WO2023051612A1 - 型材构件、型材及光伏组件边框 - Google Patents

型材构件、型材及光伏组件边框 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023051612A1
WO2023051612A1 PCT/CN2022/122156 CN2022122156W WO2023051612A1 WO 2023051612 A1 WO2023051612 A1 WO 2023051612A1 CN 2022122156 W CN2022122156 W CN 2022122156W WO 2023051612 A1 WO2023051612 A1 WO 2023051612A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
profile
cavity
photovoltaic module
profile member
installation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/122156
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐建美
陈奕峰
朱强忠
吴耀其
Original Assignee
天合光能股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023051612A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023051612A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
    • H02S30/10—Frame structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/42—Cooling means
    • H02S40/425—Cooling means using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a profile component, a profile and a frame of a photovoltaic module.
  • Profiles are objects with certain geometric shapes made of materials with certain strength and toughness through rolling, extrusion, casting and other processes. Due to the limitation of the manufacturing process, the cross-sectional shape of a profile is generally fixed, and its shape and thickness are uniform in each cross-section in the length direction.
  • profiles generally according to actual installation requirements, select profiles that match in terms of shape, material, and mechanical properties.
  • different positions of the profile bear different external forces, which leads to deformation or even tearing at some positions of the profile.
  • the design of strengthening the overall profile is generally adopted, such as the overall thickening of the profile, which causes a waste of resources to a certain extent.
  • Profiles can be used to form various frames, installed on the outer periphery of workpieces to support, fix and protect corresponding workpieces.
  • the solar photovoltaic module is to fix the laminate including the solar cell through the photovoltaic module frame.
  • the function of the module frame is to enhance the mechanical strength of the module and seal the edge of the module laminate. And, the components are fixed on the bracket through the frame. Therefore, the strength of the frame of the module determines the overall strength of the solar photovoltaic module.
  • the present invention provides a profile component, which makes localized design of the profile possible, thereby optimizing the overall mechanical properties of the profile and reducing the cost of the profile.
  • Another aspect of the present invention also provides a profile, which can save the raw material cost and processing cost of the profile, and optimize the mechanical properties of the profile.
  • the profile includes a profile component and a profile body.
  • Another aspect of the present invention also provides a frame, which can save the raw material cost and processing cost of the frame, and optimize the mechanical properties of the frame.
  • a photovoltaic module frame is also provided, which can save the raw material cost and processing cost of the photovoltaic module frame, and optimize the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic module frame.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a profile member, characterized in that: the profile member is installed on the profile body and constitutes at least a part of the profile cavity.
  • the profile member also constitutes the bottom edge of the profile.
  • the profile member also constitutes a contact surface in contact with the installation station in the profile installation state.
  • the length of the profile member is smaller than the length of the profile body.
  • the profile member has a connecting portion connected to the profile body, and the profile body has a bearing portion for carrying the workpiece to be installed.
  • the profile body also includes a cavity for supporting the bearing part. Further, a first cavity is formed on the profile body, and the profile member
  • a second cavity is formed, the second cavity is located below the first cavity.
  • bottom edge of the second cavity extends to one or both sides of the profile to form the bottom edge of the profile.
  • an installation hole is provided on the bottom edge of the profile, and the installation hole is a long hole.
  • connecting portion is partially embedded in the first cavity.
  • the connecting portion forms a support in the vertical direction of the first cavity. Further, the connecting portion forms a support in the horizontal direction of the first cavity. Further, the connecting portion forms an upwardly opening installation groove, and the first cavity is accommodated in the installation groove.
  • the installation groove communicates with the second cavity, and the width of the second cavity is greater than or equal to the width of the installation groove.
  • the number of the second cavity is N, N ⁇ 1.
  • N ⁇ 2 the N second cavities are arranged parallel to each other, or the N second cavities are arranged alternately.
  • a profile including a profile body, the profile body has a bearing portion for carrying the workpiece to be installed, and it is characterized in that: at least one profile member.
  • a first cavity is formed on the profile body, and a second cavity is formed on the profile member.
  • the bottom of the first cavity has an opening
  • the profile member has a connecting portion connected to the profile body, and the connecting portion is partially embedded in the first cavity.
  • the connecting portion forms an upwardly opening installation groove, and the first cavity is accommodated in the installation groove.
  • the height ratio of the first cavity to the second cavity is 1:0.4-2.7.
  • an elastic pad is provided between the profile member and the profile body. Further, the profile member is connected to the profile body by riveting, welding, fastener connection or adhesive bonding.
  • Another aspect of the present invention also provides a photovoltaic module frame, which is characterized in that: at least a part of the photovoltaic module frame is formed by using any of the aforementioned profiles.
  • the frame of the photovoltaic module is rectangular and has four sides.
  • the four sides include a pair of long sides and a pair of short sides, and at least one long side or one short side adopts any profile as mentioned above.
  • the profile member constitutes at least a part of the cavity of the profile, and the profile member also constitutes a contact surface that contacts the photovoltaic support when the frame of the photovoltaic module is installed.
  • the length of the profile member is shorter than the length of the long side or the short side. Further, the length of the profile member is adjusted according to the size of the photovoltaic module and the load requirements of the photovoltaic module in different installation scenarios. Further, the length of the profile member is 30-1400mm. Further, the length of the profile member is 150-400mm.
  • the profile body has a height of 15-35 mm, and the profile member has a height of 15-30 mm.
  • the height ratio of the first cavity to the second cavity is 1:0.4-2.7.
  • the profile component provided by the present invention constitutes at least a part of the cavity of the profile, and the profile component is independent of the profile body, making localized design of the profile possible, thereby providing feasibility for optimizing the configuration of mechanical properties on different parts of the profile.
  • the profile member constitutes at least a part of the profile cavity, and further constitutes a part of the profile height. Under the condition that the profile height and mechanical properties of the set position (such as the installation area of the photovoltaic module) remain unchanged, the height of the profile body can be reduced , through the height and section design of the profile member, the mechanical properties of the profile at the set position are not reduced or even improved, because the length of the profile member is much smaller than that of the profile body, so it can be saved while the overall performance of the profile remains unchanged or improved.
  • the height difference of the profile caused by the cooperation of the profile body and the profile member can provide good air convection and circulation, so that the installed workpiece has a better operating environment, improves its working efficiency, and prolongs its life. Effective working life.
  • the profile member simultaneously constitutes the contact surface that contacts the installation station under the profile installation state, and this contact surface is the part that bears the greatest force under the profile installation state. Therefore, the shape of the profile member, Thickness, material and other parameters that affect its mechanical strength are designed, so that the profile member has better strength, and the strength requirements of the profile body can be reduced, reducing the raw material cost and processing cost of the profile body. Since the length of the profile member can be much shorter than that of the profile body, the increased cost is much lower than the cost of thinning the profile body.
