WO2023056650A1

WO2023056650A1 - Charging/discharging protection apparatus and starting power-supply device

Info

Publication number: WO2023056650A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/122923
Authority: WO
Inventors: 雷云; 张智锋; 林建平
Original assignee: 深圳市华思旭科技有限公司
Priority date: 2021-10-09
Filing date: 2021-10-09
Publication date: 2023-04-13
Also published as: CN117941202A

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a charging/discharging protection apparatus and a starting power-supply device. The charging/discharging protection apparatus comprises a charging/discharging protection module and an over-discharging protection release unit, wherein the charging/discharging protection module is used for performing charging/discharging protection on an energy storage module, and the charging/discharging protection module comprises an over-discharging protection unit, and the over-discharging protection unit is used for enabling an over-discharging protection function when the energy storage module enters an over-discharge state, so as to prevent the energy storage module from outputting a discharging current; and the over-discharging protection release unit is connected to the over-discharging protection unit, and is used for releasing the over-discharging protection function of the over-discharging protection unit in response to the fact that a charging power supply is connected, such that a charging current provided by the charging power supply charges the energy storage module normally. The charging/discharging protection apparatus provided in the present application can automatically release, in response to the fact that the charging power supply is connected, the over-discharging protection function during the over-discharging protection function being enabled, such that the over-discharging protection unit can be prevented from being damaged when the charging power supply charges the energy storage module.

Description

Charge and discharge protection device and starting power supply equipment

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage products, in particular to a charging and discharging protection device and starting power supply equipment.

Background technique

In recent years, lithium batteries have been the battery of choice for various electronic devices. In order to ensure the normal and safe operation of lithium batteries, electronic devices usually set discharge MOS tubes between the battery module and the access terminals of external devices (such as chargers or discharge loads, etc.). , and control the on-off of the discharge MOS tube through the battery protection circuit. When the battery module enters the over-discharge state after being discharged, the battery protection circuit will activate the over-discharge protection function and disconnect the discharge MOS tube. At this time, if the electronic device is connected to the charger for charging, since the actual voltage of the battery module is lower than the over-discharge release voltage, the discharge MOS tube is still in the disconnected state, and the charging current will pass through the parasitic diode inside the disconnected discharge MOS tube To charge the battery module, when performing high-power fast charging, the large current flowing from the parasitic diode can easily cause the temperature of the discharge MOS tube to be too high and burn out the discharge MOS tube.

Contents of the invention

This application aims at the above-mentioned defect that charging the battery module is easy to burn out the discharge MOS tube when the battery protection circuit activates the over-discharge protection function, and provides a charge-discharge protection device and a starting power supply device. The charge-discharge protection device detects When a charging power source is connected, the over-discharge protection function of the over-discharge protection unit is automatically released, so that the charging current provided by the charging power source can normally charge the energy storage module, which can prevent the over-discharge protection unit from being damaged.

A first aspect of the present application provides a charge and discharge protection device, which includes a charge and discharge protection module and an over-discharge protection release unit. Wherein, the charge and discharge protection module is used to connect with the energy storage module, the charge and discharge protection module is used to perform charge and discharge protection on the energy storage module, the charge and discharge protection module includes an over-discharge protection unit, and the over-discharge The discharge protection unit is used to start the over-discharge protection function when the energy storage module enters the over-discharge state, so as to prevent the energy storage module from outputting discharge current. The over-discharge protection release unit is connected to the over-discharge protection unit, and the over-discharge protection release unit is used to respond to the charging power supply during the period when the over-discharge protection function is activated, and release the over-discharge protection unit. The over-discharge protection function enables the charging current provided by the charging power supply to charge the energy storage module normally.

A second aspect of the present application provides a starting power supply device, which includes an energy storage module and the charge and discharge protection device described in the first aspect above. Wherein, the charge and discharge protection device is used for connecting load equipment and/or charging power supply. The energy storage module is connected to the charge and discharge protection device, and the energy storage module is used to discharge the output of the load device connected to the charge and discharge protection device through the charge and discharge protection device, and is used to discharge the output of the load device connected to the charge and discharge protection device through the charge and discharge protection device The discharge protection device receives power from the charging power source to which the charge and discharge protection device is connected.

