还包括第二空间信息，第二空间信息用于指示第二点云的空间位置属于第二空间区域。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻。其中，脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻可以承载于第一消息的头部或者回波波形数据中。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示回波采集时刻，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形，包括：回波波形数据包括在回波采集时刻采集到的回波的波形采样值。其中，回波采集时刻可以承载于第一消息的头部或者回波波形数据中。
可选地，第一消息还用于提供时间比例因子和/时间偏移，其中，时间比例因子为回波的回波采集时刻与回波的真实采集时刻之间的乘法运算因子，时间偏移为回波的回波采集时刻与回波的真实采集时刻之间的加法运算因子。时间比例因子和/时间偏移可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示第二设备的类型、第二设备的标识、激光雷达的型号、激光雷达的标识、任意两个相邻的回波采集时刻之间的时间间隔和任意两个相邻的脉冲波采集时刻之间的时间间隔中的至少一项。需要说明的是，上述各个信息可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，在第二设备的类型为车端设备时，第一消息还用于指示第二设备的行驶速度和第二设备的航向角中的至少一项。第二设备的行驶速度和/或第二设备的航向角可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，第一消息还用于指示第一消息的发送时刻、回波的波形采样值或脉冲波的波形采样值在第一消息中占据的比特数、回波的波形压缩方式和脉冲波的脉冲压缩方式中的至少一项。需要说明的是，上述各个信息可以承载于第一消息的头部。
可选地，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置，包括：第一点云中每个位置点相对于激光雷达的水平角、垂直角和距离。
可选地，第一点云数据还包括：第一点云中每个位置点的采集时刻、RGB值、强度、每个位置点对应的回波的数量和每个位置点对应的回波编号中的至少一项。
可选地，该装置还包括：接收单元，用于从第一设备接收数据请求，数据请求用于指示第二设备以第一频率发送第一消息。数据请求还用于指示第二设备以第二频率发送第二消息，第一频率小于第二频率。
第五方面，本申请提供了一种数据处理装置，该装置包括处理器和存储器，其中，存储器用于存储程序指令；所述处理器调用所述存储器中的程序指令，使得装置执行第一方面或者第一方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法。
第六方面，本申请提供了一种数据传输装置，该装置包括处理器和存储器，其中，存储器用于存储程序指令；所述处理器调用所述存储器中的程序指令，使得装置执行第二方面或者第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法。
第七方面，本申请提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在被处理器运行时，实现上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法。
第八方面，本申请提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在被处理器运行时，实现上述第二方面或者第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，本申请提供了一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品被处理器执行时，实现上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一可能的实施例中的所述方法。该计算机程序产品，例如可以为一个软件安装包，在需要使用上述第一方面的任一种可能的设计提供的方法的情况下，可以下载该计算机程序产品并在处理器上执行该计算机程序产品，以实现第一方面或者第一方面的任一可能的实施例中的所述方法。
第十方面，本申请提供了一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品被处理器执行时，实现上述第二方面或者第二方面的任一可能的实施例中的所述方法。该计算机程序产品，例如可以为一个软件安装包，在需要使用上述第二方面的任一种可能的设计提供的方法的情况下，可以下载该计算机程序产品并在处理器上执行该计算机程序产品，以实现第二方面或者第二方面的任一可能的实施例中的所述方法。
第十一方面，本申请提供了一种通信系统，该系统包括第一设备和第二设备，其中，第一设备为上述第三或五方面的装置，或者为上述第三或五方面的任一可能的实现方式的装置；第二设备为上述第四或六方面的装置，或者为上述第四或六方面的任一可能的实现方式的装置。
第十二方面，本申请提供了一种计算机集群，该计算机集群包括至少一个计算设备，计算设备用于执行上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一可能的实施例中的所述方法。
第十三方面，本申请提供了一种车辆，该车辆包括如上述第三或五方面的数据处理装置，或者包括如上述第三或五方面的任一可能的实现方式的数据处理装置，或者包括如上述第四或六方面的数据传输装置，或者包括如上述第四或六方面的任一可能的实现方式的数据传输装置。
附图说明
图1是一种激光雷达发射的脉冲波的角度示意图；
图2是一种激光雷达的波形示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种数据处理方法的流程图；
图5A是本申请实施例提供的一种第一消息的示意图；
图5B是本申请实施例提供的一种第一消息的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的又一种第一消息的示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的又一种第一消息的示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种消息的发送频率示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种数据处理装置的功能结构示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的功能结构示意图；
图11是本申请本实施例提供的一种装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，本申请中采用诸如“第一”、“第二”的前缀词，仅仅为了区分不同的描述对象，对被描述对象的位置、顺序、优先级、数量或内容等没有任何限定作用。例如，被描述对象为“字段”，则“第一字段”和“第二字段”中“字段”之前的序数词并不限制“字段”之间的位置或顺序，“第一”和“第二”并不限制其修饰的“字段”是否在同一个消息中，也不限制“第一字段”和“第二字段”的先后顺序。再如，被描述对象为“等级”，则“第一等级”和“第二等级”中“等级”之前的序数词并不限制“等级”之间的优先级。再如，被描述对象的数量并不受前缀词的限制，可以是一个或者多个，以“第一设备”为例，其中“设备”的数量可以是一个或者多个。此外，不同前缀词修饰的对象可以相同或不同，例如，被描述对象为“设备”，则“第一设备”和“第二设备”可以是同一个设备、相同类型的设备或者不同类型的设备；再如，被描述对象为“信息”，则“第一信息”和“第二信息”可以是相同内容的信息或者不同内容的信息。总之，本申请实施例中对用于区分描述对象的前缀词的使用不构成对所描述对象的限制，对所描述对象的陈述参见权利要求或实施例中上下文的描述，不应因为使用这种前缀词而构成多余的限制。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中采用诸如“a1、a2、……和an中的至少一项(或至少一个)”等的描述方式，包括了a1、a2、……和an中任意一个单独存在的情况，也包括了a1、a2、……和an中任意多个的任意组合情况，每种情况可以单独存在。例如，“a、b和c中的至少一项”的描述方式，包括了单独a、单独b、单独c、a和b组合、a和c组合、b和c组合，或abc三者组合的情况。
为了便于理解，下面先对本申请实施例可能涉及的相关术语等进行介绍。
激光雷达(Laser Radar)，也可以称作激光探测及测距(Light Detection and Ranging，LiDAR，或者Laser Detection and Ranging，LADAR)。激光雷达是指以激光为工作光束的雷达。一般地，激光雷达包括激光器和接收器，以激光作为信号源，激光器产生并发射一束脉冲波，打在目标物(例如，树木、道路、桥梁和建筑物等)上并反射回来，反射回来的脉冲信号可以称作回波，最终被接收器所接收。根据激光测距原理计算，可以计算得到从激光雷达到目标点的距离。激光脉冲不断地扫描目标物，就可以得到目标物上多处位置点的数据，用此数据进行成像处理后，就可得到关于目标物的三维立体图像。
可以基于三位空间的坐标系描述脉冲波在三维空间中的发射角度，本申请实施例对坐标系的具体形式不做限定，例如，可以采用世界坐标系、WGS-84经纬坐标系或UTM坐标系等全局坐标系，也可以采用激光雷达坐标系或车体坐标系等局部坐标系。图1以采用车体坐标系为例，示意了激光雷达发射的脉冲波在三维空间中发射角度的表达方式。在图1中，o-xyz是车体坐标系，其中x轴为车辆行驶方向，或者说车头朝向，z轴为与车辆行驶的路面垂直且朝上的方向，y轴为站立于车辆行驶路面且面向车辆行驶方向时的左手方向。激光雷达发射出一束脉冲波，即为图1中深色的射线，该束脉冲波在平面xoy上的投影与该束脉冲波之间的夹角θ称作该束脉冲波的垂直角，该束脉冲波在平面xoy上的投影与x轴之间的夹角
Figure PCTCN2022120520-appb-000001
称作该束脉冲波的水平角，脉冲波的水平角和脉冲波的垂直角用来表示该脉冲波在空间中的探测方位。
