WO2023051281A1 - 电池壳 - Google Patents

电池壳 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023051281A1
WO2023051281A1 PCT/CN2022/119291 CN2022119291W WO2023051281A1 WO 2023051281 A1 WO2023051281 A1 WO 2023051281A1 CN 2022119291 W CN2022119291 W CN 2022119291W WO 2023051281 A1 WO2023051281 A1 WO 2023051281A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
side plate
plate
battery case
length
connecting plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/119291
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梁立维
胡树敏
陈媛媛
张剑
欧阳进忠
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to EP22874668.1A priority Critical patent/EP4333164A1/en
Priority to KR1020237044390A priority patent/KR20240010504A/ko
Publication of WO2023051281A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023051281A1/zh
Priority to US18/392,593 priority patent/US20240128551A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of battery packaging, and more particularly, to a battery case.
  • the side wall of the battery case is mainly a rectangular frame structure surrounded by plates, and the tabs of the pole core can be connected to one of the plates by welding, so that a space for the tabs needs to be reserved inside the battery case , leading to a reduction in the overall accommodation space of the battery case and low battery energy storage.
  • the present disclosure aims to alleviate or solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems, at least to some extent.
  • the present disclosure proposes a battery case, including: a first side plate, a second side plate, a third side plate and a fourth side plate, the first side plate, the second side plate, the third side plate
  • the board and the fourth side board are sequentially connected, wherein the first side board is arranged opposite to the third side board, and the length of the first side board is smaller than the length of the third side board, and the The second side plate is arranged opposite to the fourth side plate, and the length of the fourth side plate is shorter than the length of the second side plate; a connecting plate suitable for installing battery tabs, and the connecting plate is arranged on the Between the first side plate and the fourth side plate, and connected with the first side plate and the fourth side plate, the length of the connecting plate is shorter than that of the second side plate and the third side plate the length of the side plates; and a support plate, the first side plate, the second side plate, the third side plate, the fourth side plate and the connecting plate are located on the same side of the support plate, And it cooperates with the support plate to
  • first side plate and the third side plate are parallel to each other
  • second side plate and the fourth side plate are parallel to each other
  • first side plate and the second side plate are mutually parallel Vertical
  • the third side plate and the fourth side plate are perpendicular to each other
  • the length of the connecting plate is shorter than the length of the first side plate and the fourth side plate.
  • the first side plate, the second side plate, the third side plate, the fourth side plate and the connecting plate have the same thickness.
  • the thickness of the first side plate, the second side plate, the third side plate, the fourth side plate and the connecting plate is in a range of 0.03 mm to 0.15 mm.
  • first side plate, the second side plate, the third side plate, the fourth side plate and the connecting plate are integrally formed.
  • the angle formed between the connecting plate and the fourth side plate is ⁇ , and 120° ⁇ 160°.
  • the first side plate or the fourth side plate is provided with a liquid injection hole communicating with the accommodating chamber, and the liquid injection hole is opened from the first side plate or the fourth side
  • the outer surface of the plate faces an inwardly recessed counterbore.
  • one edge of the first side plate, the second side plate, the third side plate, the fourth side plate and the connection plate is connected to the support plate, and the other side
  • the edges are respectively provided with outwardly bent flanges.
  • the battery case further includes: an upper case, the shape of the upper case corresponds to the shape of the accommodating cavity, the upper case is connected to the first side plate, the second side plate, The third side plate, the fourth side plate and the connecting plate are connected to close the accommodating cavity.
  • the upper shell, the first side plate, the second side plate, the third side plate, the fourth side plate and the connecting plate are metal parts respectively, and the upper The shell is welded with the first side plate, the second side plate, the third side plate, the fourth side plate and the connecting plate.
  • five side walls of the battery case are formed by connecting and enclosing the connecting plate, the first side plate, the second side plate, the third side plate and the fourth side plate, and the connecting plate is arranged on the Between the first side plate and the fourth side plate, and the length of the connecting plate used to install the battery tab is set to be shorter than the length of the second plate body and the fourth plate body, thereby reducing the space occupied by the installation tab , which is beneficial to increase the volume of the accommodating cavity, and finally can ensure that the internal space of the battery case is fully utilized.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a battery case according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a battery case according to one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a prior art battery case
  • Figure 4 shows an exploded view of a battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 shows a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery case according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • pole core 200 pole ear 201; spacer 300;
  • the battery case 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • a battery case 100 includes: a first side plate 10 , a second side plate 20 , a third side plate 30 , a fourth side plate 40 , and a battery pole suitable for mounting.
