WO2023053995A1 - 光吸収異方性層、光学フィルム、視野角制御システムおよび画像表示装置 - Google Patents

光吸収異方性層、光学フィルム、視野角制御システムおよび画像表示装置 Download PDF

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WO2023053995A1
WO2023053995A1 PCT/JP2022/034611 JP2022034611W WO2023053995A1 WO 2023053995 A1 WO2023053995 A1 WO 2023053995A1 JP 2022034611 W JP2022034611 W JP 2022034611W WO 2023053995 A1 WO2023053995 A1 WO 2023053995A1
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group
repeating unit
light absorption
anisotropic layer
carbon atoms
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PCT/JP2022/034611
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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渓伍 志賀
直弥 西村
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富士フイルム株式会社
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Priority to CN202280066252.7A priority Critical patent/CN118043707A/zh
Priority to JP2023551311A priority patent/JPWO2023053995A1/ja
Publication of WO2023053995A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023053995A1/ja

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light absorption anisotropic layer, an optical film, a viewing angle control system and an image display device.
  • Patent Document 1 describes "having a film-like first polarizer and a second polarizer containing an absorption dichroic substance whose orientation is fixed, and a second polarizer.
  • the first polarizer has an absorption axis in the film plane
  • the second polarizer has a dichroic compound oriented in a liquid crystal polymer matrix and the orientation is fixed.
  • a visual angle control system that forms an angle of 0° to 45° with a normal line.” ([Claim 1]).
  • the present inventors examined the viewing angle (viewing angle) control system described in Patent Document 1, and found that the second polarizer (optical absorption anisotropic film) was composed of a liquid crystalline compound, a dichroic substance and a surfactant.
  • the second polarizer optical absorption anisotropic film
  • a uniform surface condition could not be obtained, and the difference between the transmittance from the front direction and the transmittance from the oblique direction of the light absorption anisotropic layer (hereinafter referred to as , abbreviated as “contrast”).
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a light-absorbing anisotropic layer with excellent planar uniformity and high contrast, and an optical film, viewing angle control system, and image display device using the same.
  • an optically anisotropic layer formed from a liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystalline compound, a dichroic substance and a surfactant has The present inventors have found that by using a copolymer having repeating units A and B satisfying predetermined conditions, it is possible to form a light absorption anisotropic layer with excellent planar uniformity and high contrast, and have completed the present invention. That is, the inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by the following configuration.
  • Condition 1 The repeating unit A is represented by the formula (A-1) described below, and the repeating unit B has a polar group at the end of its side chain.
  • Condition 2 The repeating unit B is represented by formula (B-1) or (B-2) described later.
  • [2] The light absorption anisotropic layer according to [1], wherein the surfactant satisfies condition 2, and the repeating unit B is a repeating unit represented by formula (B-2).
  • [7] The light absorption anisotropic layer according to any one of [1] to [6], exhibiting a nematic liquid crystal phase.
  • An optical film comprising a transparent film substrate and the light absorption anisotropic layer of any one of [1] to [7] disposed on the transparent film substrate.
  • the optical film of [8] which has an alignment film between the transparent film substrate and the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • a polarizer having an absorption axis in the in-plane direction, and the light absorption anisotropic layer according to any one of [1] to [7] or the optical film according to [8] or [9]. , viewing angle control system.
  • [11] having a display element and the viewing angle control system according to [10], An image display device, wherein the viewing angle control system is arranged on at least one major surface of the display element.
  • the image display device according to [11] wherein the light absorption anisotropic layer of the viewing angle control system is arranged on the viewing side of the polarizer of the viewing angle control system.
  • the present invention it is possible to provide a light absorption anisotropic layer with excellent planar uniformity and high contrast, and an optical film, viewing angle control system and image display device using the same.
  • a numerical range represented by "-" means a range including the numerical values before and after "-" as lower and upper limits.
  • parallel and orthogonal do not mean parallel and orthogonal in a strict sense, respectively, but mean a range of parallel ⁇ 5° and a range of orthogonal ⁇ 5°, respectively.
  • both the liquid crystalline composition and the liquid crystalline compound conceptually include those that no longer exhibit liquid crystallinity due to curing or the like.
  • each component may use the substance applicable to each component individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together.
  • the content of the component refers to the total content of the substances used in combination unless otherwise specified.
  • (meth)acrylate” is a notation representing “acrylate” or “methacrylate”
  • (meth)acryl is a notation representing "acrylic” or “methacrylic”
  • (Meth)acryloyl” is a notation representing “acryloyl” or “methacryloyl”.
  • the substituent W used in this specification represents the following groups.
  • Examples of the substituent W include a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an alkylcarbonyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • an alkyloxycarbonyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkylamino group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkylaminocarbonyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and 1 carbon atom ⁇ 20 alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, heterocyclic groups (also referred to as heterocyclic groups), cyano groups, hydroxy groups, nitro groups, carboxy groups, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, amino group (including anilino group), ammonio group, acylamino group, aminocarbonylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group,
  • LW represents a single bond or a divalent linking group
  • SPW represents a divalent spacer group
  • Q represents Q1 or Q2 in formula (A-1) below
  • * represents a binding position.
  • Divalent linking groups represented by LW include —O—, —(CH 2 ) g —, —(CF 2 ) g —, —Si(CH 3 ) 2 —, and —(Si(CH 3 ) 2 O).
  • the divalent spacer group represented by SPW includes a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, or a heterocyclic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • the hydrogen atom of the alkylene group and the hydrogen atom of the heterocyclic group are a halogen atom, a cyano group, -Z H , -OH, -OZ H , -COOH, -C(O)Z H , -C(O) OZ H , -OC(O)Z H , -OC(O)OZ H , -NZ H Z H ', -NZ H C(O) Z H ', -NZ H C(O) OZ H ', -C ( O) NZHZH ', -OC(O) NZHZH ', -NZHC (O) NZH'OZH '', -SH , -SZH , -C(S ) ZH , —C(O)SZ H , —SC(O)Z H (hereinafter also abbreviated as “SP-H”).
  • Z H and Z H ' are alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, halogenated alkyl groups, -L-CL (L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • Specific examples of the divalent linking group is the same as LW and SPW described above.
  • CL represents a crosslinkable group, and includes groups represented by Q1 or Q2 in formula (A-1) described later, and formulas (P1) to (P30 ) is preferably a polymerizable group represented by ).
  • the anisotropic light absorption layer of the present invention is an anisotropic light absorption layer formed from a liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystalline compound, a dichroic substance and a surfactant. That is, the light absorption anisotropic layer is formed by fixing the alignment state of the liquid crystalline compound and the dichroic substance contained in the liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystalline compound, the dichroic substance, and the surfactant. is preferred.
  • the surfactant contained in the liquid crystal composition contains a repeating unit A that contains a fluorine atom and does not contain a polymerizable group, and a fluorine atom and a polymerizable group. It is a copolymer that has a repeating unit B that does not contain and satisfies condition 1 or 2 described later.
  • the angle ⁇ formed between the transmittance central axis of the anisotropic light absorption layer and the normal direction of the surface of the anisotropic light absorption layer (hereinafter referred to as "transmittance central axis Also abbreviated as “angle ⁇ ”) is 0° or more and 45° or less.
  • the central axis of transmittance means the highest transmittance when the transmittance is measured by changing the tilt angle (polar angle) and the tilt direction (azimuth angle) with respect to the normal direction of the light absorption anisotropic layer surface. means the direction of the rate.
  • AxoScan OPMF-1 manufactured by Optoscience is used to actually measure the Mueller matrix at a wavelength of 550 nm.
  • the azimuth angle at which the transmittance central axis is tilted is first searched, and then the plane ( In the plane including the transmittance central axis and perpendicular to the layer surface), the wavelength A Mueller matrix at 550 nm is actually measured to derive the transmittance of the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • the direction with the highest transmittance is taken as the center axis of transmittance.
  • the transmittance central axis means the direction of the absorption axis of the dichroic substance contained in the light absorption anisotropic layer (molecular long axis direction).
  • a liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystalline compound, a dichroic substance and a specific surfactant by using a liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystalline compound, a dichroic substance and a specific surfactant, a light absorption anisotropic layer with excellent planar uniformity and high contrast can be obtained.
  • the present inventors presume as follows. It is presumed that the surfactant exists on the surface of the anisotropic light absorption layer when the liquid crystal composition is used to form the anisotropic light absorption layer.
  • the surfactant has a repeating unit A that contains a fluorine atom and does not contain a polymerizable group, and a repeating unit B that does not contain a fluorine atom and a polymerizable group, and satisfies the conditions 1 or 2 described later.
  • the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity between the surfactant and the liquid crystal composition can be appropriately set, the vertical alignment of the liquid crystal composition is improved, the surface uniformity is excellent, and a light absorption anisotropic layer with high contrast is formed. It is considered possible.
  • the transmittance central axis angle ⁇ is preferably 0° or more and less than 45°, more preferably 0° or more and 35° or less, and even more preferably 0° or more and less than 35°. .
  • the light absorption anisotropic layer of the present invention is formed from a liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystal compound, a dichroic substance and a specific surfactant. Moreover, the liquid crystal composition may contain a solvent, an alignment agent, a polymerization initiator, a polymerizable compound, and other additives. Each component will be described below.
  • the specific surfactant contained in the liquid crystal composition has a repeating unit A that contains a fluorine atom and does not contain a polymerizable group, and a repeating unit B that does not contain a fluorine atom and a polymerizable group, and satisfies the following condition 1 or 2 (hereinafter also abbreviated as “specific copolymer”).
  • the repeating units A and B are defined that neither contains a polymerizable group. is the same as that described in repeating unit C.
  • Condition 1 Repeating unit A is represented by formula (A-1) described below, and repeating unit B has a polar group at the end of a side chain.
  • Condition 2 The repeating unit B is represented by formula (B-1) or (B-2) described later.
  • the repeating unit A possessed by the specific copolymer satisfying condition 1 is a repeating unit represented by the following formula (A-1).
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • LF 1 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • RF 1 represents a group containing a fluorine atom.
  • the embodiment in which the terminal of RF 1 is -CF 2 H is excluded.
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, as described above.
  • an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is even more preferable.
  • LF 1 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group, as described above.
  • Divalent linking groups selected from the group consisting of aliphatic groups and combinations thereof are preferred.
  • RF 1 and O are bonded
  • -OCO- is the carbon bonded to R 1 and O are bonded
  • the divalent aliphatic group includes a divalent aliphatic chain group or an aliphatic cyclic group.
  • divalent aliphatic chain group an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable, and an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable.
  • divalent aliphatic cyclic group a cycloalkylene group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable, and a cycloalkylene group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms is more preferable.
  • LF 1 is preferably -COO- or -OCO-, more preferably -COO-.
  • RF 1 represents a group containing a fluorine atom as described above.
  • An alkyl group (hereinafter also referred to as a "fluoroalkyl group”) is preferred, a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms is more preferred, and a fluoroalkyl group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms is even more preferred. It is also preferred that the fluoroalkyl group contains at least one —CF 3 group.
  • the number of fluorine atoms is preferably 1-25, more preferably 3-21, and most preferably 5-21.
  • the repeating unit represented by the above formula (A-1) is preferably a repeating unit represented by the following formula (A-1-1).
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, similarly to R 1 in formula (A-1) above, and preferred embodiments are also the same.
  • ma and na each independently represent an integer of 0-19.
  • ma is preferably an integer of 1 to 8, more preferably an integer of 1 to 5, from the viewpoint of raw material availability.
  • na is preferably an integer of 1 to 15, more preferably an integer of 1 to 12, even more preferably an integer of 2 to 10, and most preferably an integer of 5 to 7. .
  • ma and na represent an integer of 0 to 19 in total.
  • the monomer forming the repeating unit represented by the above formula (A-1) or (A-1-1) include, for example, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl (meth)acrylate , 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(perfluorobutyl)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(perfluorohexyl)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(perfluoro Octyl) ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-(perfluorodecyl) ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-(perfluoro-3-methylbutyl) ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-(perfluoro-5-methylhexyl) ethyl ( meth)acrylate, 2-(perfluoro-7-methyloctyl)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-perfluorobutyl-2-hydroxypropyl
  • the repeating unit B contained in the specific copolymer that satisfies condition 1 is a repeating unit having a polar group at the terminal of the side chain.
  • the polar group is a substituent having a hydrogen atom and having a biased charge between the bonds between the hydrogen atom and the atom to which the hydrogen atom is bonded, or a deprotonated form of this substituent or An ion pair consisting of a proton adduct.
  • substituents include amino groups, amido groups, urea groups, urethane groups, sulfonylamino groups, sulfo groups, phospho groups, hydroxy groups, mercapto groups, carboxyl groups, and electron-withdrawing groups.
  • substituents include a substituted methylene group and a methine group substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, among which a carboxyl group is preferred.
  • ion pair include carboxylates, onium salts, sulfonium salts, and phosphonium salts.
  • the repeating unit B possessed by the specific copolymer satisfying condition 1 is preferably a repeating unit represented by the following formula (K-1).
  • R 10 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • An alkyl group of ⁇ 4 is more preferred, and a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is even more preferred.
  • Specific examples of the monomer forming the repeating unit represented by the above formula (K-1) include acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.
  • the repeating unit A of the specific copolymer that satisfies the condition 2 is not particularly limited as long as it contains a fluorine atom and does not contain a polymerizable group.
  • a repeating unit represented by (A-1) is preferred.
  • RF 1 in the above formula (A-1) may have —CF 2 H at the end.
  • the repeating unit represented by the above formula (A-1) or (A-1-1) 1H, 1H, 3H-tetrafluoropropyl (meth) acrylate, 1H, 1H, 5H-octafluoropentyl (meth) acrylate, 1H, 1H, 7H-dodecafluoroheptyl (Meth)acrylate, 1H,1H,9H-hexadecafluorononyl (meth)acrylate, 1H-1-(trifluoromethyl)trifluoroethyl (meth)acrylate, 1H,1H,3H-hexafluorobutyl (meth)acrylate etc.
  • the repeating unit B possessed by the specific copolymer satisfying condition 2 is a repeating unit represented by the following formula (B-1) or (B-2).
  • R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • L 1 and L 3 are single bonds, or -O-, -S-, -COO-, -OCO-, -CONR L1 -, -NR L1 COO-, -CR L1 N-, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic group, and a divalent divalent selected from the group consisting of combinations thereof represents a linking group, and R L1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms;
  • ring A represents a ring structure having a cationized nitrogen atom.
  • X represents an anion.
