WO2023051568A1 - 电池热失控烟气处理装置、处理方法、电池组及电池包 - Google Patents

电池热失控烟气处理装置、处理方法、电池组及电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023051568A1
WO2023051568A1 PCT/CN2022/121982 CN2022121982W WO2023051568A1 WO 2023051568 A1 WO2023051568 A1 WO 2023051568A1 CN 2022121982 W CN2022121982 W CN 2022121982W WO 2023051568 A1 WO2023051568 A1 WO 2023051568A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
smoke
thermal runaway
battery
ignition
flue gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/121982
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张三学
韩晓宇
雷政军
Original Assignee
陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202111154438.1A external-priority patent/CN113921984A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202123379020.9U external-priority patent/CN217109583U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202220980645.6U external-priority patent/CN217589070U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210446267.8A external-priority patent/CN114865115A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210446413.7A external-priority patent/CN114843631A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210446244.7A external-priority patent/CN114914624A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210618523.7A external-priority patent/CN115000595A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202221665315.4U external-priority patent/CN218498245U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202221665312.0U external-priority patent/CN218498146U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202222329729.6U external-priority patent/CN218523576U/zh
Priority to AU2022355963A priority Critical patent/AU2022355963A1/en
Application filed by 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司 filed Critical 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司
Publication of WO2023051568A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023051568A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/52—Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the field of batteries, and in particular relates to a battery thermal runaway fume treatment device, a treatment method, a battery pack and a battery pack.
  • Chinese patent application CN205964755U discloses an automatic fire extinguishing device for battery boxes, on which sensors, automatic controllers, fire extinguishing agent containers, transmission pipes and pressure relief valves are automatically controlled by sensors when the temperature in the battery box reaches the limit value.
  • the device controls the fire extinguisher in the fire extinguishing agent container to enter the battery box through the transmission pipe, extinguishes the open fire in the battery box, and extinguishes the dark fire of the battery core at the same time; although the above device can prevent the explosion of the battery box, the device It is impossible to process the thermal runaway flue gas, and there are certain potential safety hazards.
  • Cigar patent application CN209730109U discloses a battery heat flow active extraction device, which includes a battery casing for wrapping the internal battery cells and an air pumping mechanism for sucking heat flow.
  • the inside of the battery casing is sealed and the inner wall is provided with high temperature resistant mica
  • the baffle, the battery casing is connected with an exhaust pipe, one end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the inside of the battery casing, and the other end is connected to the air extraction mechanism, and the exhaust pipe is provided with a filter mechanism, a cooling mechanism and a first explosion-proof mechanism from front to back. valve, and a second explosion-proof valve is arranged on the battery case.
  • the above-mentioned device adopts the method of actively pumping air to process the thermal runaway battery, and filters and cools the heat flow through the filtering mechanism and cooling mechanism to effectively control the temperature and quality of the exhaust gas.
  • this device cannot completely treat the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the exhausted thermal runaway flue gas still pollutes the environment to a certain extent.
  • Chinese patent application CN108417757A discloses a safe lithium battery and its preparation method.
  • the lithium battery includes a battery cell and a safety explosion-proof device.
  • the safety explosion-proof device is a material bag, and a gas adsorption body is arranged inside the material bag.
  • the gas adsorbent is activated carbon, molecular sieve or a mixture of activated carbon and molecular sieve, which can directly adsorb the high-temperature substances ejected from the battery.
  • adsorbing substances such as activated carbon and molecular sieves are used for adsorption, the higher the temperature of the adsorbed substances, the worse the adsorption effect.
  • the adsorption temperature of activated carbon for gas substances is below 50°C, and the temperature of the gas emitted when the battery is thermally out of control is generally higher than 300°C, at this temperature activated carbon will lose its ability to adsorb gaseous substances, but instead has a desorption function for the adsorbed substances.
  • the adsorbent at this temperature can absorb the gasified electrolyte, it cannot absorb combustible gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane generated when the battery is thermally runaway. These combustible gases still have the risk of explosion.
  • the existing technology mainly deals with the thermal runaway smoke from three aspects. First, prevent thermal runaway from the perspective of fire extinguishing inside the battery; second, collect the thermal runaway smoke centrally, or use inert The gas isolates the thermal runaway smoke from the air/oxygen; third, the combustible gas generated by the thermal runaway in the battery box is discharged outside the battery box.
  • the above methods are not thorough enough to treat the thermal runaway smoke, and cannot fundamentally solve the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the thermal runaway smoke is still prone to explosion or secondary combustion, and there are certain safety hazards.
  • the thermal runaway smoke emitted Air also pollutes the environment.
  • the present application provides a battery thermal runaway fume treatment device, treatment method, battery pack, and battery pack.
  • This application mainly ignites and burns the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery, and treats the combustible components in the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the burned gas cannot be ignited again, fundamentally achieving the purpose of safety, and at the same time Environmental pollution is avoided.
  • a battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device including a smoke ignition device, the smoke ignition device is set at the smoke outlet end of the lithium battery or PACK box, used to discharge the thermal runaway smoke from the lithium battery or PACK box thermal runaway The gas ignites.
  • the smoke ignition device includes a pulse igniter.
  • a trigger device is also included, and the trigger device triggers the smoke ignition device to ignite through the lithium battery or the thermal runaway smoke pressure discharged from the smoke outlet port of the PACK box.
  • both the smoke ignition device and the trigger device are arranged in the combustion cavity outside the smoke outlet end of the lithium battery or the PACK box, the trigger device is arranged opposite to the smoke outlet end, and the smoke ignition device is arranged on Above the trigger device, the combustion cavity is the inner cavity of the combustion box, and the combustion box is fixedly connected with the lithium battery or the PACK box.
  • the trigger device includes a pressure plug, and the pressure plug is arranged at the smoke outlet end of the lithium battery or the PACK box.
  • the triggering device includes a longitudinal slide bar and a trigger block, both of which are placed in the inner chamber of the combustion box, and the longitudinal slide bar is fixedly connected with a lithium battery or a PACK box; the trigger The block is sleeved on the outside of the longitudinal slide bar and is slidably connected with the longitudinal slide bar; the trigger block is set opposite to the smoke outlet end of the lithium battery or the PACK box, and the smoke ignition device is set above the trigger block.
  • the lower end surface of the trigger block is a concave arc-shaped surface, and the arc-shaped surface is set opposite to the smoke outlet end of the lithium battery or the PACK box.
  • the trigger block is made of fire-proof material, and the The bottom of the trigger block is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped groove is arranged opposite to the smoke outlet end of the lithium battery or the PACK box.
  • the triggering device further includes a limit block and an elastic reset member, the limit block is fixedly connected to the top of the longitudinal slide bar, the limit block is connected with the trigger block through the elastic reset member, and the limit block It is fixedly connected with the smoke ignition device through the mounting bracket.
  • a push switch is provided on the bottom of the smoke ignition device, and the push switch is arranged opposite to the trigger block, and a top block is arranged on the top of the trigger block, and the top block is arranged opposite to the push switch.
  • the combustion box and the longitudinal slide bar are fixedly connected to the lithium battery or the PACK box through the flame retardant heat insulation board, and the fire retardant heat insulation board is provided with communication holes, the The combustion box communicates with the flue gas outlet end through the communication hole on the flame-retardant heat insulation board, and a pressure relief assembly is arranged at the flue gas outlet end, and the pressure relief assembly penetrates the flame-retardant heat insulation board and extends to the combustion chamber. In the cavity; the top opening of the combustion box.
  • the smoke ignition device includes an exhaust tube, several exhaust nozzles, a pressure valve, an ignition switch and an ignition device; several exhaust nozzles are respectively fixedly connected with the exhaust cylinder to form an exhaust channel for thermal runaway smoke
  • the pressure valve and the ignition switch are arranged in the exhaust passage, the pressure valve includes a piston, and the pressure valve seals the exhaust passage at normal pressure, so that the exhaust passage remains closed;
  • the piston in the pressure valve is moved by the air pressure, the exhaust channel is opened, and the pressure valve presses the ignition switch to turn on the ignition device; when the battery generates thermal runaway smoke, as the air pressure gradually increases Large, the pistons in several pressure valves are pushed sequentially, the ignition switches are turned on sequentially, the ignition device is activated, and the thermal runaway smoke is ignited.
  • an anti-backfire valve is also provided in the exhaust cylinder, and a sealing gasket is provided in the pressure valve.
  • the exhaust tube and the exhaust nozzle are respectively fixed on the fixed tube to form a gas passage, so that the thermal runaway smoke passes through the exhaust tube, the fixed tube, and the exhaust nozzle in sequence.
  • the pressure valve is fixedly arranged in the connection between the fixed cylinder and the exhaust nozzle, the pressure valve is provided with a protrusion, the ignition switch is arranged in the exhaust nozzle, when the piston of the pressure valve The movement occurs, the protrusion presses against the ignition switch, and the ignition device is turned on.
  • the ignition device is a pulse igniter.
  • the smoke ignition device includes a first exhaust pipe, a second exhaust pipe, an ignition device and a magnetic switch; the number of the second exhaust pipe, magnetic switch and ignition device is N, and N is greater than or equal to An integer of 1; the inlets of the N second exhaust pipes are all connected to the outlets of the first exhaust pipe; N ignition devices are arranged at the outlets of the second exhaust pipes for igniting the heat exhausted by the second exhaust pipes Runaway smoke: N magnetic switches are arranged on the N second exhaust pipes one by one, and are used to send electrical signals to the ignition device when the thermal runaway smoke passes through the second exhaust pipe, so that the ignition device turns on and ignites the Thermal runaway fumes.
  • the magnetic switch is one of a mechanical magnetic switch, a gravity magnetic switch, and a magnetic magnetic switch, and the magnetic switch is a normally closed switch.
  • the exhaust nozzles are tapered pipe structures, the large ends of the N exhaust nozzles are connected to the outlets of the N second exhaust pipes one by one, and the N ignition devices One corresponds to the outlets of the small ends of the N exhaust nozzles.
  • the first exhaust pipe is provided with an anti-backfire valve for preventing backflow of smoke from thermal runaway
  • the anti-backfire valve is a one-way valve
  • the ignition device is a pulse igniter
  • the pulse The ignition head of the igniter is arranged on the second exhaust pipe through the bracket
  • the battery or AC interface of the pulse igniter is arranged in the power supply box
  • the signal line of the pulse igniter is connected to the power supply box through a waterproof joint.
  • the smoke ignition device includes a combustion chamber, an ignition device and a trigger device, the ignition device is arranged in the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is used to store the thermal runaway smoke generated when the battery undergoes thermal runaway.
  • the triggering device is connected with the ignition device, and the triggering device triggers the ignition device to ignite the thermal runaway smoke according to the pressure and/or temperature of the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the trigger device is a pressure switch and/or a temperature control switch or an electric connector pressure gauge.
  • the combustion chamber is connected to the electrolyte chamber of the battery through the thermal runaway smoke exhaust pipe; an explosion relief device is arranged in the cavity of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust pipe, when When the trigger device is a pressure switch and/or a temperature control switch, the pressure switch and/or temperature control switch are arranged between the explosion relief device and the combustion chamber, and the pressure switch and the temperature control switch are connected in parallel or in series; when When the trigger device is an electric joint pressure gauge, the electric joint pressure gauge is arranged between the electrolyte chamber and the combustion chamber of the battery, and the trigger pressure of the electric joint pressure gauge is lower than the explosion relief pressure of the explosion relief device.
  • the ignition device includes an igniter and a power supply, the igniter is placed inside the combustion chamber, and the power supply is arranged inside or outside the combustion chamber; the power supply is electrically connected to the igniter and the trigger device, and the trigger The device is electrically connected to the igniter.
  • an anti-backfire device arranged between the thermal runaway smoke exhaust pipe and the combustion chamber and a windshield arranged on the top of the combustion chamber, an air inlet is arranged on the wall of the combustion chamber, and the inlet
  • the gas port is used to supplement the combustion chamber with supporting gas
  • the chamber wall of the combustion chamber is provided with an air outlet hole, and the air outlet hole is used to discharge the remaining gas after combustion.
  • the smoke ignition device includes an igniter, a trigger device and a smoke pipe;
  • the trigger device includes a control circuit board and a sensor, the sensor is arranged on the smoke pipe or the battery case, and its output terminal is connected to the control
  • the circuit board connection is used to output a signal to the control circuit board when the battery is thermally out of control, and the control circuit board outputs an ignition current according to the signal;
  • the igniter is an arc igniter or a resistance wire igniter, and the igniter is set On the flue gas duct, the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the flue gas duct can be ignited under the ignition current output by the control circuit board.
  • the resistance wire igniter includes an igniter housing and a resistance wire; an ignition cavity communicated with the flue gas pipeline is arranged in the igniter housing, the resistance wire is arranged in the ignition cavity, and the two resistance wires The terminal is connected to the control circuit board outside the igniter housing.
  • the arc igniter includes an igniter housing, a first electrode wire and a second electrode wire; an ignition cavity communicating with a flue gas pipe is arranged inside the igniter housing, and one end of the first electrode wire One end of the first electrode wire and the second electrode wire are arranged in the ignition cavity, and an ionization gap is arranged between the two, and the other ends of the first electrode wire and the second electrode wire are arranged outside the igniter housing and connected with the control circuit board.
  • the arc igniter and the resistance wire igniter also include a ceramic pressure ring and a ceramic pressure ring, an annular groove is arranged in the ceramic pressure ring, and the resistance wire, the first electrode wire or the second electrode wire It is set in the annular groove and pressed by the ceramic pressure ring.
  • an oscillating circuit is provided on the control circuit board for converting direct current into alternating current
  • a boost coil is provided between the arc igniter and the control circuit board for converting the alternating current output by the control circuit board to The boosted voltage is delivered to the first wire electrode and the second wire electrode.
  • the triggering device includes at least one of a pressure sensor, a gas sensor or a temperature sensor.
  • the cooling adsorption unit includes N tanks connected in series, and the N tanks are filled with cooling materials and/or adsorption materials for cooling and/or Adsorption, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the smoke ignition device is arranged at the outlet end of the Nth tank, and is used to ignite the thermal runaway smoke after cooling and/or adsorption.
  • the N tanks are linearly arranged in a row, or linearly arranged in a U shape, or linearly arranged in a V shape, or linearly arranged in an L shape, and each tank is provided with X perforated plates , two adjacent porous plates form a cooling adsorption cavity with the inner wall of the tank, and the cooling material and/or adsorption material is filled in part of the cooling adsorption cavity or all of the cooling adsorption cavity, X is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the adjacent porous plates The plates are connected axially by connecting rods.
  • the adjacent tanks are connected in series through elbows or hoses, and a buffer return cavity is formed in the elbows through which the battery thermal runaway smoke passes, and an anti-tempering unit is fixedly installed on the Nth tank,
  • the smoke ignition device includes a pulse igniter; the smoke ignition device also includes an air inlet for introducing air to prevent thermal runaway The mixture of smoke and gas ignites.
  • the smoke ignition device includes an ignition device, a trigger device and an ignition switch, and the ignition device is arranged in the exhaust At the outlet of the trachea; a pressure relief valve is arranged on the partition, so that the thermal runaway smoke enters the second chamber from the first compartment through the pressure relief valve; the trigger device and the ignition switch are arranged on the gas storage compartment, and the The trigger device passes through the partition and can be pushed by air pressure, and the ignition switch is arranged in the second compartment and can be triggered and started by the trigger device; when the gas pressure in the first compartment reaches the first threshold When P 1 , the thermal runaway smoke enters the second chamber through the pressure relief valve, and reaches the outlet through the exhaust pipe; when the gas
  • a gasket is provided on the partition to keep the first chamber and the second chamber airtight, and a check flow valve is provided at the outlet of the exhaust pipe to control the flow of smoke from thermal runaway.
  • the ignition device is a pulse igniter.
  • the exhaust pipe is provided with at least two exhaust nozzles
  • the ignition device includes at least two ignition heads
  • a support seat is provided outside the gas storage compartment for installing the ignition device.
  • the gas storage compartment includes an air inlet and an exhaust port to input and discharge thermal runaway smoke;
  • the smoke ignition device is fixedly arranged at the exhaust port outside the gas storage compartment ;
  • the gas storage compartment is divided into an independent first compartment and a second compartment by a movable partition, the air inlet is arranged in the first compartment, and the exhaust port is arranged on the second compartment;
  • the second compartment A switch assembly is also provided in the second cabin, and the switch assembly includes an ignition switch; when the air pressure in the first cabin increases, the movable partition is pushed by the air pressure in the first cabin, presses the ignition switch, and activates the ignition device.
  • the exhaust port is at least partially exposed to the first chamber, so as to discharge the thermal runaway smoke.
  • first compartment and/or the second compartment is provided with an elastic component, and the elastic component is held between the first compartment and/or the second compartment and the movable partition, and the movable A gasket is arranged on the partition to keep the first chamber and the second chamber airtight, and the exhaust port is arranged as a pipe, and a check flow valve is fixed on the pipe to control thermal runaway Smoke flow rate, the ignition device is a pulse igniter.
  • the air storage chamber is a cylinder
  • the movable partition includes a base and a protrusion
  • the protrusion can be inserted into the air inlet to keep the air inlet airtight under normal pressure, so
  • the base moves along the axial direction of the cylinder and has a gap with the cylinder to allow the thermal runaway smoke to pass through;
  • the base is also provided with the switch assembly, when the thermal runaway smoke As the air passes through the air inlet, the protrusion is pushed up due to the increase in pressure, and at the same time, the switch assembly is pressed, so as to activate the ignition device and ignite the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the smoke ignition device includes an exhaust pipe, a trigger device and an ignition device, and the trigger device is arranged on the exhaust pipe for starting ignition when the smoke from thermal runaway passes through the exhaust pipe device, the ignition device is arranged at the outlet end of the exhaust pipe, and is used to ignite the thermal runaway smoke in the exhaust pipe; the alarm component is used to send an alarm signal when the ignition device is activated.
  • the alarm component is arranged on the smoke ignition device, including an audio alarm device and/or a light alarm device, the audio alarm device is a buzzer, the light alarm device is a flashing light, and the flashing light is Red flashing light or yellow flashing light.
  • the exhaust pipe includes a first exhaust pipe and a second exhaust pipe; the second exhaust pipe, the trigger device and the ignition device are all N; the inlets of the N second exhaust pipes are all connected to the The outlet of the first exhaust pipe is connected; N ignition devices are arranged at the outlet of the second exhaust pipe; N trigger devices are arranged on the N second exhaust pipes one by one, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1 , the exhaust pipe or the second exhaust pipe is provided with a top cover, the top cover is hinged with the exhaust pipe or the second exhaust pipe, and can be opened when the smoke from thermal runaway passes through, or the exhaust pipe A sealing plug is arranged on the pipe or the second exhaust pipe, and the sealing plug is arranged at the outlet of the exhaust pipe or the second exhaust pipe, and can be pushed out when the thermal runaway smoke passes through.
  • the present application also provides a battery pack, including an explosion venting mechanism, a confluence pipe, an ignition device and at least one single battery; the explosion venting mechanism is fixed on the single battery so as to release Thermal runaway smoke; the manifold is fixedly connected to the explosion relief mechanism to transmit the thermal runaway smoke; the ignition device is fixedly connected to the manifold to dissipate the thermal runaway transported by the manifold The smoke is ignited, and the ignition device is any one of the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment devices described above.
  • the buffer device also includes a buffer device, the buffer device is arranged before the ignition device, the buffer device is provided with a pressure relief valve, and the confluence pipe is also fixedly provided with an anti-backfire device, and the buffer device is The elastic bag or the pressure container, the ignition device also includes an air inlet, which is used to let in air to mix and ignite with the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the present application also provides a battery pack, including a box body, an explosion venting mechanism, a manifold, an ignition device, and several lithium-ion batteries placed in the box;
  • the explosion venting mechanism is fixed on the box body, To release the thermal runaway smoke generated when the lithium-ion battery is thermally runaway;
  • the manifold is fixedly connected to the explosion relief mechanism to transmit the thermal runaway smoke;
  • the ignition device is fixedly connected to the manifold, To ignite the thermal runaway fume transported by the manifold, the ignition device is any one of the battery thermal runaway fume treatment devices described above.
  • an anti-backfire device is fixedly installed on the confluence pipe, and the lithium-ion battery also includes a buffer device, which is arranged before the ignition device; a pressure relief valve is also arranged on the buffer device.
  • the ignition device is a pulse igniter; the ignition device also includes an air inlet, which is used to let in air for mixing with thermal runaway smoke for ignition.
  • the present application also provides a method for treating smoke from thermal runaway of batteries, which includes the following steps: the smoke generated from thermal runaway of batteries is ignited before being discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery is ignited through any of the above-mentioned battery thermal runaway smoke treatment devices before being discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery is ignited before being discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the trigger device is pushed towards the smoke ignition device under the action of the exhaust gas pressure of the lithium battery or the PACK box until the trigger device triggers the smoke.
  • the gas ignition device ignites the smoke.
  • the trigger block is pushed towards the smoke ignition device until the button on the trigger block
  • the top block triggers the push switch on the smoke ignition device to turn on, so that the smoke ignition device ignites the smoke; when the pressure of the smoke discharged from the smoke outlet becomes smaller, the trigger block returns to the initial state under the action of the elastic reset member.
  • This application installs a flue gas ignition device at the flue gas outlet end of the lithium battery or PACK box, and burns the flue gas discharged from the lithium battery or PACK box through the flue gas ignition device, and burns the combustible gas in the thermal runaway flue gas. exhausted, and then discharged into the atmosphere, effectively avoiding the possibility of explosion or secondary combustion, and at the same time, preventing the environmental pollution caused by thermal runaway smoke.
  • the flue gas ignition device is arranged outside the flue gas outlet of the lithium battery or the PACK box, so as to facilitate the ignition of the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the lithium battery or the PACK box, and realize the orderly treatment of the thermal runaway smoke, thereby
  • the content of combustible components in the thermal runaway flue gas is controlled to prevent explosions;
  • the flue gas ignition device is installed in the combustion chamber, and the flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet is collected through the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber can collect the flue gas intensively After lighting.
  • the trigger device is arranged opposite to the smoke outlet end.
  • the trigger device approaches the smoke ignition device under the push of the smoke gas pressure discharged from the smoke outlet end, triggers the switch of the smoke ignition device, and prompts the smoke ignition device to treat the combustible gas in the smoke.
  • the components are burned, and the gas after combustion is discharged into the atmosphere, which avoids the pollution of the combustible gas to the atmosphere; at the same time, it also avoids the accumulation of combustible gas in the lithium battery or PACK box, causing explosions, fires and other dangerous events.
  • the trigger device of this application includes a pressure plug.
  • the pressure plug pops up from the smoke outlet end under the instantaneous pressure of the smoke, and approaches the smoke ignition device, thereby triggering the smoke ignition device to ignite the smoke.
  • the pressure plug only needs to be used It can be opened when the flue gas pressure reaches the limit pressure value, and the operation is easy to control.
  • the trigger device of this application includes a longitudinal slide bar and a trigger block.
  • the smoke pressure discharged from the smoke outlet pushes the trigger block to slide along the axial direction of the longitudinal slide bar, approaching the switch of the smoke ignition device, and triggering the smoke
  • the switch of the ignition device makes the smoke ignition device ignite the smoke.
  • the trigger device also includes a limit block and an elastic reset piece.
  • the elastic return piece is fixedly connected to the top of the longitudinal slide bar, and the limit piece can prevent the trigger block from breaking away from the longitudinal slide bar when the air pressure is too large; the limit block passes through the elastic return piece.
  • the elastic reset member Connected with the trigger block, the elastic reset member can return to its original state after the trigger block triggers the switch of the smoke ignition device.
  • the lower end surface of the trigger block of this application is a concave arc surface, which increases the force-bearing area of the trigger block; an arc-shaped groove is arranged at the bottom of the trigger block, and the arc-shaped groove is directly opposite to the smoke outlet end Setting; the air pressure can be gathered through the arc groove, which enhances the pushing effect of the air pressure.
  • the limit block of this application is fixedly connected with the flue gas ignition device through the installation frame, and the position of the flue gas ignition device is fixed through the installation frame to prevent the flue gas ignition device from shaking when the trigger block triggers the switch of the flue gas ignition device. Trigger effect; the installation frame is fixedly connected with the smoke ignition device through a clamp, and the fixed connection between the installation frame and the smoke ignition device can be facilitated through the clamp.
  • a top block is provided on the top of the trigger block, and the top block is set opposite to the push switch.
  • the top block can trigger the work better and trigger the switch of the smoke ignition device more conveniently.
  • Both the combustion box and the longitudinal slide bar of this application are fixedly connected to the lithium battery or PACK box through the flame-retardant heat insulation board, and the lithium battery or the PACK box is connected to the trigger device of the smoke ignition device through the flame-retardant heat insulation board for fire prevention and discharge.
  • Thermal isolation prevents the heat generated by combustion from affecting the lithium battery or the normal working energy storage battery in the PACK box.
  • This application installs a thermal runaway smoke treatment device on the battery to release the smoke generated when the battery is thermally runaway through the exhaust tube and several exhaust nozzles, and installs it in the gas channel formed by the exhaust cylinder and exhaust nozzles.
  • a number of pressure valves and ignition switches when the air pressure of the thermal runaway smoke reaches the threshold, they pass through the exhaust nozzle in turn and the pressure valve presses the ignition switch to turn on the ignition device sequentially to ignite the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the structure of the device is simple and compact, and the device is used to treat the smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery, which is safe, environmentally friendly, economical and practical, and has high efficiency.
