WO2023051751A1 - 带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置 - Google Patents

带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023051751A1
WO2023051751A1 PCT/CN2022/123035 CN2022123035W WO2023051751A1 WO 2023051751 A1 WO2023051751 A1 WO 2023051751A1 CN 2022123035 W CN2022123035 W CN 2022123035W WO 2023051751 A1 WO2023051751 A1 WO 2023051751A1
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root canal
needle
suction
irrigation
flushing
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PCT/CN2022/123035
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English (en)
French (fr)
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岳波
孙祖录
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艾博莱特（苏州）科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023051751A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023051751A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
    • A61C5/40—Implements for surgical treatment of the roots or nerves of the teeth; Nerve needles; Methods or instruments for medication of the roots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/02—Rinsing or air-blowing devices, e.g. using fluid jets or comprising liquid medication
    • A61C17/0208—Rinsing or air-blowing devices, e.g. using fluid jets or comprising liquid medication combined with means providing suction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/16—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices
    • A61C17/20—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices using ultrasonics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dental medical instrument, in particular to a root canal irrigation device with a suck-back function used for cleaning the root canal during dental pulp treatment.
  • Endodontics aims to mechanically and chemically remove microorganisms from the root canal, inactivate their by-products and perfectly seal the root canal space to prevent future recontamination of the root canal space. If the root canal can be thoroughly cleaned and then effectively sealed using irrigation alone, mechanical instruments are unnecessary.
  • the initial cleaning of the root canal is usually performed with mechanical instruments to remove most of the pulp tissue, necrotic debris and bacterial biofilm or previous root filling material. No further cleaning is possible without removing the old material in the aforementioned root.
  • Mechanical instruments use stainless steel hand files or motor-driven nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary and/or reciprocating files, neither of which completely clean the canal but create a
  • the "space" can be injected with flushing liquid to play a cleaning role.
  • a large portion of the canal wall is not directly accessible by instruments, and irrigation is considered the main method of cleaning and disinfecting the area of the root canal system.
  • it is notoriously ineffective to use irrigants i.e.
  • devices for root canal irrigation include the use of a conventional endodontic syringe and an open-ended or closed cannula for irrigating the root canal.
  • This state-of-the-art technique is the most widely used because it does not require any special equipment to operate and allows reasonable control of cannula depth and delivery of irrigation fluid.
  • Irrigation is an important part of root canal treatment because it enhances debridement and disinfection of areas where instrumentation is insufficient. Irrigation is primarily done with a syringe and needle (or cannula), but this simple method fails to clean the distal regions of the root canal system. Even in main canals, instruments cannot reach all areas of the canal wall. This occurs because of factors related to instrument characteristics and/or root canal anatomy. For example, canal preparation with final instrumentation sizes smaller than the original canal diameter is expected to leave more untouched area. As for the anatomy, curvature introduces complications for instruments because the cutting action of instruments along curved canals is more focused on some canal walls than others. Therefore, some areas may not be affected by the device.
  • C-shaped and oval/flat canals have an irregular morphology that does not match the circular preparation provided by rotary instrumentation systems. Therefore, as expected, canals with these morphologies will have a large uninstrumented area after preparation, as instruments may not reach all distal canals.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a root canal irrigation device with a suction function.
  • a root canal irrigation device with a suction function comprising a root canal irrigation head and a suction needle tube, the front end of the root canal irrigation head is provided with an assembly port, and the suction needle tube is detachably assembled in the root canal irrigation In the assembly port at the front end of the head;
  • the root canal irrigation head includes a rod-shaped body, the rear end of which is connected to a dental irrigation device; the rod-shaped body is provided with an irrigation channel along its length, and the front end of the rinse channel serves as a flushing device.
  • An opening is opened at the front end of the rod-shaped body, and the flushing port is located at the rear side of the assembly port; the rear end of the flushing channel communicates with the liquid outlet in the dental flushing device;
  • the suction needle tube includes a needle part located at the lower end and a tube body part located at the upper end, and the internal flow channels of the two are connected to each other; the lower end of the needle part is a liquid suction end, which extends into the root canal of the tooth; The rear end of the pipe body part is communicated with a dental suction device;
  • the front end of the root canal irrigation head is bent upwards, the lower end of the needle part is inclined forward, and the center line of the length direction of the needle part and the center line of the rod-shaped body form an angle ⁇ ;
  • the flushing port at the front end of the flushing channel is bent downwards, and the center line constituting the cross-section of the flushing port forms an angle ⁇ with the center line in the length direction of the needle part.
  • the included angle ⁇ is 20-90°, the included angle ⁇ is 20-90°, and the included angle ⁇ +angle ⁇ 90°;
  • the flushing pressure range of the flushing fluid is 5000-40000psi , the suction pressure range of the suction needle tube is 500-20000 psi;
  • the diameter of the flushing port is 50-800 microns.