  • L 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
  • R 4 and R 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or represents an unsubstituted heteroaryl group, and R 4 and R 5 may be linked to each other through a linking group consisting of an alkylene linking group, an arylene linking group, or a combination thereof.
  • R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, as described above.
  • An alkyl group having 1 to 10 numbers is preferred, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferred, and a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is even more preferred.
  • L 1 and L 3 are, as described above, single bonds or -O-, -S-, -COO-, -OCO-, - selected from the group consisting of CONR L1 -, -NR L1 COO-, -CR L1 N-, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic group, and a combination thereof;
  • R L1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • the substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic group represented by one aspect of L 1 and L 3 is, for example, an optionally substituted alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituent
  • a cycloalkylene group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (e.g., cyclohexylene group) that may have is more preferred, and methylene group, ethylene group, propylene group and butylene group are still more preferred.
  • the substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic group represented by one aspect of L 1 and L 3 is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent or having a substituent divalent aromatic heterocyclic group which may be present.
  • the divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group includes, for example, a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, a triphenylene ring, a fluorene ring, and the like.
  • Examples include groups obtained by removing one atom each, and among these, a phenylene group or a naphthylene group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom each from two carbon atoms constituting the ring structure of a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring is preferable. .
  • divalent aromatic heterocyclic groups include aromatic heterocyclic rings such as furan ring, pyrrole ring, thiophene ring, pyridine ring, thiazole ring, benzothiazole ring, oxadiazole ring, thiazolothiazole ring and phenanthroline ring. and a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from each of two carbon atoms constituting the ring structure of .
  • substituent that the divalent aliphatic group or the divalent aromatic group may have include the groups described for the substituent W described above.
  • the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by one aspect of R L1 described above is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and specifically, for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, and n-hexyl group.
  • ring A represents a ring structure having a cationized nitrogen atom, as described above.
  • Ring A preferably has a ring structure represented by the following formula (B-1-1).
  • * represents the bonding position with L1 .
  • the ring structure of ring A includes, for example, pyridine ring, picoline ring, 2,2′-bipyridyl ring, 4,4′-bipyridyl ring, 1,10-phenanthroline ring, quinoline ring, oxazole ring, thiazole ring and imidazole ring. , pyrazine ring, triazole ring, and tetrazole ring. Moreover, as the ring A, a quaternary imidazolium ion and a quaternary pyridinium ion are preferable.
  • X represents an anion as described above.
  • X include halogen anions (e.g., fluorine ion, chloride ion, bromide ion, iodine ion, etc.), sulfonate ions (e.g., methanesulfonate ion, trifluoromethanesulfonate ion, methylsulfate ion, vinylsulfonate ion, , allylsulfonate ion, p-toluenesulfonate ion, p-chlorobenzenesulfonate ion, p-vinylbenzenesulfonate ion, 1,3-benzenedisulfonate ion, 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate ion, 2,6- naphthalenedisulfonate ion, etc.), sulfate ion, carbon
  • Halogen anions, sulfonate ions and hydroxide ions are preferred. Chloride ion, bromide ion, iodide ion, methanesulfonate ion, vinylsulfonate ion, p-toluenesulfonate ion and p-vinylbenzenesulfonate ion are particularly preferred.
  • L 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent as described above.
  • substituent represented by one aspect of L 2 include the groups described for the substituent W described above, and among them, an alkylamino group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group alkyl groups, etc.), heterocyclic groups, and cyano groups are preferred.
  • R 4 and R 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, Alternatively, it represents a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, and R 4 and R 5 may be linked to each other through a linking group consisting of an alkylene linking group, an arylene linking group, or a combination thereof.
  • the substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group represented by one embodiment of R 4 and R 5 includes an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, or an alkynyl group which may have a substituent.
  • alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, and tridecyl groups.
  • hexadecyl group, octadecyl group, eicosyl group isopropyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, isopentyl group, neopentyl group, 1-methylbutyl group, isohexyl group, 2-methylhexyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl groups such as groups, 1-adamantyl groups, and 2-norbornyl groups.
  • alkenyl groups include linear groups such as vinyl, 1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 1-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-cyclopentenyl and 1-cyclohexenyl , branched or cyclic alkenyl groups.
  • alkynyl groups include ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 1-butynyl, and 1-octynyl groups.
  • the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group represented by one embodiment of R 4 and R 5 includes, for example, one in which 1 to 4 benzene rings form a condensed ring, and a benzene ring and an unsaturated five-membered ring condensed.
  • Examples include those having a ring, and specific examples include phenyl group, naphthyl group, anthryl group, phenanthryl group, indenyl group, acenabutenyl group, fluorenyl group, pyrenyl group and the like.
  • the substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group represented by one embodiment of R 4 and R 5 includes, for example, A heteroaryl group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom can be mentioned.
  • Specific examples of heteroaromatic rings containing one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, oxazole, and isoxazole.
  • R 4 and R 5 may have include the groups described for the substituent W described above.
  • monomers forming the repeating unit represented by formula (B-1) include monomers represented by formulas I-1 to I-11 below.
  • monomers forming the repeating unit represented by the above formula (B-2) include monomers represented by the following formulas II-1 to II-12.
  • the repeating unit B possessed by the specific copolymer that satisfies condition 2 is the repeating unit represented by the above formula (B-2), because the planar uniformity is improved and the contrast is further increased. is more preferable.
  • the specific copolymer that satisfies condition 2 above is preferable because the contrast is higher.
  • the specific copolymer satisfying condition 2 may further have a repeating unit B possessed by the specific copolymer satisfying condition 1 described above, that is, a repeating unit having a polar group at the end of the side chain, Condition 1 described above may be satisfied.
  • the content of the repeating unit A contained in the specific copolymer is preferably 10 to 90% by mass with respect to the total mass of the specific copolymer (specific surfactant), and is preferably 30 to 80 mass. % is more preferred.
  • the content of the repeating unit B in the specific copolymer is 5 to 50% by mass with respect to the total mass of the specific surfactant (specific copolymer) for the reason that the contrast is higher. preferably 10 to 50% by mass, more preferably 15 to 45% by mass.
  • the specific copolymer preferably further contains a repeating unit C containing a polymerizable group for the reason that the adhesion between the anisotropic light absorption layer and the adjacent layer is improved.
  • the repeating unit C is preferably a repeating unit represented by the following formula (P-1).
  • R 11 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • An alkyl group of 4 is more preferred, and a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is even more preferred.
  • L 4 is a single bond, or -O-, -S-, -COO-, -OCO-, -CONR L2 -, -NR L2 COO-, -CR L2 N-, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic group, and a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of combinations thereof ; , a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or -L 4 -P 1 .
  • P 1 when R L2 is -L 4 -P 1 represents a polymerizable group, like P 1 in (P-1) above.
  • the divalent aliphatic group and the divalent aromatic group represented by L 4 include the same groups as described for L 1 in formula (B-1) above, and The alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by .
  • P 1 represents a polymerizable group.
  • the polymerizable group represented by P 1 in the above formula (I) is any selected from the group consisting of groups represented by the following formulas (P-1) to (P-7) Among them, any polymerizable group selected from the group consisting of groups represented by the following formulas (P-1) to (P-3) is more preferable, A polymerizable group represented by the following formula (P-1) or (P-2) is more preferable.
  • R 30 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and two R 30 may be the same or different, and may be linked together to form a ring structure. Further, specific examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by R 30 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group and an n-butyl group.
  • the repeating unit represented by the above formula (P-1) is such that R 11 in the above formula (P-1) is a hydrogen atom. Or a methyl group, and L 4 in the above formula (P-1) is -O-, -COO-, -OCO-, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic group (preferably, carbon number 2 to 8 alkylene groups) are preferred.
  • repeating unit C include repeating units represented by the following formula.
  • the content of the repeating unit C is preferably 1 to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of the specific surfactant (specific copolymer), 5 to It is more preferably 20% by mass.
  • the content of the specific interface improver (specific copolymer) is 0.001 to 5% by mass with respect to the total solid mass of the liquid crystal composition, for the reason that the surface uniformity is improved and the contrast is also increased. , more preferably 0.005 to 3% by mass, even more preferably 0.01 to 2% by mass.
  • the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the specific interface improver (specific copolymer) is preferably 2,000 to 500,000, more preferably 3,000 to 300,000, more preferably 4,000, because the surface uniformity is better and the contrast is higher. ⁇ 100,000 is more preferred.
  • the weight average molecular weight and number average molecular weight in the present invention are values measured by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method.
  • the liquid crystal composition contains a liquid crystalline compound.
  • the dichroic substance can be oriented with a high degree of orientation while suppressing precipitation of the dichroic substance.
  • the liquid crystalline compound contained in the liquid crystal composition can generally be classified into a rod-like type and a disk-like type according to its shape.
  • the liquid crystalline compound is preferably a liquid crystalline compound that does not exhibit dichroism in the visible region.
  • "higher degree of orientation of the formed light absorption anisotropic layer” is also referred to as "higher effect of the present invention”.
  • liquid crystalline compound both a low-molecular-weight liquid crystalline compound and a high-molecular-weight liquid crystalline compound can be used.
  • low-molecular-weight liquid crystalline compound refers to a liquid crystalline compound having no repeating unit in its chemical structure.
  • polymeric liquid crystalline compound refers to a liquid crystalline compound having a repeating unit in its chemical structure.
  • low-molecular-weight liquid crystalline compounds include liquid crystalline compounds described in JP-A-2013-228706.
  • polymer liquid crystalline compounds include thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers described in JP-A-2011-237513.
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound may have a crosslinkable group (for example, an acryloyl group and a methacryloyl group) at its terminal.
  • the liquid crystalline compound is preferably a rod-like liquid crystalline compound, more preferably a polymer liquid crystalline compound, because the effects of the present invention are likely to be manifested.
  • a liquid crystalline compound may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
  • the liquid crystalline compound preferably contains a macromolecular liquid crystalline compound, and particularly preferably contains both a macromolecular liquid crystalline compound and a low molecular liquid crystalline compound, from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention are more excellent.
  • the liquid crystalline compound preferably contains a liquid crystalline compound represented by formula (LC) or a polymer thereof.
  • the liquid crystalline compound represented by formula (LC) or a polymer thereof is a compound exhibiting liquid crystallinity.
  • the liquid crystallinity may be a nematic phase or a smectic phase, or may exhibit both a nematic phase and a smectic phase, and preferably exhibits at least a nematic phase.
  • the smectic phase may be a higher order smectic phase.
  • the higher-order smectic phases referred to herein include smectic B phase, smectic D phase, smectic E phase, smectic F phase, smectic G phase, smectic H phase, smectic I phase, smectic J phase, smectic K phase, smectic L phase, Among them, smectic B phase, smectic F phase and smectic I phase are preferable.
  • the smectic liquid crystal phase exhibited by the liquid crystalline compound is such a high-order smectic liquid crystal phase, a light absorption anisotropic layer having a higher degree of orientational order can be produced.
  • a light absorption anisotropic layer produced from a high-order smectic liquid crystal phase with a high degree of orientational order can obtain a Bragg peak derived from a high-order structure such as a hexatic phase or a crystal phase in X-ray diffraction measurement.
  • the above-mentioned Bragg peak is a peak derived from the plane periodic structure of molecular orientation, and according to the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, a light absorption anisotropic layer having a periodic interval of 3.0 to 5.0 ⁇ can be obtained. can be done.
  • Q1 and Q2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • R P is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms an alkenyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic group (also referred to as a heterocyclic group) , cyano group, hydroxy group, nitro group, carboxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, amino group (including anilino group) ), ammonio group, acylamino group, aminocarbonylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, sulfamoylamino group, alkyl or arylsulfonylamino group, mercapto group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, heterocycl
  • a preferred embodiment of the crosslinkable group includes a radically polymerizable group or a cationic polymerizable group.
  • the radically polymerizable group includes a vinyl group represented by the above formula (P-1), a butadiene group represented by the above formula (P-2), and a (meth)acrylic group represented by the above formula (P-4).
  • the styryl group represented by the formula (P-8), the vinylpyrrolidone group represented by the formula (P-9), the maleic anhydride represented by the formula (P-11), or the formula (P -12) is preferred.
  • a vinyl ether group represented by the above formula (P-18), an epoxy group represented by the above formula (P-19), or an oxetanyl group represented by the above formula (P-20) is preferred.
  • S1 and S2 each independently represent a divalent spacer group, and a preferred embodiment of S1 and S2 includes the same structure as SPW in formula (W1) above, so the description thereof is omitted. do.
  • MG represents a mesogenic group to be described later.
  • the mesogenic group represented by MG is a group showing the main skeleton of liquid crystal molecules that contributes to liquid crystal formation. Liquid crystal molecules exhibit liquid crystallinity, which is an intermediate state (mesophase) between a crystalline state and an isotropic liquid state.
  • the mesogenic group represented by MG preferably contains 2 to 10 cyclic structures, more preferably 3 to 7 cyclic structures. Specific examples of cyclic structures include aromatic hydrocarbon groups, heterocyclic groups, and alicyclic groups.
  • MG-A mesogenic group represented by MG
  • MG-B a group represented by formula (MG-B) is more preferred.
  • A1 is a divalent group selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbon groups, heterocyclic groups and alicyclic groups. These groups may be substituted with a substituent such as the substituent W.
  • the divalent group represented by A1 is preferably a 4- to 15-membered ring. Also, the divalent group represented by A1 may be monocyclic or condensed. * represents the binding position with S1 or S2.
  • the divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group represented by A1 includes a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorene-diyl group, an anthracene-diyl group and a tetracene-diyl group.
  • a phenylene group and a naphthylene group are preferable from the viewpoint of properties.
  • the divalent heterocyclic group represented by A1 may be either aromatic or non-aromatic, but from the viewpoint of further improving the degree of orientation, it is preferably a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group.
  • Atoms other than carbon constituting the divalent aromatic heterocyclic group include a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom and an oxygen atom.
  • the aromatic heterocyclic group has a plurality of non-carbon ring-constituting atoms, these may be the same or different.
