WO2023046049A1 - 一种输注装置及其控制方法 - Google Patents

一种输注装置及其控制方法 Download PDF

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WO2023046049A1
WO2023046049A1 PCT/CN2022/120764 CN2022120764W WO2023046049A1 WO 2023046049 A1 WO2023046049 A1 WO 2023046049A1 CN 2022120764 W CN2022120764 W CN 2022120764W WO 2023046049 A1 WO2023046049 A1 WO 2023046049A1
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infusion
weight
self
judgment
period
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PCT/CN2022/120764
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English (en)
French (fr)
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应晓倩
张海风
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杭州兰马医疗科技有限公司
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • A61M5/16804—Flow controllers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • A61M5/16877—Adjusting flow; Devices for setting a flow rate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M2005/14208—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps with a programmable infusion control system, characterised by the infusion program

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medical equipment and the field of individualized infusion control, and more specifically relates to an infusion device and a control method thereof.
  • PCA stands for "Patient Controlled Analgesia” (Patient Controlled Analgesia), which is a mode in which patients can independently perform a single infusion according to their own pain, which means a relatively individualized analgesic mode.
  • Chinese patent CN105194756A (published on December 30, 2015) discloses a device and method for automatically evaluating and detecting patient response capabilities.
  • the technology involves a questioning device and a questioning device, its purpose is to monitor patient response failures , enabling healthcare professionals to determine site-of-action drug concentrations at the time the patient becomes unresponsive, the instructions do not describe adjusting the infusion volume of the infusion set based on active or passive PCA pain grading.
  • clinical experience shows that for the "passive" evaluation, most patients often do not complete the required operations well, and based on the patient's autonomous control and evaluation of pain, combined with the dynamic adjustment of drug infusion, is not the technology to solve technical problems.
  • Chinese patent CN104548272A discloses a method for detecting insufficient analgesia and a related infusion device, which adjusts the drug dose or lock-in time during the lock-in period by counting the threshold of invalid activation times of the patient during the lock-in period.
  • the technique does not involve patient assessment or feedback on pain, whereas related studies have shown that PCA is beneficial for individualizing pain relief for patients.
  • this technology only adjusts according to the number of times the patient presses the activation button of the infusion device. This adjustment has no conditional feedback information on the degree of pain, and cannot dynamically adjust the total infusion volume within a period of time. It adjusts the judgment of infusion The conditions are too simple and not scientific.
  • Chinese patent CN209900296U (disclosure date: January 07, 2020) discloses an infusion pump, which provides a self-assessment panel with a touch scale, the panel has a pain score of 1-10, and the patient can slide the self-assessment panel Trigger the delay time for opening the dosing valve, and then adjust the infusion rate.
  • This method completely relies on the patient's subjective judgment of pain. Without a pain feedback system, patients will only increase the infusion volume when they experience clinical pain, but will not voluntarily reduce the infusion volume. Medical staff cannot monitor the actual drug infusion volume.
  • Chinese patent CN110433357A (published on November 12, 2019) discloses an infusion pump and its use method, which discloses a pain rating based on 0-10 levels, and the patient gives the infusion dose by feedbacking the current pain level through the PCA button. Monitor the total amount of infused dose as a limit.
  • the pain score of this method completely depends on the subjective judgment of the patient for the infusion conditions; the infusion volume is not used as a condition for adjusting the infusion parameters, and it cannot be actively reduced. , medical staff are still unable to know, and it is easy to cause clinical risks.
  • Chinese patent CN106823049A discloses a self-controlled infusion pump and its control method. This method proposes to linearly reduce the first speed of drug infusion in proportion, and the patient cannot suppress the pain and receives external After the trigger message, increase to the second speed.
  • the medical personnel judge the setting values of the first speed and the second speed according to the trigger frequency per unit time.
  • This technology is designed based on a single trigger button of a traditional infusion device, and does not involve PCA scoring. Medical staff only make judgments based on the trigger frequency. In the scene where the infusion concentration is dynamically changing, it is impossible to objectively understand the patient's infusion volume and pain. degree.
  • Chinese patent CN106730160A discloses a method and system for automatically adjusting infusion parameters with electronic infusion pump combined with pain assessment.
  • This technology provides a PCA pain assessment method, but the method is based on the system issued Instructions, the patient passively evaluates, and increases or decreases the dose by evaluating the patient's response time and response results, and the patient cannot adjust according to his own pain sensation.
  • patients passively assess the completion rate of performing specified operations is very low.
  • This technology discloses voice recognition and response methods. Even if other recognition and response methods such as buttons are used, the deficiencies in execution rate and execution accuracy are still difficult to overcome.
  • This technology counts the command triggers within the time period, and does not take into account the infusion volume and locking period. When combined with other technologies, there are still many technical difficulties to overcome.
  • an infusion device of the present invention includes a pump body, a drug storage device, an infusion pipeline, and a self-control infusion panel.
  • the pump body It includes a speed regulation module, which is used to receive an increase or decrease infusion instruction and adjust the continuous infusion speed of the pump body accordingly; a storage module, which is used to store the triggering of all keys from the self-control infusion panel within the locking period.