  • the irrigation liquid can be sprayed to form an effective pressure range and jet diameter, which can fully clean the pulp cavity and avoid liquid damage or erosion inside the pulp cavity;
  • the irrigation fluid can be effectively sprayed and guided to the pulp cavity of the root canal for cleaning, and it helps to form a stable and sustainable fluid return path, which can ensure the cleaning effect , and avoid injury.
  • the dental rinsing device is an ultrasonic or sonic tooth scaler, and the root canal rinsing head transmits vibration to the suction needle to perform ultrasonic cleaning on the root canal.
  • the upper end of the needle part of the suction needle tube has a crowned head, and the tube body part is detachably connected to the crowned head of the needle part.
  • the needle part of the suction needle tube is one piece, and the distal needle part of the needle part has an opening;
  • the needle portion has a taper along its length from the proximal end to the distal end, and forms a funnel-shaped structure at the proximal end of the needle portion.
  • the opening is located at the tip of the needle, or at the lateral side of the needle.
  • the needle of the suction needle tube is an assembly, which is composed of a polymer cannula at the far end and a second polymer component at the proximal end; wherein the diameter of the polymer cannula is less than The diameter of the second polymer component.
  • the distal portion of the second polymer member is tapered, and has a funnel-shaped structure at the proximal portion.
  • the upper end of the needle part of the suction needle tube has two lateral wing-like protrusions.
  • the present invention is a root canal flushing device with a suction function, which includes a root canal flushing head and a suction needle tube, both of which are detachable and assembled;
  • the root canal flushing head includes a rod-shaped body, and a flushing flow channel is opened along its length direction, and the flow path
  • the front end of the channel is the flushing port, and the back end of the flow channel is connected with the dental rinsing device;
  • the back suction needle tube includes the needle part and the tube body part, and the lower end of the needle part is the suction end, which extends into the root canal of the tooth;
  • the back end of the tube body part Connected with dental suction equipment;
  • the front end of the root canal irrigation head is bent upwards, and the lower end of the needle part is inclined forward, and the centerline of the length direction of the needle part and the centerline of the length direction of the rod-shaped body form an included angle ⁇ ;
  • the flushing flow channel The flushing port at the front end is bent
  • the present invention provides the activation of the irrigating fluid along with the irrigating and the evacuation of the root canal contents. It solves the problems existing in the prior art, that is, insufficient delivery and activation of the irrigating fluid to one-third of the root canal, resulting in incomplete cleaning, and penetration of the irrigating fluid into the periapical tissue through small holes, leading to treatment complications.
  • the present invention provides a safer, less costly and effective method for continuous delivery of irrigation fluid without tip pressure while being able to activate the irrigation fluid and safely evacuate it through negative pressure.
  • the needle part of the present invention has a one-way continuous vacuuming path to generate negative pressure, so that the irrigation liquid flows to the apex of one-third of the root canal without being squeezed out.
  • Proper activation of the irrigation fluid is provided by applying ultrasonic vibrations and energy to the needle portion.
  • the use of ultrasonic energy allows irrigation to be delivered to the root canal at low flow rates.
  • the energy transferred to the irrigating fluid especially sodium hypochlorite and EDTA, disrupts the microbial environment present within the root canal and dissolves organic tissue and other debris from the affected area, allowing for a more effective root canal treatment.
  • the Root Canal Irrigation Head automatically provides a continuous stream of irrigating fluid and requires no secondary assembly with syringes or irrigation pumps.
  • the needle part of the suction needle tube is disposable, which solves the problems of cleaning and disinfection and avoids cross-infection.
  • root canal flushing head 2. suction needle tube; 3. assembly port; 4. rod-shaped body; 5. needle part; 5a. polymer cannula; 5b. second polymer part; 6 .Irrigation channel; 7. Irrigation port; 8. Tube body; 9. Internal flow channel; 10. Root canal; 11. Periapical tissue; 12. Coronal head; 13. Opening; 15. Funnel-shaped structure; 1a. Flexible segment.
  • connection or “positioning” can mean that two or more components or devices are in direct physical contact with each other, or that they are in indirect physical contact with each other, or that two or more components or devices are in mutual operation. or action.
  • a root canal irrigation device with a suction function includes a root canal irrigation head 1 and a suction needle tube 2, the front end of the root canal irrigation head 1 is provided with an assembly port 3, the The suction needle tube 2 is detachably assembled in the assembly port 3 at the front end of the root canal irrigation head 1 .
  • the root canal irrigation head 1 includes a rod-shaped body 4, the rear end of the rod-shaped body 4 is detachably connected with a dental irrigation device; the rod-shaped body 4 is provided with an irrigation flow channel 6 along its length direction, the The front end of the flushing channel 6 is set on the front end of the rod-shaped body 4 as a flushing port 7, and the flushing port 7 is located on the rear side of the assembly port 3; the rear end of the flushing channel 6 is connected to the dental irrigation device.
  • the liquid outlet is connected.
