WO2023060724A1 - Boosting circuit integrating apfc and switched capacitor converter, and control method - Google Patents

Boosting circuit integrating apfc and switched capacitor converter, and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023060724A1
WO2023060724A1 PCT/CN2021/134392 CN2021134392W WO2023060724A1 WO 2023060724 A1 WO2023060724 A1 WO 2023060724A1 CN 2021134392 W CN2021134392 W CN 2021134392W WO 2023060724 A1 WO2023060724 A1 WO 2023060724A1
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input
circuit
switched capacitor
output
capacitor converter
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PCT/CN2021/134392
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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付青
陈一山
苏奕星
杨航
韦仲爽
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中山大学
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Publication of WO2023060724A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023060724A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, and more specifically, to a boost circuit and a control method integrating an APFC and a switched capacitor converter.
  • APFC Active Power Factor Correction
  • the traditional power factor correction circuit is generally formed by cascading two-stage circuits, but the traditional two-stage APFC needs to add a large DC capacitor between the two stages to ensure the stability of the DC bus voltage and the two-stage switch tubes are in a state of separate control. Many components are needed, the circuit is complicated, and the device utilization rate is low.
  • a single-stage power factor correction circuit Single-stage Power Factor Correction
  • most single-stage APFCs that are widely used are generally formed by combining basic circuits such as Boost, Buck, Forward, and Fly-back in pairs.
  • a bridgeless single-stage PFC circuit integrated with BOOST and BUCK is disclosed in the prior art.
  • This solution combines APFC and subsequent DC-DC circuits, and uses one controller to simultaneously complete power factor correction and output voltage regulation functions.
  • the switch tube In each working mode mentioned in the scheme, based on the positive and negative polarity changes of the AC input power supply, when controlling the switch on and off to adjust the output voltage, the switch tube has a dead zone and cannot achieve a wide range. Range of pressure regulation.
  • the present invention proposes a boost circuit and control method integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter, and uses the capacitor of switched capacitor converter to replace The large buffer capacitor of the traditional single-stage APFC realizes wide-range and high-voltage output while realizing power factor correction.
  • a boost circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter includes: a power input conversion unit, an input inductance L in , a first switching tube Q 1 , a second switching tube Q 2 , a switched capacitor converter unit, an output unit, a first PWM signal generator, a second PWM signal generator and a mode distribution unit;
  • One end of the power input conversion unit is connected to the input end of the input inductor L in , the output end of L in is respectively connected to the first end of Q1 and the first input end of the switched capacitor converter unit, and the second end of Q1 is respectively connected to the first end of Q2. end and the second input end of the switched capacitor converter unit, the second end of Q2 is connected to the other end of the power input conversion unit, the first output end of the switched capacitor converter unit is connected to one end of the output unit, the other end of the output unit and the switch
  • the second output terminals of the capacitive converter unit are both connected to the second terminal of Q2;
  • the mode allocation unit sends the mode allocation instructions of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 to the first PWM signal generator and the second PWM signal generator according to the active power factor correction and boosting requirements, and the first PWM
  • the signal generator generates the first PWM signal P 1 according to the modal distribution instruction, and its output terminal is connected to the third terminal of Q1
  • the second PWM signal generator generates the second PWM signal S 2 according to the modal distribution instruction, and its output terminal is connected to Q2
  • the third terminal; the first PWM signal P 1 controls the conduction state of Q1
  • the second PWM signal S 2 controls the conduction state of Q2, so that the inductance current of the input inductor L in follows the input voltage change of the power input conversion unit, realizing Active Power Factor Correction and boosted output voltage based on switched capacitor converter unit.
  • the present invention also proposes a boost circuit control method integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter, including:
  • the mode allocation unit receives the active power factor correction and boosting requirements issued by the user, and sends the mode of the first switching tube Q 1 and the second switching tube Q 2 to the first PWM signal generator and the second PWM signal generator allocation instructions;
  • the first PWM signal generator is used to generate the first PWM signal P 1
  • the second PWM signal generator is used to generate the second PWM signal S 2 ;
  • the modal allocation instructions include: both Q1 and Q2 are on; Q1 is off and Q2 is on; Q1 is on and Q2 is off.
  • the present invention proposes a boost circuit and control method for integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter, integrates the realization of APFC and switched capacitor converter by sharing two switching tubes, and uses two PWM signals to control the two switching tubes respectively
  • the inductor current in the boost circuit changes with the input voltage, realizing active power factor correction
  • the control method is simple, and there is no short circuit phenomenon; and due to the introduction of the switched capacitor converter unit, the inherent
  • the capacitor replaces the DC capacitor between the traditional two-stage power factor correction circuit or replaces the large buffer capacitor in the single-stage power factor correction circuit.
  • the inherent capacitance cooperates with the conduction state of the switch tube to release and store energy. At the same time, a wide-range, high-voltage output voltage is realized.
  • Fig. 1 represents the boost circuit structural diagram of the integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter proposed in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
  • Fig. 2 represents the working circuit diagram of the step-up circuit of the integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention in the first mode;
  • Fig. 3 represents the operating circuit diagram of the boost circuit of the integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention under mode two;
  • Fig. 4 represents the working circuit diagram of the step-up circuit of the integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention under mode three;
  • Fig. 5 represents the working circuit diagram of the step-up circuit of the integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention under mode four;
  • Fig. 6 shows the working circuit diagram of the first PWM signal generator proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 shows the working circuit diagram of the second PWM signal generator proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 shows the simulation waveform diagram of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage is 220V, the output voltage is 700V, and the load is 500 ⁇ proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • Fig. 9 shows the simulated waveform diagram of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage is 220V, the output voltage is 700V, and the load is 250 ⁇ proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • Fig. 10 represents the emulation waveform diagram of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is 220V, the output voltage is 1000V, and the load is 500 ⁇ ;
  • Fig. 11 shows the simulation waveform diagram of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage is 220V, the output voltage is 1000V, and the load is 250 ⁇ proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • Fig. 12 shows the simulated waveform diagram of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage is 220V, the output voltage is 1500V, and the load is 500 ⁇ proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • Fig. 13 shows the simulated waveforms of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage is 220V, the output voltage is 1500V, and the load is 250 ⁇ proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the boost circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter, see Figure 1, the circuit includes: power input conversion unit 1, input inductor L in , first switch tube Q 1 , second switch tube Q 2 , A switched capacitor converter unit 2, an output unit 3, a first PWM signal generator, a second PWM signal generator and a mode distribution unit;
  • One end of the power input conversion unit 1 is connected to the input end of L in , the output end of L in is respectively connected to the first end of Q1 and the first input end of the switched capacitor converter unit 2, and the second end of Q1 is respectively connected to the first end of Q2. terminal and the second input terminal of the switched capacitor converter unit 2, the second terminal of Q2 is connected to the other end of the power input conversion unit 1, the first output terminal of the switched capacitor converter unit 2 is connected to one end of the output unit 3, and the output unit 3 The other end of and the second output end of the switched capacitor converter unit 2 are connected to the second end of Q2;
  • the mode allocation unit sends the mode allocation instructions of the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 to the first PWM signal generator and the second PWM signal generator according to the active power factor correction and boosting requirements, the first PWM The signal generator generates the first PWM signal P 1 according to the modal distribution instruction, and its output terminal is connected to the third terminal of Q1, and the second PWM signal generator generates the second PWM signal S 2 according to the modal distribution instruction, and its output terminal is connected to Q2
  • the third end of the input inductor is used to control the energy stored in the cycle, the first PWM signal P 1 controls the conduction state of Q1, and the second PWM signal S 2 controls the conduction state of Q2, so that the inductor current of the input inductor L in follows
  • the input voltage of the power input conversion unit 1 changes to realize active power factor correction and increase the output voltage based on the switched capacitor converter unit 2 .
  • the power input conversion unit 1 includes: an AC input power source AC and a rectifier bridge, the AC input power source AC is used to provide electric energy, and the rectifier bridge includes a diode D 1 , a diode D 2 , a diode D 3 , a diode D 4 , and a rectifier bridge.
  • the anode of 1 is respectively connected to one end of the AC input power supply AC and the cathode of D4 , the cathode of D1 is respectively connected to the cathode of D2 and the input end of the input inductance L in , and the anode of D2 is respectively connected to the other end of the AC input power supply AC And the cathode of D 3 , the anode of D 3 are respectively connected to the second end of Q2, and the rectifier bridge converts the AC sine wave input by the AC input power supply AC into an arch wave.
  • the switched capacitor converter unit 2 is a second-order switched capacitor converter.
  • the switched capacitor converter includes a diode D5 , a diode D6 , a diode D7 , a diode D8 , and a first flying capacitor C 1 , the second flying capacitor C 2 and the third flying capacitor C 3 , the diodes are used to control the energy flow;
  • the anode of D 5 of the switched capacitor converter unit 2 is used as the first input terminal of the switched capacitor converter unit 2, connected to Q1
  • the cathode of D5 is respectively connected to the anode of D6 and one terminal of the first flying capacitor C1 , and the other terminal of C1 is used as the second input terminal of the switched capacitor converter unit 2, which is respectively connected to the second terminal of Q1 , the first end of Q1 and one end of C3 , the cathode of D6 is respectively connected to one end of C2 and the anode of D7 , the cathode of
  • the output unit 3 includes a capacitor C 4 and an output resistor R out , and C 4 and R out are connected in parallel.