  • Invalid single infusion information valid single infusion information triggered by all buttons on the self-control infusion panel outside the lock cycle, continuous infusion speed and/or continuous infusion volume of the pump body based on time series, and infusion volume threshold , wherein the invalid single infusion information and the valid single infusion information include the weight of each button and the single infusion volume; the single infusion module is used to send a A single infusion signal including a single infusion volume; a locking module, used to obtain a preset locking period, and start timing the locking period when the valid single infusion information is triggered; and a control module, used to By comparing the weighted accumulation value of valid single infusion information with the preset weight threshold and/or comparing the total infusion volume within a certain period of time with the current infusion volume threshold, an instruction to increase or decrease the infusion is issued.
  • the self-control infusion panel is connected with the pump body through a cable or by wireless communication, and the pump body pumps the medicine in the medicine storage device to the infusion site through the infusion pipeline.
  • the invalid single infusion information and valid single infusion information from the button are all electrically connected to transmit signals from the button to the pump body; these signals include the identification information of the button and the valid trigger information that the button is activated.
  • the storage module can further store the time of receiving the signal, the weight corresponding to the key identification information, and the analysis parameters obtained after these data are passed through some statistical algorithms.
  • control module of the present invention wants to execute an instruction to increase or decrease an infusion, it must go through the judgment of the cumulative value of the effective single infusion weight and/or the judgment of the total infusion volume within a certain period of time. On this basis, other elements can be further added for auxiliary judgment, thereby improving the accuracy of judgment.
  • the main consideration of the judgment comes from the patient's real pain per unit time (for example, the judgment of reducing the infusion needs to evaluate whether it has been painless for a long time). or close to a painless state), whether the pain is on the rise (for example, whether the weight of the latest time is greater than that of the previous time), and whether the limit of increasing or decreasing the infusion has been met based on clinical experience.
  • the single infusion and the weight are combined, so that after the patient triggers the button according to the real pain, the corresponding weight has a corresponding single infusion volume, and the single infusion volume is positively correlated according to different weights , which can more efficiently adjust the utility relationship between patient pain and single infusion volume.
  • the effective single infusion volume of any of the buttons is a constant value, and the corresponding locking period is shortened or extended on the basis of the preset locking period according to the progressive relationship of the current weight.
  • the effective single infusion volume is constant when triggering with a larger weight, the corresponding shortening of the locking time can increase the frequency of effective triggering, thereby increasing the actual infusion volume.
  • the locking period is adjusted based on a preset locking period, and the adjustment method includes the following steps:
  • the positively correlated distribution of the single infusion volume according to the weight may increase linearly with the weight, or increase nonlinearly with an exponential function, a logarithmic function, or the like.
  • Those skilled in the art can make adaptive changes according to the route of administration, type of drug infused, drug concentration, pump body infusion characteristics, continuous infusion speed, locking period, and the patient's own situation.
  • the storage module stores a single infusion amount corresponding to each weight, and correspondingly, the infusion device needs to collect the infusion amount corresponding to each weight.
  • the storage module is only used to collect a basic single infusion volume, and the storage module also stores a proportional coefficient ⁇ corresponding to each weight, and when the proportional coefficient ⁇ is less than 1, it is mainly used for responding to pain evaluation It is the situation of "slight pain” or "no pain”; when the proportional coefficient ⁇ is greater than 1, it is mainly used for situations where the response pain evaluation is "moderate and above pain” and more severe pain, and the specific value is adjusted according to the actual situation.
  • the single infusion volume is ⁇ 0, ⁇ 1 ⁇ X 1 , ..., ⁇ t-1 ⁇ X t-1 ⁇ , where ⁇ is 0-5, and t represents the number of weights, which will be described in detail later.
  • control module includes a speed-up module and a deceleration module, which are used to issue an instruction to increase or decrease the infusion under proper conditions.
  • the speed-up module includes a first comparator for judging whether the accumulated weight value of valid single infusion information in the first judging period is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the preset weight threshold; if the judging result If it is true, an instruction to increase the infusion is issued; the deceleration module includes a second comparator for judging whether the weight accumulation value of valid single infusion information in the second determination period is continuously less than or equal to the lower limit of the preset weight threshold, if When the results of the continuous judgment are all true, an instruction to reduce the infusion is issued.
  • the present invention also provides an optimal solution, which uses the cumulative value of the effective single infusion weight as the starting judgment element, and other judgments as additional judgment elements, so that the judgment accuracy can be further improved.
  • the speed-up module also includes a third comparator, configured to further execute any one or more of the following instructions when the first comparator judges to be true:
  • the deceleration module also includes a fourth comparator, which is used to further execute any one of the following instructions when the second comparator judges to be true:
  • the speed increase The module includes a fifth comparator, which is used to judge whether the total infusion volume in the first judgment cycle is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the current infusion volume threshold, and if the judgment result is true, an instruction to increase the infusion is issued;
  • the deceleration module includes a second Six comparators, used for judging whether the total infusion volume in the second judging period is continuously less than or equal to the lower limit of the current infusion volume threshold, and if all the judging results are true, an instruction to reduce the infusion is issued.
  • the speed-up module also includes a seventh comparator, which is used to further execute the Any one or more of the following instructions:
  • Judging whether the accumulated weight value of valid single infusion information in the first judgment period is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the preset weight threshold, or judging whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information in the first judgment period is the first decision The maximum weight within the cycle, or to determine whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information is greater than or equal to the weight of the previous valid single infusion information, or to determine whether the self-evaluation weight triggered by a button during the self-evaluation period is greater than the self-evaluation Threshold upper limit; when the judgment results are all true or partially true, an increase infusion instruction is issued;
  • the deceleration module also includes an eighth comparator, which is used to further execute any one of the following instructions when the sixth comparator judges to be true: judge whether the weight accumulation value of the valid single infusion information in the near second judgment period is continuously less than Either equal to the lower limit of the preset weight threshold, or judge whether the self-assessment weight triggered by the key is less than the lower limit of the self-assessment threshold in the self-assessment period; when the judgment result is true, an instruction to reduce the infusion is issued.