  • the suction needle tube 2 includes a needle part 5 located at the lower end and a tube body part 8 located at the upper end, and the internal channels 9 of the two communicate with each other; the lower end of the needle part 5 is a liquid suction end, which extends into the root of the tooth In the tube 10 ; the rear end of the tube body part 8 communicates with a dental suction device.
  • the dental suction device is used to generate negative pressure, thereby generating suction, so that the suction needle 2 can suck back the content (liquid, debris, etc.) in the root canal 10 .
  • the internal flow channel 9 provides a single continuous, uninterrupted flow path for the suction of the contents of the root canal 10 .
  • the front end of the root canal irrigation head 1 is bent upwards, the lower end of the needle part 5 is inclined forward, and the centerline of the length direction of the needle part 5 is formed with the centerline of the rod-shaped body 4 in the length direction.
  • An included angle ⁇ is included.
  • the flushing port 7 at the front end of the flushing channel 6 is bent downwards, and the center line constituting the cross section of the flushing port 7 forms an angle ⁇ with the center line of the needle part 5 in the length direction.
  • the flushing channel 6 of the root canal flushing head 1 is positively pressing out the liquid, and the flushing liquid enters the root canal 10 to flush the root canal 10, and at the same time, the needle part 5 of the suction needle 2 goes deep into the root canal 10 for negative Press back and suck to form a one-way cleaning circuit.
  • the irrigating fluid moves dynamically in one direction from the upper pulp cavity of the root canal 10 to the lower apex.
  • the apex refers to the lower third of the length of the root canal 10 .
  • Dynamic one-way movement refers to the one-way path in which the irrigation fluid rushes from the root canal mouth into the pulp cavity and then to the apex, and then is sucked back into the suction needle 2 by negative pressure.
  • Negative pressure suction can make the suction needle 2
  • the end of the part 5 drains the liquid from the apex below the root canal 10, which helps to guide the irrigating fluid to flow downward from the top of the root canal 10, improving the cleaning effect, and the irrigating fluid will not reach the bottom of the root apex. Penetration into the periapical tissue 11 through the small hole is avoided, leading to treatment complications. This not only ensures the effect of flushing and suction, but also avoids damage to the root tip and gums.
  • the included angle ⁇ is 20° to 90°, the included angle ⁇ is 20° to 90°, and the included angle ⁇ +angle ⁇ 90°;
  • the flushing pressure range of the flushing liquid is 5000 to 40,000 psi, and the The suction pressure range of the suction needle tube is 500-20000 psi;
  • the diameter of the flushing port is 50-800 microns.
  • the irrigation liquid can be sprayed to form an effective pressure range and jet diameter, which can fully clean the pulp cavity and avoid liquid flow damage or erosion inside the pulp cavity; through the above-mentioned irrigation pressure and suction pressure
  • the setting can meet the requirements of effectively spraying and guiding the irrigation fluid to the pulp cavity of the root canal for cleaning, and helps to form a stable and sustainable liquid return path, which can not only ensure the cleaning effect, but also avoid damage.
  • the dental irrigating device is an ultrasonic or sonic dental scaler
  • the root canal irrigating head 1 transmits vibration to the suction needle 2 to perform ultrasonic cleaning on the root canal 10 .
  • the energy generated by the ultrasonic or sonic scaler is converted into the vibration of the root canal irrigation device, so that the root canal 10 is optimally cleaned by the suction needle 2 .
  • the needle part 5 vibrates in the root canal 10
  • the root canal irrigation head 1 continuously delivers the irrigating fluid to the root canal 10, thereby activating the irrigating fluid.
  • the upper end of the needle part 5 of the suction needle tube 2 has a crowned head 12 , and the body part 8 is detachably connected to the crowned head 12 of the needle part 5 .
  • the needle part 5 can be used once and is easy to replace. When replacing, the tube body part 8 is first removed, and then the needle part 5 is removed for replacement, which is hygienic and reduces the overall replacement cost.
  • the coronal head 12 of the needle part 5 can be bent backwards to form the tube part 8 and extend backwards after being combined, so as to avoid interference when the root canal 10 is rinsed.
  • the body portion 8 of the suction needle 2 can also be directly bent backwards to form an elbow, which can avoid interference during irrigation of the root canal 10 .
  • the needle part 5 of the suction needle tube 2 is one piece, and the distal needle of the needle part 5 has an opening 13; the needle part 5 has a taper along its length direction from the proximal end to the distal end.
  • the needle part 5 is an approximately cylindrical tubular structure, and a funnel-shaped structure 15 is formed at the proximal end of the needle part 5 .
  • the diameter of the needle is 0.35 ⁇ 0.25mm.
  • the upper end of the needle part 5 has two lateral wing-like protrusions 14 .
  • Matching the funnel-shaped design of the proximal end of the needle part 5 can facilitate the assembly of the suction needle tube 2 into the assembly port 3 of the root canal irrigation head 1 .