  • the boost circuit can be divided into four operating modes, and the labels of all components are the same as those in Embodiment 1. in,
  • Mode 1 Refer to Figure 2, when both Q 1 and Q 2 are turned on, the solid line indicates that there is current passing through, and the dotted line indicates that there is no current passing through.
  • the AC sine wave input by the AC input power supply is converted into an arch wave and then charges L in , I in rises, D 5 , D 6 , and D 8 are turned off, D 7 is turned on, and C 2 passes through D 7 discharge to C 3 ;
  • Mode 2 Refer to Figure 3, when Q1 is on and Q2 is off, the solid line indicates that there is current passing through, and the dotted line indicates that there is no current passing through.
  • the AC input power supply AC is connected in series with L in and the first flying capacitor C1 to charge the second flying capacitor C2 through D6 , and at the same time, the AC input power supply AC is connected in series with Lin and the third flying capacitor C3 to charge the capacitor C4 , at the same time provide energy for R out through D 8 , L in is in a charging state, and I in gradually rises;
  • Mode 3 Refer to Figure 4, when Q1 is off and Q2 is on, the solid line indicates that there is current passing through, and the dotted line indicates that there is no current passing through.
  • AC input power supply AC and L in are connected in series to charge C 1 , C 2 discharges to C 3 through D 7 and charges capacitor C 4 through D 8 , the energy stored in L in is transferred to capacitor C 1 , and the current of I in drops ;
  • Mode 4 Referring to Figure 5, when both Q 1 and Q 2 are turned off, the solid line represents current passing, and the dotted line represents no current passing.
  • the AC input power supply AC is rectified by the rectifier bridge and connected in series with the input inductance L in , through the diode D 5 , the diode D 6 charges the second flying capacitor C 2 , and the diode D 7 and the diode D 8 are turned off , Capacitor C 4 provides energy for the output resistor R out .
  • the first PWM signal generator includes a first operational amplifier circuit, a multiplier, a second operational amplifier circuit, and a third operational amplifier circuit.
  • the positive terminal input of the first operational amplifier circuit is a reference voltage V ref
  • the first operational amplifier circuit The negative terminal input of the amplifying circuit is the output voltage V c4 of the output unit 3 side
  • the first operational amplifier circuit is provided with an input resistor Z 1 and a resistor Z 2
  • the negative terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit is respectively connected to one end of Z 1 and Z 2
  • One end of Z1 , the other end of Z1 is connected to the output voltage Vc4 of the output unit, and the other end of Z2 is connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier circuit;
  • the output terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit is connected to the first input terminal of the multiplier, the second input terminal of the multiplier inputs the unit arch wave
  • the generation of a PWM signal P 1 , P 1 does not need to consider the dead zone of the switch tube, which facilitates the realization of a wide range of voltage output while realizing power factor correction.
  • the second PWM signal generator includes a fourth amplifying circuit, an AND gate circuit, a NOT gate circuit, and an OR gate circuit; the positive terminal input of the fourth amplifying circuit is a constant DC voltage V DC , and the negative terminal of the fourth amplifying circuit The input is a sawtooth wave, and the output terminal of the fourth amplifying circuit outputs a PWM signal P 11 with a constant duty ratio. Both P 11 and P 1 are input to the AND gate circuit, and at the same time, P 1 is input to the NOT gate circuit.
  • the output of the AND gate circuit is used as the input of the OR gate circuit, and the OR gate circuit outputs the second PWM signal S 2 .
  • the generation of S 2 does not need to consider the dead zone of the switch tube, which is convenient for realizing a wide range of power factor correction at the same time. voltage output.
  • P 1 and S 2 are generated by combining the average current control and the gate circuit, and the boost circuit is controlled to achieve power factor correction and output voltage control.
  • the overall control effect is to make the inductor current waveform follow the rectified arch
  • the wave waveform is used to improve the power factor, and the output voltage is regulated by controlling the duty cycle of the four working modes in the whole cycle on the basis of APFC.
  • both the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 of the boost circuit are turned on or the first switch tube Q1 is turned on and the second switch tube Q2 is turned off, the inductor current I in is in a rising state;
  • both the first switching tube Q 1 and the second switching tube Q 2 are turned off, or when the first switching tube Q 1 is turned off and the second switching tube Q 2 is turned on, the inductor current I in is in a falling state, then the first PWM When the signal P 1 is at a high level, the booster circuit should work in both the first switching tube Q 1 and the second switching tube Q 2 on or the first switching tube Q 1 on and the second switching tube Q 2 off.
  • the boost circuit when the first PWM signal P 1 is at low level, the boost circuit should work when the switching tubes Q 1 and Q 2 are both off, or the first switching tube Q 1 is off and the second switching tube Q 2 is on. a working state. Since the switched capacitor converter only needs to work in the two working modes when Q1 is off, Q2 is on, and Q1 is on, Q2 is off. In order to simplify the control, the first PWM signal P1 can be low-voltage Usually, only the control circuit works when Q1 is turned off and Q2 is turned on.
  • P 11 represents a PWM signal with a constant duty cycle, Indicates that the P 1 signal is "not”.
  • the logic function expression for adjusting the high and low states of the first PWM signal P1 and the second PWM signal S2 is:
  • S 2 represents the second PWM signal
  • P 1 represents the first PWM signal
  • P 11 represents the PWM signal with a constant duty cycle
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention is further verified.
  • the component parameters are set according to specific conditions, such as the input voltage value of the AC input power supply, C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 and the value of the output resistance, etc.
  • the abscissa in each figure is the period, and the ordinate represents the voltage, and each figure is the input voltage, the voltage V c1 of C 1 , and the voltage V c4 of C 4 from top to bottom.
  • Figure 8 and Figure 9 show the simulation under the load of 500 ⁇ and 250 ⁇ when the input voltage is 220V and the output voltage is 700V.
  • the output voltage is the same and the load is different;
  • the voltage is 700V
  • the average output voltage is 699V
  • the load is 500 ⁇
  • the average input current is 5.51A
  • the power factor is 0.99
  • the power is 980W.
  • the input voltage is 220V AC at this time
  • the set reference voltage is 700V
  • the average output voltage is 699V
  • the load is 250 ⁇
  • the average input current is 11.40A
  • the power factor is 0.99
  • the power is 1960W
  • Figure 10 and Figure 11 show the simulation under the load of 500 ⁇ and 250 ⁇ when the input voltage is 220V and the output voltage is 1000V. At this time, the output voltage is the same and the load is different; in Figure 10, the input voltage is 220V AC, and the reference voltage is set to 1000V , the average output voltage is 997V, the load is 500 ⁇ , the average input current is 11.50A, the power factor is 0.99, and the power is 2000W; in Figure 11, the input voltage is 220V AC at this time, the reference voltage is set to 1000V, and the average output voltage It is 997V, the load is 500 ⁇ , the average input current is 11.50A, the power factor is 0.99, and the power is 2000W.
  • Figure 12 and Figure 13 show the simulation under the input voltage of 220V, the output voltage of 1500V and the load of 500 ⁇ and 250 ⁇ . At this time, the output voltage is the same and the load is different;
  • the average voltage is 1490V
  • the load is 500 ⁇
  • the average input current is 25.20A
  • the power factor is 0.984
  • the power is 4500W
  • the input voltage is 220V AC
  • the set reference voltage is 1500V
  • the average output voltage is 1483V
  • the average input current is 48.00A
  • the power factor is 0.99
  • the power 9000W.
  • Figure 8 Figure 10, and Figure 12 show the simulation comparison under different output voltages when the input voltage is 220V and the load is 500 ⁇ ;
  • Figure 9, Figure 11, and Figure 13 show the simulation comparison under different output voltages when the input voltage is 220V and the load is 250 ⁇ ;
  • the error a and the unit arch wave are input to the multiplier to obtain the arch wave containing the error information of the output voltage and the reference voltage as the current tracking signal, the current current tracking signal is input to the positive terminal of the second operational amplifier circuit, and the inductor current is input to the second operational amplifier circuit. Negative terminal, the error b between the inductor current and the current tracking signal is obtained; when the sampling input current Iin signal is smaller than the current tracking signal, the output of the first PWM signal P1 is high level, which means that the first switching tube Q1 and the first switching tube Q1 are turned on at the same time The second switching tube Q 2 or only the first switching tube Q 1 is turned on, and the low level means that the first switching tube Q 1 is turned off and the second switching tube Q 2 is turned on.
  • the PWM signal P11 with a constant duty cycle and the first PWM signal P1 are input to the AND gate circuit, and the first PWM signal P1 is input to the NOT gate circuit, and the output of the NOT gate circuit and the output of the AND gate circuit are jointly used as an OR gate The input of the circuit, and the OR gate circuit outputs the second PWM signal S 2 .

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, and provides a boosting circuit integrating an APFC and a switched capacitor converter, and a control method. The APFC and the switched capacitor converter share two switch tubes, and a PWM signal is used to respectively control the two switch tubes, so that inductive current changes along with an input voltage, so as to achieve active power factor correction. The control method is simple, and a dead zone time does not need to be set; in addition, the capacitor of the switched capacitor converter is used to replace a direct-current capacitor between two stages of traditional APFC or a buffer large capacitor of a single-stage APFC, and the switched capacitor converter is charged/discharged by turning on/off the switch tubes, so that a wide-range and high-voltage output voltage is realized.