  • an eighth comparator which is used to further execute any one of the following instructions when the sixth comparator judges to be true: judge whether the weight accumulation value of the valid single infusion information in the near second judgment period is continuously less than Either equal to the lower limit of the preset weight threshold, or judge whether the self-assessment weight triggered by the key is less than the lower limit of the self-assessment threshold in the self-assessment period; when the judgment result is true, an instruction to reduce the infusion is issued.
  • each first judgment cycle will make a judgment on the conditions of incremental infusion and decremental infusion at the same time, and only when the judgments of multiple first judgment cycles are all true, can the basic requirement of decremental infusion be met. request, and then issue a command to reduce the infusion.
  • This setting method perfectly fits the incremental infusion and decremental infusion, that is, it only needs to set the upper and lower limits of the infusion volume threshold and the preset weight threshold for the first judgment cycle once, and there is no need to set the upper and lower limits of the threshold for the second judgment cycle.
  • a set of thresholds is designed to reduce the complexity of the system and realize the judgment requirements of increasing infusion and decreasing infusion.
  • the control module can only set one comparator for the judgment of increasing infusion, such as the first comparator or the fifth comparator.
  • the first comparator and the fifth comparator can also be set at the same time, and the two comparators are monitored at the same time, and the judgment is executed whichever triggers first.
  • only one comparator such as the second comparator or the sixth comparator, can be set for the judgment about the infusion reduction, or both the second comparator and the sixth comparator can be set.
  • the present invention mainly provides two kinds of judging mechanisms, one is real-time judging, at this time, the first judging cycle related to the increase infusion order is the time backtracking from the judging moment, and the second judging cycle related to the lowering infusion order
  • the period is the time traced back from the judgment moment.
  • the comparator judges to be true at the current moment, an instruction to increase infusion or decrease infusion is issued immediately, and the timer is reset to zero.
  • the deceleration module comparator's judgment on "continuity” such as the judgment of the second comparator, the fourth comparator, the sixth comparator and the eighth comparator, it is within the second judgment period, A real-time judgment is made every time a unit judgment cycle passes.
  • the accumulated weight value of the effective single infusion information of the unit judgment cycle is less than or equal to the lower limit of the preset weight threshold, or the total infusion volume is less than or equal to the current infusion volume threshold
  • the judgment result at the lower limit is true, and the basic standard for triggering the infusion reduction instruction must be reached only when the judgment result is true in a plurality of consecutive unit judgment cycles in the second judgment cycle.
  • the first judgment period that is, the unit judgment period
  • the second judgment period is six hours.
  • the preset weight threshold is the cumulative weight value used to compare valid single infusion information in the first judgment period.
  • the infusion volume threshold is the threshold used to compare the total infusion volume in the first judgment cycle, a "real-time judgment" is performed every hour, and when it is judged to be true for six consecutive hours, the deceleration module's The output of the comparator is true about the judgment of "continuity".
  • the unit judgment period of the present invention can be at least 1 second, and the highest is not higher than the second judgment period, and those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the number of consecutive true judgments according to the unit judgment period. After the infusion increase command or infusion decrease command is issued, the corresponding comparator re-enters the next judgment period.
  • Another judging mechanism is to run the aforementioned comparator every fixed time. This judging mechanism is mainly based on the calculation of the control module after the first judging period and/or the second judging period after the initial timing, and the timer resets to zero after the calculation is completed.
  • the time when all the comparators of the present invention determine that the infusion increases or decreases the infusion command is true may be the time when the judgment is true or the end of the period, which is not specifically limited.
  • the instruction to increase the infusion is issued when the first comparator or the fifth comparator judges to be true, or at the end of the first judgment cycle; the instruction to decrease the infusion is issued when the second judgment Emitted when the period ends.
  • the instruction to increase the infusion is issued when the third comparator or the seventh comparator judges to be true, or at the end of the first judgment period; the instruction to decrease the infusion is issued at the end of the second judgment period issue.
  • the present invention uses weights as an important basis for judging whether to increase or decrease infusion, and the combination of weight and infusion volume is a more favorable implementation to improve judgment accuracy.
  • This judgment rule incorporates the patient's assessment of pain into the elements of changing the infusion volume, avoiding that fixed time parameters or infusion volume parameters cannot respond and adjust to the patient's pain in a timely manner.
  • the determination of infusion volume and weight in the present invention is the effective infusion volume and effective weight outside the locked period, and does not include invalid operations within the locked period into the assessment of patient pain. Invalid operations are based on the patient's pain and tolerance However, the response to pain is not objective.
  • the second judgment period is longer than the first judgment period is implicitly expressed, and should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention. Because triggering an effective command to reduce the infusion requires evaluating the pain of the patient over a longer period of time, and starting to increase the infusion command requires a certain response efficiency to achieve timely analgesia.
  • the multiple of the second judging cycle compared with the first judging cycle is not limited to an integer multiple, and those skilled in the art can make adaptive changes according to actual needs.
  • the first judging cycle is 0.5-2 hours, preferably is 1 hour; the second judgment period is 4-10 hours, preferably 6 hours.