参见图2，图2是一种激光雷达的波形示意图。其中，激光雷达按照预设时间间隔向探测区域发射预设垂直角度的脉冲波，探测区域的目标物有车辆、行人和标牌，激光雷达发射的脉冲波打到车辆、行人和标牌上。参见图2，激光雷达发射一个脉冲波1，根据图2所示的各个目标物与激光雷达之间的距离，可知该脉冲波1依次打到车辆、行人和标牌上。相应地，脉冲波1打到车辆、行人和标牌后马上被反射，激光雷达依次接收车辆对应的回波1、行人对应的回波2和标牌对应的回波3。
激光雷达对接收到的回波按照采样间隔进行采样获得的多个波形采样值可组成该回波的采样波形。参见图2所示的波形，最左边的为激光雷达发射的脉冲波1的采样波形，脉冲波1的采样波形的右边依次示出了车辆对应的回波1的采样波形、行人对应的回波2的采样波形和标牌对应的回波3的采样波形，其中，无论对于脉冲波的采样波形还是回波的采样波形，任意相邻两个采样时刻之间的间隔称之为采样间隔。另外，从回波的采样波形中可以提取出脉冲波在目标物上形成的数据点(或称为位置点)。
需要说明的是，回波记录了目标物与发射的激光脉冲作用后的后向散射回波信息，其能反映出目标物对脉冲波的散射能力强弱和目标物的辐射特性信息。回波对于获取高精度的点云具有重要意义。
传统激光雷达提供的点云数据存在精准度低、结构性差等缺陷，无法满足未来应用需求。针对上述问题，本申请实施例提出一种数据处理、传输方法，基于该方法不仅可以提高激光雷达的点云数据的精准度，还能有效减小网络带宽的传输压力，提高数据的处理效率。
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
参见图3，图3是本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的架构示意图。该系统可用于提高激光雷达的点云数据的精准度。在图3中，该系统包括路侧设备、终端设备和网络侧设备中的至少两者，其中，路侧设备与终端设备之间可以通过无线的方式进行通信，路侧设备、终端设备可以分别与网络侧设备通过无线的方法进行通信。在一些可能的实施例中，路侧设备之间、终端设备之间也可以通过无线的方法进行通信。
其中，路侧设备上可以安装有激光雷达，或者，路侧设备可以与激光雷达以有线连接的方式进行通信。示例性地，路侧设备用于向网络侧设备或终端设备发送采集的回波和根据该回波生成的点云。路侧设备例如可以是路侧单元(Road Side Unit，RSU)、多接入边缘计算(Multi-Access Edge Computing，MEC)或者传感器等装置，或者是这些装置内部的组件或者芯片，也可以是由RSU和MEC组成的系统级设备，或者是由RSU和传感器组成的系统级设备，还可以是由RSU、MEC和传感器组成的系统级设备。
终端设备上安装有激光雷达。终端设备用于向网络侧设备或路侧设备发送激光雷达采集的回波和激光雷达根据该回波生成的点云。终端设备可以是车辆、车载单元(On Board Unit，OBU)、智能穿戴设备(例如，运动手环、手表等)或者便携移动设备(例如，手机、平板等)，也可以是上述设备中的组件或芯片，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
网络侧设备用于接收路侧设备或终端设备发送的激光雷达数据，例如，回波波形数据和点云数据，以及根据激光雷达数据获得点云校正参数。网络侧设备还用于根据点云校正参数对路侧设备或终端设备后续发送的点云数据进行校正。网络侧设备例如可以是部署在网络侧的服务器(例如应用服务器或地图服务器)，或者为该服务器中的组件或者芯片。网络侧设备 可以部署在云环境或者边缘环境中，网络侧设备可以是集成的一个设备，也可以是分布式的多个设备，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
需要说明的是，上述各系统中，路侧设备之间、终端设备之间、网络侧设备与路侧设备或终端设备之间的通信可使用蜂窝通信技术，例如2G蜂窝通信，例如全球移动通信系统(global system for mobile communication，GSM)、通用分组无线业务(general packet radio service，GPRS)；或者3G蜂窝通信，例如宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)、时分同步码分多址接入(time division-synchronous code division multiple access，TS-SCDMA)、码分多址接入(code division multiple access，CDMA)，或者4G蜂窝通信，例如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)、LTE-车联网无线通信技术(Vehicle to Everything，V2X)PC5通信，或者5G蜂窝通信，例如新空口(New Radio，NR)-V2X PC5通信，或者其他演进的蜂窝通信技术。无线通信系统也可利用非蜂窝通信技术，如Wi-Fi与无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)通信。在一些实施例中，上述设备之间通信还可利用红外链路、蓝牙或ZigBee进行直接通信。在一些实施例中，上述设备之间通信还可以采用其他无线协议，例如各种车辆通信系统，例如，系统中可包括一个或多个专用短程通信(dedicated short range communications，DSRC)设备，这些设备可包括车辆和/或路边台站之间的公共和/或私有数据通信，本申请不做具体限定。
需要说明的是，图3仅为示例性架构图，但不限定图3所示系统包括的网元的数量。虽然图3未示出，但除图3所示的功能实体外，图3还可以包括其他功能实体。另外，本申请实施例提供的方法可以应用于图3所示的通信系统，当然本申请实施例提供的方法也可以适用其他通信系统，本申请实施例对此不予限制。
参见图4，图4是本申请实施例提供的一种数据处理方法的流程图。该方法应用于第一设备和第二设备组成的通信系统。该方法包括但不限于以下步骤：
S101：第二设备向第一设备发送第一消息。
一具体实施中，第一消息可以是第二设备自发向第一设备发送的。
一具体实施中，在执行S101前，作为一个可选步骤，先执行S100：第一设备向第二设备发送数据请求，相应地，第二设备从第一设备接收到该数据请求后，基于该数据请求向第一设备发送第一消息。
在本申请实施例中，第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和回波，该回波与激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置。
其中，回波与激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应是指：激光雷达发送的一个脉冲波碰到一个目标物可产生一个回波，换句话说，一个回波的产生是源于一个脉冲波的发送。可以理解，当激光雷达发送的一个脉冲波碰到多个目标物时可产生多个回波，且回波的数量与该脉冲波碰到的目标物的数量相同，在此情况下，多个回波与激光雷达发送的同一个脉冲波对应。例如，参见图2，激光雷达发送的脉冲波1依次碰到车辆、行人和标牌，相应地，激光雷达依次接收到车辆对应的回波1、行人对应的回波2和标牌对应的回波3，其中，回波1、回波2和回波3分别与脉冲波1对应。
在本申请实施例中，回波波形数据用于指示脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，可以是：回波波形数据包括发射脉冲波的水平角和垂直角。有关水平角、垂直角具体可参考图1的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形，可以是：回波波形数据包括回波的波形采样值。
在本申请实施例中，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置，可以是：第一点云数据包括第一点云中每个位置点相对于激光雷达的水平角、垂直角和距离。
在本申请实施例中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在空间中的第一探测方位，第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在空间中的第二探测方位；第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置，包括：第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，第一组点云的数据用于指示根据第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，第二组点云的数据用于指示根据第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置；回波波形数据和第一点云数据中还包括索引信息，该索引信息用于指示第一回波波形数据与第一组点云的数据之间的第一对应关系，以及第二回波波形数据与第二组点云的数据之间的第二对应关系。
其中，索引信息可以是时间信息、空间信息或标识。
例如，索引信息为时间信息时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波的采集时刻或回波对应的脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云中位置点的采集时刻。
例如，索引信息为空间信息时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波对应的脉冲波在空间中的探测方位或者回波对应的探测区域，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云的空间位置的分布范围，本申请不做具体限定。
例如，索引信息为标识时，回波波形数据中的索引信息可以是回波的编号或序号，第一点云数据中的索引信息可以是点云的序号，或者点云中各个位置点的编号组成的序列号。
参见图5A，图5A是本申请实施例提供的一种第一消息的示意图。在图5A中，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，具体地，回波波形数据包括以下信息：回波的波形采样值、发射脉冲波的水平角和垂直角。需要说明的是，脉冲波发送的角度不限于用水平角和垂直角的方式表示，还可以选用其他的用于指示空间方位的参数。由图5A可以看出，脉冲波的数量可以是多个，一个脉冲波对应至少一个回波。以图5A中的回波1为例，回波1的波形采样值包括采样值1，采样值2，…，采样值k。第一点云数据包括每个位置点相对于激光雷达的水平角、垂直角和距离。