  • the first side plate 10, the second side plate 20, the third side plate 30 and the fourth side plate 40 are sequentially connected, wherein the first side plate 10 is set opposite to the third side plate 30, and the first side plate
  • the length of the plate 10 is less than the length of the third side plate 30, the second side plate 20 is set opposite to the fourth side plate 40, and the length of the fourth side plate 40 is less than the length of the second side plate 20, and the connecting plate 50 is arranged on the second side plate 40.
  • the length of the connecting plate 50 is less than the length of the first side plate 10 and the fourth side plate 40, the first The side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50 are located on the same side of the support plate 60 , and cooperate with the support plate 60 to define an accommodating cavity 70 .
  • the battery case 100 is mainly composed of the first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 , the connection plate 50 and the support plate 60 connected in sequence.
  • the connecting plate 50 is disposed between the first side plate 10 and the fourth side plate 40 and connected with the first side plate 10 and the fourth side plate 40 .
  • the supporting plate 60 can cooperate with the first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connecting plate 50 to define a receiving cavity 70 .
  • the tab 201 of the battery can be connected to the connecting plate 50 by welding.
  • the first end of the first side plate 10 can be connected to the first end of the second side plate 20, the second end of the second side plate 20 can be connected to the first end of the third side plate 30, and the third side
  • the second end of the plate 30 can be connected to the first end of the fourth side plate 40
  • the second end of the fourth side plate 40 is connected to the second end of the first side plate 10 through the connecting plate 50 .
  • the first side plate 10 is set opposite to the third side plate 30
  • the second side plate 20 is set opposite to the fourth side plate 40 . That is to say, the first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50 can be connected end to end in order to enclose the side wall of the battery case 100 .
  • the front and rear ends of the second side plate 20 can be Connect with the right end of the first side plate 10 and the right end of the third side plate 30 respectively;
  • the left end of 10 is connected with the rear end of the fourth side plate 40 .
  • the length of the first side plate 10 is less than the length of the third side plate 30, and the length of the fourth side plate 40 is less than the length of the second side plate 20, and the length of the connecting plate 50 is shorter than the length of the second side plate 20 and the third side plate.
  • the length of the plate 30 That is to say, the length of the connecting plate 50 is shorter than the longer two plates among the four plates of the first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 and the fourth side plate 40 .
  • the heights of the connection plate 50, the first side plate 10, the second side plate 20, the third side plate 30 and the fourth side plate 40 can be the same, so as to facilitate the assembly of the ends of the plate body and improve the sealing performance of the battery case 100. and stability.
  • first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50 can be located on the same side of the support plate 60 , and cooperate with the support plate 60 to define an accommodation cavity 70 .
  • the shape of the support plate 60 can be the same as the shape enclosed by the first side plate 10, the second side plate 20, the third side plate 30, the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50, so as to provide better support and sealing sex.
  • the pole core 200 When the battery case 100 is in use, the pole core 200 can be put into the accommodating cavity 70 , and electrolyte solution can be injected into the accommodating cavity 70 .
  • the connecting plate 50, the first side plate 10, the second side plate 20, the third side plate 30 and the fourth side plate 40 can be the five side walls of the battery case 100, and the support plate 60 is mainly used for sealing and supporting role.
  • the pole core 200 can be placed in the receiving cavity 70 , and the pole lug 201 of the pole core can correspond to the position of the connecting plate 50 .
  • a space is formed between the side of the pole core 200 where the tab 201 is disposed and the battery case 100 to facilitate the assembly of the tab 201 .
  • the space between the connection plate 50 and the pole core 200 is greater than at least a part of the space between other plates of the battery case 100 (except the support plate 60 ) and the outer wall of the pole core 200, it is necessary to shorten the connection.
  • the length of the plate 50 further reduces the space required for assembling the tab 201 .
  • the size comparison between different spaces refers to the shortest linear distance between two surfaces forming one space and the shortest linear distance between two surfaces forming another space Compare in size.
  • the battery case 100 is formed by connecting and enclosing the connecting plate 50 , the first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 and the fourth side plate 40 .
  • the connecting plate 50 is arranged between the first side plate 10 and the fourth side plate 40, and the length of the connecting plate 50 for installing the battery tab is set to be shorter than the second side plate 20 and the third side plate 30 , so as to reduce the space occupied by installing the tabs, which is beneficial to increase the volume of the accommodation chamber 70 , and ultimately ensure that the internal space of the battery case 100 is fully utilized.
  • the side plates 20 are perpendicular to each other, the third side plate 30 and the fourth side plate 40 are perpendicular to each other, and the length of the connecting plate 50 is shorter than that of the first side plate and the fourth side plate.