  • the profile member provided by the present invention makes it possible to localize the profile design, optimize the overall load performance configuration of the profile, configure higher load capacity on the part of the profile that is stressed, and place a smaller force on the profile Only lower load performance is required for the parts; finally, the raw material cost and processing cost of the profile are reduced.
  • the profile member of the invention can be flexibly arranged on the profile body to enhance its strength.
  • the contact surface with the installation station is formed on the profile member, which is more independent and flexible than the one-piece profile, and can be installed on any part of the profile body that needs to be strengthened
  • the profile formed by the combination of the profile member and the profile body can be configured with different load intensities in different parts of the profile, so that the part with a greater force has a stronger load performance, while the part with a smaller force has a relatively high load capacity. Weak load performance, realize the optimal configuration of profile load performance, and reduce the cost of raw materials and processing costs of profiles.
  • the frame or photovoltaic module frame formed by using the profiles provided by the present invention also has the above-mentioned advantages.
  • the design of the installation position and the specific installation method is more free.
  • the installation hole can be designed as a long hole.
  • the increased length of the installation hole increases the adjustment margin, thereby reducing the installation cost. Accuracy, improve installation efficiency.
  • part of the cavity is formed on the profile member. After matching with the corresponding profile body, the profile body can be raised as a whole. At the same time, the length of the profile member is smaller than the profile body, so that the corresponding profile, frame and photovoltaic module frame have better performance. Excellent convection, ventilation, and heat dissipation effects can improve the work efficiency of the corresponding workpiece and prolong its service life.
  • the profile member When applied to the photovoltaic module frame, the profile member can be installed on the profile body in advance, or it can be installed at the installation site of the photovoltaic module, without increasing the assembly process of the module manufacturer, and without increasing the production time cost of the module.
  • FIGS 1a-1e are schematic structural views of Embodiment 1 provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment 2 provided by the present invention.
  • Embodiment 3a-3c are schematic structural views of Embodiment 3 provided by the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4a-4c are schematic structural views of Embodiment 4 provided by the present invention.
  • Embodiment 5a-5d are schematic structural diagrams of Embodiment 5 provided by the present invention.
  • FIGS 6a and 6b are schematic structural views of Embodiment 6 provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 7 provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 9 of the invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a frame of a photovoltaic module in the prior art.
  • Fig. 10 is another schematic structural view of Embodiment 9 of the invention.
  • Profile member 100 connecting portion 101, second cavity 102, upper second cavity 102a, lower second cavity 102b, profile bottom edge 103, extension surface 104, mounting hole 105, first vertical support edge 106, second Vertical support edge 107, the third vertical support edge 108, horizontal edge 109, mounting groove 110, elastic pad 111;
  • Profile body 200 notch 201, first cavity 202;
  • profile 300 photovoltaic support 400; pressing block 500; laminate 600;
  • the photovoltaic module frame 700 has a long side 701 and a short side 702 .
  • the profile member 100 is installed on the profile body 200 to form the profile 300 .
  • This embodiment provides a profile member 100, which is installed on a profile body 200 to form a profile 300; the profile component constitutes at least a part of the cavity of the profile.
  • the profile member 100 also forms the bottom edge 103 of the profile.
  • the profile body 200 has a bearing part for carrying the workpiece to be installed.
  • the bearing part is a notch 201, and the workpiece to be installed is installed in the notch; in other specific embodiments, the bearing The portion can also be in other shapes, such as flat plate, not limited to the shape of the notch.
  • the profile body 200 may also include a cavity supporting the bearing part, which is named as the first cavity 202 here.
  • Figure 1a shows a profile member 100 with a specific structure.
  • the profile member 100 has a connecting portion 101 connected to the profile body 200, and a second cavity 102 is formed on the profile component, and the second cavity 102 is located at Below the first cavity 202 .
  • the first cavity 202 and the second cavity 102 jointly constitute the cavity of the profile; meanwhile, the second cavity 102 also constitutes the bottom edge 103 of the profile, and can further constitute a contact surface in contact with the installation station under the profile installation state, specifically Specifically, the bottom edge of the second cavity 102 further constitutes a contact surface with the installation station in the installed state of the profile, which will be described in detail below in conjunction with the combined state of the profile member 100 and the profile body 200 .
  • the bottom edge of the second cavity 102 can be formed in different shapes, and Fig. 1a shows the situation that there is an opening on the bottom edge of the second cavity 102, in this case, the installed fastener Embed in the second cavity 102, fasten the bottom edge of the second cavity 102 with the opening on the installation station; you can also use the pressing block in the prior art to further fix the profile and the workpiece to be installed on the installation station. at the work station.
  • Fig. 1 b shows another structure of the bottom of the second cavity 102.
  • the bottom of the second cavity 102 does not have an opening, and extends to the inside of the profile (notch side) to form a
  • the extension surface is marked here as the extension surface 104 , and the extension surface 104 and the bottom edge of the second cavity 102 together form the profile bottom edge 103 .
  • the bottom edge 103 of the profile is the contact surface with the installation station in the installed state of the profile.
  • an installation hole 105 may be provided on the extension surface 104 , and the installation hole 105 is a long hole.
  • the profile and the workpiece to be installed can be installed on the installation station through the installation hole and the fastener; the profile and the workpiece to be installed can be further fixed on the installation station by using the pressing block in the prior art.
  • the extension surface 104 and the bottom edge of the second cavity 102 together form the bottom edge of the profile member, and the bottom edge of the profile component is also the profile bottom edge 103, which is the profile
  • the contact surface in contact with the installation station in the installed state increases the contact area between the profile and the installation station, and this part is the part where the profile bears the greatest force. Therefore, this design can enhance the local mechanical properties of the profile and optimize the profile. payload configuration.
  • FIG. 1 c shows a profile body 200 used in conjunction with FIGS. 1 a and 1 b .
  • the profile body 200 has a notch 201 and a first cavity 202 .
  • the bottom wall of the first cavity 202 has an opening.
  • the connecting portion 101 of the profile component 100 is partially embedded in the first cavity 202 .
  • connection part 101 forms a support in the vertical direction of the first cavity 202; in order to obtain a better implementation effect, the connection part 101 also forms a support in the horizontal direction of the first cavity 202; specifically Specifically, in this embodiment, the connection part 101 is in the shape of an inverted "mountain", forming three vertical support sides in the vertical direction, which are respectively named as the first vertical support side 106, the second vertical support side 107 and the third vertical support side.