  • the device treats the flue gas caused by thermal runaway of the battery, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, safety and environmental protection, and high efficiency.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this application can ignite the flue gas generated by thermal runaway, avoiding the pollution of the atmosphere caused by the discharged thermal runaway smoke; at the same time, it also avoids the accumulation of thermal runaway smoke in the battery, causing explosions, fires, etc. Dangerous events have greatly improved battery safety.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device activates the ignition device through a magnetic switch, and the magnetic switch outputs a signal through a permanent magnet and an inductor, and then triggers the ignition device.
  • the magnetic switch has high sensitivity, as long as the thermal runaway smoke passes through the second exhaust pipe
  • the induction and triggering can be realized at the same time without high induction pressure, and the ignition device can be triggered at the initial or initial stage of the thermal runaway smoke passing through, and the ignition device can ignite the initial or initial thermal runaway smoke to avoid The initial or initial thermal runaway smoke leaks through the second exhaust pipe, causing environmental pollution or safety accidents, which improves the safety of the battery to a certain extent.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this application includes a combustion chamber, an ignition device and a trigger device.
  • the pressure and/or temperature trigger the ignition device to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas, and burn the thermal runaway flue gas in the combustion chamber through the ignition device to reduce the concentration of combustible components in the thermal runaway flue gas or make the combustible components in the thermal runaway flue gas
  • concentration is zero to ensure that the burned gas will not cause secondary combustion, fundamentally achieve the purpose of fire resistance, and also avoid the accumulation of thermal runaway smoke inside the battery, prevent the battery from exploding, and ensure the safety of the battery.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this application also includes a thermal runaway flue gas discharge pipe, and an explosion relief device is arranged in the thermal runaway flue gas discharge pipe.
  • an explosion relief device is arranged in the thermal runaway flue gas discharge pipe.
  • the igniter of the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in this application is an arc igniter or a resistance wire igniter, and the arc igniter or resistance wire igniter is a continuous ignition device to avoid wind or rain in the external environment from affecting the ignition The performance of the device, thereby avoiding the risk of not being able to ignite the thermal runaway smoke in time.
  • the temperature and flow rate of the flue gas can be reduced by the battery thermal runaway flue gas passing through the cooling adsorption chamber, and the purification effect is improved.
  • the service life of the ignition device at the rear end is increased after the battery thermal runaway smoke is cooled and adsorbed at the front end.
  • the N tanks can be arranged according to the requirements of the installation space, and can be arranged in a row, U-shape, V-shape or L-shape and other forms to meet Various installation requirements, and save space, N tanks can be assembled through elbows, making it easy to install and disassemble, suitable for most existing single cells and assembled batteries, and no need to change the structure of the existing batteries , lower processing cost and wider application range.
  • the collection unit can collect the combustible components in the flue gas. After the gas volume reaches the threshold, it is ignited at the outlet. If the threshold is not reached, the flue gas ignition device will not be activated. , adding a collection unit as a line of defense before the smoke ignition device, improving safety.
  • the air storage compartment and the partition are arranged, and the partition separates the air storage compartment into the airtight first compartment and the second compartment, and the exhaust port and the ignition device are arranged in the second compartment.
  • the movable trigger device on the partition presses the ignition switch to start the ignition device, and the gas in the first cabin is ignited after being discharged through the pressure relief valve on the partition board.
  • the device is used to process the flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery, which is safe and environmentally friendly, economical and practical, high in efficiency, simple in structure, convenient in assembly, and low in cost.
  • the thermal runaway smoke generated when the battery is thermally runaway is released into the gas storage compartment, and the movable partition is driven by the air pressure in the first compartment, and then Touch the ignition switch in the second compartment, expose the exhaust port to the first compartment, and the thermal runaway smoke reaching a certain concentration will be ignited after being discharged through the exhaust port.
  • the flue gas produced is safe and environmentally friendly, economical and practical, and high in efficiency.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this application includes a flue gas ignition device and an alarm component; the device can ignite the flue gas generated by thermal runaway, and prevent the discharged thermal runaway flue gas from polluting the atmosphere; at the same time, it also avoids the thermal runaway flue gas Accumulated in the battery, dangerous events such as explosion and fire occur, which greatly improves the safety of the battery.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device is equipped with an alarm component, which can send an alarm signal when the ignition device is started, and generate a warning effect, so that the staff can promptly deal with the thermal runaway battery. Accurate positioning of the location of the thermal runaway battery enables the staff to conduct accurate and timely processing.
  • the battery pack and battery pack of this application are equipped with an explosion venting mechanism and a manifold on the battery to release the thermal runaway smoke generated when the battery is thermally out of control and discharge it through the manifold, and then install an ignition device to burn the thermal runaway smoke
  • the treatment method solves the risk of fire caused by the thermal runaway smoke generated when the battery is thermally runaway. Compared with the existing technology, the structure is simple, safe and environmentally friendly, and the efficiency is high.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the trigger device and the lithium battery or the PACK box in Example 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of the trigger device in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram II of the trigger device in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 8 of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is the second structural schematic diagram of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 8 of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram 3 of a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 8 of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the battery case in Embodiment 9 of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a battery case in Example 9 of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 10 of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of a magnetic switch in Embodiment 10 of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a second structural diagram of the magnetic switch in Embodiment 10 of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the flue gas ignition device in Example 12 of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of the flue gas ignition device in Example 13 of the present application.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the flue gas ignition device in Example 14 of the present application.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the flue gas ignition device in Example 15 of the present application.
  • Fig. 18 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 16 of the present application.
  • Figure 19 is a sectional view of the arc igniter in Example 16 of the present application.
  • Fig. 20 is a top view of the arc igniter in Embodiment 16 of the present application.
  • Fig. 21 is the second structural diagram of the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 16 of the present application.
  • Figure 22 is a sectional view of the resistance wire igniter in Example 16 of the present application.
  • Figure 23 is a top view of the resistance wire igniter in Embodiment 16 of the present application.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic structural view of the flue gas pipeline in Example 16 of the present application.
  • Fig. 25 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of the battery pack in Embodiment 16 of the present application.
  • FIG. 26 is a second structural schematic diagram of the battery pack in Embodiment 16 of the present application.
  • Fig. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 17 of the present application.
  • Fig. 28 is the second structural schematic diagram of the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 17 of the present application.
  • Fig. 29 is the third structural diagram of the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 17 of the present application.
  • Fig. 30 is a schematic view 4 of the structure of the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 17 of the present application;
  • Fig. 31 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 18 of the present application.
  • Fig. 32 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 18 of the present application.
  • Figure 33 is a schematic structural view of the battery case in Example 19 of the present application.
  • Figure 34 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 20 of the present application.
  • Fig. 35 is the second structural schematic diagram of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 20 of the present application.
  • Fig. 36 is a schematic structural view of the battery case in Example 21 of the present application.
  • Fig. 37 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 22 of the present application.
  • Fig. 38 is the second structural diagram of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 22 of the present application.
  • Fig. 39 is the third structural diagram of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 22 of the present application.
  • Fig. 40 is a schematic structural view of the battery case in Example 22 of the present application.
  • Fig. 41 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 23 of the present application.
  • Fig. 42 is the second structural schematic diagram of the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 23 of the present application.
  • Fig. 43 is a schematic structural diagram III of a battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 23 of the present application.
  • Example 44 is a schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery pack in Example 24 of the present application.
  • Fig. 45 is a schematic diagram of a pulse igniter for a lithium-ion battery pack in Example 24 of the present application.
  • Example 46 is a schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery pack in Example 25 of the present application.
  • Figure 47 is a schematic diagram of a lithium-ion battery pack in Example 26 of the present application.
  • Figure 48 is a schematic diagram of the battery pack in Example 27 of the present application.
  • Figure 49 is a schematic diagram of the battery pack in Example 28 of the present application.
  • FIG. 50 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack in Embodiment 29 of the present application.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device includes a smoke ignition device.
  • This application does not require the structure of the smoke ignition device. As long as it can ignite the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery, so that the burned gas cannot be ignited again, the smoke ignition device with various structures provided by the application will be described in detail and exemplified below.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device provided in this embodiment is set at the smoke outlet end of the lithium battery or PACK box 11, which includes a smoke ignition device 15, and the smoke ignition device 15 turns the lithium The smoke discharged from the thermal runaway of the battery or PACK box 11 is ignited.
  • the lithium battery is a single battery
  • the PACK box is a large-capacity battery formed by connecting multiple lithium batteries in series and parallel.
  • the smoke ignition device 15 in this embodiment may be a piezoelectric igniter or a pulse igniter.
  • the smoke ignition device 15 is a pulse igniter.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device in this embodiment also includes a trigger device, which triggers the smoke ignition device 15 to ignite through the pressure of the smoke discharged from the smoke outlet of the lithium battery or the PACK box 11 .
  • Both the smoke ignition device 15 and the trigger device are arranged in the combustion chamber outside the smoke outlet of the lithium battery or PACK box 11, the trigger device is arranged opposite to the smoke outlet, and the smoke ignition device 15 is arranged above the trigger device.
  • the combustion cavity in this embodiment is the inner cavity of the combustion box 13, the inner cavity of the combustion bag or the inner cavity formed by other containers.
  • the combustion cavity is the inner cavity of the combustion box 13, and the combustion box 13 is fixedly connected to the top end surface of the lithium battery or the PACK box 11.
  • the combustion box 13 is made of metal material or high temperature resistant plastic material.
  • a pressure relief assembly is provided at the outlet end of the flue gas, and the pressure relief assembly penetrates the flame-retardant heat insulation board 131 and extends into the combustion cavity of the combustion box 13 .
  • the pressure relief component may be a pressure relief valve 12 or a rupture disk.
  • the pressure relief component in this embodiment is a pressure relief valve 12 .
  • the combustion box 13 is a cylindrical structure with openings at the top and bottom, which may be a cylindrical structure, a cylindrical cylindrical structure, a tapered cylindrical structure or a cylindrical structure of other shapes.
  • the combustion box 13 of this embodiment has a cylindrical structure, and the opening at the top can discharge the burnt gas in time, so as to prevent the danger of explosion due to excessive pressure caused by gas accumulation in the combustion box 13 .
  • the trigger device in the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this embodiment is a pressure plug, which is pressed against the flue gas outlet end of the lithium battery or PACK box 11, and the lithium battery or PACK box 11 The inner cavity is sealed.
  • the pressure plug When the smoke is discharged from the inner cavity of the lithium battery or the PACK box 11, the pressure plug will be pushed out by the air pressure of the smoke. The pushed out pressure plug is used to trigger the smoke ignition device 15 to ignite the smoke .
  • the trigger device in the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device of this embodiment includes a longitudinal slide bar 14 and a trigger block 16, both of which are Placed in the combustion chamber of the combustion box 13, the bottom end of the longitudinal slide bar 14 is fixedly connected to the top end face of the lithium battery or PACK box 11; the trigger block 16 is sleeved on the outside of the longitudinal slide bar 14, and 14 is slidingly connected; the trigger block 16 is provided with a through hole 163 that penetrates up and down, and the longitudinal slide bar 14 is sleeved on the outside of the longitudinal slide bar 14 through the through hole 163, and is slidably connected with the longitudinal slide bar 14, that is, the trigger block 16 It can slide along the axial direction of the longitudinal slide bar 14 ; the trigger block 16 is set opposite to the smoke outlet end, and the smoke ignition device 15 is set above the trigger block 16 .
  • the bottom of the smoke ignition device 15 in this embodiment is provided with a push switch 151 , and the push switch 151 is set opposite to the trigger block 16 , and the push switch is triggered by the trigger block 16 to ignite the smoke gas ignition device 15 .
  • the smoke ignition device 15 of this embodiment is a pulse igniter.
  • the trigger device in this embodiment also includes a limiting block 17 and an elastic reset member.
  • the limiting block 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the longitudinal slide bar 14, and the bottom end surface of the limiting block 17 is fixedly connected to one end of the elastic restoring member.
  • the other end of the reset member is fixedly connected with the trigger block 16, and the limit block 17 is fixedly connected with the smoke ignition device.
  • the elastic reset member is a return spring 19 or an elastic pad, and the elastic pad can be made of rubber or plastic.
  • the elastic return member in this embodiment is a return spring 19 .
  • the bottom end surface of the push switch 151 in this embodiment is located below the bottom end surface of the limit block 17, which can facilitate the contact between the trigger block 16 and the push switch 151 and improve the trigger efficiency.
  • the trigger block 16 of this embodiment is made of flame-retardant material (fire-proof material).
  • the trigger block 16 of this embodiment is a hollow structure inside, which can reduce the weight of the trigger block 16 and make the trigger block 16 easier to be pushed.
  • the lower end surface 161 of the trigger block 16 in this embodiment is a concave arc-shaped surface at the center, and the arc-shaped surface is arranged opposite to the smoke outlet end.
  • an arc-shaped groove 162 with a rectangular cross-section is provided on the bottom of the trigger block 16, and the arc-shaped groove 162 is arranged opposite to the smoke outlet end.
  • the trigger block 16 of this embodiment is made of a fireproof material, which is used to prevent the flame from flowing back into the lithium battery or the PACK box 11 .
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device of this embodiment is fixedly installed with a mounting frame 18 on the limit block 17, and on the mounting frame 18 corresponding to the smoke ignition device 15 Both ends are provided with clamps 181, and the smoke ignition device 15 is fixed by the clamps 181 to prevent the smoke ignition device 15 from shaking when the push switch 151 of the smoke ignition device 15 is triggered.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device of this embodiment is integrally fixed with a top block 164 on the top of the trigger block 16, and the top block 164 is opposite to the push switch 151 set up.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device also includes a flame-retardant heat insulation plate 131, which is fixedly connected to the top end surface of the lithium battery or PACK box 11, and the combustion box 13 and the longitudinal slide bar 14 pass through the resistance.
  • the combustion heat insulation board 131 is fixedly connected with the lithium battery or the PACK box 11, the bottom end surface of the combustion box 13 is fixedly connected with the top end surface of the flame retardant heat insulation board 131, and the top end surface of the longitudinal slide bar 14 is connected with the top end surface of the flame retardant heat insulation board 131.
  • the end faces are fixedly connected, and a communication hole is provided on the flame-retardant heat insulation board 131, and the combustion box 13 communicates with the flue gas outlet through the communication hole on the flame-retardant heat insulation board 131; through the flame-retardant heat insulation board 131, the lithium battery or PACK Fireproof and heat-proof isolation is carried out between the box 11 and the smoke ignition device and trigger device; a pressure relief assembly is installed at the outlet of the smoke gas, and the pressure relief assembly penetrates the flame-retardant heat shield 131 and extends to the combustion chamber of the combustion box 13 Middle; The top opening of combustion box 13.
  • the flame-retardant and heat-insulating board 131 of this embodiment is a rubber-plastic board, a foam fire-proof board or a fire-proof rock wool board.
  • This embodiment provides a method for treating smoke from thermal runaway of batteries, which includes the following steps: the smoke generated from thermal runaway of batteries is ignited before being discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the method of the present application can well prevent combustible gas from accumulating in the lithium battery or PACK box 11, resulting in explosion and fire risks in the lithium battery or PACK box 11; at the same time, the combustible gas in the flue gas in the combustion box 13 is completely burned And then discharged into the atmosphere to prevent pollution to the atmosphere.
  • This embodiment provides a method for treating smoke from thermal runaway of batteries, which includes the following steps: the smoke generated from thermal runaway of batteries is ignited before being discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the treatment method for the battery thermal runaway smoke is to push the trigger device to approach the smoke ignition device 15 under the action of the smoke pressure discharged from the lithium battery or PACK box 11 until the trigger device triggers the smoke ignition device 15 to release the smoke
  • the flue gas after combustion is discharged into the atmosphere. It specifically includes the following steps: when a large amount of combustible gas is accumulated in the lithium battery or PACK box 11, and the gas pressure reaches the limit, the lithium battery or PACK box 11 will discharge smoke, and the pressure plug will be pushed out under the instantaneous pressure of the exhaust gas.
  • the smoke outlet end and make the pressure plug close to the push switch 151 on the smoke ignition device 15 until the pressure plug hits the push switch 151, and the push switch 151 is opened, so that the smoke ignition device 15 ignites the smoke; After being ignited, the burnt gas is discharged from the top of the combustion box 13 .
  • the smoke ignition device 15 When a large amount of combustible gas is accumulated in the lithium battery or PACK box 11, and the gas pressure reaches the limit, the pressure relief valve 12 or the explosion-venting membrane at the outlet end of the smoke gas is opened, and the smoke gas flows along the smoke The gas is discharged from the outlet end, and the trigger block 16 is pushed towards the smoke ignition device 15 by the instantaneous pressure of the exhaust gas at the smoke outlet end until the top block 164 on the trigger block 16 collides with the push switch 151 on the smoke ignition device 15 , and trigger the action of the push switch 151, so that the smoke ignition device 15 ignites the smoke, and the burnt gas is discharged from the top of the combustion box 13 after the smoke is ignited; 2) when the instantaneous pressure of the smoke is released, the smoke outlet When the pressure of the flue gas discharged from the end becomes smaller, the trigger block 16 returns to the original state under the action of the elastic reset member.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device includes an exhaust tube 241, a number of exhaust nozzles 242, an ignition switch 243, an ignition device 244 and a pressure valve 245, and the exhaust nozzles 242 are respectively It is fixedly connected with the exhaust cylinder 241 to form an exhaust channel for thermal runaway smoke; the pressure valve 245 and the ignition switch 243 are arranged in the exhaust channel, and the pressure valve 245 seals the exhaust channel at normal pressure to keep the exhaust channel closed.
  • the piston in the pressure valve 245 is pushed by the air pressure to move, the exhaust passage opens, and the pressure valve 245 presses the ignition switch 243 to turn on the ignition device 244; when the battery generates thermal runaway smoke, as the air pressure gradually increases, Large, the pistons in several pressure valves 245 are pushed in turn, the ignition switches 243 are turned on in turn, the ignition device 244 is started, and the thermal runaway smoke is ignited.
  • An anti-backfire valve 246 is also arranged in the exhaust cylinder 241 .
  • the pressure valve 245 is provided with a gasket 2451 .
  • the exhaust cylinder 241 and the exhaust nozzle 242 are respectively fixedly arranged on the fixed cylinder 247 to form a gas channel so that the thermal runaway smoke passes through the exhaust cylinder 241 , the fixed cylinder 247 and the exhaust nozzle 242 in sequence.
  • the pressure valve 245 of this embodiment is fixedly arranged in the connection between the fixed cylinder 247 and the exhaust nozzle 242, the pressure valve 245 is provided with a protrusion 2452, and the ignition switch 243 is arranged in the exhaust nozzle 242, when the piston of the pressure valve 245 Moving, the protrusion 2452 presses the ignition switch 243, and the ignition device 244 is turned on.
  • the ignition device 244 is a pulse igniter, and the ignition device 244 is fixedly installed on the exhaust pipe 241 by the support base 249 .
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device also includes an installation part 248 for installation on the battery case.
  • this embodiment provides a battery casing 21 including the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device 24 in Embodiment 8.
  • the battery casing 21 is connected to the installation part 248 of the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device 24 through the explosion vent 211.
  • the manifold is connected to the thermal runaway smoke treatment device through the installation part 248 .
  • thermal runaway occurs in any single cell of the battery pack, the smoke generated by the thermal runaway is discharged to the thermal runaway smoke treatment device through the manifold for treatment.
  • the device has a simple structure, safety, small size, environmental protection and high efficiency.
  • This embodiment also provides a battery box and a battery, including the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device 24 in Embodiment 8.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device includes a first exhaust pipe 31, a second exhaust pipe 32, an ignition device 33, an exhaust nozzle 35 and a magnetic switch 34;
  • Two exhaust pipes 32, exhaust nozzles 35, magnetic switch 34 and ignition device 33 are all at least one;
  • the entrance of the second exhaust pipe 32 is all connected with the outlet of the first exhaust pipe 31;
  • the ignition device 33 is arranged on the second At the outlet of the exhaust pipe 32, it is used to ignite the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the second exhaust pipe 32;
  • a plurality of magnetic switches 34 are arranged on the second exhaust pipe 32 one by one, and are used to pass through the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the second exhaust pipe 32 sends an electrical signal to the ignition device 33 so that the ignition device 33 is turned on to ignite the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the magnetic switch 34 is a mechanical magnetic switch, a gravity magnetic switch or a magnetic magnetic switch.
  • the magnetic switch 34 can be a normally closed switch, which can seal the first exhaust pipe 31 and prevent external water vapor or impurities from entering the first exhaust pipe 31 .
  • Above-mentioned exhaust nozzle 35 can specifically be tapered tube structure, and the big end of exhaust nozzle 35 is connected to the outlet end of a plurality of second exhaust pipes 32 one by one, and a plurality of ignition devices 33 is arranged on exhaust nozzle one by one.
  • the outlet of the small end of 35 that is, the large end of the conical exhaust nozzle is connected to the second exhaust pipe 32, and the ignition device 33 is arranged on the small end of the conical exhaust nozzle 35, and the exhaust nozzle 35 of this structure can discharge All the thermal runaway fumes can be ignited by the ignition device 33, so that the combustion of the thermal runaway fumes is more complete, and part of the thermal runaway fumes are prevented from leaking through the outlet edge of the second exhaust pipe 32.
  • an anti-backfire valve 36 can also be provided on the first exhaust pipe 31 to prevent the backflow of the thermal runaway smoke in the first exhaust pipe 311 and the second exhaust pipe 32.
  • the anti-backfire valve 36 specifically It is a one-way valve with simple structure and easy installation.
  • the number of the second exhaust pipe 32, the magnetic switch 34 and the ignition device 33 is at least one, and when the second exhaust pipe 32 is one, it can be connected with the first exhaust pipe. 31 share a pipe, that is, the second exhaust pipe 32 and the first exhaust pipe 31 are one pipe.
  • the quantity of the second exhaust pipe 32 and the ignition device 33 can be set according to the quantity and demand of the battery, can be set to 2, 3 or 4, etc., and can be set to 2 or more to ensure ignition Reliability, when a certain ignition device 33 fails or breaks down, other ignition devices 33 can work normally.
  • the structure of the ignition device 33 can be various, for example, a pulse igniter can be used specifically, and the power supply mode of the pulse igniter can be a dry battery or an alternating current according to the site environment.
  • the structure of the magnetic switch 34 can also be various, as long as the ignition device 33 can be activated when the thermal runaway smoke passes through, for example, it can be a mechanical magnetic switch, a gravity magnetic switch or a magnetic magnetic switch.
  • the ignition head 331 of the ignition device 33 can be arranged on the second exhaust pipe 32 through the bracket 37.
  • the smoke ignition head 331 of this device should be separated from More than 20 centimeters of magnetic switch 34 upper ends, avoid to burn magnetic switch 34 because of burning metal flue gas to ignite tube heat transfer.
  • the dry battery or AC interface of the pulse igniter is arranged in the power supply box 38 , and the signal line 332 of the pulse igniter is connected with the power supply box 38 through the waterproof joint 39 .
  • the pulse igniter is powered by its own dry battery, which can last for more than 3 hours.
  • the principle of the magnetic switch 34 is to push the magnetic spool 342 in the switch through the air flow or water flow, so that the permanent magnet on the magnetic spool 342 is close to the sensor 341 on the black switch outside the switch to output a signal.
  • the inside of the switch When there is no gas or water flow, the inside of the switch The two permanent magnets are reset and closed by repulsion, the spring switch is reset and closed by the elastic force of the spring, the gravity type is reset by the centripetal force of gravity, but the gravity switch needs to be installed vertically, and the signal line 332 of the sensor 341 passes through the power supply
  • the box 38 is connected with the control circuit of the pulse igniter in the power supply box 38, and then controls the ignition head 331 of the ignition device 33 to ignite.
  • the device of this embodiment adopts the combination of magnetic switch and pulse ignition to deal with the ignition of the flue gas after the thermal runaway of the battery. It can then be combusted completely producing harmless products.
  • the device can ignite the smoke generated by thermal runaway, avoiding the pollution of the atmosphere caused by the thermal runaway smoke, and at the same time avoiding the accumulation of the thermal runaway smoke in the lithium battery, causing explosions, fires and other dangerous events, which greatly improves the safety of the battery.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this application activates the ignition device 33 through the magnetic switch 34, and the magnetic switch 34 outputs a signal through the magnetic valve core 342 and the inductor 341, and then triggers the ignition device 33.
  • the magnetic switch 34 is opposite to the pressure switch. The sensitivity is high, as long as the thermal runaway smoke passes through the second exhaust pipe 32, the sensing and triggering can be realized. Compared with the pressure switch, this switch does not need a higher induction pressure, that is, it can be used at the initial or initial stage of the thermal runaway smoke After sensing, the ignition device 33 can be triggered immediately, so that the safety of the device is higher.
  • the ignition device 33 ignites the initial or initial thermal runaway smoke to prevent the initial or initial thermal runaway smoke from passing through the second exhaust gas.
  • the outlet of the tube 32 leaks, causing environmental pollution or safety accidents, which improves the safety of the battery to a certain extent.
  • the device of the present application has a simple structure and is easy to install, and can be assembled by using existing devices.
  • This embodiment also provides a battery pack, including the above-mentioned battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device, at least one battery and a manifold, the inlet of the first exhaust pipe 31 passes through the explosion vents or explosion vent pipes of multiple battery casings
  • the manifold is connected, that is, one end of the manifold is connected to the explosion vents of multiple battery cases, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the first exhaust pipe 31 .
  • a cooling device can be connected to the explosion vent or the explosion vent pipe of the battery case. The cooling device is filled with cooling materials, and the thermal runaway smoke is cooled and adsorbed before passing through for ignition.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device includes a combustion chamber 42, an ignition device and a trigger device, the ignition device is placed in the combustion chamber 42, and the trigger device is electrically connected to the ignition device, wherein , the combustion chamber 42 is connected with the electrolyte chamber inside the battery, the combustion chamber 42 is used to store the thermal runaway smoke generated when the battery is thermally runaway, the trigger device is the pressure switch 49 and/or the temperature control switch 412, or the electrical connector pressure surface.