参见图5B，图5B是本申请实施例提供的又一种第一消息的示意图。相较于图5A所示的第一消息，第一消息的第一点云数据还可以表示为图5B所示形式。在图5B中，可选地，第一点云数据包括多组点云数据，每组点云数据包括多个位置点中每个位置点相较于激光雷达的水平角、垂直角和距离。另外，第一点云数据中还包括索引信息，且该索引信息为标识，例如，索引信息指示回波1与第一组点云的数据对应，回波m与第p组点云的数据对应。回波波形数据中也包括索引信息，例如，该索引信息指示脉冲波1与回波1对应，该索引信息 还指示脉冲波n与回波m对应。有关图5B中其他信息具体可参考图5A中相应信息的说明，在此不再赘述。
一具体实施中，回波波形数据和第一点云数据可以承载于第一消息的数据体中。
在本申请实施例中，第一消息还包括头部，头部包括用于恢复回波的波形真实值的参数。该参数用于提供回波波形增益和回波波形偏移中的至少一项，其中，回波波形增益为回波的波形采样值与回波的波形真实值之间的乘法运算因子，回波波形偏移为回波的波形采样值与回波的波形真实值之间的加法运算因子。
其中，当该参数仅提供回波波形增益时，则基于回波波形增益对回波的波形采样值作乘法运算以获得回波的波形真实值；当该参数仅提供回波波形偏移时，则基于回波波形偏移对回波的波形采样值作加法运算以获得回波的波形真实值；当该参数提供回波波形增益和回波波形偏移时，则既基于回波波形增益对回波的波形采样值作乘法运算又基于回波波形偏移对回波的波形采样值作加法运算，本申请实施例并不限定回波波形增益或回波波形偏移用于一个固定的运算过程。可以理解，回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移有效减少了回波的波形采样值占据的存储空间，减少了第一消息承载的数据量。
在本申请实施例中，第一消息还包括第一空间信息，第一空间信息用于指示第一点云的空间位置属于第一空间区域。其中，第一空间信息可以承载于第一消息的回波波形数据或者第一点云数据或头部中。
示例性地，第一空间区域可以是地面区域或非地面区域。第一空间区域也可以是道路区域或非道路区域，第一空间区域还可以是高密度区域或低密度区域。在一些可能的实施例中，第一空间区域也可以是上述多个区域的组合，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
在本申请实施例中，第一消息还用于指示脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻。其中，脉冲发射时刻可以承载于第一消息的头部或回波波形数据中。
在本申请实施例中，第一消息还用于指示回波采集时刻，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形，可以是：回波波形数据包括在回波采集时刻采集到的回波的波形采样值。其中，回波采集时刻可以承载于第一消息的头部或者回波波形数据中。
需要说明的是，脉冲发射时刻或回波采集时刻可以以绝对时刻进行表示，也可以基于基准时刻和偏移量进行表示，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
参见图6，图6是本申请实施例提供的又一种第一消息的示意图。相较于图5A所示的第一消息，图6所示的第一消息除了包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据外，还包括头部，可选地，头部承载了回波波形增益、回波波形偏移和第一空间信息，第一空间信息用于指示第一点云的空间位置属于第一空间区域。且图6所示的第一消息的回波波形数据中还包括脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻以及回波采集时刻，例如，回波1的回波采集时刻包括时刻m1，时刻m2，…，时刻mk，而回波1的波形采样值包括采样值1，采样值2，…，采样值k，其中，采样值1与时刻m1对应，采样值2与时刻m2对应，采样值k与时刻mk对应。有关图6中其他信息具体可参考图5A中相应信息的说明，在此不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，第一消息还用于提供时间比例因子和/时间偏移，其中，时间比例因子为回波的回波采集时刻与回波的真实采集时刻之间的乘法运算因子，时间偏移为回波的回波采集时刻与回波的真实采集时刻之间的加法运算因子。时间比例因子和/时间偏移可以承载于第一消息的头部。
其中，时间比例因子和/时间偏移可用于恢复回波的真实采集时刻。当第一消息仅提供两者中的时间比例因子时，基于时间比例因子对回波采集时刻作乘法运算以获得回波的真实采集时刻；当第一消息仅提供两者中的时间偏移时，则基于时间偏移对回波采集时刻作加法运算以获得回波的真实采集时刻；当第一消息提供时间比例因子和时间偏移时，则既基于时间比例因子对回波采集时刻作乘法运算又基于时间偏移对回波采集时刻作加法运算，本申请实施例并不限定回波波形增益或回波波形偏移用于一个固定的运算过程。可以理解，时间比例因子和/时间偏移有效减少了存储回波采集时刻所需的存储空间，减少了第一消息的数据量。
在本申请实施例中，第一消息还可选地用于指示第二设备的类型、第二设备的标识、激光雷达的型号、激光雷达的标识、任意两个相邻的回波采集时刻之间的时间间隔和任意两个相邻的脉冲波采集时刻之间的时间间隔中的至少一项。需要说明的是，上述各个信息可以承载于第一消息的头部。
示例性地，第二设备是可以是路侧设备或终端设备，第一设备基于第二设备的类型可以区分第一消息的来源。
示例性地，在第二设备为车辆(其属于终端设备)，第二设备的标识可以是车辆的车辆识别码(Vehicle Identification Number，Vin)；在第二设备为RSU时，第二设备的标识可以是RSU的设备编号。
在本申请实施例中，在第二设备的类型为车端设备(例如，车辆、OBU等)时，第一消息还用于指示第二设备的行驶速度和第二设备的航向角中的至少一项。第二设备的行驶速度和/或第二设备的航向角可以承载于第一消息的头部。
在本申请实施例中，第一消息还用于指示第一消息的发送时刻、回波的波形采样值或脉冲波的波形采样值在第一消息中占据的比特数、回波的波形压缩方式和脉冲波的脉冲压缩方式中的至少一项。需要说明的是，上述各个信息可以承载于第一消息的头部。
需要说明的是，波形压缩方式能够减少存储回波的采样波形所需的存储空间。
在本申请实施例中，第一点云数据还包括：第一点云中每个位置点的采集时刻、RGB值、强度、每个位置点对应的回波的数量和每个位置点对应的回波编号中的至少一项。
以图2为例说明点云中位置点对应的回波的数量和位置点对应的回波编号，假设从回波的采样波形中提取出三个位置点，分别为车辆对应的位置点1、行人对应的位置点2和标牌对应的位置点3，若这三个位点均属于第一点云中，由于这三个位置点均与脉冲波1对应，而脉冲波1与三个回波对应，故位置点1对应的回波的数量、位置点2对应的回波的数量以及位置点3对应的回波的数量均为3。另外，位置点1对应的回波编号为1，位置点2对应的回波编号为2，位置点3对应的回波编号为3。
参见图7，图7是本申请实施例提供的又一种第一消息的示意图。相较于图6所示的第一消息，可选地，图7所示的第一消息的头部还承载了时间比例因子、设备类型、设备标识、采样时间间隔和激光雷达型号，其中，设备类型即为上述第二设备的类型，设备标识即为上述第二设备的标识，采样时间间隔可以是上述任意两个相邻的回波采集时刻之间的时间间隔和/或任意两个相邻的脉冲波采集时刻之间的时间间隔。另外，图7所示的第一消息中的第一点云数据还包括每个位置点的强度和每个位置点的RGB值。需要说明的是，有关图7中其他信息具体可参考图6中相应信息的说明，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，上述图5A、图5B、图6和图7所示的第一消息只是示例，第一消息还 可以是满足上述描述的其他形式，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
S102：第一设备根据第一消息获得点云校正参数。
在本申请实施例中，第一设备根据第一消息获得点云校正参数，具体为：第一设备根据回波波形数据获取第四点云数据；根据第一点云数据和第四点云数据获得点云校正参数。
其中，上述第一点云数据为激光雷达使用第一处理方式生成的，例如，第一处理方式可以是厂商提供的阈值法，而第四点云数据为第一设备使用第二处理方式从回波波形数据中提取的。相较于激光雷达生成第一点云数据所使用的第一处理方式，第二处理方式的精度更高且对设备的计算力要求更高。第二处理方式可以是期望最大化(Expectation-Maximization，EM)算法、非线性最小二乘高斯分解算法等，在此不作具体限定。
一具体实施中，第四点云数据相较于第一点云数据，第四点云数据指示的点云更稠密、结构性更好、位置点的数量也更多。
示例性地，从回波波形数据获取第四点云数据后，根据第一点云数据中每个位置点的采集时刻确定第一点云数据中每个位置点对应的第四点云数据中的位置点，根据第一点云数据中的各个位置点与各个位置点对应的第四点云数据中的位置点之间的差异获得点云校正参数。
一具体实施中，第一设备根据回波波形数据获取第四点云数据，可以是：第一设备根据头部和回波波形数据获取第四点云数据。具体地，头部包括回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移，使用回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移对回波波形数据进行处理，根据处理后的回波波形数据获取第四点云数据。
一具体实施中，回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在所述空间中的第一探测方位，第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在所述空间中的第二探测方位。第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，第一组点云的数据用于指示根据第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，第二组点云的数据用于指示根据第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置。由于还包括第一空间信息，第一空间信息用于指示第一点云的空间位置属于第一空间区域，其中，第一空间区域包括空间区域A和空间区域B，第一空间信息用于指示第一空间位置属于空间区域A以及第二空间位置属于空间区域B，在此情况下，第一设备还可以根据第一空间信息确定第一回波波形数据的处理优先级高于第二回波波形数据的处理优先级，和/或第一组点云的数据的处理优先级高于第二组点云的数据的处理优先级。