  • divalent aromatic heterocyclic groups include, for example, pyridylene group (pyridine-diyl group), pyridazine-diyl group, imidazole-diyl group, thienylene (thiophene-diyl group), quinolylene group (quinoline-diyl group ), isoquinolylene group (isoquinoline-diyl group), oxazole-diyl group, thiazole-diyl group, oxadiazole-diyl group, benzothiazole-diyl group, benzothiadiazole-diyl group, phthalimide-diyl group, thienothiazole-diyl group , thiazolothiazole-diyl group, thienothiophene-diyl group, and thienooxazole-diyl group, structures (II-1) to (II-4) below,
  • D 1 represents -S-, -O-, or NR 11 -
  • R 11 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
  • Y 1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms
  • Z 1 , Z 2 and Z 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1 to 20 aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, 3 to 20 carbon atoms alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, monovalent C 6 to 20 aromatic hydrocarbon groups, halogen atoms, cyano groups, nitro groups
  • —NR 12 represents R 13 or —SR 12
  • Z 1 and Z 2 may combine with each other to form an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring
  • R 12 and R 13 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a and J 1 and J 2 each independently represent an alkyl group of -O-, -NR 21 - (R 21 represents a hydrogen
  • Y 1 when Y 1 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, it may be monocyclic or polycyclic. When Y 1 is an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, it may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
  • J 1 and J 2 when J 1 and J 2 represent —NR 21 —, the substituents of R 21 can be referred to, for example, paragraphs 0035 to 0045 of JP-A-2008-107767, The contents of which are incorporated herein.
  • R ' represents a substituent, for example, the description of paragraphs [0035] to [0045] of JP-A-2008-107767 can be referred to, and -NZ A1 Z A2 (Z A1 and Z A2 are each independently , represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group).
  • divalent alicyclic group represented by A1 include a cyclopentylene group and a cyclohexylene group, and the carbon atoms are -O-, -Si(CH 3 ) 2 -, -N( Z)—(Z is hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, a cyano group, or a halogen atom.), —C(O)—, —S—, —C (S)—, —S(O)—, and —SO 2 —, optionally substituted by a group consisting of two or more of these groups.
  • a1 represents an integer of 2-10.
  • a plurality of A1's may be the same or different.
  • A2 and A3 are each independently a divalent group selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbon groups, heterocyclic groups and alicyclic groups. Specific examples and preferred embodiments of A2 and A3 are the same as those of A1 in Formula (MG-A), and thus description thereof is omitted.
  • a2 represents an integer of 1 to 10, multiple A2 may be the same or different, and multiple LA1 may be the same or different. It is more preferable that a2 is 2 or more because the effects of the present invention are more excellent.
  • LA1 is a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • LA1 is a divalent linking group
  • a2 is 2 or more
  • at least one of the plurality of LA1 is a divalent linking group.
  • the divalent linking group represented by LA1 is the same as for LW, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
  • MG include the following structures.
  • hydrogen atoms on aromatic hydrocarbon groups, heterocyclic groups and alicyclic groups are substituted with the substituent W described above. good too.
  • the liquid crystal compound represented by formula (LC) is a low-molecular-weight liquid crystalline compound
  • preferred embodiments of the cyclic structure of the mesogenic group MG include a cyclohexylene group, a cyclopentylene group, a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, and a fluorene- diyl group, pyridine-diyl group, pyridazine-diyl group, thiophene-diyl group, oxazole-diyl group, thiazole-diyl group, thienothiophene-diyl group, etc., and the number of cyclic structures is 2 to 10.
  • Preferred embodiments of the substituent W of the mesogenic structure include a halogen atom, a halogenated alkyl group, a cyano group, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, a carboxy group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an alkylcarbonyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • an alkyloxycarbonyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an amino group, an alkylamino group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkylaminocarbonyl group, the above formula (W1) where LW is is a single bond, SPW is a divalent spacer group, Q is a crosslinkable group represented by the above (P1) to (P30), and the like, and the crosslinkable group is a vinyl group.
  • butadiene group (meth)acryl group, (meth)acrylamide group, vinyl acetate group, fumarate ester group, styryl group, vinylpyrrolidone group, maleic anhydride, maleimide group, vinyl ether group, epoxy group, and oxetanyl group are preferable. .
  • the divalent spacer groups S1 and S2 are the same as those described above for SPW, so description thereof will be omitted.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the spacer group is preferably 6 or more carbon atoms, more preferably 8 or more. preferable.
  • liquid crystalline compound represented by the formula (LC) is a low-molecular-weight liquid crystalline compound
  • a plurality of low-molecular-weight liquid crystalline compounds may be used in combination. Combined use is more preferable.
  • low-molecular-weight liquid crystal compounds include compounds represented by the following formulas (LC-1) to (LC-77), but low-molecular-weight liquid crystal compounds are not limited to these.
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound is preferably a homopolymer or copolymer containing repeating units described later, and may be any polymer such as random polymer, block polymer, graft polymer, star polymer, and the like.
  • the polymeric liquid crystalline compound preferably contains a repeating unit represented by formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as “repeating unit (1)”).
  • PC1 represents the main chain of the repeating unit
  • L1 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group
  • SP1 represents a spacer group
  • MG1 represents the mesogenic group MG in the above formula (LC).
  • T1 represent terminal groups.
  • the main chain of the repeating unit represented by PC1 includes, for example, groups represented by formulas (P1-A) to (P1-D), among which the diversity of raw material monomers and ease of handling From the viewpoint of being, a group represented by the following formula (P1-A) is preferable.
  • R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, represents an alkoxy group of 1 to 10;
  • the alkyl group may be a linear or branched alkyl group, or may be an alkyl group having a cyclic structure (cycloalkyl group).
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 5.
  • the group represented by formula (P1-A) is preferably one unit of the partial structure of poly(meth)acrylic acid ester obtained by polymerization of (meth)acrylic acid ester.
  • the group represented by formula (P1-B) is preferably an ethylene glycol unit formed by ring-opening polymerization of an epoxy group of a compound having an epoxy group.
  • the group represented by formula (P1-C) is preferably a propylene glycol unit formed by ring-opening polymerization of an oxetane group of a compound having an oxetane group.
  • the group represented by formula (P1-D) is preferably a siloxane unit of polysiloxane obtained by condensation polymerization of a compound having at least one of an alkoxysilyl group and a silanol group.
  • the compound having at least one of an alkoxysilyl group and a silanol group includes a compound having a group represented by the formula SiR 14 (OR 15 ) 2 —.
  • R 14 has the same definition as R 14 in (P1-D), and each of a plurality of R 15 independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the divalent linking group represented by L1 is the same divalent linking group as LW in the above formula (W1), and preferred embodiments are -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, - O-, -S-, -C(O)NR 16 -, -NR 16 C(O)-, -S(O) 2 -, and -NR 16 R 17 -.
  • R 16 and R 17 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent (for example, the substituent W described above).
  • the left-hand bond is attached to PC1 and the right-hand bond is attached to SP1.
  • L1 is preferably a group represented by -C(O)O- or -C(O)NR 16 -.
  • PC1 is a group represented by formulas (P1-B) to (P1-D)
  • L1 is preferably a single bond.
  • the spacer group represented by SP1 represents the same group as S1 and S2 in the above formula (LC), and is selected from the group consisting of an oxyethylene structure, an oxypropylene structure, a polysiloxane structure and an alkylene fluoride structure from the viewpoint of the degree of orientation. or a linear or branched alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • the above alkylene groups are -O-, -S-, -O-CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-O-, -O-CNR- (R is a represents an alkyl group.) or —S(O) 2 —.
  • the spacer group represented by SP1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of an oxyethylene structure, an oxypropylene structure, a polysiloxane structure and an alkylene fluoride structure, for reasons such as the ease of exhibiting liquid crystallinity and the availability of raw materials.
  • a group containing a seed structure is more preferred.
  • the oxyethylene structure represented by SP1 is preferably a group represented by *--(CH 2 --CH 2 O) n1 --*.
  • n1 represents an integer of 1 to 20
  • * represents the binding position with L1 or MG1.
  • n1 is preferably an integer of 2 to 10, more preferably an integer of 2 to 6, and most preferably 2 to 4, because the effects of the present invention are more excellent.
  • the oxypropylene structure represented by SP1 is preferably a group represented by *-(CH(CH 3 )-CH 2 O) n2 -*.
  • n2 represents an integer of 1 to 3
  • * represents the binding position with L1 or MG1.
  • the polysiloxane structure represented by SP1 is preferably a group represented by *-(Si(CH 3 ) 2 -O) n3 -*.
  • n3 represents an integer of 6 to 10
  • * represents the binding position with L1 or MG1.
  • the fluorinated alkylene structure represented by SP1 is preferably a group represented by *-(CF 2 -CF 2 ) n4 -*.
  • n4 represents an integer of 6 to 10, * represents the binding position with L1 or MG1.
  • Terminal groups represented by T1 include a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a hydroxy group, —SH, a carboxyl group, a boronic acid group, —SO 3 H, —PO 3 H 2 , —NR 11 R 12 ( R 11 and R 12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group), an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 10 carbon atoms, alkylthio group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxycarbonyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, acyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, acylamino group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 10 carbon atoms carbonyl group, alkoxycarbon
  • crosslinkable group-containing group examples include the -L-CL described above.
  • L represents a single bond or a linking group. Specific examples of the linking group are the same as LW and SPW described above.
  • CL represents a crosslinkable group and includes groups represented by Q1 or Q2 described above, preferably groups represented by formulas (P1) to (P30) described above.
  • T1 may be a group in which two or more of these groups are combined. T1 is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and even more preferably a methoxy group, because the effects of the present invention are more excellent.
  • the number of atoms in the main chain of T1 is preferably from 1 to 20, more preferably from 1 to 15, even more preferably from 1 to 10, and particularly preferably from 1 to 7, because the effects of the present invention are more excellent.
  • the number of atoms in the main chain of T1 is 20 or less, the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer is further improved.
  • the "main chain" in T1 means the longest molecular chain that binds to M1, and hydrogen atoms are not counted in the number of atoms in the main chain of T1. For example, when T1 is an n-butyl group, the number of atoms in the main chain is 4, and when T1 is a sec-butyl group, the number of atoms in the main chain is 3.
  • the content of the repeating unit (1) is preferably 40 to 100% by mass, more preferably 50 to 95% by mass, based on the total repeating units (100% by mass) of the polymer liquid crystalline compound. If the content of the repeating unit (1) is 40% by mass or more, an excellent optical absorption anisotropic layer can be obtained due to good orientation. Moreover, when the content of the repeating unit (1) is 100% by mass or less, an excellent optical absorption anisotropic layer can be obtained due to good orientation.
  • the repeating unit (1) may be contained alone or in combination of two or more in the polymer liquid crystalline compound. When two or more repeating units (1) are contained, the content of the repeating units (1) means the total content of the repeating units (1).
  • ) is 4 or more, and from the viewpoint of further improving the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer, it is preferably 4.25 or more, more preferably 4.5 or more.
  • the upper limit of the difference is preferably 15 or less, more preferably 12 or less, and even more preferably 10 or less, from the viewpoint of adjustment of the liquid crystal phase transition temperature and synthesis suitability.
  • the logP value is an index that expresses the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of a chemical structure, and is sometimes called a hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity parameter. LogP values can be calculated using software such as ChemBioDraw Ultra or HSPiP (Ver.4.1.07).
  • the logP 1 means the logP values of PC1, L1 and SP1 as described above.
  • PC1, L1 and SP1 logP value means the logP value of the structure in which PC1, L1 and SP1 are integrated, and is not the sum of the respective logP values of PC1, L1 and SP1. Specifically, logP 1 is calculated by inputting a series of structural formulas from PC1 to SP1 in formula (1) into the software.
  • the portion of the group represented by PC1 is the structure of the group itself represented by PC1 (for example, the above-mentioned formula (P1-A ) to formula (P1-D), etc.) may be used, or the structure of a group that can be PC1 after polymerizing the monomer used to obtain the repeating unit represented by formula (1) good too.
  • specific examples of the latter are as follows.
  • PC1 when PC1 is obtained by polymerization of ethylene glycol, it is ethylene glycol, and when PC1 is obtained by polymerization of propylene glycol, it is propylene glycol.
  • a silanol a compound represented by the formula Si(R 2 ) 3 (OH).
  • a plurality of R 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. However, , at least one of a plurality of R 2 represents an alkyl group).
  • logP 1 may be lower than logP 2 or higher than logP 2 as long as the difference from logP 2 described above is 4 or more.
  • the logP value of common mesogenic groups tends to be in the range of 4-6.
  • the value of logP 1 is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0 or less.
  • the value of logP 1 is preferably 8 or more, more preferably 9 or more.
  • the logP value of SP1 in the above formula ( 1 ) is 3. 7 or more is preferable, and 4.2 or more is more preferable.
  • Examples of structures with a logP value of 1 or less include an oxyethylene structure and an oxypropylene structure.
  • Structures with a logP value of 6 or more include a polysiloxane structure and an alkylene fluoride structure.
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound preferably contains an electron-donating and/or electron-withdrawing repeating unit at the end. More specifically, a repeating unit (21) having a mesogenic group and an electron-withdrawing group having a ⁇ p value of greater than 0 present at the end thereof, and a mesogenic group and a ⁇ p value of 0 or less present at the end of the repeating unit (21) and a repeating unit (22) having a group.
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound contains the repeating unit (21) and the repeating unit (22), it is superior to the case where the compound contains only the repeating unit (21) or the repeating unit (22).
  • the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer formed using is improved. Although the details of the reason for this are not clear, it is roughly estimated as follows. That is, the opposite dipole moments generated in the repeating unit (21) and the repeating unit (22) interact intermolecularly, thereby strengthening the interaction in the minor axis direction of the mesogenic group, and the liquid crystal is formed. It is presumed that the alignment direction becomes more uniform, and as a result, the degree of order of the liquid crystal increases. As a result, the orientation of the dichroic substance is also improved, so it is presumed that the degree of orientation of the formed light absorption anisotropic layer increases.
  • the repeating units (21) and (22) may be repeating units represented by the formula (1).
  • the repeating unit (21) has a mesogenic group and an electron-withdrawing group having a ⁇ p value of greater than 0 present at the end of the mesogenic group.
  • the electron-withdrawing group is located at the end of the mesogenic group and has a ⁇ p value of greater than zero.
  • Examples of electron-withdrawing groups include groups represented by EWG in formula (LCP-21) described later, and specific examples thereof are the same.
  • the ⁇ p value of the electron-withdrawing group is preferably 0.3 or more, more preferably 0.4 or more, because it is greater than 0 and the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer becomes higher.
  • the upper limit of the ⁇ p value of the electron-withdrawing group is preferably 1.2 or less, more preferably 1.0 or less, from the viewpoint of excellent alignment uniformity.
  • the ⁇ p value is Hammett's substituent constant ⁇ p value (also abbreviated simply as " ⁇ p value”), which numerically represents the effect of a substituent on the acid dissociation equilibrium constant of a substituted benzoic acid. It is a parameter that indicates the strength of electron-withdrawing and electron-donating properties.