  • the first side plate 10 and the second side plate 20 are arranged perpendicular to each other, and when the third side plate 30 and the fourth side plate 40 are also arranged perpendicular to each other, not only the angle between the first side plate 10 and the second side plate 20 is a right angle, but also the third side plate 30 and the fourth side plate
  • the included angle between the side panels 40 is a right angle
  • the included angle between the second side panel 20 and the third side panel 30 is also a right angle.
  • the angle between the first side plate 10 and the connection plate 50 is an obtuse angle
  • the angle between the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50 is also an obtuse angle.
  • the length of the first side plate 10 is shorter than the length of the third side plate 30
  • the length of the fourth side plate 40 is shorter than the length of the second side plate 20
  • the length of the connecting plate 50 is shorter than the length of the first side plate 10 and the fourth side plate.
  • the length of the side plate 40 so that the length of the connecting plate 50 is the smallest length among the five plates, can further reduce the space for installing the pole lug 201, and increase the space inside the accommodating cavity 80 that can be used to accommodate the pole core 200 .
  • the first side plate 10 and the third side plate 30 By making the first side plate 10 and the third side plate 30 parallel to each other, the second side plate 20 and the fourth side plate 40 are parallel to each other, the first side plate 10 and the second side plate 20 are vertically connected, and the third side plate 30 and the fourth side plate 40 are vertically connected.
  • the fourth side plates 40 are vertically connected to each other, which not only makes the appearance of the battery case 100 more compact and tidy, and the appearance is more regular and beautiful, but also facilitates the connecting plate 50, the first side plate 10, the second side plate 20, the third side plate 30 and
  • the splicing between the fourth side plates 40 makes assembly and assembly more convenient.
  • the first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50 have the same thickness. That is to say, the wall thickness of the battery case 100 is consistent, and the thickness of different side plates is the same.
  • the thicknesses of the first side plate 10, the second side plate 20, the third side plate 30, the fourth side plate 40 and the connecting plate 50 it is beneficial to make the overall structure of the battery case 100 evenly stressed, and the first side The board 10 , the second side board 20 , the third side board 30 , the fourth side board 40 and the connecting board 50 can maintain the same reliable performance when resisting external force.
  • the thickness of the first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50 ranges from 0.03 mm to 0.15 mm. That is to say, the thickness of the first side plate 10, the second side plate 20, the third side plate 30, the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50 can be 0.03mm, 0.05mm, 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.12mm or 0.15 mm, etc., which are not specifically limited here.
  • the thicknesses of the first side plate 10, the second side plate 20, the third side plate 30, the fourth side plate 40 and the connecting plate 50 are within this range, not only the strength of the plate body against external force can be improved, but also the Weight, to avoid the waste of preparation materials caused by too thick board.
  • the first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50 are integrally formed.
  • the side wall of the battery case 100 By setting the side wall of the battery case 100 into an integrated structure, it not only facilitates subsequent assembly with the support plate 60 , but also saves mold materials and reduces production costs, thereby realizing mass production.
  • the angle formed between the connecting plate 50 and the fourth side plate 40 is ⁇ , and 120° ⁇ 160°. That is to say, when 120° ⁇ 160°, the internal space of the battery case 100 can be more fully utilized.
  • ⁇ can be 120°, 135°, 145°, 155° or 160°, etc., and the specific value of ⁇ degree can be determined according to the actual situation.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly gap between the pole core and the battery case in the prior art, and S1 in the figure is the cross-sectional area of the space occupied by the pole core.
  • the battery case in the prior art includes: a first plate body, a second plate body, a third plate body, a fourth plate body and a bottom plate 5 , and the four plates and the bottom plate 5 enclose a cavity 6 .
  • the shaded area in the figure is the gap between the plate body and the pole core, where the first plate body gap 1, the second plate body gap 2, the third plate body gap 3 and the fourth plate body gap 4 are respectively the first plate body, the second plate body gap 2, and the fourth plate body gap 4.
  • the tab of the battery core is located between the third plate body and the pole core.
  • the width d0 of the gap between the third plate body and the pole core is larger than the gap between the rest of the plate body and the pole core.
  • the width d1 of the third plate body and the battery core occupies more volume, so that the remaining volume of the cavity 6 for accommodating the battery core is relatively small.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the battery case 100 of the present disclosure, wherein the cross-sectional area of the space occupied by the pole core is S2, and the shaded areas in the figure are the first side plate 10, the second side plate 20, the third side plate 30, The gap between the fourth side plate 40 , the connecting plate 50 and the pole core 200 .
  • w1 is the width of the existing battery case
  • h1 is the length of the existing battery case
  • w2 is the length of the first side plate 10
  • h2 is the length of the second side plate 20
  • d0 is the width of the tab installation space
  • d1 is the width of the gap between the pole core and the side wall of the battery case 100 (except the connecting plate 50 )
  • X is the length of the connecting plate 50 .