也就是说，空间区域A对应的数据的处理优先级高于空间区域A对应的数据的处理优先级，其中，空间区域A和空间区域B可以满足以下任意一种：空间区域A为地面区域，空间区域B为空中区域；空间区域A为道路区域，空间区域B为非道路区域；或空间区域A为高密度区域，空间区域B为低密度区域。关于空间区域对应的数据优先级的设置还可以是其他形式，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
在一些可能的实施例中，在网络带宽有限制的情况下，第一消息指示的第一空间区域可以是较高处理优先级对应的区域，也就是说，第二设备通过第一消息优先上传在较高处理优先级的区域内接收到的回波以及根据该回波生成的第一点云，如此，可以减轻网络带宽的传输压力。
可以看出，第一消息可以用于指示第一点云属于多个的不同空间区域，而不同的空间区 域对应的处理优先级不同，第一设备可以根据第一消息中多个空间区域的处理优先级，优先对具有较高处理优先级的空间区域对应的数据进行处理，提高了数据的处理效率。
S103：第二设备向第一设备发送第二消息。
在本申请实施例中，第二消息用于指示第二点云，第二消息包括第二点云数据。
在本申请实施例中，第一消息的发送频率为第一频率，第二消息的发送频率为第二频率，第一频率低于第二频率。也就是说，在同一时间段内，第一消息的发送次数少于第二消息的发送次数。
可以理解，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，第二消息包括第二点云数据，可以看出，第一消息承载的数据量大于第二消息承载的数据量，因此，以较低的频率发送第一消息，以较高的频率发送第二消息，能有效降低网络带宽的传输压力。
参见图8，图8是本申请实施例提供的一种消息的发送频率示意图。在图8中，六角星表示第一消息，圆形表示第二消息，可以看出，在预设周期内，第一消息仅发送一次，第二消息发送了两次。具体地，在第一个周期中，第二设备于t0时刻发送的第一消息包括回波波形数据1和点云数据1，于t1时刻发送的第二消息包括点云数据2，于t2时刻发送的第二消息包括点云数据3，其中，点云数据1、点云数据2和点云数据3中任意两者都不同，但点云数据1、点云数据2和点云数据3为激光雷达采用第一处理方式从不同的回波波形数据中分别提取的。同理，在第二个周期中，第二设备于t3时刻发送的第一消息包括回波波形数据2和点云数据4，于t4时刻发送的第二消息包括点云数据5，于t5时刻发送的第二消息包括点云数据6。
在一些可能的实施例中，第二消息还包括第二空间信息，第二空间信息用于指示第二点云的空间位置属于第二空间区域。
S104：第一设备使用点云校正参数和第二点云数据获取第三点云数据。
一具体实施中，若点云校正参数的数量为一个，使用点云校正参数和第二点云数据获取第三点云数据，可以是：使用点云校正参数对第二点云数据中的每个位置点进行校正，从而获取第三点云数据。
另一具体实施中，若点云校正参数的数量为多个，使用点云校正参数和第二点云数据获取第三点云数据，可以是：确定第二点云数据中每个位置点对应的点云校正参数，使用每个位置点对应的点云校正参数对该位置点进行校正，从而获取第三点云数据。
示例性地，点云校正参数与空间区域之间具有映射关系，可以根据第二点云数据中位置点所属的空间区域以及空间区域与点云校正参数之间的映射关系，确定第二点云数据中每个位置点对应的点云校正参数。
例如，在图8中，第一设备在t0时刻从接收的第一消息中获取到回波波形数据1和点云数据1，可以根据回波波形数据1和点云数据1获得点云校正参数1；当第一设备在t1时刻从第二消息中获取到点云数据2时，使用点云校正参数1对点云数据2进行校正以提高点云数据2的精准度；当第一设备在t2时刻从第二消息中获取到点云数据3时，使用点云校正参数1对点云数据3进行校正以提高点云数据3的精准度。第一设备在t3时刻从接收的第一消息中获取到回波波形数据2和点云数据4，可以根据回波波形数据2和点云数据4获得点云校正参数2；当第一设备在t4时刻从第二消息中获取到点云数据5时，使用点云校正参数2对点云数据5进行校正以提高点云数据5的精准度；当第一设备在t5时刻从第二消息中获取 到点云数据6时，使用点云校正参数2对点云数据6进行校正以提高点云数据6的精准度。
在一些可能的实施例中，第一设备接收多个消息，该多个消息为第一消息、第二消息和第三消息中的至少两项，第三消息为从第三设备接收的用于指示第五点云的消息，第三消息包括第五点云数据，第五点云数据用于指示第五点云的空间位置，第三消息中还包括第三空间信息，第三空间信息用于指示第五点云的空间位置属于第三空间区域；在此情况下，第一设备还可以根据上述多个消息中的多个空间信息，确定上述多个消息之间的处理优先级。其中，上述多个空间信息为第一空间信息、第二空间信息和第三空间信息中的至少两项。需要说明的是，消息的处理优先级取决于空间区域对应的处理优先级，空间区域对应的数据优先级具体可参考上述S102的相关叙述，在此不再赘述。
由此可以看出，不同的空间信息对应的处理优先级不同，第一设备可以根据多个消息中的空间信息，优先对具有较高处理优先级的消息进行处理，可以提高消息的处理效率。
可以看到，实施本申请实施例，通过第一消息获取回波波形数据和第一点云数据，并根据第一消息获取点云校正参数。本申请可以实现在接收到第二设备发送的第二消息后，根据点云校正参数对第二消息指示的第二点云进行校正，由此提高激光雷达的点云数据的精准度。另外，第一消息的发送频率低于第二消息的发送频率，由于第一消息承载的数据量大于第二消息承载的数据量，由此在提高激光雷达的点云数据的精准度的同时还能减小网络带宽的传输压力。
参见图9，图9是本申请实施例提供的一种数据处理装置的功能结构示意图，数据处理装置30包括接收单元310和处理单元312。该数据处理装置30可以通过硬件、软件或者软硬件结合的方式来实现。
其中，接收单元310，用于从第二设备接收第一消息，第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和回波，该回波与激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置；处理单元312，用于根据第一消息获取点云校正参数。
在一些可能的实施例中，数据处理装置30还包括发送单元314，发送单元314用于向第二设备发送数据请求。
该数据处理装置30的各功能模块可用于实现图4实施例所描述的第一设备侧的方法。在图4实施例中，接收单元310和处理单元312可用于执行S103，发送单元314可用于执行S101。
以上图9所示实施例中的各个单元的只一个或多个可以软件、硬件、固件或其结合实现。所述软件或固件包括但不限于计算机程序指令或代码，并可以被硬件处理器所执行。所述硬件包括但不限于各类集成电路，如中央处理单元(CPU，Central Processing Unit)、数字信号处理器(DSP，Digital Signal Processor)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA，Field Programmable Gate Array)或专用集成电路(ASIC，Application Specific Integrated Circuit)。
参见图10，图10是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的功能结构示意图，数据传输装置40包括生成单元410和发送单元412。该数据传输装置40可以通过硬件、软件或者软硬件结合的方式来实现。
其中，生成单元410，用于生成第一消息，第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和回波，该回波与激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置；发送单元412，用于发送第一消息。
在一些可能的实施例中，数据传输装置40还包括接收单元414，接收单元414用于从第一设备接收数据请求。
该数据传输装置40的各功能模块可用于实现图4实施例所描述的第二设备侧的方法。在图4实施例中，生成单元410和发送单元412可用于执行S102，接收单元414可用于执行S101。
以上图10所示实施例中的各个单元的只一个或多个可以软件、硬件、固件或其结合实现。所述软件或固件包括但不限于计算机程序指令或代码，并可以被硬件处理器所执行。所述硬件包括但不限于各类集成电路，如中央处理单元(CPU，Central Processing Unit)、数字信号处理器(DSP，Digital Signal Processor)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA，Field Programmable Gate Array)或专用集成电路(ASIC，Application Specific Integrated Circuit)。
本申请实施例还提供一种装置。如图11所示，装置50包括：处理器501、通信接口502、存储器503和总线504。处理器501、存储器503和通信接口502之间通过总线504通信。装置50可以是服务器或装置。应理解，本申请不限定装置50中的处理器、存储器的个数。
在一种可能的设计中，装置50可以是上述图4实施例中的第一设备，第一设备可以是网络侧设备、路侧设备或终端设备。其中，网络侧设备例如可以是部署在网络侧的服务器(例如应用服务器或地图服务器)，或者为该服务器中的组件或者芯片。网络侧设备可以部署在云环境或者边缘环境中，本申请实施例不做具体限定。路侧设备例如可以是路侧单元(Road Side Unit，RSU)、多接入边缘计算(Multi-Access Edge Computing，MEC)或者传感器等装置，或者是这些装置内部的组件或者芯片，也可以是由RSU和MEC组成的系统级设备，或者是由RSU和传感器组成的系统级设备，还可以是由RSU、MEC和传感器组成的系统级设备。终端设备可以是车辆、OBU、智能穿戴设备(例如，运动手环、手表等)、便携移动设备(例如，手机、平板等)、便携移动设备的部件、芯片等可以与网络侧设备通信的其他传感器或设备，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