  • Hammett's substituent constant ⁇ p value in this specification means the substituent constant ⁇ when the substituent is located at the para-position of benzoic acid.
  • Hammett's substituent constant ⁇ p value of each group in the present specification adopts the value described in the document "Hansch et al., Chemical Reviews, 1991, Vol, 91, No. 2, 165-195".
  • the repeating unit (21) is not particularly limited as long as it has a mesogenic group in a side chain and an electron-withdrawing group having a ⁇ p value greater than 0 present at the end of the mesogenic group, but the light absorption anisotropic layer A repeating unit represented by the following formula (LCP-21) is preferable because the degree of orientation of is higher.
  • PC21 represents the main chain of the repeating unit, more specifically represents the same structure as PC1 in formula (1) above, and L21 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • L21A and SP21B each independently represent a single bond or a spacer group, and specific examples of the spacer group are SP1 in the above formula (1)
  • MG21 represents a mesogenic structure, more specifically the mesogenic group MG in the above formula (LC), and EWG represents an electron-withdrawing group with a ⁇ p value of greater than zero.
  • the spacer groups represented by SP21A and SP21B are the same groups as in formulas S1 and S2 above, and have at least one structure selected from the group consisting of an oxyethylene structure, an oxypropylene structure, a polysiloxane structure and an alkylene fluoride structure. containing group, or a linear or branched alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. However, the above alkylene group may contain -O-, -O-CO-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-O-.
  • the spacer group represented by SP1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of an oxyethylene structure, an oxypropylene structure, a polysiloxane structure and an alkylene fluoride structure, for reasons such as the ease of exhibiting liquid crystallinity and the availability of raw materials. It preferably contains a seed structure.
  • SP21B is preferably a single bond or a linear or branched alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • the above alkylene group may contain -O-, -O-CO-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-O-.
  • the spacer group represented by SP21B is preferably a single bond because the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer becomes higher.
  • the repeating unit 21 preferably has a structure in which the electron-withdrawing group EWG in formula (LCP-21) directly connects to the mesogenic group MG21 in formula (LCP-21).
  • the intermolecular interaction due to the appropriate dipole moment in the polymer liquid crystalline compound works more effectively, and the orientation direction of the liquid crystal is changed. It is presumed to be more uniform, and as a result, it is believed that the liquid crystal has a higher degree of order and a higher degree of orientation.
  • Electron-withdrawing groups having a ⁇ p value greater than 0 include an ester group (specifically, a group represented by *—C(O) ORE ), a (meth)acryloyl group, and a (meth)acryloyloxy group.
  • R E represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms).
  • Each R F independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms).
  • EWG is a group represented by *-C(O)O- RE , a (meth)acryloyloxy group, a cyano group, or a nitro group, since the effect of the present invention is more exhibited. , is preferred.
  • the content of the repeating unit (21) is such that the polymer liquid crystalline compound and the dichroic substance can be uniformly oriented while maintaining a high degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer. It is preferably 60% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 45% by mass or less, relative to all repeating units (100% by mass).
  • the lower limit of the content of the repeating unit (21) is preferably 1% by mass or more based on the total repeating units (100% by mass) of the polymer liquid crystalline compound, from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention are more exhibited. , more preferably 3% by mass or more.
  • each repeating unit contained in the polymer liquid crystalline compound is calculated based on the charged amount (mass) of each monomer used to obtain each repeating unit.
  • the repeating unit (21) may be contained singly or in combination of two or more in the polymer liquid crystalline compound.
  • the polymeric liquid crystalline compound contains two or more repeating units (21)
  • advantages such as improved solubility of the polymeric liquid crystalline compound in a solvent and easy adjustment of the liquid crystal phase transition temperature are obtained. be.
  • the total amount is preferably within the above range.
  • repeating units (21) in which the EWG does not contain a crosslinkable group and the repeating units (21) in which the EWG contains a polymerizable group may be used in combination. This further improves the curability of the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • crosslinkable groups include vinyl group, butadiene group, (meth)acryl group, (meth)acrylamide group, vinyl acetate group, fumarate ester group, styryl group, vinylpyrrolidone group, maleic anhydride, maleimide group, and vinyl ether. groups, epoxy groups, oxetanyl groups are preferred.
  • the content of the repeating unit (21) containing a polymerizable group in the EWG should be less than the total repeating units (100 %), preferably 1 to 30% by mass.
  • repeating unit (21) An example of the repeating unit (21) is shown below, but the repeating unit (21) is not limited to the following repeating units.
  • the present inventors have extensively studied the composition (content ratio) and the electron-donating and electron-withdrawing properties of the terminal groups of the repeating unit (21) and the repeating unit (22).
  • the group has a strong electron-withdrawing property (that is, when the ⁇ p value is large)
  • the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer can be increased by reducing the content of the repeating unit (21).
  • ) has a weak electron-withdrawing property (that is, when the ⁇ p value is close to 0)
  • the higher the content of the repeating unit (21) the higher the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer. found to be higher.
  • the orientation of the liquid crystal becomes more uniform due to the intermolecular interaction caused by the appropriate dipole moment in the polymer liquid crystalline compound. It is believed that the anisotropic layer has a higher degree of orientation.
  • the ⁇ p value of the electron-withdrawing group (EWG in the formula (LCP-21)) in the repeating unit (21) and the content ratio (mass basis) of the repeating unit (21) in the polymer liquid crystalline compound ) is preferably 0.020 to 0.150, more preferably 0.050 to 0.130, and particularly preferably 0.055 to 0.125. If the above product is within the above range, the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer will be higher.
  • the repeating unit (22) has a mesogenic group and a group having a ⁇ p value of 0 or less present at the end of the mesogenic group.
  • the mesogenic group is a group showing the main skeleton of the liquid crystal molecule that contributes to liquid crystal formation, and the details are as described for MG in formula (LCP-22) below, and the specific examples are the same.
  • the group is positioned at the end of the mesogenic group and has a ⁇ p value of 0 or less.
  • Examples of the above groups include a hydrogen atom with a ⁇ p value of 0, and a group represented by T22 in the following formula (LCP-22) with a ⁇ p value smaller than 0 (electron donor group).
  • specific examples of the group having a ⁇ p value of less than 0 (electron-donating group) are the same as T22 in formula (LCP-22) described later.
  • the ⁇ p value of the group is 0 or less, preferably less than 0, more preferably ⁇ 0.1 or less, and particularly preferably ⁇ 0.2 or less, from the viewpoint of better alignment uniformity.
  • the lower limit of the ⁇ p value of the group is preferably ⁇ 0.9 or more, more preferably ⁇ 0.7 or more.
  • the repeating unit (22) is not particularly limited as long as it has a mesogenic group in the side chain and a group having a ⁇ p value of 0 or less present at the end of the mesogenic group, but the uniformity of the liquid crystal alignment is improved. From the viewpoint of increasing the cost, it is preferably a repeating unit represented by the following formula (PCP-22) instead of the repeating unit represented by the above formula (LCP-21).
  • PC22 represents the main chain of the repeating unit, more specifically represents the same structure as PC1 in formula (1) above, and L22 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • SP22 represents a spacer group, more specifically represents the same structure as SP1 in the above formula (1)
  • MG22 is It represents a mesogenic structure, more specifically, a structure similar to the mesogenic group MG in the above formula (LC), and T22 represents an electron-donating group having a Hammett's substituent constant ⁇ p value of less than zero.
  • T22 represents an electron-donating group with a ⁇ p value of less than zero.
  • the electron-donating group having a ⁇ p value of less than 0 include a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an alkylamino group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the "main chain" in T22 means the longest molecular chain that binds to MG22, and hydrogen atoms are not counted in the number of atoms in the main chain of T22. For example, when T22 is an n-butyl group, the main chain has 4 atoms, and when T22 is a sec-butyl group, the main chain has 3 atoms.
  • repeating unit (22) An example of the repeating unit (22) is shown below, but the repeating unit (22) is not simply limited to the following repetitions.
  • the repeating unit (21) and the repeating unit (22) share a part of the structure. It is presumed that the more similar the structures of the repeating units are, the more uniformly the liquid crystals are aligned. Thereby, the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer becomes higher. Specifically, SP21A in formula (LCP-21) and SP22 in formula (LCP-22) have the same structure because the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer is higher.
  • the content of the repeating unit (22) is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 55% by mass or more, based on the total repeating units (100% by mass) of the polymer liquid crystalline compound from the viewpoint of excellent alignment uniformity. More preferably, 60% by mass or more is particularly preferable.
  • the upper limit of the content of the repeating unit (22) is preferably 99% by mass or less, more preferably 97% by mass, based on the total repeating units (100% by mass) of the polymer liquid crystalline compound from the viewpoint of improving the degree of orientation. The following are more preferred.
  • the repeating unit (22) may be contained alone or in combination of two or more in the polymer liquid crystalline compound.
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound contains two or more repeating units (22), advantages such as improved solubility of the polymer liquid crystalline compound in a solvent and easy adjustment of the liquid crystal phase transition temperature are obtained. be.
  • the total amount is preferably within the above range.
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound may contain a repeating unit (3) that does not contain a mesogen.
  • the repeating unit (3) containing no mesogen is a repeating unit having a molecular weight of 280 or less.
  • the solvent can easily enter the polymer liquid crystalline compound, so that the solubility is improved.
  • the repeating unit (3) is believed to reduce the degree of orientation. However, since the molecular weight of the repeating unit is small, the orientation of the repeating unit (1), the repeating unit (21), or the repeating unit (22) containing the mesogenic group is less likely to be disturbed, and a decrease in the degree of orientation can be suppressed. Presumed.
  • the repeating unit (3) is preferably a repeating unit having a molecular weight of 280 or less.
  • the molecular weight of the repeating unit (3) does not mean the molecular weight of the monomer used to obtain the repeating unit (3), but the repeating unit (3 ) means the molecular weight of The molecular weight of the repeating unit (3) is 280 or less, preferably 180 or less, more preferably 100 or less.
  • the lower limit of the molecular weight of the repeating unit (3) is usually 40 or more, more preferably 50 or more.
  • repeating unit (3) examples include a repeating unit containing no crosslinkable group (e.g., an ethylenically unsaturated group) (hereinafter also referred to as “repeating unit (3-1)”), and a crosslinkable group. (hereinafter also referred to as “repeating unit (3-2)”).
  • ⁇ Repeating unit (3-1) Specific examples of monomers used for polymerization of the repeating unit (3-1) include acrylic acid [72.1], ⁇ -alkylacrylic acids (e.g., methacrylic acid [86.1], itaconic acid [130.1 ]), esters and amides derived therefrom (e.g., Ni-propylacrylamide [113.2], Nn-butylacrylamide [127.2], Nt-butylacrylamide [127.2 ], N,N-dimethylacrylamide [99.1], N-methylmethacrylamide [99.1], acrylamide [71.1], methacrylamide [85.1], diacetoneacrylamide [169.2], acryloyl morpholine [141.2], N-methylol acrylamide [101.1], N-methylol methacrylamide [115.1], methyl acrylate [86.0], ethyl acrylate [100.1], hydroxyethyl acrylate [116.
  • acrylic acid [72.1] ⁇ -al
  • esters derived from maleic acid or fumaric acid e.g. dimethyl maleate [144.1], diethyl fumarate [172.2]
  • maleimides e.g. N-phenylmaleimide [173.2]
  • maleic acid [116.1] fumaric acid [116] .1]
  • p-styrenesulfonic acid 184.1]
  • acrylonitrile [53.1] methacrylonitrile [67.1]
  • dienes e.g.
  • aromatic vinyl compounds e.g., styrene [104.2], p-chlorostyrene [138.6], t-butylstyrene [160.3], ⁇ -methylstyrene [118.
  • N-vinylpyrrolidone [111.1], N-vinyloxazolidone [113.1], N-vinylsuccinimide [125.1], N-vinylformamide [71.1], N-vinyl-N -methylformamide [85.1], N-vinylacetamide [85.1], N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide [99.1], 1-vinylimidazole [94.1], 4-vinylpyridine [105.
  • the numerical value in [ ] means the molecular weight of a monomer. The above monomers may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • acrylic acid acrylic acid, ⁇ -alkylacrylic acids, esters and amides derived therefrom, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and aromatic vinyl compounds are preferred.
  • monomers other than those described above include Research Disclosure No. 1955 (July, 1980) can be used.
  • repeating unit (3-1) Specific examples of the repeating unit (3-1) and their molecular weights are shown below, but the present invention is not limited to these specific examples.
  • repeating unit (3-2) In the repeating unit (3-2), specific examples of the crosslinkable group include the groups represented by P1 to P30 above, vinyl group, butadiene group, (meth)acryl group, (meth)acrylamide group, acetic acid A vinyl group, a fumarate ester group, a styryl group, a vinylpyrrolidone group, a maleic anhydride group, a maleimide group, a vinyl ether group, an epoxy group, and an oxetanyl group are more preferable.
  • the repeating unit (3-2) is preferably a repeating unit represented by the following formula (3) from the viewpoint of easy polymerization.
  • PC32 represents the main chain of the repeating unit, more specifically represents the same structure as PC1 in the above formula (1)
  • L32 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group, More specifically, it has the same structure as L1 in formula (1) above
  • P32 represents a crosslinkable group represented by formulas (P1) to (P30) above.
  • repeating unit (3-2) and their weight average molecular weights (Mw) are shown below, but the present invention is not limited to these specific examples.
  • the content of the repeating unit (3) is less than 14% by mass, preferably 7% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, relative to the total repeating units (100% by mass) of the polymer liquid crystalline compound. .
  • the lower limit of the content of the repeating unit (3) is preferably 2% by mass or more, more preferably 3% by mass or more, based on the total repeating units (100% by mass) of the polymer liquid crystalline compound.
  • the content of the repeating unit (3) is less than 14% by mass, the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer is further improved. If the content of the repeating unit (3) is 2% by mass or more, the solubility of the polymer liquid crystalline compound is further improved.
  • the repeating unit (3) may be contained alone or in combination of two or more in the polymer liquid crystalline compound. When two or more repeating units (3) are included, the total amount is preferably within the above range.
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound can contain a repeating unit (4) having a flexible structure with a long molecular chain (SP4 in formula (4) described later) from the viewpoint of improving adhesion and surface uniformity.
  • SP4 in formula (4) described later a repeating unit (4) having a flexible structure with a long molecular chain
  • the reason for this is presumed as follows. That is, by including such a flexible structure with a long molecular chain, entanglement between the molecular chains constituting the polymer liquid crystal compound is likely to occur, and cohesion failure of the light absorption anisotropic layer (specifically, destruction of the light absorption anisotropic layer itself) is suppressed. As a result, it is presumed that the adhesion between the light absorption anisotropic layer and the underlying layer (for example, substrate or alignment film) is improved.