  • the trigger device is used to trigger the ignition device to ignite according to the pressure and/or temperature of the thermal runaway smoke, ignite the thermal runaway smoke, reduce the combustible components in the thermal runaway smoke, preferably, burn the combustible components in the thermal runaway smoke To prevent the possibility of secondary ignition of the exhausted gas after combustion, and achieve the purpose of complete flame retardancy.
  • the combustion chamber 42 of this embodiment is arranged on the side of the battery close to the explosion vent.
  • the thermal runaway flue gas in the combustion chamber 42 is combusted, it is necessary to continuously supplement the combustion chamber 42 with supporting gas. Simultaneously, the remaining gas after burning in the combustion chamber 42 needs to be discharged in time.
  • the battery thermal runaway fume treatment device also includes a thermal runaway fume discharge pipe 41, the combustion chamber 42 is connected to the electrolyte chamber of the battery through the thermal runaway fume discharge pipe 41; the lumen of the thermal runaway fume discharge pipe 41 is provided with a vent Explosion device 410.
  • the ignition device of this embodiment includes an igniter and a power supply 44, the igniter is placed inside the combustion chamber 42, and the power supply 44 is arranged inside or outside the combustion chamber 42; the power supply 44 is electrically connected with the igniter and the trigger device, and the trigger device and the igniter electrical connection.
  • the igniter and power supply 44 can withstand temperatures greater than 200°C.
  • the ignition device is a pulse igniter 43 .
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device also includes an anti-backfire device 48 arranged between the thermal runaway smoke exhaust pipe 41 and the combustion chamber 42, and a windshield 46 arranged on the top of the combustion chamber 42.
  • the anti-backfire device can ensure combustion When the chamber burns thermal runaway smoke, the flame enters the inside of the battery, and the windshield can prevent the combustion chamber from entering the wind, ensuring that the thermal runaway smoke in the combustion chamber is fully burned.
  • the cavity wall of the combustion chamber 42 is provided with an air inlet 45, and the air inlet 45 is used for supplementing the combustion chamber 42 with supporting gas, and the supporting gas is air.
  • An air outlet 47 is provided on the wall of the combustion chamber 42, and the air outlet 47 is used to discharge the gas generated after combustion.
  • the withstand temperature of the igniter and power supply in this embodiment is greater than 200° C., ensuring that the igniter and power supply can withstand the high temperature of thermal runaway smoke.
  • the trigger device is the pressure switch 49 and/or the temperature control switch 412
  • the pressure switch 49 and/or the temperature control switch 412 are arranged between the explosion relief device 410 and the combustion chamber 42, so as to facilitate the thermal runaway through the thermal runaway smoke discharge pipe.
  • the high pressure or high temperature of the flue gas triggers the conduction of the pressure switch and/or the temperature control switch, and then triggers the igniter to ignite;
  • the trigger device is an electrical connector pressure gauge
  • the trigger pressure of the electrical connector pressure gauge is less than the explosion relief pressure of the explosion relief device 410
  • the electric connector pressure gauge is arranged between the electrolyte chamber of the battery and the combustion chamber 42, so that the high voltage generated inside the battery can directly conduct the electric connector pressure gauge, and then trigger the igniter to ignite.
  • the trigger device is a pressure switch 49 and a temperature control switch 412
  • the pressure switch 49 and the temperature control switch 412 are connected in parallel or in series.
  • the temperature control switch or The pressure switch When the pressure switch and the temperature control switch are connected in parallel, the temperature control switch or The pressure switch is turned on through high voltage; when the pressure switch and the temperature control switch are connected in series, the temperature control switch needs to be turned on through high temperature and the pressure switch is turned on through high pressure, which can effectively prevent accidental touch when connected in series.
  • the trigger pressure of the electric connector pressure gauge is lower than the explosion relief pressure of the explosion relief device, which can ensure that the electric connector pressure gauge is turned on before the explosion relief device is opened, and ensure that the ignition device enters the ignition state in advance.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device provided in this embodiment also includes a thermal runaway smoke discharge pipe 41, and the trigger device is a pressure switch 49; a thermal runaway smoke discharge pipe 41 One end of the battery is connected to the electrolyte chamber inside the battery, and the other end is connected to the combustion chamber 42, that is, the combustion chamber 42 is connected to the electrolyte chamber inside the battery through the thermal runaway smoke discharge pipe 41, and the thermal runaway smoke discharge pipe 41
  • An explosion venting device 410 is arranged inside; the pressure switch 49 is arranged between the explosion venting device 410 and the combustion chamber 42, the ignition device includes an igniter and a power supply 44, the igniter is placed inside the combustion chamber 42, and the power supply 44 is arranged on the combustion chamber 42 Internally or externally, the power supply 44, the pressure switch 49 and the ignition head are sequentially connected in series from front to back.
  • the pressure switch 49 of this embodiment is arranged at the gas outlet of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust pipe 41
  • the explosion venting device 410 of this embodiment is an explosion venting membrane 411 or an explosion venting valve.
  • the igniter and power supply 44 of this embodiment have a withstand temperature greater than 200° C., which can withstand the high temperature of the thermal runaway smoke in the combustion chamber 42 .
  • the ignition device in this embodiment is a pulse igniter 43 , and it should be noted that the ignition device in this embodiment may also be other igniters except the pulse igniter 43 .
  • the power supply 44 in this embodiment is a chargeable and dischargeable power supply.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device of this embodiment also includes an anti-backfire device 48 arranged between the thermal runaway smoke discharge pipe 41 and the combustion chamber 42, and a windshield 46 arranged on the top of the combustion chamber 42.
  • the anti-backfire device 48 can effectively prevent the flame in the combustion chamber 42 from entering the inside of the battery to ensure the safety of the battery operation, and the windshield 46 can effectively prevent the combustion chamber 42 from entering the wind.
  • An air inlet 45 is provided on the chamber wall of the combustion chamber 42 , and the air inlet 45 is used for supplementing combustion chamber 42 with supporting gas.
  • the supporting gas in this embodiment is air, and it should be noted that the supporting gas can also be oxygen or other combustion-supporting gases.
  • air inlets 45 there are two air inlets 45 in this embodiment, which are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the combustion chamber 42 .
  • An air outlet 47 is provided on the wall of the combustion chamber 42, and the air outlet 47 is used to discharge the gas generated after combustion.
  • the air inlet 45 is arranged near the bottom of the combustion chamber 42
  • the air outlet 47 is arranged near the top of the combustion chamber 42 .
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this embodiment is based on Embodiment 12, and the trigger device is a temperature control switch 412; the temperature control switch 412 is arranged between the explosion venting device 410 and the combustion chamber 42, preferably Yes, the temperature control switch 412 of this embodiment is arranged at the gas outlet of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust pipe 41 .
  • the battery thermal runaway fume treatment device of this embodiment also includes a thermal runaway fume discharge pipe 41, and its trigger device is a pressure switch 49 and a temperature control switch 412.
  • One end of the gas discharge pipe 41 is connected to the electrolyte chamber inside the battery, and the other end is connected to the combustion chamber 42, that is, the combustion chamber 42 is connected to the electrolyte chamber inside the battery through the thermal runaway smoke discharge pipe 41.
  • the gas discharge pipe 41 is provided with an explosion relief device 410; the pressure switch 49 and the temperature control switch 412 are arranged between the explosion relief device 410 and the combustion chamber 42, and the ignition device includes an igniter and a power supply 44, and the igniter is placed inside the combustion chamber 42 , the power supply 44 is arranged inside or outside the combustion chamber 42, wherein the pressure switch 49 is arranged at the gas outlet of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust pipe 41, and the temperature control switch 412 is arranged at the thermal runaway smoke inlet of the combustion chamber 42
  • the power supply 44, the pressure switch 49, the temperature control switch 412 and the ignition head are sequentially connected in series from front to back. Through the pressure switch 49, it can effectively prevent accidental touch.
  • the pressure switch 49 and the temperature control switch 412 can also be connected in parallel. When the pressure switch and the temperature control switch are connected in parallel, the temperature control switch can be turned on at high temperature or the pressure switch can be turned on at high pressure.
  • the battery thermal runaway fume treatment device provided in this example also includes a thermal runaway fume discharge pipe 41 on the basis of Example 11, and the trigger device is the electrical connector pressure Table, one end of the thermal runaway smoke exhaust pipe 41 is connected to the electrolyte chamber inside the battery, and the other end is connected to the combustion chamber 42, that is, the combustion chamber 42 is connected to the electrolyte chamber inside the battery through the thermal runaway smoke exhaust pipe 41 , an explosion venting device 410 is arranged in the thermal runaway smoke exhaust pipe 41; the electric connector pressure gauge is arranged between the electrolyte chamber of the battery and the combustion chamber 42, and specifically a three-way pipe is connected at the explosion venting port of the battery, so that The explosion vent is connected to the first port of the tee pipe, the second port of the tee pipe is connected to the combustion chamber 42 through the thermal runaway smoke exhaust pipe 41, and the third port of the tee pipe is connected to the electric connector pressure gauge , the electric joint pressure gauge
  • the explosion venting device 410 in this embodiment is an explosion venting membrane 411 or an explosion venting valve.
  • the explosion venting device 410 in this embodiment is an explosion venting membrane 411 .
  • the trigger pressure of the electrical connector pressure gauge in this embodiment is lower than the explosion relief pressure of the explosion relief device 410 .
  • the withstand temperature of the igniter and the power supply 44 in this embodiment is greater than 200° C., which can withstand the high temperature of the thermal runaway smoke in the combustion chamber 42 .
  • the ignition device in this embodiment is a pulse igniter 43 , and it should be noted that the ignition device in this embodiment may also be other igniters except the pulse igniter 43 .
  • An air inlet 45 is provided on the wall of the combustion chamber 42 in this embodiment, and the air inlet 45 is used to supplement the combustion chamber 42 with supporting gas.
  • the supporting gas in this embodiment is air, and it should be noted that the supporting gas can also be oxygen or other combustion-supporting gases.
  • the air inlet 45 of this embodiment is arranged at a position near the bottom of the combustion chamber 42 , and the air outlet 47 is arranged at a position near the top of the combustion chamber 42 .
  • An air outlet 47 is provided on the wall of the combustion chamber 42, and the air outlet 47 is used to discharge the gas generated after combustion.
  • This application is a battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device. Its working principle is: when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery, the pressure and temperature inside the battery rise sharply.
  • the runaway smoke is discharged into the combustion chamber 42 through the thermal runaway smoke discharge pipe 41, and at the same time passes through the combustion chamber 42, and the trigger device is turned on at the same time, so that the ignition device is in the ignition state.
  • the thermal runaway smoke is in the combustion chamber 42
  • the ignition condition is reached, the thermal runaway smoke is ignited and starts to burn, and the combustible components in the thermal runaway smoke are burned up or burned until the concentration of the combustible components is so low that it cannot be ignited again, and the burned gas passes through the Vent 47 is vented to the atmosphere.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device includes an igniter 51, a trigger device 52, and a flue gas duct 53;
  • the trigger device 52 includes a control circuit board 521 and a sensor 522, and the sensor 522 is set On the flue gas pipe 53 or the battery housing, its output end is connected with the control circuit board 521, and when the battery 55 is thermally out of control, the output signal is given to the control circuit board 521, and the control circuit board 521 outputs the ignition current according to the signal;
  • the igniter 51 is An arc igniter 511 or a resistance wire igniter 512 , the igniter 51 is arranged on the flue gas pipe 53 , and ignites the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the flue gas pipe 53 under the ignition current output by the control circuit board 521 .
  • the device can timely ignite the smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery 55, avoiding the pollution of the ambient air caused by the thermal runaway smoke, and also avoiding the accumulation of the thermal runaway smoke in the battery 55, causing explosions, fires and other dangerous events, making the battery Security has been greatly improved.
  • the igniter 51 of the device is an arc igniter 511 or a resistance wire igniter 512, and the arc igniter 511 or the resistance wire igniter 512 is a continuous ignition device, which can prevent wind or rain in the external environment from affecting the ignition of the igniter 51. performance, thereby avoiding the risk of unreliable ignition of thermal runaway fumes.
  • the device can timely ignite the smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery 55, avoiding the pollution of the atmosphere caused by the discharged thermal runaway smoke; at the same time, it also prevents the accumulation of the thermal runaway smoke in the battery 55, causing explosions, fires and other dangerous events, making the battery 55 Security has been greatly improved.
  • the structure of the resistance wire igniter 512 is not limited, as long as the thermal runaway smoke generated by the battery 55 can be reliably ignited in time.
  • the resistance wire igniter 512 includes an igniter housing 5111, a resistance wire 5121, a ceramic pressure ring 5116 and a ceramic pressure ring 5117; 5121 is arranged in the above-mentioned ignition chamber 5114, and the resistance wire 5121 is connected with the control circuit board 521 outside the igniter housing 5111.
  • the ceramic pressure ring 5116 is provided with an annular groove, and the resistance wire 5121 is arranged in the annular groove, and is pressed tightly by the ceramic pressure ring 5117, so that the resistance wire 5121 is installed on the ignition device through the ceramic pressure ring 5116 and the ceramic pressure ring 5117.
  • the ceramic pressure ring 5116 and the ceramic pressure ring 5117 are insulators to realize good insulation between the igniter housing 5111 and the resistance wire 5121.
  • the resistance wire 5121 in the resistance wire igniter 512 is made of iron-chromium-aluminum resistance wire or nickel-chromium resistance wire.
  • the resistance wire igniter 512 Compared with the electric pulse igniter, the resistance wire igniter 512 has the characteristics of simple structure and does not need circuit components such as voltage booster and oscillator.
  • the resistance wire igniter 512 has a simple structure and does not require circuit components such as booster and oscillator. It is arranged in the flue gas duct 53 and can also be used as a windproof heating wire, so that the flue gas from the thermal runaway of the battery 55 can be reliably ignited.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device is an automatic control resistance wire ignition device, which is installed in the flue gas pipe 53, and sends a signal to the control circuit when combustible gas is detected in the flue gas pipe 53 Board 521, the control circuit board 521 connects the resistance wire 5121, so that the resistance wire 5121 is rapidly heated to the flammable temperature of the gas to ignite the gas, preventing the gas from gathering in large quantities.
  • the structure of the arc igniter 511 can also be various. It is arranged on the flue gas pipe 53 , and ignites the battery thermal runaway smoke discharged from the flue gas pipe 53 under the ignition current output by the control circuit board 521 .
  • the arc igniter 511 includes an igniter housing 5111, a first electrode wire 5112, a second electrode wire 5113, a ceramic pressure ring 5116 and a ceramic pressure ring 5117;
  • the ignition cavity 5114, one end of the first electrode wire 5112 and one end of the second electrode wire 5113 are arranged in the ignition cavity 5114, and an ionization gap 5115 is provided between the two, the first electrode wire 5112, the second electrode wire 5113
  • the other ends are connected to the control circuit board 521 through high-temperature wires.
  • an oscillating circuit is provided on the control circuit board 521 for converting direct current into alternating current.
  • the boosted voltage is sent to the first wire electrode 5112 and the second wire electrode 5113, and the air between them is ionized, thereby generating an arc.
  • an annular groove is arranged in the ceramic pressing ring 5116, and the first electrode wire 5112 and the second electrode wire 5113 are arranged in the annular groove, and are compressed by the ceramic pressing ring 5117, so that the first electrode wire 5112, the second electrode wire 5113
  • the second electrode wire 5113 is installed in the igniter housing 5111 through the ceramic pressure ring 5116 and the ceramic pressure ring 5117.
  • the ceramic pressure ring 5116 and the ceramic pressure ring 5117 are insulators, which can prevent the first electrode wire 5112, the second electrode wire 5113 from The igniter housing 5111 is in contact to achieve good insulation between the igniter housing 5111 and the electrode wire.
  • a booster coil 5118 is arranged between the arc igniter 511 and the control circuit board 521, which is used to boost the AC power output by the control circuit board 521 and send it to the first wire electrode 5112 and the second wire electrode 5113. air, creating an arc.
  • the voltage of the above-mentioned arc igniter 511 step-up circuit (that is, the step-up coil 5118) is about 100kv, which is much higher than that of the pulse igniter 51, so it has the characteristics of fast arc start and fast ignition speed, and can quickly and quickly ignite the thermal runaway smoke of the battery. gas.
  • an oscillation circuit is provided on the control circuit board 521 for converting direct current into alternating current.
  • the materials of the first electrode wire 5112 and the second electrode wire 5113 are copper-chromium alloy, copper-tungsten alloy and other alloys.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in this embodiment is an automatically controlled arc ignition device. This device is installed at the end of the flue gas pipe 53.
  • the sensor 522 detects that there is combustible gas in the flue gas pipe 53
  • the feedback signal is sent to The control circuit board 521, the control circuit board 521 connects the battery 55 and the booster coil 5118, and the booster coil 5118 increases the voltage, ionizes the air between the arc generating heads that are very close to form an arc, and ignites the smoke Combustible gas discharged from pipeline 53.
  • the pressure sensor 522 detects the pressure change in the flue gas pipe 53 (or the gas sensor 522 detects that there is combustible gas flowing, or the temperature sensor 522 detects When the temperature rises sharply), the sensor 522 transmits a signal to the control circuit board 521. After the control circuit board 521 receives the signal, the relay closes, and the DC current of the battery 55 is converted into an alternating current by the oscillating current (or oscillator) on the control circuit board 521.
  • the trigger device 52 of this application can be a sensor 522 of different structures, as long as it can send a signal when the battery 55 is thermally out of control, that is, when the battery is thermally out of control, it can detect parameters such as temperature, pressure or gas volume fraction in real time.
  • a signal can be sent when the threshold is reached, and the signal can be an electrical signal or a mechanical signal.
  • the above sensor 522 can be at least one of a pressure sensor, a gas sensor or a temperature sensor, and the pressure sensor, gas sensor and temperature sensor can be specifically arranged on the flue gas pipe 53 or the battery case.
  • the pressure sensor, gas sensor or temperature sensor is set on the flue gas pipe 53 through the tee pipe 54, or connected to the battery case through threads. This kind of installation can directly and quickly detect the thermal runaway flue gas.
  • Reliable detection can be carried out at the beginning or early stage of thermal runaway, so that the smoke of battery thermal runaway can be treated in time.
  • the above-mentioned smoke pipe 53 includes a smoke main pipe 531 and a plurality of smoke branch pipes 532;
  • the outlet of the flue gas main pipe 531 is connected, and the outlets of the plurality of flue gas branch pipes 532 are all provided with an igniter 51 .
  • there are also a plurality of trigger devices 52 and the plurality of trigger devices 52 are arranged on the plurality of flue gas branch pipes 532 in one-to-one correspondence.
  • an anti-backfire device is also provided on the flue gas main pipe 531 or the flue gas branch pipe 532.
  • the anti-temper device can be an anti-backfire valve to prevent thermal runaway smoke in the flue gas main pipe 531 or the flue gas branch pipe 532. Air backflow.
  • the number of flue gas branch pipes 532 and igniters 51 can be set according to the number and requirements of batteries 55, and can be set to 2, 3, 4, ... 10, etc., and can be set to 2 or more The reliability of ignition can be guaranteed, and when a certain igniter 51 fails or breaks down, other igniters 51 can work normally.
  • This embodiment also provides a battery 55, including the above-mentioned battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device, and the inlet of the smoke pipe 53 is connected to the explosion vent port or the explosion vent pipe 56 of the battery case.
  • this embodiment also provides a battery pack, including a confluence pipe 57, a plurality of batteries 55 and the above-mentioned battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device, a plurality of batteries 55 are connected in parallel or in series, and the confluence pipe 57
  • One end of the battery case is connected to explosion vents or explosion vent pipes 56, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the flue gas pipe 53.
  • the flue gas pipe 53 includes a flue gas main pipe 531 and a plurality of flue gas branch pipes 532.
  • the flue gas main pipe The inlet of 531 is connected with explosion vents or explosion vent pipes 56 of a plurality of battery casings through a confluence pipe 57, that is, one end of the confluence pipe 57 is connected with explosion vents of a plurality of battery casings, and the other end is connected with the flue gas main pipe 531.
  • the inlet is connected, and the outlets of the plurality of flue gas branch pipes 532 are all provided with igniters 51 , and at the same time, the plurality of flue gas branch pipes 532 are all provided with sensors 522 .
  • the thermal runaway of multiple batteries 55 causes the explosion vent or the explosion vent pipe 56 to open
  • the high-temperature material inside the battery 55 will enter the flue gas main pipe 531 and the flue gas branch pipe 532 through the explosion vent or the explosion vent pipe 56, and at this time the trigger
  • the device 52 activates the igniter 51 after sensing the thermal runaway smoke, and the igniter 51 ignites the thermal runaway smoke of the battery 55 .
  • a cooling device can be connected to the explosion venting port of the battery case or the explosion venting pipe 56. The cooling device is filled with cooling material, and the thermal runaway smoke is ignited through the device after being cooled and absorbed.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device includes a cooling adsorption unit 61 and a smoke ignition device 62; the cooling adsorption unit 61 includes N tanks 63 connected in series, and N tanks The body 63 is filled with cooling material and/or adsorption material for cooling and/or absorbing the battery thermal runaway smoke, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the smoke ignition device 62 is arranged on the Nth tank body 63 The outlet port is used to ignite the cooled and/or adsorbed flue gas.
  • This embodiment does not limit the arrangement and internal structure of the tank body 63, as long as it can meet the requirements of use, the cooling material and/or adsorption material inside the tank body 63 can be partially filled or fully filled to meet different uses.
  • the temperature and flow rate of the flue gas can be reduced by passing the flue gas of the thermal runaway of the battery through the cooling and adsorption chamber.
  • the outlet end of 63 is provided with a flue gas ignition device 62, which is used to ignite the cooled and/or adsorbed flue gas, which can consume the combustible components in the flue gas and prevent the combustible substances in the flue gas from entering the air to cause safety. ACCIDENT.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device specifically includes a connected cooling adsorption unit 61 and a smoke ignition device 62;
  • the cooling adsorption unit 61 includes 8 tanks 63, all of which are filled with cooling materials , or, all of the 8 tank bodies 63 are filled with adsorption materials, or, the 1st to 4th tank bodies 63 are filled with cooling materials, and the 5th to 8th tank bodies 63 are filled with adsorption materials, and the 8 tank bodies 63 Arranged linearly in a row;
  • the smoke ignition device 62 is arranged at the outlet end of the eighth tank 63, and is used to ignite the cooled and adsorbed smoke.
  • adjacent tank bodies 63 are connected in series through an elbow 64 , and a flue gas buffering return cavity is formed in the elbow 64 .
  • Each of the first to fourth tanks 63 is provided with two porous plates, and the two porous plates are axially connected by connecting rods with threads at both ends, that is, the two ends of the connecting rod pass through the porous plates respectively and are fixed by nuts.
  • Two adjacent perforated plates form a cooling adsorption cavity with the inner wall of the tank body 63, and ceramic balls are filled in the cooling and adsorption cavity; similarly, two perforated plates are respectively arranged in the 5th to 8th tank body 63, and the adjacent two perforated plates
  • the two porous plates and the inner wall of the tank body 63 form a cooling adsorption chamber, and activated carbon is filled in the cooling adsorption chamber.
  • the flue gas from the thermal runaway of the battery passes through the first to fourth tanks 63 to reduce the temperature and flow, and then enters the fifth to eighth tanks 63 for adsorption treatment, which improves the purification effect; the outlet of the eighth tank 63 is equipped with smoke
  • the gas ignition device 62 is used to ignite the cooled and adsorbed flue gas to prevent safety accidents caused by the presence of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and other combustible substances in the flue gas after cooling and adsorption.
  • the shape of the tank body 63 is not limited, as long as it can be filled with cooling materials and/or adsorption materials.
  • the tank body 63 preferably adopts Nice round tank 63.
  • the cooling material can be one or more combinations of honeycomb ceramic body, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, and titanium oxide; the adsorption material can also be graphite, aluminum oxide, montmorillonite, silicon A combination of one or more of acid salt, phosphate, porous glass.
  • an anti-tempering unit is fixedly installed on the eighth tank body 63 to prevent backflow of smoke; a collection unit 65 is also provided between the eighth tank body 63 and the smoke ignition device 62, and the collection unit 65 can collect the combustible components in the flue gas. After the gas volume reaches the threshold, it will be ignited at the outlet. If the threshold is not reached, the flue gas ignition device 62 will not be activated.
  • the collection unit 65 is added as a step before the flue gas ignition device 62. line of defense for increased security.
  • the smoke ignition device 62 is a pulse igniter, and the smoke ignition device 62 also includes an air inlet for passing in air for mixing and ignition with the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device includes a gas storage compartment 71 and an ignition device 72, and the gas storage compartment 71 includes an air inlet 711 and an exhaust port 712 for input and discharge Thermal runaway smoke; the ignition device 72 is fixedly installed at the outlet of the gas storage compartment 71's outer exhaust port 712 to ignite the thermal runaway smoke; the gas storage compartment 71 is separated by a partition 77 into an independent first compartment 731 and a second compartment.
  • the air inlet 711 is arranged in the first compartment 731, and the exhaust port 712 is arranged in the second compartment 732;
  • the ignition switch 721 and the trigger device 722 are arranged on the partition 77 and penetrate the partition 77 .
  • the ignition switch 721 is set to be pressed and triggered by the trigger device 722 to start the ignition device.