在另一种可能的设计中，装置50可以是上述图4实施例中的第二设备，第二设备可以是激光雷达，也可以是与激光雷达通信的设备，还可以是装配有激光雷达的设备。也就是说，激光雷达可以装配于第二设备中，或者激光雷达独立于第二设备。第二设备可以是路侧设备或终端设备。其中，路侧设备例如可以是路侧单元、多接入边缘计算或者传感器等装置，或者是这些装置内部的组件或者芯片，也可以是由RSU和MEC组成的系统级设备，或者是由RSU和传感器组成的系统级设备，还可以是由RSU、MEC和传感器组成的系统级设备。终端设备可以是车辆、车载单元(On Board Unit，OBU)、智能穿戴设备(例如，运动手环、手表等)或者便携移动设备(例如，手机、平板等)，也可以是上述设备中的组件或芯片，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
总线504可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，EISA)总线等。总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图11中仅用一条线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总 线或一种类型的总线。总线504可包括在装置50各个部件(例如，存储器503、处理器501、通信接口502)之间传送信息的通路。
处理器501可以包括中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、微处理器(micro processor，MP)或者数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)等处理器中的任意一种或多种。
存储器503用于提供存储空间，存储空间中可以存储操作系统和计算机程序等数据。存储器503可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable programmable read only memory，EPROM)、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)，或便携式只读存储器(compact disc read memory，CD-ROM)等中的一种或者多种的组合。存储器503可以单独存在，也可以集成于处理器501内部。
通信接口502可用于为处理器501提供信息输入或输出。或者可替换的，该通信接口502可用于接收外部发送的数据和/或向外部发送数据，可以为包括诸如以太网电缆等的有线链路接口，也可以是无线链路(如Wi-Fi、蓝牙、通用无线传输等)接口。或者可替换的，通信接口502还可以包括与接口耦合的发射器(如射频发射器、天线等)，或者接收器等。
该装置50中的处理器501用于读取存储器503中存储的计算机程序，用于执行前述的数据传输方法，例如图4所描述的第一设备侧的方法。
在一种可能的设计方式中，装置50可为第一设备中的一个或多个模块，该处理器501可用于读取存储器中存储的一个或多个计算机程序，用于执行以下操作：
通过接收单元310从第二设备接收第一消息，第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和回波，该回波与激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置；
根据第一消息获取点云校正参数。
该装置50中的处理器501用于读取存储器503中存储的计算机程序，用于执行前述的数据传输方法，例如图4所描述的第二设备侧的方法。
在一种可能的设计方式中，装置50可为第二设备自中的一个或多个模块，该处理器501可用于读取存储器中存储的一个或多个计算机程序，用于执行以下操作：
生成第一消息，第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和回波，该回波与激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，回波波形数据用于指示回波的采样波形和脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，第一点云数据用于指示第一点云的空间位置；
通过发送单元412发送第一消息。
本申请实施例还提供了一种车辆，该车辆包括上述数据处理装置30或数据传输装置40。一具体实施中，在该车辆包括数据处理装置30时，该车辆可用于执行上述图4所描述的第一设备侧的方法。另一具体实施中，在该车辆包括数据传输装置40时，该车辆可用于执行上述图4所描述的第二设备侧的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统包括第一设备和第二设备。该系统用于执行本申请上文各实施例所描述的方法。
第一设备可以是网络侧设备、路侧设备或终端设备。其中，网络侧设备例如可以是部署 在网络侧的服务器(例如应用服务器或地图服务器)，或者为该服务器中的组件或者芯片。网络侧设备可以部署在云环境或者边缘环境中，本申请实施例不做具体限定。路侧设备例如可以是路侧单元(Road Side Unit，RSU)、多接入边缘计算(Multi-Access Edge Computing，MEC)或者传感器等装置，或者是这些装置内部的组件或者芯片，也可以是由RSU和MEC组成的系统级设备，或者是由RSU和传感器组成的系统级设备，还可以是由RSU、MEC和传感器组成的系统级设备。终端设备可以是车辆、OBU、智能穿戴设备(例如，运动手环、手表等)、便携移动设备(例如，手机、平板等)、便携移动设备的部件、芯片等可以与网络侧设备通信的其他传感器或设备，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
第二设备可以是激光雷达，也可以是与激光雷达通信的设备，还可以是装配有激光雷达的设备。也就是说，激光雷达可以装配于第二设备中，或者激光雷达独立于第二设备。第二设备可以是路侧设备或终端设备。其中，路侧设备例如可以是路侧单元、多接入边缘计算或者传感器等装置，或者是这些装置内部的组件或者芯片，也可以是由RSU和MEC组成的系统级设备，或者是由RSU和传感器组成的系统级设备，还可以是由RSU、MEC和传感器组成的系统级设备。终端设备可以是车辆、车载单元(On Board Unit，OBU)、智能穿戴设备(例如，运动手环、手表等)或者便携移动设备(例如，手机、平板等)，也可以是上述设备中的组件或芯片，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
在本文上述的实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详细描述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
需要说明的是，本领域普通技术人员可以看到上述实施例的各种方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，存储介质包括只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable Read-only Memory，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory，EPROM)、一次可编程只读存储器(One-time Programmable Read-Only Memory，OTPROM)、电子抹除式可复写只读存储(Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储器、磁盘存储器、磁带存储器、或者能够用于携带或存储数据的计算机可读的任何其他介质。
本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机程序产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备、机器人、单片机、芯片、机器人等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。

Claims (70)

  1. 一种数据处理方法，应用于第一设备，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    从第二设备接收第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和所述回波，所述回波与所述激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，所述第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形和所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，所述第一点云数据用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置；
    根据所述第一消息获取点云校正参数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    从所述第二设备接收第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示第二点云，所述第二消息包括第二点云数据，其中，所述第二点云数据用于指示所述第二点云的空间位置；
    根据所述点云校正参数和所述第二点云数据获取第三点云数据。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息的发送频率为第一频率，所述第二消息的发送频率为第二频率，所述第一频率低于所述第二频率。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括发射所述脉冲波的水平角和垂直角；