Description

集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路及控制方法Boost circuit and control method integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电力电子的技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路及控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, and more specifically, to a boost circuit and a control method integrating an APFC and a switched capacitor converter.
背景技术Background technique
有源功率因数校正(Active Power Factor Correction,简称APFC)技术因能提高电力电子装置网侧功率因数，降低线路损耗，节约能源，减少电网谐波污染，提高电网供电质量等优点，在许多行业中得到广泛的应用。Active Power Factor Correction (APFC) technology is widely used in many industries due to its advantages of improving the grid-side power factor of power electronic devices, reducing line loss, saving energy, reducing grid harmonic pollution, and improving grid power supply quality. be widely used.
传统的功率因数校正电路一般由两级电路级联而成，但传统两级APFC需在两级之间增加直流大电容以确保直流母线电压稳定且两级开关管处于分别控制的状态，具有所需元件多，电路复杂，器件利用率低等缺点。为了改善此类缺点，单级功率因数校正电路(Single-stage Power Factor Correction)被提出。目前，应用较广的大多数单级APFC一般通过Boost，Buck，Forward，Fly-back等基础电路两两组合而成。The traditional power factor correction circuit is generally formed by cascading two-stage circuits, but the traditional two-stage APFC needs to add a large DC capacitor between the two stages to ensure the stability of the DC bus voltage and the two-stage switch tubes are in a state of separate control. Many components are needed, the circuit is complicated, and the device utilization rate is low. In order to improve such shortcomings, a single-stage power factor correction circuit (Single-stage Power Factor Correction) was proposed. At present, most single-stage APFCs that are widely used are generally formed by combining basic circuits such as Boost, Buck, Forward, and Fly-back in pairs.
现有技术中公开了一种BOOST与BUCK集成的无桥单级PFC电路，该方案将APFC和后级DC-DC电路结合在一起，用一个控制器同时完成功率因数校正和输出电压调节功能，器件较少，提高了效率，降低了成本，但也存在开关器件电压应力大，升压效果有限以及需要大电容作为输入功率和输出功率之间不平衡时的缓冲电容等缺点，另外，在该方案中提及到的各个工作模式下，基于交流输入电源的正负极性改变，控制开关管的导通与关断从而进行输出电压调节时，开关管是存在死区的，并不能实现宽范围的调压。A bridgeless single-stage PFC circuit integrated with BOOST and BUCK is disclosed in the prior art. This solution combines APFC and subsequent DC-DC circuits, and uses one controller to simultaneously complete power factor correction and output voltage regulation functions. There are fewer devices, which improves efficiency and reduces costs, but there are also disadvantages such as large voltage stress on switching devices, limited boosting effect, and the need for large capacitors as buffer capacitors when the input power and output power are unbalanced. In addition, in this In each working mode mentioned in the scheme, based on the positive and negative polarity changes of the AC input power supply, when controlling the switch on and off to adjust the output voltage, the switch tube has a dead zone and cannot achieve a wide range. Range of pressure regulation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决当前单级功率因数校正电路复杂度高且无法实现宽范围调压的问题，本发明提出一种集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路及控制方法，利用开关电容变换器的电容替代传统单级APFC的缓冲大电容，在实现功率因数校正的同时，实现宽范围、高电压的输出。In order to solve the problem that the current single-stage power factor correction circuit has high complexity and cannot realize wide-range voltage regulation, the present invention proposes a boost circuit and control method integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter, and uses the capacitor of switched capacitor converter to replace The large buffer capacitor of the traditional single-stage APFC realizes wide-range and high-voltage output while realizing power factor correction.
为了达到上述技术效果，本发明的技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical effect, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
一种集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路，电路包括：电源输入转换单元、输入电感L in、第一开关管Q 1、第二开关管Q 2、开关电容变换器单元、输出单元、第一PWM信号发生器、第二PWM信号发生器及模态分配单元； A boost circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter, the circuit includes: a power input conversion unit, an input inductance L in , a first switching tube Q 1 , a second switching tube Q 2 , a switched capacitor converter unit, an output unit, a first PWM signal generator, a second PWM signal generator and a mode distribution unit;
电源输入变换单元的一端连接输入电感L in的输入端，L in的输出端分别连接Q1的第一端及开关电容变换器单元的第一输入端，Q1的第二端分别连接Q2的第一端及开关电容变换器单元的第二输入端，Q2的第二端连接电源输入变换单元的另一端，开关电容变换器单元的第一输出端连接输出单元的一端，输出单元的另一端及开关电容变换器单元的第二输出端均与Q2的第二端连接； One end of the power input conversion unit is connected to the input end of the input inductor L in , the output end of L in is respectively connected to the first end of Q1 and the first input end of the switched capacitor converter unit, and the second end of Q1 is respectively connected to the first end of Q2. end and the second input end of the switched capacitor converter unit, the second end of Q2 is connected to the other end of the power input conversion unit, the first output end of the switched capacitor converter unit is connected to one end of the output unit, the other end of the output unit and the switch The second output terminals of the capacitive converter unit are both connected to the second terminal of Q2;
模态分配单元根据有源功率因数校正及升压要求，向第一PWM信号发生器及第二PWM信号发生器发出第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2的模态分配指示，第一PWM信号发生器根据模态分配指示产生第一PWM信号P 1，其输出端连接Q1的第三端，第二PWM信号发生器根据模态分配指示产生第二PWM信号S 2，其输出端连接Q2的第三端；第一PWM信号P 1控制Q1的导通状态，第二PWM信号S 2控制Q2的导通状态，使得输入电感L in的电感电流跟随电源输入转换单元的输入电压变化，实现有源功率因数校正，并基于开关电容变换器单元升高输出电压。 The mode allocation unit sends the mode allocation instructions of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 to the first PWM signal generator and the second PWM signal generator according to the active power factor correction and boosting requirements, and the first PWM The signal generator generates the first PWM signal P 1 according to the modal distribution instruction, and its output terminal is connected to the third terminal of Q1, and the second PWM signal generator generates the second PWM signal S 2 according to the modal distribution instruction, and its output terminal is connected to Q2 The third terminal; the first PWM signal P 1 controls the conduction state of Q1, and the second PWM signal S 2 controls the conduction state of Q2, so that the inductance current of the input inductor L in follows the input voltage change of the power input conversion unit, realizing Active Power Factor Correction and boosted output voltage based on switched capacitor converter unit.
本发明还提出一种集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路控制方法，包括：The present invention also proposes a boost circuit control method integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter, including:
模态分配单元接收用户下发的有源功率因数校正及升压要求，向第一PWM信号发生器及第二PWM信号发生器发出第一开关管Q 1、第二开关管Q 2的模态分配指示； The mode allocation unit receives the active power factor correction and boosting requirements issued by the user, and sends the mode of the first switching tube Q 1 and the second switching tube Q 2 to the first PWM signal generator and the second PWM signal generator allocation instructions;
根据模态分配指示，利用第一PWM信号发生器产生第一PWM信号P 1，利用第二PWM信号发生器产生第二PWM信号S 2； According to the modal allocation instruction, the first PWM signal generator is used to generate the first PWM signal P 1 , and the second PWM signal generator is used to generate the second PWM signal S 2 ;
将P 1输入Q1的第三端，将S 2输入Q2的第三端； Input P 1 into the third terminal of Q1, and input S 2 into the third terminal of Q2;
在电源输入转换单元的输入电压上升时，调节P 1为高电平，S 2为高电平，使Q 1及Q 2均处于开通模态； When the input voltage of the power input conversion unit rises, adjust P 1 to be high level, and S 2 to be high level, so that both Q 1 and Q 2 are in the open mode;
在电源输入转换单元的输入电压下降时，调节P 1为低电平，S 2为高电平，Q 1处于关断、Q 2处于开通模态； When the input voltage of the power input conversion unit drops, adjust P 1 to be low level, S 2 to be high level, Q 1 to be off, and Q 2 to be in the on mode;
在需要升高输出电压时，调节P 1为高电平，S 2为低电平，使Q 1处于开通、Q 2处于关断模态。 When it is necessary to increase the output voltage, adjust P1 to be high level and S2 to be low level, so that Q1 is turned on and Q2 is turned off.
在此，模态分配指示共包括：Q 1及Q 2均开通模态；Q 1处于关断、Q 2处于 开通模态；Q 1处于开通、Q 2处于关断模态。 Here, the modal allocation instructions include: both Q1 and Q2 are on; Q1 is off and Q2 is on; Q1 is on and Q2 is off.
