TWI693772B - Battery module having charging management function for each secondary battery cell connected in series - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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本發明關於一種電池模組,特別是一種具有針對每一串聯二次電池芯進行充電管理功能的電池模組。 The invention relates to a battery module, in particular to a battery module with a charge management function for each series-connected secondary battery cell.
目前電池模組的充電方式是利用其正負極作為充電輸入端,也就是所謂的共充點,來一次為電池模組內的所有二次電池芯進行充電。然而,因為電池模組內熱梯度不平衡、二次電池芯容量的差異、不同的自放電率差異、二次電池芯的內阻不同、組裝線材阻抗(來自鎳片、電池管理系統的電線等)差異...等因素,電池模組產生了『電池不平衡』的問題。電池不平衡會降低電池模組效能和縮短電池模組(二次電池芯)壽命。 At present, the charging method of the battery module is to use its positive and negative electrodes as charging input terminals, so-called co-charging points, to charge all the secondary battery cells in the battery module at once. However, because of the thermal gradient imbalance in the battery module, the difference in the capacity of the secondary battery cell, the difference in the self-discharge rate, the internal resistance of the secondary battery cell, the impedance of the assembled wire (nickel sheet, wire from the battery management system, etc.) Differences... and other factors, the battery module has a "battery imbalance" problem. Unbalanced battery will reduce battery module performance and shorten battery module (secondary battery cell) life.
細究電池不平衡的問題來源,由電池模組充電與放電時來觀察。在放電時,含電量低的二次電池芯很快就放完了,含電量高的二次電池芯因為還有電所以還在放電,造成含電量低的二次電池芯被迫繼續放電,造成含電量低的二次電池芯過放電而損壞。除了導致電池模組效能降低,最終造成整個電池模組損壞。在充電時,含電量高的二次電池芯很快就充滿,含電量低的二次電池芯因為還沒充滿電所以還在充電,造成含電量高的二次電池芯被迫繼續充電,造成含 電量高的二次電池芯過充電而損壞。同樣導致電池模組效能降低並最終損壞。因此,充電時若不針對個別二次電池芯進行充電管理,除了無法有效達成充電目的外,還可能加速電池模組的損壞。 Observe the source of the battery imbalance problem when the battery module is charged and discharged. During discharge, the secondary battery cells with low electricity content are quickly discharged. The secondary battery cells with high electricity content are still being discharged because they still have electricity, causing the secondary battery cells with low electricity content to be forced to continue to discharge, causing The secondary battery cell with low electricity content is damaged due to over-discharge. In addition to reducing the performance of the battery module, the entire battery module will eventually be damaged. During charging, the secondary battery cell with a high electrical content quickly fills up, and the secondary battery cell with a low electrical content is still being charged because it is not fully charged yet, causing the secondary battery cell with a high electrical content to be forced to continue charging. Including The secondary battery cell with high power is overcharged and damaged. It also leads to reduced battery module performance and eventual damage. Therefore, if the charging management of individual secondary battery cells is not performed during charging, in addition to failing to effectively achieve the purpose of charging, the damage of the battery module may be accelerated.
為了解決前述問題,中華民國發明專利第I632759號提出一種閉迴路充電穩壓裝置及系統,該系統的方塊示意圖如圖1所示。簡言之,該系統屬於一種利用共充點充電的閉迴路充電穩壓系統。由於在共充點充電下各電池芯間流通的電流量相等,為了不造成過充電現象,電壓穩定單元利用分流致能單元以及分流增強單元,將過多的電流導引出去,以致每個電池芯在充電時達到預設電壓值時能維持,不至於過充。該系統是針對每一個電池芯而設計獨立的電池管理單元,然而其電路設計複雜,旁通電流也容易造成能量散逸,使電池模組發熱。 In order to solve the aforementioned problems, the Republic of China Invention Patent No. I632759 proposes a closed-loop charging voltage stabilizing device and system. The block diagram of this system is shown in FIG. 1. In short, the system belongs to a closed-loop charging voltage stabilizing system that uses common charging points. Since the amount of current flowing between the battery cells is the same at the common charge point, in order not to cause overcharging, the voltage stabilization unit uses the shunt enable unit and the shunt enhancement unit to guide the excessive current out so that each battery cell It can be maintained when the preset voltage value is reached during charging, and will not be overcharged. The system is designed with an independent battery management unit for each battery cell. However, its circuit design is complex, and bypass current is also likely to cause energy to dissipate and heat the battery module.