  • the supporting edge 108, the second vertical supporting edge 107 in the middle has a larger size in the width direction so as to play a better supporting effect, the first vertical supporting edge 106, the second vertical supporting edge 107 and the third vertical supporting edge
  • the tops of 108 are connected to form a horizontal edge 109; the horizontal edge 109 forms a horizontal support for the first cavity 202; and the three vertical support edges form a vertical support for the first cavity 202.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific shape of the connecting portion 101 as long as it can support the first cavity 202 in the vertical and horizontal directions. Those skilled in the art can adjust the settings by themselves according to the actual situation.
  • Fig. 1d and Fig. 1e respectively show the structural schematic diagrams of the combination of the profile member 100 with the two structures of Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b and the profile body 200 shown in Fig. 1c.
  • the profile member 100 is combined with the profile body 200 to form a corresponding profile.
  • the first cavity 202 and the second cavity 102 together constitute the cavity of the profile; at the same time, since the profile member 100 is located below the profile body 200, the profile body is padded and does not participate in forming the bottom edge of the profile.
  • the base of the second cavity 102 in the profile component forms the profile base 103 .
  • the bottom edge 103 of the profile can further constitute the contact surface with the installation station in the installed state of the profile, that is, the bottom edge of the second cavity 102 further constitutes the contact surface with the installation station in the installed state of the profile.
  • the height of the first cavity 202 is approximately equal to the height of the second cavity 102 ; the width of the profile body 200 and the profile component 100 are also approximately equal.
  • the height ratio between the first cavity and the second cavity can be adjusted, and is not limited to the above-mentioned specific dimensions.
  • the specific connection method between the profile member 100 and the profile body 200 may be: (1) the connecting part is partially embedded in the first cavity 202, and fitted to form a connection; (2) through the first vertical support edge And/or the third vertical support edge is bonded or connected with a fastener to the corresponding first cavity side wall; (3) The top edge of the second cavity is connected to the bottom edge of the first cavity, which can be bonding or fastener connections.
  • the above connection methods can be used in combination.
  • this embodiment provides a profile member 100, the difference from the profile member shown in Figure 1b is that there are two second cavities 102, which are named as the upper second cavity 102a and the lower second cavity 102a here.
  • the two second cavities are located below the first cavity and are not embedded in the first cavity.
  • Two second mold cavities are arranged horizontally, and the two second mold cavities arranged horizontally are parallel to each other.
  • the so-called “horizontally arranged” here means that the width dimension of the second cavity is larger than the height dimension.
  • the profile member 100 is combined with the profile body 200 to form a corresponding profile.
  • the bottom edge of the second lower cavity 102 b constitutes the bottom edge 103 of the profile.
  • the bottom edge of the profile is the contact surface with the installation station.
  • this embodiment provides a profile member 100, which is different from the profile member shown in Figure 1a in that: the profile member 100 is not embedded in the first cavity 202, and the profile component 100 passes through the second cavity 102 The top edge of the first cavity 202 is connected to the bottom edge of the first cavity 202, and the specific connection method may be bonding or fastener connection.
  • this embodiment provides a profile member 100, which differs from the profile member shown in Figure 1b in that: the profile member 100 is not embedded in the first cavity 202, and the profile component 100 passes through the second cavity 102 The top edge of the first cavity 202 is connected to the bottom edge of the first cavity 202, and the specific connection method may be bonding or fastener connection.
  • the profile body 200 only has a bearing part, which can be specifically a notch 201; the profile member 100 is arranged below the profile body, and the profile body The component 100 is connected to the bottom of the notch 201 through the top edge of the second cavity 102, and the specific connection method may be bonding or fastener connection.
  • the bottom of the first cavity 202 of the profile body 200 used in conjunction with this embodiment has no opening.
  • the profile member 100 is combined with the profile body 200 to form a corresponding profile 300 .
  • the bottom of the first cavity 202 may also be provided with an opening that penetrates or does not penetrate through the thickness, so as to save raw materials. Whether the bottom of the first cavity 202 is open, the depth and width of the opening and other parameters can be designed in consideration of the overall load performance requirements and cost of the profile.
  • the connecting portion 101 is in the shape of an upwardly opening groove, which is named as the installation groove 110 here, and the first cavity 202 of the profile body is embedded in the installation groove 110 .
  • the number of the second cavity 102 is two, and the two second cavities 102 are arranged vertically and parallel to each other.
  • the so-called “vertically arranged” here means that the dimension on the width of the second cavity is smaller than the dimension on its height.
  • the bottom edge of the second cavity 102 extends to the inside of the profile (notch side) to form an extension surface 104, and the bottom edge of the extension surface 104 and the second cavity 102 forms a profile bottom edge 103 together, and the profile bottom edge 103 can be used as The contact surface between the profile and the installation station in the installed state.
  • the first cavity of the profile body 200 used in conjunction with this embodiment has a smaller size in the width direction, which is smaller than the width of the bottom edge of the notch 201 .
  • the width of the profile member 100 is consistent with, or substantially equal to, the width of the bottom edge of the notch 201, as shown in FIG. 4c.
  • the profile member 100 is combined with the profile body 200 to form a corresponding profile.
  • the profile member 100 forms the installation groove 110 to accommodate the first cavity 202 in the installation groove, the installation groove and the profile component together have a reinforcing effect on the first cavity, which can increase its local mechanical strength.
  • the bottom of the first cavity can also be slotted, and the middle vertical support of the second cavity can also extend upwards to the first cavity.
  • the profile body and the profile member can be connected in various ways such as bonding, fastener connection, etc.
  • interference fit connection can also be used.
  • the profile member 100 provided by this embodiment differs from that of Embodiment 4 in that the installation groove 110 communicates with the second cavity 102, and the second cavity 102 is wider than the installation groove. 110 width.
  • the base of the second cavity 102 forms the profile base 103 .
  • an installation hole 105 can be provided on the bottom edge 103 of the profile, and the installation hole 105 is preferably a long hole, which can reduce installation accuracy and improve installation efficiency.
  • the width of the second cavity 102 is larger than that of the installation groove 110, so that the installation structure has a larger installation and operation space and is easy to operate. In some cases, if the installation groove 110 itself has a larger size, the width of the second cavity 102 does not need to be greater than the width of the installation groove 110 , but can be equal to or smaller than the width.
  • Fig. 5c shows a schematic structural view of the assembly of the profile member 100 and the profile body 200 in this embodiment.
  • the profile member 100 is combined with the profile body 200 to form a corresponding profile.