  • the inclusion of the patient's assessment of pain into the elements of the infusion volume change described in the present invention includes the automatic judgment of the infusion device based on the corresponding weight of the patient's trigger button, which can also be understood as “passive evaluation”, and also includes The infusion device triggers a self-assessment program, requiring the patient to make a current pain assessment during the self-assessment period, and the weight corresponding to the patient’s trigger button during the self-assessment period is incorporated into the judgment rules of the speed-up module and the deceleration module, which is also understandable as "active evaluation”.
  • any button pressed by the patient will not trigger a single infusion (or a single infusion signal is generated but the signal is blocked during transmission to the pump body), but the patient’s invalid
  • the single infusion information will be counted for reference by medical staff as necessary.
  • the locking period described in the present invention is not independent of the first judging period and the second judging period, but is included in the judging period or partly included in the judging period (referring to a locking period spanning two adjacent judgment periods).
  • the lock period is generally shorter than the first judgment period, the theoretical value interval is 5-30 minutes, and the preferred interval is 10-20 minutes.
  • Those skilled in the art can determine according to the route of administration, the type of infused drug, the concentration of the drug, and the pump body infusion. Infusion characteristics, continuous infusion rate, lock cycle, and the patient's own situation are subject to adaptive changes.
  • the self-assessment cycle described in the present invention is also not independent of the first judgment cycle and the second judgment cycle, and any button triggered by the patient during the self-evaluation cycle will not trigger a single infusion (or generate a single injection) infusion signal but the signal was blocked during transmission to the pump body).
  • the weighting of the present invention may affect the locking period in addition to the bolus volume.
  • the locking period is extended or shortened on the basis of the preset locking period according to the weight of the effective single infusion information at the timing start moment. More specifically, when the weight of the button corresponding to the trigger button is high, the locking period is extended on the basis of the preset locking period, and the higher the weight, the longer the extended time; when the weight corresponding to the trigger button is lower, the locking period
  • the cycle is shortened on the basis of the preset lock cycle, and the lower the weight, the more time shortened. The larger the weight button triggered, the larger the single infusion volume, and the corresponding extension of the locking time is to avoid the situation of excessive infusion in a short time.
  • the total infusion volume mentioned in the present invention includes the sum of the continuous infusion volume and the single infusion volume outside the locking period. Include the sum of the infusion volume produced by continuous infusion rate infusion in the first judgment period or the unit judgment period and the single infusion volume performed outside the lockout period.
  • the continuous infusion volume can be characterized by the continuous infusion rate of the constant-velocity infusion device.
  • the continuous infusion volume of these pumps is based on the product of the time series and the continuous infusion rate.
  • the continuous infusion rate is a uniform, linear Any one or a combination of acceleration, linear deceleration, nonlinear acceleration, and nonlinear deceleration.
  • the preferred embodiment is the product of time and continuous infusion rate during the first decision period.
  • the continuous infusion volume also includes the pump body for non-uniform infusion, and also includes the pump body for pulse infusion.
  • the infusion speed and infusion volume in the corresponding time are controlled by adjusting the pulse frequency or size.
  • the continuous infusion of the pump body The infusion volume is the sum of the same or different pulse infusion volumes based on time series. A preferred embodiment is the sum of the same or different pulse infusion volumes within the first decision period.
  • the continuous infusion speed of the pump body will be increased or decreased accordingly.
  • the increased or decreased continuous infusion rate can be pre-set in the storage module, or can be increased or decreased by a fixed percentage within a certain range based on the initial continuous infusion rate, for example, the continuous infusion rate of the next cycle after triggering an increase infusion command
  • the infusion rate was 30% higher than the initial continuous infusion rate, and the continuous infusion rate for the next cycle after retriggering was 60% higher than the initial continuous infusion rate. It can also be increased or decreased by a fixed percentage based on the last infusion speed.
  • the continuous infusion speed is increased by 30% after the first trigger to increase the infusion command, which is 130% of the initial continuous infusion speed. If it is triggered again, it will increase by 130%
  • the continuous infusion rate is 169% of the initial continuous infusion rate.
  • the above calculation method is also applicable to the reduction infusion. For example, after triggering the infusion reduction instruction, the continuous infusion rate of the next cycle is reduced by 20% compared with the initial continuous infusion rate, and after triggering again, the continuous infusion rate of the next cycle is reduced by 40% compared with the initial continuous infusion rate.
  • the continuous infusion rate is reduced by 20% after the first trigger of the tapering infusion command, which is 80% of the initial continuous infusion rate, and the trigger is based on 80% again Decrease another 20% for a continuous infusion rate of 64% of the initial continuous infusion rate.
  • the continuous infusion rate of the pump body is provided with a corresponding continuous infusion rate threshold, hereinafter also referred to as the automatic adjustment range, which limits the safety range during the continuous infusion process and prevents continuous automatic volume increase. Injection or reduced infusion poses risks. When the continuous infusion rate reaches the upper or lower limit of the threshold, any operation will not further increase or decrease the continuous infusion rate, and an alarm indication will be issued as necessary.
  • the present invention can also introduce the technical means of "infusion level" according to the actual situation.
  • the storage module is also used to obtain the infusion level; when the speed-up module determines that the conditions are all true, it sends an increase infusion instruction, and the increase infusion instruction is used to increase the current infusion level, and at the same time raise the pump body
  • the continuous infusion speed and infusion volume threshold of the speed regulation module when the deceleration module determines that the conditions are all true, it sends out a decrease infusion instruction, which is used to reduce the current infusion level, and at the same time reduces the speed of the pump body.