与现有技术相比，本发明技术方案的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:
本发明提出一种集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路及控制方法，将APFC的实现与开关电容变换器通过共用两个开关管进行集成，利用两个PWM信号分别控制两个开关管的导通状态，使升压电路中的电感电流跟随输入电压变化，实现有源功率因数校正，控制方法简便，不存在短路现象；而且由于开关电容变换器单元的引入，利用开关电容变换器中固有的电容替代传统两级功率因数校正电路之间的直流电容或代替单级功率因数校正电路中的缓冲大电容，固有电容配合开关管的导通状态进行能量释放及储存，在实现功率因数校正的同时，实现宽范围、高电压的输出电压。The present invention proposes a boost circuit and control method for integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter, integrates the realization of APFC and switched capacitor converter by sharing two switching tubes, and uses two PWM signals to control the two switching tubes respectively In the conduction state, the inductor current in the boost circuit changes with the input voltage, realizing active power factor correction, the control method is simple, and there is no short circuit phenomenon; and due to the introduction of the switched capacitor converter unit, the inherent The capacitor replaces the DC capacitor between the traditional two-stage power factor correction circuit or replaces the large buffer capacitor in the single-stage power factor correction circuit. The inherent capacitance cooperates with the conduction state of the switch tube to release and store energy. At the same time, a wide-range, high-voltage output voltage is realized.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1表示本发明实施例1中提出的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路结构图；Fig. 1 represents the boost circuit structural diagram of the integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter proposed in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
图2表示本发明实施例2中提出的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路在模态一下的工作电路图；Fig. 2 represents the working circuit diagram of the step-up circuit of the integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention in the first mode;
图3表示本发明实施例2中提出的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路在模态二下的工作电路图；Fig. 3 represents the operating circuit diagram of the boost circuit of the integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention under mode two;
图4表示本发明实施例2中提出的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路在模态三下的工作电路图；Fig. 4 represents the working circuit diagram of the step-up circuit of the integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention under mode three;
图5表示本发明实施例2中提出的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路在模态四下的工作电路图；Fig. 5 represents the working circuit diagram of the step-up circuit of the integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention under mode four;
图6表示本发明实施例2中提出的第一PWM信号发生器的工作电路图；Fig. 6 shows the working circuit diagram of the first PWM signal generator proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图7表示本发明实施例2中提出的第二PWM信号发生器的工作电路图；Fig. 7 shows the working circuit diagram of the second PWM signal generator proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图8表示本发明实施例2中提出的在输入电压为220V，输出电压为700V，负载为500Ω时，集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路在多个工频周期内的仿真波形图；Fig. 8 shows the simulation waveform diagram of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage is 220V, the output voltage is 700V, and the load is 500Ω proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图9表示本发明实施例2中提出的在输入电压为220V，输出电压为700V，负载为250Ω时，集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路在多个工频周期内的仿真波形图；Fig. 9 shows the simulated waveform diagram of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage is 220V, the output voltage is 700V, and the load is 250Ω proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图10表示本发明实施例2中提出的在输入电压为220V，输出电压为1000V，负 载为500Ω时，集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路在多个工频周期内的仿真波形图；Fig. 10 represents the emulation waveform diagram of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is 220V, the output voltage is 1000V, and the load is 500Ω;
图11表示本发明实施例2中提出的在输入电压为220V，输出电压为1000V，负载为250Ω时，集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路在多个工频周期内的仿真波形图；Fig. 11 shows the simulation waveform diagram of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage is 220V, the output voltage is 1000V, and the load is 250Ω proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图12表示本发明实施例2中提出的在输入电压为220V，输出电压为1500V，负载为500Ω时，集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路在多个工频周期内的仿真波形图；Fig. 12 shows the simulated waveform diagram of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage is 220V, the output voltage is 1500V, and the load is 500Ω proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图13表示本发明实施例2中提出的在输入电压为220V，输出电压为1500V，负载为250Ω时，集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路在多个工频周期内的仿真波形图。Fig. 13 shows the simulated waveforms of the step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter in multiple power frequency cycles when the input voltage is 220V, the output voltage is 1500V, and the load is 250Ω proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
附图仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and cannot be construed as limiting the patent;
为了更好地说明本实施例，附图某些部位会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际尺寸；In order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts of the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the actual size;
对于本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知内容说明可能省略是可以理解的。For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known content descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.
附图中描述位置关系的用于仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；The positional relationship described in the drawings is only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as a limitation to this patent;
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路，参见图1，电路包括：电源输入转换单元1、输入电感L in、第一开关管Q 1、第二开关管Q 2、开关电容变换器单元2、输出单元3、第一PWM信号发生器、第二PWM信号发生器及模态分配单元； As shown in Figure 1, the boost circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter, see Figure 1, the circuit includes: power input conversion unit 1, input inductor L in , first switch tube Q 1 , second switch tube Q 2 , A switched capacitor converter unit 2, an output unit 3, a first PWM signal generator, a second PWM signal generator and a mode distribution unit;
电源输入变换单元1的一端连接L in的输入端，L in的输出端分别连接Q1的第一端及开关电容变换器单元2的第一输入端，Q1的第二端分别连接Q2的第一端及开关电容变换器单元2的第二输入端，Q2的第二端连接电源输入变换单元1的另一端，开关电容变换器单元2的第一输出端连接输出单元3的一端，输出单元3的另一端及开关电容变换器单元2的第二输出端均与Q2的第二端连接； One end of the power input conversion unit 1 is connected to the input end of L in , the output end of L in is respectively connected to the first end of Q1 and the first input end of the switched capacitor converter unit 2, and the second end of Q1 is respectively connected to the first end of Q2. terminal and the second input terminal of the switched capacitor converter unit 2, the second terminal of Q2 is connected to the other end of the power input conversion unit 1, the first output terminal of the switched capacitor converter unit 2 is connected to one end of the output unit 3, and the output unit 3 The other end of and the second output end of the switched capacitor converter unit 2 are connected to the second end of Q2;
模态分配单元根据有源功率因数校正及升压要求，向第一PWM信号发生器及第二PWM信号发生器发出第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2的模态分配指示， 第一PWM信号发生器根据模态分配指示产生第一PWM信号P 1，其输出端连接Q1的第三端，第二PWM信号发生器根据模态分配指示产生第二PWM信号S 2，其输出端连接Q2的第三端；输入电感用于控制周期内存储能量，第一PWM信号P 1控制Q1的导通状态，第二PWM信号S 2控制Q2的导通状态，使得输入电感L in的电感电流跟随电源输入转换单元1的输入电压变化，实现有源功率因数校正，并基于开关电容变换器单元2升高输出电压。 The mode allocation unit sends the mode allocation instructions of the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 to the first PWM signal generator and the second PWM signal generator according to the active power factor correction and boosting requirements, the first PWM The signal generator generates the first PWM signal P 1 according to the modal distribution instruction, and its output terminal is connected to the third terminal of Q1, and the second PWM signal generator generates the second PWM signal S 2 according to the modal distribution instruction, and its output terminal is connected to Q2 The third end of the input inductor is used to control the energy stored in the cycle, the first PWM signal P 1 controls the conduction state of Q1, and the second PWM signal S 2 controls the conduction state of Q2, so that the inductor current of the input inductor L in follows The input voltage of the power input conversion unit 1 changes to realize active power factor correction and increase the output voltage based on the switched capacitor converter unit 2 .
在本实施例中，电源输入转换单元1包括：交流输入电源AC及整流桥，交流输入电源AC用于提供电能，整流桥包括二极管D 1、二极管D 2、二极管D 3、二极管D 4，D 1的阳极分别连接交流输入电源AC的一端及D 4的阴极，D 1的阴极分别与D 2的阴极及输入电感L in的输入端连接，D 2的阳极分别连接交流输入电源AC的另一端及D 3的阴极，D 3的阳极分别连接Q2的第二端，整流桥将交流输入电源AC输入的交流正弦波转换为拱波。 In this embodiment, the power input conversion unit 1 includes: an AC input power source AC and a rectifier bridge, the AC input power source AC is used to provide electric energy, and the rectifier bridge includes a diode D 1 , a diode D 2 , a diode D 3 , a diode D 4 , and a rectifier bridge. The anode of 1 is respectively connected to one end of the AC input power supply AC and the cathode of D4 , the cathode of D1 is respectively connected to the cathode of D2 and the input end of the input inductance L in , and the anode of D2 is respectively connected to the other end of the AC input power supply AC And the cathode of D 3 , the anode of D 3 are respectively connected to the second end of Q2, and the rectifier bridge converts the AC sine wave input by the AC input power supply AC into an arch wave.
在本实施例中，开关电容变换器单元2为一个二阶开关电容变换器，参见图1，开关电容变换器包括二极管D 5、二极管D 6、二极管D 7、二极管D 8、第一飞电容C 1、第二飞电容C 2及第三飞电容C 3，二极管用于控制能量流向；开关电容变换器单元2的D 5的阳极作为开关电容变换器单元2的第一输入端，连接Q1的第一端；D 5的阴极分别连接D 6的阳极及第一飞电容C 1的一端，C 1的另一端作为开关电容变换器单元2的第二输入端，分别连接Q1的第二端、Q1的第一端及C 3的一端，D 6的阴极分别连接C 2的一端及D 7的阳极，D 7的阴极分别连接C 3的一端及D 8的阳极，D 8的阴极作为开关电容变换器单元2的第一输出端连接输出单元3的一端，C 2的另一端作为开关电容变换器单元2的第二输出端分别连接输出单元3的另一端及Q2的第二端；二阶的开关电容变换器即如图1所示，在实际实施时，开关电容变换器单元2可由一个开关电容变换器扩展至n阶，增加开关电容阶数能够有效增加升压能力。 In this embodiment, the switched capacitor converter unit 2 is a second-order switched capacitor converter. Referring to FIG. 1, the switched capacitor converter includes a diode D5 , a diode D6 , a diode D7 , a diode D8 , and a first flying capacitor C 1 , the second flying capacitor C 2 and the third flying capacitor C 3 , the diodes are used to control the energy flow; the anode of D 5 of the switched capacitor converter unit 2 is used as the first input terminal of the switched capacitor converter unit 2, connected to Q1 The first terminal of D5; the cathode of D5 is respectively connected to the anode of D6 and one terminal of the first flying capacitor C1 , and the other terminal of C1 is used as the second input terminal of the switched capacitor converter unit 2, which is respectively connected to the second terminal of Q1 , the first end of Q1 and one end of C3 , the cathode of D6 is respectively connected to one end of C2 and the anode of D7 , the cathode of D7 is respectively connected to one end of C3 and the anode of D8 , and the cathode of D8 is used as a switch The first output end of the capacitor converter unit 2 is connected to one end of the output unit 3, and the other end of C2 is connected to the other end of the output unit 3 and the second end of Q2 as the second output end of the switched capacitor converter unit 2; The first-order switched capacitor converter is shown in FIG. 1 . In actual implementation, the switched capacitor converter unit 2 can be extended from one switched capacitor converter to n-order. Increasing the number of switched capacitor converters can effectively increase the boosting capability.