因此,基於以上遺留的充電問題,本發明提供一種具有針對每一串聯二次電池芯進行充電管理功能的電池模組,以期一次解決上述問題。 Therefore, based on the remaining charging problems, the present invention provides a battery module with a charge management function for each series-connected secondary battery cell, with a view to solving the above problems at once.
本段文字提取和編譯本發明的某些特點,其它特點將被揭露於後續段落中,其目的在涵蓋附加的申請專利範圍之精神和範圍中,各式的修改和類似的排列。 This paragraph extracts and compiles some features of the present invention, and other features will be disclosed in subsequent paragraphs, and its purpose is to cover the spirit and scope of the additional patent application scope, various modifications and similar arrangements.
解決前述問題,本發明提出一種具有針對每一串聯二次電池芯進行充電管理功能的電池模組。該包含:一正極共充點;一負極共充點;一電流偵測開關,與該正極共充點電連接,當有電流自該正極共充點流入該電流偵測開關時,該電流偵測開關關閉;一連接電路,該連接電路電連接該正極共充點與該負極共充點;複數個串聯的二次電池芯,串聯的第一與最後的二次電池芯分別與該 電流偵測開關與該負極共充點電連接;及與二次電池芯個數相同的充電單元,每一充電單元與一對應的二次電池芯之正極與負極電連接,用以對該對應的二次電池芯進行充電至一預設電壓值,其中每一充電單元另電連接到該連接電路,用以取得對二次電池芯充電的電力。 To solve the foregoing problems, the present invention provides a battery module having a charge management function for each series-connected secondary battery cell. This includes: a positive charge point; a negative charge point; a current detection switch, which is electrically connected to the positive charge point. When a current flows from the positive charge point to the current detection switch, the current detection The test switch is closed; a connecting circuit that electrically connects the positive co-charge point and the negative co-charge point; a plurality of secondary battery cells connected in series, the first and last secondary battery cells connected in series are connected to the The current detection switch is electrically connected to the negative charge point of the negative electrode; and a charging unit with the same number of secondary battery cells, each charging unit is electrically connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a corresponding secondary battery cell The secondary battery cell is charged to a preset voltage value, wherein each charging unit is additionally electrically connected to the connection circuit for obtaining power to charge the secondary battery cell.
依照本發明,該充電單元可進一步包含:一輸入端電路,用以電連接該連接電路;一變壓器,電連接到該輸入端電路,將對自該輸入端電路輸入的直流電進行降壓;一脈波寬度調變電路,與該變壓器形成一迴路,用以監控該變壓器之電壓輸出以調整輸入該變壓器之直流電之占空比,從而使該變壓器輸出電壓穩定;一定電流轉定電壓模式電路,與該變壓器電連接,將來自該變壓器的直流電調整為在一第一時間內由一初始低電流量轉變到實質維持一固定電流量及在一第二時間內實質維持一固定電壓值,向外輸出;及一輸出端電路,與對應的二次電池芯之正極與負極電連接,用以將該定電流轉定電壓模式電路調整後的直流電,對該二次電池芯進行充電。 According to the present invention, the charging unit may further include: an input terminal circuit for electrically connecting the connection circuit; a transformer, electrically connected to the input terminal circuit, which will step down the DC power input from the input terminal circuit; The pulse width modulation circuit forms a loop with the transformer to monitor the voltage output of the transformer to adjust the duty cycle of the DC current input to the transformer, thereby stabilizing the output voltage of the transformer; a certain current transfer to a voltage mode circuit , Electrically connected to the transformer, adjusting the DC current from the transformer to change from an initial low current amount to substantially maintain a fixed current amount within a first time and to maintain a fixed voltage value within a second time, to External output; and an output circuit, which is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the corresponding secondary battery core, and is used to convert the constant current to the DC voltage adjusted by the voltage mode circuit to charge the secondary battery core.
