WO2023052655A1 - Dispositif et procédé de retenue de charges et système d'élévation de charges - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de retenue de charges et système d'élévation de charges Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023052655A1
WO2023052655A1 PCT/ES2021/070704 ES2021070704W WO2023052655A1 WO 2023052655 A1 WO2023052655 A1 WO 2023052655A1 ES 2021070704 W ES2021070704 W ES 2021070704W WO 2023052655 A1 WO2023052655 A1 WO 2023052655A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
load
platform
securing device
gripper
piston
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2021/070704
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Gilberto BENAVENTE LOIS
Rubén PENA LARREA
Francisco Fabo Ollobarren
Ion Esandi Mateo
Original Assignee
Optimus Crane, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Optimus Crane, S.L. filed Critical Optimus Crane, S.L.
Priority to PCT/ES2021/070704 priority Critical patent/WO2023052655A1/fr
Publication of WO2023052655A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023052655A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/42—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
    • B66C1/44—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a load securing device and method, and a load lifting system, specially designed for gripping and lifting wind turbine blades for assembly and disassembly operations.
  • the load lifting device and system object of the present invention allow the lifting of wind turbine blades safely and reliably, guaranteeing a firm grip on the blades without implying their deterioration.
  • the load lifting device and system object of the present invention allow the lifting or lowering of the wind turbine blades to be carried out, either for their repair on the ground, for their replacement with a new blade, or for initial assembly. of each blade of the wind turbine.
  • the load securing device and method and the load lifting system object of the present invention have application in the industry dedicated to the design and manufacture of tools and cranes for lifting loads, as well as in the industry dedicated to installation and maintenance. of wind turbines.
  • said fastening that takes advantage of the weight of the wind turbine blade itself provides greater security against failure than other types of tooling clamps, it is also observed that said clamp produces the clamping force in a horizontal direction, perpendicular to the vertical direction. action of the force of gravity. This situation causes the vertical force due to the weight of the wind turbine blade to be concentrated and applied in a timely manner to the joints of the clamp mechanism, which are therefore subjected to extraordinary mechanical stress.
  • this gripper fastening described in the aforementioned document which takes advantage of the blade's own weight to provide a fastening of the root portion of the blade, is vulnerable to moderate and strong wind conditions. Indeed, under moderate or strong wind conditions, the wind can produce an aerodynamic lift force that tends to raise the blade of the wind turbine. In this situation, there is a high risk that the clamp of the root portion shown in Figure 8 of document EP 2832988 A1 will open, dropping the blade of the wind turbine.
  • the present invention refers to a device and a load securing method, as well as a load lifting system, specially designed for lifting wind turbine blades.
  • the load securing device object of the present invention comprises at least one gripper.
  • This gripper comprises a "C"-shaped geometry, configured to receive and hold a load (for example, a wind turbine blade).
  • the gripper includes:
  • the device is configured so that, when a load rests on the at least one platform, the weight of the load produces a displacement of the platform, in such a way that the platform, with its displacement, activates the drive means that produce that the lever presses, through the clamping shoe, on an upper surface of the load, producing a downward vertical force that retains the load by imprisoning it between the clamping shoe and the platform.
  • the gripper comprises at least two platforms configured to receive the load and to produce two pressure points on a lower surface of the load when the clamping shoe presses on the surface. top of the load.
  • three pressure points are provided on the load for the firm securing of the load (two points by the lower surface of the load and one pressure point exerted by the clamping shoe by the upper surface of the load). of the load), which results in a firm grip and greater reliability in transport and in any lifting and lowering maneuvers of the load when this load securing device is used as part of a load lifting system .
  • the gripper comprises a mattress located on each platform, where the mattress comprises a polymeric material configured to conform to the shape of the lower surface of the load.
  • Each mattress therefore, can be made entirely of said polymeric material, or it can have a coating of said polymeric material.
  • the grip of the load is improved, since the mattresses increase the contact surface and provide a better grip of the load. Likewise, the mattresses guarantee surface protection for the load so that it is not damaged by friction with the platforms.
  • the clamping shoe comprises a polymeric material configured to conform to the shape of the top surface of the load. Therefore, the clamping shoe can be entirely formed by said polymeric material, or it can have a coating of said polymeric material.
  • the polymeric material in the clamping shoe improves the grip of the load, since by said polymeric material the contact surface is increased and a better grip of the load is provided.