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括所述回波的波形采样值。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形和所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，所述第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与所述第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在所述空间中的第一探测方位，所述第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与所述第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在所述空间中的第二探测方位；
    所述第一点云数据用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置，包括：
    所述第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，所述第一组点云的数据用于指示根据所述第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，所述第二组点云的数据用于指示根据所述第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置；
    所述回波波形数据和所述第一点云数据中还包括索引信息，所述索引信息用于指示所述第一回波波形数据与所述第一组点云的数据之间的第一对应关系，以及所述第二回波波形数据与所述第二组点云的数据之间的第二对应关系。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还包括第一空间信息，所述第一空间信息用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置属于第一空间区域。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，所述第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与所述第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在所述空间中的第一探测方位，所述第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与所述第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在所述空间中的第二探测方位；若所述第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，所述第一组点云的数 据用于指示根据所述第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，所述第二组点云的数据用于指示根据所述第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置，所述第一空间区域包括空间区域A和空间区域B，所述第一空间信息用于指示所述第一空间位置属于所述空间区域A以及所述的第二空间位置属于所述空间区域B。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第一空间位置信息，确定所述第一回波波形数据的处理优先级高于所述第二回波波形数据的处理优先级，和/或所述第一组点云的数据的处理优先级高于所述第二组点云的数据的处理优先级。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二消息还包括第二空间信息，所述第二空间信息用于指示所述第二点云的空间位置属于第二空间区域。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收多个消息，所述多个消息为所述第一消息、所述第二消息和第三消息中的至少两项，所述第三消息为从第三设备接收的用于指示第五点云的消息，所述第三消息包括第五点云数据，所述第五点云数据用于指示所述第五点云的空间位置，所述第三消息中还包括第三空间信息，所述第三空间信息用于指示所述第五点云的空间位置属于第三空间区域；根据所述多个消息中的多个空间信息，确定所述多个消息之间的处理优先级，其中，所述多个空间信息为所述第一空间信息、所述第二空间信息和所述第三空间信息中的至少两项。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示回波采集时刻，所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形，包括：所述回波波形数据包括在所述回波采集时刻采集到的回波的波形采样值。
  13. 根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一消息获取点云校正参数，包括：
    根据所述回波波形数据获取第四点云数据；
    根据所述第一点云数据和所述第四点云数据获取所述点云校正参数。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还包括头部，所述头部包括用于根据所述回波的波形采样值恢复所述回波的波形真实值的参数，所述参数用于提供回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移，所述回波波形增益为所述回波的波形采样值与所述回波的波形真实值之间的乘法运算因子，所述回波波形偏移为所述回波的波形采样值与所述回波的波形真实值之间的加法运算因子。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还包括时间比例因子和/时间偏移，所述时间比例因子为所述回波的回波采集时刻与所述回波的真实采集时刻之间的乘法运算因子，所述时间偏移为所述回波的回波采集时刻与所述回波的真实采集时刻之间的加法运算因子。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第二设备的类型、所述第二设备的标识、所述激光雷达的型号、所述激光雷达的标识、任意两个相邻的回波采集时刻之间的时间间隔和任意两个相邻的脉冲波采集时刻之间的时间间隔中的至少一项。
  17. 根据权利要求1-16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二设备为车端设备，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第二设备的行驶速度和/或所述第二设备的航向角中的至少一项。
  18. 根据权利要求1-17任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第一消息的发送时刻、所述回波的波形采样值或所述脉冲波的波形采样值在所述第一消息中占据的比特数、所述回波的波形压缩方式和所述脉冲波的脉冲压缩方式中的至少一项。
  19. 一种数据传输方法，应用于第二设备，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    生成第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和所述回波，所述回波与所述激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，所述第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形和所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，所述第一点云数据用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置；
    发送所述第一消息。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示第二点云，所述第二消息包括第二点云数据，其中，所述第二点云数据用于指示所述第二点云的空间位置。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息的发送频率为第一频率，所述第二消息的发送频率为第二频率，所述第一频率低于所述第二频率。
  22. 根据权利要求19-21任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括发射所述脉冲波的水平角和垂直角；
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括所述回波的波形采样值。
  23. 根据权利要求19-22任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形和所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，所述第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与所述第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在所述空间中的第一探测方位，所述第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与所述第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在所述空间中的第二探测方位；
    所述第一点云数据用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置，包括：
    所述第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，所述第一组点云的数据用于指示根据所述第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，所述第二组点云的数据用于指示根据所述第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置；
    所述回波波形数据和所述第一点云数据中还包括索引信息，所述索引信息用于指示所述第一回波波形数据与所述第一组点云的数据之间的第一对应关系，以及所述第二回波波形数据与所述第二组点云的数据之间的第二对应关系。