  • the space of the accommodating cavity 70 of the battery case 100 of the present disclosure is larger than the accommodating space of the existing battery case, so that a reasonable range of ⁇ can be calculated.
  • the first side plate 10 or the fourth side plate 40 is provided with a liquid injection hole 80 communicating with the accommodating chamber 70 , and the liquid injection hole 80 is a counterbore recessed inward from the outer surface of the first side plate 10 or the fourth side plate 40 . That is to say, the liquid injection hole 80 can be disposed on the first side plate 10 , and the liquid injection hole 80 can also be disposed on the fourth side plate 40 .
  • the liquid injection hole 80 can communicate with the installation cavity, and the electrolyte can be input into the installation cavity through the liquid injection hole 80 .
  • the size and shape of the liquid injection hole 80 are not limited here.
  • the specific opening position of the liquid injection hole 80 can be selected according to actual production requirements.
  • the liquid injection hole 80 as a sink hole, it is beneficial for the electrolyte to be injected into the installation cavity from the outside of the battery case 100, and it can facilitate the tighter cooperation between the liquid injection hole 80 and the sealing nail 81, preventing the electrolyte from being injected leak at hole 80.
  • the setting of the counterbore can ensure the integrity of the overall structure, prevent the position of the liquid injection hole 80 from being higher than the plane of the plate body, and ensure the smoothness of the appearance of the battery case 100 .
  • the other side edges are respectively provided with outwardly bent flanges.
  • the bending direction of the flange is to be folded toward the outside of the accommodating cavity 70.
  • the width of the flange can be greater than the thickness of the first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connecting plate 50 , and the specific width of the flange is not limited here.
  • the battery case 100 further includes: an upper case 90 , the shape of the upper case 90 corresponds to the shape of the accommodating cavity 70 , and the upper case 90 is connected to the first side
  • the plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50 are connected to close the receiving chamber 70 .
  • the upper case 90 may also be in a pentagonal structure, and the short side may correspond to the position of the connecting plate 50 , and the upper case 90 may be arranged parallel to and opposed to the supporting plate 60 .
  • the thickness of the upper shell 90 is 0.030 mm ⁇ 0.15 mm, and the end points are included.
  • the thickness of the upper case 90 may be greater than that of the support plate 60 .
  • the upper shell 90, the first side plate 10, the second side plate 20, the third side plate 30, the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50 are metal parts respectively, and the upper shell 90 and the The first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connecting plate 50 are welded.
  • the upper case 90 , the first side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connection plate 50 can be made of stainless steel or other alloy materials, so that the durability of the battery case 100 can be improved. Ductility and strong hardness.
  • the upper shell 90 can be connected with the first side plate 10, the second side plate 20, the third side plate 30, the fourth side plate 40 and the connecting plate 50 through welding process, thereby increasing the connection between the upper shell 90 and the first side plate.
  • the connection strength of the side plate 10 , the second side plate 20 , the third side plate 30 , the fourth side plate 40 and the connecting plate 50 improves the packaging strength of the battery case 100 .
  • the spacer ring 300 may be disposed between the pole core 200 and the connecting plate 50 .
  • the spacer 300 By setting the spacer 300 at a position avoiding the liquid injection hole 50 , subsequent liquid injection is facilitated.