  • the load securing device comprises a padded element configured to be interposed between the load and the bottom of the "C"-shaped geometry of the gripper and to cushion shocks between the load. and the gripper.
  • the load and the gripper itself are protected from blows that could occur between the load and the bottom of the gripper, due to vibrations during the movement of the load or due to the action of the wind. on the load that could hit it against the gripper.
  • the padding element comprises a polymeric material configured to conform to the shape of the top surface of the load.
  • the drive means connecting the at least one platform with the securing mechanism are hydraulic drive means.
  • these hydraulic actuation means comprise: a first piston located between the at least one platform and a lower profile of the gripper; a second piston located in correspondence with the bottom of the "C"-shaped geometry of the gripper, and; a hydraulic circuit connecting the first piston with the second piston.
  • the second piston comprises an articulated joint with the bottom of the "C"-shaped geometry of the gripper, and another articulated joint with one end of the lever.
  • the hydraulic circuit comprises a blocking valve configured to allow the passage of hydraulic fluid through it whenever an actuator connected to said blocking valve is not being actuated.
  • the lock valve actuator is located between the at least one platform and the lower profile of the gripper, where the actuator is configured to be actuated by the at least one platform when the at least one platform lowers. due to the weight of the load.
  • the hydraulic circuit includes a recirculation branch arranged parallel to the blocking valve.
  • the recirculation branch includes a non-return limiting valve configured to prevent the passage of hydraulic fluid as long as a safety threshold is not exceeded in the hydraulic fluid pressure on the side of the hydraulic circuit closest to the second piston.
  • this characteristic guarantees that a pressure below the safety threshold (such as pressure produced by vibrations of the load during its movement or by the force of the wind acting on the load and transferred to the hydraulic circuit by means of the shoe, lever and second piston) does not cause the lever to accidentally disengage.
  • this characteristic guarantees that, when a certain force is exerted intentionally on the load or on a tool or on the clamping device itself, with the intention of releasing and extracting the load from the clamping device, if this force causes the pressure safety threshold is exceeded, the non-return limiting valve opens allowing the lever to be unlocked and release the load.
  • the gripper is formed by a first profile (upper profile) in the shape of "L” and by a second profile (lower profile) in the shape of "L", where the first profile and the second profile are removable .
  • This feature allows the load securing device to be disassembled and transported compactly.
  • the load securing device comprises arms and first lugs attached to an upper profile of the gripper (for example, to the horizontal wing of the first "L" profile), and configured to join by means of screws or bolts, the gripper to a lattice of a load lifting system that includes the load securing device as previously described.
  • the load securing device comprises a guide element attached to the gripper by means of a clamp (an annular element of metal profile with or without clamping capacity) and/or by means of screws. or bolts
  • the guide element is configured to help position the load with respect to an external reference when the load is lifted by means of a load lifting system comprising the load securing device as described above.
  • This guiding element will preferably be a bar whose function is to guide the assembly when it is suspended with or without a load (for example, the shovel) to prevent it from hitting other elements around it, so that a distance is always maintained. between the ends of the bars regardless of the lattice used.
  • the present invention also refers to a load lifting system.
  • the load lifting system object of the present invention comprises a lattice configured to be connected by means of slings to a crane hook.
  • the lattice is attached to or connected to a load securing device as described above.
  • the load lifting system comprises at least two coupling bars configured to couple the latticework with the slings. At least one of the tie bars comprises a length greater than the transverse dimension of the lattice.
  • the coupling bars have at their ends lashing points configured for lashing the slings.
  • the lattice can be formed by a plurality of coupled modules. This feature allows the length of the lattice to be adapted, coupling as many modules as necessary, depending on the length of the load to be transported/raised/lowered.
  • the present invention also relates to a load securing method.
  • the load securing method comprises positioning a load in a load securing device as described above and resting the weight of the load on the at least one platform, allowing the load securing device to hold and clamp the load. between the clamping shoe and the at least one platform.
  • Figure 1 Shows a schematic view of a possible embodiment of the system lifting loads, carrying a wind turbine blade, and attached by means of a crane hook through some slings.
  • Figure 2a Shows a detailed schematic view of a possible embodiment of one of the gripping pliers, according to the load securing device object of the present invention.
  • Figure 2b Shows a schematic view of the gripper of Figure 2a, where the profiles of the gripper are uncoupled.