  • a pressure relief valve 78 is also provided on the partition 77 , so that the smoke from thermal runaway enters the second chamber 712 from the first chamber 711 through the pressure relief valve 78 .
  • the thermal runaway smoke enters the second chamber 732 through the pressure relief valve 78, and reaches the outlet through the exhaust port 712; when the air pressure in the first chamber 731 increases , when the first threshold P2 is reached, the trigger device 722 is in conflict with the ignition switch 721, and the ignition switch 721 activates the ignition device 72 to combust the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the first threshold P 1 is not less than the second threshold P 2 , so as to prevent the trigger device 722 from pressing the ignition switch 721 , and before the ignition device 72 is activated, the smoke from thermal runaway is discharged from the storage tank through the pressure relief valve 78 Outside the gas cabin 71, air pollution or even danger occurs.
  • the trigger device 722 passing through the partition 77 is pushed by the air pressure, the ignition switch 721 is touched to start the ignition device 72 .
  • the exhaust port 712 can be set as a pipe, and a check flow valve 75 is fixed on the pipe to control the flow of the flue gas from thermal runaway.
  • the exhaust port 712 can also be provided with at least 2 exhaust nozzles, and multiple exhaust nozzles can play the role of uniform pressure and high-efficiency ignition. The number can be consistent or inconsistent, and multiple ignition heads can efficiently ignite thermal runaway fumes from multiple exhaust ports.
  • a supporting portion 79 is provided outside the gas storage compartment 71 for fixing and installing the ignition device 72 .
  • the ignition device 72 is a pulse igniter.
  • the battery case provided in this embodiment includes the above-mentioned battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device includes a gas storage compartment 71 and an ignition device 72
  • the gas storage compartment 71 includes The air inlet 711 and the exhaust port 712 are used to input and discharge the smoke from thermal runaway
  • the ignition device 72 is fixedly arranged at the exhaust port 712 outside the gas storage cabin 71 to ignite the smoke from thermal runaway
  • the gas storage cabin 71 is composed of
  • the plate 77 is divided into an independent first compartment 731 and a second compartment 732, the air inlet 711 is arranged in the first compartment 731, and the exhaust port 712 is arranged on the second compartment 732
  • the gas storage compartment 71 is also provided with a switch assembly , the switch assembly includes an ignition switch 721 fixed in the second compartment 732 and a trigger device 722 arranged on the partition 77 and penetrating through the partition 77 .
  • the ignition switch 721 is set to be pressed and triggered by the trigger device 722 to start the ignition device.
  • a pressure relief valve 78 is also provided on the partition 77 , so that the smoke from thermal runaway enters the second chamber 712 from the first chamber 711 through the pressure relief valve 78 .
  • the thermal runaway smoke enters the second chamber 732 through the pressure relief valve 78, and reaches the outlet through the exhaust port 712; when the air pressure in the first chamber 731 increases , when the first threshold P2 is reached, the trigger device 722 is in conflict with the ignition switch 721, and the ignition switch 721 activates the ignition device 72 to combust the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the first threshold P 1 is not less than the second threshold P 2 , so as to prevent the smoke from thermal runaway from being discharged through the pressure relief valve 78 before the trigger device 722 presses the ignition switch 721 and the ignition device 72 is not activated. Outside the gas cabin 71, air pollution or even danger occurs.
  • the air inlet 711 radially extends to the outside of the gas storage chamber 71 and is provided with a mounting portion 713 which is an external thread and is fixedly connected to the explosion vent of the battery case.
  • This embodiment provides a battery, including a battery cell, an electrode assembly, and the above-mentioned battery case.
  • This embodiment provides a battery box, including the above-mentioned flue gas treatment device.
  • This embodiment provides a battery pack, which includes several of the above-mentioned batteries.
  • the battery pack also includes a confluence pipe. The installation part of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device is fixedly connected. When the thermal runaway of the battery pack occurs, the thermal runaway smoke can be transported to the smoke treatment device through the manifold.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device provided in this embodiment includes a gas storage compartment 81 and an ignition device 82, and the gas storage compartment 81 includes an air inlet 811 and an exhaust port 812 for input and discharge Smoke from thermal runaway; the ignition device 82 is fixedly installed at the outer exhaust port 812 of the gas storage compartment 81; the gas storage compartment 11 in this embodiment is a rectangular box, and can also be designed into other shapes according to requirements.
  • the gas storage compartment 81 is divided into an independent first compartment 831 and a second compartment 832 by a movable partition 87; the air inlet 811 is arranged in the first compartment 831, and the exhaust port 812 is arranged on the second compartment 832;
  • the compartment 832 is also provided with a switch assembly, which includes an ignition switch 821.
  • the second compartment 832 is provided with an elastic component 84 fixed on the movable partition 87 to limit the movable partition 87 from being pushed by a small air pressure.
  • a gasket is provided on the movable partition 87 to keep the first chamber 831 and the second chamber 832 airtight.
  • a pipeline 8121 is arranged on the exhaust port 812, and at least one exhaust nozzle 8122 is arranged on the pipeline 8121. The number of exhaust nozzles can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the number of ignition devices can be adjusted accordingly.
  • a non-return flow valve 85 is fixed on the pipe 8121 to control the flow of the thermal runaway flue gas. The elastic component 84 is resisted between the second compartment 832 and the movable partition 87 .
  • the gas storage compartment 81 includes a mounting portion 86 for being fixedly mounted on the battery.
  • the ignition device 82 is a pulse igniter, and the ignition device 82 is fixed on the gas storage compartment 81 by a support seat 88 .
  • the movable partition 87 is provided with a stable seat 871 for stabilizing the movement of the movable partition 87 .
  • this embodiment provides a battery casing, which includes the above-mentioned battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device 810.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device 810 is the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 20.
  • the battery case is connected to the manifold through the explosion vent. Multiple batteries are connected in parallel, and the manifold is passed through the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device.
  • the installation part 86 is connected with the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device. When thermal runaway occurs in any single cell of the battery pack and generates thermal runaway smoke, it is discharged to the thermal runaway smoke treatment device through the manifold for treatment.
  • the structure is simple, safe, small in size, environmentally friendly and high in efficiency.
  • the gas storage compartment 81 is a cylindrical body, and the gas storage compartment 81 is divided into an independent first compartment and a second compartment by a movable partition.
  • Two cabins The air inlet 811 is arranged in the first cabin, and the exhaust outlet 812 is arranged in the second cabin; a switch assembly is also arranged in the second cabin, including an ignition switch 821.
  • the movable partition is activated by the second cabin.
  • the air pressure in the cabin is pushed, touch the ignition switch 821 to start the ignition device 82, and make the exhaust port 812 and the air inlet 811 form a continuous air outlet channel to discharge the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the first compartment is provided with an elastic component 84 fixedly arranged on the movable partition to limit the movable partition from being pushed by a small air pressure.
  • the gas storage compartment 81 includes a mounting portion 86 for being fixedly mounted on the battery.
  • the ignition device 82 is a pulse igniter, and the ignition device 82 is fixed on the gas storage compartment 81 by a support seat 88 .
  • the movable partition 87 is provided with a base 871 and a protrusion 872.
  • the protrusion 872 can be inserted into the air inlet 811 to keep the air inlet 811 airtight under normal pressure.
  • the protrusion 872 is provided with a gasket so that the first compartment Keep airtight with the second compartment.
  • the base 871 moves along the axial direction of the cylinder and has a gap with the cylinder.
  • the base is square, or hexagonal, octagonal or triangular, depending on the effect of creating a gap with the cylinder.
  • the ignition switch 821 is also provided on the base 871, the ignition switch 821 has a mounting seat 8211, and there is an elastic component 84 between the mounting seat 8211 and the base 871, and a trigger is provided near the air outlet 812 in the cylinder.
  • Block 822 The ignition switch 821 and the trigger block 822 are collectively referred to as a switch assembly, and the positions of the ignition switch and the trigger block can be adjusted according to actual needs. In this embodiment, switching the positions of the ignition switch and the trigger block can also achieve the purpose of starting the ignition device.
  • the thermal runaway smoke passes through the air inlet 811, the protrusion 871 is pushed up due to the increased pressure, the air inlet 811 is opened, the thermal runaway smoke passes through the cylinder to the air outlet 812, and at the same time the elastic component 84 is compressed, the ignition switch 821 After being moved upward by the mounting seat 8211, it is pressed by the trigger block 822, and the ignition device 82 is activated to ignite the thermal runaway smoke at the gas outlet 812.
  • the gas storage compartment 81 is also provided with a support seat 88 to fix the ignition device 82 on the gas storage compartment 81 .
  • the device is small in size, simple in installation, convenient in use, low in cost and high in efficiency.
  • this embodiment also provides a battery casing, which includes a battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device.
  • the battery casing is connected to the manifold through the explosion vent, and multiple batteries are connected in parallel, and the manifold is connected to the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device through the installation part of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device.
  • thermal runaway occurs in any single cell of the battery pack and generates thermal runaway smoke, it is discharged to the thermal runaway smoke treatment device through the manifold for treatment.
  • the structure is simple, safe, small in size, environmentally friendly and high in efficiency.
  • This embodiment also provides a battery pack, especially a large-capacity battery, including the above-mentioned battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device.
  • This embodiment also provides a battery box, including the above-mentioned battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke treatment device includes a smoke ignition device and an alarm assembly 94;
  • the smoke ignition device includes an exhaust pipe 91, an ignition device 93 and a trigger device 92, triggering
  • the device 92 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 91, and is used to activate the ignition device 93 when the thermal runaway smoke passes through the exhaust pipe 91.
  • the ignition device 93 is arranged at the outlet end of the exhaust pipe 91, and is used to ignite Thermal runaway smoke, the alarm component 94 is used to send out an alarm signal when the ignition device 93 is activated.
  • the battery thermal runaway flue gas treatment device can ignite the flue gas generated by thermal runaway when the battery is thermally out of control, so as to prevent the thermal runaway smoke from polluting the atmosphere, and at the same time prevent the thermal runaway smoke from accumulating in the lithium battery, causing explosions, fires, etc. events, greatly improving battery safety.
  • the alarm component 94 can send an alarm signal when the ignition device 93 is started, and generate a warning effect, so that the staff can deal with the thermal runaway battery in time. At the same time, the alarm component 94 can also accurately locate the thermal runaway battery, so that the staff can Accurate and timely processing.
  • the device of the present application has a simple structure and is easy to install, and can be assembled by using existing devices.
  • the exhaust pipe 91 of the present application can be one or more, if there are more than one, a multi-pipe structure is adopted, for example, it specifically includes a first exhaust pipe 911 and a second exhaust pipe 912; the second exhaust pipe 912, the trigger Both the device 92 and the ignition device 93 are plural; the inlets of the plurality of second exhaust pipes 912 are connected to the outlet of the first exhaust pipe 911; the plurality of ignition devices 93 are arranged at the outlet of the second exhaust pipe 912; A plurality of trigger devices 92 are arranged on the plurality of second exhaust pipes 912 in one-to-one correspondence.
  • an anti-backfire device 96 is also provided on the exhaust pipe 91 or the first exhaust pipe 911.
  • the anti-backfire device 96 can be an anti-backfire valve for preventing the exhaust pipe 91 or the first exhaust pipe from Thermal runaway fumes inside the 911 flow back when ignited.
  • the number of the second exhaust pipe 912 and the ignition device 93 can be set according to the number and requirements of the batteries, and can be set to 2, 3 or 4, etc., and can be set to 2 or more to ensure ignition Reliability, when a certain ignition device 93 fails or breaks down, other ignition devices 93 can work normally.
  • the above-mentioned trigger device 92 can specifically be an ignition switch, the ignition switch is one of a pressure switch and a magnetic switch, and the structure of the magnetic switch can also be various, as long as the ignition device 93 can be activated when the thermal runaway smoke passes through, for example It can be a mechanical magnetic switch, a gravity magnetic switch or a magnetic magnetic switch.
  • the structure of the ignition device 93 can be various, for example, a pulse igniter can be used specifically, and the power supply mode of the pulse igniter can be dry battery or alternating current according to the site environment.
  • the structure of the above-mentioned alarm assembly 94 can also be multiple, can be integrated, can also be split, for example, can use sound alarm device and/or light alarm device, the sound alarm device can be specifically a buzzer, The light alarm device can specifically be a flashing light, and the flashing light is a red flashing light or a yellow flashing light.
  • the alarm assembly 94 can be started synchronously when the ignition device 93 is started, and an alarm signal can be sent after the start, that is, the alarm assembly 94 can be started by the trigger device 92, and can be manually closed or closed by the control system in the upper control machine after the start. After the ignition device 93 is ignited, it is passively closed.
  • the above-mentioned exhaust pipe 91 or the second exhaust pipe 912 is provided with a top cover 95, the top cover 95 is hinged with the exhaust pipe 91 or the second exhaust pipe 912, and can be opened by the air flow when the thermal runaway smoke passes through.
  • the top cover 95 plays a waterproof role when it is not opened, preventing external impurities or water vapor from entering the exhaust pipe 91 .
  • the alarm component 94 can realize real-time monitoring, can detect the change of battery air pressure caused by thermal runaway in time, and give a timely reminder, so that the battery thermal runaway can be detected and an alarm signal can be detected in the early stage, and the alarm component 94 can realize timely monitoring and After the alarm, not only can effectively reduce casualties, but also avoid secondary safety accidents caused by the thermal runaway of the remaining batteries due to high temperature, and further reduce property losses.
  • a sealing plug can be provided on the exhaust pipe 91 or the second exhaust pipe 912, and the sealing plug is arranged at the outlet of the exhaust pipe 91 or the second exhaust pipe 912, and can pass through the exhaust gas in case of thermal runaway. is ejected or ejected.
  • a top cover 95 may be provided on the exhaust pipe 91 or the second exhaust pipe 912, and the top cover 95 is hinged to the exhaust pipe 91 or the second exhaust pipe 912, and can be opened when the smoke from thermal runaway passes through, thereby waterproof effect.
  • the battery provided in this embodiment includes at least one single battery 1, an explosion venting mechanism 2, a manifold 3 and an ignition device 4; the explosion venting mechanism 2 is fixed on the single battery 1 for releasing the single battery
  • the thermal runaway smoke generated during thermal runaway; one end of the manifold 3 is fixedly connected to the explosion relief mechanism 2 for transporting the thermal runaway smoke;
  • the ignition device 4 is fixedly connected to the other end of the manifold 3 for transporting the manifold 3
  • the thermal runaway fumes ignite.
  • the ignition device 4 is a pulse igniter.
  • the ignition device 4 also includes an air inlet for letting in air to mix with the thermal runaway smoke. When the number of single cells is greater than 1, the manifold 3 is connected in parallel with the single cells.
  • a plurality of single cells 1 can be arranged side by side to form a lithium-ion battery, and the ignition device 4 can be arranged away from the single cells 1 to prevent thermal runaway smoke from burning and damaging the single cells 1 during ignition.
  • the thermal runaway smoke generated when the single battery is thermally runaway includes but is not limited to hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and other flammable gases. Therefore, the manifold 3 is made of a material that is resistant to high temperature, high pressure and corrosion.
  • the air outlet of the above-mentioned explosion venting mechanism 2 can be oriented, and can only deliver the thermal runaway smoke from the inside of the single battery 1 to the manifold 3, and cannot transport the thermal runaway smoke from the manifold 3 to the single battery 1.
  • the thermal runaway smoke generated by the single battery 1 reaches a certain threshold, it is opened by directional blasting.
  • Each single battery is equipped with an explosion venting mechanism 2. When any single battery generates thermal runaway smoke due to thermal runaway, it will pass through After the explosion venting mechanism 2 enters the manifold 3, other single cells 1 still work normally.
  • the ignition device 4 includes an igniter 8 and an air inlet 9 .
  • the thermal runaway smoke is transported from the manifold 3 to the ignition device 4, the thermal runaway smoke is ejected, and the air enters from the air inlet 9 to mix with the thermal runaway smoke, and the igniter ignites the mixture of thermal runaway smoke and air , harmless treatment of thermal runaway flue gas, which is convenient, simple and efficient, and avoids fire or environmental pollution.
  • the igniter 8 can be a pulse igniter, or an electric igniter controlled by a battery management system.
  • this embodiment provides a battery including at least one single battery 1, a manifold 3, an ignition device 4 and an explosion relief mechanism 2, on the basis of Embodiment 24; the manifold 3 is also fixed in front of the ignition device 4 An anti-tempering device 5 is provided to prevent the thermal runaway flue gas from being ignited and reversely burned into the manifold 3; Ignite; ignition device 4 is a pulse igniter.
  • the ignition device 4 also includes an air inlet for letting in air to mix with the thermal runaway smoke. When the number of single cells is greater than 1, the manifold 3 is connected in parallel with the single cells.
  • the battery provided by this embodiment includes at least one single battery 1, a manifold 3, an ignition device 4 and an explosion relief mechanism 2, and the explosion relief mechanism 2 is fixed on the single battery 1 for Release the thermal runaway smoke generated when the single battery is thermally out of control; one end of the manifold 3 is fixedly connected to the explosion relief mechanism 2 for transporting the thermal runaway smoke; the manifold 3 is also fixedly equipped with an anti-tempering device 5 for use In order to prevent the thermal runaway flue gas from being ignited, it will reversely burn into the manifold 3; the ignition device 4 is fixedly connected to the other end of the manifold 3, and is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas transported by the manifold 3; The buffer device 6 is fixedly installed.
  • the buffer device also includes a pressure relief valve 10.
  • the opening pressure of the pressure relief valve 10 is lower than the opening pressure of the battery explosion relief valve.
  • the pressure relief valve 10 is opened, and the smoke from thermal runaway reaches the ignition device 4 through the pressure relief valve.
  • the ignition device 4 is a pulse igniter.
  • the ignition device 4 also includes an air inlet for letting in air to mix with the thermal runaway smoke. When the number of single cells is greater than 1, the manifold 3 is connected in parallel with the single cells.
  • a plurality of single cells 1 can be arranged side by side to form a lithium-ion battery, and the ignition device 4 can be arranged away from the single cells 1 to prevent thermal runaway smoke from burning without damaging the single cells 1 during ignition.
  • the buffer device 6 is an elastic bag or a pressure vessel, which can carry a certain pressure to prevent the thermal runaway smoke concentration from being too low and unable to be ignited when it reaches the ignition device 4 .
  • the thermal runaway smoke generated when the single battery is thermally runaway includes but is not limited to hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and other flammable gases, so the manifold 3 is made of materials that are resistant to high temperature, high pressure and corrosion.
  • the battery pack provided by this embodiment includes a casing 7 and a number of lithium-ion batteries placed in the casing 7 in series or in parallel; it also includes an explosion relief mechanism 2, which can be a pressure valve or The connecting pipe is fixed on the box body 7, and the explosion venting mechanism 2 is used to release the thermal runaway smoke generated when the battery is thermally runaway; one end of the confluence pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the explosion venting mechanism 2, and is used to transport the thermal runaway smoke; ignition The device 4 is fixedly connected with the other end of the manifold 3, and is used for igniting the thermal runaway smoke transported by the manifold 3.
  • the ignition device 4 is a pulse igniter.
  • the ignition device 4 also includes an air inlet for letting in air to mix with the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the ignition device 4 can be arranged away from the box body 7, so as to prevent the thermal runaway smoke from burning without damaging the battery during ignition.
  • the thermal runaway smoke generated when the battery is thermally runaway includes but is not limited to flammable gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane. Therefore, the manifold 3 is made of a material that is resistant to high temperature, high pressure, and corrosion.
  • the gas outlet of the explosion-relief mechanism 2 can be oriented, and can only deliver the thermal runaway smoke from the inside of the box body 7 to the manifold 3, and cannot transport the thermal runaway smoke from the manifold 3 to the box body 7. When the thermal runaway smoke generated by the box 7 reaches a certain threshold, it is opened by directional blasting.
  • the ignition device 4 includes an igniter 8 and an air inlet 9 .
  • the thermal runaway smoke is transported from the manifold 3 to the ignition device 4, the thermal runaway smoke is ejected, and the air enters from the air inlet 9 to mix with the thermal runaway smoke, and the igniter ignites the mixture of thermal runaway smoke and air , harmless treatment of thermal runaway flue gas, which is convenient, simple and efficient, and avoids fire or environmental pollution.
  • the battery pack of this embodiment includes a box body 7 and a number of lithium-ion batteries placed in the box body 7 in series or in parallel; it also includes an explosion relief mechanism 2, which can be a pressure valve or a communication valve.
  • Pipe, fixed on the box body 7, the explosion venting mechanism 2 is used to release the thermal runaway smoke generated when the battery is thermally runaway; one end of the confluence pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the explosion venting mechanism 2, and is used to transport the thermal runaway smoke; 3 is also fixedly equipped with an anti-tempering device 5, which is used to prevent the thermal runaway smoke from being ignited and reversely burned into the manifold 3; the ignition device 4 is fixedly connected to the other end of the manifold 3, and is used to transport the manifold 3 The thermal runaway smoke is ignited; the ignition device 4 is a pulse igniter.
  • the ignition device 4 also includes an air inlet for letting in air to mix with the thermal runaway smoke. When the number of battery packs is greater than 1, the manifold 3 is connected in the
  • the ignition device 4 can be arranged away from the box body 7, so as to prevent the thermal runaway smoke from burning without damaging the battery during ignition.
  • the thermal runaway smoke generated when the battery is thermally runaway includes but is not limited to flammable gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane. Therefore, the manifold 3 is made of a material that is resistant to high temperature, high pressure, and corrosion.
  • the gas outlet of the explosion-relief mechanism 2 can be oriented, and can only deliver the thermal runaway smoke from the inside of the box body 7 to the manifold 3, and cannot transport the thermal runaway smoke from the manifold 3 to the box body 7. When the thermal runaway smoke generated by the box 7 reaches a certain threshold, it is opened by directional blasting.
  • the battery pack provided in this embodiment includes a box body 7 and a number of lithium-ion batteries placed in the box body 7 in series or in parallel; it also includes an explosion relief mechanism 2, which can be a pressure valve or a communication valve.
  • Pipe, fixed on the box body 7, the explosion venting mechanism 2 is used to release the thermal runaway smoke generated when the battery is thermally runaway; the confluence pipe 3, one end is fixedly connected to the explosion venting mechanism 2, and is used to transport the thermal runaway smoke;
  • An anti-tempering device 5 is also fixedly installed on the pipe 3, which is used to prevent the thermal runaway smoke from being ignited and reversely burned into the manifold 3; the ignition device 4 is fixedly connected to the other end of the manifold 3, and is used to transport the manifold 3
  • the ignition device 4 is a pulse igniter or other electric igniters.
  • the ignition device 4 also includes an air inlet for letting in air to mix with the thermal runaway smoke. When the number of battery packs is greater than 1, the manifold 3 is connected in parallel with the battery packs.
  • the ignition device 4 can be arranged away from the box body 7, so as to prevent the thermal runaway smoke from burning without damaging the battery during ignition.
  • the buffer device 6 is an elastic bag or a pressure vessel, which can carry a certain pressure to prevent the thermal runaway smoke concentration from being too low and unable to be ignited when it reaches the ignition device 4 .
  • the thermal runaway smoke generated when the battery is thermally out of control includes but is not limited to flammable gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane. Therefore, the manifold 3 is made of materials that are resistant to high temperature, high pressure, and corrosion.
  • the gas outlet of the explosion-relief mechanism 2 can be oriented, and can only deliver the thermal runaway smoke from the inside of the box body 7 to the manifold 3, and cannot transport the thermal runaway smoke from the manifold 3 to the box body 7.
  • the thermal runaway smoke generated by the box 7 reaches a certain threshold, it is opened by directional blasting.