The charging and discharging protection device provided by the present application can respond to the access of the charging power supply during the period when the over-discharging protection function is activated, and automatically release the over-discharging protection function of the over-discharging protection unit, so that the charging current provided by the charging power supply can be normally supplied to the The energy storage module is charged, and the over-discharge protection unit can be prevented from being damaged when the charging power supply charges the energy storage module.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without making creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a charging and discharging protection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the charge and discharge protection module and the over-discharge protection release unit of the charge and discharge protection device in Fig. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the charging interface, the charging and discharging control circuit and the charging power detection module of the charging and discharging protection device in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a control module of the charge and discharge protection device in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a starting power supply device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Description of main component symbols

Charge and discharge protection device 100

Charge and discharge protection module 10

Over-discharge protection unit 101

Overcharge Protection Unit 102

Protection control unit 103

First connection end 110

Second connection end 120

Charge and discharge circuit 108

Over-discharge protection release unit 20

Control Module 30

Charging power detection module 40

Detection voltage input terminal 401

Detection signal output terminal 402

Voltage divider circuit 403

Resistors R17, R22, R41, R46, R32

Battery unit BT1, BT2, BT3, BT4

Inductance L1

Charging interface J1

Diode D1

Parasitic Diode D20

Capacitor C7

Voltage source VCC

Charge and discharge control circuit 50

Charge and discharge interface 60

Energy storage module 200

Charging power supply 300

Over-discharge protection switch Q20

Overcharge protection switch Q21

Switching element Q17

Battery protection chip U5

Microprocessor U7

Start the power supply unit 1000

The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present application in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Wherein, the accompanying drawings are used for illustrative purposes only, represent only schematic diagrams, and should not be construed as limitations on the present application. Apparently, the described implementations are only some, not all, embodiments of the present application. Based on the implementation manners in this application, all other implementation manners obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in the description of the present application is only for the purpose of describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the present application. In the following description, the use of suffixes such as 'module', 'part' or 'unit' for denoting elements is only for facilitating the description of the present application and has no specific meaning by itself. Therefore, 'module', 'part' or 'unit' may be used in combination.

Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a charge and discharge protection device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , the charge and discharge protection device 100 includes a charge and discharge protection module 10 and a charge and discharge interface 60 .

Wherein, the first end of the charge and discharge protection module 10 is used to connect with the energy storage module 200 , and the second end of the charge and discharge protection module 10 is connected to the charge and discharge interface 60 . The charging and discharging interface 60 is used for connecting the charging power source 300 or load equipment. In one embodiment, the charge and discharge protection device 100 can be applied to equipment (for example, starting power supply equipment) with the energy storage module 200, the energy storage module 200 includes but is not limited to lead-acid batteries, Lithium battery, super capacitor, etc. In another implementation manner, the charge and discharge protection device 100 may further include the energy storage module 200 .

It should be noted that the "connection" in this application includes the form of physical line connection and/or wireless connection between components to realize the transmission of electric energy. "Connection" in this application may include direct connection or indirect connection. Taking the charge and discharge protection module 10 connected to the charge and discharge interface 60 in the embodiment of the present application as an example, the charge and discharge protection module 10 can be directly connected to the charge and discharge interface 60, and the charge and discharge protection module 10 can also be The charging and discharging interface 60 is indirectly connected through other circuit modules (such as diodes, charging control circuits, and detection circuits), and any charging and discharging protection module 10 that does not affect the connection between the energy storage module 200 and the charging and discharging interface 60 Implementations of the transmission control are all within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

During charging, when the charging power source 300 is connected to the charging and discharging interface 60, the charging power source 300 can charge the energy storage module 200 through the charging and discharging circuit 108 (as shown in FIG. 2 ). When discharging, after the load device is connected to the charge-discharge interface 60 , the energy storage module 200 can discharge and output the load device through the charge-discharge circuit 108 .

During the discharge process, if the energy storage module 200 continues to discharge after its residual voltage is lower than the discharge cut-off voltage, the energy storage module 200 will be in an over-discharge state, and the over-discharge of the energy storage module 200 will bring the energy storage module 200 to serious consequences. Taking the energy storage module 200 as an example of a lithium battery, the voltage of the lithium battery will drop when it releases the electricity stored inside. When the voltage drops to the discharge cut-off voltage, if the lithium battery continues to discharge, it will cause over-discharge. Over-discharge will increase the internal pressure of the lithium battery and destroy the reversibility of the positive and negative active materials. There will be a noticeable attenuation.