  • Continuous infusion rate and infusion volume threshold is used to automatically adjust the continuous infusion speed/continuous infusion volume of the pump body.
  • the pump body increases or decreases the continuous infusion speed of the pump body according to a preset value; as another preferred adjustment method, the pump body increases or decreases the continuous infusion speed according to the gear-up ratio,
  • the step-up ratio is to increase or decrease the continuous infusion rate in the manner of proportional accumulation, or to increase or decrease the continuous infusion rate in the manner of proportional multiplication.
  • Each infusion level has a corresponding continuous infusion rate and infusion volume threshold.
  • the infusion volume threshold should be adjusted to meet the changed continuous infusion rate, so that the acceleration module and deceleration module can judge the infusion volume more objectively.
  • the infusion volume threshold and the infusion level are both preset, and after inputting the initial continuous infusion volume or initial continuous infusion speed, it corresponds to the median or middle value of the infusion level. Near the value, when an increase infusion command or a decrease infusion command is triggered, an infusion level is increased or decreased respectively, and correspondingly, the infusion volume threshold is also adjusted.
  • the infusion volume threshold is based on
  • a 1 is the last continuous infusion volume in the first judgment cycle T
  • B is the basic single infusion volume
  • t is the preset lock cycle
  • p and q are the adjustment coefficients of 0-1
  • the values of T and t are Units are the same, unified as hours or minutes;
  • these parameters can be set on the pump body of the infusion device, for example, set the "initial continuous infusion volume", “basic single infusion volume", The “first judgment period” and “preset lock period”, etc., and it is necessary to express the upper and lower limits of the calculated infusion volume threshold, as well as the upper and lower limits of the preset weight threshold, and the "initial continuous infusion volume "Set the secondary menu, which is used to set the continuous infusion volume under each infusion level.
  • the keys in the present invention are all virtual keys, or all are physical keys, or a combination of virtual keys and physical keys is adopted.
  • the virtual button refers to that the self-control infusion panel is integrated with a memory, a processor and a touch screen, and a single infusion information or self-assessment is triggered through the virtual button on the touch screen.
  • the number of keys is 4-12.
  • the minimum number of buttons can be set to 4, corresponding to "no pain”, “slight pain”, “moderate pain” and “severe pain”. Those skilled in the art can make adaptive changes to the number of buttons according to clinical and scoring rules. within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • buttons 11 which includes a weight of "0”, which will not trigger any effective single infusion volume, and the patient indicates "no pain” after being pressed during the self-assessment period; the remaining The 10 buttons correspond to weights "1" to "10” respectively.
  • a prompter is provided on the pump body or the self-control infusion panel, and when the prompter is triggered, it enters the beginning of the self-assessment period.
  • the prompter includes, but is not limited to, any one or a combination of indicator lights, horns, vibration devices, and buzzers.
  • the self-controlled infusion panel or each button is provided with a weight mark, and the weight mark corresponds to the weight of the effective single infusion information one by one incrementally or remains constant.
  • the weight mark is selected from any one or a combination of including but not limited to integer Arabic numerals, emotional symbols, color blocks with color marks, lines, and scales.
  • the infusion device of the present invention also includes a central monitoring server, a display screen, a signal receiving device communicatively connected with the central monitoring server, and a signal transmitting device arranged on the pump body or the self-control infusion panel, and the signal transmitting device is used for Transmit the infusion data to the central monitoring server, the infusion data is selected from any one or more of the following combinations including but not limited to: the weighted cumulative value or average value of a single infusion information valid within the statistical period, invalid within the statistical period The weighted cumulative value or mean value of a single infusion information, the infusion rate based on time series or the continuous infusion volume in a statistical period, the average infusion rate in a statistical period, and the single infusion of valid single infusion information within a certain period of time Accumulated value of infusion volume, weight of keys triggered within the self-assessment time, current infusion level and infusion speed, low infusion volume status and high infusion volume status.
  • the central monitoring server can be a server central control platform currently used in hospitals or workstations, and communicates with the infusion device in a wired or wireless manner.
  • the signal transmitting device and the signal receiving device are selected from any one or a combination of communication methods including but not limited to Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and RFID.
  • the present invention does not incorporate the invalid single infusion information into the system for automatically adjusting the infusion volume, but still obtains this information and presents it as data for reference by medical staff.
  • the central monitoring system obtains the data transmitted by the infusion device that matches each patient, performs necessary conversion on the weight data within or outside the accepted locking period, for example, by percentage, and then displays displayed on the screen.
  • the information displayed includes basic information of the patient, infusion volume during the statistical period, infusion status (speed), average pain of the patient, pain during the lockout period, etc.
  • the present invention also provides a control method based on automatic control weight and infusion volume judgment, which is used to control an infusion device.
  • the infusion device includes a pump body, a drug storage device and an infusion pipeline.
  • the infusion system also includes an automatic control An infusion panel, the self-control infusion panel is provided with a number of buttons; for the judgment of incremental infusion, the steps are as follows:
  • S220 Execute any one or more judgment steps of S221-S224. When the judgment results are all true or partially true, send an instruction to increase infusion to the pump body, and enter the next first judgment cycle. If none of them are true, do not Issue an increase infusion instruction, and enter the next first judgment cycle,
  • S221 Determine whether the total infusion volume in the first determination period is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the current infusion volume threshold
  • S222 Determine whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information in the first determination period is the maximum weight in the first determination period
  • S223 Determine whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information is greater than or equal to the weight of the previous valid single infusion information
  • S224 Determine whether the self-assessment weight triggered by pressing the key is greater than the upper limit of the self-assessment threshold in the self-assessment period.