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Abstract

本申请提出了一种电池热失控烟气处理装置、处理方法、电池组及电池包，主要解决现有电池热失控烟气处理方式处理不彻底、存在安全隐患以及污染环境的问题。本申请装置主要将电池发生热失控产生的热失控烟气进行点火、燃烧，处理热失控烟气中的可燃成分，使得燃烧后的气体不能被再次引燃，从根本上达到安全的目的，同时也避免了对环境的污染。

Description

电池热失控烟气处理装置、处理方法、电池组及电池包 技术领域
本申请属于电池领域，具体涉及一种电池热失控烟气处理装置、处理方法、电池组及电池包。
背景技术
近年来随着锂离子电池储能领域的进一步发展，锂离子电池的安全使用也受到关注。由于锂离子电池的原理和结构特性，在反复使用过程中常因内阻发热产生较大热量，而且热量会逐渐增加，如果堆积的热量没有得到有效散发，温度会进一步升高。当温度达到极限时，电池的热平衡则被破坏，引发一连串的自加热副反应，产生大量的可燃气体，出现“热失控”现象，最终会导致电池内部着火，严重时引发爆炸，对使用者的人身安全造成隐患。
中国专利申请CN205964755U公开了一种电池箱自动灭火装置，其上感应器、自动控制器、灭火剂容器、传输管道和泄压阀，通过感应器感测电池箱内温度达到极限值时，自动控制器控制灭火剂容器内的灭火器通过传输管道进入电池箱内，将电池箱内明火扑灭，同时将电池芯的暗火熄灭；以上装置虽然能够起到防止电池箱出现爆炸的现象，但是，该装置无法对热失控烟气进行处理，存在一定的安全隐患。
中国专利申请CN209730109U公开了一种电池热流主动抽离装置，其包括用于包裹内部电芯的电池外壳和进行抽吸热流的抽气机构，电池外壳的内部密封且内壁上设置有耐高温的云母挡板，电池外壳外接有排气管，排气管的一端连通至电池外壳的内部，另一端连接至抽气机构，排气管上自前至后依次设置有过滤机构、冷却机构和第一防爆阀，电池外壳上设置有第二防爆阀。上述装置采用主动抽气的方式对热失控的电池进行处理，通过过滤机构和冷却机构过滤和冷却热流，有效控制排放气体温度和质量，但是，该装置也无法彻底对热失控烟气进行处理，排放的热失控烟气对环境还是存在一定的污染。
中国专利申请CN108417757A公开了一种安全型锂电池及其制备方法，该锂电池包括电芯和安全防爆装置，所述安全防爆装置为物料袋，所述物料袋内部设置有气体吸附体，所述气体吸附体为活性炭、分子筛或活性炭与分子筛的混合物，该混合物能够直接对电池喷出的高温物质直接进行吸附。但是采用如活性炭、分子筛等吸附物质吸附时，吸附物质的温度越高其吸附效果越差，如活性炭对气体物质的吸附温度在50℃以下，而电池热失控时喷出气体的温度一般高于300℃，在这一温度下活性炭将失去对气体物质的吸附功能，反而对其吸附的物质有脱附功能。同时，虽然这一温度下吸附物质能吸收气化的电解液，但无法吸附电池热失控时产生的氢气、一氧化碳、甲烷等可燃气体，这些可燃气体仍然存在发生爆炸的危险。
由以上描述可知，现有技术主要是从三方面对热失控烟气进行处理，第一，从电池内部灭火的角度防止产生热失控；第二，对热失控烟气进行集中收集，或者利用惰性气体将热失控烟气与空气/氧气隔离；第三，将电池箱内热失控产生的可燃气体排出电池箱外。但是，以上方式对热失控烟气处理的不够彻底，不能从根本上解决热失控烟气，热失控烟气还是容易引起爆炸或二次燃烧，存在一定的安全隐患，此外，排放的热失控烟气还会对环境造成污染。
发明内容
为解决现有电池热失控烟气处理方式处理不彻底、存在安全隐患以及污染环境的问题，本申请提供一种电池热失控烟气处理装置、处理方法、电池组及电池包。本申请主要将电池发生热失控产生的热失控烟气进行点火、燃烧，处理热失控烟气中的可燃成分，使得燃烧后的气体不能被再次引燃，从根本上达到安全的目的，同时也避免了对环境的污染。
为解决以上问题，本申请提供的技术方案为：
一种电池热失控烟气处理装置，包括烟气点燃装置，所述烟气点燃装置设置在锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端,用于将锂电池或PACK箱热失控排出的热失控烟气点燃。
进一步地，所述烟气点燃装置包括脉冲点火器。
进一步地，还包括触发装置，所述触发装置通过锂电池或PACK箱烟气出口端排出的热失控烟气压力触发烟气点燃装置点火。
进一步地，所述烟气点燃装置和触发装置均设置在锂电池或PACK箱烟气出口端外侧的燃烧腔体内，所述触发装置与烟气出口端相对设置，所述烟气点燃装置设置在触发装置上方，所述燃烧腔体为燃烧箱的内腔，所述燃烧箱与锂电池或PACK箱固定连接。
进一步地，所述触发装置包括压力塞，所述压力塞设置在锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端。
进一步地，所述触发装置包括纵向滑杆和触发块，所述纵向滑杆和触发块均置于燃烧箱的内腔中，所述纵向滑杆与锂电池或PACK箱固定连接；所述触发块套接在纵向滑杆的外侧，并与纵向滑杆滑动连接；所述触发块与锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端相对设置，所述烟气点燃装置设置在触发块上方。
进一步地，所述触发块的下端面为内凹的弧形面，所述弧形面与锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端相对设置,所述触发块为隔火材料制成，所述触发块的底部设置有弧形槽，所述弧形槽与锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端相对设置。
进一步地，所述触发装置还包括限位块和弹性复位件，所述限位块固定连接在纵向滑杆的顶部，所述限位块通过弹性复位件与触发块连接，所述限位块通过安装架与烟气点燃装置固定连接。
进一步地，所述烟气点燃装置的底部设置有按压开关，所述按压开关与触发块相对设置,所述触发块的顶部设置有顶块，所述顶块与按压开关相对设置。
进一步地，还包括阻燃隔热板，所述燃烧箱和纵向滑杆均通过阻燃隔热板与锂电池或PACK箱固定连接，所述阻燃隔热板上设置有连通孔，所述燃烧箱通过阻燃隔热板上的连通孔与烟气出口端连通，所述烟气出口端处设置有泄压组件，所述泄压组件贯穿阻燃隔热板并延伸至燃烧箱的燃烧腔体中；所述燃烧箱的顶部开口。
进一步地，所述烟气点燃装置包括排气筒、若干排气嘴、压力阀、点火开关和点火装置；若干排气嘴分别与所述排气筒固定连接形成热失控烟气的排气通道；所述压力阀与所述点火开关设置在所述排气通道内，所述压力阀包括活塞，所述压力阀在常压时密封所述排气通道，使排气通道保持关闭；所述压力阀内的活塞被气压推动发生移动，所述排气通道开启，同时所述压力阀抵压所述点火开关，开启所述点火装置；当电池产生热失控烟气时，随着气压逐渐增大，若干压力阀内的活塞依次被推动，所述点火开关依次开启，启动所述点火装置，点燃所述热失控烟气。
进一步地，所述排气筒内还设置有防回火阀，所述压力阀设置有密封垫。
进一步地，所述排气筒和所述排气嘴分别固定设置在固定筒上形成气体通道，以使热失控烟气从排气筒、固定筒、排气嘴依次通过。
进一步地，所述压力阀固定设置在固定筒与排气嘴的连接处内，所述压力阀设置有一凸起，所述点火开关设置在所述排气嘴内，当所述压力阀的活塞发生移动，所述凸起抵压所述点火开关，所述点火装置被开启。
进一步地，所述点火装置为脉冲点火器。
进一步地，所述烟气点燃装置包括第一排气管、第二排气管、点火装置和磁力开关；所述第二排气管、磁力开关和点火装置均为N个，N为大于等于1的整数；N个第二排气管的进口均与第一排气管的出口连接；N个点火装置设置在第二排气管的出口处，用于点燃第二排气管排出的热失控烟气；N个磁力开关一一对应设置在N个第二排气管上，用于在热失控烟气通过第二排气管时发送电信号给点火装置，使得点火装置开启点燃所述热失控烟气。
进一步地，所述磁力开关为机械式磁力开关、重力式磁力开关、磁力式磁力开关中的一种，所述磁力开关为常闭开关。
进一步地，还包括N个排气嘴，所述排气嘴为锥形管结构，N个排气嘴的大端一一对应连接在N个第二排气管的出口，N个点火装置一一对应设置在N个排气嘴的小端出口。
进一步地，所述第一排气管上设置有防回火阀，用于防止热失控烟气回流，所述防回火阀为单向阀，所述点火装置为脉冲点火器，所述脉冲点火器的点火头通过支架设置在第二排气管上，所述脉冲点火器的电池或交流电接口设置在电源箱内，所述脉冲点火器的信号线通过防水接头与电源箱的密封连接。
进一步地，所述烟气点燃装置包括燃烧腔、点火装置以及触发装置，所述点火装置设置于燃烧腔内，所述燃烧腔用于储存电池发生热失控时产生的热失控烟气，所述触发装置与点火装置连接，所述触发装置根据热失控烟气的压力和/或温度触发点火装置将热失控烟气点燃。
进一步地，所述触发装置为压力开关和/或温控开关或电接头压力表。
进一步地，还包括热失控烟气排出管，所述燃烧腔通过热失控烟气排出管与电池的电解液腔连接；所述热失控烟气排出管的管腔内设置有泄爆装置，当触发装置为压力开关和/或温控开关时，所述压力开关和/或温控开关设置在泄爆装置与燃烧腔之间，且所述压力开关与温控开关之间并联或串联；当触发装置为电接头压力表时，所述电接头压力表设置在电池的电解液腔与燃烧腔之间，所述电接头压力表的触动压力小于泄爆装置的泄爆压力。
进一步地，所述点火装置包括点火器和电源，所述点火器置于燃烧腔内部，所述电源设置在燃烧腔的内部或外部；所述电源与点火器和触发装置电连接，所述触发装置与点火器电连接。
进一步地，还包括设置在热失控烟气排出管与燃烧腔之间的防回火装置以及设置在燃烧腔顶部的防风罩，所述燃烧腔的腔壁上设置有进气口，所述进气口用于给燃烧腔内补充助燃气，所述燃烧腔的腔壁上设置有出气孔，所述出气孔用于排出燃烧后剩余的气体。
进一步地，所述烟气点燃装置包括点火器、触发装置和烟气管道；所述触发装置包括控制电路板和传感器，所述传感器设置在烟气管道或电池壳体上，其输出端与控制电路板连接，用于电池热失控时输出信号给控制电路板，所述控制电路板根据所述信号输出点火电流；所述点火器为电弧式点火器或电阻丝 点火器，所述点火器设置在烟气管道上，能够在控制电路板输出的点火电流下点燃烟气管道排出的热失控烟气。
进一步地，所述电阻丝点火器包括点火器壳体和电阻丝；所述点火器壳体内设置有与烟气管道连通的点火腔，所述电阻丝设置在点火腔内，且电阻丝的两端与点火器壳体外部的控制电路板连接。
进一步地，所述电弧式点火器包括点火器壳体、第一电极丝和第二电极丝；所述点火器壳体内设置有与烟气管道连通的点火腔，所述第一电极丝的一端和第二电极丝的一端设置在点火腔内，且二者之间设置有电离间隙，所述第一电极丝和第二电极丝的另一端设置在点火器壳体外，与控制电路板连接。
进一步地，所述电弧式点火器和电阻丝点火器还包括陶瓷压环和陶瓷压圈，所述陶瓷压环内设置有环形凹槽，所述电阻丝、第一电极丝或第二电极丝设置在环形凹槽内，且被陶瓷压圈压紧。
进一步地，所述控制电路板上设置有振荡电路，用于将直流电转为交流电，所述电弧式点火器与控制电路板之间设置有升压线圈，用于将控制电路板输出的交流电进行升压输送给第一电极丝和第二电极丝。
进一步地，所述触发装置包括压力传感器、气体传感器或温度传感器中的至少一种。
进一步地，还包括冷却吸附单元；所述冷却吸附单元包括N个依次串联的罐体，N个罐体内填充有冷却材料和/或吸附材料，用于对电池热失控烟气进行冷却和/或吸附，N为大于等于1的整数；所述烟气点燃装置设置于第N个罐体的出口端，用于对经过冷却和/或吸附后的热失控烟气进行点燃。
进一步地，N个所述罐体线性排布为一排，或者线性排布为U形，或者线性排布为V形,或者线性排布为L形，每个罐体内设置有X个多孔板,相邻的两个多孔板与罐体内壁形成冷却吸附腔，所述冷却材料和/或吸附材料填充在部分冷却吸附腔或全部冷却吸附腔内，X为大于等于2的整数，相邻多孔板通过连接杆轴向连接。
进一步地，相邻的罐体通过弯管或软管串联，所述弯管内形成电池热失控烟气通过的缓冲回流腔，第N个所述罐体上还固定设置有防回火单元，第N个罐体与烟气点燃装置之间还设有收集单元，所述烟气点燃装置包括脉冲点火器；所述烟气点燃装置还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合点燃。
进一步地，还包括储气舱，所述储气舱内设置有隔板，以分隔所述储气舱为密闭的第一舱室和第二舱室；所述第一舱室包括进气管，以使热失控烟气进入所述第一舱室；所述第二舱室包括排气管，以排出热失控烟气；所述烟气点燃装置包括点火装置、触发装置和点火开关，所述点火装置设置在排气管出口处；所述隔板上设置有泄压阀，以使热失控烟气通过泄压阀从第一舱室进入第二舱室；所述触发装置和点火开关设置在储气舱上，所述触发装置穿设所述隔板，可被气压推动，所述点火开关设置在所述第二舱室内，可被所述触发装置触发启动；当所述第一舱室的气体压力达到第一阈值P 1时，所述热失控烟气通过所述泄压阀进入第二舱室，并通过所述排气管到达出口处；当所述第一舱室的气体压力达到第二阈值P 2时，所述触发装置与所述点火开关相抵触，所述点火开关启动所述点火装置，燃烧所述热失控烟气，且所述第一阈值P 1的数值不小于第二阈值P 2的数值。
进一步地，所述隔板上设置有密封垫，以使第一舱室和第二舱室保持气密性，所述排气管出口设置有止回流量阀，以控制热失控烟气流量，所述点火装置为脉冲点火器。
进一步地，所述排气管设置至少两个排气嘴，所述点火装置包括至少两个点火头，所述储气舱外设置有支撑座，用于安装所述点火装置。
进一步地，还包括储气舱；所述储气舱包括进气口和排气口，以输入和排出热失控烟气；所述烟气点燃装置固定设置于储气舱外的排气口处；所述储气舱由可移动隔板分隔为独立的第一舱室和第二舱室，所述进气口设置于第一舱室内，所述排气口设置于第二舱室上；所述第二舱室内还设置有开关组件，所述开关组件包括点火开关；当第一舱室气压增大，所述可移动隔板被第一舱室 内气压推动，抵压所述点火开关，启动点火装置，并使所述排气口至少部分暴露于所述第一舱室，以排出所述热失控烟气。
进一步地，所述第一舱室和/或第二舱室设置有弹性组件，所述弹性组件抵持在所述第一舱室和/第二舱室与所述可移动隔板之间，所述可移动隔板上设置有密封垫，以使所述第一舱室和所述第二舱室保持气密性，所述排气口设置为管道，所述管道上固定有止回流量阀，以控制热失控烟气流量，所述点火装置为脉冲点火器。
进一步地，所述储气舱为一筒体，所述可移动隔板包括底座和凸起，所述凸起可插入所述进气口，以使在常压下保持进气口密闭，所述底座沿所述筒体的轴向移动且与所述筒体之间具有缝隙，以使所述热失控烟气通过；所述底座上还设置有所述开关组件，当所述热失控烟气通过所述进气口，因压力增大所述凸起被顶起，同时所述开关组件被抵压，以启动所述点火装置，点燃所述热失控烟气。
进一步地，还包括报警组件；所述烟气点燃装置包括排气管、触发装置和点火装置，所述触发装置设置在排气管上，用于在热失控烟气通过排气管时启动点火装置，所述点火装置设置在排气管的出口端，用于点燃排气管内的热失控烟气；所述报警组件用于在点火装置启动时发出报警信号。
进一步地，所述报警组件设置在烟气点燃装置上，包括声音报警装置和/或灯光报警装置，所述声音报警装置为蜂鸣器，所述灯光报警装置为闪烁灯，所述闪烁灯为红色闪烁灯或黄色闪烁灯。
进一步地，所述排气管包括第一排气管和第二排气管；所述第二排气管、触发装置和点火装置均为N个；N个第二排气管的进口均与第一排气管的出口连接；N个点火装置设置在第二排气管的出口处；N个触发装置一一对应设置在N个第二排气管上，N个为大于等于1的整数，所述排气管或第二排气管上设置有顶盖，所述顶盖与排气管或第二排气管铰接，能够在热失控烟气通过时打开，或者，所述排气管或第二排气管上设置有密封塞，所述密封塞设置在排气管或第 二排气管的出口，能够在热失控烟气通过时被顶出。
本申请还提供一种电池组，包括泄爆机构、汇流管、点火装置和至少一个单体电池；所述泄爆机构固定在所述单体电池上，以释放单体电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气；所述汇流管固定连接在所述泄爆机构上，以传送所述热失控烟气；所述点火装置与所述汇流管固定连接，以将所述汇流管输送的热失控烟气点燃，所述点火装置为上述任一所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置。
进一步地，还包括缓冲装置，所述缓冲装置设置在所述点火装置之前，所述缓冲装置上设置有泄压阀，所述汇流管上还固定设置有防回火装置，所述缓冲装置为弹性袋或压力容器，所述点火装置还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合点燃。
本申请还提供一种一种电池包，包括箱体、泄爆机构、汇流管、点火装置以及置于所述箱体内的若干锂离子电池；所述泄爆机构固定在所述箱体上，以释放锂离子电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气；所述汇流管固定连接在所述泄爆机构上，以传送所述热失控烟气；所述点火装置与所述汇流管固定连接，以将所述汇流管输送的热失控烟气点燃，所述点火装置为上述任一所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置。
进一步地，所述汇流管上还固定设置有防回火装置，所述锂离子电池还包括缓冲装置，所述缓冲装置设置在点火装置之前；所述缓冲装置上还设置有泄压阀。
进一步地，所述点火装置为脉冲点火器；所述点火装置还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合点燃。
本申请还提供一种电池热失控烟气的处理方法，包括以下步骤：电池热失控产生的烟气在排放于大气前经过点燃处理。
进一步地，电池热失控产生的烟气在排放于大气前经过上述任一所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置进行点燃处理。
进一步地，电池热失控产生的烟气在排放于大气前经过点燃处理具体为： 在锂电池或PACK箱内排出烟气压力的作用下推动触发装置向烟气点燃装置靠近，直至触发装置触发烟气点燃装置将烟气点燃。
进一步地，具体包括以下步骤：在锂电池或PACK箱内排出烟气压力的作用下将压力塞推出烟气出口端，并使压力塞向烟气点燃装置上的按压开关靠近，直至压力塞将按压开关打开，使得烟气点燃装置将烟气点燃；或者，具体包括以下步骤：在锂电池或PACK箱内排出烟气压力的作用下推动触发块向烟气点燃装置靠近，直至触发块上的顶块触发烟气点燃装置上的按压开关打开，使得烟气点燃装置将烟气点燃；在烟气出口端排出的烟气压力变小时，触发块在弹性复位件的作用下恢复初始状态。
与现有技术相比，本申请的有益效果在于：
1.本申请在锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端设置烟气点燃装置，通过烟气点燃装置对锂电池或PACK箱排出的烟气进行燃烧，将热失控烟气中的可燃气体的燃尽，再排至大气中，有效避免了爆炸或二次燃烧的可能，同时，也防止了热失控烟气对环境产生的污染。
2.本申请将烟气点燃装置设置在锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端外侧，方便对锂电池或PACK箱排出的热失控烟气进行点燃，实现热失控烟气的有序处理，从而控制了热失控烟气中可燃成分的含量，防止产生爆炸；烟气点燃装置设置在燃烧腔体内，通过燃烧腔体收集烟气出口端排出的烟气，燃烧腔体可对烟气进行集中收集后点燃。触发装置与烟气出口端相对设置，触发装置在烟气出口端排出的烟气气压推动下向烟气点燃装置靠近，触发烟气点燃装置的开关，促使烟气点燃装置对烟气中的可燃成分进行燃烧，燃烧之后的气体再排入大气，避免了可燃气体对大气产生污染；同时也避免了可燃气体在锂电池或PACK箱内聚集，发生爆炸、火灾等危险事件。
3.本申请触发装置包括压力塞，压力塞在烟气的瞬时压力作用下从烟气出口端弹出，并向烟气点燃装置靠近，从而触发烟气点燃装置将烟气点燃，使用压力塞只要烟气压力达到极限压力值时就可打开，操作易控制。
4.本申请触发装置包括纵向滑杆和触发块，通过烟气出口端排出的烟气气压推动触发块沿着纵向滑杆的轴向滑动，向烟气点燃装置的开关靠近，并触发烟气点燃装置的开关，使得烟气点燃装置将烟气点燃。触发装置还包括限位块和弹性复位件，弹性复位件固定连接在纵向滑杆的顶部，通过限位件能够防止在气压过大时，触发块脱离纵向滑杆；限位块通过弹性复位件与触发块连接，弹性复位件能够在触发块将烟气点燃装置的开关触发后恢复至原状。
5.本申请触发块的下端面为内凹的弧形面，弧形面增大了触发块的受力面积；在触发块的底部设置有弧形槽，弧形槽与烟气出口端正对设置；通过弧形槽可对气压进行聚集，增强了气压的推动效果。
6.本申请限位块通过安装架与烟气点燃装置固定连接，通过安装架将烟气点燃装置的位置固定，防止在触发块触发烟气点燃装置的开关时烟气点燃装置发生晃动，影响触发效果；安装架通过卡箍与烟气点燃装置固定连接，通过卡箍能够方便安装架与烟气点燃装置之间进行固定连接。
7.本申请在触发块的顶部设置有顶块，顶块与按压开关相对设置，通过顶块能够更好地触发工作，更加便捷地对烟气点燃装置的开关进行触发。
8.本申请燃烧箱和纵向滑杆均通过阻燃隔热板与锂电池或PACK箱固定连接，通过阻燃隔热板将锂电池或PACK箱与烟气点燃装置的触发装置进行防火、放热隔离，防止燃烧产生的热量对锂电池或PACK箱内正常工作的储能电池产生影响。
9.本申请通过在电池上设置热失控烟气处理装置，将电池热失控时产生的烟气通过排气筒和若干排气嘴释放，在排气筒和排气嘴形成的气体通道内设置若干压力阀和点火开关，当热失控烟气的气压到达阈值时，依次通过所述排气嘴并由所述压力阀通过抵压所述点火开关依次开启点火装置，点燃热失控烟气，该装置结构简单小巧，通过该装置处理电池热失控产生的烟气，安全环保、经济实用、效率高。本装置处理电池热失控烟气，结构简单、安装方便、安全环保、效率高。
10.本申请电池热失控烟气处理装置能够点燃热失控产生的烟气，避免排放的热失控烟气对大气产生污染；同时也避免了热失控烟气在电池内聚集，发生爆炸、火灾等危险事件，使得电池安全性大幅提升。该电池热失控烟气处理装置通过磁力开关启动点火装置，磁力开关通过永磁铁和感应器来输出信号，进而触发点火装置，该磁力开关灵敏度较高，只要热失控烟气通过第二排气管时即可实现感应和触发，无需较高的感应压力，在热失控烟气通过的初期或初始即可对点火装置进行触发，点火装置对初期或初始的热失控烟气即可进行点燃，避免初期或初始的热失控烟气通过第二排气管泄露，造成环境污染或安全事故，使得电池的安全性有一定提升。
11.本申请电池热失控烟气处理装置包括燃烧腔、点火装置和触发装置，燃烧腔用于储存电池发生热失控时产生的热失控烟气和助燃气体，触发装置用于根据热失控烟气的压力和/或温度触发点火装置将热失控烟气点燃，通过点火装置将燃烧腔内的热失控烟气进行燃烧，降低热失控烟气中可燃成分的浓度或使热失控烟气中可燃成分的浓度为零，确保燃烧后的气体不会引发二次燃烧，从根本上达到阻火的目的，也避免了热失控烟气在电池内部聚集，防止电池发生爆炸，确保电池工作的安全性。
12.本申请电池热失控烟气处理装置还包括热失控烟气排出管，在热失控烟气排出管内设置有泄爆装置，当电池内部发生热失控产生高温和高压时，通过高温和/或高压将泄爆装置打开，通过热失控烟气排出管将电池热失控产生的可燃气体导至燃烧腔内进行燃烧。
13.本申请电池热失控烟气处理装置的点火器为电弧式点火器或电阻丝点火器，电弧式点火器或电阻丝点火器为持续性点火装置，避免外部环境中的风或雨影响点火器的性能，从而避免了不能及时点燃热失控烟气的风险。
14.本申请提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置中，电池热失控烟气经过冷却吸附腔可以降低烟气的温度与流量，提高了净化效果。同时，对电池热失控烟气在前端进行冷却和吸附处理后，使得后端的点火装置的使用寿命增加。
15.本申请提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置中，N个罐体可根据安装空间的要求进行排布，可排布为一排、U形、V形或L形等多种形式，满足各种安装要求，且节省空间，N个罐体可通过弯管进行组装，使得其安装和拆卸方便，适用于现有大部分单体电池和组装电池，且无需对现有电池的结构进行更改，处理成本较低，适用范围较广。
16.本申请提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置中，收集单元可将烟气中的可燃成分收集起来，气体量达到阈值后在出口端进行点燃，若未达到阈值则不启动烟气点燃装置，增加了收集单元作为烟气点燃装置之前的一道防线，提高了安全性。
17.本申请的热失控烟气处理装置，通过设置储气舱和隔板，隔板分隔所储气舱为密闭的第一舱室和第二舱室，将排气口和点火装置设置于第二舱室内，当第一舱室气压增大，隔板上的可移动触发装置抵压点火开关，启动点火装置，第一舱室内的气体通过隔板上的泄压阀排出后被点燃。通过该装置处理电池热失控产生的烟气，安全环保、经济实用、效率高，结构简单、组装方便，成本低廉。
18.本申请通过在电池壳体上设置电池热失控烟气处理装置，将电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气释放到储气舱内，由第一舱室的气压带动可移动隔板，进而触碰第二舱室内的点火开关，将排气口暴露于第一舱室，达到一定浓度的热失控烟气通过排气口排出后被点燃，该装置结构简单小巧，通过该装置处理电池热失控产生的烟气，安全环保、经济实用、效率高。
19.本申请电池热失控烟气处理装置包括烟气点燃装置和报警组件；该装置能够点燃热失控产生的烟气，避免排放的热失控烟气对大气产生污染；同时也避免热失控烟气在电池内聚集，发生爆炸、火灾等危险事件，使得电池安全性大幅提升。同时，该电池热失控烟气处理装置上设置有报警组件，报警组件能够在点火装置启动时发出报警信号，产生警示作用，使得工作人员能够及时对热失控电池进行处理，同时该报警组件能够对发生热失控电池的位置进行准确 定位，使得工作人员进行准确及时的处理。
20.本申请电池组、电池包在电池上设置泄爆机构和汇流管，将电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气定向释放并利用汇流管排出，再设置点火装置，将热失控烟气燃烧处理的方式，解决了电池热失控时产生热失控烟气无处排放而引发火灾的风险，相比现有技术结构简单，安全环保，效率高。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例1中电池热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例1中触发装置与锂电池或PACK箱的连接示意图；
图3为本申请实施例3中触发装置的结构示意图一；
图4为图3中A部位的局部放大示意图；
图5为本申请实施例3中触发装置的结构示意图二；
图6本申请实施例8中热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图一；
图7本申请实施例8中热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图二；
图8为本申请实施例8中热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图三；
图9为本申请实施例9中电池壳体的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例9中电池壳体的剖面结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例10中电池热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例10中磁力开关结构示意图一；