  • the installation groove since the profile member 100 forms the installation groove 110 to accommodate the first cavity 202 in the installation groove, the installation groove has the effect of enhancing the mechanical strength of the first cavity 202, which can increase the local mechanical properties of the profile and improve load strength.
  • Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
  • the profile member 100 of this embodiment forms two intersecting second cavities in the vertical direction, which are named as the upper second cavity 102a and the lower second cavity 102b.
  • the second cavity 102a is embedded in the first cavity 202, as shown in FIG. 1c with reference.
  • the first cavity 202 has no bottom edge and is open.
  • the profile member 100 is combined with the profile body 200 to form a corresponding profile.
  • Embodiment 7 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 7:
  • This embodiment is a further improvement of 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6, and an elastic pad is provided between the profile member 100 and the profile body 200 .
  • an elastic pad 111 is provided between the top of the profile member 100 and the first cavity 202; the elastic pad 111 has a buffering effect, can absorb shock, and improves the shape of the profile and the corresponding frame.
  • the load capacity especially the wind tunnel capacity.
  • the elastic pad 111 is arranged at any position between the profile member 100 and the first cavity 202 .
  • the elastic pad 111 can use any elastic material, such as rubber, spring and so on.
  • Embodiment 8 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 8
  • This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module frame, using any one or more profile members 100 and the corresponding profile body 200 in embodiments 1-7 to form a profile 300, using the profile to form at least a part of the photovoltaic module frame, such as a side or multiple sides, or form the entire photovoltaic module frame.
  • Figure 8 shows a specific structure of a photovoltaic module frame 700 (for clarity, the laminate 600 is removed), with a pair of long sides 701 and a pair of short sides 702, a pair of long sides 701 and a pair of short sides
  • the side 702 can adopt any one of the profile members 100 in the embodiments 1-7 and the profile 300 formed by the corresponding profile body 200, which can be selected and used according to the actual load requirements; the long side and the short side can use the same Profiles can also use different profiles; the profiles provided by the invention can also be used in conjunction with profiles in the prior art.
  • the height of the first cavity is 15-20mm, and the height of the second cavity is 15-25mm; a photovoltaic module frame with a height of 30-45mm is formed, which can be 30mm, 35mm, 38mm, 40mm , 45mm, etc.
  • the heights of the first cavity and the second cavity can be adjusted to obtain a photovoltaic module frame of the same height, which is not limited to the above dimensions.
  • Fig. 9 shows a photovoltaic module frame in the prior art
  • Fig. 10 shows a photovoltaic module frame 700 including a laminate 600
  • the profile of the photovoltaic module frame has an A surface, B1 surface, B2 surface, C surface, D surface, a notch for carrying the laminate 600 is formed between A surface and D surface, and a mold cavity is formed between B1 surface, B2 surface, C surface and D surface; C surface
  • the C1 surface is located at the bottom of the cavity, and the C1 surface extends inwardly to form the C2 surface.
  • the C surface is the contact surface with the photovoltaic support when the photovoltaic module is installed.
  • there are screw holes on the C2 surface which can be used to install the photovoltaic module on the photovoltaic support with fasteners. Installed on the photovoltaic support 400 .
  • the bottom edge 103 of the profile is in contact with the corresponding installation station (such as: photovoltaic bracket 400).
  • the corresponding installation station such as: photovoltaic bracket 400.
  • Mounting structures are formed on the contact surface, such as mounting holes, and fasteners can be used to fix the frame of the photovoltaic module on the photovoltaic support; on the bracket 400; of course, in some cases, the two installation methods can also be used at the same time.
  • the frame of the photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment can increase the overall height of the profile because of the second cavity, so that the installed photovoltaic module is a certain distance higher than the installation surface as a whole. It is especially suitable for modules installed on the top of buildings.
  • the photovoltaic modules in such installation locations will generally have a working temperature 10°C higher than that on the ground because they are close to the top of the building and have poor convection. The high temperature will reduce the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module.
  • the air convection space at the bottom of the photovoltaic module is increased, and the temperature of the module during operation can be reduced.
  • the installation structure of the present invention makes the installation plane of the photovoltaic module frame 5mm higher than the installation plane of the traditional photovoltaic module frame, the temperature of the running photovoltaic module installed on it can be reduced by more than 2°C.
  • reducing the photovoltaic modules by 2°C is equivalent to increasing the power generation power of the modules by 0.7%, which is equivalent to reducing the entire power generation cost by 0.7%.
  • Embodiments 1-7 which can effectively reduce the raw material cost and processing cost of the photovoltaic module frame, form different load performances at different parts of the photovoltaic module frame, and meet the use requirements of different occasions .
  • module In the description of the present invention, “module”, “photovoltaic module”, “solar module” and “solar photovoltaic module” have the same meaning; “module frame” and “photovoltaic module frame” also have the same meaning.