最好,在該第一時間內,該直流電調整可為由一最低電壓值,隨時間漸增至接近但未超過該固定電壓值。在該第二時間內,該直流電調整可為由該固定電流量,隨時間漸減;至該第二時間後對應的二次電池芯完成充電,電流量降為零。 Preferably, during the first time, the DC power adjustment may be from a minimum voltage value, gradually increasing with time to close to but not exceeding the fixed voltage value. During the second time, the DC power adjustment may be that the fixed current amount gradually decreases with time; after the second time, the corresponding secondary battery core is fully charged and the current amount drops to zero.
此外,電池模組可進一步包含一電池管理模組,電連接到該電流偵測開關、相鄰二二次電池芯之接點及該負極共充點,用以偵測每一二次電池芯之充電與放電時的電壓、電流與溫度變化,及在充電時對該電池模組進行主動或被動平衡。可於該電池管理模組電連接該負極共充點的線路上設置一第一開關,當該電池模組於放電過程中有任何二次電池芯被偵測到過放電或過熱現象時,該電池管理模組切斷該第一開關以停止該電池模組之放電作業。亦可於該電池 管理模組電連接該負極共充點的線路上設置一第二開關,當該電池模組於充電過程中有任何二次電池芯被偵測到過充電或過熱現象時,該電池管理模組切斷該第二開關以停止該電池模組之充電作業。 In addition, the battery module may further include a battery management module electrically connected to the current detection switch, the contacts of the adjacent two secondary battery cells, and the negative common charge point for detecting each secondary battery cell The voltage, current and temperature changes during charging and discharging, and active or passive balancing of the battery module during charging. A first switch may be provided on a line where the battery management module is electrically connected to the negative common charge point. When any secondary battery cell is detected as overdischarge or overheating during the discharge of the battery module, the The battery management module cuts off the first switch to stop the discharging operation of the battery module. Can also be used in the battery A second switch is provided on the line electrically connected to the negative common charge point of the management module. When any secondary battery cell of the battery module is detected to be overcharged or overheated during charging, the battery management module Turn off the second switch to stop the charging operation of the battery module.
最好,該二次電池芯可為鎳氫電池芯、鎳鎘電池芯、鋰離子電池芯、鋰聚合物電池芯、鉛酸電池芯、鋰鐵電池芯或鎳氫電池芯。 Preferably, the secondary battery cell may be a nickel-metal hydride battery cell, a nickel-cadmium battery cell, a lithium-ion battery cell, a lithium polymer battery cell, a lead-acid battery cell, a lithium-iron battery cell, or a nickel-metal hydride battery cell.