图13为本申请实施例10中磁力开关结构示意图二。
图14为本申请实施例12中烟气点火装置的结构示意图；
图15为本申请实施例13中烟气点火装置的结构示意图；
图16为本申请实施例14中烟气点火装置的结构示意图；
图17为本申请实施例15中烟气点火装置的结构示意图；
图18为本申请实施例16中电池热失控烟气处理装置结构示意图一；
图19为本申请实施例16中电弧式点火器的剖视图；
图20为本申请实施例16中电弧式点火器的俯视图；
图21为本申请实施例16中电池热失控烟气处理装置结构示意图二；
图22为本申请实施例16中电阻丝点火器的剖视图；
图23为本申请实施例16中电阻丝点火器的俯视图；
图24为本申请实施例16中烟气管道的结构示意图；
图25为本申请实施例16中电池组的结构示意图一；
图26为本申请实施例16中电池组的结构示意图二；
图27为本申请实施例17中电池热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图一；
图28为本申请实施例17中电池热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图二；
图29为本申请实施例17中电池热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图三；
图30为本申请实施例17中电池热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图四；
图31为本申请实施例18中热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图；
图32为本申请实施例18中热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图；
图33为本申请实施例19中电池壳体的结构示意图；
图34为本申请实施例20中热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图一；
图35为本申请实施例20中热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图二；
图36为本申请实施例21中电池壳体的结构示意图；
图37为本申请实施例22中热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图一；
图38为本申请实施例22中热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图二；
图39为本申请实施例22中热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图三；
图40为本申请实施例22中电池壳体的结构示意图；
图41为本申请实施例23中电池热失控烟气处理装置结构示意图一；
图42为本申请实施例23中电池热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图二；
图43为本申请实施例23中电池热失控烟气处理装置的结构示意图三；
图44为本申请实施例24中锂离子电池组的示意图；
图45为本申请实施例24中锂离子电池组脉冲点火器的示意图；
图46为本申请实施例25中锂离子电池组的示意图；
图47为本申请实施例26中锂离子电池组的示意图；
图48为本申请实施例27中电池包的示意图；
图49为本申请实施例28中电池包的示意图；
图50为本申请实施例29中电池包的示意图。
附图标记：11-锂电池或PACK箱，12-泄压阀，13-燃烧箱，131-阻燃隔热板，14-纵向滑杆，15-烟气点燃装置，151-按压开关，16-触发块，161-下端面，162-弧形槽，163-通孔，164-顶块，17-限位块，18-安装架，181-卡箍，19-复位弹簧；21-电池壳体，211-泄爆口，24-烟气处理装置，241-排气筒，242-排气嘴，243-点火开关，244-点火装置，245-压力阀，2451-密封垫，2452-凸起，246-防回火阀，247-固定筒，248-安装部，249-支撑座；31-第一排气管，32-第二排气管，33-点火装置，34-磁力开关，35-排气嘴，36-防回火阀，37-支架，38-电源箱，39-防水接头，331-点火头，332-信号线，341-感应器，342-磁力阀芯；41-热失控烟气排出管，42-燃烧腔，43-脉冲点火器，44-电源，45-进气口，46-防风罩，47-出气孔，48-防回火装置，49-压力开关，410-泄爆装置，411-泄爆膜，412-温控开关；51-点火器，52-触发装置，53-烟气管道，54-三通管，55-电池，56-泄爆口或泄爆管，57-汇流管，511-电弧式点火器，512-电阻丝点火器，5111-点火器壳体，5112-第一电极丝，5113-第二电极丝，5114-点火腔，5115-电离间隙，5116-陶瓷压环，5117-陶瓷压圈，5118-升压线圈，5121-电阻丝，521-控制电路板，522-传感器，531-烟气主管，532-烟气支管；61-冷却吸附单元，62-烟气点燃装置，63-罐体，64-弯管，65-收集单元；71-储气舱，72-点火装置，75-止回流量阀，77-隔板，78-泄压阀，79-支撑部，713-安装部，711-进气口，712-排气口，721-点火开关，722-触发装置，731-第一舱室，732-第二舱室；81-储气舱，82-点火装置，84-弹性组件，85-止回流量阀，86-安装部，87-可移动隔板，88-支撑座，811-进气口，812-排气口，821-点火开关，831-第一舱室，832-第二舱室，871-稳定座，8121-管道，8122-排气嘴，810-电池热失控烟气处理装置，8211-安装座，822-触动块，871-凸起，872-底座， 91-排气管，92-触发装置，93-点火装置，94-报警组件，95-顶盖，96-防回火装置，97-点火头，98-支架，99-电源箱，910-电路板，911-第一排气管，912-第二排气管；1-单体电池，2-泄爆机构，3-汇流管，4-点火装置，5-防回火装置，6-缓冲装置，7-箱体，8-点火器，9-进气口，10-泄压阀。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本申请的技术方案进行进一步地解释说明，但本申请并不限于以下说明的实施方式。
本申请主要提供一种电池热失控烟气处理装置、处理方法、电池组及电池包，该电池热失控烟气处理装置包括烟气点燃装置，本申请对烟气点燃装置的结构不做要求，只要其能够将电池发生热失控产生的热失控烟气进行点烧，使得燃烧后的气体不能被再次引燃即可，下面对本申请提供的各种结构的烟气点燃装置进行详细描述和举例。
实施例1
如图1至图4所示，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置设置在锂电池或PACK箱11的烟气出口端，其包括烟气点燃装置15，烟气点燃装置15将锂电池或PACK箱11热失控排出的烟气点燃。其中，锂电池为单个电池，PACK箱是由多个锂电池之间进行串并联形成的大容量电池。本实施例的烟气点燃装置15可以是压电式点火器或脉冲点火器。优选的，该烟气点燃装置15为脉冲点火器。
本实施例的电池热失控烟气处理装置还包括触发装置，触发装置通过锂电池或PACK箱11烟气出口端排出的烟气压力触发烟气点燃装置15点火。烟气点燃装置15和触发装置均设置在锂电池或PACK箱11烟气出口端外侧的燃烧腔体内，触发装置与烟气出口端相对设置，烟气点燃装置15设置在触发装置上方。
本实施例的燃烧腔体是燃烧箱13的内腔、燃烧袋的内腔或其他容器形成的内腔。优选的，燃烧腔体是燃烧箱13的内腔，燃烧箱13与锂电池或PACK箱11的顶部端面固定连接。优选的，燃烧箱13是由金属材质制成或耐高温的塑料材质制成。
本实施例的烟气出口端处设置有泄压组件，泄压组件贯穿阻燃隔热板131并延伸至燃烧箱13的燃烧腔体中。泄压组件可以是泄压阀12或泄爆膜。优选的，本实施例的泄压组件为泄压阀12。燃烧箱13为顶部和底部均开口的筒状结构，其可以是圆筒状结构、柱形筒状结构、锥形筒状结构或其他形状的筒状结构。优选的，本实施例的燃烧箱13为圆筒状结构，顶部开口可以将燃尽的气体及时排出，防止燃烧箱13内由于气体聚集导致压力过大，产生爆炸的危险。
实施例2
在实施例1的基础上，本实施例电池热失控烟气处理装置中的触发装置为压力塞，压力塞按压在锂电池或PACK箱11的烟气出口端，将锂电池或PACK箱11的内腔密封，在锂电池或PACK箱11的内腔中有烟气排出时，压力塞会被烟气的气压推动顶出，顶出的压力塞用于触发烟气点燃装置15将烟气点燃。
实施例3
如图3至图5所示，在实施例1的基础上，本实施例电池热失控烟气处理装置中的触发装置包括纵向滑杆14和触发块16，纵向滑杆14和触发块16均置于燃烧箱13的燃烧腔体中，纵向滑杆14的底端部与锂电池或PACK箱11的顶部端面固定连接；触发块16套接在纵向滑杆14的外侧，并与纵向滑杆14滑动连接；在触发块16上设置有上下贯通的通孔163，纵向滑杆14穿过通孔163套设在纵向滑杆14的外侧，并与纵向滑杆14滑动连接，即触发块16可沿着纵向滑杆14的轴向滑动；触发块16与烟气出口端相对设置，烟气点燃装置15设置在触发块16的上方。优选的，本实施例的纵向滑杆14有两根，分别设置在烟气出口端的上方两侧，两根纵向滑杆14能够提升触发块16滑动的稳定性。
本实施例的烟气点燃装置15底部设置有按压开关151，按压开关151与触发块16相对设置，通过触发块16触发打开按压开关，使烟气点燃装置15点火。优选的，本实施例的烟气点燃装置15是脉冲点火器。
本实施例中的触发装置还包括限位块17和弹性复位件，限位块17固定连接在纵向滑杆14的顶部，限位块17的底部端面与弹性复位件的一端部固定连接，弹性复位件的另一端部与触发块16固定连接，限位块17与烟气点燃装置固定连接。弹性复位件为复位弹簧19或弹性垫块，弹性垫块可以是橡胶或塑料材质。优选的，本实施例的弹性复位件为复位弹簧19。
优选的，本实施例的按压开关151的底部端面位于限位块17的底部端面下方，能够方便触发块16与按压开关151接触，提高触发效率。优选的，本实施例的触发块16由阻燃材质(隔火材料)制成。优选的，本实施例的触发块16为内部中空的结构，能够减轻触发块16的重量，使得触发块16更容易被推动。优选的，本实施例的触发块16的下端面161为中心部位内凹的弧形面，弧形面与烟气出口端相对设置。优选的，本实施例在触发块16的底部设置有横截面为矩形的弧形槽162，弧形槽162与烟气出口端正对设置。优选的，本实施例的触发块16为隔火材料制成，用于防止火苗回流至锂电池或PACK箱11内。
实施例4
如图4所示，在实施例3的基础上，本实施例电池热失控烟气处理装置在限位块17上固定安装有安装架18，在安装架18上与烟气点燃装置15对应的两端部设置有卡箍181，通过卡箍181对烟气点燃装置15进行固定，防止烟气点燃装置15的按压开关151在触发的过程中烟气点燃装置15产生晃动。
实施例5
如图1和图4所示，在实施例4的基础上，本实施例电池热失控烟气处理装置在触发块16的顶部一体化固定设置有顶块164，顶块164与按压开关151相对设置。同时，该电池热失控烟气处理装置还包括阻燃隔热板131，阻燃隔热板131固定连接在锂电池或PACK箱11的顶部端面上，燃烧箱13和纵向滑杆14均通过阻燃隔热板131与锂电池或PACK箱11固定连接，燃烧箱13的底部端面与阻燃隔热板 131的顶部端面固定连接，纵向滑杆14的顶部端面与阻燃隔热板131的顶部端面固定连接，在阻燃隔热板131上设置有连通孔，燃烧箱13通过阻燃隔热板131上的连通孔与烟气出口端连通；通过阻燃隔热板131对锂电池或PACK箱11与烟气点燃装置和触发装置之间进行防火、防热隔离；烟气出口端处设置有泄压组件，泄压组件贯穿阻燃隔热板131并延伸至燃烧箱13的燃烧腔体中；燃烧箱13的顶部开口。优选的，本实施例的阻燃隔热板131为橡塑板、发泡防火板或防火岩棉板。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种电池热失控烟气的处理方法，包括以下步骤：电池热失控产生的烟气在排放于大气前经过点燃处理。
本申请方法能够很好地防止可燃气体在锂电池或PACK箱11内聚集，导致锂电池或PACK箱11内发生爆炸，着火的风险；同时燃烧箱13内的烟气中的可燃气体被燃烧尽再排入大气，防止对大气产生污染。
实施例7
本实施例提供一种电池热失控烟气的处理方法，包括以下步骤：电池热失控产生的烟气在排放于大气前经过点燃处理。该电池热失控烟气的处理方法，其是在锂电池或PACK箱11内排出烟气压力的作用下推动触发装置向烟气点燃装置15靠近，直至触发装置触发烟气点燃装置15将烟气点燃，燃烧后的烟气排放于大气。其具体包括以下步骤：当锂电池或PACK箱11内聚集大量可燃气体，气体压力达到极限时，锂电池或PACK箱11内会排出烟气，在排出烟气的瞬时压力作用下将压力塞推出烟气出口端，并使压力塞向烟气点燃装置15上的按压开关151靠近，直至压力塞碰撞按压开关151，并将按压开关151打开，使得烟气点燃装置15将烟气点燃；烟气被点燃后燃尽的气体从燃烧箱13的顶部排出。或者，具体包括以下步骤：1)当锂电池或PACK箱11内聚集大量可燃气体，气体压力达到极限时，烟气出口端处的泄压阀12或泄爆膜被打开，烟气沿着烟气出口端排 出，利用烟气出口端处排出烟气的瞬时压力推动触发块16向烟气点燃装置15靠近，直至触发块16上的顶块164与烟气点燃装置15上的按压开关151碰撞，并触发按压开关151动作，使烟气点燃装置15将烟气点燃，烟气被点燃后燃尽的气体从燃烧箱13的顶部排出；2)在烟气的瞬时压力释放掉，烟气出口端排出的烟气压力变小时，触发块16在弹性复位件的作用下恢复初始状态。
实施例8
如图6至图8所示，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置包括排气筒241、若干排气嘴242、点火开关243、点火装置244和压力阀245，排气嘴242分别与排气筒241固定连接形成热失控烟气的排气通道；压力阀245与点火开关243设置在排气通道内，压力阀245在常压时密封排气通道，使排气通道保持关闭，在高压时，压力阀245内的活塞被气压推动发生移动，排气通道开启，同时压力阀245抵压点火开关243，开启点火装置244；当电池产生热失控烟气时，随着气压逐渐增大，若干压力阀245内的活塞依次被推动，点火开关243依次开启，启动点火装置244，点燃热失控烟气。排气筒241内还设置有防回火阀246。压力阀245设置有密封垫2451。排气筒241和排气嘴242分别固定设置在固定筒247上，形成气体通道，以使热失控烟气从排气筒241、固定筒247、排气嘴242依次通过。
本实施例的压力阀245固定设置在固定筒247与排气嘴242的连接处内，压力阀245设置有一凸起2452，点火开关243设置在排气嘴内242，当压力阀245的活塞发生移动，凸起2452抵压点火开关243，点火装置244被开启。点火装置244为脉冲点火器，点火装置244由支撑座249固定安装在排气筒241上，上述电池热失控烟气处理装置还包括安装部248，以安装在电池壳体上。
实施例9
如图9和图10所示，本实施例提供一种电池壳体21，包括实施例8中的电池热失控烟气处理装置24。电池壳体21通过泄爆口211连接电池热失控烟气处理装 置24的安装部248。当电池数量较多时，利用汇流管并联多个电池，将汇流管通过安装部248与热失控烟气处理装置连接。当电池组的任一单体电池发生热失控，产生热失控烟气则通过汇流管排放至热失控烟气处理装置进行处理，该装置结构简单，安全、体积小、环保、效率高。本实施例还提供一种电池箱和电池，包括实施例8中的电池热失控烟气处理装置24。
实施例10
如图11至图13所示，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置包括第一排气管31、第二排气管32、点火装置33、排气嘴35和磁力开关34；第二排气管32、排气嘴35、磁力开关34和点火装置33均至少为一个；第二排气管32的进口均与第一排气管31的出口连接；点火装置33设置在第二排气管32的出口处，用于点燃第二排气管32排出的热失控烟气；多个磁力开关34一一对应设置在第二排气管32上，用于在热失控烟气通过第二排气管32时发送电信号给点火装置33，使得点火装置33开启点燃热失控烟气。磁力开关34为机械式磁力开关、重力式磁力开关或磁力式磁力开关。该磁力开关34可为常闭开关，能够密封第一排气管31，避免外部的水汽或杂质进入第一排气管31内。上述排气嘴35具体可为锥形管结构，排气嘴35的大端一一对应连接在多个第二排气管32的出口端，多个点火装置33一一对应设置在排气嘴35的小端出口，即锥形排气嘴的大端与第二排气管32连接，点火装置33设置在锥形排气嘴35的小端，该种结构的排气嘴35可使得排出的热失控烟气均能够被点火装置33点燃，对热失控烟气的燃烧更加充分，避免部分热失控烟气通过第二排气管32的出口边缘泄露。此外，还可在第一排气管31上设置防回火阀36，用于防止第一排气管311和第二排气管32内的热失控烟气回流，该防回火阀36具体为单向阀，单向阀结构简单，安装方便。
本实施例的电池热失控烟气处理装置中，第二排气管32、磁力开关34和点火装置33的数量至少为一个，第二排气管32为一个时，可与第一排气管31共用管道，即第二排气管32和第一排气管31为一个管道。具体安装使用时，第二排 气管32和点火装置33的数量可根据电池的数量和需求进行设置，可设置为2个、3个或4个等，设置为2个及以上可保证点燃的可靠性，当某一个点火装置33失效或发生故障时，其他点火装置33能够正常进行工作。上述点火装置33的结构可为多种，例如具体可采用脉冲点火器等，脉冲点火器的供电方式可根据现场环境采用干电池或交流电。磁力开关34的结构也可为多种，只要能够在热失控烟气通过时启动点火装置33即可，例如可为机械式磁力开关、重力式磁力开关或磁力式磁力开关。
为使得点火装置33的安装更加可靠，同时保证其使用的安全性，可将点火装置33的点火头331通过支架37设置在第二排气管32上，本装置的烟气点火头331要距离磁力开关34上端部20厘米以上，避免因燃烧金属烟气点燃管传热将磁力开关34烤坏。脉冲点火器的干电池或交流电接口设置在电源箱38内，脉冲点火器的信号线332通过防水接头39与电源箱38的密封连接。该脉冲点火器通过自带干电池提供电源，可以持续脉冲打火3小时以上，再配合常开磁力感应开关，当热失控烟气通过时输出脉冲信号，点燃可燃气体。磁力开关34原理是通过气流或水流推动开关内的磁力阀芯342，使得磁力阀芯342上的永磁磁铁靠近开关外黑色开关上的感应器341来输出信号，当无气体或者水流时开关内的两块永磁铁通过斥力来复位关闭，弹簧式开关借助弹簧的弹力复位关闭开关，重力式是借助重力向心力作用复位，但重力式开关需竖直安装，感应器341的信号线332穿过电源箱38，与电源箱38内脉冲点火器的控制电路连接，进而控制点火装置33的点火头331点火。
本实施例的装置采用磁力式开关加脉冲点火的组合处理电池热失控后的烟气点燃，烟气主要可燃成分为氢气、一氧化碳、碳氢化合物与气化状态的电解液，在脉冲点火器点然后可以完全燃烧，生成无害产物。该装置能够点燃热失控产生的烟气，避免热失控烟气对大气产生污染，同时也避免了热失控烟气在锂电池内聚集，发生爆炸、火灾等危险事件，使得电池安全性大幅提升。
本申请电池热失控烟气处理装置通过磁力开关34启动点火装置33，磁力开 关34通过磁力阀芯342和感应器341来输出信号，进而触发点火装置33，该磁力开关34相对于压力开关，其灵敏度较高，只要热失控烟气通过第二排气管32时即可实现感应和触发，该开关相对于压力开关，无需较高的感应压力，即在热失控烟气的初期或初始即可感应到，随后可立即触发点火装置33，使得该装置安全性较高，点火装置33对初期或起始的热失控烟气进行点燃，避免初期或起始的热失控烟气通过第二排气管32出口泄露，造成环境污染或安全事故，使得电池的安全性有一定提升。同时，本申请装置结构简单，安装方便，采用现有的装置进行组装即可。
本实施例还提供一种电池组，包括上述电池热失控烟气处理装置、至少一个电池和汇流管，第一排气管31的进口与多个电池壳体的泄爆口或泄爆管通过汇流管连接，即汇流管的一端与多个电池壳体的泄爆口连接，另一端与第一排气管31的进口连接。当一个或多个电池壳体内的电芯发生热失控而导致泄爆口打开，电池内部的高温物质会通过泄爆口或泄爆管进入第一排气管31和第二排气管32，此时磁力开关34感应到热失控烟气后启动点火装置33，点火装置33对热失控烟气进行点燃。为进一步增加安全性，可在电池壳体的泄爆口或泄爆管处连接冷却装置，冷却装置内填充冷却材料，热失控烟气通过冷却和吸附后再通过进行点燃。
实施例11
如图14至图17所示，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置包括燃烧腔42、点火装置以及触发装置，点火装置置于燃烧腔42内，触发装置与点火装置电连接，其中，燃烧腔42与电池内部的电解液腔连接，燃烧腔42用于储存电池发生热失控时产生的热失控烟气，触发装置为压力开关49和/或温控开关412，或者为电接头压力表。触发装置用于根据热失控烟气的压力和/或温度触发点火装置点火，将热失控烟气点燃，降低热失控烟气中的可燃成分，优选的，将热失控烟气中的可燃成分燃尽，防止燃烧完排出的气体发生二次引燃的可能，达 到彻底阻燃的目的。优选的，本实施例的燃烧腔42设置在电池上靠近泄爆口的一侧。优选的，在燃烧腔42内的热失控烟气燃烧时需要向燃烧腔42内不断补充助燃气。同时燃烧腔42内燃烧完剩余的气体需要及时排出。电池热失控烟气处理装置还包括热失控烟气排出管41，燃烧腔42通过热失控烟气排出管41与电池的电解液腔连接；热失控烟气排出管41的管腔内设置有泄爆装置410。
本实施例的点火装置包括点火器和电源44，点火器置于燃烧腔42内部，电源44设置在燃烧腔42的内部或外部；电源44与点火器和触发装置电连接，触发装置与点火器电连接。点火器和电源44的耐受温度大于200℃。点火装置为脉冲点火器43。电池热失控烟气处理装置还包括设置在热失控烟气排出管41与燃烧腔42之间的防回火装置48以及设置在燃烧腔42顶部的防风罩46，通过防回火装置可确保燃烧腔在燃烧热失控烟气时火焰进入电池内部，防风罩能够防止燃烧腔内进风，确保燃烧腔内的热失控烟气充分燃烧。燃烧腔42的腔壁上设置有进气口45，进气口45用于给燃烧腔42内补充助燃气，助燃气为空气。燃烧腔42的腔壁上设置有出气孔47，出气孔47用于排出燃烧后所产生的气体。
本实施例的点火器和电源的耐受温度大于200℃，确保点火器和电源能够耐受热失控烟气的高温。当触发装置为压力开关49和/或温控开关412时，压力开关49和/或温控开关412设置在泄爆装置410与燃烧腔42之间，方便通过热失控烟气排出管内的热失控烟气的高压或高温触发压力开关和/或温控开关导通，继而触发点火器点火；当触发装置为电接头压力表时，电接头压力表的触动压力小于泄爆装置410的泄爆压力，电接头压力表设置在电池的电解液腔与燃烧腔42之间，方便通过电池内部产生的高压直接将电接头压力表导通，继而触发点火器点火。当触发装置为压力开关49和温控开关412时，压力开关49与温控开关412之间并联或串联，当压力开关与温控开关之间并联时，即可通高温导通温控开关或通过高压导通压力开关；当压力开关与温控开关之间串联时，即需要通过高温导通温控开关和通过高压导通压力开关，串联时可有效防止误触。电接头压力表的触动压力小于泄爆装置的泄爆压力，可确保泄爆装置被打开之前电接 头压力表已导通，确保点火装置提前进入点火状态。
实施例12
如图14所示，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置在实施例11的基础上，还包括热失控烟气排出管41，触发装置为压力开关49；热失控烟气排出管41的一端部与电池内部的电解液腔连接，另一端部与燃烧腔42连通，即燃烧腔42通过热失控烟气排出管41与电池内部的电解液腔连接，在热失控烟气排出管41内设置有泄爆装置410；压力开关49设置在泄爆装置410与燃烧腔42之间，点火装置包括点火器和电源44，点火器置于燃烧腔42内部，电源44设置在燃烧腔42的内部或外部，电源44、压力开关49以及点火头自前往后依次串联连接。优选的，本实施例的压力开关49设置在热失控烟气排出管41的出气口处。
本实施例的泄爆装置410为泄爆膜411或泄爆阀，优选的，本实施例的点火器和电源44的耐受温度大于200℃，可耐受燃烧腔42内热失控烟气的高温。优选的，本实施例的点火装置为脉冲点火器43，需要说明的是，本实施例的点火装置还可以是除脉冲点火器43之外的其他点火器。本实施例的电源44为可充放电电源。
本实施例的电池热失控烟气处理装置还包括设置在热失控烟气排出管41与燃烧腔42之间的防回火装置48以及设置在燃烧腔42顶部的防风罩46，防回火装置48可有效防止燃烧腔42内的火焰进入电池内部，确保电池工作的安全性，防风罩46可有效防止燃烧腔42内进风。燃烧腔42的腔壁上设置有进气口45，进气口45用于给燃烧腔42内补充助燃气。优选的，本实施例的助燃气为空气，需要说明的是，助燃气还可以是氧气或其他可以助燃的气体。本实施例的进气口45有两个，分别设置在燃烧腔42上相对的两侧。燃烧腔42的腔壁上设置有出气孔47，出气孔47用于排出燃烧后所产生的气体。本实施例的进气口45设置在燃烧腔42靠近底部的位置，出气孔47设置在燃烧腔42靠近顶部的位置。
实施例13
如图15所示，本实施例电池热失控烟气处理装置在实施例12的基础上，触发装置为温控开关412；温控开关412设置在泄爆装置410与燃烧腔42之间，优选的，本实施例的温控开关412设置在热失控烟气排出管41的出气口处。
实施例14
如图16所示，本实施例电池热失控烟气处理装置在实施例11的基础上，还包括热失控烟气排出管41，其触发装置为压力开关49和温控开关412，热失控烟气排出管41的一端部与电池内部的电解液腔连接，另一端部与燃烧腔42连通，即燃烧腔42通过热失控烟气排出管41与电池内部的电解液腔连接，在热失控烟气排出管41内设置有泄爆装置410；压力开关49和温控开关412设置在泄爆装置410与燃烧腔42之间，点火装置包括点火器和电源44，点火器置于燃烧腔42内部，电源44设置在燃烧腔42的内部或外部，其中，压力开关49设置在热失控烟气排出管41的出气口处，温控开关412设置在燃烧腔42的热失控烟气进气口处；电源44、压力开关49、温控开关412以及点火头自前往后依次串联连接，当压力开关49与温控开关412之间串联时，即需要通过高温导通温控开关412和通过高压导通压力开关49，可有效防止误触。需要说明的是，压力开关49和温控开关412之间还可以并联，当压力开关与温控开关之间并联时，即可通高温导通温控开关或通过高压导通压力开关。
实施例15
如图17所示，在实施例11的基础上，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置在实施例11的基础上，还包括热失控烟气排出管41，触发装置为电接头压力表，热失控烟气排出管41的一端部与电池内部的电解液腔连接，另一端部与燃烧腔42连通，即燃烧腔42通过热失控烟气排出管41与电池内部的电解液腔连接，在热失控烟气排出管41内设置有泄爆装置410；电接头压力表设置在电池的 电解液腔与燃烧腔42之间，具体的在电池的泄爆口处连接三通管，使得泄爆口与三通管的第一个接口连接，三通管的第二个接口通过热失控烟气排出管41与燃烧腔42连通，三通管的第三个接口与电接头压力表连接，电接头压力表与点火头连接，电源44用于给电接头压力表与点火头供电。