  • connection can also be a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种型材构件，所述型材构件安装于型材本体上，构成型材型腔的至少一部分。本发明还提供一种型材及光伏组件边框。本发明可增强型材、边框及组件边框的强度，降低其成本，简化安装，降低碳足迹，降低光伏组件的度电成本。

Description

型材构件、型材及光伏组件边框 技术领域
本发明涉及一种型材构件、型材及光伏组件边框。
背景技术
型材是具有一定强度和韧性的材料通过轧制、挤出、铸造等工艺制成的具有一定几何形状的物体。由于制造工艺的限制，一种型材的截面形状一般是固定的，其形状和厚度在长度方向的各个截面上是统一的。在选用型材时，一般根据实际的安装需求，选择形状、材质、力学性能等方面相匹配的型材。然而，在安装后的实际应用场景中，型材的不同位置，所承受的外力并不相同，这导致了在型材的部分位置容易发生变形甚至撕裂，为了避免这种变形或撕裂，现有技术中一般采用对型材整体进行加强的设计，如型材整体增厚，这在一定的程度上造成了资源的浪费。
型材可用于形成各种边框，安装于工件的外周，起到支撑、固定会和保护相应工件的作用。
作为一种具体的应用场景，太阳能光伏组件即是通过光伏组件边框将包含太阳能电池在内的层压件进行固定，其中，组件边框的作用是增强组件的机械强度、密封组件层压件边缘，以及，通过边框把组件固定在支架上。因此，组件边框的强度决定了太阳能光伏组件的整体强度。
现有的光伏组件边框，其主体部分一般采用铝合金材质的型材，通过挤压一体成型，由于前述原因，同一种类的边框型材具有统一的截面形状及厚度尺寸，组件边框的长边和短边有可能不同，但是长边与长边、短边与短边 是统一的，有些情形下，长边与短边也是统一的。这导致在组件边框设计时，边框强度需要按照受力最大处进行设计，使边框整体上满足受力最大处的强度要求，造成边框其他部分强度的冗余，最终造成成本浪费。
此外，光伏电站的某些安装位置，如安装在屋顶的组件，因为组件边框底部和屋顶之间的间隙很小，所以组件背面的对流差，会导致安装在屋顶的组件温度，比安装在地面的支架上的组件，温度要高10℃左右，光伏组件的发电能力随着温度升高而降低，每升高1℃会降低0.3％左右，所以，这样的屋顶组件，发电能力会下降3％左右，同时高温还会加速组件的老化，增加了组件的故障率。但是，如果单纯的增加边框型材的高度，也难以形成对流。又会增加整体成本和材料浪费。
发明内容
本发明针对上述技术问题的至少一项，提供一种型材构件，使型材的局部化设计成为可能，进而可优化型材整体的机械性能，降低型材的成本。
本发明的另一方面，还提供一种型材，可以节约型材的原料成本和加工成本，优化型材的机械性能。该型材包括型材构件和型材本体。
本发明的另一方面，还提供一种边框，可以节约边框的原料成本和加工成本，优化边框的机械性能。本发明的再一方面，还提供一种光伏组件边框，可以节约光伏组件边框的原料成本和加工成本，优化光伏组件边框的机械性能。
为实现上述目的中的至少一项，本发明采用了下列技术方案：一种型材构件，其特征在于：所述型材构件安装于型材本体上，构成型材型腔的至少一部分。
进一步地，所述型材构件还构成型材底边。
进一步地，所述型材构件还构成型材安装状态下与安装工位接触的接触 面。
进一步地，所述型材构件的长度小于型材本体的长度。
进一步地，所述型材构件具有与型材本体连接的连接部，所述型材本体具有用于承载待安装工件的承载部。
进一步地，所述型材本体还包括支撑所述承载部的型腔。进一步地，所述型材本体上形成第一型腔，所述型材构件上
形成第二型腔，第二型腔位于第一型腔的下方。
进一步地，所述第二型腔的底边向型材的一侧或两侧延伸形成所述型材底边。
进一步地，在所述型材底边上设置有安装孔，所述安装孔为长孔。
进一步地，所述连接部部分地嵌入所述第一型腔内。
进一步地，所述连接部在第一型腔的垂直方向上形成支撑。进一步地，所述连接部在第一型腔的水平方向上形成支撑。进一步地，所述连接部形成向上开口的安装槽，所述第一型腔容纳在该安装槽内。
进一步地，所述安装槽与第二型腔相连通，第二型腔的宽度大于等于所述安装槽的宽度。
进一步地，所述第二型腔的数量为N个，N≥1。
进一步地，N≥2，所述的N个第二型腔相互平行地设置，或者，所述的N个第二型腔交错地设置。
本发明的另一方面，还提供一种型材，包括型材本体，所述型材本体具有用于承载待安装工件的承载部，其特征在于：在所述型材本体上设置至少一个如前述任一的型材构件。
进一步地，所述型材本体上形成第一型腔，所述型材构件上形成第二型腔。
进一步地，所述第一型腔的底部具有开口，所述型材构件具有与型材本体连接的连接部，所述连接部部分地嵌入所述第一型腔内。
进一步地，所述连接部形成向上开口的安装槽，所述第一型腔容纳在该安装槽内。
进一步地，第一型腔与第二型腔的高度比为1:0.4-2.7。进一步地，在所述型材构件与型材本体之间设置有弹性垫。进一步地，所述型材构件通过铆接、焊接、紧固件连接或者粘合剂粘接连接在所述型材本体上。
本发明的另一方面，还提供一种光伏组件边框，其特征在于：采用如前述任一的型材形成光伏组件边框的至少一部分。
进一步地，所述光伏组件边框呈矩形，具有四条边，所述四条边包括一对长边和一对短边，至少一条长边或一条短边采用如前述任一的型材。
进一步地，所述型材构件构成型材型腔的至少一部分，所述型材构件还构成光伏组件边框安装状态下与光伏支架接触的接触面。
进一步地，所述型材构件的长度小于所述长边或短边的长度。进一步地，所述型材构件的长度依据光伏组件尺寸大小及光伏组件在不同的安装场景下的载荷要求来进行调整。进一步地，所述型材构件的长度为30-1400mm。进一步地，所述型材构件的长度为150-400mm。
进一步地，所述型材本体的高度为15-35mm，所述型材构件的高度为15-30mm。
进一步地，所述第一型腔与第二型腔的高度比为1:0.4-2.7。
本发明提供的型材构件，构成型材型腔的至少一部分，型材构件独立于型材本体，使型材的局部化设计成为可能，从而为优化型材不同部位上的机械性能的配置提供了可行性。型材构件构成型材型腔的至少一部分，并进而 构成型材高度的一部分，在设定位置(例如光伏组件的安装区域的位置)的型材高度及机械性能不变的情况下，可以降低型材本体的高度，通过型材构件的高度和截面设计，使得设定位置的型材机械性能不降低甚至提高，因为型材构件比型材本体在长度小很多，所以，可以在型材整体性能不变或者提高的情况下，节省原材原材料的用量，降低成本。在某些户外安装工件的场合，型材本体和型材构件的配合带来型材的高度差，可以提供良好的空气对流和循环，使安装的工件具有更好的运行环境，提高其工作效率，延长其有效的工作寿命。
在一些具体的实施方式中，该型材构件同时构成型材安装状态下与安装工位接触的接触面，该接触面为型材安装状态下受力最大的部位，因此，可以通过对型材构件的形状、厚度、材质等影响其机械强度的参数进行设计，使型材构件具有较好的强度，而型材本体的强度的要求可以降低，减少型材本体的原料成本和加工成本。由于型材构件在长度上比型材本体可以短很多，增加的成本远低于型材本体减薄的成本。通过本发明提供的型材构件，使型材的局部化设计成为可能，可优化型材整体的载荷性能配置，在型材上受力较大的部位配置较高的载荷性能，而在型材上受力较小的部位，只需要较低的载荷性能；最终降低型材的原料成本和加工成本。
本发明的型材构件，可灵活地设置在型材本体上，加强其强度。在型材构件上形成与安装工位接触的接触面，相对于一体成型的型材而言，更加独立、灵活，可以实现在型材本体需要加强的任意部分进行设置
通过本型材构件和型材本体的组合形成的型材，可以实现在型材的不同部位配置不同的载荷强度，使受力较大的部位具有较强的载荷性能，而受力较小的部位具有相对较弱的载荷性能，实现型材载荷性能的优化配置，降低型材的原料成本和加工成本。