  • the needle portion 5 of the retraction needle 2 is an assembly, consisting of a polymer cannula 5a at the distal end and a second polymer component 5b at the proximal end. Connection composition; wherein the diameter of the polymer cannula 5a is smaller than the diameter of the second polymer part 5b. Attachment methods include chemical attachment, bonding with medical-grade glue, or overmolding.
  • the distal end portion of the second polymer member 5b may be tapered, and has a funnel-shaped structure 15 at the proximal end portion.
  • the opening 13 of the needle part 5 can be located at the tip of the needle as shown in Figure 7, or at the lateral side of the needle as shown in Figures 12 and 13 . Debris and impurities in the root canal 10 can be removed through the opening 13 , and when the opening 13 is provided on the side, one or more can be provided in the circumferential direction.
  • the needle part 5 can be screwed into the assembly port 3 of the root canal irrigation head 1 .
  • the front section of the root canal irrigation head 1 can also be set as a flexible section 1a.
  • the flexibility can be achieved by known polymer materials to weaken the vibration transmission between the needle part 5 and the root canal irrigation head 1, so that the needle part 5 will not be activated by ultrasonic or sound wave equipment, but it will not affect its normal negative pressure suction Function.
  • the needle portion 5 of the suction needle tube 2 can be made of a polymer selected from any one of the following materials: polypropylene polymer, polyethylene polymer, polyether ether ketone, polycarboxylate, Amorphous thermoplastic polyetherimide; alternatively, polymer alloys or composites of polycarbonate and polybutylene terephthalate Xenoy resin, polycarbonate and isophthalate isophthalate Copolymers of bisphenol resins Lexan plastics, liquid crystal polymers or any other suitable resinous plastic or composite material of sufficient strength at smaller diameters can be used.
  • polypropylene polymer polyethylene polymer
  • polyether ether ketone polycarboxylate
  • Amorphous thermoplastic polyetherimide alternatively, polymer alloys or composites of polycarbonate and polybutylene terephthalate Xenoy resin, polycarbonate and isophthalate isophthalate Copolymers of bisphenol resins Lexan plastics, liquid crystal polymers or any other suitable resinous plastic or composite material