  • S420 Execute any one or more judgment steps of S421 and S422. When the judgment results are all true or partly true, send an instruction to reduce the infusion to the pump body, and enter the next second judgment cycle. If none of them are true, do not Issue a lower infusion command and enter the next second judgment cycle,
  • the total infusion volume within a certain period of time is used as the main criterion for determination.
  • the judgment of incremental infusion includes the following steps:
  • S520 Send an instruction to increase infusion to the pump body, and enter the next first judgment period
  • the judgment of the total infusion volume is used as the starting judgment element, and other judgment conditions are used as the additional judgment elements. , including the following steps:
  • the judgment of incremental infusion includes the following steps:
  • S620 Execute any one or more judgment steps of S621-S624. When the judgment results are all true or partially true, send an instruction to increase infusion to the pump body, and enter the next first judgment cycle. If not all true, do not Issue an increase infusion instruction, and enter the next first judgment cycle,
  • S621 Determine whether the accumulated weight value of valid single infusion information in the first determination period is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the preset weight threshold;
  • S622 Determine whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information in the first determination period is the maximum weight in the first determination period
  • S623 Determine whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information is greater than or equal to the weight of the previous valid single infusion information
  • S820 Execute any one or more of the judgment steps of S821 and S822. When the judgment results are all true or partially true, send an instruction to reduce the infusion to the pump body, and enter the next second judgment cycle. If none of them are true, do not Issue a lower infusion command and enter the next second judgment cycle,
  • S821 Determine whether the accumulated weight value of valid single infusion information in the second determination period is continuously less than or equal to the lower limit of the preset weight threshold;
  • the pump body or the self-control infusion panel is provided with a prompter, and the steps of judging the self-assessment weight and self-assessment threshold triggered by buttons in the self-assessment cycle include:
  • step S930 If the judgment result of step S920 is not true, the current infusion level is maintained, and the self-assessment period ends.
  • the continuous infusion volume of the pump body is based on the product of the time series and the continuous infusion rate, or the sum of the same or different pulse infusion volumes based on the time series. Product, or the sum of the same or different pulse infusion volumes in the first decision period.
  • the current infusion level is increased, and at the same time, the continuous infusion speed and infusion volume threshold are increased; when an instruction to decrease infusion is triggered, the current infusion level is reduced, and the continuous infusion Infusion rate and infusion volume threshold. See above for descriptions of infusion levels, continuous infusion rates, and infusion volume thresholds.
  • different single infusion levels can be designed for each button, corresponding to different single infusion volumes; the effective single infusion information can also be corresponding to 3-10 different single infusion levels, and the button value Positively correlated with the size of a single infusion.
  • the button whose value corresponds to 3 or 4 can correspond to the basic single infusion volume, and the remaining single infusion volumes are respectively distributed within the range of 30%-300% of the single infusion volume.
  • the infusion device can be further expanded to include a self-control infusion panel, a central monitoring server, a display screen, a signal receiving device communicatively connected with the central monitoring server, and a signal transmitting device arranged on the pump body or the self-control infusion panel
  • the control method of self-control weight and infusion volume judgment is also used to send infusion data to the central monitoring server through the signal transmitting device.
  • the infusion data is selected from any one or combination of the following: the weighted cumulative value or average value of valid single infusion information within the statistical period, the weighted cumulative value or average value of invalid single infusion information within the statistical period, Infusion rate based on time series or continuous infusion volume in statistical period, average infusion rate in statistical period, cumulative value of single infusion volume of effective single infusion information within a certain period of time, triggered by self-assessment time Button weight, current infusion level and infusion rate, low infusion volume state and high infusion volume state.
  • the present invention creatively adopts the cumulative weighted value of effective single infusion in a certain period of time as the judgment basis, which can be judged independently, and can be used as a priority judgment condition to cooperate with other subordinate judgment conditions Improving the judgment accuracy can also cooperate with the judgment of the total infusion volume to monitor the patient's infusion situation and pain level more efficiently and accurately.
  • the present invention provides two technical schemes for the sending timing of infusion instructions, that is, two modes of real-time monitoring and period-by-period monitoring are provided. Different types of products are designed according to the use of drugs, infusion methods, product design schemes, etc.
  • the present invention does not limit the relationship between the judging conditions of incremental infusion and decremental infusion, so the judging of incremental infusion and decremental infusion can be performed at the same time, and can be judged once by the conditional statement, and those skilled in the art can further optimize Judgment statement to achieve higher precision monitoring with fewer resources.
  • the single infusion volume and weight of invalid infusion are excluded from the judging conditions of incremental infusion and decremental infusion. Stability seriously affects the accuracy of monitoring.
  • the present invention can uniformly set the first judgment period and the second judgment period, raises the threshold of volume reduction infusion, and provides more convenience for users to set the parameters of the infusion device.
  • the present invention can standardize the setting of the existing commonly used infusion parameters.
  • variable related parameters of continuous infusion speed/infusion volume and single infusion volume they can be set in the secondary menu.
  • the use of both enters the second-level single-time setting parameters, which improves more convenience for users.
  • the technical solution of the present invention includes both active and passive pain assessment modes, and provides patients with pain scores during the self-assessment period, sets conditions for the triggering of the self-assessment period, and opens up the effectiveness of the self-assessment results.