参见图1，输出单元3包括电容C 4及输出电阻R out，C 4与R out并联连接。 Referring to FIG. 1 , the output unit 3 includes a capacitor C 4 and an output resistor R out , and C 4 and R out are connected in parallel.
实施例2Example 2
根据实施例1中的第一开关管Q 1及第二开关管Q 2的导通状态，可以将升压电路分为四种工作模态，所有元件的标号表示均与实施例1中相同，其中， According to the conduction state of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 in Embodiment 1, the boost circuit can be divided into four operating modes, and the labels of all components are the same as those in Embodiment 1. in,
模态一：参见图2，当Q 1及Q 2均开通时，实线表示有电流经过，虚线表示无电流经过。在此种工作模态下，交流输入电源AC输入的交流正弦波转换为拱 波后为L in充电，I in上升，D 5、D 6、D 8关断，D 7开通，C 2通过D 7向C 3放电； Mode 1: Refer to Figure 2, when both Q 1 and Q 2 are turned on, the solid line indicates that there is current passing through, and the dotted line indicates that there is no current passing through. In this working mode, the AC sine wave input by the AC input power supply is converted into an arch wave and then charges L in , I in rises, D 5 , D 6 , and D 8 are turned off, D 7 is turned on, and C 2 passes through D 7 discharge to C 3 ;
模态二：参见图3，当Q 1开通，Q 2关断时，实线表示有电流经过，虚线表示无电流经过。交流输入电源AC与L in、第一飞电容C 1串联后通过D 6向第二飞电容C 2充电，同时交流输入电源AC与L in、第三飞电容C 3串联后向电容C 4充电，同时通过D 8为R out提供能量，L in处于充电状态，I in逐渐上升； Mode 2: Refer to Figure 3, when Q1 is on and Q2 is off, the solid line indicates that there is current passing through, and the dotted line indicates that there is no current passing through. The AC input power supply AC is connected in series with L in and the first flying capacitor C1 to charge the second flying capacitor C2 through D6 , and at the same time, the AC input power supply AC is connected in series with Lin and the third flying capacitor C3 to charge the capacitor C4 , at the same time provide energy for R out through D 8 , L in is in a charging state, and I in gradually rises;
模态三：参见图4，当Q 1关断，Q 2开通时，实线表示有电流经过，虚线表示无电流经过。交流输入电源AC与L in串联后向C 1充电，C 2通过D 7向C 3放电并通过D 8为电容C 4充电，L in所储存的能量转移至电容C 1中，I in电流下降； Mode 3: Refer to Figure 4, when Q1 is off and Q2 is on, the solid line indicates that there is current passing through, and the dotted line indicates that there is no current passing through. AC input power supply AC and L in are connected in series to charge C 1 , C 2 discharges to C 3 through D 7 and charges capacitor C 4 through D 8 , the energy stored in L in is transferred to capacitor C 1 , and the current of I in drops ;
模态四：参加图5，当Q 1以及Q 2均关断时，实线代表有电流经过，虚线代表无电流经过。在此种工作模态下，交流输入电源AC经整流桥整流后与输入电感L in串联，通过二极管D 5，二极管D 6为第二飞电容C 2充电，二极管D 7，二极管D 8关断，电容C 4为输出电阻R out提供能量。 Mode 4: Referring to Figure 5, when both Q 1 and Q 2 are turned off, the solid line represents current passing, and the dotted line represents no current passing. In this working mode, the AC input power supply AC is rectified by the rectifier bridge and connected in series with the input inductance L in , through the diode D 5 , the diode D 6 charges the second flying capacitor C 2 , and the diode D 7 and the diode D 8 are turned off , Capacitor C 4 provides energy for the output resistor R out .
参见图6，第一PWM信号发生器包括第一运算放大电路、乘法器、第二运算放大电路、第三运算放大电路，第一运算放大电路的正端输入为参考电压V ref，第一运算放大电路的负端输入为输出单元3侧的输出电压V c4，第一运算放大电路设有输入电阻Z 1及电阻Z 2，第一运算放大电路的负端分别连接Z 1的一端及Z 2的一端，Z 1的另一端连接输出单元的输出电压V c4，Z 2的另一端连接第一运算放大电路的输出端； Referring to Fig. 6, the first PWM signal generator includes a first operational amplifier circuit, a multiplier, a second operational amplifier circuit, and a third operational amplifier circuit. The positive terminal input of the first operational amplifier circuit is a reference voltage V ref , and the first operational amplifier circuit The negative terminal input of the amplifying circuit is the output voltage V c4 of the output unit 3 side, the first operational amplifier circuit is provided with an input resistor Z 1 and a resistor Z 2 , and the negative terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit is respectively connected to one end of Z 1 and Z 2 One end of Z1 , the other end of Z1 is connected to the output voltage Vc4 of the output unit, and the other end of Z2 is connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier circuit;
第一运算放大电路的输出端连接乘法器的第一输入端，乘法器的第二输入端输入单位拱波|sinwx|，乘法器的输出端连接第二运算放大电路的正端，第二运算放大电路的负端输入I in，第二运算放大电路的输出端连接第三运算放大电路的正端，第三运算放大电路的负端输入为锯齿波，第三运算放大电路的输出端输出第一PWM信号P 1，P 1的产生不需要考虑开关管的死区，便于在实现功率因数校正的同时，实现宽范围的电压输出。 The output terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit is connected to the first input terminal of the multiplier, the second input terminal of the multiplier inputs the unit arch wave |sinwx|, the output terminal of the multiplier is connected to the positive terminal of the second operational amplifier circuit, and the second operation The negative terminal of the amplifying circuit inputs I in , the output terminal of the second operational amplifier circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the third operational amplifier circuit, the negative terminal input of the third operational amplifier circuit is a sawtooth wave, and the output terminal of the third operational amplifier circuit outputs the first The generation of a PWM signal P 1 , P 1 does not need to consider the dead zone of the switch tube, which facilitates the realization of a wide range of voltage output while realizing power factor correction.
参见图7，第二PWM信号发生器包括第四放大电路、与门电路、非门电路、或门电路；第四放大电路的正端输入为恒定直流电压V DC，第四放大电路的负端输入为锯齿波，第四放大电路的输出端输出占空比恒定的PWM信号P 11，P 11与P 1均输入至与门电路，同时P 1输入至非门电路，非门电路的输出、与门电路的输出共同作为或门电路的输入，或门电路输出第二PWM信号S 2，S 2的产生不需要考虑开关管的死区，便于在实现功率因数校正的同时，实现宽范围的电压输出。 Referring to Fig. 7, the second PWM signal generator includes a fourth amplifying circuit, an AND gate circuit, a NOT gate circuit, and an OR gate circuit; the positive terminal input of the fourth amplifying circuit is a constant DC voltage V DC , and the negative terminal of the fourth amplifying circuit The input is a sawtooth wave, and the output terminal of the fourth amplifying circuit outputs a PWM signal P 11 with a constant duty ratio. Both P 11 and P 1 are input to the AND gate circuit, and at the same time, P 1 is input to the NOT gate circuit. The output of the NOT gate circuit, The output of the AND gate circuit is used as the input of the OR gate circuit, and the OR gate circuit outputs the second PWM signal S 2 . The generation of S 2 does not need to consider the dead zone of the switch tube, which is convenient for realizing a wide range of power factor correction at the same time. voltage output.
结合图6及图7，采用平均电流控制与门电路结合的方式生成P 1及S 2，控制升压电路实现功率因数校正及输出电压控制，整体控制效果是使电感电流波形跟随整流后的拱波波形以提高功率因数，并在APFC的基础上通过控制四种工作模态在整个周期的占空比实现对输出电压的调控。 Combined with Figure 6 and Figure 7, P 1 and S 2 are generated by combining the average current control and the gate circuit, and the boost circuit is controlled to achieve power factor correction and output voltage control. The overall control effect is to make the inductor current waveform follow the rectified arch The wave waveform is used to improve the power factor, and the output voltage is regulated by controlling the duty cycle of the four working modes in the whole cycle on the basis of APFC.