  • the plate 60 is combined, and the space utilization rate can be better improved by reducing the installation space of the tabs, thereby improving the space utilization rate of the battery case 100 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池壳，包括第一侧板、第二侧板、第三侧板、第四侧板、连接板和支撑板。第一侧板、第二侧板、第三侧板和第四侧板依次连接，第一侧板与第三侧板相对设置，且第一侧板的长度小于第三侧板的长度，第二侧板与第四侧板相对设置，且第四侧板的长度小于第二侧板的长度。适于安装电池极耳的连接板设于第一侧板与第四侧板之间，且与第一侧板和第四侧板连接，连接板的长度小于第二侧板和第三侧板的长度。第一侧板、第二侧板、第三侧板、第四侧板和连接板位于支撑板的同一侧，且与支撑板配合限定出容纳腔。

Description

电池壳
本公开要求于2021年9月30日提交中国专利局，申请号为202122409606.9，申请名称为“电池壳”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及电池包装技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种电池壳。
背景技术
相关技术中，电池壳的侧壁主要是由板体围合形成的矩形框架结构，极芯的极耳可以与其中一个板体焊接相连，如此会使电池壳内部需要预留容纳极耳的空间，导致电池壳的整体容纳空间减小，电池储能低。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少一定程度上缓解或解决上述提及问题中至少一个。
本公开提出了一种电池壳，包括：第一侧板、第二侧板、第三侧板和第四侧板，所述第一侧板、所述第二侧板、所述第三侧板和所述第四侧板依次连接，其中，所述第一侧板与所述第三侧板相对设置，且所述第一侧板的长度小于所述第三侧板的长度，所述第二侧板与所述第四侧板相对设置，且所述第四侧板的长度小于所述第二侧板的长度；适于安装电池极耳的连接板，所述连接板设于所述第一侧板与所述第四侧板之间，且与所述第一侧板和所述第四侧板连接，所述连接板的长度小于所述第二侧板和所述第三侧板的长度；及支撑板，所述第一侧板、所述第二侧板、所述第三侧板、所述第四侧板和所述连接板位于所述支撑板的同一侧，且与所述支撑板配合限定出容纳腔。
可选地，所述第一侧板与所述第三侧板互相平行，所述第二侧板与所 述第四侧板互相平行，所述第一侧板与所述第二侧板互相垂直，所述第三侧板与所述第四侧板互相垂直，连接板的长度小于第一侧板和第四侧板的长度。
可选地，所述第一侧板、所述第二侧板、所述第三侧板、所述第四侧板和所述连接板的厚度相同。
可选地，所述第一侧板、所述第二侧板、所述第三侧板、所述第四侧板和所述连接板的厚度范围在0.03mm～0.15mm。
可选地，所述第一侧板、所述第二侧板、所述第三侧板、所述第四侧板和所述连接板一体成型。
可选地，所述连接板与所述第四侧板之间形成的夹角角度为α，并且120°≤α≤160°。
可选地，所述第一侧板或所述第四侧板上设有与所述容纳腔连通的注液孔，所述注液孔为从所述第一侧板或所述第四侧板的外表面向内凹陷的沉孔。
可选地，所述第一侧板、所述第二侧板、所述第三侧板、所述第四侧板和所述连接板的一侧边缘与所述支撑板连接，另一侧边缘分别设有向外折弯的翻边。
可选地，电池壳还包括：上壳体，所述上壳体的形状与所述容纳腔的形状相对应，所述上壳体与所述第一侧板、所述第二侧板、所述第三侧板、所述第四侧板和所述连接板连接以封闭所述容纳腔。
可选地，所述上壳体、所述第一侧板、所述第二侧板、所述第三侧板、所述第四侧板和所述连接板分别为金属件，所述上壳体与所述第一侧板、所述第二侧板、所述第三侧板、所述第四侧板和所述连接板焊接。
由此，本公开提出的电池壳，通过将连接板、第一侧板、第二侧板、第三侧板和第四侧板连接围合形成电池壳的五个侧壁，连接板设于第一侧板和第四侧板之间，并且将用于安装电池极耳的连接板的长度设置为小于第二板体和第四板体的长度，从而减小安装极耳所占用的空间，有利于增大容纳腔的容积，最终可以确保电池壳的内部空间得到充分利用。
附图说明
本公开的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1显示了根据本公开一个实施例的电池壳的结构示意图；
图2显示了根据本公开一个实施例的电池壳的截面图；
图3显示了现有技术的电池壳的截面图；
图4显示了根据本公开一个实施例的电池的爆炸图；
图5显示了根据本公开一个实施例的电池壳的局部结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
电池壳100；
第一侧板10；第二侧板20；第三侧板30；第四侧板40；
连接板50；支撑板60；容纳腔70；
注液孔80；密封钉81；上壳体90；
极芯200；极耳201；隔圈300；
第一板体间隙1；第二板体间隙2；第三板体间隙3；第四板体间隙4；
底板5；腔室6。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本公开的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本公开的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
下面结合附图对根据本公开实施例的电池壳100进行详细说明。
如图1至图5所示，根据本公开实施例的电池壳100，包括：第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40、适于安装电池极耳201的连接板50和支撑板60。