  • Figure 3a Shows a schematic view of a possible embodiment of the gripper, before assembling the blade of the wind turbine.
  • Figure 3b Shows a schematic view of the gripper of Figure 3a, where the wind turbine blade is positioned within the gripper, but not resting on the gripper beds.
  • Figure 3c Shows a schematic view of the gripper of Figure 3a, where the wind turbine blade is positioned inside the gripper and resting on the gripper beds, in a possible gripper embodiment , before assembling the blade of the wind turbine.
  • Figure 4 Shows a perspective view of a possible embodiment of the load lifting system, where the guide element is observed in detail.
  • Figure 5 Shows a schematic of the hydraulic system connecting the grabber beds to the grabber lever.
  • Figure 6 Shows a detailed perspective view of the load lifting system, where the latticework and the coupling bar with the slings can be seen.
  • Figure 7 Shows a schematic side view of the load lifting system, where various lattice elements are observed.
  • Figure 8 Shows a detailed perspective view of the connection between the lattice and the gripping forceps
  • Figure 9 Shows a schematic view of the lift system disassembled and inside a container.
  • Figure 10 Shows a perspective view of another possible embodiment of the load lifting system, where the guide element arranged at the free end of the upper "L" profile can be seen in detail.
  • the present invention relates, as mentioned above, to a load securing device and method and a load lifting system.
  • the load lifting system object of the present invention is specially designed for the lifting of blades (400) of wind turbines.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a possible embodiment of the load lifting system object of the present invention.
  • the load lifting system comprises a lattice (200) made up of one or several modules (201) or lattice elements (200), as can also be seen in Figure 7.
  • the load lifting system includes the load securing device.
  • the device incorporates at least one gripper (100).
  • the load lifting system can incorporate a single gripping clamp, according to the device of the invention, in combination with other conventional fastening elements to hold the blade (400) of the wind turbine at at least two points.
  • the load lifting system incorporates at least two gripping clamps (100) according to the device of the invention, as can be seen in Figure 1.
  • Each gripper (100) comprises a first profile (101) or upper profile, in the shape of "L”, and a second profile (102) or lower profile, in the shape of "L”.
  • These profiles (101, 102) are separable from each other to be able to be stored and transported compactly, as schematically represented in Figure 9.
  • each gripper (100) has a "C"-shaped geometry, formed by the two profiles (101, 102) in "L” shape when they are assembled or coupled.
  • the first profile (101) is concentric and with a smaller section than the second profile (102), so that, for the assembly of the gripping clip (100), a section of the first profile (101) is inserted into a section of the second. profile (102), and both profiles (102, 102) are fastened by bolts (700).
  • Figure 2a and Figure 2b show, respectively, a schematic view of the gripper (100) with its "L"-shaped profiles (101, 102) mounted or coupled and disassembled or uncoupled.
  • each gripper (100) incorporates arms (103) and first lugs (104) for anchoring, by means of bolts (700), to second lugs (202) present on the lattice (200).
  • Both the arms (103) and the first lugs (104) of the gripping clip (100) project from the first profile (101) or upper profile, in an "L" shape, of the gripping clip (100). .
  • Both the first lugs (104) and the second lugs (202) can be single or double. When they are double, the insertion of a simple lug or a profile between the two parts of the double lug is allowed, for the union by means of bolts (700).
  • FIG. 6 shows a possible embodiment of the second lugs (202) of the lattice (200) in detail.
  • the second lugs (202) located in the upper part of the end of the lattice (200) are double and are configured for the insertion of the upper ends of the arms (103) of the gripper (100) between the two parts of the second double lugs (202).
  • the gripper (100) comprises mattresses (105) located on respective platforms (106), beds or cradles.
  • the mattresses (105) are configured to serve as support for the blade (400) of the wind turbine, so that the blade (400) rests on these mattresses (105) once it has been inserted into the gripping clamp (100) and is let rest on said mattresses (104).
  • the mattresses (105) are made of a material with a high grip index, which does not damage or mark the surface of the blade (400) of the wind turbine and is capable of copying the shape of the surface of the blade (400) of the wind turbine.
  • it is made of a polymeric material, or of a material with a polymeric coating.
  • each mattress (105) is located on a platform (106).