  • the underlying layer for example, substrate or alignment film
  • the decrease in planar uniformity is caused by the low compatibility between the dichroic substance and the polymer liquid crystalline compound.
  • compatibility between the dichroic substance and the polymer liquid crystalline compound is insufficient, it is considered that surface defects (orientation defects) occur with the precipitated dichroic substance as the nucleus.
  • the macromolecular liquid crystalline compound contains a flexible structure with a long molecular chain, the precipitation of the dichroic substance is suppressed, and a light absorption anisotropic layer with excellent planar uniformity can be obtained.
  • excellent planar uniformity means that the liquid crystal composition containing the polymer liquid crystalline compound is repelled on the underlying layer (for example, the base material or the alignment film) to cause less alignment defects.
  • the repeating unit (4) is a repeating unit represented by the following formula (4).
  • PC4 represents the main chain of the repeating unit, more specifically represents the same structure as PC1 in the above formula (1)
  • L4 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group, More specifically, it has the same structure as L1 in the above formula (1) (preferably a single bond)
  • SP4 represents an alkylene group having a main chain of 10 or more atoms
  • T4 represents a terminal group, and more Specifically, it represents the same structure as T1 in the above formula (1).
  • PC4 The specific example and preferred mode of PC4 are the same as PC1 in formula (1), so the description thereof is omitted.
  • SP4 represents an alkylene group having a main chain of 10 or more atoms.
  • R 21 to R 28 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Further, a hydrogen atom contained in one or more —CH 2 — constituting the alkylene group represented by SP4 may be replaced with the above “SP—H”.
  • the number of atoms in the main chain of SP4 is 10 or more, preferably 15 or more, more preferably 19 or more, from the viewpoint that a light absorption anisotropic layer having at least one of excellent adhesion and surface uniformity can be obtained.
  • the upper limit of the number of atoms in the main chain of SP2 is preferably 70 or less, more preferably 60 or less, and particularly preferably 50 or less, from the viewpoint of obtaining a light absorption anisotropic layer with an excellent degree of orientation.
  • the "main chain” in SP4 means a partial structure necessary for directly connecting L4 and T4, and the "number of atoms in the main chain” means the number of atoms constituting the above partial structure. means.
  • the "main chain" in SP4 is the partial structure with the shortest number of atoms connecting L4 and T4.
  • the number of atoms in the main chain is 10
  • SP4 is a 4,6-dimethyldodecanyl group
  • the number of atoms in the main chain is 12.
  • the frame represented by the dotted square corresponds to SP4
  • the number of atoms in the main chain of SP4 is 11. .
  • the alkylene group represented by SP4 may be linear or branched.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group represented by SP4 is preferably 8 to 80, preferably 15 to 80, more preferably 25 to 70, more preferably 25 to 60, from the viewpoint of obtaining an anisotropic light absorption layer with an excellent degree of orientation. Especially preferred.
  • One or more —CH 2 — constituting the alkylene group represented by SP4 is replaced by the above-mentioned “SP-C” from the viewpoint that a light absorption anisotropic layer having excellent adhesion and surface uniformity can be obtained.
  • SP-C the above-mentioned “SP-C” from the viewpoint that a light absorption anisotropic layer having excellent adhesion and surface uniformity can be obtained.
  • SP4 is an oxyalkylene structure in which one or more —CH 2 — constituting the alkylene group is replaced by —O—, and one or more —CH 2 —CH 2 — constituting the alkylene group is —O—.
  • a hydrogen atom contained in one or more —CH 2 — constituting the alkylene group represented by SP4 may be replaced by the aforementioned “SP—H”.
  • one or more hydrogen atoms contained in —CH 2 — may be replaced with “SP—H”.
  • a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a hydroxy group, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and 1 to 10 carbon atoms It is preferably at least one group selected from the group consisting of halogenated alkyl groups, and is selected from a hydroxy group, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and a branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. At least one group selected from the group consisting of is more preferred.
  • T4 represents a terminal group similar to T1, as described above, and includes a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphate group, a boronic acid group, an amino group, a cyano group, a nitro group, An optionally substituted phenyl group, -L-CL (L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group. Specific examples of the divalent linking group are the same as LW and SPW described above.
  • CL represents a crosslinkable group, and includes groups represented by the above Q1 or Q2, preferably crosslinkable groups represented by formulas (P1) to (P30).), and the above CL is preferably vinyl group, butadiene group, (meth)acryl group, (meth)acrylamide group, vinyl acetate group, fumarate ester group, styryl group, vinylpyrrolidone group, maleic anhydride, maleimide group, vinyl ether group, epoxy group, or oxetanyl is preferred.
  • the epoxy group may be an epoxycycloalkyl group, and the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl group portion of the epoxycycloalkyl group is preferably 3 to 15, more preferably 5 to 12, from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention are more excellent. , 6 (ie when the epoxycycloalkyl group is an epoxycyclohexyl group) are particularly preferred.
  • the substituent of the oxetanyl group include alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms are preferable from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention are more excellent.
  • the alkyl group as a substituent of the oxetanyl group may be linear or branched, but is preferably linear in terms of the effects of the present invention.
  • substituent of the phenyl group include boronic acid group, sulfonic acid group, vinyl group, and amino group, and boronic acid group is preferable from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention are more excellent.
  • repeating unit (4) include the following structures, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • n1 represents an integer of 2 or more
  • n2 represents an integer of 1 or more.
  • the content of the repeating unit (4) is preferably 2 to 20% by mass, more preferably 3 to 18% by mass, based on the total repeating units (100% by mass) of the polymer liquid crystalline compound. If the content of the repeating unit (4) is 2% by mass or more, a light absorption anisotropic layer with excellent adhesion can be obtained. Further, when the content of the repeating unit (4) is 20% by mass or less, a light absorption anisotropic layer having excellent planar uniformity can be obtained.
  • the repeating unit (4) may be contained alone or in combination of two or more in the polymer liquid crystalline compound. When two or more repeating units (4) are contained, the content of the repeating units (4) means the total content of the repeating units (4).
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound may contain repeating units (5) introduced by polymerizing a polyfunctional monomer.
  • the repeating unit (5) introduced by polymerizing the polyfunctional monomer is contained in an amount of 10% by mass or less.
  • the reason why the planar uniformity can be improved while suppressing the decrease in the degree of orientation by including the repeating unit (5) in an amount of 10% by mass or less is presumed as follows.
  • the repeating unit (5) is a unit introduced into the polymer liquid crystalline compound by polymerizing a polyfunctional monomer.
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound contains a polymer having a three-dimensional crosslinked structure formed by the repeating unit (5).
  • the content of the repeating unit (5) is small, the content of the polymer containing the repeating unit (5) is considered to be very small. It is presumed that the presence of such a small amount of high molecular weight material with a three-dimensional crosslinked structure inhibited the repelling of the liquid crystal composition, resulting in a light absorption anisotropic layer with excellent planar uniformity. be. In addition, it is presumed that the effect of suppressing the decrease in the degree of orientation could be maintained because the content of the high molecular weight substance was small.
  • the repeating unit (5) introduced by polymerizing the polyfunctional monomer is preferably a repeating unit represented by the following formula (5).
  • PC5A and PC5B represent the main chain of the repeating unit, and more specifically represent the same structure as PC1 in formula (1) above, and L5A and L5B are a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • L5A and L5B are a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • SP5A and SP5B represent spacer groups, more specifically the same structure as SP1 in the above formula (1)
  • MG5A and MG5B represent a mesogenic structure, more specifically, a structure similar to the mesogenic group MG in formula (LC) above, and a and b represent integers of 0 or 1.
  • PC5A and PC5B may be the same group or different groups, but from the viewpoint of further improving the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer, PC5A and PC5B are preferably the same group.
  • Both L5A and L5B may be a single bond, may be the same group, or may be groups different from each other. Therefore, all of them are preferably a single bond or the same group, more preferably the same group.
  • Both SP5A and SP5B may be a single bond, the same group, or different groups. Therefore, all of them are preferably a single bond or the same group, more preferably the same group.
  • the same group in formula (5) means that the chemical structure is the same regardless of the bonding direction of each group .
  • Each of a and b is independently an integer of 0 or 1, and is preferably 1 from the viewpoint of further improving the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer. Although a and b may be the same or different, both are preferably 1 from the viewpoint of further improving the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • the sum of a and b is preferably 1 or 2 from the viewpoint of further improving the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer (that is, the repeating unit represented by formula (5) has a mesogenic group ), more preferably 2.
  • the partial structure represented by -(MG5A) a -(MG5B) b - preferably has a cyclic structure from the viewpoint of further improving the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • the number of cyclic structures in the partial structure represented by -(MG5A2) a -(MG5B) b - is preferably two or more, since the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer is further improved. 8 is more preferred, 2 to 6 is even more preferred, and 2 to 4 is particularly preferred.
  • Each of the mesogenic groups represented by MG5A and MG5B independently preferably contains one or more cyclic structures, preferably 2 to 4, from the viewpoint of further improving the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer. It is more preferable to include 3, and it is particularly preferable to include 2.
  • Specific examples of the cyclic structure include aromatic hydrocarbon groups, heterocyclic groups, and alicyclic groups, among which aromatic hydrocarbon groups and alicyclic groups are preferred.
  • MG5A and MG5B may be the same group or different groups, but are preferably the same group from the viewpoint of further improving the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • the mesogenic group represented by MG5A and MG5B is the mesogen in the above formula (LC) from the viewpoint of liquid crystal development, adjustment of the liquid crystal phase transition temperature, raw material availability and synthesis suitability, and the effects of the present invention. It is preferably the group MG.
  • PC5A and PC5B are the same group
  • L5A and L5B are both single bonds or the same group
  • SP5A and SP5B are both single bonds or the same group
  • MG5A and MG5B are preferably the same group. This further improves the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • the content of the repeating unit (5) is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 0.001 to 5% by mass, based on the total repeating unit content (100% by mass) of the polymer liquid crystalline compound. 0.05 to 3% by mass is more preferable.
  • the repeating unit (5) may be contained alone or in combination of two or more in the polymer liquid crystalline compound. When two or more kinds of repeating units (5) are included, the total amount is preferably within the above range.
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound may be a star polymer.
  • a star polymer in the present invention means a polymer having three or more polymer chains extending from a nucleus, and is specifically represented by the following formula (6).
  • the star-shaped polymer represented by the formula (6) as the macromolecular liquid crystalline compound can form a light absorption anisotropic layer with a high degree of orientation while being highly soluble (excellent solubility in a solvent).
  • nA represents an integer of 3 or more, preferably an integer of 4 or more. Although the upper limit of nA is not limited to this, it is usually 12 or less, preferably 6 or less.
  • Each of the plurality of PIs independently represents a polymer chain containing any of the repeating units represented by the above formulas (1), (21), (22), (3), (4) and (5). However, at least one of the plurality of PIs represents a polymer chain containing the repeating unit represented by formula (1) above.
  • A represents an atomic group that forms the nucleus of the star polymer. Specific examples of A include [0052] to [0058] paragraphs of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
  • the number of thiol groups in the polyfunctional thiol compound from which A is derived is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 4 or more.
  • the upper limit of the number of thiol groups in the polyfunctional thiol compound is usually 12 or less, preferably 6 or less. Specific examples of polyfunctional thiol compounds are shown below.
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound may be a thermotropic liquid crystal and a crystalline polymer from the viewpoint of improving the degree of orientation.
  • thermotropic liquid crystal is a liquid crystal that exhibits a transition to a liquid crystal phase due to a change in temperature.
  • the specific compound is a thermotropic liquid crystal and may exhibit either a nematic phase or a smectic phase. (becomes better), it is preferred to exhibit at least a nematic phase.
  • the temperature range showing the nematic phase is preferably room temperature (23° C.) to 450° C., since the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer becomes higher and the haze becomes more difficult to observe. From the viewpoint of suitability for production, the temperature is more preferably 40°C to 400°C.
  • a crystalline polymer is a polymer that exhibits a transition to a crystalline layer upon temperature change.
  • the crystalline polymer may exhibit a glass transition as well as a transition to a crystalline layer.
  • the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer is higher and the haze is less observable, so when heated, the crystal phase transitions to the liquid crystal phase (glass transition occurs during the process).
  • liquid crystalline polymer compound, or a liquid crystalline polymer compound having a transition to a crystalline phase when the temperature is lowered after being in a liquid crystalline state by heating (a glass transition may occur in the middle) is preferably
  • the presence or absence of crystallinity of the polymer liquid crystalline compound is evaluated as follows. Two optical absorption anisotropic layers of an optical microscope (Nikon ECLIPSE E600 POL) are arranged perpendicular to each other, and a sample stage is set between the two optical absorption anisotropic layers. Then, a small amount of polymer liquid crystalline compound is placed on a slide glass, and the slide glass is set on a hot stage placed on a sample stand. While observing the state of the sample, the temperature of the hot stage is raised to a temperature at which the polymer liquid crystalline compound exhibits liquid crystallinity, thereby bringing the polymer liquid crystalline compound into a liquid crystal state.
  • the behavior of the liquid crystal phase transition is observed while gradually lowering the temperature of the hot stage, and the temperature of the liquid crystal phase transition is recorded.
  • the polymer liquid crystalline compound exhibits a plurality of liquid crystal phases (for example, a nematic phase and a smectic phase)
  • all the transition temperatures are also recorded.
  • DSC differential scanning calorimeter
  • the method for obtaining the crystalline polymer is not particularly limited, but as a specific example, a method using a polymeric liquid crystalline compound containing the repeating unit (1) is preferable. A method using a preferred embodiment of the liquid crystalline compound is more preferable.
  • the crystallization temperature of the polymer liquid crystalline compound is ⁇ 50° C. or more and less than 150° C., because the degree of orientation of the light absorption anisotropic layer becomes higher and haze becomes more difficult to observe.
  • the temperature is preferably 120° C. or lower, more preferably ⁇ 20° C. or higher and lower than 120° C., and particularly preferably 95° C. or lower.
  • the crystallization temperature of the polymer liquid crystalline compound is preferably less than 150° C. from the viewpoint of reducing haze.
  • the crystallization temperature is the exothermic peak temperature due to crystallization in the DSC described above.
  • the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer liquid crystalline compound is preferably 1,000 to 500,000, more preferably 2,000 to 300,000, from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention are more excellent.
  • the Mw of the liquid crystalline polymer compound is within the above range, the liquid crystalline polymer compound can be easily handled.