具体而言，第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30和第四侧板40依次连接，其中，第一侧板10与第三侧板30相对设置，且第一侧板10的长度小于第三侧板30的长度，第二侧板20与第四侧板40相对设置，且第四侧板40的长度小于第二侧板20的长度，连接板50设于第一侧板10与第四侧板40之间，且与第一侧板10和第四侧板40连接，连接板50的长度小于第一侧板10和第四侧板40的长度，第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50位于支撑板60的同一侧，且与支撑板60配合限定出容纳腔70。
换言之，根据本公开实施例的电池壳100主要由依次连接的第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40、连接板50和支撑板60组成。连接板50设于第一侧板10与第四侧板40之间，且与第一侧板10和第四侧板40连接。支撑板60能够与第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50配合限定出容纳腔70。其中，电池的极耳201能够与连接板50焊接相连。
具体地，第一侧板10的第一端可以与第二侧板20的第一端连接，第二侧板20的第二端可以与第三侧板30的第一端连接，第三侧板30的第二端可以与第四侧板40的第一端连接，第四侧板40的第二端与第一侧板10的第二端通过连接板50相连。其中，第一侧板10与第三侧板30相对设置，第二侧板20与第四侧板40相对设置。也就是说，第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50可以依次首尾相连，围合形成电池壳100的侧壁。
例如，当第一侧板10和第三侧板30的延伸方向为左右方向，第二侧 板20和第四侧板40的延伸方向为前后方向时，第二侧板20的前后两端能够分别与第一侧板10的右端和第三侧板30的右端相连，第三侧板30的左端能够与第四侧板40的前端相连，连接板50的两端能够分别与第一侧板10的左端和第四侧板40的后端相连。
此外，第一侧板10的长度小于第三侧板30的长度，且第四侧板40的长度小于第二侧板20的长度，连接板50的长度小于第二侧板20和第三侧板30的长度。也就是说，连接板50的长度小于第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30和第四侧板40四个板体中较长的两个板体。另外，连接板50、第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30和第四侧板40的高度可以相同，从而便于板体端部的装配，提升电池壳100的密封性和稳定性。
进一步地，第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50可以位于支撑板60的同一侧，且与支撑板60配合限定出容纳腔70。支撑板60的形状可以与第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50围合形成的形状相同，从而提供较好的支撑性和密封性。
电池壳100在使用时，可以将极芯200放入容纳腔70内，并且在容纳腔70内注入电解液。具体地，连接板50、第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30和第四侧板40可以为电池壳100的五个侧壁，支撑板60主要起到密封和支撑的作用。极芯200可以放置在容纳腔70内，并且极芯的极耳201可以与连接板50的位置相对应。
考虑到极芯200与电池壳100的装配问题，极芯200设置极耳201的一侧与电池壳100之间会形成有便于极耳201装配的空间。其中，由于连接板50与极芯200之间的空间大于电池壳100的其他多个板体(除支撑板60之外)与极芯200的外壁面之间的至少一部分空间，因此需要缩短连接板50的长度，从而进一步降低装配极耳201所需空间。其中需要说明的是，在本公开中，不同空间之间进行大小比较，是指形成一个空间的两个面之间的最短直线距离，与形成另一个空间的两个面之间的最短直线距离之间进行大小比较。
由此，根据本公开实施例的电池壳100，通过将连接板50、第一侧板 10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30和第四侧板40连接围合形成电池壳100的五个侧壁，连接板50设于第一侧板10和第四侧板40之间，并且将用于安装电池极耳的连接板50的长度设置为小于第二侧板20和第三侧板30，从而减小安装极耳所占用的空间，有利于增大容纳腔70的容积，最终可以确保电池壳100的内部空间得到充分利用。
根据本公开的一个实施例，如图1所示，第一侧板10与第三侧板30互相平行，第二侧板20与第四侧板40互相平行，第一侧板10与第二侧板20互相垂直，第三侧板30与第四侧板40互相垂直，连接板50的长度小于第一侧板和第四侧板的长度。
也就是说，当第一侧板10的延伸方向与第三侧板30的延伸方向相同，第二侧板20与第四侧板40的延伸方向相同，第一侧板10与第二侧板20互相垂直设置，第三侧板30与第四侧板40也互相垂直设置时，不仅第一侧板10与第二侧板20之间的夹角为直角，第三侧板30与第四侧板40之间的夹角为直角，而且第二侧板20与第三侧板30之间的夹角也为直角。而第一侧板10与连接板50之间的夹角为钝角，第四侧板40与连接板50之间的夹角也为钝角。
此外，由于第一侧板10的长度小于第三侧板30的长度，第四侧板40的长度小于第二侧板20的长度，而连接板50的长度小于第一侧板10和第四侧板40的长度，从而使得连接板50的长度为五个板体中最小的长度，可以进一步减小安装极耳201的空间，增大容纳腔80的内部可以用于容纳极芯200的空间。
通过将第一侧板10与第三侧板30互相平行，第二侧板20与第四侧板40互相平行，第一侧板10与第二侧板20垂直连接，第三侧板30与第四侧板40互相垂直连接，不仅使得电池壳100外观更紧凑工整，外形更加规整美观，而且还有利于连接板50、第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30和第四侧板40之间的拼接，使得装配组装更方便。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，如图1所示，第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50的厚度相同。也就是说，电池壳100的壁厚一致，不同的侧板厚度均相同。通过将第一侧板10、第二 侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50的厚度设置为相同，有利于使电池壳100整体结构受力均匀，第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50在抵抗外部的力量时可以保持同样的可靠性能。