使用本发明提供的型材形成的边框或光伏组件边框，同样地具有上述优 点。
综上，与现有的技术相比，本发明的优点至少体现在：
1、可以在同一型材上形成不同的机械性能，根据型材各部位实际受力情况进行优化配置，避免载荷冗余，节约了型材的原料成本和加工成本。
2、安装位以及具体安装方式的设计更加自由，在选择安装孔与紧固件的安装方式下，安装孔可以设计为长孔，增加的安装孔长度，增加了调节余量，从而降低的安装精度，提高安装效率。
3、部分型腔形成在型材构件上，与相应的型材本体配合后，可使型材本体整体上抬高，同时型材构件长度小于型材本体，从而使相应的型材、边框及光伏组件边框具有更好的对流和通风、散热效果，可提高相应工件的工作效率，延长其使用寿命。
4、在应用于光伏组件边框时，因为型材本体上不具有安装边，所以对于双面组件来说，可降低背面遮挡，从而提高双面率和发电率。经申请人测试，使用本发明提供的光伏组件边框，可提高双面光伏组件的双面率2％，提高发电0.2％。
5、在应用于光伏组件边框时，型材构件可以事先安装在型材本体上，也可以在光伏组件的安装现场进行安装，不增加组件生产厂家的装配工艺，不增加组件端的生产时间成本。
6.降低铝的用量，降低碳足迹。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现，部分还将通过对本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
附图说明
图1a-1e为本发明提供的实施例1的结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的实施例2的结构示意图；
图3a-3c为本发明提供的实施例3的结构示意图；
图4a-4c为本发明提供的实施例4的结构示意图；
图5a-5d为本发明提供的实施例5的结构示意图；
图6a、6b为本发明提供的实施例6的结构示意图；
图7为本发明提供的实施例7的结构示意图；
图8为发明实施例9的结构示意图；
图9为现有技术中一种光伏组件边框的示意图；
图10为发明实施例9的另一种结构示意图；
其中，
型材构件100，连接部101，第二型腔102，上第二型腔102a，下第二型腔102b，型材底边103，延伸面104，安装孔105，第一垂直支撑边106，第二垂直支撑边107，第三垂直支撑边108，水平边109，安装槽110，弹性垫111；
型材本体200，槽口201，第一型腔202；
型材300；光伏支架400；压块500；层压件600；
光伏组件边框700，长边701，短边702。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好的理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。
本发明中，型材构件100安装于型材本体200上，形成型材300。
实施例1：
本实施例提供一种型材构件100，所述型材构件100安装于型材本体200上，形成型材300；型材构件构成型材型腔的至少一部分。优选地，型材构 件100还构成型材底边103。
型材本体200具有用于承载待安装工件的承载部，在一些具体的实施方式中，该承载部为槽口201，待安装工件安装在该槽口内；在另一些具体的实施方式中，该承载部也可是其他形状，如平板状，不限于槽口的形状。型材本体200还可以包括支撑所述承载部的型腔，在此命名为第一型腔202。
图1a示出了一种具体结构的型材构件100，如图所示，型材构件100具有与型材本体200连接的连接部101，型材构件上还形成第二型腔102，第二型腔102位于第一型腔202的下方。第一型腔202和第二型腔102共同构成型材的型腔；同时，第二型腔102还构成型材底边103，进一步还可以构成型材安装状态下与安装工位接触的接触面，具体地，第二型腔102的底边进一步构成型材安装状态下与安装工位接触的接触面，这一点将在下文中结合本型材构件100与型材本体200的组合状态进行详细说明。
根据不同的机械强度要求，第二型腔102的底边可以形成不同的形状，图1a示出了第二型腔102的底边上具有开口的情形，在该情况下，安装的紧固件嵌入第二型腔102内，将具有开口的第二型腔102的底边紧固连接在安装工位上；还可以配合使用现有技术中的压块，进一步型材及待安装工件固定在安装工位上。
图1b示出了第二型腔102的底边的另一种结构，在该实施例方式中，第二型腔102的底边不具有开口，并向型材的内侧(槽口侧)延伸形成延伸面，在此标注为延伸面104，该延伸面104以及第二型腔102的底边共同构成型材底边103。该型材底边103为型材安装状态下与安装工位接触的接触面。结合参照如图1e所示，在该延伸面104上可以开设安装孔105，该安装孔105为长孔。可以通过该安装孔与紧固件配合，将型材及待安装工件安装在安装工位上；还可以配合使用现有技术中的压块，进一步将型材及待安装工件固定在安装工位上。
由于第二型腔102不开口且具有一个延伸面，该延伸面104以及第二型腔102的底边共同构成型材构件的底边，而该型材构件的底边也是型材底边103，为型材安装状态下与安装工位接触的接触面，增大了型材与安装工位的接触面积，而该部位是型材受力最大的部位，因此，该设计可以增强型材局部的机械性能，优化型材的载荷配置。
图1c示出了与图1a、图1b配合使用的型材本体200，如图所示，型材本体200具有槽口201以及第一型腔202。第一型腔202的底壁上具有开口。型材构件100的连接部101部分地嵌入第一型腔202内。为了获得更好的实施效果，连接部101在第一型腔202的垂直方向上形成支撑；为了获得更好的实施效果，连接部101在第一型腔202的水平方向上也形成支撑；具体地，在本实施例中，连接部101呈倒“山”字形，在垂直方向上形成三条垂直支撑边，在此分别命名为第一垂直支撑边106、第二垂直支撑边107和第三垂直支撑边108，位于中部的第二垂直支撑边107在宽度方向上具有较大的尺寸从而起到更好的支撑效果，第一垂直支撑边106、第二垂直支撑边107和第三垂直支撑边108的顶部相连形成水平边109；水平边109对第一型腔202形成水平方向上的支撑；三条垂直支撑边对第一型腔202形成垂直方向上的支撑。需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不限定连接部101的具体形状，只要其能够对第一型腔202实现垂直方向及水平方向的支撑即可。本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况自行调整设置。
图1d和图1e分别示出了图1a、图1b两种结构的型材构件100与图1c所示的型材本体200组合后的结构示意图。如图所示，型材构件100与型材本体200组合后形成相应的型材。如图所示，第一型腔202和第二型腔102共同构成型材的型腔；同时，由于型材构件100位于型材本体200的下方，型材本体被垫起，不参与构成型材的底边，型材构件中第二型腔102的底边构成型材底边103。
型材底边103还可以进一步构成型材安装状态下与安装工位接触的接触面，即：第二型腔102的底边进一步构成型材安装状态下与安装工位接触的接触面。
本实施例中，第一型腔202的高度与第二型腔102的高度大致相等；型材本体200与型材构件100的宽度也大致相等。当然，根据具体的使用场景，可以调整所述第一型腔与第二型腔的高度比，不限于上述具体尺寸所限。
本实施例中，型材构件100与型材本体200之间的具体连接方式可以是：(1)连接部部分地嵌入第一型腔202中，嵌合形成连接；(2)通过第一垂直支撑边和/或第三垂直支撑边与相应的第一型腔侧壁粘结或紧固件连接；(3)通过第二型腔的顶边与第一型腔的底边连接，可以是粘接或紧固件连接。上述连接方式可以组合使用。