  • the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer liquid crystalline compound is preferably 10,000 or more, more preferably 10,000 to 300,000.
  • the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer liquid crystalline compound is preferably less than 10,000, more preferably 2,000 or more and less than 10,000.
  • the weight average molecular weight and number average molecular weight in the present invention are values measured by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method.
  • the liquid crystallinity of the polymer liquid crystalline compound may be either nematic or smectic, but preferably exhibits at least nematicity.
  • the temperature range in which the nematic phase is exhibited is preferably 0° C. to 450° C., and preferably 30° C. to 400° C. from the viewpoint of handling and production suitability.
  • the content of the liquid crystalline compound is preferably 10 to 97% by mass, more preferably 40 to 95% by mass, based on the total solid content (100% by mass) of the liquid crystal composition, from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention are more excellent. , 60 to 95% by mass is more preferable.
  • the content of the macromolecular liquid crystalline compound is preferably 10 to 99% by mass, more preferably 30 to 95% by mass, based on the total mass (100 parts by mass) of the liquid crystalline compound. %, more preferably 40 to 90% by mass.
  • the content of the low-molecular-weight liquid crystalline compound is preferably 1 to 90% by mass, more preferably 5 to 70% by mass, based on the total mass (100 parts by mass) of the liquid crystalline compound. % is more preferred, and 10 to 60% by mass is even more preferred.
  • the mass ratio of the content of the low molecular liquid crystalline compound to the content of the high molecular liquid crystalline compound is preferably 5/95 to 70/30, more preferably 10/90 to 50/50, from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention are more excellent.
  • the term "solid content in the liquid crystal composition” refers to the components excluding the solvent, and specific examples of the solid content include the above-described liquid crystalline compounds, dichroic substances described later, polymerization initiators, interface modifiers, and the like. is mentioned.
  • the liquid crystal composition further contains a dichroic substance.
  • a dichroic substance means a dye that absorbs differently depending on the direction.
  • the dichroic substance may or may not exhibit liquid crystallinity.
  • the dichroic substance is not particularly limited, and includes visible light absorbing substances (dichroic dyes), luminescent substances (fluorescent substances, phosphorescent substances), ultraviolet absorbing substances, infrared absorbing substances, nonlinear optical substances, carbon nanotubes, and inorganic Substances (for example, quantum rods) and the like can be mentioned, and conventionally known dichroic substances (dichroic dyes) can be used.
  • the dichroic substance is preferably a dichroic azo dye compound.
  • the dichroic azo dye compound is not particularly limited, and conventionally known dichroic azo dyes can be used. Moreover, when the dichroic azo dye compound exhibits liquid crystallinity, it may exhibit nematicity or smecticity.
  • the temperature range showing the liquid crystal phase is preferably room temperature (approximately 20° C. to 28° C.) to 300° C., and more preferably 50 to 200° C. from the viewpoint of handleability and production suitability.
  • dichroic substance examples include, for example, paragraphs [0067] to [0071] of JP-A-2013-228706, paragraphs [0008] to [0026] of JP-A-2013-227532, JP-A 2013-209367 [0008] to [0015] paragraph, JP 2013-14883 [0045] to [0058] paragraph, JP 2013-109090 [0012] to [0029] paragraph, [0009] to [0017] paragraphs of JP-A-2013-101328, [0051] to [0065] paragraphs of JP-A-2013-37353, [0049] to [0073] paragraphs of JP-A-2012-63387, [0016] to [0018] paragraphs of JP-A-11-305036, [0009]-[0011] paragraphs of JP-A-2001-133630, [0030]-[0169] of JP-A-2011-215337, [0021] to [0075] paragraphs of JP-A
  • Techniques for orienting a dichroic substance in a desired direction can refer to techniques for producing polarizers using dichroic substances, techniques for producing guest-host liquid crystal cells, and the like.
  • the technique used in the manufacturing method of the device can also be used for manufacturing the light absorption anisotropic layer of the present invention.
  • a guest dichroic substance is mixed with a rod-like liquid crystalline compound that serves as a host liquid crystal, and the host liquid crystal is oriented, and the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal are mixed.
  • the light absorption anisotropic layer of the present invention can be produced by orienting the molecules of the dichroic substance along the orientation and fixing the orientation state.
  • the orientation of the dichroic substance can be fixed by proceeding with the polymerization of the host liquid crystal, dichroic substance, and optional polymerizable component.
  • two or more dichroic substances may be used in combination, preferably three or more dichroic substances.
  • the contrast becomes higher, and when used in a viewing angle control system, the hue change with respect to the original image is further suppressed with respect to the image reflected in the surroundings.
  • At least one dichroic substance having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 370 to 550 nm and at least one dichroic substance having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 500 to 700 nm It is preferable to use together.
  • at least one dichroic substance having a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 560 to 700 nm for example, the formula (1) described after paragraph [0043] of International Publication No.
  • Examples of at least one dichroic substance having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 455 nm or more and less than 560 nm include the compounds represented by, for example, the description after paragraph [0054] of International Publication No. 2019/189345 Compounds represented by formula (2) are included.
  • the content of the dichroic substance is preferably 5 to 30% by mass, more preferably 10 to 25% by mass, and 15 to 20% by mass with respect to the total solid mass of the liquid crystal composition. is more preferred.
  • the content of the dichroic substance is 5% by mass or more, the contrast becomes higher, and when the content of the dichroic substance is 30% by mass or less, the planar uniformity becomes better.
  • the liquid crystal composition preferably contains a solvent.
  • solvents include ketones (eg, acetone, 2-butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, acetylacetone, etc.), ethers (eg, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, dioxolane, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, cyclopentyl methyl ether, dibutyl ether, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., hexane, etc.), alicyclic hydrocarbons (e.g., cyclohexane, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene, toluene, xylene, tetralin, trimethylbenzene, etc.), halogenated carbons (e.g., dichloromethane,
  • solvents e.g., methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, and 1,2-dimethoxyethane
  • cellosolve acetates sulfoxides (e.g., dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.), amides (e.g., dimethylformamide , and dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, etc.), and organic compounds such as heterocyclic compounds (e.g., pyridine, 2,6-lutidine, etc.).
  • Solvents as well as water may be mentioned. These solvents may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the content of the solvent is preferably 60 to 99.5% by mass, more preferably 70 to 99% by mass, relative to the total mass (100% by mass) of the liquid crystal composition. more preferably 75 to 98% by mass.
  • the liquid crystal composition preferably contains an alignment agent.
  • the alignment agent include [ 0153] to [0170] paragraphs, etc., and these may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the aligning agent is preferably an onium compound represented by the following formula (B1) because the contrast is higher.
  • ring A represents a ring structure having a cationized nitrogen atom.
  • X represents an anion.
  • L 1 represents a divalent linking group.
  • L2 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • Y 1 represents a divalent linking group having a 5- or 6-membered ring as a partial structure.
  • Z represents a divalent linking group having an alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms as a partial structure.
  • P 1 and P 2 each independently represent a monovalent substituent having a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated bond.
  • Ring A represents a ring structure having a cationized nitrogen atom.
  • the ring structure of ring A includes, for example, pyridine ring, picoline ring, 2,2'-bipyridyl ring, 4,4'-bipyridyl ring, 1,10-phenanthroline ring, quinoline ring, oxazole ring, thiazole ring and imidazole ring. , pyrazine ring, triazole ring, and tetrazole ring.
  • a quaternary imidazolium ion and a quaternary pyridinium ion are preferable.
  • X represents an anion.
  • X include halogen anions (e.g., fluorine ion, chloride ion, bromide ion, iodine ion, etc.), sulfonate ions (e.g., methanesulfonate ion, trifluoromethanesulfonate ion, methylsulfate ion, vinylsulfonate ion, , allylsulfonate ion, p-toluenesulfonate ion, p-chlorobenzenesulfonate ion, p-vinylbenzenesulfonate ion, 1,3-benzenedisulfonate ion, 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate ion, 2,6- naphthalenedisulfonate ion, etc.), sulfate ion, carbonate ion, nitrate ion
  • Halogen anions, sulfonate ions and hydroxide ions are preferred. Chloride ion, bromide ion, iodide ion, methanesulfonate ion, vinylsulfonate ion, p-toluenesulfonate ion and p-vinylbenzenesulfonate ion are particularly preferred.
  • L 1 represents a divalent linking group.
  • L 1 include an alkylene group, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —SO 2 —, and —NRa—, where Ra is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom. ), an alkenylene group, an alkynylene group, or a divalent linking group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in combination with an arylene group.
  • L 1 is preferably -AL-, -O-AL-, -CO-O-AL-, -O-CO-AL- having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and -AL having 1 to 10 carbon atoms -, -O-AL- are more preferred, and -AL- and -O-AL- having 1 to 5 carbon atoms are most preferred.
  • AL represents an alkylene group.
  • L2 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • L 2 include an alkylene group, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —SO 2 —, and —NRa—, where Ra is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom.
  • AL represents an alkylene group.
  • L2 is preferably a single bond, -AL-, -O-AL-, -NRa-AL-O- having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a single bond, -AL-, - having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • O-AL- and -NRa-AL-O- are more preferred, and -O-AL- and -NRa-AL-O- having a single bond and 1 to 5 carbon atoms are most preferred.
  • Y 1 represents a divalent linking group having a 5- or 6-membered ring as a partial structure.
  • Examples of Y 1 include a cyclohexyl ring, an aromatic ring or a heterocyclic ring.
  • aromatic rings include benzene ring, indene ring, naphthalene ring, fluorene ring, phenanthrene ring, anthracene ring, biphenyl ring and pyrene ring, with benzene ring, biphenyl ring and naphthalene ring being particularly preferred.
  • the heteroatom constituting the heterocyclic ring is preferably a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom.
  • the heterocycle is a 6-membered ring.
  • the divalent linking group represented by Y 1 and having a 5- or 6-membered ring as a partial structure may further have a substituent (for example, the substituent W described above).
  • the divalent linking group represented by Y 1 is preferably a divalent linking group having two or more 5- or 6-membered rings, and preferably has a structure in which two or more rings are linked by a linking group. More preferred.
  • Z has an alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms as a partial structure, and represents a divalent linking group consisting of a combination of -O-, -S-, -CO-, and -SO2-, and the alkylene group is It may have a substituent.
  • the divalent linking group include an alkyleneoxy group and a polyalkyleneoxy group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group represented by Z is preferably 2 to 16, still more preferably 2 to 12, and particularly preferably 2 to 8.
  • P1 and P2 each independently represent a monovalent substituent having a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group.
  • Examples of the monovalent substituent having a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group include the following formulas (M-1) to (M-8). That is, the monovalent substituent having a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group may be a substituent consisting only of an ethenyl group, such as (M-8).
  • R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
  • R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
  • (M-1) to (M-8), (M-1), (M-2) and (M-8) are preferred, and (M-1) or (M-8) are more preferred.
  • (M-1) is particularly preferable as P1.
  • P2 is preferably (M-1) or (M-8), and in compounds in which ring A is a quaternary imidazolium ion, P2 is (M-8) or (M-1).
  • P2 is (M ⁇ 1).
  • Examples of the onium compound represented by the above formula (B1) include onium salts described in paragraphs 0052 to 0058 of JP-A-2012-208397, and onium described in paragraphs 0024 to 0055 of JP-A-2008-026730. salts, and onium salts described in JP-A-2002-37777.
  • the aligning agent is preferably a boronic acid compound represented by the following formula (B2) because the contrast is higher.
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an optionally substituted aryl group, or a substituted represents a heterocyclic group which may have a group.
  • R 3 represents a substituent.
  • Aliphatic hydrocarbon groups represented by one embodiment of R 1 and R 2 include substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (e.g., methyl group, ethyl group, iso-propyl group, etc.) ), substituted or unsubstituted cyclic alkyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (eg, cyclohexyl group), and alkenyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms (eg, vinyl group).
  • substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms e.g., methyl group, ethyl group, iso-propyl group, etc.
  • substituted or unsubstituted cyclic alkyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms eg, cyclohexyl group
  • alkenyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms eg, vinyl group
  • the aryl group represented by one aspect of R 1 and R 2 includes a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (eg, phenyl group, tolyl group, etc.), a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, A substituted naphthyl group and the like can be mentioned.
  • the heterocyclic group represented by one embodiment of R 1 and R 2 includes, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group containing at least one heteroatom (eg, nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, sulfur atom, etc.) Examples include a membered ring group, and specific examples include a pyridyl group, an imidazolyl group, a furyl group, a piperidyl group, a morpholino group and the like.
  • R 1 and R 2 may be linked together to form a ring, for example, the isopropyl groups of R 1 and R 2 are linked to give 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2 - may form a dioxaborolane ring.
  • R 1 and R 2 are preferably a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a ring formed by combining them, more preferably a hydrogen atom.
  • the substituent represented by R 3 is preferably a substituent containing a functional group capable of bonding with a (meth)acryl group.
  • functional groups capable of bonding with (meth)acrylic groups include vinyl groups, acrylate groups, methacrylate groups, acrylamide groups, styryl groups, vinyl ketone groups, butadiene groups, vinyl ether groups, oxiranyl groups, aziridinyl groups, oxetane groups.
  • a vinyl group, an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, a styryl group, an oxiranyl group or an oxetane group is preferred, and a vinyl group, an acrylate group, an acrylamide group or a styryl group is more preferred.
  • R 3 is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group, aryl group or heterocyclic group having a functional group capable of bonding with a (meth)acryl group.
  • the aliphatic hydrocarbon group includes a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms (e.g., methyl group, ethyl group, iso-propyl group, n-propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group , hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, undecyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, hexadecyl group, octadecyl group, eicosyl group, isopropyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, isopentyl
  • the aryl group includes a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group having 6 to 50 carbon atoms (e.g., phenyl group, tolyl group, styryl group, 4-benzoyloxyphenyl group, 4-phenoxycarbonylphenyl group, 4-biphenyl group, 4 -(4-octyloxybenzoyloxy)phenoxycarbonylphenyl group, etc.), substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group having 10 to 50 carbon atoms, etc. (eg, unsubstituted naphthyl group, etc.).
  • phenyl group e.g., phenyl group, tolyl group, styryl group, 4-benzoyloxyphenyl group, 4-phenoxycarbonylphenyl group, 4-biphenyl group, 4 -(4-octyloxybenzoyloxy)phenoxycarbonylphenyl group, etc.