根据本公开的一个实施例，第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50的厚度范围在0.03mm～0.15mm。也就是说，第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50的厚度可以为0.03mm、0.05mm、0.08mm、0.1mm、0.12mm或者0.15mm等，在此不作具体限定。当第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50的厚度在此范围内时，不仅可以提升板体自身抗击外力的强度，还能减轻重量，避免板体过厚造成制备材料的浪费。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50一体成型。通过将电池壳100的侧壁设置为一体成型结构，不仅有利于后续与支撑板60的组装，而且还能节省开模用料，降低生产成本，从而实现大批量生产。
根据本公开的一个实施例，如图2所示，连接板50与第四侧板40之间形成的夹角角度为α，并且120°≤α≤160°。也就是说，当120°≤α≤160°时，电池壳100内部空间可以得到更充分地利用。其中α可以为120°、135°、145°、155°或160°等，α度数的具体数值可以根据实际情况进行确定。
下面结合具体实施方式，对电池壳100的空间利用率进行进一步地描述。如图3所示，图3为现有技术中极芯与电池壳的装配间隙的截面图，图中S1为极芯占用的空间的截面面积。
现有技术中电池壳包括：第一板体、第二板体、第三板体、第四板体和底板5，四个板体与底板5围合形成腔室6。此外，图中阴影区域为板体与极芯的间隙，其中第一板体间隙1、第二板体间隙2、第三板体间隙3和第四板体间隙4分别为第一板体、第二板体、第三板体、第四板体与电池芯的间隙。其中，电池芯的极耳位于第三板体与极芯之间，由于需要预留安装极耳的空间，因此第三板体与极芯的间隙的宽度d0大于其余板体与极 芯的间隙的宽度d1，第三板体与电池芯的间隙占据的体积较多，使得腔室6剩余的容纳电池芯的体积较小。
图2所示为本公开的电池壳100的截面图，其中极芯占用的空间的截面面积为S2，图中阴影区域为第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50与极芯200的间隙。
S1＝(w1-2*d1)*(h1-d0-d1)
S2＝(w2-2*d1)*(h2-2*d1)-0.5ab
a＝d0/cos(π-α)+xsin(π-α)-2d1
b＝d0/sin(π-α)+xcos(π-α)-2d1/tan(π-α)
其中，w1为现有电池壳的宽度；h1为现有电池壳的长度；w2为第一侧板10的长度；h2为第二侧板20的长度；d0为极耳安装空间的宽度；d1为极芯与电池壳100侧壁(除连接板50之外)间隙的宽度；X为连接板50的长度。
当w1＝w2，h1＝h2时，令S1<S2，使本公开的电池壳100的容纳腔70的空间大于现有电池壳的容纳空间，从而可以计算出α的合理范围。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，如图1、图4和图5所示，第一侧板10或第四侧板40上设有与容纳腔70连通的注液孔80，注液孔80为从第一侧板10或第四侧板40的外表面向内凹陷的沉孔。也就是说，注液孔80可以设于第一侧板10上，注液孔80也可以设于第四侧板40上。注液孔80能够与安装腔连通，电解液能够通过注液孔80输入至安装腔内。其中，注液孔80的大小和形状在此不作限定。并且注液孔80的具体的开设位置，可以根据实际的生产需求进行选择。另外，通过将注液孔80设置为沉孔，有利于电解液从电池壳100的外部注入安装腔内，并且可以便于注液孔80与密封钉81配合得更紧密，避免电解液从注液孔80处泄露。此外，沉孔的设置可以保证整体结构的完整性，避免注液孔80位置高于板体所处平面，保证电池壳100外观的平整度。
根据本公开的一个实施例，如图1所示，第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50的一侧边缘与支撑板60连接，另一侧边缘分别设有向外折弯的翻边。需要说明的是，翻边的弯折方向为向 容纳腔70的外部翻折。通过在第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50的同一侧边缘设置向外折弯的翻边，有利于后续与其他板体的密封装配，从而可以有效防止外界水汽从边缘进入电池壳100内部。此外，翻边的宽度可以大于第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50的厚度，翻边的具体宽度在此不作限定。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，如图4所示，电池壳100还包括：上壳体90，上壳体90的形状与容纳腔70的形状相对应，上壳体90与第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50连接以封闭容纳腔70。也就是说，上壳体90也可以为五边形结构，并且短边可以与连接板50的位置相对应，上壳体90可以与支撑板60平行相对设置。通过将上壳体90的形状设置为与安装腔的形状相对应，从而可以保证上壳体90能够更好地密封安装腔。可选地，上壳体90的厚度为0.030mm～0.15mm，且包括端点值。此外，上壳体90厚度可以大于支撑板60的厚度。