实施例2：
如图2所示，本实施例提供一种型材构件100，与图1b所示型材构件的区别在于：第二型腔102的数量2个，在此命名为上第二型腔102a和下第二型腔102b，两个第二型腔均位于第一型腔的下方，不嵌入第一型腔内。两个第二型腔水平地设置，两个水平地设置的第二型腔之间相互平行。此处所谓的“水平地设置”，是指第二型腔宽度上的尺寸大于其高度上的尺寸型材构件100与型材本体200组合，形成相应的型材。本实施例中，下第二型腔102b的底边构成型材底边103。型材底边都是和安装工位的接触面。
实施例3：
如图3a所示，本实施例提供一种型材构件100，与图1a所示型材构件的区别在于：所述型材构件100不嵌入第一型腔202内，型材构件100通过第二型腔102的顶边连接在第一型腔202的底边上，具体的连接方式可以为 粘结或紧固件连接。
如图3b所示，本实施例提供一种型材构件100，与图1b所示型材构件的区别在于：所述型材构件100不嵌入第一型腔202内，型材构件100通过第二型腔102的顶边连接在第一型腔202的底边上，具体的连接方式可以为粘结或紧固件连接。
作为一种变形，型材本体上可以不具有腔体，由型材构件上的第二腔体来形成型材的腔体。如图3c示出了该种变形的一种具体实现方式，如图所示，型材本体200上仅具有承载部，该承载部可以具体为槽口201；型材本体的下方设置型材构件100，型材构件100通过第二型腔102的顶边连接在槽口201的底部，具体的连接方式可以为粘结或紧固件连接。
如图3a，3b，3c所示，与本实施例配合使用的型材本体200，其第一型腔202的底部不具有开口。
型材构件100与型材本体200组合，形成相应的型材300。
作为一种变形，第一型腔202的底部也可以开设厚度上贯穿或非贯穿的开口，以节约原料。第一型腔202的底部是否开口，开口的深度和宽度等参数，可综合考虑型材整体的载荷性能要求和成本等方面进行设计。
实施例4：
如图4a所示，本实施例提供的型材构件100，连接部101呈向上开口的槽状，在此命名为安装槽110，型材本体的第一型腔202嵌入该安装槽110内。第二型腔102的数量为2个，2个第二型腔102垂直地设置，且相互平行。此处所谓的“垂直地设置”，是指第二型腔宽度上的尺寸小于其高度上的尺寸。
第二型腔102的底边向型材的内侧(槽口侧)延伸形成延伸面104，该延伸面104以及第二型腔102的底边共同构成型材底边103，该型材底边103 可以作为安装状态下型材与安装工位接触的接触面。
如图4b所示，与本实施例配合使用的型材本体200，其第一型腔在宽度方向上具有较小的尺寸，小于槽口201底边的宽度。
本实施例型材构件100与型材本体200装配后，型材构件100在宽度上与槽口201底边的宽度一致，或大致相等，如图4c所示。
型材构件100与型材本体200组合，形成相应的型材。
本实施例中，由于型材构件100形成安装槽110将第一型腔202容纳进该安装槽中，安装槽和型材构件共同对第一型腔具有增强作用，可以增加其局部的机械强度。
第一型腔底部也可以开槽，第二型腔的中间竖向支撑也可以向上延伸到第一型腔。
型材本体和型材构件可以通过可以粘接、紧固件连接等各种方式连接，特殊的，也可以采用过盈配合连接。
实施例5：
如图5a、5b所示，本实施例提供的型材构件100，与实施例4的不同住处在于：安装槽110与第二型腔102相贯通，且第二型腔102在宽度上大于安装槽110的宽度。第二型腔102的底边构成型材底边103。结合参照如图5d所示，在该型材底边103上可以开设安装孔105，该安装孔105优选为长孔，可以减低安装的精度，提高安装效率。
第二型腔102在宽度上大于安装槽110的宽度，可以使本安装结构具有更大的安装操作空间，便于操作。在一些情形下，如安装槽110本身具有较大的尺寸，则第二型腔102的宽度不需要大于安装槽110的宽度，可以等于或者小于其宽度。
如图5b所示，与本实施例配合使用的型材本体200，在结构上与实施 例4类似。图5c示出了本实施例型材构件100与型材本体200装配后的结构示意图。型材构件100与型材本体200组合，形成相应的型材。
本实施例中，由于型材构件100形成安装槽110将第一型腔202容纳进该安装槽中，安装槽对第一型腔202具有增强机械强度的作用，可以增加型材局部的机械性能，提高载荷强度。
实施例6：
如图6a，6b所示，本实施例的型材构件100，在垂直方向形成两个相贯通的第二型腔，在此命名为上第二型腔102a和下第二型腔102b，上第二型腔102a嵌入第一型腔202内，结合参照如图1c所示。
与本实施例配合使用的型材本体200，其第一型腔202不具有底边，呈开放式。
型材构件100与型材本体200组合，形成相应的型材。
实施例7：
本实施例为1，2，4，5，6的进一步改进，在本型材构件100与型材本体200之间设置弹性垫。以实施例6为例进行说明，如图7所示，在型材构件100的顶部与第一型腔202之间设置弹性垫111；弹性垫111具有缓冲作用，可以吸收震动，提高型材及相应边框的载荷能力，特别是风洞能力。弹性垫111设置在型材构件100与第一型腔202之间的任意位置。弹性垫111可以采用任意的弹性材料，如橡胶、弹簧等。
实施例8：
本实施例提供一种光伏组件边框，使用实施例1-7任意一种或多种型材构件100及相应的型材本体200，形成型材300，使用该型材形成光伏组件 边框的至少一部分，如一条边或多条边，或者形成整个光伏组件边框。
图8示出了一种具体结构的光伏组件边框700(为了清楚显示，移除了层压件600)，具有一对长边701和一对短边702，一对长边701和一对短边702可分别采用实施例1-7中任意一种型材构件100及相应的型材本体200形成的型材300，可根据实际的载荷需求选择使用；长边和短边可以采用上述实施例中相同的型材，也可以采用不同的型材；也可以将本发明提供的型材与现有技术中的型材搭配使用。
本实施例中，第一型腔的高度为15-20mm，所述第二型腔的高度为15-25mm；形成高度为30-45mm的光伏组件边框，具体可以为30mm、35mm、38mm、40mm、45mm等。当然，在一些需要更薄尺寸的场合，可以调整第一型腔与第二型腔的高度，获得相高度尺寸的光伏组件边框，不限于上述尺寸。
图9示出了现有技术中的一种光伏组件边框，图10示出了一种包括层压件600的光伏组件边框700，如图所示，构件该光伏组件边框的型材具有A面、B1面、B2面、C面、D面，A面与D面之间形成用于承载层压件600的槽口，B1面、B2面、C面与D面之间形成型腔；C面中位于型腔底部的为C1面，C1面向内侧延伸形成C2面，C面为光伏组件安装时，与光伏支架接触的接触面。一般来说，在C2面开设有螺丝孔，可以用来配合紧固件将光伏组件安装在光伏支架上，更多的情况是在A面和B1面通过压块和紧固件，将光伏组件安装在光伏支架400上。
与前述现有技术中的光伏组件边框的安装方式类似，本实施例的光伏组件边框，安装时，型材底边103与相应的安装工位(如：光伏支架400)接触，在一些情形下，该接触面上形成安装结构，如安装孔，配合紧固件可将光伏组件边框固定在光伏支架上；在另一些情况下，也可以通过现有技术中的压块500将组件边框固定在光伏支架400上；当然，在一些情况下，也可 以两种安装方式同时使用。
本实施例提供的光伏组件边框，由于设置有第二型腔，可以增加型材整体的高度；使安装后的光伏组件整体上高出安装面一定的距离。尤其适用于安装于建筑物顶部的组件，此类安装位置的光伏组件，由于紧靠建筑物顶面，对流差，一般会比地面工作温度高10℃。而高温会使组件的光电转换效率降低。通过增加型材整体的高度，且第二型腔本身也为贯穿的空间，从而增大了光伏组件底部的空气对流空间，可使运行中的组件温度得以降低。根据申请人测试，本发明的安装结构如使光伏组件边框的安装平面较传统的光伏组件边框的安装平面高出5mm，可使安装于其上的运行中的光伏组件的温度降低2℃以上。按照光伏组件发电效率与运行温度的关系测算，使光伏组件降低2℃相当于提高组件发电功率0.7％，即相当于整个发电成本降低0.7％。