  24. 根据权利要求19-23任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息中还包括第一空间信息，所述第一空间信息用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置属于第一空间区域。
  25. 根据权利要求20-24任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二消息中还包括第二空 间信息，所述第二空间信息用于指示所述第二点云的空间位置属于第二空间区域。
  26. 根据权利要求19-25任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻。
  27. 根据权利要求19-26任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示回波采集时刻，所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形，包括：所述回波波形数据包括在所述回波采集时刻采集到的回波的波形采样值。
  28. 根据权利要求19-27任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还包括头部，所述头部包括用于根据所述回波的波形采样值恢复所述回波的波形真实值的参数，所述参数用于提供回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移，所述回波波形增益为所述回波的波形采样值与所述回波的波形真实值之间的乘法运算因子，所述回波波形偏移为所述回波的波形采样值与所述回波的波形真实值之间的加法运算因子。
  29. 根据权利要求19-28任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还包括时间比例因子和/时间偏移，所述时间比例因子为所述回波的回波采集时刻与所述回波的真实采集时刻之间的乘法运算因子，所述时间偏移为所述回波的回波采集时刻与所述回波的真实采集时刻之间的加法运算因子。
  30. 根据权利要求19-29任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第二设备的类型、所述第二设备的标识、所述激光雷达的型号、所述激光雷达的标识、任意两个相邻的回波采集时刻之间的时间间隔和任意两个相邻的脉冲波采集时刻之间的时间间隔中的至少一项。
  31. 根据权利要求19-30任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二设备为车端设备，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第二设备的行驶速度和/或所述第二设备的航向角中的至少一项。
  32. 根据权利要求19-31任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第一消息的发送时刻、所述回波的波形采样值或所述脉冲波的波形采样值在所述第一消息中占据的比特数、所述回波的波形压缩方式和所述脉冲波的脉冲压缩方式中的至少一项。
  33. 一种数据处理装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    接收单元，用于从第二设备接收第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和所述回波，所述回波与所述激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，所述第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形和所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，所述第一点云数据用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置；
    处理单元，用于根据所述第一消息获取点云校正参数。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述接收单元，还用于从所述第二设备接收第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示第二点云，所述第二消息包括第二点云数据，其中，所述第二点云数据用于指示所述第二点云的空间位置；
    所述处理单元，还用于根据所述点云校正参数和所述第二点云数据获取第三点云数据。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息的发送频率为第一频率，所述第二消息的发送频率为第二频率，所述第一频率低于所述第二频率。
  36. 根据权利要求33-35任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括发射所述脉冲波的水平角和垂直角；
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括所述回波的波形采样值。
  37. 根据权利要求33-36任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形和所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，所述第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与所述第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在所述空间中的第一探测方位，所述第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与所述第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在所述空间中的第二探测方位；
    所述第一点云数据用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置，包括：
    所述第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，所述第一组点云的数据用于指示根据所述第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，所述第二组点云的数据用于指示根据所述第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置；
    所述回波波形数据和所述第一点云数据中还包括索引信息，所述索引信息用于指示所述第一回波波形数据与所述第一组点云的数据之间的第一对应关系，以及所述第二回波波形数据与所述第二组点云的数据之间的第二对应关系。
  38. 根据权利要求33-37任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息中还包括第一空间信息，所述第一空间信息用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置属于第一空间区域。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的装置，其特征在于，所述回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，所述第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与所述第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在所述空间中的第一探测方位，所述第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与所述第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在所述空间中的第二探测方位；若所述第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，所述第一组点云的数据用于指示根据所述第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，所述第二组点云的数据用于指示根据所述第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置，所述第一空间区域包括空间区域A和空间区域B，所述第一空间信息用于指示所述第一空间位置属于所述空间区域A以及所述的第二空间位置属于所述空间区域B。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于：
    根据所述第一空间位置信息，确定所述第一回波波形数据的处理优先级高于所述第二回波波形数据的处理优先级，和/或所述第一组点云的数据的处理优先级高于所述第二组点云的数据的处理优先级。
  41. 根据权利要求34-40任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二消息中还包括第二空间信息，所述第二空间信息用于指示所述第二点云的空间位置属于第二空间区域。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述接收单元还用于：接收多个消息，所述多个消息为所述第一消息、所述第二消息和第三消息中的至少两项，所述第三消息为从第三设备接收的用于指示第五点云的消息，所述 第三消息包括第五点云数据，所述第五点云数据用于指示所述第五点云的空间位置，所述第三消息中还包括第三空间信息，所述第三空间信息用于指示所述第五点云的空间位置属于第三空间区域；
    所述处理单元还用于：根据所述多个消息中的多个空间信息，确定所述多个消息之间的处理优先级，其中，所述多个空间信息为所述第一空间信息、所述第二空间信息和所述第三空间信息中的至少两项。
  43. 根据权利要求33-42任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻。