In this embodiment, the charge and discharge protection module 10 is used to perform charge and discharge protection for the energy storage module 200 . Specifically, the charge and discharge protection module 10 includes an over-discharge protection unit 101, which is used to start the over-discharge protection function when the energy storage module 200 enters the over-discharge state, so as to prevent the energy storage from Module 200 outputs the discharge current. In this way, the energy storage module 200 can be prevented from being damaged by positive and negative active materials, capacity reduction, and service life shortening due to over-discharging during the discharge process.

In this embodiment, the circuit structure of the charging and discharging protection module 10 may adopt the circuit structure shown in FIG. 2 . The circuit structure and working principle of the charging and discharging protection module 10 will be introduced below with reference to FIG. 2 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the charging and discharging protection module 10 further includes a first connection terminal 110 and a second connection terminal 120 . The first connection end 110 is used to connect the energy storage module 200 , and the second connection end 120 is connected to the charging and discharging interface 60 . The over-discharge protection unit 101 includes an over-discharge protection switch Q20 , and the over-discharge protection switch Q20 is connected in series in the charging and discharging circuit 108 of the energy storage module 200 . It can also be understood here that the first connection terminal 110 , the over-discharge protection switch Q20 , the second connection terminal 120 and the charge-discharge interface 60 together constitute the charge-discharge circuit 108 of the energy storage module 200 . Exemplarily, assuming that the charge and discharge protection device 100 is applied to starting power equipment, and the load equipment is a vehicle battery or a vehicle engine, when the energy storage module 200 is connected to the In the charging and discharging protection device 100, and the load device is connected to the charging and discharging interface 60, the energy storage module 200 can pass through the first connecting terminal 110, the over-discharging protection switch Q20, the The charge-discharge circuit 108 jointly constituted by the second connection end 120 and the charge-discharge interface 60 discharges and outputs the load device, that is, provides starting power for the vehicle battery or the vehicle engine, which can also be understood as the The energy storage module 200 provides starting current to the vehicle engine. In this way, the vehicle can also be started when the battery of the vehicle is low. When the energy storage module 200 is connected to the charging and discharging protection device 100 through the first connection terminal 110, and the charging power supply 300 is connected to the charging and discharging interface 60, the charging power supply 300 can The energy storage module 200 is charged through the charging and discharging circuit 108 .

In the embodiment of the present application, the over-discharge protection switch Q20 is in an off state when the over-discharge protection function is activated, so as to prevent the energy storage module 200 from outputting a discharge current.

Further, the charging and discharging protection module 10 further includes a protection control unit 103 connected to the over-discharge protection switch Q20, and the protection control unit 103 is configured to, when detecting that the energy storage module 200 is in an over-discharge state, Outputting a first disconnection signal to disconnect the over-discharge protection switch Q20, so that the over-discharge protection function can be activated.

Exemplarily, the energy storage module 200 includes battery cell units BT4, BT3, BT2, and BT1 connected in series, and the protection control unit 103 includes a battery protection chip U5, and the battery protection chip U5 is also used to obtain Voltages of cells BT4, BT3, BT2 and BT1.

In this embodiment, the input pins VC1, VC2, VC3, and VC4 of the battery protection chip U5 are respectively connected to the positive poles of the battery cells BT4, BT3, BT2, and BT1 through resistors, so as to detect the Voltages of BT4, BT3, BT2 and BT1.

The over-discharge protection switch Q20 is a low-level turn-on transistor switch, and the first disconnection signal is a high-level signal. The first end 3 of the over-discharge protection switch Q20 is connected to the first connection end 110, the second end 2 of the over-discharge protection switch Q20 is connected to the second connection end 120, and the over-discharge protection switch Q20 The control terminal 1 is connected to the output pin DOP of the battery protection chip U5 through a resistor R46.