本实施例的泄爆装置410为泄爆膜411或泄爆阀，优选的，本实施例的泄爆装置410为泄爆膜411。优选的，本实施例的电接头压力表的触动压力小于泄爆装置410的泄爆压力。优选的，本实施例的点火器和电源44的耐受温度大于200℃，可耐受燃烧腔42内热失控烟气的高温。优选的，本实施例的点火装置为脉冲点火器43，需要说明的是，本实施例的点火装置还可以是除脉冲点火器43之外的其他点火器。
本实施例的燃烧腔42的腔壁上设置有进气口45，进气口45用于给燃烧腔42内补充助燃气。优选的，本实施例的助燃气为空气，需要说明的是，助燃气还可以是氧气或其他可以助燃的气体。优选的，本实施例的进气口45设置在燃烧腔42靠近底部的位置，出气孔47设置在燃烧腔42靠近顶部的位置。优选的，本实施例的进气口45有两个，分别设置在燃烧腔42上相对的两侧。燃烧腔42的腔壁上设置有出气孔47，出气孔47用于排出燃烧后所产生的气体。
本申请一种电池热失控烟气处理装置，其工作原理为：在电池内部发生热失控时，电池内部的压力和温度急剧上升，电池内部的高压将泄爆装置410打开，热失控产生的热失控烟气通过热失控烟气排出管41排至燃烧腔42内，同时向燃烧腔42内通过助燃气，同时触发装置导通，使得点火装置处于点火状态，当热失控烟气在燃烧腔42内不断聚集，达到点燃条件时，热失控烟气被点燃，开始燃烧，将热失控烟气中的可燃成分燃尽或燃烧至可燃成分的浓度低至不能被再次点燃，将燃烧后的气体通过出气孔47排至大气中。
实施例16
如图18至图26所示，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置包括点火器 51、触发装置52和烟气管道53；触发装置52包括控制电路板521和传感器522，传感器522设置在烟气管道53或电池壳体上，其输出端与控制电路板521连接，用于电池55热失控时输出信号给控制电路板521，控制电路板521根据信号输出点火电流；点火器51为电弧式点火器511或电阻丝点火器512，点火器51设置在烟气管道53上，在控制电路板521输出的点火电流下点燃烟气管道53排出的热失控烟气。该装置能够及时点燃电池55热失控产生的烟气，避免产生的热失控烟气对环境大气产生污染，同时也避免热失控烟气在电池55内聚集，发生爆炸、火灾等危险事件，使得电池安全性大幅提升。该装置的点火器51为电弧式点火器511或电阻丝点火器512，电弧式点火器511或电阻丝点火器512为持续性点火装置，能够避免外部环境中的风或雨影响点火器51的性能，从而避免了不能可靠点燃热失控烟气的风险。该装置能够及时点燃电池55热失控产生的烟气，避免排放的热失控烟气对大气产生污染；同时也避免热失控烟气在电池55内聚集，发生爆炸、火灾等危险事件，使得电池55安全性大幅提升。
本实施例对电阻丝点火器512的结构不进行限定，只要能够及时可靠点燃电池55产生的热失控烟气即可。例如，该电阻丝点火器512包括点火器壳体5111和电阻丝5121、陶瓷压环5116和陶瓷压圈5117；点火器壳体5111内设置有与烟气管道53连通的点火腔5114，电阻丝5121设置在上述点火腔5114内，且电阻丝5121与点火器壳体5111外部的控制电路板521连接。具体的，陶瓷压环5116内设置有环形凹槽，电阻丝5121设置在环形凹槽内，且被陶瓷压圈5117压紧，使得电阻丝5121通过陶瓷压环5116和陶瓷压圈5117安装在点火器壳体5111内，陶瓷压环5116和陶瓷压圈5117为绝缘件，实现点火器壳体5111与电阻丝5121之间的良好绝缘。该电阻丝点火器512中电阻丝5121的材料为铁铬铝电阻丝或镍铬电阻丝等。该电阻丝点火器512与电脉冲点火器相比，具有结构简单，不需要升压、振荡器等电路元件等特点。上述电阻丝点火器512结构简单，不需要升压、振荡器等电路元件，其布置在烟气管道53内，亦可作为防风电热丝使用，使得电池55热失控烟气被可靠点燃。本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置为一种自动 控制电阻丝点火装置，此装置安装在烟气管道53内，当探测到烟气管道53内有可燃气体时给出信号到控制电路板521，控制电路板521接通电阻丝5121，使电阻丝5121急速加热到达气体的可燃温度即可点燃气体，防止气体大量聚集。
本实施例中电弧式点火器511的结构也可为多种，其设置在烟气管道53上，在控制电路板521输出的点火电流下点燃烟气管道53排出的电池热失控烟气。例如，电弧式点火器511包括点火器壳体5111、第一电极丝5112、第二电极丝5113、陶瓷压环5116和陶瓷压圈5117；点火器壳体5111内设置有与烟气管道53连通的点火腔5114，第一电极丝5112的一端和第二电极丝5113的一端设置在点火腔5114内，且二者之间设置有电离间隙5115，第一电极丝5112、第二电极丝5113的另一端均通过高温导线与控制电路板521连接。此外，控制电路板521上设置有振荡电路，用于将直流电转为交流电，电弧式点火器511与控制电路板521之间设置有升压线圈5118，用于将控制电路板521输出的交流电进行升压输送给第一电极丝5112、第二电极丝5113，电离之间的空气，进而产生电弧。该装置中，陶瓷压环5116内设置有环形凹槽，第一电极丝5112和第二电极丝5113设置在环形凹槽内，且被陶瓷压圈5117压紧，使得第一电极丝5112、第二电极丝5113通过陶瓷压环5116和陶瓷压圈5117安装在点火器壳体5111内，陶瓷压环5116和陶瓷压圈5117为绝缘件，能够防止第一电极丝5112、第二电极丝5113与点火器壳体5111接触，实现点火器壳体5111与电极丝之间的良好绝缘。电弧式点火器511与控制电路板521之间设置有升压线圈5118，用于将控制电路板521输出的交流电进行升压输送给第一电极丝5112、第二电极丝5113，电离之间的空气，产生电弧。上述电弧式点火器511升压电路(即升压线圈5118)的电压在100kv左右，远高于脉冲点火器51，所以具有起弧快，点火速度快等特点，能够及时快速电池点燃热失控烟气。此外，控制电路板521上设置有振荡电路，用于将直流电转为交流电。本实施例的电弧式点火器511中，第一电极丝5112、第二电极丝5113的材料为铜铬合金、铜钨合金等合金。
本实施例中的电池热失控烟气处理装置为一种自动控制电弧式点火装置， 此装置安装在烟气管道53端部，当传感器522探测到烟气管道53内有可燃气体时反馈信号到控制电路板521，控制电路板521接通电池55与升压线圈5118，升压线圈5118对电压进行升高后，使距离很近的电弧发生头间的空气被电离形成电弧，引燃烟气管道53排出的可燃气体。即电池55发生热失控时，烟气管道53内有气体流过时，压力传感器522探测到烟气管道53内压力变化(或者气体传感器522探测到有可燃气体流过、亦或是温度传感器522探测温度急剧上升时)，传感器522传输信号给控制电路板521，控制电路板521接受到信号后，继电器闭合，电池55的直流电流通过控制电路板521上的震荡电流(或者振荡器)转换成交流电输出到升压线圈5118内，通过升压线圈5118瞬间把电流升压到50KV高压，再通过高温导线传到点火器51的第一电极丝5112和第二电极丝5113上，当两个第一电极丝5112和第二电极丝5113距离小于8mm时，瞬间的高压会把第一电极丝5112和第二电极丝5113之间的空气电离，产生电弧，烟气管道53内可燃气体遇到电弧即可被点燃。
本申请触发装置52可为不同结构的传感器522，只要能够在电池55热失控时发出信号即可，即在电池热失控时对温度、压力或气体体积分数等参数进行实时检测，当超过设定阈值时即可发出信号，该信号可为电信号或机械信号等。具体的，上述传感器522可为压力传感器、气体传感器或温度传感器中的至少一种，压力传感器、气体传感器和温度传感器具体可设置在烟气管道53或电池壳体上。现场安装时，压力传感器、气体传感器或温度传感器通过三通管54设置在烟气管道53上，或者通过螺纹连接在电池壳体上，该种安装能够直接快速检测到热失控烟气，在电池55热失控起始或初期即可进行可靠检测，从而能够及时对电池热失控烟气进行处理。
为实现电池热失控烟气的可靠点燃，还可安装多个点火器51，此时，上述烟气管道53包括烟气主管531和多个烟气支管532；多个烟气支管532的进口与烟气主管531的出口连通，多个烟气支管532的出口均设置有点火器51。相应的，触发装置52也为多个，多个触发装置52一一对应设置在多个烟气支管532上。同 时，在烟气主管531或烟气支管532上还设置有防回火装置，该防回火装置可为防回火阀，用于防止烟气主管531或烟气支管532内的热失控烟气回流。具体安装使用时，烟气支管532和点火器51的数量可根据电池55的数量和需求进行设置，可设置为2个、3个、4个、……10个等，设置为2个及以上可保证点燃的可靠性，当某一个点火器51失效或发生故障时，其他点火器51能够正常进行工作。
本实施例还提供一种电池55，包括上述电池热失控烟气处理装置，烟气管道53的进口与电池壳体的泄爆口或泄爆管56连接。
如图25和图26所示，本实施例还提供一种电池组，包括汇流管57、多个电池55和上述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，多个电池55并联或串联，汇流管57的一端与多个电池壳体的泄爆口或泄爆管56连接，另一端与烟气管道53的进口连接，烟气管道53包括烟气主管531和多个烟气支管532，烟气主管531的进口与多个电池壳体的泄爆口或泄爆管56通过汇流管57连接，即汇流管57的一端与多个电池壳体的泄爆口连接，另一端与烟气主管531的进口连接，多个烟气支管532的出口均设置有点火器51，同时，多个烟气支管532上均设置有传感器522。当多个电池55发生热失控而导致泄爆口或泄爆管56打开，电池55内部的高温物质会通过泄爆口或泄爆管56进入烟气主管531和烟气支管532，此时触发装置52感应到热失控烟气后启动点火器51，点火器51对电池55热失控烟气进行点燃。为进一步增加安全性，可在电池壳体的泄爆口或泄爆管56处连接冷却装置，冷却装置内填充冷却材料，热失控烟气通过冷却和吸附后再通过装置进行点燃。
实施例17
如图27至图30所示，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置包括冷却吸附单元61和烟气点燃装置62；冷却吸附单元61包括N个依次串联的罐体63，N个罐体63内填充有冷却材料和/或吸附材料，用于对电池热失控烟气进行冷却和/或吸附，N为大于等于1的整数；烟气点燃装置62设置于第N个罐体63的出口端，用于对经过冷却和/或吸附后的烟气进行点燃。本实施例对罐体63的排布方式、 内部结构不进行限定，只要能够满足使用需求即可，罐体63内部的冷却材料和/或吸附材料可以部分填充或全部填充，以满足不同的使用要求。电池热失控烟气经过冷却吸附腔可以降低烟气的温度与流量，为防止经过N个罐体63的冷却和/或吸附后氢气、一氧化碳、甲烷等可燃成分仍存在，于第N个罐体63的出口端设置了烟气点燃装置62，用于对经过冷却和/或吸附后的烟气进行点燃，可消耗掉烟气中的可燃成分，防止烟气中的可燃物质进入空气中造成安全事故。
本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置具体包括相连接的冷却吸附单元61和烟气点燃装置62；冷却吸附单元61包括8个罐体63，8个罐体63内全部填充有冷却材料，或者，8个罐体63内全部填充有吸附材料，或者，第1至4个罐体63内填充有冷却材料，第5至8个罐体63内填充有吸附材料，8个罐体63线性排布为一排；烟气点燃装置62设置于第8个罐体63的出口端，用于对经过冷却和吸附后的烟气进行点燃。
在本实施例中，相邻的罐体63之间通过弯管64串联，弯管64内形成烟气的缓冲回流腔。第1至4个罐体63内各设置有2个多孔板，2个多孔板通过两端设有螺纹的连接杆轴向连接，即连接杆的两端分别穿过多孔板，通过螺母固定,相邻的两个多孔板与罐体63内壁形成冷却吸附腔，陶瓷球填充在冷却吸附腔内；同样的，第5至8个罐体63内各设置有2个多孔板,相邻的两个多孔板与罐体63内壁形成冷却吸附腔，活性炭填充在冷却吸附腔内。电池热失控烟气通过第1至4个罐体63降低温度与流量，随后进入第5至8个罐体63进行吸附处理，提高了净化效果；第8个罐体63的出口端设置了烟气点燃装置62，对经过冷却和吸附后的烟气进行点燃，防止经过冷却和吸附后烟气中仍有氢气、一氧化碳、甲烷等可燃物质存在而造成安全事故。
在本实施例中对罐体63的形状不进行限定，只要能够在其内部填充冷却材料和/或吸附材料即可，在本实施例中，罐体63优选的采用受力、耐压性较好的圆形罐体63。在本实施例中冷却材料可以为蜂窝陶瓷体、二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化锆、氧化钛中的一种或者多种的组合；吸附材料还可以为石墨、氧化铝、 蒙脱石、硅酸盐、磷酸盐、多孔玻璃中的一种或多种的组合。
在本实施例中，第8个罐体63上还固定设置有防回火单元，防止烟气回流；第8个罐体63与烟气点燃装置62之间还设有收集单元65，收集单元65可将烟气中的可燃成分收集起来，气体量达到阈值后在出口端进行点燃，若未达到阈值则不启动烟气点燃装置62，增加了收集单元65作为烟气点燃装置62之前的一道防线，提高了安全性。在本实施例中，烟气点燃装置62为脉冲点火器，烟气点燃装置62还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合点燃。
实施例18
如图31和图32所示，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置包括储气舱71和点火装置72，储气舱71包括进气口711和排气口712，以输入和排出热失控烟气；点火装置72固定设置于储气舱71外排气口712的出口处，用以点燃热失控烟气；储气舱71由隔板77分隔为独立的第一舱室731和第二舱室732，进气口711设置于第一舱室731内，排气口712设置于第二舱室732内；储气舱71内还设置有开关组件，开关组件包括固定在第二舱室732内的点火开关721和设置在隔板77上、贯穿隔板77的触发装置722。点火开关721设置的能够被触发装置722抵压触发，启动点火装置。隔板77上还设置有泄压阀78，以使热失控烟气通过泄压阀78从第一舱室711进入第二舱室712。
当第一舱室731气压增大，达到第一阈值P 1时，热失控烟气通过泄压阀78进入第二舱室732，并通过排气口712到达出口处；当第一舱室731气压增大，达到第一阈值P 2时，触发装置722与点火开关721相抵触，点火开关721启动点火装置72，燃烧热失控烟气。本实施例中，第一阈值P 1不小于第二阈值P 2，以避免触发装置722未抵压点火开关721，点火装置72未被启动前，热失控烟气通过泄压阀78被排出储气舱71外，造成空气污染甚至发生危险。当贯穿隔板77的触发装置722被气压推动，触碰点火开关721，启动点火装置72。
在本实施例中，排气口712可以设置为管道，管道上固定有止回流量阀75， 以控制热失控烟气流量。排气口712还可以设置至少2个排气嘴，多个排气嘴可以起到均匀压力，高效点燃的作用，配合多个排气嘴再设置多个点火头，排气嘴和点火头的数量可以保持一致，也可以不一致，多个点火头可以高效点燃多个排气口排放的热失控烟气。储气舱71外还设置有一个支撑部79，用于固定安装点火装置72。本实施例中点火装置72为脉冲点火器。
实施例19
如图31至图33所示，本实施例提供的电池壳体包括上述电池热失控烟气处理装置，该电池热失控烟气处理装置包括储气舱71和点火装置72，储气舱71包括进气口711和排气口712，以输入和排出热失控烟气；点火装置72固定设置于储气舱71外排气口712处，用以点燃热失控烟气；储气舱71由隔板77分隔为独立的第一舱室731和第二舱室732，进气口711设置于第一舱室731内，排气口712设置于第二舱室732上；储气舱71内还设置有开关组件，开关组件包括固定在第二舱室732内的点火开关721和设置在隔板77上、贯穿隔板77的触发装置722。点火开关721设置的能够被触发装置722抵压触发，启动点火装置。隔板77上还设置有泄压阀78，以使热失控烟气通过泄压阀78从第一舱室711进入第二舱室712。
当第一舱室731气压增大，达到第一阈值P 1时，热失控烟气通过泄压阀78进入第二舱室732，并通过排气口712到达出口处；当第一舱室731气压增大，达到第一阈值P 2时，触发装置722与点火开关721相抵触，点火开关721启动点火装置72，燃烧热失控烟气。本实施例中，第一阈值P 1不小于第二阈值P 2，以避免触发装置722未抵压点火开关721、点火装置72未被启动前，热失控烟气通过泄压阀78被排出储气舱71外，造成空气污染甚至发生危险。本实施例中，进气口711径向延伸至储气舱71外，并设置有安装部713，安装部713为外螺纹，与电池壳体的泄爆口固定连接。
本实施例提供一种电池，包括电芯、电极组件和上述电池壳体。本实施例提供一种电池箱，包括上述烟气处理装置。本实施例提供一种电池组，中包括 若干上述电池，该电池组还包括汇流管，所述汇流管的一端包括若干分管，与所述泄爆口一一连接，汇流管的另一端与所述热失控烟气处理装置的所述安装部固定连接。电池组发生热失控时，热失控烟气可通过汇流管输送到烟气处理装置中。
实施例20
如图34和图35所示，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置包括储气舱81和点火装置82，储气舱81包括进气口811和排气口812，以输入和排出热失控烟气；点火装置82固定设置于储气舱81外排气口812处；本实施例中储气舱11为矩形盒体，也可根据需求设计成其他形状。储气舱81由可移动隔板87分隔为独立的第一舱室831和第二舱室832；进气口811设置于第一舱室831内，排气口812设置于第二舱室832上；第二舱室832内还设置有开关组件，开关组件包括点火开关821，当第一舱室831气压增大，可移动隔板87被第一舱室831内气压推动时，触碰点火开关821，启动点火装置82，并使排气口812至少部分暴露于第一舱室831，以排出热失控烟气。第二舱室832设置有弹性组件84，固定设置在可移动隔板87上，以限制可移动隔板87被较小的气压推动。可移动隔板87上设置有密封垫，以使第一舱室831和第二舱室832保持气密性。排气口812上设置管道8121，管道8121上设置有至少一个排气嘴8122，排气嘴的数量可以根据实际需要调整，并相应调整点火装置的数量。管道8121上固定有止回流量阀85，以控制热失控烟气流量。弹性组件84抵持在第二舱室832与可移动隔板87之间。储气舱81包括安装部86，用以固定安装在电池上。点火装置82为脉冲点火器，点火装置82由支撑座88固定在储气舱81上。可移动隔板87设置有稳定座871，用于稳定可移动隔板87的活动。
实施例21
如图35至图36所示，本实施例提供一种电池壳体，该电池壳体包括上述电 池热失控烟气处理装置810。电池热失控烟气处理装置810为实施例20中的电池热失控烟气处理装置，电池壳体上通过泄爆口连接汇流管，多个电池并联，将汇流管通过热失控烟气处理装置的安装部86与热失控烟气处理装置连接。当电池组任一单体电池发生热失控，产生热失控烟气，则通过汇流管排放至热失控烟气处理装置进行处理，结构简单，安全、体积小、环保、效率高。
实施例22
如图37至图39所示，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置中，储气舱81为一筒体，储气舱81由可移动隔板分隔为独立的第一舱室和第二舱室。进气口811设置于第一舱室内，排气口812设置于第二舱室内；第二舱室内还设置开关组件，包括点火开关821，当第一舱室气压增大，可移动隔板被第一舱室内气压推动时，触碰点火开关821，启动点火装置82，并使排气口812与进气口811形成贯通的出气通道，以排出热失控烟气。
第一舱室设置有弹性组件84，固定设置在可移动隔板上，以限制可移动隔板被较小的气压推动。储气舱81包括安装部86，用以固定安装在电池上。点火装置82为脉冲点火器，点火装置82由支撑座88固定在储气舱81上。可移动隔板87设置有底座871和凸起872，凸起872可插入进气口811，以使常压下保持进气口811密闭，凸起872上设置有密封垫，以使第一舱室和第二舱室保持气密性。底座871沿筒体的轴向移动且与筒体之间具有缝隙，本实施例中底座为方形，也可以六边形、八边形或者三角形，以可以与筒体产生间隙的效果为准，以使热失控烟气通过；底座871上还设置有点火开关821，点火开关821具有一个安装座8211，安装座8211与底座871之间有弹性组件84，筒体内出气口812附近还设置有触动块822。点火开关821和触动块822统称为开关组件，可以根据实际需求调整点火开关与触动块的位置，本实施例中，点火开关与触动块的位置互换也可以实现启动点火装置的目的。
当热失控烟气通过进气口811，因压力增大凸起871被顶起，进气口811打开， 热失控烟气通过筒体到达出气口812，同时弹性组件84被压缩，点火开关821被安装座8211向上移动后被触动块822抵压，启动点火装置82，点燃出气口812的热失控烟气。储气舱81上还设置有支撑座88，将点火装置82固定在储气舱81上。该装置体积小，安装简单，使用方便，成本低，效率高。
如图40所示，本实施例还提供一种电池壳体，该电池壳体包括电池热失控烟气处理装置。电池壳体上通过泄爆口连接汇流管，多个电池并联，将汇流管通过热失控烟气处理装置的安装部与热失控烟气处理装置连接。当电池组任一单体电池发生热失控，产生热失控烟气，则通过汇流管排放至热失控烟气处理装置进行处理，结构简单，安全、体积小、环保、效率高。本实施例还提供一种电池组，尤其是大容量电池，包括上述电池热失控烟气处理装置。本实施例还提供一种电池箱，包括上述电池热失控烟气处理装置。
实施例23
如图41至图43所示，本实施例提供的电池热失控烟气处理装置包括烟气点燃装置和报警组件94；烟气点燃装置包括排气管91、点火装置93和触发装置92，触发装置92设置在排气管91上，用于在热失控烟气通过排气管91时启动点火装置93，点火装置93设置在排气管91的出口端，用于点燃排气管91排出的热失控烟气，报警组件94用于在点火装置93启动时发出报警信号。该电池热失控烟气处理装置能够在电池热失控时点燃热失控产生的烟气，避免热失控烟气对大气产生污染，同时也避免热失控烟气在锂电池内聚集，发生爆炸、火灾等危险事件，使得电池安全性大幅提升。该报警组件94能够在点火装置93启动时发出报警信号，产生警示作用，使得工作人员能够及时对热失控电池进行处理，同时该报警组件94还能够对发生热失控电池进行准确定位，使得工作人员进行准确及时的处理。同时，本申请装置结构简单，安装方便，采用现有的装置进行组装即可。
本申请排气管91可为一个或多个，若为多个时，采用多管结构，例如，具 体包括第一排气管911和第二排气管912；第二排气管912、触发装置92和点火装置93均为多个；多个第二排气管912的进口均与第一排气管911的出口连接；多个点火装置93设置在第二排气管912的出口处；多个触发装置92一一对应设置在多个第二排气管912上。同时，在排气管91或第一排气管911上还设置有防回火装置96，该防回火装置96可为防回火阀，用于防止排气管91或第一排气管911内的热失控烟气点燃时回流。具体安装使用时，第二排气管912和点火装置93的数量可根据电池的数量和需求进行设置，可设置为2个、3个或4个等，设置为2个及以上可保证点燃的可靠性，当某一个点火装置93失效或发生故障时，其他点火装置93能够正常进行工作。
上述触发装置92具体可为点火开关，点火开关为压力开关、磁力开关中的一种，磁力开关的结构也可为多种，只要能够在热失控烟气通过时启动点火装置93即可，例如可为机械式磁力开关、重力式磁力开关或磁力式磁力开关等。上述点火装置93的结构可为多种，例如具体可采用脉冲点火器等，脉冲点火器的供电方式可根据现场环境采用干电池或交流电。
上述报警组件94的结构也可为多种，可采用一体式的，也可采用分体式的，例如，可采用声音报警装置和/或灯光报警装置，该声音报警装置具体可为蜂鸣器，该灯光报警装置具体可为闪烁灯，闪烁灯为红色闪烁灯或黄色闪烁灯。该报警组件94可在点火装置93启动时同步启动，启动后发出报警信号，即该报警组件94可被触发装置92启动，启动后可人工关闭或通过上位控制机中的控制系统关闭，可也在点火装置93点火完成后被动关闭。此外，上述排气管91或第二排气管912上设置有顶盖95，顶盖95与排气管91或第二排气管912铰接，能够在热失控烟气通过时通过气流打开，该顶盖95在未打开时起防水作用，防止外部的杂质或水汽进入排气管91。该报警组件94可以实现实时监测，可以及时监测到热失控导致的电池气压变化，并及时给出提醒，做到电池热失控初期就可以监测到并发出报警信号，该报警组件94实现及时监测与报警后，不仅可有效降低人员伤亡，还可避免其余电池因高温而导致其热失控所引起的次生安全事故， 进一步降低财产损失。
本实施例中，可在排气管91或第二排气管912上设置有密封塞，该密封塞设置在排气管91或第二排气管912的出口，能够在热失控烟气通过时被顶出或弹出。或者，可在排气管91或第二排气管912上设置有顶盖95，顶盖95与排气管91或第二排气管912铰接，能够在热失控烟气通过时打开，起防水作用。
实施例24
如图44所示，本实施例提供电池包括至少一个单体电池1、泄爆机构2、汇流管3和点火装置4；泄爆机构2固定在单体电池1上，用于释放单体电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气；汇流管3一端固定连接在泄爆机构2上，用于输送热失控烟气；点火装置4与汇流管3另一端固定连接，用于将汇流管3输送的热失控烟气点燃。点火装置4为脉冲点火器。点火装置4还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合。当单体电池数量大于1时，汇流管3与单体电池并联。
本实施例中，多个单体电池1可以并排排列构成锂离子电池，点火装置4可远离单体电池1设置，防止点火时热失控烟气燃烧损伤单体电池1。单体电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气包括但不限于氢气、一氧化碳、甲烷等易燃气体，因此汇流管3采用耐高温耐高压耐腐蚀的材料。
上述泄爆机构2的出气口可定向设置，仅能从单体电池1内部向汇流管3输送热失控烟气，不能从汇流管3向单体电池1输送热失控烟气。在单体电池1产生的热失控烟气到达一定阈值时被定向爆破开启，每个单体电池均设置有泄爆机构2，任意一个单体电池因热失控产生热失控烟气时，均通过泄爆机构2进入汇流管3后，其他单体电池1仍正常工作。
如图45所示，在本实施例中，点火装置4包括点火器8和进气口9。当热失控烟气从汇流管3输送到点火装置4后，热失控烟气喷出，空气从进气口9进入与热失控烟气混合，点火器将热失控烟气和空气的混合物点着，将热失控烟气无害化处理，方便简单高效，避免发生火灾或污染环境。点火器8可为脉冲点火器， 也可以是由电池管理系统控制的电力点火器。
实施例25
如图46所示，本实施例提供电池包括至少一个单体电池1、汇流管3、点火装置4和泄爆机构2，在实施例24的基础上；汇流管3在点火装置4前还固定设置有防回火装置5，用于防止热失控烟气点燃后反向燃烧进汇流管3内；点火装置4与汇流管3另一端固定连接，用于将汇流管3输送的热失控烟气点燃；点火装置4为脉冲点火器。点火装置4还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合。当单体电池数量大于1时，汇流管3与单体电池并联。