在本發明的電池模組中,因為每一二次電池芯有一個充電單元針對其特性進行充電,從而能免除電池模組中有的二次電池芯充不飽,有的過充,對電池模組造成的傷害。 In the battery module of the present invention, because each secondary battery cell has a charging unit to charge its characteristics, it can avoid that the secondary battery cells in the battery module are not fully charged, and some are overcharged. Damage caused by the module.
10‧‧‧電池模組 10‧‧‧ battery module
20‧‧‧電池模組 20‧‧‧Battery module
100‧‧‧電流偵測開關 100‧‧‧current detection switch
110‧‧‧複合元件 110‧‧‧Composite component
120‧‧‧電晶體 120‧‧‧Transistor
200‧‧‧連接電路 200‧‧‧Connect circuit
310‧‧‧第一二次電池芯 310‧‧‧ First secondary battery cell
320‧‧‧第二二次電池芯 320‧‧‧Secondary secondary battery cell
330‧‧‧第三二次電池芯 330‧‧‧third secondary battery cell
410‧‧‧第一充電單元 410‧‧‧ First charging unit
411‧‧‧輸入端電路 411‧‧‧ input circuit
412‧‧‧變壓器 412‧‧‧Transformer
413‧‧‧脈波寬度調變電路 413‧‧‧Pulse width modulation circuit
414‧‧‧定電流轉定電壓模式電路 414‧‧‧Constant current to constant voltage mode circuit
415‧‧‧輸出端電路 415‧‧‧ output circuit
420‧‧‧第二充電單元 420‧‧‧Second charging unit
430‧‧‧第三充電單元 430‧‧‧The third charging unit
500‧‧‧電池管理模組 500‧‧‧Battery management module
600‧‧‧外部充電源 600‧‧‧External charging source
B+‧‧‧正極共充點 B+‧‧‧ Positive charge point
B-‧‧‧負極共充點 B-‧‧‧Negative charge point
S1‧‧‧第一開關 S1‧‧‧ First switch
S2‧‧‧第二開關 S2‧‧‧Second switch
R1‧‧‧第一電阻 R1‧‧‧ First resistance
R2‧‧‧第二電阻 R2‧‧‧Second resistance
R3‧‧‧第三電阻 R3‧‧‧ Third resistance
R4‧‧‧第四電阻 R4‧‧‧ Fourth resistance
圖1為一種習知閉迴路充電穩壓系統的方塊圖,圖2為依照本發明實施例的具有針對每一串聯二次電池芯進行充電管理功能的電池模組之方塊圖,圖3為該電池模組中的一充電單元的方塊圖,圖4為該電池模組中的一電流偵測開關的方塊圖,圖5為定電流模式及定電壓模式下二次電池芯在充電時外部電壓及電流的變化曲線圖,圖6為比較不同充電系統下電池芯的內電壓變化曲線圖。 1 is a block diagram of a conventional closed-loop charging regulator system, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a battery module having a charge management function for each series-connected secondary battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram A block diagram of a charging unit in a battery module. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a current detection switch in the battery module. FIG. 5 is an external voltage of a secondary battery cell during charging in a constant current mode and a constant voltage mode. And the current change curve, Figure 6 is a comparison of the internal voltage change curve of the battery cell under different charging systems.
為使本發明的目的、技術方案和優點更加清楚,下面將結合圖式對本發明作進一步地詳細描述。 In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
請見圖1,該圖為依照本發明的實施的具有針對每一串聯二次電池芯進行充電管理功能的電池模組10、20之方塊圖。電池模組10與電池模組20都是依照本發明所呈現,其內部元件及功能皆相同,不同符號僅為了說明方便而設