  • These platforms (106) are attached to the second profile (102) in "L” through respective articulated joints, which allow, when the blade (400) of the wind turbine rests on the mattresses (104), the platforms (106) tilt , tilt or pivot with respect to each articulated joint, lowering the central section of the platforms (106).
  • the platforms (106) can be fixed to the second profile (102) by means of another type of union that allows a relative movement between the platforms (106) or between these and the second profile (102).
  • first piston (107) or support piston fixed to the second profile (102) in "L".
  • the platforms (106) are attached to the first piston (107) by means of a deformable fixed articulated joint or by means of an articulated mobile support that allows horizontal translation.
  • the platforms (106) can be joined to the piston by means of a fixed (and non-deformable) articulated joint, while the platforms (106) are joined to the second "L" profile (102) by means of a joint that allows movement in the longitudinal direction of the lower wing of the second profile (102) in "L".
  • the load securing device object of the present invention comprises a hydraulic circuit that connects the first piston (107) with a second piston (108).
  • this hydraulic circuit is configured to work with oil, although it could work with another type of fluid. Later in this description the hydraulic circuit is described in more detail.
  • the second piston (108) is also connected/attached to the second profile (102) in “L". However, unlike the first piston (107) which is connected to the horizontal wing of the second profile (102), the second piston (108) is connected, by means of a joint at one of its ends, to the vertical wing of the second profile ( 102) in “L”.
  • the second piston (108) is connected at its other end, through another joint, to a lever (109).
  • the lever (109) is pivotally attached to the second piston (108) at a first pivot point (111).
  • This first point of articulated connection (111) can be moved in a circular movement with respect to the second profile (102) in "L" shape, with a radius of gyration equivalent to the instantaneous length of the second piston (108).
  • We speak of the instantaneous length of the second piston (108) because depending on the compression that the platforms (106) make on the first piston (107), this will expand proportionally and the length of the second piston (108) will lengthen.
  • the lever (109) is joined in an articulated manner to the vertical wing of the first "L" profile (101), by means of a fixed joint, at a second articulated connection point (112).
  • the lever is allowed to pivot with respect to the first "L" profile (101), at this second articulated connection point (112).
  • the lever (109) is articulatedly connected to a clamping shoe (110), at a third articulated connection point (113).
  • FIG 3a shows a representation of the gripper (100) ready to receive the blade (400) of a wind turbine. It can be seen that the platforms (106) with their corresponding mattresses (105) are in an elevated position, forced into this position by the pressure of the hydraulic circuit that initially maintains the first piston (107) in the extended or expanded position.
  • the lever (109) is raised and the clamping shoe (110) is equally raised and attached to the horizontal wing of the first profile (101) in Figure 3b shows the situation in which the blade (400) of the wind turbine has been introduced into the gripping clamp (100), positioning itself within the "C” profile of the gripping clamp (100), between the two profiles (101, 102) in "L".
  • the blade (400) of the wind turbine still does not rest on the mattresses (105) and, since its weight does not rest on the mattresses (105) and platforms (106), the first piston (107) it still holds the platforms (106) with their mattresses (105) in an elevated position.
  • the second piston (108) is in a vertical position, retracted in its shortest length, and attached to the vertical wing of the second profile (102) in "L" shape.
  • the lever (109) continues raised and the clamping shoe (110) continues stuck to the horizontal wing of the first profile (101) in "L".
  • the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic circuit causes the expansion of the second piston (108).
  • the lever (109) has an articulation point fixed to the vertical wing of the first "L" profile (101) (the second articulated joint point (112))
  • the expansion of the second piston (108) produces a movement of pivot of the second piston (108) with respect to the second "L" profile (102), and a separation of the first point of articulated connection (111) of the lever (109) with respect to the gripper (100).
  • the clamping shoe (110) comprises a face configured to directly contact the blade (400) of the wind turbine, and which is made of a material with a high grip index (typically a polymeric material or a material with a polymeric coating), that does not damage or mark the surface of the blade (400) of the wind turbine.
  • a material with a high grip index typically a polymeric material or a material with a polymeric coating
  • the lever (109) has two branches (see, for example, Figure 4), one on each side of the first "L” profile (101), so that, through its two branches, the lever (109) embraces the vertical wing. of the first profile (101) in "L”, and also embraces the clamping shoe (110).