  • the PCA panel can effectively guide patients in pain assessment, and has high market prospects and application value.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the basic system framework of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of each module of the pump body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention with the effective single infusion weight accumulation value as the only determination element;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, which takes the cumulative value of effective single infusion weight as the starting judgment element, and the total infusion volume, near effective single infusion weight and self-assessment weight as additional judgment elements;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention with the total infusion volume as the only determination element;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the control module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, which takes the total infusion volume as the starting judgment element, and the cumulative value of effective single infusion weight, near effective single infusion weight and self-assessment weight as additional judgment elements;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-controlled infusion panel in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture in which multiple infusion devices are applied to the wireless local area network to communicate with the central monitoring server and displayed on multiple displays according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • Fig. 9 is a flow chart of the incremental infusion control method in Embodiment 3 of the present invention in which the cumulative value of the effective single infusion weight is used as the only judgment condition;
  • Fig. 10 is a flowchart of an incremental infusion control method for further judging whether the additional judging conditions meet the requirements by taking the cumulative weighted value of the effective single infusion as the starting judging condition in Embodiment 3 of the present invention
  • Fig. 11 is a flow chart of the control method for decremented infusion in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, in which the cumulative value of effective single infusion weight is used as the only judgment condition;
  • Fig. 12 is a flow chart of the method for controlling the decrement infusion by using the accumulated value of effective single infusion weight as the starting judgment condition in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and further judging whether the additional judgment condition meets the requirements;
  • Fig. 13 is a flow chart of the incremental infusion control method in which the total infusion volume is used as the only judgment condition in Embodiment 3 of the present invention
  • Fig. 14 is a flow chart of the incremental infusion control method for further judging whether the additional judging conditions meet the requirements by taking the total infusion volume as the starting judging condition in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
  • Fig. 15 is a flow chart of the method for controlling infusion reduction in which the total infusion volume is used as the only judgment condition in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a flow chart of the method for reducing the volume of infusion in Example 3 of the present invention as the starting judgment condition, and further judging whether the additional judgment condition meets the requirements;
  • P1 in FIGS. 9-16 represents the first determination cycle
  • P2 represents the second determination cycle
  • this embodiment provides an infusion device, including a pump body 200, a drug storage device 300, an infusion pipeline 400 and a self-controlled infusion panel 100, on which there are several buttons.
  • the pump body at least includes a speed regulating module, a storage module, a single infusion module, a locking module and a control module.
  • the speed regulation module is used to receive the instruction to increase or decrease the infusion and adjust the continuous infusion speed of the pump body accordingly;
  • the storage module is used to store the invalid single infusion triggered by all the buttons on the self-control infusion panel within the locking period Information, valid single infusion information triggered by all buttons on the self-controlled infusion panel outside the lock cycle, continuous infusion speed and/or continuous infusion volume of the pump body based on time series, and threshold value of infusion volume, among which invalid single infusion
  • the infusion information and effective single infusion information include the weight of each button and the single infusion volume, and the single infusion volume is a constant value, or is positively correlated according to the weight distribution.
  • the single infusion module is used to send a single infusion signal including the single infusion volume to the pump body according to the weight of the valid single infusion information;
  • the locking module is used to obtain the preset locking period and The timing of the locking period starts when the information is triggered;
  • the control module is used to compare the weight accumulation value of the effective single infusion information with the preset weight threshold within a certain period of time and/or compare the total infusion volume with the current infusion within a certain period of time. Compared with the volume threshold, an instruction to increase or decrease the infusion is issued.
  • FIG. 3 shows the control module with the effective single infusion weight accumulation value as the only judgment element.
  • the control module is composed of a speed-up module and a speed-down module.
  • the speed-up module only includes a first comparator, which is used to judge whether the weight accumulation value of valid single infusion information in the first judgment cycle is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the preset weight threshold, and if the judgment result is true, an instruction to increase the infusion is issued .
  • the deceleration module only contains the second comparator, which is used to judge whether the weight accumulation value of the effective single infusion information in the second judgment period is continuously less than or equal to the lower limit of the preset weight threshold, and if the judgment results are all true, it will issue Reduce infusion orders.
  • Figure 4 further shows the control module that takes the cumulative value of effective single infusion weight as the starting judgment element, and the total infusion volume, near effective single infusion weight and self-assessment weight as additional judgment elements.
  • the speed-up module also includes a third comparator, which is used to further execute any one or more of the following instructions when the judgment of the first comparator is true: judging whether the total infusion volume in the first judgment period is greater than Or equal to the upper limit of the current infusion volume threshold, or judge whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information in the first judgment cycle is the maximum weight in the first judgment cycle, or judge the weight of the last valid single infusion information Whether the weight is greater than or equal to the weight of the previous valid single infusion information, or judge whether the self-assessment weight triggered by the button during the self-assessment cycle is greater than the upper limit of the self-assessment threshold; when the above-mentioned judgment results are all true or partially true Add infusion instructions.
  • the deceleration module also includes a fourth comparator, which is used to further execute any one of the following instructions when the judgment of the second comparator is true: judge whether the total infusion volume within the second judgment period is continuously less than or equal to the current infusion volume threshold The lower limit of the self-assessment threshold, or judge whether the self-assessment weight triggered by the button is less than the lower limit of the self-assessment threshold in the self-assessment period; when the judgment result is true or partially true, an instruction to reduce the infusion is issued.
  • Figure 5 shows the control module with the total infusion volume as the only criterion.