During the discharge process of the energy storage module 200, if the battery protection chip U5 detects that the voltage of any cell unit is lower than the first preset voltage threshold, for example, 2.5V, the battery protection chip U5 determines that The energy storage module 200 is in the over-discharge state, and starts the over-discharge protection function: output the first disconnection signal through the output pin DOP to disconnect the over-discharge protection switch Q20, thereby disconnecting the charge-discharge circuit 108. Make the energy storage module 200 stop discharging the load device.

It can be understood that if the battery protection chip U5 detects that the voltage of any cell unit is higher than the first preset voltage threshold, the battery protection chip U5 determines that the energy storage module 200 is not over-discharged. state. In some embodiments, if the battery protection chip U5 determines that the energy storage module 200 is in a non-over-discharge state and the charging and discharging current is normal, the battery protection chip U5 also outputs a first lead output through the output pin DOP. A signal is used to turn on the over-discharge protection switch Q20. Wherein, the first conduction signal is a low level signal.

In this embodiment, the over-discharge protection switch Q20 adopts a PMOS transistor. The first end 3 , the second end 2 , and the control end 1 of the over-discharge protection switch Q20 correspond one-to-one to the source, drain, and gate of the PMOS transistor. The over-discharge protection switch Q20 also includes a parasitic diode D20 whose conducting direction is the same as that of the charging current of the energy storage module 200 .

After the battery protection chip U5 starts the over-discharge protection function, since the over-discharge protection switch Q20 will remain in the off state, at this time, if the energy storage module 200 is charged, the over-discharge protection switch Q20 The conduction direction of the parasitic diode D20 of the Q20 is the same as that of the charging current of the energy storage module 200, therefore, the charging current will charge the energy storage module 200 through the parasitic diode D20 of the over-discharge protection switch Q20. As described in the background, when the charging current is large, the large current flowing through the parasitic diode can easily cause the temperature of the discharge MOS tube to be too high and burn out the discharge MOS tube, that is, burn out the over-discharge protection switch Q20.

To solve this technical problem, please refer to FIG. 1 again. In the embodiment of the present application, the charge and discharge protection device 100 also includes an over-discharge protection release unit 20 connected to the over-discharge protection unit 101. The over-discharge protection The releasing unit 20 is used for responding to the access of the charging power supply 300 during the period when the over-discharging protection function is activated, releasing the over-discharging protection function of the over-discharging protection unit 101, so that the charging current provided by the charging power supply 300 can be Charge the energy storage module 200 normally.

Specifically, please refer to FIG. 2 , the over-discharge protection release unit 20 is configured to respond to the charging power supply 300 during the period when the over-discharge protection function is activated, and turn on the over-discharge protection switch Q20 to release the over-discharge protection function. The over-discharge protection function enables the charging current provided by the charging power source 300 to charge the energy storage module 200 through the turned-on over-discharge protection switch Q20, thereby preventing the charging current from flowing through the over-discharge The parasitic diode D20 of the protection switch Q20 causes the temperature of the over-discharge protection switch Q20 to be too high and burn out.

Please refer to FIG. 1 again. In the embodiment of the present application, the charge and discharge protection device 100 further includes a control module 30 configured to output a control signal DOP_EN in response to the charging power source 300 being connected. The over-discharge protection release unit 20 is connected to the control module 30 and the over-discharge protection unit 101 respectively, and the over-discharge protection release unit 20 is used to receive and respond to the control signal DOP_EN to release the over-discharge protection The over-discharge protection function of unit 101.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the over-discharge protection release unit 20 is connected to the over-discharge protection switch Q20, and the over-discharge protection release unit 20 is used to receive and respond to the control signal DOP_EN, and turn on the The over-discharge protection switch Q20 is used to release the over-discharge protection function of the over-discharge protection unit 101 .

Specifically, the over-discharge protection release unit 20 includes a switch element Q17, the switch element Q17 is connected between the control terminal 1 and the ground terminal of the over-discharge protection switch Q20, and the switch element Q17 is also connected to the control The module 30 is connected, and the switching element Q17 is used for conducting in response to the control signal DOP_EN, so that the control terminal 1 of the over-discharge protection switch Q20 is connected to the ground terminal through the conducting switching element Q17, thereby The over-discharge protection switch Q20 is turned on.