由于升压电路的第一开关管Q 1、第二开关管Q 2都开通或第一开关管Q 1开通，第二开关管Q 2关断时，电感电流I in均为上升状态；升压电路第一开关管Q 1，第二开关管Q 2都关断，或第一开关管Q 1关断，第二开关管Q 2开通时，电感电流I in均为下降状态，则第一PWM信号P 1为高电平时，升压电路应工作在第一开关管Q 1，第二开关管Q 2都开通或第一开关管Q 1开通，第二开关管Q 2关断这两种工作模态，第一PWM信号P 1为低电平时，升压电路应工作在开关管Q 1，Q 2都关断，或第一开关管Q 1关断，第二开关管Q 2开通这两种工作状态。由于开关电容变换器工作时只需工作在Q 1关断，Q 2开通以及Q 1开通，Q 2关断这两种工作模态，为了简化控制，可在第一PWM信号P 1为低电平时，仅控制电路工作在Q 1关断，Q 2开通此种工作模态。 Since both the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 of the boost circuit are turned on or the first switch tube Q1 is turned on and the second switch tube Q2 is turned off, the inductor current I in is in a rising state; In the circuit, both the first switching tube Q 1 and the second switching tube Q 2 are turned off, or when the first switching tube Q 1 is turned off and the second switching tube Q 2 is turned on, the inductor current I in is in a falling state, then the first PWM When the signal P 1 is at a high level, the booster circuit should work in both the first switching tube Q 1 and the second switching tube Q 2 on or the first switching tube Q 1 on and the second switching tube Q 2 off. Mode, when the first PWM signal P 1 is at low level, the boost circuit should work when the switching tubes Q 1 and Q 2 are both off, or the first switching tube Q 1 is off and the second switching tube Q 2 is on. a working state. Since the switched capacitor converter only needs to work in the two working modes when Q1 is off, Q2 is on, and Q1 is on, Q2 is off. In order to simplify the control, the first PWM signal P1 can be low-voltage Usually, only the control circuit works when Q1 is turned off and Q2 is turned on.
对于APFC与升压的实现：For the implementation of APFC with boost:
给定升压电路的平均电流值，调节P 1为高电平，S 2为高电平，Q 1及Q 2均处于开通模态，L in的电流I in上升，当I in大于平均电流值时，调节P 1为低电平，S 2为高电平，Q 1关断、Q 2开通，I in下降，当I in小于平均电流值时，调节P 1为高电平，S 2为高电平，Q 1及Q 2均开通，I in上升，使得L in的电感电流跟随平均电流值变化，实现有源功率因数校正； Given the average current value of the boost circuit, adjust P 1 to be high level, S 2 to be high level, both Q 1 and Q 2 are in the open mode, the current I in of L in rises, when I in is greater than the average current value, adjust P 1 to low level, S 2 to high level, Q 1 off, Q 2 on, I in drops, when I in is less than the average current value, adjust P 1 to high level, S 2 is high level, both Q 1 and Q 2 are turned on, and I in rises, so that the inductor current of L in follows the average current value and realizes active power factor correction;
调节P 1及S 2的电平高、低状态的逻辑函数表达式为： The logic function expression for adjusting the high and low states of P 1 and S 2 is:
P 1＝P 1 P 1 =P 1
Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-000001
其中，P 11表示占空比恒定的PWM信号，
Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-000002
表示P 1信号取“非”。 Among them, P 11 represents a PWM signal with a constant duty cycle,
Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-000002
Indicates that the P 1 signal is "not".
P 1为低电平，S 2为高电平时，Q 1关断，Q 2开通，C 1存储电能，C 2和C 3的电压保持相同； When P 1 is at low level and S 2 is at high level, Q 1 is turned off, Q 2 is turned on, C 1 stores electric energy, and the voltages of C 2 and C 3 remain the same;
调节P 1为高电平，S 2为低电平，Q 1开通，Q 2关断模态，电源输入转换单元、C 1均释放能量为C 2充电，输出电压升高，此时完成升压功能。 Adjust P 1 to be high level, S 2 to be low level, Q 1 is turned on, Q 2 is in the off mode, the power input conversion unit and C 1 release energy to charge C 2 , the output voltage rises, and the rise is completed at this time pressure function.
调节第一PWM信号P 1及第二PWM信号S 2的电平高、低状态的逻辑函数表达式为： The logic function expression for adjusting the high and low states of the first PWM signal P1 and the second PWM signal S2 is:
P 1＝P 1 P 1 =P 1
Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-000003
其中，S 2表示第二PWM信号，P 1表示第一PWM信号，P 11表示占空比恒定的PWM信号，
Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-000004
表示第一PWM信号取“非”。 Among them, S 2 represents the second PWM signal, P 1 represents the first PWM signal, P 11 represents the PWM signal with a constant duty cycle,
Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-000004
Indicates that the first PWM signal is "not".
下面结合具体的仿真，对本发明实施例1中提出的电路的升压有效性进行进一步验证，具体参见图8～图13，元件参数根据具体情况设置，如交流输入电源AC的输入电压值、C 1、C 2、C 3、C 4及输出电阻的值等。 In the following, combined with specific simulations, the boosting effectiveness of the circuit proposed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is further verified. Refer to Figures 8 to 13 for details. The component parameters are set according to specific conditions, such as the input voltage value of the AC input power supply, C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 and the value of the output resistance, etc.
其中，每一个附图中的横坐标为周期，纵坐标表示电压大小，每一个附图中自上而下依次为输入电压、C 1的电压V c1、C 4的电压V c4。 Wherein, the abscissa in each figure is the period, and the ordinate represents the voltage, and each figure is the input voltage, the voltage V c1 of C 1 , and the voltage V c4 of C 4 from top to bottom.
图8与图9表示在输入电压为220V，输出电压为700V时，负载500Ω与250Ω下的仿真，此时输出电压相同，负载不同；在图8中，此时输入电压为220V交流电，设置参考电压为700V，输出电压平均值为699V，负载为500Ω，平均输入电流为5.51A，功率因数为0.99，功率为980W。在图9中，此时输入电压为220V交流电，设置参考电压为700V，输出电压平均值为699V，负载为250Ω，平均输入电流为11.40A，功率因数为0.99，功率为1960WFigure 8 and Figure 9 show the simulation under the load of 500Ω and 250Ω when the input voltage is 220V and the output voltage is 700V. At this time, the output voltage is the same and the load is different; The voltage is 700V, the average output voltage is 699V, the load is 500Ω, the average input current is 5.51A, the power factor is 0.99, and the power is 980W. In Figure 9, the input voltage is 220V AC at this time, the set reference voltage is 700V, the average output voltage is 699V, the load is 250Ω, the average input current is 11.40A, the power factor is 0.99, and the power is 1960W
图10与图11表示在输入电压为220V，输出电压为1000V时，负载500Ω与250Ω下的仿真，此时输出电压相同，负载不同；图10中，输入电压为220V交流电，设置参考电压为1000V，输出电压平均值为997V，负载为500Ω，平均输入电流为11.50A，功率因数为0.99，功率为2000W；图11中，此时输入电压为220V交流电，设置参考电压为1000V，输出电压平均值为997V，负载为500Ω，平均输入电流为11.50A，功率因数为0.99，功率为2000W。Figure 10 and Figure 11 show the simulation under the load of 500Ω and 250Ω when the input voltage is 220V and the output voltage is 1000V. At this time, the output voltage is the same and the load is different; in Figure 10, the input voltage is 220V AC, and the reference voltage is set to 1000V , the average output voltage is 997V, the load is 500Ω, the average input current is 11.50A, the power factor is 0.99, and the power is 2000W; in Figure 11, the input voltage is 220V AC at this time, the reference voltage is set to 1000V, and the average output voltage It is 997V, the load is 500Ω, the average input current is 11.50A, the power factor is 0.99, and the power is 2000W.
图12与图13表示在输入电压为220V，输出电压为1500V负载500Ω与250Ω下的仿真，此时输出电压相同，负载不同；图12中，输入电压为220V交流电，设置参考电压为1500V，输出电压平均值为1490V，负载为500Ω，平均输入电流为25.20A，功率因数为0.984，功率为4500W；图13中，输入电压为220V交流电，设置参考电压为1500V，输出电压平均值为1483V，负载为250Ω，平均输入电流为48.00A，功率因数为0.99，功率为9000W。Figure 12 and Figure 13 show the simulation under the input voltage of 220V, the output voltage of 1500V and the load of 500Ω and 250Ω. At this time, the output voltage is the same and the load is different; The average voltage is 1490V, the load is 500Ω, the average input current is 25.20A, the power factor is 0.984, and the power is 4500W; in Figure 13, the input voltage is 220V AC, the set reference voltage is 1500V, the average output voltage is 1483V, and the load It is 250Ω, the average input current is 48.00A, the power factor is 0.99, and the power is 9000W.
图8、图10、图12表示在输入电压为220V，负载500Ω时，不同输出电压电压下的仿真对比；Figure 8, Figure 10, and Figure 12 show the simulation comparison under different output voltages when the input voltage is 220V and the load is 500Ω;
图9、图11、图13表示在输入电压为220V，负载250Ω时，不同输出电压 电压下的仿真对比；Figure 9, Figure 11, and Figure 13 show the simulation comparison under different output voltages when the input voltage is 220V and the load is 250Ω;
综合图8～图13，在输入电压先升高一些前提下，到达一个中间程度Vc1，输入电压和Vc1电压串联将第二飞电容C 2电压Vc2及第二飞电容C 3电压Vc3升高，最后输入电压与电容C3串联为C4供电，使C4上的电压，也即输出电压为最高值。 Combining Figures 8 to 13, on the premise that the input voltage is increased first, it reaches an intermediate level Vc1, and the input voltage and the voltage of Vc1 are connected in series to increase the voltage Vc2 of the second flying capacitor C2 and the voltage Vc3 of the second flying capacitor C3 , Finally, the input voltage is connected in series with the capacitor C3 to supply power to C4, so that the voltage on C4, that is, the output voltage is at the highest value.