  • the needle part 5 of the present invention has a unidirectional continuous vacuuming path (ie, the inner flow channel 9 ) which can generate negative pressure, so that the irrigation fluid can flow to the apex of one third of the root canal 10 without being squeezed out.
  • Appropriate activation of the irrigation fluid is provided by applying ultrasonic vibrations and energy to the needle portion 5 .
  • the use of ultrasonic energy allows the delivery of irrigating fluid to the root canal 10 at a low flow rate.
  • the energy transferred to the irrigating fluid especially sodium hypochlorite and EDTA, disrupts the microbial environment present within the root canal 10 and dissolves organic tissue and other debris from the affected area, thereby achieving a more effective root canal treatment.
  • the root canal irrigation head 1 automatically provides a continuous flow of irrigation fluid without secondary assembly using a syringe or irrigation pump.
  • the needle part 5 of the suction needle tube 2 is disposable, which solves the problems of cleaning and disinfection and avoids cross-infection.

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Abstract

一种带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，包括根管冲洗头（1）及回吸针管（2），两者可拆卸装配；根管冲洗头（1）包括杆状本体（4），沿其长度方向开设有冲洗流道（6），冲洗流道（6）前端为冲洗口（7），冲洗流道（6）后端与牙科冲洗装置连通；回吸针管（2）包括针头部分（5）及管体部分（8），针头部分（5）的下端为吸液端，伸入牙齿的根管中；管体部分（8）的后端与牙科回吸设备连通；根管冲洗头（1）的前端向上弯曲，构成针头部分（5）的下端向前倾斜，且针头部分（5）长度方向的中心线与杆状本体（4）长度方向的中心线形成夹角α；冲洗流道（6）前端的冲洗口（7）向下弯曲，构成冲洗口（7）横截面的中心线与针头部分（5）长度方向的中心线形成夹角β。

Description

带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置 技术领域
本发明涉及牙科医疗器械，具体涉及一种牙髓治疗时用于清洁牙根管的带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置。
背景技术
牙髓治疗旨在通过机械、化学方式清除根管中的微生物，使它们的副产物失活，并完美地密封根管空间以防止根管空间将来受到再次污染。如果根管可以单独使用冲洗的方式彻底清洁，然后有效地封闭，就不需要机械类器械。
根管的初始清洁通常通过机械类器械进行，以去除大部分牙髓组织、坏死碎片和细菌生物膜或先前的牙根填充材料。若不去除上述牙根中的原有物质，则无法进一步清洁。机械类器械使用的是不锈钢手用根管锉或发动机驱动的镍钛(NiTi)旋转和/或往复式根管锉，这两种根管锉都不能完全清洁根管，但使用后会创造一个“空间”可注入冲洗液，起到清洗的作用。根管壁的很大一部分无法通过器械进行直接作用，冲洗被认为是清洁和消毒根管系统区域的主要方法。然而，众所周知，除非根管适当扩大，否则无法有效使用冲洗液(即次氯酸钠)清洁和消毒根管底部的尖端部分。各种冲洗试剂、技术和设备需要与机械类器械一起使用，才能改善根管系统的清洁和消毒。
通常，根管冲洗用装置包括使用传统的牙髓注射器和用于冲洗根管的末端开口或封闭的插管。这种现有技术应用最广泛，因为它不需要任何特殊设备来操作，并且可以合理控制插管深度和输送的冲洗液量。
冲洗是根管治疗的重要组成部分，因为它可以加强器械清洁不足区域的清创和消毒。冲洗主要通过注射器和针头(或插管)进行，但这种简单的方法无法清洁根管系统的远端区域。即使在主要根管中，器械也无法到达根管壁的所有区域。发生这种情况是因为与器械特征和/或根管解剖结构相关的因素。例如，根管预备时若最终器械使用小于初始根管直径的尺寸，预计会留下更多未触及的区域。至于解剖结构，弯曲会给器械带来复杂性，因为器械沿弯曲根管的切割动作更多地集中在某些根管壁上而不是其他根管壁上。因此，某些区域可能不会受到器械的影响。此外，C形和椭圆形/扁平的根管具有不规则的形态，这与旋转器械系统提供的圆形预备方式不匹配。因此，不出所料，具有这些形态的根管在预备后会出现大量未使用器械的区域，因为器械可能无法到达所有根管远端。