  • the load securing device also includes a padded element (114) configured to protect the blade (400) of the wind turbine from possible damage to its surface due to rubbing against the bottom of the gripper (100), that is, due to to the repeated shock that could occur during lifting and lowering maneuvers with the vertical wings of the profiles (101, 102) in "L".
  • a padded element (114) configured to protect the blade (400) of the wind turbine from possible damage to its surface due to rubbing against the bottom of the gripper (100), that is, due to to the repeated shock that could occur during lifting and lowering maneuvers with the vertical wings of the profiles (101, 102) in "L".
  • This padded element (114) is a mechanical stop element, fixed by screws or bolts (700) (or by any other type of connection such as an articulated or welded connection) to the gripper (100) (for example, to the vertical wing of the second profile (102)), and comprising a padded surface, configured to cushion the possible blows of the blade (400) against the gripping clip (100), where this padded surface is formed by a polymer, an elastomer or another material that cushions an impact of the blade (400) with the gripping clip (100).
  • the load securing device also comprises at least one guide element (115) (see, for example, Figure 4) configured to be able to be passed inside a clamp (116) and fixed to said clamp (116) by means of screws. or bolts (700) that go through the clamp (116) and are inserted into the corresponding holes in the bar or guide element (115).
  • the clamp (116) is arranged on the horizontal wing of the first profile (101) or upper "L" profile, at its square end as can be seen in figures 1 and 4, or more preferably as can be seen in the Figure 10, the clamp (116) and consequently the guide element (115) are arranged at the free end of the first profile (101) in such a way that the loads in the transverse plane are compensated and are centered with respect to the center of gravity. cross section of the lattice (200). With this arrangement, the use of counterweights at the free end of the upper "L"-shaped profile to transversely balance the gripping clamp (100) is avoided or reduced.
  • the guide element (115) is configured to serve as a guide or reference in the approach maneuvers of the lifting system to the tower and the hub of the loads. thus preventing the use of the blade (400) of the wind turbine itself as a guiding reference, which could cause blows and damage to the surface of the blade (400) or to the joining elements of the blade root (400). to hub.
  • the load lifting system comprises (see Figure 6) two coupling bars (300) with slings (500) by means of which the lattice (200) is hung from the hook (600) of a crane, during lifting and lifting maneuvers. lowering of the blade (400) of the wind turbine.
  • the tie bars (300) are arranged transverse to the truss (200) and preferably at least one of the tie bars (300) has a length greater than the transverse dimension of the truss (200).
  • tie rod (301) tie points configured to tie or hook the ends of the slings ( 500), are located at a distance from the lattice (200).
  • the coupling bar (300) has third lugs (302), separated from each other by the same distance as the transversal dimension of the lattice (200), and which are configured to join with corresponding fourth lugs (203) of the lattice (200) and its fixation by means of bolts (700).
  • the fourth lugs (203) of the lattice (200) are arranged in the lower part or lower tube of the lattice (200), although they could also be located in the upper part. top of the lattice (200).
  • the third lugs (302) of the tie rod (300) are double lugs and are configured to insert the corresponding fourth lug between its two parts. (203) of the lattice (200).
  • the lattice (200) can be formed by a single module (201) or by several concatenated modules (201), as can be seen in Figure 7.
  • the lattice (200) is made up of several concatenated modules (201), it is possible to vary the length of the lattice (200) depending on the length of the wind turbine blade (400) to be raised or lowered.
  • the lattice (200) is made up of upper and lower tubes or bars arranged longitudinally, cross bars, and diagonal bars in a truss arrangement. It is therefore a Warren-type square lattice.
  • the lattice (200) could be formed by another type of structural profiles with separation elements and by another type of organization of bars.
  • a gripper (100) is connected to each end of the lattice (200) by means of the corresponding arms (103) of the gripper (100) and by means of the corresponding first lugs (104) of the gripper (100). .
  • the height of the lattice (200) or, at least, the height that separates the second lugs (202) from the top and the second lugs (202) from the bottom of the module (201) located at each end of the lattice ( 200) is equal to the sum of the length of the arms (103) of the gripper (100) and the height of the horizontal wing of the first profile (101) in "L".
  • Figure 5 schematically represents the hydraulic circuit that connects the first piston (107) with the second piston (108).
  • the first piston (107) or support piston is located on the horizontal wing of the second profile (102) in "L" shape.
  • This blocking valve (117) has an actuator (not shown in the figures) located on the horizontal wing of the second profile (102) in "L".