  44. 根据权利要求33-43任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示回波采集时刻，所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形，包括：所述回波波形数据包括在所述回波采集时刻采集到的回波的波形采样值。
  45. 根据权利要求33-44任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，具体用于：
    根据所述回波波形数据获取第四点云数据；
    根据所述第一点云数据和所述第四点云数据获取所述点云校正参数。
  46. 根据权利要求33-45任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还包括头部，所述头部包括用于根据所述回波的波形采样值恢复所述回波的波形真实值的参数，所述参数用于提供回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移，所述回波波形增益为所述回波的波形采样值与所述回波的波形真实值之间的乘法运算因子，所述回波波形偏移为所述回波的波形采样值与所述回波的波形真实值之间的加法运算因子。
  47. 根据权利要求33-46任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还包括时间比例因子和/时间偏移，所述时间比例因子为所述回波的回波采集时刻与所述回波的真实采集时刻之间的乘法运算因子，所述时间偏移为所述回波的回波采集时刻与所述回波的真实采集时刻之间的加法运算因子。
  48. 根据权利要求33-47任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第二设备的类型、所述第二设备的标识、所述激光雷达的型号、所述激光雷达的标识、任意两个相邻的回波采集时刻之间的时间间隔和任意两个相邻的脉冲波采集时刻之间的时间间隔中的至少一项。
  49. 根据权利要求33-48任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二设备为车端设备，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第二设备的行驶速度和/或所述第二设备的航向角中的至少一项。
  50. 根据权利要求33-49任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第一消息的发送时刻、所述回波的波形采样值或所述脉冲波的波形采样值在所述第一消息中占据的比特数、所述回波的波形压缩方式和所述脉冲波的脉冲压缩方式中的至少一项。
  51. 一种数据传输装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    生成单元，用于生成第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示根据激光雷达接收到的回波生成的第一点云和所述回波，所述回波与所述激光雷达发送的脉冲波相对应，所述第一消息包括回波波形数据和第一点云数据，其中，所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形和所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，所述第一点云数据用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置；
    发送单元，用于发送所述第一消息。
  52. 根据权利要求51所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发送单元，具体用于：
    发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示第二点云，所述第二消息包括第二点云数据，其中，所述第二点云数据用于指示所述第二点云的空间位置。
  53. 根据权利要求52所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息的发送频率为第一频率，所述第二消息的发送频率为第二频率，所述第一频率低于所述第二频率。
  54. 根据权利要求51-53任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括发射所述脉冲波的水平角和垂直角；
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括所述回波的波形采样值。
  55. 根据权利要求51-54任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形和所述脉冲波在空间中的探测方位，包括：
    所述回波波形数据包括第一回波波形数据和第二回波波形数据，所述第一回波波形数据用于指示第一回波的第一采样波形和与所述第一回波相对应的第一脉冲波在所述空间中的第一探测方位，所述第二回波波形数据用于指示第二回波的第二采样波形和与所述第二回波相对应的第二脉冲波在所述空间中的第二探测方位；
    所述第一点云数据用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置，包括：
    所述第一点云数据包括第一组点云的数据和第二组点云的数据，所述第一组点云的数据用于指示根据所述第一回波生成的第一组点云的第一空间位置，所述第二组点云的数据用于指示根据所述第二回波生成的第二组点云的第二空间位置；
    所述回波波形数据和所述第一点云数据中还包括索引信息，所述索引信息用于指示所述第一回波波形数据与所述第一组点云的数据之间的第一对应关系，以及所述第二回波波形数据与所述第二组点云的数据之间的第二对应关系。
  56. 根据权利要求51-55任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息中还包括第一空间信息，所述第一空间信息用于指示所述第一点云的空间位置属于第一空间区域。
  57. 根据权利要求52-56任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二消息中还包括第二空间信息，所述第二空间信息用于指示所述第二点云的空间位置属于第二空间区域。
  58. 根据权利要求51-57任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述脉冲波的脉冲发射时刻。
  59. 根据权利要求51-58任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示回波采集时刻，所述回波波形数据用于指示所述回波的采样波形，包括：所述回波波形数据包括在所述回波采集时刻采集到的回波的波形采样值。
  60. 根据权利要求51-59任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还包括头部，所述头部包括用于根据所述回波的波形采样值恢复所述回波的波形真实值的参数，所述参数用于提供回波波形增益和/或回波波形偏移，所述回波波形增益为所述回波的波形采样值与所述回波的波形真实值之间的乘法运算因子，所述回波波形偏移为所述回波的波形采样值与所述回波的波形真实值之间的加法运算因子。
  61. 根据权利要求51-60任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还包括时间比例因子和/时间偏移，所述时间比例因子为所述回波的回波采集时刻与所述回波的真实采集时刻 之间的乘法运算因子，所述时间偏移为所述回波的回波采集时刻与所述回波的真实采集时刻之间的加法运算因子。
  62. 根据权利要求51-61任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第二设备的类型、所述第二设备的标识、所述激光雷达的型号、所述激光雷达的标识、任意两个相邻的回波采集时刻之间的时间间隔和任意两个相邻的脉冲波采集时刻之间的时间间隔中的至少一项。
  63. 根据权利要求51-62任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二设备为车端设备，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第二设备的行驶速度和/或所述第二设备的航向角中的至少一项。
  64. 根据权利要求51-63任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一消息还用于指示所述第一消息的发送时刻、所述回波的波形采样值或所述脉冲波的波形采样值在所述第一消息中占据的比特数、所述回波的波形压缩方式和所述脉冲波的脉冲压缩方式中的至少一项。
  65. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有程序指令，所述程序指令用于实现权利要求1-18或权利要求19-32中任一项所述的方法。
  66. 一种数据处理装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储计算机程序指令，所述处理器运行所述计算机程序指令以使所述装置执行如权利要求1-18任一项所述的方法。
  67. 一种数据传输装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储计算机程序指令，所述处理器运行所述计算机程序指令以使所述装置执行如权利要求19-32任一项所述的方法。
  68. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括第一设备和第二设备，其中，所述第一设备用于执行如权利要求1-18所述的方法，所述第二设备用于执行如权利要求19-32所述的方法。
  69. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括如权利要求33-50或66中任一项所述的数据处理装置，或者包括如权利要求51-64或67中任一项所述的数据传输装置。
  70. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在处理器上运行时，实现如权利要求1-18或者19-32任一项所述的方法。
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