本实施例的原理和其余有益效果体现在实施例1-7中，可有效地降低光伏组件边框的原料成本和加工成本，在光伏组件边框的不同部位形成不同载荷性能，满足不同场合的使用需求。
在本发明的描述中，“组件”、“光伏组件”、“太阳能组件”“太阳能光伏组件”具有相同的含义；“组件边框”、“光伏组件边框”亦具有相同的含义。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“垂直”、“水平”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”、“侧边”、“宽度”、“高度”等指示的方位、方向或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗 示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”“某某上设置有”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。

Claims (32)

  1. 一种型材构件，其特征在于：所述型材构件安装于型材本体上，构成型材型腔的至少一部分。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述型材构件还构成型材底边。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述型材构件还构成型材安装状态下与安装工位接触的接触面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述型材构件的长度≤型材本体的长度。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述型材构件具有与型材本体连接的连接部，所述型材本体具有用于承载待安装工件的承载部。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述型材本体还包括型腔。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述型材本体上形成第一型腔，所述型材构件上形成第二型腔，第二型腔位于第一型腔的下方。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述第二型腔的底边向型材的一侧或两侧延伸形成所述型材底边。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的型材构件，其特征在于：在所述型材底边上设置有安装孔，所述安装孔为长孔。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述连接部部分地嵌入所述第一型腔内。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述连接部在第一型腔的垂直方向上形成支撑。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述连接部在第一型腔的水平方向上形成支撑。
  13. 根据权利要求7所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述连接部形成向上开口的安装槽，所述第一型腔容纳在该安装槽内。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述安装槽与第二型腔相连通，第二型腔的宽度大于等于所述安装槽的宽度。
  15. 根据权利要求7所述的型材构件，其特征在于：所述第二型腔的数量为N个，N≥1。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的型材构件，其特征在于：N≥2，所述的N个第二型腔相互平行地设置；或者，所述的N个第二型腔交错地设置。
  17. 一种型材，包括型材本体，所述型材本体具有用于承载待安装工件的承载部，其特征在于：在所述型材本体上设置至少一个如权利要求1-16任一所述的型材构件。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的型材，其特征在于：所述型材本体上形成第一型腔，所述型材构件上形成第二型腔。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的型材，其特征在于：所述第一型腔的底部具有开口，所述型材构件具有与型材本体连接的连接部，所述连接部部分地嵌入所述第一型腔内。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的型材，其特征在于：所述连接部形成向上开口的安装槽，所述第一型腔容纳在该安装槽内。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的型材，其特征在于：第一型腔与第二型腔的高度比为1:0.4-2.7。
  22. 根据权利要求17所述的型材，其特征在于：在所述型材构件与型材本体之间设置有弹性垫。
  23. 根据权利要求17所述的型材，其特征在于：所述型材构件通过铆 接、焊接、紧固件连接或者粘合剂粘接连接在所述型材本体上。
  24. 一种光伏组件边框，其特征在于：采用权利要求17-23任一所述的型材形成光伏组件边框的至少一部分。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的光伏组件边框，其特征在于：所述光伏组件边框呈矩形，具有四条边，所述四条边包括一对长边和一对短边，至少一条长边或一条短边采用如权利要求17-23任一所述的型材。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的光伏组件边框，其特征在于：所述型材构件构成型材型腔的至少一部分，所述型材构件还构成光伏组件边框安装状态下与光伏支架接触的接触面。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的光伏组件边框，其特征在于：所述型材构件的长度小于所述长边或短边的长度。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的光伏组件边框，其特征在于：所述型材构件的长度依据光伏组件尺寸大小及光伏组件在不同的安装场景下的载荷要求来进行调整。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的光伏组件边框，其特征在于：所述型材构件的长度为30-1400mm。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的光伏组件边框，其特征在于：所述型材构件的长度为150-400mm。
  31. 根据权利要求24所述的光伏组件边框，其特征在于：所述型材本体的高度为15-35mm，所述型材构件的高度为15-30mm。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的光伏组件边框，其特征在于：所述第一型腔与第二型腔的高度比为1:0.4-2.7。
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