  • the hydraulic circuit that connects the first piston (107) with the second piston (108) is interrupted, preventing the passage of hydraulic fluid to the second piston (108), which remains locked in its maximum expansion position, with the lever (109) lowered and the clamping shoe (110) supported and pressing with a predetermined pressure on the upper surface of the blade (400) of the wind turbine, exerting a clamping force of the blade (400) on the mattresses ( 105).
  • the predetermined pressure with which the clamping shoe (110) presses on the upper surface of the blade (400) of the wind turbine is previously calibrated by the internal pressure of the hydraulic fluid and by the position of the actuator of the blocking valve. (117) and the positions and lengths of the lever (109), the clamping shoe (110) and the position of the articulated joint points (111, 112, 113).
  • This predetermined pressure is such that it provides a firm clamping force, in the vertical direction (in line with the force of gravity), on the blade (400) of the wind turbine.
  • this predetermined pressure is calibrated so that the clamping force of the clamping shoe (110) on the blade (400) does not exceed a certain limit that could jeopardize the surface integrity of the blade (400) or could put in jeopardy. risk the integrity of the lever (109) and/or the articulated joint points (111, 112, 113).
  • the hydraulic circuit comprises a recirculation branch, arranged in parallel to the blocking valve (117).
  • the hydraulic circuit includes a non-return limiting valve (118) located in this recirculation branch.
  • the non-return limiting valve (118) is calibrated so that it remains closed at all times, as long as the pressure of the hydraulic fluid on the side of the hydraulic circuit closest to the second piston (108) does not exceed a predetermined safety threshold.
  • This predetermined security threshold is calibrated to be easily higher than the foreseeable pressure that the blade (400) could exert on the clamping shoe (110). (which is transmitted by means of the lever (109) to the second piston (108)) due to eventual vibrations or the lift force of the wind on the lower surface of the blade (400).
  • the predetermined safety threshold for the opening pressure of the non-return limiting valve (118) is calibrated to be less than the lifting force of the blade (400) exerted by some holders who intend to extract it from the clamping device. of charges when the device and the shovel (400) are on land.
  • the predetermined safety threshold for the opening pressure of the non-return limiting valve (118) is calibrated to be less than the extraction force exerted by some extractors (or the ropes that direct the blade assembly operation from the ground). (400) in the hub of the wind turbine) downwards on the load lifting system, when the blade (400) has been attached and locked by its root to the hub of a wind turbine.
  • This extraction force can also be the weight of the tooling or lattice (200) resting on the gripping tongs (100) and on the blade (400).
  • the non-return limiting valve (118) opens, allowing hydraulic fluid to pass to the part of the hydraulic circuit closest to the first piston (107) or support piston. This automatically allows the blade (400) to be separated from the horizontal wing of the second "L" profile (102), by pressing and pushing up the clamping shoe (110) and the lever (109).
  • the hydraulic circuit is then in the initial situation, with the blocking valve (117) open, which allows the clamping shoe (110) and the lever to continue to rise when pushed up by the blade (400), and the hydraulic fluid to continue to pass from the second piston (108) to the first piston (107).
  • the hydraulic circuit can also incorporate a hand hydraulic pump (119), configured to vary the initial position of the pistons (107, 108), so that the pistons (107, 108) have a greater or lesser height depending on the type of blade. (400).
  • a hand hydraulic pump (119) configured to vary the initial position of the pistons (107, 108), so that the pistons (107, 108) have a greater or lesser height depending on the type of blade. (400).
  • the volume ratio between the two pistons (107, 108) is such that the second piston (108) or actuation piston has a greater displacement and in the opposite direction to the displacement of the first piston (107) or support piston. This implies that the displacement of the first piston (107) is greater than the displacement of the second piston (108).
  • a hydraulic multiplier can be placed between the connection of the two pistons (107, 108). In this way, the multiplier makes the displacements of the pistons (107, 108) have a ratio different from 1.