Exemplarily, the switching element Q17 is a transistor switch, the first end 3 of the switching element Q17 is connected to the control end 1 of the over-discharge protection switch Q20 through a resistor R32, and the second end 2 of the switching element Q17 is The ground terminal is connected, and the control terminal 1 of the switch element Q17 is connected to the control module 30 . When the charging power source 300 is charging the energy storage module 200 , the control module 30 outputs the control signal DOP_EN in response to the charging power source 300 being connected. The switching element Q17 receives and turns on in response to the control signal DOP_EN, so that the control terminal 1 of the over-discharge protection switch Q20 is connected to the ground terminal through the resistor R32 and the conducting switching element Q17, Therefore, the over-discharge protection switch Q20 is turned on, and then the over-discharge protection function of the over-discharge protection unit 101 is released. In this way, even if the energy storage module 200 is in an over-discharge state, the charging current provided by the charging power source 300 can normally charge the energy storage module 200, that is, the energy storage module 200 can be charged through the turned-on over-discharge protection switch Q20. The module 200 is charged, thereby avoiding that a large charging current flows through the parasitic diode of the over-discharge protection switch Q20, causing the temperature of the parasitic diode to be too high and burning out the over-discharge protection switch Q20. It can be understood that, when the over-discharge protection function is not activated, the control module 30 can also output the control signal DOP_EN in response to the charging power supply 300, so as to release the over-discharge protection unit 20 to turn on the over-discharge protection switch Q20.

In this embodiment, the switch element Q17 adopts a high-level conduction NPN triode, and the first end 3, the second end 2, and the control end 1 of the switch element Q17 are connected to the collector, emitter, and There is a one-to-one correspondence between the bases. The control signal DOP_EN is a high level signal.

During the charging process, if the energy storage module 200 continues to charge after reaching the full state, the energy storage module 200 will be overcharged, and the overcharge of the energy storage module 200 will also bring serious consequences to the energy storage module 200 . Taking the energy storage module 200 as a lithium battery as an example, overcharging may lead to increased internal pressure of the battery, deformation of the battery, liquid leakage, etc., and the performance of the battery will be significantly reduced and damaged.

In this embodiment, please refer to FIG. 1 again, the charging and discharging protection module 10 further includes an overcharging protection unit 102, and the overcharging protection unit 102 is used to start the overcharging when the energy storage module 200 enters the overcharging state. The charging protection function is used to prevent the charging current from flowing into the energy storage module 200 . In this way, it is possible to prevent the energy storage module 200 from heat damage due to overcharging during the charging process.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 2 , the overcharge protection unit 102 includes an overcharge protection switch Q21 , and the overcharge protection switch Q21 is connected in series in the charging and discharging circuit 108 of the energy storage module 200 . The overcharge protection switch Q21 is in a disconnected state when the overcharge protection function is activated, so as to prevent charging current from flowing into the energy storage module 200 .

The overcharge protection switch Q21 is a low-level turn-on transistor switch, and the second disconnection signal is a high-level signal. The first terminal D of the overcharge protection switch Q21 is connected to the second terminal 2 of the overdischarge protection switch Q20, the second terminal S of the overcharge protection switch Q21 is connected to the second connection terminal 120, and the overcharge protection switch Q21 is connected to the second terminal 120. The control terminal of the charge protection switch Q21 is connected to the output pin COP of the battery protection chip U5, and the control terminal of the overcharge protection switch Q21 is also connected to the second connection terminal 120 through a resistor R41.

When the energy storage module 200 is charging, when the battery protection chip U5 detects that the voltage of any lithium battery is higher than the second preset voltage threshold, for example, 4.25V, the battery protection chip U5 determines that the The energy storage module 200 is in the overcharge state, and starts the overcharge protection function: output the second disconnection signal through the output pin COP to disconnect the overcharge protection switch Q21, thereby disconnecting the charge and discharge circuit 108, so that all The energy storage module 200 stops charging.

It can be understood that if the battery protection chip U5 detects that the voltage of any battery cell is lower than the second preset voltage threshold, the battery protection chip U5 determines that the energy storage module 200 is not overcharged. state. In some embodiments, if the battery protection chip U5 determines that the energy storage module 200 is in a non-overcharged state and the charging and discharging current is normal, the battery protection chip U5 also outputs a second lead through the output pin COP. The overcharge protection switch Q21 is turned on by passing a signal. Wherein, the second conduction signal is a low level signal.