根据本公开的一个实施例，上壳体90、第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50分别为金属件，上壳体90与第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50焊接。例如，上壳体90、第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50可以由不锈钢或者其他合金材料制备，从而可以提高电池壳100的延展性和较强的硬度。此外，上壳体90与第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50可以通过焊接工艺相连，进而增大上壳体90与第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40和连接板50连接强度，提升电池壳100的封装强度。
可选地，如图5所示，隔圈300可以设于极芯200与连接板50之间。通过将隔圈300设于避开注液孔50的位置，有利于后续的注液。
总而言之，根据本公开实施例的电池壳100，通过将第一侧板10、第二侧板20、第三侧板30、第四侧板40、适于安装电池极耳的连接板50和支撑板60相结合，并且通过减小极耳安装空间可以更好地提升空间利用率，进而提升电池壳100的空间利用率。
根据本公开实施例的电池壳的其他构成以及操作对于本领域普通技术 人员而言都是已知的，这里不再详细描述。
虽然已经通过例子对本公开的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本公开的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本公开的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本公开的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池壳(100)，其特征在于，包括：
    第一侧板(10)、第二侧板(20)、第三侧板(30)和第四侧板(40)，所述第一侧板(10)、所述第二侧板(20)、所述第三侧板(30)和所述第四侧板(40)依次连接，其中，所述第一侧板(10)与所述第三侧板(30)相对设置，且所述第一侧板(10)的长度小于所述第三侧板(30)的长度，所述第二侧板(20)与所述第四侧板(40)相对设置，且所述第四侧板(40)的长度小于所述第二侧板(20)的长度；
    适于安装电池极耳(201)的连接板(50)，所述连接板(50)设于所述第一侧板(10)与所述第四侧板(40)之间，且与所述第一侧板(10)和所述第四侧板(40)连接，所述连接板(50)的长度小于所述第二侧板(20)和所述第三侧板(30)的长度；及
    支撑板(60)，所述第一侧板(10)、所述第二侧板(20)、所述第三侧板(30)、所述第四侧板(40)和所述连接板(50)位于所述支撑板(60)的同一侧，且与所述支撑板(60)配合限定出容纳腔(70)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池壳(100)，其特征在于，所述第一侧板(10)与所述第三侧板(30)互相平行，所述第二侧板(20)与所述第四侧板(40)互相平行，所述第一侧板(10)与所述第二侧板(20)互相垂直，所述第三侧板(30)与所述第四侧板(40)互相垂直，所述连接板(50)的长度小于所述第一侧板(10)和所述第四侧板(40)的长度。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池壳(100)，其特征在于，所述第一侧板(10)、所述第二侧板(20)、所述第三侧板(30)、所述第四侧板(40)和所述连接板(50)的厚度相同。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的电池壳(100)，其特征在于，所述第一侧板(10)、所述第二侧板(20)、所述第三侧板(30)、所述第四侧板(40)和所述连接板(50)的厚度范围在0.03mm～0.15mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的电池壳(100)，其特征在于，所述第一侧板(10)、所述第二侧板(20)、所述第三侧板(30)、所述第 四侧板(40)和所述连接板(50)一体成型。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的电池壳(100)，其特征在于，所述连接板(50)与所述第四侧板(40)之间形成的夹角角度为α，并且120°≤α≤160°。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的电池壳(100)，其特征在于，所述第一侧板(10)或所述第四侧板(40)上设有与所述容纳腔(70)连通的注液孔(80)，所述注液孔(80)为从所述第一侧板(10)或所述第四侧板(40)的外表面向内凹陷的沉孔。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的电池壳(100)，其特征在于，所述第一侧板(10)、所述第二侧板(20)、所述第三侧板(30)、所述第四侧板(40)和所述连接板(50)的一侧边缘与所述支撑板(60)连接，另一侧边缘分别设有向外折弯的翻边。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的电池壳(100)，其特征在于，还包括：
    上壳体(90)，所述上壳体(90)的形状与所述容纳腔(70)的形状相对应，所述上壳体(90)与所述第一侧板(10)、所述第二侧板(20)、所述第三侧板(30)、所述第四侧板(40)和所述连接板(50)连接以封闭所述容纳腔(70)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池壳(100)，其特征在于，所述上壳体(90)、所述第一侧板(10)、所述第二侧板(20)、所述第三侧板(30)、所述第四侧板(40)和所述连接板(50)分别为金属件，所述上壳体(90)与所述第一侧板(10)、所述第二侧板(20)、所述第三侧板(30)、所述第四侧板(40)和所述连接板(50)焊接。
PCT/CN2022/119291 2021-09-30 2022-09-16 电池壳 WO2023051281A1 (zh)

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