实施例26
如图46和图47所示，本实施例提供的电池包括至少一个单体电池1、汇流管3、点火装置4和泄爆机构2，泄爆机构2固定在单体电池1上，用于释放单体电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气；汇流管3一端固定连接在泄爆机构2上，用于输送热失控烟气；汇流管3上还固定设置有防回火装置5，用于防止热失控烟气点燃后反向燃烧进汇流管3内；点火装置4与汇流管3另一端固定连接，用于将汇流管3输送的热失控烟气点燃；防回火装置5之前还固定设置了缓冲装置6，缓冲装置还包括泄压阀10，泄压阀10打开压力小于电池泄爆阀打开的压力，当热失控烟气通过汇流管3聚集到缓冲装置6后，达到一定压力时，泄压阀10打开，热失控烟气通过泄压阀到达点火装置4。点火装置4为脉冲点火器。点火装置4还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合。当单体电池数量大于1时，汇流管3与单体电池并联。
本实施例中，多个单体电池1可以并排排列构成锂离子电池，点火装置4可远离单体电池1设置，避免点火时热失控烟气燃烧不损伤单体电池1。本实施例中，缓冲装置6为弹性袋或压力容器，能够承载一定压力，避免热失控烟气浓度过低，到达点火装置4时无法被点燃。单体电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气包括 但不限于氢气、一氧化碳、甲烷等易燃气体，因此汇流管3采用耐高温耐高压耐腐蚀的材料。
实施例27
如图48所示，本实施例提供的电池包包括箱体7和置于箱体7的串联或并联的若干锂离子电池；还包括泄爆机构2，泄爆机构2可以是一个压力阀或者连通管，固定在箱体7上，泄爆机构2用于释放电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气；汇流管3一端固定连接在泄爆机构2上，用于输送热失控烟气；点火装置4与汇流管3另一端固定连接，用于将汇流管3输送的热失控烟气点燃。点火装置4为脉冲点火器。点火装置4还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合。
本实施例中，点火装置4可远离箱体7设置，避免点火时热失控烟气燃烧不损伤电池。电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气包括但不限于氢气、一氧化碳、甲烷等易燃气体，因此汇流管3采用耐高温耐高压耐腐蚀的材料。泄爆机构2的出气口可定向设置，仅能从箱体7内部向汇流管3输送热失控烟气，不能从汇流管3向箱体7输送热失控烟气。在箱体7产生的热失控烟气到达一定阈值时被定向爆破开启。
如图45所示，在本实施例中，点火装置4包括点火器8和进气口9。当热失控烟气从汇流管3输送到点火装置4后，热失控烟气喷出，空气从进气口9进入与热失控烟气混合，点火器将热失控烟气和空气的混合物点着，将热失控烟气无害化处理，方便简单高效，避免发生火灾或污染环境。
实施例28
如图49所示，本实施例的电池包包括箱体7和置于箱体7的串联或并联的若干锂离子电池；还包括泄爆机构2，泄爆机构2可以是一个压力阀或者连通管，固定在箱体7上，泄爆机构2用于释放电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气；汇流管3一端固定连接在泄爆机构2上，用于输送热失控烟气；汇流管3上还固定设置有 防回火装置5，用于防止热失控烟气点燃后反向燃烧进汇流管3内；点火装置4与汇流管3另一端固定连接，用于将汇流管3输送的热失控烟气点燃；点火装置4为脉冲点火器。点火装置4还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合。当电池包数量大于1时，汇流管3与电池包并联。
本实施例中，点火装置4可远离箱体7设置，避免点火时热失控烟气燃烧不损伤电池。电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气包括但不限于氢气、一氧化碳、甲烷等易燃气体，因此汇流管3采用耐高温耐高压耐腐蚀的材料。泄爆机构2的出气口可定向设置，仅能从箱体7内部向汇流管3输送热失控烟气，不能从汇流管3向箱体7输送热失控烟气。在箱体7产生的热失控烟气到达一定阈值时被定向爆破开启。
实施例29
如图50所示，本实施例提供电池包包括箱体7和置于箱体7的串联或并联的若干锂离子电池；还包括泄爆机构2，泄爆机构2可以是一个压力阀或者连通管，固定在箱体7上，泄爆机构2用于释放电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气；汇流管3，一端固定连接在泄爆机构2上，用于输送热失控烟气；汇流管3上还固定设置有防回火装置5，用于防止热失控烟气点燃后反向燃烧进汇流管3内；点火装置4与汇流管3另一端固定连接，用于将汇流管3输送的热失控烟气点燃；防回火装置5之前还固定设置了缓冲装置6，缓冲装置还包括泄压阀10，当热失控烟气通过汇流管3聚集到缓冲装置6后，达到一定压力时，泄压阀10打开，热失控烟气通过泄压阀到达点火装置4。点火装置4为脉冲点火器或其它电力点火器。点火装置4还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合。当电池包数量大于1时，汇流管3与电池包并联。
本实施例中，点火装置4可远离箱体7设置，避免点火时热失控烟气燃烧不损伤电池。缓冲装置6为弹性袋或压力容器，能够承载一定压力，避免热失控烟气浓度过低，到达点火装置4时无法被点燃。电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气包 括但不限于氢气、一氧化碳、甲烷等易燃气体，因此汇流管3采用耐高温耐高压耐腐蚀的材料。泄爆机构2的出气口可定向设置，仅能从箱体7内部向汇流管3输送热失控烟气，不能从汇流管3向箱体7输送热失控烟气。在箱体7产生的热失控烟气到达一定阈值时被定向爆破开启。

Claims (51)

  1. 一种电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，包括烟气点燃装置，所述烟气点燃装置设置在锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端,用于将锂电池或PACK箱热失控排出的热失控烟气点燃。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述烟气点燃装置包括脉冲点火器。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，还包括触发装置，所述触发装置通过锂电池或PACK箱烟气出口端排出的热失控烟气压力触发烟气点燃装置点火。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述烟气点燃装置和触发装置均设置在锂电池或PACK箱烟气出口端外侧的燃烧腔体内，所述触发装置与烟气出口端相对设置，所述烟气点燃装置设置在触发装置上方，所述燃烧腔体为燃烧箱的内腔，所述燃烧箱与锂电池或PACK箱固定连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述触发装置包括压力塞，所述压力塞设置在锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述触发装置包括纵向滑杆和触发块，所述纵向滑杆和触发块均置于燃烧箱的内腔中，所述纵向滑杆与锂电池或PACK箱固定连接；所述触发块套接在纵向滑杆的外侧，并与纵向滑杆滑动连接；所述触发块与锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端相对设置，所述烟气点燃装置设置在触发块上方。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述触发块的下端面为内凹的弧形面，所述弧形面与锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端相对设置,所述触发块为隔火材料制成，所述触发块的底部设置有弧形槽，所述弧形槽与锂电池或PACK箱的烟气出口端相对设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述触发 装置还包括限位块和弹性复位件，所述限位块固定连接在纵向滑杆的顶部，所述限位块通过弹性复位件与触发块连接，所述限位块通过安装架与烟气点燃装置固定连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述烟气点燃装置的底部设置有按压开关，所述按压开关与触发块相对设置,所述触发块的顶部设置有顶块，所述顶块与按压开关相对设置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，还包括阻燃隔热板，所述燃烧箱和纵向滑杆均通过阻燃隔热板与锂电池或PACK箱固定连接，所述阻燃隔热板上设置有连通孔，所述燃烧箱通过阻燃隔热板上的连通孔与烟气出口端连通，所述烟气出口端处设置有泄压组件，所述泄压组件贯穿阻燃隔热板并延伸至燃烧箱的燃烧腔体中；所述燃烧箱的顶部开口。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述烟气点燃装置包括排气筒、若干排气嘴、压力阀、点火开关和点火装置；若干排气嘴分别与所述排气筒固定连接形成热失控烟气的排气通道；所述压力阀与所述点火开关设置在所述排气通道内，所述压力阀包括活塞，所述压力阀在常压时密封所述排气通道，使排气通道保持关闭；所述压力阀内的活塞被气压推动发生移动，所述排气通道开启，同时所述压力阀抵压所述点火开关，开启所述点火装置；当电池产生热失控烟气时，随着气压逐渐增大，若干压力阀内的活塞依次被推动，所述点火开关依次开启，启动所述点火装置，点燃所述热失控烟气。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述排气筒内还设置有防回火阀，所述压力阀设置有密封垫。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述排气筒和所述排气嘴分别固定设置在固定筒上形成气体通道，以使热失控烟气从排气筒、固定筒、排气嘴依次通过。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述压 力阀固定设置在固定筒与排气嘴的连接处内，所述压力阀设置有一凸起，所述点火开关设置在所述排气嘴内，当所述压力阀的活塞发生移动，所述凸起抵压所述点火开关，所述点火装置被开启。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述点火装置为脉冲点火器。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述烟气点燃装置包括第一排气管、第二排气管、点火装置和磁力开关；所述第二排气管、磁力开关和点火装置均为N个，N为大于等于1的整数；N个第二排气管的进口均与第一排气管的出口连接；N个点火装置设置在第二排气管的出口处，用于点燃第二排气管排出的热失控烟气；N个磁力开关一一对应设置在N个第二排气管上，用于在热失控烟气通过第二排气管时发送电信号给点火装置，使得点火装置开启点燃所述热失控烟气。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述磁力开关为机械式磁力开关、重力式磁力开关、磁力式磁力开关中的一种，所述磁力开关为常闭开关。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，还包括N个排气嘴，所述排气嘴为锥形管结构，N个排气嘴的大端一一对应连接在N个第二排气管的出口，N个点火装置一一对应设置在N个排气嘴的小端出口。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述第一排气管上设置有防回火阀，用于防止热失控烟气回流，所述防回火阀为单向阀，所述点火装置为脉冲点火器，所述脉冲点火器的点火头通过支架设置在第二排气管上，所述脉冲点火器的电池或交流电接口设置在电源箱内，所述脉冲点火器的信号线通过防水接头与电源箱的密封连接。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述烟气点燃装置包括燃烧腔、点火装置以及触发装置，所述点火装置设置于燃烧腔内，所述燃烧腔用于储存电池发生热失控时产生的热失控烟气，所述触发装置 与点火装置连接，所述触发装置根据热失控烟气的压力和/或温度触发点火装置将热失控烟气点燃。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述触发装置为压力开关和/或温控开关或电接头压力表。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，还包括热失控烟气排出管，所述燃烧腔通过热失控烟气排出管与电池的电解液腔连接；所述热失控烟气排出管的管腔内设置有泄爆装置，当触发装置为压力开关和/或温控开关时，所述压力开关和/或温控开关设置在泄爆装置与燃烧腔之间，且所述压力开关与温控开关之间并联或串联；当触发装置为电接头压力表时，所述电接头压力表设置在电池的电解液腔与燃烧腔之间，所述电接头压力表的触动压力小于泄爆装置的泄爆压力。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述点火装置包括点火器和电源，所述点火器置于燃烧腔内部，所述电源设置在燃烧腔的内部或外部；所述电源与点火器和触发装置电连接，所述触发装置与点火器电连接。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，还包括设置在热失控烟气排出管与燃烧腔之间的防回火装置以及设置在燃烧腔顶部的防风罩，所述燃烧腔的腔壁上设置有进气口，所述进气口用于给燃烧腔内补充助燃气，所述燃烧腔的腔壁上设置有出气孔，所述出气孔用于排出燃烧后剩余的气体。
  25. 根据权利要求1所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述烟气点燃装置包括点火器、触发装置和烟气管道；所述触发装置包括控制电路板和传感器，所述传感器设置在烟气管道或电池壳体上，其输出端与控制电路板连接，用于电池热失控时输出信号给控制电路板，所述控制电路板根据所述信号输出点火电流；所述点火器为电弧式点火器或电阻丝点火器，所述点火器设置在烟气管道上，能够在控制电路板输出的点火电流下点燃烟气管道排出的热 失控烟气。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述电阻丝点火器包括点火器壳体和电阻丝；所述点火器壳体内设置有与烟气管道连通的点火腔，所述电阻丝设置在点火腔内，且电阻丝的两端与点火器壳体外部的控制电路板连接。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述电弧式点火器包括点火器壳体、第一电极丝和第二电极丝；所述点火器壳体内设置有与烟气管道连通的点火腔，所述第一电极丝的一端和第二电极丝的一端设置在点火腔内，且二者之间设置有电离间隙，所述第一电极丝和第二电极丝的另一端设置在点火器壳体外，与控制电路板连接。
  28. 根据权利要求26或27所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述电弧式点火器和电阻丝点火器还包括陶瓷压环和陶瓷压圈，所述陶瓷压环内设置有环形凹槽，所述电阻丝、第一电极丝或第二电极丝设置在环形凹槽内，且被陶瓷压圈压紧。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述控制电路板上设置有振荡电路，用于将直流电转为交流电，所述电弧式点火器与控制电路板之间设置有升压线圈，用于将控制电路板输出的交流电进行升压输送给第一电极丝和第二电极丝。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述触发装置包括压力传感器、气体传感器或温度传感器中的至少一种。
  31. 根据权利要求1所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于：还包括冷却吸附单元；所述冷却吸附单元包括N个依次串联的罐体，N个罐体内填充有冷却材料和/或吸附材料，用于对电池热失控烟气进行冷却和/或吸附，N为大于等于1的整数；所述烟气点燃装置设置于第N个罐体的出口端，用于对经过冷却和/或吸附后的热失控烟气进行点燃。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于：N个所 述罐体线性排布为一排，或者线性排布为U形，或者线性排布为V形,或者线性排布为L形，每个罐体内设置有X个多孔板,相邻的两个多孔板与罐体内壁形成冷却吸附腔，所述冷却材料和/或吸附材料填充在部分冷却吸附腔或全部冷却吸附腔内，X为大于等于2的整数，相邻多孔板通过连接杆轴向连接。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于：相邻的罐体通过弯管或软管串联，所述弯管内形成电池热失控烟气通过的缓冲回流腔，第N个所述罐体上还固定设置有防回火单元，第N个罐体与烟气点燃装置之间还设有收集单元，所述烟气点燃装置包括脉冲点火器；所述烟气点燃装置还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合点燃。
  34. 根据权利要求1所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，还包括储气舱，所述储气舱内设置有隔板，以分隔所述储气舱为密闭的第一舱室和第二舱室；所述第一舱室包括进气管，以使热失控烟气进入所述第一舱室；所述第二舱室包括排气管，以排出热失控烟气；所述烟气点燃装置包括点火装置、触发装置和点火开关，所述点火装置设置在排气管出口处；所述隔板上设置有泄压阀，以使热失控烟气通过泄压阀从第一舱室进入第二舱室；所述触发装置和点火开关设置在储气舱上，所述触发装置穿设所述隔板，可被气压推动，所述点火开关设置在所述第二舱室内，可被所述触发装置触发启动；当所述第一舱室的气体压力达到第一阈值P 1时，所述热失控烟气通过所述泄压阀进入第二舱室，并通过所述排气管到达出口处；当所述第一舱室的气体压力达到第二阈值P 2时，所述触发装置与所述点火开关相抵触，所述点火开关启动所述点火装置，燃烧所述热失控烟气，且所述第一阈值P 1的数值不小于第二阈值P 2的数值。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述隔板上设置有密封垫，以使第一舱室和第二舱室保持气密性，所述排气管出口设置有止回流量阀，以控制热失控烟气流量，所述点火装置为脉冲点火器。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述排气管设置至少两个排气嘴，所述点火装置包括至少两个点火头，所述储气舱外 设置有支撑座，用于安装所述点火装置。
  37. 根据权利要求1所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，还包括储气舱；所述储气舱包括进气口和排气口，以输入和排出热失控烟气；所述烟气点燃装置固定设置于储气舱外的排气口处；所述储气舱由可移动隔板分隔为独立的第一舱室和第二舱室，所述进气口设置于第一舱室内，所述排气口设置于第二舱室上；所述第二舱室内还设置有开关组件，所述开关组件包括点火开关；当第一舱室气压增大，所述可移动隔板被第一舱室内气压推动，抵压所述点火开关，启动点火装置，并使所述排气口至少部分暴露于所述第一舱室，以排出所述热失控烟气。
  38. 根据权利要求37所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述第一舱室和/或第二舱室设置有弹性组件，所述弹性组件抵持在所述第一舱室和/第二舱室与所述可移动隔板之间，所述可移动隔板上设置有密封垫，以使所述第一舱室和所述第二舱室保持气密性，所述排气口设置为管道，所述管道上固定有止回流量阀，以控制热失控烟气流量，所述点火装置为脉冲点火器。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述储气舱为一筒体，所述可移动隔板包括底座和凸起，所述凸起可插入所述进气口，以使在常压下保持进气口密闭，所述底座沿所述筒体的轴向移动且与所述筒体之间具有缝隙，以使所述热失控烟气通过；所述底座上还设置有所述开关组件，当所述热失控烟气通过所述进气口，因压力增大所述凸起被顶起，同时所述开关组件被抵压，以启动所述点火装置，点燃所述热失控烟气。
  40. 根据权利要求1所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，还包括报警组件；所述烟气点燃装置包括排气管、触发装置和点火装置，所述触发装置设置在排气管上，用于在热失控烟气通过排气管时启动点火装置，所述点火装置设置在排气管的出口端，用于点燃排气管内的热失控烟气；所述报警组件用于在点火装置启动时发出报警信号。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述报 警组件设置在烟气点燃装置上，包括声音报警装置和/或灯光报警装置，所述声音报警装置为蜂鸣器，所述灯光报警装置为闪烁灯，所述闪烁灯为红色闪烁灯或黄色闪烁灯。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置，其特征在于，所述排气管包括第一排气管和第二排气管；所述第二排气管、触发装置和点火装置均为N个；N个第二排气管的进口均与第一排气管的出口连接；N个点火装置设置在第二排气管的出口处；N个触发装置一一对应设置在N个第二排气管上，N个为大于等于1的整数，所述排气管或第二排气管上设置有顶盖，所述顶盖与排气管或第二排气管铰接，能够在热失控烟气通过时打开，或者，所述排气管或第二排气管上设置有密封塞，所述密封塞设置在排气管或第二排气管的出口，能够在热失控烟气通过时被顶出。
  43. 一种电池组，其特征在于，包括泄爆机构、汇流管、点火装置和至少一个单体电池；所述泄爆机构固定在所述单体电池上，以释放单体电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气；所述汇流管固定连接在所述泄爆机构上，以传送所述热失控烟气；所述点火装置与所述汇流管固定连接，以将所述汇流管输送的热失控烟气点燃，所述点火装置为权利要求1至42任一所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置。
  44. 根据权利要求43所述的电池组，其特征在于，还包括缓冲装置，所述缓冲装置设置在所述点火装置之前，所述缓冲装置上设置有泄压阀，所述汇流管上还固定设置有防回火装置，所述缓冲装置为弹性袋或压力容器，所述点火装置还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合点燃。
  45. 一种电池包，其特征在于，包括箱体、泄爆机构、汇流管、点火装置以及置于所述箱体内的若干锂离子电池；所述泄爆机构固定在所述箱体上，以释放锂离子电池热失控时产生的热失控烟气；所述汇流管固定连接在所述泄爆机构上，以传送所述热失控烟气；所述点火装置与所述汇流管固定连接，以将所述汇流管输送的热失控烟气点燃，所述点火装置为权利要求1至42任一所述的电 池热失控烟气处理装置。
  46. 根据权利要求45所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述汇流管上还固定设置有防回火装置，所述锂离子电池还包括缓冲装置，所述缓冲装置设置在点火装置之前；所述缓冲装置上还设置有泄压阀。
  47. 根据权利要求45所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述点火装置为脉冲点火器；所述点火装置还包括进气口，用以通入空气，与热失控烟气混合点燃。
  48. 一种电池热失控烟气的处理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：电池热失控产生的烟气在排放于大气前经过点燃处理。
  49. 根据权利要求48所述的电池热失控烟气的处理方法，其特征在于，电池热失控产生的烟气在排放于大气前经过权利要求1至42任一所述的电池热失控烟气处理装置进行点燃处理。
  50. 根据权利要求49所述的电池热失控烟气的处理方法，其特征在于，电池热失控产生的烟气在排放于大气前经过点燃处理具体为：在锂电池或PACK箱内排出烟气压力的作用下推动触发装置向烟气点燃装置靠近，直至触发装置触发烟气点燃装置将烟气点燃。
  51. 根据权利要求50所述的电池热失控烟气的处理方法，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：在锂电池或PACK箱内排出烟气压力的作用下将压力塞推出烟气出口端，并使压力塞向烟气点燃装置上的按压开关靠近，直至压力塞将按压开关打开，使得烟气点燃装置将烟气点燃；
    或者，具体包括以下步骤：在锂电池或PACK箱内排出烟气压力的作用下推动触发块向烟气点燃装置靠近，直至触发块上的顶块触发烟气点燃装置上的按压开关打开，使得烟气点燃装置将烟气点燃；在烟气出口端排出的烟气压力变小时，触发块在弹性复位件的作用下恢复初始状态。
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CN114843631A (zh) * 2022-04-26 2022-08-02 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司 电池热失控烟气处理装置及电池壳体、电池组、电池箱
CN114865115A (zh) * 2022-04-26 2022-08-05 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司 锂离子电池组及电池包
CN114914624A (zh) * 2022-04-26 2022-08-16 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司 电池热失控烟气处理装置及电池壳体和电池组
CN115000595A (zh) * 2022-06-01 2022-09-02 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司 电池热失控烟气处理装置、电池壳体及电池

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CN117805632B (zh) * 2024-03-01 2024-05-07 苏州玛瑞柯测试科技有限公司 锂离子动力电池热失控安全测试装置

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