置。以電池模組10為例說明其內部功能元件。電池模組10包含了一正極共充點B+、一負極共充點B-、一電流偵測開關100、一連接電路200、一第一二次電池芯310、一第二二次電池芯320、一第三二次電池芯330、一第一充電單元410、一第二充電單元420、一第三充電單元430、一電池管理模組500、一第一開關S1及一第二開關S2。除此之外,電池模組10還可能包含其它的主被動元件及/或電路板,以輔助前述元件之運作。然而,這些輔助元件在本發明所屬技術領域中屬於習知技術,所以不一一列舉說明。以下,分別根據每一要件的功能及與其它要件的互動方式,配合圖2至圖6分別說明之。
Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a block diagram of
正極共充點B+與負極共充點B-是顯露於電池模組10外部的共充點。正極共充點B+可電連接到一外部充電源600的負極,負極共充點B-可電連接到該外部充電源600的正極,以便該該外部充電源600可對電池模組10充電。但本發明的電池模組有個特點是電池模組間可以串聯,一次對兩個以上的電池模組進行充電。如圖2所示,電池模組10的負極共充點B-電連接到電池模組20的正極共充點B+,電池模組10的正極共充點B+電連接到外部充電源600的負極,電池模組20的負極共充點B-電連接到外部充電源600的正極。這便是一個標準的二並聯電池模組的充電方式。
The positive charge point B+ and the negative charge point B- are the common charge points exposed outside the
當進行充電時,外部充電源600會有電流流向正極共充點B+,但依本發明的精神,該電流之後要由充電單元流向二次電池芯,而非直接由正極共充點B+流向二次電池芯。為了達成改變電流的走向,因此有了電流偵測開關100的設計。電流偵測開關100與正極共充點B+電連接,當有電流自正極共充點B+流入電流偵測開關100時,該電流偵測開關100關閉。如此一來,電流也只能流向負極共充點B-與其它的二次電池芯。一般來說,電流偵測開關100有很多的型態,本發明不限定之,但在本發明的實施例中揭露一種實作型態。對此,請見圖4,該圖為電池模組10中的電流偵測開關100的方塊圖。電流偵測開關100為圖中虛
線框所圍示。電流偵測開關100包含了具有P型MOS與反向二極體的一複合元件110、一電晶體120、一第二電阻R2、一第三電阻R3及一第四電阻R4。第二電阻R2電連接到正極共充點B+。第三電阻R3與第二電阻R2電連接,並連接到電晶體120的源極。電晶體120的閘極透過第四電阻R4與第一充電單元410電連接,其汲極接地。複合元件110中P型MOS的閘極與第三電阻R3及第二電阻R2電連接,P型MOS的源極及反向二極體的負極電連接正極共充點B+,P型MOS的汲極及反向二極體的正極電連接第一二次電池芯310。當進行充電時,電流由正極共充點B+湧入複合元件110及第一充電單元410。當第一充電單元410的電流進一步透過第四電阻R4流向電晶體120的閘極時,導通了電晶體120的源極與汲極。此時,電流除了能通過第二電阻R2與第三電阻R3以至接地端,同時也流向P型MOS的閘極。從而,P型MOS關閉了其源極與汲極間的電流導通。因此,來自正極共充點B+的電流便不會對第一二次電池芯310及與其串聯的電池芯進行充電。
When charging, the
連接電路200電連接正極共充點B+與負極共充點B-,作為各充電單元進行充電作業時的直流電力來源。二次電池芯310、320與330以串聯方式電連接。依照本發明,二次電池芯的數量不限於本實施例所提出的3個,而是可以依照實際需要設計,最少2個,最多理論上沒限制。要注意的是,串聯的第一(第一二次電池芯310)與最後(第三二次電池芯330)的二次電池芯分別與電流偵測開關100與負極共充點B-電連接。實作上,二次電池芯可以是任何可進行充電再使用的電池芯,比如鎳氫電池芯、鎳鎘電池芯、鋰離子電池芯、鋰聚合物電池芯、鉛酸電池芯、鋰鐵電池芯或鎳氫電池芯。
The
充電單元,其數量與二次電池芯的個數相同,以便能進行一對一的充電作業,如第一充電單元410對第一二次電池芯310進行充電,第二充電單元420對第二二次電池芯320進行充電,第三充電單元430對第三二次電池芯330進行充電。每一充電單元與對應的二次電池芯之正極與負極電連接,用以對該對應
的二次電池芯進行充電至一預設電壓值。該預設電壓值為二次電池芯的標定電壓。以一個18650鋰離子電池芯來說,該預設電壓值可以是3.7V。也就是說,透過充電單元對二次電池芯進行充電,可以確保該二次電池芯的保充電壓為其標定電壓,不致發生電壓過高的過充狀態,或是電壓過低的充不飽狀態。此外,每一充電單元另電連接到該連接電路200,用以取得對二次電池芯充電的電力。
The number of charging units is the same as the number of secondary battery cells, so that one-to-one charging can be performed. For example, the
充電單元是本發明的另一核心元件。為了對充電單元的結構有較明確的揭露,本實施例以第一充電單元410做為例子來說明(每一充電單元內部結構均相同)。請見圖3,該圖為電池模組10中第一充電單元410的方塊圖。第一充電單元410包含了一輸入端電路411、一變壓器412、一脈波寬度調變電路413、一定電流轉定電壓模式電路414及一輸出端電路415。以下分別說明之。
The charging unit is another core element of the present invention. In order to clearly disclose the structure of the charging unit, this embodiment uses the