实施例3：Example 3:
与实施实例2相类似，不同之处在于：Similar to Example 2, the difference is:
对升压电路的输出电压及电感电流进行检测采样，获取采样后的输出电压及电感电流；Detect and sample the output voltage and inductor current of the boost circuit, and obtain the sampled output voltage and inductor current;
将参考电压输入第一运算放大电路的正端，将输出电压输入第一运算放大电路的负端，经第一运算放大器运算，并通过PI补偿得到实际输出电压与参考电压的误差a；Inputting the reference voltage into the positive terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit, inputting the output voltage into the negative terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit, performing operation through the first operational amplifier, and obtaining an error a between the actual output voltage and the reference voltage through PI compensation;
将误差a及单位拱波输入乘法器得到含有输出电压与参考电压误差信息的拱波作为电流跟踪信号，电流电流跟踪信号输入第二运算放大电路的正端，电感电流输入第二运算放大电路的负端，得到电感电流与电流跟踪信号的误差b；当采样输入电流Iin信号小于电流跟踪信号时，第一PWM信号P 1输出为高电平，此时代表同时开通第一开关管Q 1与第二开关管Q 2或只开通第一开关管Q 1，低电平时代表关断第一开关管Q 1，开通第二开关管Q 2。 The error a and the unit arch wave are input to the multiplier to obtain the arch wave containing the error information of the output voltage and the reference voltage as the current tracking signal, the current current tracking signal is input to the positive terminal of the second operational amplifier circuit, and the inductor current is input to the second operational amplifier circuit. Negative terminal, the error b between the inductor current and the current tracking signal is obtained; when the sampling input current Iin signal is smaller than the current tracking signal, the output of the first PWM signal P1 is high level, which means that the first switching tube Q1 and the first switching tube Q1 are turned on at the same time The second switching tube Q 2 or only the first switching tube Q 1 is turned on, and the low level means that the first switching tube Q 1 is turned off and the second switching tube Q 2 is turned on.
将误差b输入第三运算放大电路的正端，设定第一锯齿波的幅值和频率，在本实施例中，设置幅值为1V，频率为100Khz，将第一锯齿波输入第三运算放大电路的负端，得到与第一锯齿波同频率100Khz的第一PWM信号P 1； Input the error b into the positive end of the third operational amplifier circuit, set the amplitude and frequency of the first sawtooth wave, in this embodiment, set the amplitude to 1V, and the frequency to 100Khz, and input the first sawtooth wave to the third operation Amplify the negative terminal of the circuit to obtain the first PWM signal P 1 with the same frequency as the first sawtooth wave of 100Khz;
引入一恒定直流电压V DC，将其输入第四放大电路的正端，设置第二锯齿波的幅值和频率，将第二锯齿波输入第四放大电路的负端，第四放大电路输出占空比恒定的PWM信号P 11； Introduce a constant DC voltage V DC , input it to the positive terminal of the fourth amplifying circuit, set the amplitude and frequency of the second sawtooth wave, input the second sawtooth wave to the negative terminal of the fourth amplifying circuit, the output of the fourth amplifying circuit occupies PWM signal P 11 with constant duty ratio;
占空比恒定的PWM信号P 11与第一PWM信号P 1输入至与门电路，同时第一PWM信号P 1输入至非门电路，非门电路的输出、与门电路的输出共同作为或门电路的输入，或门电路输出第二PWM信号S 2。 The PWM signal P11 with a constant duty cycle and the first PWM signal P1 are input to the AND gate circuit, and the first PWM signal P1 is input to the NOT gate circuit, and the output of the NOT gate circuit and the output of the AND gate circuit are jointly used as an OR gate The input of the circuit, and the OR gate circuit outputs the second PWM signal S 2 .
附图中描述位置关系的用于仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；The positional relationship described in the drawings is only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as a limitation to this patent;
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的 基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above description, other changes or changes in different forms can also be made. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. All modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路，其特征在于，包括：电源输入转换单元、输入电感L in、第一开关管Q 1、第二开关管Q 2、开关电容变换器单元、输出单元、第一PWM信号发生器、第二PWM信号发生器及模态分配单元；电源输入变换单元的一端连接输入电感L in的输入端，输入电感L in的输出端分别连接Q1的第一端及开关电容变换器单元的第一输入端，Q1的第二端分别连接Q2的第一端及开关电容变换器单元的第二输入端，Q2的第二端连接电源输入变换单元的另一端，开关电容变换器单元的第一输出端连接输出单元的一端，输出单元的另一端及开关电容变换器单元的第二输出端均与Q2的第二端连接； A boost circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter, characterized in that it includes: a power input conversion unit, an input inductance L in , a first switching tube Q 1 , a second switching tube Q 2 , a switched capacitor converter unit, The output unit, the first PWM signal generator, the second PWM signal generator and the mode distribution unit; one end of the power input conversion unit is connected to the input end of the input inductance L in , and the output end of the input inductance L in is respectively connected to the first of Q1 end and the first input end of the switched capacitor converter unit, the second end of Q1 is respectively connected to the first end of Q2 and the second input end of the switched capacitor converter unit, and the second end of Q2 is connected to the other end of the power input conversion unit , the first output end of the switched capacitor converter unit is connected to one end of the output unit, and the other end of the output unit and the second output end of the switched capacitor converter unit are connected to the second end of Q2;
    模态分配单元根据APFC及升压要求，向第一PWM信号发生器及第二PWM信号发生器发出Q1、Q2的模态分配指示，第一PWM信号发生器根据模态分配指示产生第一PWM信号P 1，其输出端连接第一开关管Q1的第三端，控制Q1的导通状态，第二PWM信号发生器根据模态分配指示产生第二PWM信号S 2，其输出端连接Q2的第三端，控制Q2的导通状态。 The mode distribution unit sends Q1 and Q2 mode distribution instructions to the first PWM signal generator and the second PWM signal generator according to the APFC and boost requirements, and the first PWM signal generator generates the first PWM according to the mode distribution instructions. Signal P 1 , whose output end is connected to the third end of the first switching tube Q1, controls the conduction state of Q1, and the second PWM signal generator generates a second PWM signal S 2 according to the mode allocation instruction, and whose output end is connected to the Q2 The third terminal controls the conduction state of Q2.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路，其特征在于，电源输入转换单元包括：交流输入电源AC及整流桥，整流桥包括二极管D 1、二极管D 2、二极管D 3、二极管D 4，二极管D 1的阳极分别连接交流输入电源AC的一端及D 4的阴极，D 1的阴极分别与D 2的阴极及L in的输入端连接，D 2的阳极分别连接交流输入电源AC的另一端及D 3的阴极，D 3的阳极分别连接Q2的第二端，整流桥将交流输入电源AC输入的交流正弦波转换为拱波。 The step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter according to claim 1, wherein the power input conversion unit includes: AC input power supply AC and a rectifier bridge, and the rectifier bridge includes diode D 1 , diode D 2 , diode D 3. Diode D4 , the anode of diode D1 is respectively connected to one end of AC input power supply AC and the cathode of D4 , the cathode of D1 is connected to the cathode of D2 and the input end of Lin respectively, and the anode of D2 is connected to AC The other end of the input power supply AC and the cathode of D3 , and the anode of D3 are respectively connected to the second end of Q2, and the rectifier bridge converts the AC sine wave input by the AC input power supply AC into an arch wave.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路，其特征在于，开关电容变换器单元包括二极管D 5、二极管D 6、二极管D 7、二极管D 8、第一飞电容C 1、第二飞电容C 2及第三飞电容C 3；开关电容变换器单元的二极管D 5的阳极作为开关电容变换器单元的第一输入端，连接Q1的第一端；D 5的阴极分别连接D 6的阳极及第一飞电容C 1的一端，第一飞电容C 1的另一端作为开关电容变换器单元的第二输入端，分别连接Q1的第二端、Q1的第一端及C 3的一端，D 6的阴极分别连接C 2的一端及D 7的阳极，D 7的阴极分别连接C 3的一端及D 8的阳极，D 8的阴极作为开关电容变换器单元的第一输出端连接输出单元的一端，C 2的另一端作为开关电容变换器单元的第二输出端分别连接输出单元的 另一端及Q2的第二端； The step-up circuit integrating APFC and switched capacitor converter according to claim 2, wherein the switched capacitor converter unit includes diode D5 , diode D6 , diode D7 , diode D8 , and a first flying capacitor C 1. The second flying capacitor C2 and the third flying capacitor C3 ; the anode of the diode D5 of the switched capacitor converter unit is used as the first input terminal of the switched capacitor converter unit, connected to the first end of Q1; the cathode of D5 Respectively connect the anode of D6 and one end of the first flying capacitor C1 , the other end of the first flying capacitor C1 is used as the second input end of the switched capacitor converter unit, respectively connected to the second end of Q1 and the first end of Q1 and one end of C3 , the cathode of D6 is respectively connected to one end of C2 and the anode of D7 , the cathode of D7 is respectively connected to one end of C3 and the anode of D8 , and the cathode of D8 is used as the first switch capacitor converter unit One output end is connected to one end of the output unit, and the other end of C2 is used as the second output end of the switched capacitor converter unit to connect the other end of the output unit and the second end of Q2 respectively;
    输出单元包括电容C 4及输出电阻R out，C 4与R out并联连接。 The output unit includes a capacitor C 4 and an output resistor R out , and C 4 and R out are connected in parallel.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路，其特征在于，当Q 1及Q 2均开通时，交流输入电源AC输入的交流正弦波转换为拱波后为输入电感L in充电，电感电流I in上升，D 5、D 6、D 8关断，D 7开通，C 2通过D 7向C 3放电； The step-up circuit of integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter according to claim 3 is characterized in that, when Q 1 and Q 2 are all turned on, the AC sine wave input by the AC input power supply AC is converted into an arch wave and then becomes the input inductance L in is charged, the inductor current I in rises, D 5 , D 6 , and D 8 are turned off, D 7 is turned on, and C 2 discharges to C 3 through D 7 ;
    当Q 1开通，Q 2关断时，交流输入电源AC与L in、C 1串联后通过D 6向C 2充电，同时交流输入电源AC与L in、C 3串联后向C 4充电，通过D 8为R out提供能量，L in处于充电状态，I in逐渐上升； When Q 1 is turned on and Q 2 is turned off, the AC input power AC is connected in series with L in and C 1 to charge C 2 through D 6 , and at the same time, the AC input power AC is connected in series with L in and C 3 to charge C 4 through D 8 provides energy for R out , L in is in a charging state, and I in rises gradually;
    当Q 1关断，Q 2开通时，交流输入电源AC与L in串联后向C 1充电，C 2通过D 7向C 3放电并通过D 8为C 4充电，L in所储存的能量转移至C 1中，I in下降； When Q1 is turned off and Q2 is turned on, the AC input power supply AC and L in are connected in series to charge C1 , C2 discharges to C3 through D7 and charges C4 through D8 , the energy stored in L in is transferred To C 1 , I in drops;
    当Q 1以及Q 2均关断时，交流输入电源AC经整流桥整流后与L in串联，通过D 5、D 6为C 2充电，D 7、D 8关断，C 4为R out提供能量。 When both Q 1 and Q 2 are turned off, the AC input power supply AC is rectified by the rectifier bridge and connected in series with L in , charging C 2 through D 5 and D 6 , D 7 and D 8 are turned off, and C 4 provides R out energy.