细菌持续存在的主要原因是目前的技术和药物无法对整个根管系统进行消毒。未能使用器械的区域和未触及的根管远端可能有细菌生物膜的残留物。人们可能会认为，即使器械无法到达所有的根管壁，这些区域也会被用于冲洗的NaOCl溶液渗透，这可以溶解坏死组织残余物并杀死残留的细菌。在这种情况下，冲洗液应该以有效的浓度和流量到达未使用器械 的区域，并在其中停留足够长的时间以使其生效。当前的器械系统无法可预测地接触所有根管壁并到达远离主要根管的这些区域。因此，迫切需要制定策略以改善主要根管腔和整个根管系统的感染控制。
因此，如何解决上述现有技术存在的不足，便成为本发明所要研究解决的课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，包括根管冲洗头以及回吸针管，所述根管冲洗头的前端设有一装配口，所述回吸针管可拆卸地装配于所述根管冲洗头前端的所述装配口中；
所述根管冲洗头包括一杆状本体，该杆状本体的后端与一牙科冲洗装置连接；所述杆状本体中沿其长度方向开设有一冲洗流道，该冲洗流道的前端作为冲洗口开设于所述杆状本体的前端，且该冲洗口位于所述装配口的后侧；冲洗流道的后端与所述牙科冲洗装置中的出液口连通；
所述回吸针管包括位于下端的针头部分以及位于上端的管体部分，且两者的内部流道相互连通；所述针头部分的下端为吸液端，伸入牙齿的根管中；所述管体部分的后端与一牙科回吸设备连通设置；
其中，所述根管冲洗头的前端向上弯曲，构成所述针头部分的下端向前倾斜，且所述针头部分长度方向的中心线与所述杆状本体长度方向的中心线形成一夹角α；
其中，所述冲洗流道前端的冲洗口向下弯曲，构成所述冲洗口横截面的中心线与所述针头部分长度方向的中心线形成一夹角β。
上述技术方案中的有关内容解释如下：
1.上述方案中，所述夹角α为20～90°，所述夹角β为20～90°，且夹角α+夹角β≥90°；冲洗液的冲洗压力范围为5000～40000psi，所述回吸针管的回吸压力范围为500～20000psi；所述冲洗口的直径为50～800微米。
通过上述角度和冲洗压力的设计，能够使冲洗液喷射形成有效的压力范围和射流直径，对牙髓腔进行充分清洗且避免液流损伤或侵蚀牙髓腔内部；
通过上述冲洗压力和回吸压力的设定，可满足可将冲洗液有效喷射引导至根管的牙髓腔中进行清洁，并有助于形成稳定可持续的液体回流路径，既能保证清洗效果，又能避免伤害。
2.上述方案中，所述牙科冲洗装置为超声波或声波洁牙机，所述根管冲洗头将振动传递至所述回吸针管对根管进行超声波荡洗。
3.上述方案中，所述回吸针管的针头部分上端具有一冠状头部，所述管体部分可拆卸地连设于所述针头部分的冠状头部上。
4.上述方案中，所述针头部分的冠状头部向后弯折设置。
5.上述方案中，所述回吸针管的针头部分为一体件，针头部分的远端针头处具有一开口；
所述针头部分沿其长度方向从近端到远端具有锥度，并于针头部分的近端形成一漏斗形结构。
6.上述方案中，所述开口位于所述针头处的尖端，或位于所述针头处的横向侧部。
7.上述方案中，所述回吸针管的针头部分为组合件，由位于远端的聚合物插管和位于近端的第二聚合物部件连接组成；其中所述聚合物插管的直径小于所述第二聚合物部件的直径。
8.上述方案中，所述第二聚合物部件的远端部分呈锥形，且在近端部分具有漏斗形结构。
9.上述方案中，所述回吸针管的针头部分上端具有两个侧向翼状突起。
本发明的工作原理及优点如下：
本发明一种带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，包括根管冲洗头及回吸针管，两者可拆卸装配；根管冲洗头包括杆状本体，沿其长度方向开设有冲洗流道，流道前端为冲洗口，流道后端与牙科冲洗装置连通；回吸针管包括针头部分及管体部分，针头部分的下端为吸液端，伸入牙齿的根管中；管体部分的后端与牙科回吸设备连通；根管冲洗头的前端向上弯曲，构成针头部分的下端向前倾斜，且针头部分长度方向的中心线与杆状本体长度方向的中心线形成夹角α；冲洗流道前端的冲洗口向下弯曲，构成冲洗口横截面的中心线与针头部分长度方向的中心线形成夹角β。
相比现有技术而言，本发明提供伴随冲洗和根管内容物的抽空，还可实现冲洗液的活化。解决了现有技术存在的问题，即冲洗液向根管的三分之一处输送和活化不足，导致清洁不完全，以及冲洗液通过小孔渗透到根尖周组织中，导致治疗并发症。
本发明提供了一种更安全、成本低和有效的方法来连续输送冲洗液而没有顶端压力，同时能够活化冲洗液，并通过负压安全地将其抽空。
本发明针头部分有一个单向连续抽真空路径可产生负压，使冲洗液流到根管三分之一的根尖处而不会被挤出。
通过给针头部分施加超声波振动和能量，从而为冲洗液提供适当活化。超声波能量的使用使得冲洗液可以以低流速输送到根管。正如本领域技术人员将理解的，转移到冲洗液的能量，尤其是次氯酸钠和EDTA，会破坏根管内存在的微生物环境，并溶解有机组织和来自受影响区域的其他碎片，从而实现更有效的根管治疗。
根管冲洗头自动提供连续的冲洗液流，不需要使用注射器或冲洗泵进行二次组装。回吸针管的针头部分是一次性的，解决了清洁、消毒的问题，避免了交叉感染。
附图说明
附图1为本发明实施例的结构示意图一；
附图2为本发明实施例的结构示意图二；
附图3为本发明实施例冲洗液的流向示意图；
附图4为本发明实施例的结构示意图三(无管体部分)；
附图5为本发明实施例的工作原理示意图；
附图6为本发明实施例冠状头部弯折的结构示意图；
附图7为本发明实施例一体式针头部分的结构示意图；
附图8为本发明实施例组合式针头部分的结构示意图；
附图9为图8的剖面示意图；
附图10为本发明实施例另一组合式针头部分的结构示意图；
附图11为图10中A处的放大图；
附图12为本发明实施例组合式针头部分的结构示意图；
附图13为图12中B处的放大图；
附图14为本发明实施例装配口为螺纹口的结构示意图；