  • the heterocyclic group is, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted 5- or 6-membered ring group containing at least one heteroatom (e.g., nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, sulfur atom, etc.), such as pyrrole, furan, Thiophene, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, oxazole, isoxazole, oxadiazole, thiazole, thiadiazole, indole, carbazole, benzofuran, dibenzofuran, thianaphthene, dibenzothiophene, indazole benzimidazole, anthranil, benzisoxazole, benzoxazole, benzothiazole, Groups such as purine, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, quinoline, acridine, isoquinoline, phthalazine, quinazoline, quinoxa
  • Examples of the boronic acid compound represented by formula (B2) include boronic acid compounds represented by general formula (I) described in paragraphs 0023 to 0032 of JP-A-2008-225281. As the compound represented by the above formula (B2), compounds exemplified below are also preferable.
  • Examples of the alignment agent include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of nonionic silane compounds and ionic compounds, in addition to the compound represented by formula (B1) or (B2).
  • the ionic compound does not include the compound represented by the formula (B1).
  • nonionic silane compounds include those described in paragraphs [0035] to [0039] of JP-A-2020-181150.
  • ionic compounds include those described in paragraphs [0017] to [0029] of JP-A-2020-181150.
  • the content of the alignment agent is 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound and the dichroic substance contained in the liquid crystal composition. preferably 0.2 to 8 parts by mass.
  • the liquid crystal composition may contain a polymerization initiator.
  • the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, it is preferably a compound having photosensitivity, that is, a photopolymerization initiator.
  • Various compounds can be used as the photopolymerization initiator without any particular limitation. Examples of photoinitiators include ⁇ -carbonyl compounds (US Pat. Nos. 2,367,661 and 2,367,670), acyloin ethers (US Pat. No. 2,448,828), ⁇ -hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic acyloins, compounds (US Pat. No. 2,722,512), polynuclear quinone compounds (US Pat. Nos.
  • photopolymerization initiator commercially available products can also be used, and BASF Irgacure-184, Irgacure-907, Irgacure-369, Irgacure-651, Irgacure-819, Irgacure-OXE-01 and Irgacure- OXE-02 and the like.
  • the content of the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.01 to 30% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 15% by mass, based on the total solid mass of the liquid crystal composition. more preferred.
  • the liquid crystal composition may contain a polymerizable compound.
  • Polymerizable compounds include compounds containing acrylates (eg, (meth)acrylate monomers, etc.).
  • the content of the polymerizable compound is preferably 0.5 to 50% by mass, and 1.0 to 40% by mass, based on the total solid mass of the liquid crystal composition. more preferred.
  • the method for forming the anisotropic light absorption layer of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the liquid crystal composition described above (hereinafter also referred to as “composition for forming an anisotropic light absorption layer”) is applied to form a coating film. (hereinafter also referred to as “coating film forming step”) and the process of orienting the liquid crystalline component or dichroic substance contained in the coating film (hereinafter also referred to as “orientation step”) in this order.
  • the liquid crystalline component is a component containing not only the liquid crystalline compound described above but also a dichroic substance having liquid crystallinity when the dichroic substance described above has liquid crystallinity.
  • the coating film forming step is a step of applying a composition for forming a light absorption anisotropic layer to form a coating film.
  • a composition for forming a light absorption anisotropic layer containing the above-mentioned solvent, or by using a liquid such as a melt by heating the composition for forming a light absorption anisotropic layer, It becomes easy to apply the composition for forming a light-absorbing anisotropic layer.
  • Specific examples of the coating method of the composition for forming a light-absorbing anisotropic layer include roll coating, gravure printing, spin coating, wire bar coating, extrusion coating, direct gravure coating, and reverse coating. Known methods such as a gravure coating method, a die coating method, a spray method, and an inkjet method can be used.
  • the alignment step is a step of orienting the liquid crystalline component contained in the coating film. Thereby, a light absorption anisotropic layer is obtained.
  • the orientation step may include drying. Components such as the solvent can be removed from the coating film by the drying treatment.
  • the drying treatment may be performed by a method of leaving the coating film at room temperature for a predetermined time (for example, natural drying), or by a method of heating and/or blowing air.
  • the liquid crystalline component contained in the composition for forming a light-absorbing anisotropic layer may be oriented by the above coating film forming step or drying treatment.
  • the coating film is dried to remove the solvent from the coating film, thereby obtaining the anisotropic light absorption.
  • a coating film (that is, a light absorption anisotropic layer) is obtained.
  • the transition temperature of the liquid crystalline component contained in the coating film to the liquid crystal phase is preferably 10 to 250°C, more preferably 25 to 190°C, from the standpoint of production suitability.
  • the transition temperature is 10° C. or higher, cooling treatment or the like for lowering the temperature to the temperature range where the liquid crystal phase is exhibited is not required, which is preferable.
  • the transition temperature is 250° C. or less, a high temperature is not required even when the isotropic liquid state is converted to an isotropic liquid state at a temperature higher than the temperature range in which the liquid crystal phase is once exhibited, which wastes thermal energy and reduces substrate damage. This is preferable because it can reduce deformation, deterioration, and the like.
  • the orientation step preferably includes heat treatment.
  • the liquid crystalline component contained in the coating film can be oriented, so that the coating film after the heat treatment can be suitably used as the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • the heat treatment is preferably from 10 to 250° C., more preferably from 25 to 190° C., from the standpoint of suitability for production.
  • the heating time is preferably 1 to 300 seconds, more preferably 1 to 60 seconds.
  • the orientation step may have a cooling treatment performed after the heat treatment.
  • the cooling process is a process of cooling the coated film after heating to about room temperature (20 to 25° C.). Thereby, the orientation of the liquid crystalline component contained in the coating film can be fixed.
  • a cooling means is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used.
  • a light absorption anisotropic layer can be obtained by the above steps. In this embodiment, drying treatment, heat treatment, and the like are mentioned as methods for orienting the liquid crystalline component contained in the coating film.
  • the method for forming the anisotropic light absorption layer may include a step of curing the anisotropic light absorption layer (hereinafter also referred to as a “curing step”) after the alignment step.
  • the curing step is carried out by heating and/or light irradiation (exposure), for example, when the light absorption anisotropic layer has a crosslinkable group (polymerizable group).
  • the curing step is preferably carried out by light irradiation.
  • Various light sources such as infrared light, visible light, and ultraviolet light can be used as the light source for curing, but ultraviolet light is preferred.
  • ultraviolet rays may be irradiated while being heated during curing, or ultraviolet rays may be irradiated through a filter that transmits only specific wavelengths.
  • the heating temperature during exposure is preferably 25 to 140° C., depending on the transition temperature of the liquid crystalline component contained in the liquid crystal film to the liquid crystal phase.
  • the exposure may be performed in a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • radical polymerization it is preferable to perform exposure in a nitrogen atmosphere because inhibition of polymerization by oxygen is reduced.
  • the thickness of the light absorption anisotropic layer of the present invention is preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 4.0 ⁇ m or less, for the reason of suppressing hue change with respect to the original image with respect to the image reflected in the surroundings. preferable.
  • the light absorption anisotropic layer of the present invention exhibits a nematic liquid crystal phase for the reason that the surface uniformity is improved by suppressing the occurrence of alignment defects and the precipitation of the liquid crystal composition in the above alignment step. is preferred.
  • the light absorption anisotropic layer of the present invention can be a light absorption anisotropic layer that has a region A and a region B in the plane, and the respective regions have different central axes of transmittance. If the light-emitting pixel is controlled by patterning the liquid crystal for each pixel, it becomes possible to switch the center of the narrow field of view. Further, the light absorption anisotropic layer of the present invention has a region C and a region D in the plane, and the region C and the region D include the transmittance center axis and the normal line of the light absorption anisotropic layer surface.
  • the transmittance of the region C tilted 30° in the normal direction from the transmittance central axis is 50% or less
  • the transmittance of the region D tilted 30° in the normal direction from the transmittance central axis is 80% or more.
  • the method for forming the patterned light absorption anisotropic layer having two or more different regions in the plane is not limited, and various known methods such as those described in WO2019/176918 can be used. Available.
  • a method of forming a pattern by changing the irradiation angle of ultraviolet light with which the photo-alignment film is irradiated a method of controlling the thickness of the patterned light absorption anisotropic layer in the plane, a method of controlling the thickness of the patterned light absorption anisotropic layer, Examples thereof include a method of unevenly distributing a dichroic dye compound and a method of post-processing an optically uniform patterned light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • Methods for controlling the thickness of the patterned anisotropic light absorption layer in-plane include a method using lithography, a method using imprinting, and a method of forming a patterned light absorption anisotropic layer on a substrate having an uneven structure. and the like.
  • a method for unevenly distributing the dichroic dye compound in the patterned light absorption anisotropic layer there is a method of extracting the dichroic dye by immersion in a solvent (bleaching).
  • a method of post-processing the optically uniform patterned light absorption anisotropic layer there is a method of cutting a part of the flat light absorption anisotropic layer by laser processing or the like.
  • optical film has a transparent film substrate and the light absorption anisotropic layer of the present invention provided on the transparent film substrate. Each member constituting the optical film of the present invention will be described below.
  • transparent film substrate a known transparent resin film, transparent resin plate, transparent resin sheet, or the like can be used, and there is no particular limitation.
  • transparent resin films include cellulose acylate films (e.g., cellulose triacetate film (refractive index: 1.48), cellulose diacetate film, cellulose acetate butyrate film, cellulose acetate propionate film), polyethylene terephthalate film, and polyethersulfone.
  • Films, polyacrylic resin films, polyurethane resin films, polyester films, polycarbonate films, polysulfone films, polyether films, polymethylpentene films, polyetherketone films, (meth)acrylonitrile films, and the like can be used.
  • a cellulose acylate film which has high transparency, low optical birefringence, is easy to manufacture, and is generally used as a protective film for polarizing plates, is preferable, and cellulose triacetate (also called triacetyl cellulose (TAC)) is preferred. .) films are particularly preferred.
  • the thickness of the transparent film substrate is usually 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. In the present invention, it is particularly preferred that the transparent film substrate is a cellulose ester film and has a thickness of 20 to 70 ⁇ m.
  • the anisotropic light absorption layer of the optical film of the present invention is the anisotropic light absorption layer of the present invention described above, the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the optical film of the present invention preferably has an alignment film between the transparent film substrate and the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • alignment films include layers such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyimide with or without rubbing; polyvinyl cinnamate and azo dyes with or without polarized exposure. photo-alignment film; and the like.
  • the thickness of the alignment film is preferably 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.01 to 1 ⁇ m.
  • the optical film of the present invention preferably has a barrier layer together with the transparent film substrate and the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • the barrier layer is also called a gas blocking layer (oxygen blocking layer), and has a function of protecting the polarizing element of the present invention from gases such as oxygen in the atmosphere, moisture, or compounds contained in adjacent layers. have.
  • the optical film of the present invention preferably has a refractive index adjusting layer from the viewpoint of suppressing the influence of internal reflection caused by the high refractive index of the light absorption anisotropic layer.
  • the refractive index adjustment layer is a layer arranged so as to be in contact with the light absorption anisotropic layer, and has an in-plane average refractive index of 1.55 or more and 1.70 or less at a wavelength of 550 nm. It is preferably a refractive index adjustment layer for performing so-called index matching.
  • the optical film of the invention preferably includes a tint adjustment layer containing at least one dye compound.
  • the dye compound contained in the color tone adjusting layer is preferably in a non-oriented state.
  • This tint adjustment layer may have only the function of the tint adjustment layer alone, or may have functions integrated with other layers.
  • the absorption peak wavelength of the dye compound contained in the color adjustment layer used in the present invention is preferably 500 nm or more and 650 nm or less, more preferably 550 nm or more and 600 nm or less. By setting the absorption of the dye compound within this range, the color of the optical film in the invention can be adjusted to be more neutral.
  • Dye compounds contained in the color tone adjusting layer include, for example, azo, methine, anthraquinone, triarylmethane, oxazine, azomethine, phthalocyanine, porphyrin, perylene, pyrrolopyrrole, squarylium and the like.
  • Azo, phthalocyanine and anthraquinone are preferred from the viewpoint of excellent properties, and anthraquinone is particularly preferred.
  • Shin Okawara, Ken Matsuoka, Tsunesuke Hirashima, Teijiro Kitao Functional Dyes, Kodansha, 1992, Supervised by Sumio Tokita, Electronics Related Materials, CMC, 1998, and the like.
  • the viewing angle control system of the present invention has a polarizer having an absorption axis in the in-plane direction, and the light absorption anisotropic layer of the present invention or the optical film of the present invention described above.
  • the absorption axis is, specifically, when the transmittance is measured by changing the inclination angle (polar angle) and the inclination direction (azimuth angle) with respect to the in-plane normal direction, the wavelength is 550 nm. is the direction perpendicular to the direction of lowest transmittance in .
  • the tilt angle with respect to the in-plane normal direction and the transmittance by changing the tilt direction can be measured using, for example, AxoScan OPMF-1 (manufactured by Optoscience).
  • the polarizer of the viewing angle control system of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has an in-plane absorption axis and a function of converting light into specific linearly polarized light, and conventionally known polarizers are used. can do.
  • As the polarizer an iodine-based polarizer, a dye-based polarizer using a dichroic dye, a polyene-based polarizer, or the like is used. Iodine-based polarizers and dye-based polarizers include coating-type polarizers and stretching-type polarizers, and both can be applied.
  • a polarizer in which a dichroic organic dye is oriented by utilizing the orientation of a liquid crystalline compound is preferable.
  • Polarizers made by stretching are preferred.
  • a method of obtaining a polarizer by stretching and dyeing a laminated film in which a polyvinyl alcohol layer is formed on a substrate there are disclosed in Japanese Patent Nos. 5048120, 5143918, 5048120, and No. 4,691,205, Japanese Patent No. 4,751,481, and Japanese Patent No. 4,751,486 can be mentioned, and known techniques relating to these polarizers can also be preferably used.
  • polyvinyl alcohol-based resins (polymers containing —CH 2 —CHOH— as repeating units, particularly polyvinyl alcohol and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers are selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol resins, which are readily available and excellent in the degree of polarization. It is preferable that the polarizer includes at least one
  • the thickness of the polarizer is not particularly limited in the present invention, it is preferably 3 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, even more preferably 5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the direction ⁇ 1 obtained by orthogonally projecting the transmittance center of the light absorption anisotropic layer onto the film surface and the absorption axis ⁇ 2 of the polarizer is 45° to 90°. is preferred, 80° to 90° is more preferred, and 88° to 90° is even more preferred. The closer the angle is to 90°, the more illuminance contrast can be provided between the direction in which the image display device is easy to see and the direction in which it is difficult to see.