In this embodiment, the overcharge protection switch Q21 adopts a PMOS transistor. The first terminal D, the second terminal S, and the control terminal of the overcharge protection switch Q21 are in one-to-one correspondence with the drain, source, and gate of the PMOS transistor.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 together. In the embodiment of the present application, the charging and discharging protection device 100 further includes a charging power detection module 40 . The charging power detection module 40 is connected to the charging and discharging interface 60, and the charging power detecting module 40 is used to detect whether there is a charging power supply 300 connected to the charging and discharging interface 60, and output a corresponding detection signal Vchg_SCAN according to the detection result .

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 3 , the charging and discharging interface 60 includes a charging interface J1 , and the VBUS pin of the charging interface J1 is used to receive the input voltage of the charging power source 300 . In one embodiment, the charging and discharging interface 60 also includes a discharging interface (not shown in the figure). In another embodiment, the interface J1 is used as a charging interface and a discharging interface at the same time. The charging power detection module 40 includes a detection voltage input terminal 401 , a detection signal output terminal 402 and a voltage divider circuit 403 . Wherein, the detection voltage input terminal 401 is connected to the VBUS pin of the charging interface J1. The detection signal output terminal 402 is connected to the control module 30 and outputs the detection signal Vchg_SCAN to the control module 30 . The voltage divider circuit 403 includes a resistor R17 and a resistor R22 connected in series between the detection voltage input terminal 401 and the ground terminal, and the connection point between the resistor R17 and the resistor R22 constitutes the detection signal output terminal 402 . The detection signal output terminal 402 is also connected to the ground terminal through a capacitor C7. Wherein, the capacitor C7 is used for filtering to stabilize the detection signal Vchg_SCAN.

During operation, the charging power detection module 40 divides the voltage of the VBUS pin of the charging interface J1 to obtain the detection signal Vchg_SCAN, and outputs the detection signal Vchg_SCAN to the control module 30 . The control module 30 determines whether a charging power source 300 is connected according to the detection signal Vchg_SCAN. Exemplarily, the control module 30 determines that the charging power source 300 is connected in response to the signal value of the detection signal Vchg_SCAN being greater than the third preset voltage threshold, and outputs the control signal DOP_EN to the over-discharge protection release unit 20 , so as to turn on the over-discharge protection switch Q20.

In the embodiment of the present application, the charge and discharge protection device 100 further includes a charge and discharge control circuit 50 connected between the VBUS pin of the charging interface J1 and the second connection terminal 120 of the charge and discharge protection module 10 . During normal charging, the charging power source 300 charges the energy storage module 200 through the charging interface J1 , the charging and discharging control circuit 50 and the charging and discharging protection module 10 . The charge and discharge control circuit 50 feeds back the charge current signal CHA_I_SCAN to the control module 30 in real time, and the control module 30 is also used to adjust the CHA_PWM signal output to the charge and discharge control circuit 50 according to the charge current signal CHA_I_SCAN. duty cycle to control the charging current. The charge and discharge control circuit 50 also includes a diode D1, the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the VBUS pin of the charging interface J1 through an inductor L1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the second connection of the charge and discharge protection module 10 Terminal 120 , the diode D1 is used to prevent the energy storage module 200 from outputting reverse voltage to the charging and discharging interface 60 . Wherein, the inductor L1 is used to stabilize the charging current.

In this embodiment, the charge and discharge protection device 100 further includes a voltage stabilizing module (not shown in the figure) connected to the VBUS pin of the charging interface J1 and the first connection terminal 110 of the charge and discharge protection module 10, respectively. ), the voltage stabilizing module is used to receive the input voltage of the energy storage module 200 or the charging power supply 300, and perform voltage conversion on the input voltage to obtain a stable voltage source VCC, for example, the voltage value is 5V , so as to provide a stable power supply voltage for each functional module of the charge-discharge protection device 100 . For example, power is supplied to the control module 30 . Wherein, the voltage stabilizing module may adopt a DC-DC converter or a linear voltage regulator, such as a low dropout linear voltage regulator (low dropout regulator, LDO).