輸入端電路411的功能是用來電連接連接電路200。變壓器412電連接到輸入端電路411,將對自該輸入端電路411輸入的直流電進行降壓,比如將5V降至3.7V。變壓器412的型態不為本發明所限制。脈波寬度調變電路413與變壓器412形成一迴路,用以監控變壓器412之電壓輸出以調整輸入該變壓器412之直流電之占空比,從而使變壓器412輸出電壓穩定。脈波寬度調變電路413與變壓器412的組合廣為所屬技術領域應用,此處不再贅述相關細節。
The function of the
定電流轉定電壓模式電路414與變壓器412電連接,將來自該變壓器412的直流電調整為在一第一時間內由一初始低電流量轉變到實質維持一固定電流量及在一第二時間內實質維持一固定電壓值,向外輸出。也就是說,在第一時間內定電流轉定電壓模式電路414對第一二次電池芯310實施的是定電流模式充電,在第二時間內定電流轉定電壓模式電路414對第一二次電池芯310實施的是定電壓模式充電。為了對此有較佳理解,請見圖5,為定電流模式及定電壓模式下二次電池芯在充電時外部電壓及電流的變化曲線圖。在圖5中,當第一時間剛開始,充電進行時,第一二次電池芯310的電壓隨時間上升,但電流量還是
維持在初始低電流量的0.5A(Imin)。此時的初始低電流量被稱為trigger charge,目的是防止第一二次電池芯310在低電壓情況下充電時,太大的電流量會導致過熱的情況。隨著充電時間久了,直流電調整為由最低電壓值2.6V,隨時間漸增至接近但未超過該固定電壓值,3.7V(接近Vmax)。同時,電流量穩定增至1.0A(Icc,固定電流量)。當第一二次電池芯310的電壓實質鄰近3.7V時,進入第二時間,啟動定電壓模式。值此時間內,該直流電調整為由該固定電流量,隨時間漸減;至第二時間後對應的第一二次電池芯310完成充電,電流量降為零。同時,充電的電壓維持在3.7V附近。在第二時間後,電壓值略微下降。在第二時間過後,第一二次電池芯310便充飽了,沒有過充或充不飽現象。輸出端電路415與對應的第一二次電池芯310之正極與負極電連接,用以將定電流轉定電壓模式電路414調整後的直流電,對第一二次電池芯310進行充電。第二充電單元420與第三充電單元430的運作也相同,差別僅依不同的二次電池芯,而有不同的第一時間與第二時間。
The constant current to constant
電池管理模組500電連接到電流偵測開關100、相鄰二個二次電池芯之接點及負極共充點B-,用以偵測每一二次電池芯之充電與放電時的電壓、電流與溫度變化。然而,電池管理模組500控制與第三二次電池芯330透過一第一電阻R1(在電池管理模組500電連接負極共充點的線路上,)電連接的第一開關S1,與第二開關S2,進而防止放電與充電過程中因二次電池芯異常而導致電池模組10的損害。當電池模組10於放電過程中有任何二次電池芯被偵測到過放電或過熱現象時,電池管理模組500便切斷第一開關S1以停止電池模組10之放電作業。同樣地,當電池模組10於充電過程中有任何二次電池芯被偵測到過充電或過熱現象時,電池管理模組500也可切斷第二開關S2以停止電池模組10之充電作業。電池管理模組500是對充電單元作業的進一步保障。
The
使用本發明的電池模組10來充電,對內部的二次電池芯有較好的保護作用,可以延長電池模組10的使用壽命。為此,請見圖6,茲舉將本實施例中的三個二次電池芯放在傳統的電池模組與放在本發明的電池模組10中為例,來比較其在充電過程中的差異。如圖6上方所示,當三個二次電池芯放在傳統的電池模組,每個二次電池芯同時接受充電。因為每一個二次電池芯的構造或特性不同,造成了第一二次電池芯310過充,第二二次電池芯320正常充電,第三二次電池芯330充不飽。然而,在電池模組10中進行充電,每個二次電池芯都可以近乎完全地充飽,只是到達飽充的時間依其本身特性而有差異。
The
雖然本發明已以實施方式揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined in the attached patent application.
10‧‧‧電池模組 10‧‧‧ battery module
20‧‧‧電池模組 20‧‧‧Battery module
100‧‧‧電流偵測開關 100‧‧‧current detection switch
200‧‧‧連接電路 200‧‧‧Connect circuit
310‧‧‧第一二次電池芯 310‧‧‧ First secondary battery cell
320‧‧‧第二二次電池芯 320‧‧‧Secondary secondary battery cell
330‧‧‧第三二次電池芯 330‧‧‧third secondary battery cell
410‧‧‧第一充電單元 410‧‧‧ First charging unit
420‧‧‧第二充電單元 420‧‧‧Second charging unit
430‧‧‧第三充電單元 430‧‧‧The third charging unit
500‧‧‧電池管理模組 500‧‧‧Battery management module
600‧‧‧外部充電源 600‧‧‧External charging source
B+‧‧‧正極共充點 B+‧‧‧ Positive charge point
B-‧‧‧負極共充點 B-‧‧‧Negative charge point
S1‧‧‧第一開關 S1‧‧‧ First switch
S2‧‧‧第二開關 S2‧‧‧Second switch
R1‧‧‧第一電阻 R1‧‧‧ First resistance
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