  • the light absorption anisotropic layer and the polarizer may be laminated via an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer described later, or the alignment film and the polarizer may be laminated on the polarizer.
  • the light absorption anisotropic layer may be directly coated and laminated.
  • the adhesive layer is preferably a transparent and optically isotropic adhesive similar to that used in ordinary image display devices, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive is usually used.
  • a cross-linking agent e.g., isocyanate-based cross-linking agent, epoxy-based cross-linking agent, etc.
  • tackifier Agents e.g., rosin derivative resins, polyterpene resins, petroleum resins, oil-soluble phenolic resins, etc.
  • plasticizers fillers, antioxidants, surfactants, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, etc. Additives may be added.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer is usually 20-500 ⁇ m, preferably 20-250 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness is 20 ⁇ m or more, the adhesive strength and rework suitability are improved, and when the thickness is 500 ⁇ m or less, it becomes easy to suppress the pressure-sensitive adhesive from squeezing out from the peripheral edges of the image display device.
  • a base material, conductive particles, and, if necessary, a coating liquid containing thermally expandable particles, additives, solvents, etc. is directly applied onto the protective member support 110 and peeled off.
  • a method of pressure bonding through a liner in which a coating liquid is applied to a suitable release liner (release paper, etc.) to form a thermally expandable adhesive layer, which is pressure-transferred (transferred) onto the protective member support 110. It can be carried out by an appropriate method such as a method of
  • the protective member for example, a configuration in which conductive particles are added to the configuration of the heat-peelable pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-292916 can be applied.
  • a commercial product such as "Riva Alpha” manufactured by Nitto Denko Co., Ltd., in which conductive particles are dispersed on the surface of the adhesive layer, may be used.
  • the adhesive develops adhesiveness through drying and reaction after bonding.
  • Polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive (PVA-based adhesive) develops adhesiveness when dried, making it possible to bond materials together.
  • curable adhesives that exhibit adhesiveness through reaction include active energy ray curable adhesives such as (meth)acrylate adhesives and cationic polymerization curable adhesives.
  • (Meth)acrylate means acrylate and/or methacrylate.
  • the curable component in the (meth)acrylate adhesive includes, for example, a compound having a (meth)acryloyl group and a compound having a vinyl group. Compounds having an epoxy group or an oxetanyl group can also be used as cationic polymerization curing adhesives.
  • the compound having an epoxy group is not particularly limited as long as it has at least two epoxy groups in the molecule, and various commonly known curable epoxy compounds can be used.
  • Preferred epoxy compounds include compounds having at least two epoxy groups and at least one aromatic ring in the molecule (aromatic epoxy compounds), and compounds having at least two epoxy groups in the molecule, at least one of which Examples include compounds (alicyclic epoxy compounds) formed between two adjacent carbon atoms constituting an alicyclic ring.
  • an ultraviolet curable adhesive that is cured by ultraviolet irradiation is preferably used.
  • Each layer of the adhesive layer and adhesive layer is treated with an ultraviolet absorber such as a salicylate compound, a benzophenol compound, a benzotriazole compound, a cyanoacrylate compound, a nickel complex compound, etc. to improve the UV absorption ability. It may be something that is held.
  • an ultraviolet absorber such as a salicylate compound, a benzophenol compound, a benzotriazole compound, a cyanoacrylate compound, a nickel complex compound, etc.
  • the attachment of the adhesive layer and adhesive layer can be performed by an appropriate method.
  • a base polymer or a composition thereof is dissolved or dispersed in a suitable solvent such as toluene or ethyl acetate alone or in a mixture to prepare a pressure-sensitive adhesive solution of about 10 to 40% by weight
  • a suitable solvent such as toluene or ethyl acetate alone or in a mixture to prepare a pressure-sensitive adhesive solution of about 10 to 40% by weight
  • Examples include a method in which it is directly attached on a film by an appropriate spreading method such as a casting method or a coating method, or a method in which an adhesive layer is formed on a separator according to the above and transferred.
  • the adhesive layer and adhesive layer can also be provided on one side or both sides of the film as superimposed layers of different compositions or types.
  • the front and back sides of the film may have adhesive layers with different compositions, types, thicknesses, and the like.
  • the viewing angle control system of the present invention can use the above-described light absorption anisotropic layer in combination with an optically anisotropic film or optical rotator in order to control the angular dependence of the viewing angle.
  • an optically anisotropic resin film made of a polymer containing carbonate, cycloolefin, cellulose acylate, methyl methacrylate, styrene, maleic anhydride, or the like.
  • An image display device of the present invention is an image display device having a display element and the above-described viewing angle control system of the present invention, wherein the viewing angle control system is arranged on at least one main surface of the display element. Further, the image display device of the present invention is an image display device in which the light absorption anisotropic layer of the viewing angle control system is arranged on the viewing side relative to the polarizer of the viewing angle control system, that is, from the viewing side , a light absorption anisotropic layer, a polarizer and a display element in this order.
  • the display element used in the image display device of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include liquid crystal cells, organic electroluminescence (hereinafter abbreviated as "EL") display panels, and plasma display panels. Among these, a liquid crystal cell or an organic EL display panel is preferable. That is, the display device of the present invention is preferably a liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal cell as a display element, or an organic EL display device using an organic EL display panel as a display element.
  • Some image display devices are thin and can be formed into a curved surface. Since the optically anisotropic absorbing film used in the present invention is thin and easily bendable, it can be suitably applied to an image display device having a curved display surface.
  • Some image display devices have a pixel density exceeding 250 ppi and are capable of high-definition display.
  • the optically anisotropic absorbing film used in the present invention can be suitably applied to such a high-definition image display device without causing moire.
  • a liquid crystal display device preferably includes an optical film having a polarizer and a liquid crystal cell.
  • the optical film of the present invention is arranged on the front side polarizing plate or the rear side polarizing plate. In these configurations, it is possible to control the viewing angle so that light is shielded in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction.
  • the optical film of the present invention may be arranged on both the front-side polarizing plate and the rear-side polarizing plate. With such a configuration, it is possible to control the viewing angle so that light is blocked in all directions and light is transmitted only in the front direction.
  • a plurality of optical films of the present invention may be laminated via retardation layers.
  • transmission performance and light shielding performance can be controlled.
  • a polarizer, an optical film, a ⁇ /2 wavelength plate (the axis angle is an angle shifted by 45° with respect to the orientation direction of the polarizer), and an optical film light is blocked in all directions, and the front direction It is possible to control the viewing angle through which only light is transmitted.
  • a positive A plate, a negative A plate, a positive C plate, a negative C plate, a B plate, an O plate, or the like can be used as the retardation layer.
  • the thickness of the retardation layer is preferably thin as long as it does not impair the optical properties, mechanical properties, and manufacturability. 70 ⁇ m is more preferable, and 1 to 30 ⁇ m is even more preferable.
  • the liquid crystal cell constituting the liquid crystal display device will be described in detail below.
  • Liquid crystal cells used in liquid crystal display devices are preferably in VA (Vertical Alignment) mode, OCB (Optically Compensated Bend) mode, IPS (In-Plane-Switching) mode, or TN (Twisted Nematic) mode. It is not limited to these.
  • VA Vertical Alignment
  • OCB Optically Compensated Bend
  • IPS In-Plane-Switching
  • TN Transmission Nematic
  • the rod-like liquid crystal molecules are substantially horizontally aligned when no voltage is applied, and are twisted at an angle of 60 to 120°.
  • TN mode liquid crystal cells are most commonly used as color TFT liquid crystal display devices, and are described in many documents.
  • the rod-like liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially vertically when no voltage is applied.
  • VA mode liquid crystal cells include (1) a narrowly defined VA mode liquid crystal cell in which rod-like liquid crystalline molecules are aligned substantially vertically when no voltage is applied and substantially horizontally aligned when voltage is applied (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2-2002). 176625), and (2) a liquid crystal cell in which the VA mode is multi-domained (MVA mode) for widening the viewing angle (SID97, Digest of tech. Papers (preliminary collection) 28 (1997) 845).
  • a liquid crystal cell in a mode in which rod-like liquid crystalline molecules are substantially vertically aligned when no voltage is applied and twisted multi-domain alignment is performed when voltage is applied (Proceedings of the Japan Liquid Crystal Forum 58-59 (1998)) and (4) Survival mode liquid crystal cells (presented at LCD International 98).
  • any of PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) type, optical alignment type, and PSA (Polymer-Sustained Alignment) type may be used. Details of these modes are described in detail in JP-A-2006-215326 and JP-A-2008-538819.
  • the liquid crystal compound In the IPS mode liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal compound is oriented substantially parallel to the substrate, and the liquid crystal molecules respond planarly by applying an electric field parallel to the substrate surface. That is, the liquid crystalline compound is oriented in the plane in the state where no electric field is applied.
  • a black display is obtained when no electric field is applied, and the absorption axes of the pair of upper and lower polarizing plates are perpendicular to each other.
  • a method of using an optical compensatory sheet to reduce leakage light during black display in an oblique direction and improve the viewing angle is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 10-54982, 11-202323 and 9-292522. JP-A-11-133408, JP-A-11-305217 and JP-A-10-307291.
  • An organic EL display device which is an example of the display device of the present invention, includes, for example, an optical film having the above-described polarizer, a ⁇ /4 plate, and an organic EL display panel in this order from the viewing side. are preferably mentioned. Further, in the same manner as in the liquid crystal display device described above, a plurality of optical films of the present invention may be laminated via retardation layers and arranged on an organic EL display panel. By controlling the retardation value and the optical axis direction, transmission performance and light shielding performance can be controlled.
  • the organic EL display panel is a display panel configured using an organic EL element in which an organic light-emitting layer (organic electroluminescence layer) is sandwiched between electrodes (between a cathode and an anode).
  • organic light-emitting layer organic electroluminescence layer
  • the configuration of the organic EL display panel is not particularly limited, and a known configuration is adopted.
  • Example 1 Optical film A of Example 1 was produced as follows.
  • ⁇ (Orientation film-forming composition 1) ⁇ 100.00 parts by mass of polymer PA1 below 8.25 parts by mass of acid generator PAG-1 below 0.6 parts by mass of stabilizer DIPEA below 250.36 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone 1001.42 parts by mass of butyl acetate- ⁇
  • the transmittance central axis angle ⁇ was measured by the method described above, and it was 0°. Since none of the layer structures of the optical film 1 other than the light absorption anisotropic layer 1 has any absorption anisotropy, the transmittance central axis angle ⁇ calculated above is It can be read as the value of the anisotropic layer 1.
  • Example 2 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 Light absorption anisotropic layers and optical films of Examples 2 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the composition of liquid crystal composition 1 was changed to the composition shown in Table 1 below. bottom.
  • CR Tm0/Tm30 ⁇ Evaluation Criteria> AA: Cr is 6.08 or more A: Cr is less than 6.08 and is 2.20 or more B: Cr is less than 2.20 and is 1.69 or more C: Cr is less than 1.69 and is 1.27 or more D: Cr is 1.27 or more under 27
  • Example 1 to 14 it was found that when the specific surfactant was blended, the contrast was increased and the planar uniformity was also improved.
  • the contrast is higher when the specific surfactant is a copolymer that satisfies condition 2 described above.
  • Example 6 and Example 8 when the content of the repeating unit B is 5 to 50% by mass with respect to the total mass of the specific surfactant (specific copolymer), the contrast is higher. found to be higher.
  • adhesion was improved when the specific surfactant had repeating units C containing a polymerizable group.
  • Example 8 when the content of the specific interface improver is 0.001 to 5% by mass with respect to the total solid mass of the liquid crystal composition, the contrast becomes higher. It was found that the planar uniformity was also improved.
  • Example 2, 10 and 11 when the content of the dichroic substance is 5% by mass or more, the contrast becomes higher, and when the content of the dichroic substance is 30% by mass or less , the surface uniformity was found to be better.
  • composition G1 for forming a color adjustment layer ⁇ 3.80 parts by mass of the modified polyvinyl alcohol PVA-1 above 0.20 parts by mass of IRGACURE2959 0.08 parts by mass of the following dye compound G-1 Water 70 parts by mass Methanol 30 parts by mass ⁇
  • a polarizing plate 1 having a polarizer thickness of 8 ⁇ m and one surface of which is exposed was produced in the same manner as the polarizing plate 02 with a single-sided protective film described in WO 2015/166991.
  • the exposed surface of the polarizer of the polarizing plate 1 and the surface of the color adjustment layer of the produced optical film 1a were subjected to corona treatment and bonded using the following PVA adhesive 1 to produce an optical laminate A1.
  • Adhesive Sheet 1 An acrylate-based polymer was prepared according to the following procedure. 95 parts by weight of butyl acrylate and 5 parts by weight of acrylic acid were polymerized by a solution polymerization method in a reaction vessel equipped with a cooling tube, a nitrogen inlet tube, a thermometer and a stirring device, and the average molecular weight was 2,000,000 and the molecular weight distribution (Mw/ An acrylate polymer A1 having Mn) of 3.0 was obtained.
  • Example 1 When the image display device manufactured in Example 1 was used to display white, the color was neutral both from the front and from the oblique direction.

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PCT/JP2022/034611 2021-09-29 2022-09-15 光吸収異方性層、光学フィルム、視野角制御システムおよび画像表示装置 WO2023053995A1 (ja)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180014007A1 (en) * 2016-12-11 2018-01-11 Lightscope Media Llc 3D display system
WO2021131792A1 (ja) * 2019-12-26 2021-07-01 富士フイルム株式会社 光吸収異方性層、積層体、光学フィルム、画像表示装置、バックライトモジュール
WO2021177308A1 (ja) * 2020-03-05 2021-09-10 富士フイルム株式会社 視角制御システムおよび画像表示装置
WO2021187379A1 (ja) * 2020-03-19 2021-09-23 富士フイルム株式会社 液晶表示装置
WO2021246441A1 (ja) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-09 富士フイルム株式会社 光学フィルム、光学積層体および画像表示装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180014007A1 (en) * 2016-12-11 2018-01-11 Lightscope Media Llc 3D display system
WO2021131792A1 (ja) * 2019-12-26 2021-07-01 富士フイルム株式会社 光吸収異方性層、積層体、光学フィルム、画像表示装置、バックライトモジュール
WO2021177308A1 (ja) * 2020-03-05 2021-09-10 富士フイルム株式会社 視角制御システムおよび画像表示装置
WO2021187379A1 (ja) * 2020-03-19 2021-09-23 富士フイルム株式会社 液晶表示装置
WO2021246441A1 (ja) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-09 富士フイルム株式会社 光学フィルム、光学積層体および画像表示装置

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