附图15为本发明实施例根管冲洗头的前段为柔韧段的结构示意图。
以上附图中：1.根管冲洗头；2.回吸针管；3.装配口；4.杆状本体；5.针头部分；5a.聚合物插管；5b.第二聚合物部件；6.冲洗流道；7.冲洗口；8.管体部分；9.内部流道；10.根管；11.根尖周部组织；12.冠状头部；13.开口；14.翼状突起；15.漏斗形结构；1a.柔韧段。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
实施例：以下将以图式及详细叙述对本案进行清楚说明，任何本领域技术人员在了解本案的实施例后，当可由本案所教示的技术，加以改变及修饰，其并不脱离本案的精神与范围。
本文的用语只为描述特定实施例，而无意为本案的限制。单数形式如“一”、“这”、“此”、“本”以及“该”，如本文所用，同样也包含复数形式。
关于本文中所使用的“连接”或“定位”，均可指二或多个组件或装置相互直接作实体接触，或是相互间接作实体接触，亦可指二或多个组件或装置相互操作或动作。
关于本文中所使用的“包含”、“包括”、“具有”等，均为开放性的用语，即意指包含但不限于。
关于本文中所使用的用词(terms)，除有特别注明外，通常具有每个用词使用在此领域中、在本案内容中与特殊内容中的平常意义。某些用以描述本案的用词将于下或在此说明 书的别处讨论，以提供本领域技术人员在有关本案描述上额外的引导。
关于本文中所使用的“上”、“下”为方向性用词，在本案中仅为说明各结构之间位置关系，并非用以限定本案保护方案及实际实施时的具体方向。
参见附图1～4所示，一种带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，包括根管冲洗头1以及回吸针管2，所述根管冲洗头1的前端设有一装配口3，所述回吸针管2可拆卸地装配于所述根管冲洗头1前端的所述装配口3中。
所述根管冲洗头1包括一杆状本体4，该杆状本体4的后端与一牙科冲洗装置可拆卸连接；所述杆状本体4中沿其长度方向开设有一冲洗流道6，该冲洗流道6的前端作为冲洗口7开设于所述杆状本体4的前端，且该冲洗口7位于所述装配口3的后侧；冲洗流道6的后端与所述牙科冲洗装置中的出液口连通。
所述回吸针管2包括位于下端的针头部分5以及位于上端的管体部分8，且两者的内部流道9相互连通；所述针头部分5的下端为吸液端，伸入牙齿的根管10中；所述管体部分8的后端与一牙科回吸设备连通设置。牙科回吸设备用于产生负压，进而产生吸力，便于回吸针管2对根管10中的内容物(液体、碎屑等)进行回吸。
所述内部流道9为根管10内容物的抽吸提供了单一连续、不间断的流动路径。
其中，所述根管冲洗头1的前端向上弯曲，构成所述针头部分5的下端向前倾斜，且所述针头部分5长度方向的中心线与所述杆状本体4长度方向的中心线形成一夹角α。
其中，所述冲洗流道6前端的冲洗口7向下弯曲，构成所述冲洗口7横截面的中心线与所述针头部分5长度方向的中心线形成一夹角β。
如图5所示，根管冲洗头1的冲洗流道6正压出液，冲洗液进入根管10后对根管10进行冲洗，同时回吸针管2的针头部分5深入根管10进行负压回吸，形成一单向清洗回路。冲洗液从根管10上部的牙髓腔至下部的根尖进行动态单向运动。根尖是指根管10下三分之一长度段。动态单向运动是指冲洗液从根管口冲入牙髓腔再到根尖处后由负压回吸到回吸针管2中的单向路径，负压吸液可使回吸针管2针头部分5的末端对根管10下方的根尖部进行液体排空，有助于引导冲洗液从根管10上方向下方流动，提高清洁效果，冲洗液也不会到达根尖的最底端，避免了通过小孔渗透到根尖周部组织11中，导致治疗并发症。这样既保证了冲洗、回吸的效果，同时避免了对根尖、牙龈损伤。
优选的，所述夹角α为20～90°，所述夹角β为20～90°，且夹角α+夹角β≥90°；冲洗液的冲洗压力范围为5000～40000psi，所述回吸针管的回吸压力范围为500～20000psi；所述冲洗口的直径为50～800微米。
通过上述角度和冲洗压力的设计，能够使冲洗液喷射形成有效的压力范围和射流直径，对牙髓腔进行充分清洗且避免液流损伤或侵蚀牙髓腔内部；通过上述冲洗压力和回吸压力的 设定，可满足可将冲洗液有效喷射引导至根管的牙髓腔中进行清洁，并有助于形成稳定可持续的液体回流路径，既能保证清洗效果，又能避免伤害。
优选的，所述牙科冲洗装置为超声波或声波洁牙机，所述根管冲洗头1将振动传递至所述回吸针管2对根管10进行超声波荡洗。超声波或声波洁牙机产生的能量转化为根管冲洗装置的振动，从而通过回吸针管2对根管10进行最佳清洁。针头部分5在根管10内振动的同时根管冲洗头1对根管10连续输送冲洗液，从而使冲洗液活化。
在根管10治疗清洗时对冲洗液进行机械、声波或超声波活化，在增强消毒方面显示出良好的效果，能有效去除根管10治疗后未能使用器械区域的组织残留物和细菌生物膜。
如图4所示，所述回吸针管2的针头部分5上端具有一冠状头部12，所述管体部分8可拆卸地连设于所述针头部分5的冠状头部12上。借此设计可实现针头部分5的一次性使用，且便于更换。更换时先取下管体部分8，然后再取下针头部分5对其更换，既卫生又降低了整体更换成本。
优选的，如图6所示，所述针头部分5的冠状头部12可向后弯折设置，构成管体部分8与其组合后向后延伸，可避免在进行根管10冲洗时产生干涉。或者，也可直接将所述回吸针管2的管体部分8向后弯曲成为弯管，可避免在进行根管10冲洗时产生干涉。
如图7所示，所述回吸针管2的针头部分5为一体件，针头部分5的远端针头处具有一开口13；所述针头部分5沿其长度方向从近端到远端具有锥度，构成针头部分5为近似圆柱形的管状结构，并于针头部分5的近端形成一漏斗形结构15。
所述针头处的直径为0.35±0.25mm。
优选的，所述针头部分5上端具有两个侧向翼状突起14。配合针头部分5近端的漏斗形设计可利于回吸针管2装配入所述根管冲洗头1的装配口3。