  • the lever (109) has a determined angular advance regarding the displacement of the platforms (106).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de retenue de charges comprenant au moins une pince (100) de préhension avec une géométrie en forme de "C", conçue pour recevoir et retenir une charge, la pince (100) de préhension comprenant : un mécanisme de retenue constitué d'un levier (109) et d'une semelle de retenue (110), et une plateforme (106) reliée au mécanisme de retenue à l'aide de moyens d'actionnement ; le dispositif étant conçu pour que lorsqu'une charge appuie sur l'au moins une plateforme (106), le poids de la charge produise un déplacement de la plateforme (106), la plateforme (106) activant les moyens d'actionnement qui font que le levier (109) fait pression, au moyen de la semelle de retenue (110), sur une surface supérieure de la charge, ce qui produit une force verticale vers le bas qui retient la charge en l'emprisonnant entre la semelle de retenue (110) et la plateforme (106).
PCT/ES2021/070704 2021-09-29 2021-09-29 Dispositif et procédé de retenue de charges et système d'élévation de charges WO2023052655A1 (fr)

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Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE625847A (fr) *
US3310335A (en) * 1965-10-13 1967-03-21 Neil E Shuey Load lifting mechanism
US4332411A (en) * 1979-07-02 1982-06-01 Benton Casing Service, Inc. Oil well pipe pickup and laydown apparatus
FR2533635A1 (fr) * 1982-09-23 1984-03-30 Albin Alexis Procede de recuperation de l'energie potentielle developpee par une grue et dispositif permettant de le mettre en oeuvre
US20110185571A1 (en) * 2010-01-14 2011-08-04 Karl Aage Maj Clamp for clamping a blade for a wind turbine and method of installing wind turbine blades
US20120032125A1 (en) * 2011-08-17 2012-02-09 Diaz De Corcuera Sebastien Device for handling a wind turbine rotor blade and a method for handling wind turbine rotor blades
WO2012062352A1 (fr) * 2010-11-08 2012-05-18 Alstom Wind, S.L.U. Poutre de levage destinée à soulever une pale d'éolienne
CN203715060U (zh) * 2014-01-24 2014-07-16 江苏金风科技有限公司 一种风力发电机组叶片30度角安装吊具
US20150028608A1 (en) * 2013-07-29 2015-01-29 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for handling a rotor blade
EP2873641A1 (fr) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-20 AH Industries A/S Étrier en C
DE102015105178A1 (de) * 2014-11-13 2016-05-19 Ematec Manfred Eberhard Maschinen- Und Greiftechnik E.K. Aufnahmeelement für ein Rotorblatt
US20180257914A1 (en) * 2017-03-08 2018-09-13 Gks Stahl- Und Maschinenbau Gmbh Gripper and cross-member having at least one gripper
CN112010169A (zh) * 2020-08-26 2020-12-01 江苏金风科技有限公司 叶片吊装工装及其液压系统

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE625847A (fr) *
US3310335A (en) * 1965-10-13 1967-03-21 Neil E Shuey Load lifting mechanism
US4332411A (en) * 1979-07-02 1982-06-01 Benton Casing Service, Inc. Oil well pipe pickup and laydown apparatus
FR2533635A1 (fr) * 1982-09-23 1984-03-30 Albin Alexis Procede de recuperation de l'energie potentielle developpee par une grue et dispositif permettant de le mettre en oeuvre
US20110185571A1 (en) * 2010-01-14 2011-08-04 Karl Aage Maj Clamp for clamping a blade for a wind turbine and method of installing wind turbine blades
WO2012062352A1 (fr) * 2010-11-08 2012-05-18 Alstom Wind, S.L.U. Poutre de levage destinée à soulever une pale d'éolienne
US20120032125A1 (en) * 2011-08-17 2012-02-09 Diaz De Corcuera Sebastien Device for handling a wind turbine rotor blade and a method for handling wind turbine rotor blades
US20150028608A1 (en) * 2013-07-29 2015-01-29 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for handling a rotor blade
EP2873641A1 (fr) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-20 AH Industries A/S Étrier en C
CN203715060U (zh) * 2014-01-24 2014-07-16 江苏金风科技有限公司 一种风力发电机组叶片30度角安装吊具
DE102015105178A1 (de) * 2014-11-13 2016-05-19 Ematec Manfred Eberhard Maschinen- Und Greiftechnik E.K. Aufnahmeelement für ein Rotorblatt
US20180257914A1 (en) * 2017-03-08 2018-09-13 Gks Stahl- Und Maschinenbau Gmbh Gripper and cross-member having at least one gripper
CN112010169A (zh) * 2020-08-26 2020-12-01 江苏金风科技有限公司 叶片吊装工装及其液压系统

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