Please refer to FIG. 4 . FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the control module 30 in the embodiment of the present application. The control module 30 adopts a microprocessor U7, wherein the microprocessor U7 can include a plurality of input and output pins, and the control module 30 can communicate with other functional modules or external devices through the plurality of input and output pins Through communication and information exchange, functions such as connection, driving and control of the charging and discharging protection device 100 can be realized.

Exemplarily, the power supply pin 5 of the microprocessor U7 is connected to the voltage source VCC, the output pin 2 is used to output the CHA_PWM signal to the charge and discharge control circuit 50, and the input pin 14 is used to receive the charge and discharge control circuit 50. The charging current signal CHA_I_SCAN output by the discharge control circuit 50, the input pin 15 is used to receive the detection signal Vchg_SCAN output by the charging power detection module 40, and the output pin 33 is used to output the control signal DOP_EN to the over-discharge protection release unit 20 .

Optionally, the charge and discharge protection device 100 further includes a charge overvoltage detection circuit (not shown in the figure) connected to the control module 30 and the second connection terminal 120 of the charge and discharge protection module 10 respectively. The charging overvoltage detection circuit is used to detect the voltage VBAT of the second connection terminal 120 of the charging and discharging protection module 10, and output an overvoltage signal to the control module 30 when the voltage VBAT is greater than the fourth preset voltage threshold . The control module 30 is used to control the charging and discharging control circuit 50 to stop outputting charging current to the energy storage module 200 by outputting a corresponding CHA_PWM signal in response to the overvoltage signal, thereby protecting the energy storage module 200 from Damaged by overpressure.

Optionally, the charge and discharge protection device 100 further includes a temperature detection module (not shown in the figure) connected to the control module 30, and the temperature detection module is used to detect the The operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 is detected, and the detected temperature value is fed back to the control module 30 . The control module 30 is further configured to analyze whether the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 exceeds a preset threshold according to the received temperature value, and when it is analyzed that the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 exceeds the preset threshold, through The corresponding CHA_PWM signal is outputted to control the charging and discharging control circuit 50 to stop outputting the charging current to the energy storage module 200 to ensure the safety of the energy storage module 200 .

Optionally, the charge and discharge protection device 100 also includes an alarm module (not shown in the figure) connected to the control module 30, and the control module 30 is also used to analyze that the system is abnormal (for example, the charging voltage is too high). High, the temperature of the energy storage module 200 is too high), an alarm signal is output to the alarm module, so that the alarm module gives an alarm prompt, for example, an audible alarm prompt or a display alarm prompt.

The charging and discharging protection device 100 provided by the present application can automatically release the over-discharging protection function of the over-discharging protection unit 101 in response to the access of the charging power supply during the period when the over-discharging protection function is activated, and turn on the over-discharging protection switch Q20, so that the The charging current provided by the charging power source 300 can charge the energy storage module 200 through the turned-on over-discharge protection switch Q20, thereby preventing the over-discharge protection switch Q20 from being damaged due to the charging current flowing through its parasitic diode D20.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the present application also provides a starting power supply device 1000 , which includes an energy storage module 200 and the above-mentioned charging and discharging protection device 100 . Wherein, the charge and discharge protection device 100 is used for connecting a load device (not shown in the figure) and/or a charging power source 300 .

When discharging, when the load device is connected to the charge and discharge protection device 100 , the energy storage module 200 is used to discharge the output of the load device through the charge and discharge protection device 100 . The charge and discharge protection device 100 is used to start the over-discharge protection function when the energy storage module 200 enters the over-discharge state, so as to prevent the energy storage module 200 from continuing to output discharge current.

When charging, when the charging power supply 300 is connected to the charge and discharge protection device 100, the charge and discharge protection device 100 responds to the connection of the charging power supply 300 through the over-discharge protection releasing unit 20, and releases the charging and discharging protection device 100. The over-discharge protection function of the over-discharge protection unit 101 enables the charging current provided by the charging power supply 300 to charge the energy storage module 200 normally, and can avoid The over-discharge protection unit 101 is damaged. That is, the energy storage module 200 is used to receive power from the charging power source 300 through the charge and discharge protection device 100 .

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application rather than limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be The modification or equivalent replacement of the scheme shall not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the present application.