如图8、9所示，在某些实施例中，所述回吸针管2的针头部分5为组合件，由位于远端的聚合物插管5a和位于近端的第二聚合物部件5b连接组成；其中所述聚合物插管5a的直径小于所述第二聚合物部件5b的直径。连接方式包括化学附着、医用级胶水粘合或包覆成型。
其中，如图10、11所示，所述第二聚合物部件5b的远端部分可呈锥形，且在近端部分具有漏斗形结构15。
如图7所示，所述针头部分5的开口13可位于所述针头处的尖端，或者如图12、13所示，位于所述针头处的横向侧部。通过开口13可去除根管10内的碎屑杂质，且当开口13设于侧部时可于圆周方向设一个或间隔设置多个。
如图14所示，在某些实施例中，所述针头部分5可与所述根管冲洗头1的装配口3螺纹配合。
如图15所示，在某些实施例中，所述根管冲洗头1的前段也可设为柔韧段1a。可通 过已知的聚合物材质实现柔韧性，以弱化针头部分5与根管冲洗头1的振动传导，使得针头部分5不会被超声波或声波设备激活，但不影响其正常的负压吸液功能。
优选的，回吸针管2的针头部分5可由一种聚合物制成，该聚合物选自以下任一种材料：聚丙烯聚合物、聚乙烯聚合物、聚醚醚酮、聚羧酸盐、无定形热塑性聚醚酰亚胺；另外，聚合物合金或聚碳酸酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的复合材料Xenoy树脂、聚碳酸酯和间苯二甲酸酯对苯二甲酸间苯二酚树脂的共聚物Lexan塑料、液晶聚合物或任何其他合适的树脂塑料或较小直径处有足够强度复合材料都可以使用。
本发明针头部分5有一个单向连续抽真空路径(即内部流道9)可产生负压，使冲洗液流到根管10三分之一的根尖处而不会被挤出。
通过给针头部分5施加超声波振动和能量，从而为冲洗液提供适当活化。超声波能量的使用使得冲洗液可以以低流速输送到根管10。正如本领域技术人员将理解的，转移到冲洗液的能量，尤其是次氯酸钠和EDTA，会破坏根管10内存在的微生物环境，并溶解有机组织和来自受影响区域的其他碎片，从而实现更有效的根管治疗。
另外，根管冲洗头1自动提供连续的冲洗液流，不需要使用注射器或冲洗泵进行二次组装。回吸针管2的针头部分5是一次性的，解决了清洁、消毒的问题，避免了交叉感染。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，其特征在于：
    包括根管冲洗头以及回吸针管，所述根管冲洗头的前端设有一装配口，所述回吸针管可拆卸地装配于所述根管冲洗头前端的所述装配口中；
    所述根管冲洗头包括一杆状本体，该杆状本体的后端与一牙科冲洗装置连接；所述杆状本体中沿其长度方向开设有一冲洗流道，该冲洗流道的前端作为冲洗口开设于所述杆状本体的前端，且该冲洗口位于所述装配口的后侧；冲洗流道的后端与所述牙科冲洗装置中的出液口连通；
    所述回吸针管包括位于下端的针头部分以及位于上端的管体部分，且两者的内部流道相互连通；所述针头部分的下端为吸液端，伸入牙齿的根管中；所述管体部分的后端与一牙科回吸设备连通设置；
    其中，所述根管冲洗头的前端向上弯曲，构成所述针头部分的下端向前倾斜，且所述针头部分长度方向的中心线与所述杆状本体长度方向的中心线形成一夹角α；
    其中，所述冲洗流道前端的冲洗口向下弯曲，构成所述冲洗口横截面的中心线与所述针头部分长度方向的中心线形成一夹角β。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，其特征在于：所述夹角α为20～90°，所述夹角β为20～90°，且夹角α+夹角β≥90°；
    冲洗液的冲洗压力范围为5000～40000psi，所述回吸针管的回吸压力范围为500～20000psi；所述冲洗口的直径为50～800微米。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，其特征在于：所述牙科冲洗装置为超声波或声波洁牙机，所述根管冲洗头将振动传递至所述回吸针管对根管进行超声波荡洗。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，其特征在于：所述回吸针管的针头部分上端具有一冠状头部，所述管体部分可拆卸地连设于所述针头部分的冠状头部上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，其特征在于：所述针头部分的冠状头部向后弯折设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，其特征在于：所述回吸针管的针头部分为一体件，针头部分的远端针头处具有一开口；
    所述针头部分沿其长度方向从近端到远端具有锥度，并于针头部分的近端形成一漏斗形结构。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，其特征在于：所述开口位于所述针头处的尖端，或位于所述针头处的横向侧部。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，其特征在于：所述回吸针管的针头部分为组合件，由位于远端的聚合物插管和位于近端的第二聚合物部件连接组成；其中所述聚合物插管的直径小于所述第二聚合物部件的直径。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，其特征在于：所述第二聚合物部件的远端部分呈锥形，且在近端部分具有漏斗形结构。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的带回吸功能的根管冲洗装置，其特征在于：所述回吸针管的针头部分上端具有两个侧向翼状突起。
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