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路，其特征在于，第一PWM信号发生器包括第一运算放大电路、乘法器、第二运算放大电路、第三运算放大电路，第一运算放大电路的正端输入为参考电压V ref，第一运算放大电路的负端输入为输出单元侧的输出电压V c4，第一运算放大电路设有输入电阻Z 1及电阻Z 2，第一运算放大电路的负端分别连接Z 1的一端及Z 2的一端，Z 1的另一端连接V c4，Z 2的另一端连接第一运算放大电路的输出端； The step-up circuit of integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter according to claim 3, wherein the first PWM signal generator comprises a first operational amplifier circuit, a multiplier, a second operational amplifier circuit, and a third operational amplifier circuit , the positive terminal input of the first operational amplifier circuit is the reference voltage V ref , the negative terminal input of the first operational amplifier circuit is the output voltage V c4 of the output unit side, and the first operational amplifier circuit is provided with an input resistor Z 1 and a resistor Z 2 , the negative end of the first operational amplifier circuit is respectively connected to one end of Z1 and one end of Z2 , the other end of Z1 is connected to Vc4 , and the other end of Z2 is connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier circuit;
    第一运算放大电路的输出端连接乘法器的第一输入端，乘法器的第二输入端输入单位拱波|sinwx|，乘法器的输出端连接第二运算放大电路的正端，第二运算放大电路的负端输入I in，第二运算放大电路的输出端连接第三运算放大电路的正端，第三运算放大电路的负端输入为锯齿波，第三运算放大电路的输出端输出第一PWM信号P 1。 The output terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit is connected to the first input terminal of the multiplier, the second input terminal of the multiplier inputs the unit arch wave |sinwx|, the output terminal of the multiplier is connected to the positive terminal of the second operational amplifier circuit, and the second operation The negative terminal of the amplifying circuit inputs I in , the output terminal of the second operational amplifier circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the third operational amplifier circuit, the negative terminal input of the third operational amplifier circuit is a sawtooth wave, and the output terminal of the third operational amplifier circuit outputs the first a PWM signal P 1 .
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路，其特征在于，第二PWM信号发生器包括第四放大电路、与门电路、非门电路、或门电路；第四放大电路的正端输入为恒定直流电压V DC，第四放大电路的负端输入为锯齿波，第四放大电路的输出端输出占空比恒定的PWM信号P 11，P 11与P 1均输入至与门电路，同时P 1输入至非门电路，非门电路的输出、与门电路的输出共同作为或门电路的输入，或门电路输出第二PWM信号S 2。 The step-up circuit of integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter according to claim 5, wherein the second PWM signal generator comprises a fourth amplifying circuit, an AND gate circuit, a NOT gate circuit, or an OR gate circuit; the fourth amplifying The input of the positive terminal of the circuit is a constant DC voltage V DC , the input of the negative terminal of the fourth amplifying circuit is a sawtooth wave, the output terminal of the fourth amplifying circuit outputs a PWM signal P 11 with a constant duty cycle, and both P 11 and P 1 are input to The AND gate circuit, while P 1 is input to the NOT gate circuit, the output of the NOT gate circuit and the output of the AND gate circuit are used as the input of the OR gate circuit, and the OR gate circuit outputs the second PWM signal S 2 .
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路，其特征在于，给定升压电路的平均电流值，调节P 1为高电平，S 2为高电平，Q 1及Q 2均处于开通模态，L in的I in上升，当I in大于平均电流值时，调节P 1为低电平，S 2为高电平，Q 1处于关断、Q 2处于开通模态，I in下降，当I in小于平均电流值时，调节P 1为高电平，S 2为高电平，QQ 2均处于开通模态，I in上升，使得输入L in的电流跟随平均电流值变化，实现有源功率因数校正； The step-up circuit of integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter according to claim 6, characterized in that, given the average current value of the step-up circuit, adjusting P1 is high level, S2 is high level, Q1 And Q 2 are in the open mode, the I in of L in rises, when I in is greater than the average current value, adjust P 1 to low level, S 2 to high level , Q 1 is off, Q 2 is on Mode, I in falls, when I in is less than the average current value, adjust P 1 to high level, S 2 to high level, QQ 2 is in the open mode, I in rises, so that the current of input L in follows The average current value changes to realize active power factor correction;
    调节P 1及S 2的电平高、低状态的逻辑函数表达式为： The logic function expression for adjusting the high and low states of P 1 and S 2 is:
    P 1＝P 1 P 1 =P 1
    Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-100001
    其中，P 11表示占空比恒定的PWM信号，
    Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-100002
    表示P 1取“非”。     Among them, P 11 represents a PWM signal with a constant duty cycle,
    Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-100002
    Indicates that P 1 takes "not".
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路，其特征在于，调节P 1为高电平，S 2为低电平，Q 1开通，Q 2关断模态，电源输入转换单元、C 1均释放能量为C 2充电，输出电压升高。 The step-up circuit of integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter according to claim 7, characterized in that, adjusting P 1 is high level, S 2 is low level, Q 1 is turned on, Q 2 is turned off mode, and the power supply Both the input conversion unit and C1 release energy to charge C2 , and the output voltage rises.
  9. 一种集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法用于控制权利要求1所述的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路，包括：A method for controlling a boost circuit of an integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter, wherein the method is used to control the boost circuit of the integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter according to claim 1, comprising:
    模态分配单元接收用户下发的有源功率因数校正及升压要求，向第一PWM信号发生器及第二PWM信号发生器发出第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2的模态分配指示；The mode allocation unit receives the active power factor correction and boosting requirements issued by the user, and sends the mode allocation instructions of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 to the first PWM signal generator and the second PWM signal generator ;
    根据模态分配指示，利用第一PWM信号发生器产生P 1，利用第二PWM信号发生器产生S 2； According to the modal allocation instruction, use the first PWM signal generator to generate P 1 , and use the second PWM signal generator to generate S 2 ;
    将P 1输入Q1的第三端，将S 2输入Q2的第三端； Input P 1 into the third terminal of Q1, and input S 2 into the third terminal of Q2;
    在电源输入转换单元的输入电压上升时，调节P 1为高电平，S 2为高电平，使Q 1及Q 2均处于开通模态； When the input voltage of the power input conversion unit rises, adjust P 1 to be high level, and S 2 to be high level, so that both Q 1 and Q 2 are in the open mode;
    在电源输入转换单元的输入电压下降时，调节P 1为低电平，S 2为高电平，Q 1处于关断、Q 2处于开通模态； When the input voltage of the power input conversion unit drops, adjust P 1 to be low level, S 2 to be high level, Q 1 to be off, and Q 2 to be in the on mode;
    在需要升高输出电压时，调节P 1为高电平，S 2为低电平，使Q 1处于开通、Q 2处于关断模态。 When it is necessary to increase the output voltage, adjust P1 to be high level and S2 to be low level, so that Q1 is turned on and Q2 is turned off.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的集成APFC与开关电容变换器的升压电路控制方法，其特征在于，调节P 1及S 2的电平高、低状态的逻辑函数表达式为： According to the step-up circuit control method of integrated APFC and switched capacitor converter according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, the logic function expression of adjusting the level high and low states of P1 and S2 is:
    P 1＝P 1 P 1 =P 1
    Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-100003
    其中，P 11表示占空比恒定的PWM信号，
    Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-100004
    表示P 1取“非”。     Among them, P 11 represents a PWM signal with a constant duty cycle,
    Figure PCTCN2021134392-appb-100004
    Indicates that P 1 takes "not".
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