Claims

A charge and discharge protection device, characterized in that it comprises:

The charging and discharging protection module is used to connect with the energy storage module, the charging and discharging protection module is used to protect the charging and discharging of the energy storage module, the charging and discharging protection module includes an over-discharge protection unit, and the over-discharge protection unit Used to start an over-discharge protection function when the energy storage module enters an over-discharge state, so as to prevent the energy storage module from outputting a discharge current; and

The over-discharge protection release unit is connected to the over-discharge protection unit, and the over-discharge protection release unit is used to respond to the charging power supply during the period when the over-discharge protection function is activated, and release the over-discharge protection unit. The discharge protection function enables the charging current provided by the charging power supply to charge the energy storage module normally.
The charge and discharge protection device according to claim 1, wherein the over-discharge protection unit includes an over-discharge protection switch, and the over-discharge protection switch is connected in series in the charge-discharge circuit of the energy storage module;

The over-discharge protection switch is in an off state when the over-discharge protection function is activated, so as to prevent the energy storage module from outputting discharge current;

The over-discharge protection canceling unit is configured to respond to the charging power supply during the activation of the over-discharge protection function, and turn on the over-discharge protection switch to release the over-discharge protection function.
The charge-discharge protection device according to claim 2, wherein the charge-discharge protection module further comprises a protection control unit connected to the over-discharge protection switch, and the protection control unit is configured to When the energy module is in the over-discharge state, output a first disconnection signal to disconnect the over-discharge protection switch.
The charge and discharge protection device according to claim 1, wherein the charge and discharge protection device further comprises:

a control module, configured to output a control signal in response to the charging power source being connected;

The over-discharge protection release unit is respectively connected to the control module and the over-discharge protection unit, and the over-discharge protection release unit is used to receive and respond to the control signal to release the over-discharge protection of the over-discharge protection unit Function.
The charge and discharge protection device according to claim 2, wherein the charge and discharge protection device further comprises:

a control module, configured to output a control signal in response to the charging power source being connected;

The over-discharge protection release unit is respectively connected with the control module and the over-discharge protection switch, and the over-discharge protection release unit is used to receive and respond to the control signal, and turn on the over-discharge protection switch to release the over-discharge protection switch. The over-discharge protection function of the over-discharge protection unit.
The charge and discharge protection device according to claim 5, wherein the over-discharge protection switch adopts a low-level transistor switch;

The over-discharge protection release unit includes a switch element, the switch element is connected between the control terminal and the ground terminal of the over-discharge protection switch, the switch element is also connected to the control module, and the switch element is used for Turning on in response to the control signal, so that the control terminal of the over-discharge protection switch is connected to the ground terminal through the switched-on switching element, thereby turning on the over-discharge protection switch.
The charge and discharge protection device according to claim 1, wherein the charge and discharge protection module further includes an overcharge protection unit, and the overcharge protection unit is used to activate the overcharge protection unit when the energy storage module enters the overcharge state. charging protection function to prevent charging current from flowing into the energy storage module.
The charge and discharge protection device according to claim 7, wherein the overcharge protection unit includes an overcharge protection switch, and the overcharge protection switch is connected in series in the charge and discharge circuit of the energy storage module;

The overcharge protection switch is in a disconnected state when the overcharge protection function is activated, so as to prevent charging current from flowing into the energy storage module.
The charge and discharge protection device according to claim 8, wherein the charge and discharge protection module further comprises a protection control unit connected to the overcharge protection switch, and the protection control unit is configured to When the energy module is in an overcharged state, output a second disconnection signal to disconnect the overcharge protection switch.
The charge and discharge protection device according to claim 1, further comprising:

A charging power detection module, configured to detect whether a charging power is connected, and output a corresponding detection signal according to the detection result; and

The control module is connected with the charging power detection module, and the control module is used to receive the detection signal and determine whether there is a charging power input according to the detection signal.
A starting power supply device, characterized in that, comprising:

The charge and discharge protection device according to any one of claims 1-10, which is used to connect load equipment and/or a charging power source; and

An energy storage module connected to the charge and discharge protection device, the energy storage module is used to discharge the output of the load device connected to the charge and discharge protection device through the charge and discharge protection device, and is used to discharge the output of the load device connected to the charge and discharge protection device through the charge and discharge protection device The protection device receives power from the charging power source to which the charge and discharge protection device is connected.