  • the speed-up module includes a fifth comparator, which is used to judge whether the total infusion volume in the first judgment cycle is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the current infusion volume threshold, and if the judgment result is true, an instruction to increase the infusion is issued;
  • the deceleration module includes a second Six comparators, used for judging whether the total infusion volume in the second judging period is continuously less than or equal to the lower limit of the current infusion volume threshold, and if all the judging results are true, an instruction to reduce the infusion is issued.
  • Figure 6 further shows the control module that takes the total infusion volume as the starting judgment element, and the effective single infusion weight cumulative value, the near effective single infusion weight and the self-assessment weight as the additional judgment elements.
  • the speed-up module also includes a seventh comparator, which is used to further execute any one or more of the following instructions when the judgment of the fifth comparator is true: judging the weight of valid single infusion information in the first judgment cycle Whether the accumulated value is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the preset weight threshold, or judge whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information in the first judgment cycle is the maximum weight in the first judgment cycle, or judge whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information is the maximum weight in the first judgment cycle Whether the weight of the note information is greater than or equal to the weight of the previous valid single infusion information, or judge whether the self-assessment weight triggered by the button during the self-assessment period is greater than the upper limit of the self-assessment threshold; when the judgment results are all true or partially
  • the deceleration module also includes an eighth comparator, which is used to further execute any one of the following instructions when the judgment of the sixth comparator is true: judging whether the weight accumulation value of the effective single infusion information in the near second judgment period is continuously less than or equal to Preset the lower limit of the weight threshold, or judge whether the self-assessment weight triggered by pressing a button is less than the lower limit of the self-assessment threshold during the self-assessment period; when the judgment result is true or partially true, an instruction to reduce the infusion is issued.
  • an eighth comparator which is used to further execute any one of the following instructions when the judgment of the sixth comparator is true: judging whether the weight accumulation value of the effective single infusion information in the near second judgment period is continuously less than or equal to Preset the lower limit of the weight threshold, or judge whether the self-assessment weight triggered by pressing a button is less than the lower limit of the self-assessment threshold during the self-assessment period; when the judgment result is true or partially true
  • comparators For the above eight comparators, those skilled in the art can select one or more comparators for the speed-up module to judge, and select one or more comparators for the deceleration module to judge, so the above comparators can also be arranged and combined. In order to obtain a more flexible control judgment method.
  • the above-mentioned increase infusion instruction or decrease infusion instruction may be issued when the corresponding comparator determines that it is true, or it may be issued at the end of the first determination period or the end of the second determination period.
  • the continuous infusion volume of the pump can be based on the product of time series and continuous infusion speed, and the continuous infusion speed can be any one or more of constant speed, linear increase, linear deceleration, nonlinear increase, and nonlinear deceleration Combination; can also be the sum of the same or different pulse infusion volumes based on time series.
  • the continuous infusion speed of the pump body When the present invention triggers an increase infusion command or a decrease in infusion command, the continuous infusion speed of the pump body will be increased or decreased accordingly.
  • the increased or decreased continuous infusion rate can be pre-set in the storage module, or can be increased or decreased by a fixed percentage within a certain range based on the initial continuous infusion rate, or can be increased by a fixed percentage based on the last infusion rate or lower.
  • it can also be achieved by increasing or decreasing the "infusion level", while adjusting the continuous infusion speed and infusion volume threshold of the pump body.
  • FIG. 7 A more specific self-controlled infusion panel 200 is shown in FIG. 7 . It can be seen that the infusion panel includes a housing 210, on which there are 11 buttons 220 arranged in a row, and one side of the buttons 220 is provided with 11 digital marks 230 from 0 to 10, corresponding to 11 weights from 0 to 10 . The other side of the button 220 is provided with an emotional symbol 240, and as the weight gradually increases, the emotional symbol 240 gradually expresses tension and pain.
  • a text note 250 is provided on one side of the emotional symbol 240, which can help patients improve the accuracy of pain scoring, such as: no pain, mild pain (1-3), moderate pain (4-6), severe pain (7- 10), it can also be combined with some enlightening words, such as whether the pain affects sleep to help patients evaluate the pain.
  • pain scoring such as: no pain, mild pain (1-3), moderate pain (4-6), severe pain (7- 10)
  • some enlightening words such as whether the pain affects sleep to help patients evaluate the pain.
  • there is a color band 260 between the buttons that gradually transitions from blue (indicating sedation) to green, orange (moderate pain) and red (severe pain) to help improve the patient's understanding of the pain score.
  • the self-control infusion panel 200 is also provided with an infusion status indicator light 280 and an alarm prompt light 290, and a loudspeaker 270 is provided on one side, which can play prompt sounds or music; it can also be used to prompt the patient to enter the self-assessment program, and teach the patient how to proceed. self-assessment operation.
  • buttons 220, number marks 230, emoticons 240, text annotations 250, and ribbons 260 can all be realized by user interaction interfaces of electronic terminals, such as touch-screen electronic terminals.
  • the alarm prompt can be realized by using the vibration mechanism of the electronic terminal.
  • Fig. 8 shows a technical solution in which multiple infusion pumps communicate with the central monitoring server in a wireless local area network, and further display on multiple display screens.
  • the self-controlled infusion panel has its own wireless signal transmitter, which collects infusion data through a wireless router and uploads it to the central monitoring server in real time.
  • the infusion data can be part or all of the following information: the weighted cumulative value or mean value of valid single infusion information in the statistical period, the weighted cumulative value or mean value of invalid single infusion information in the statistical period, infusion based on time series The speed or continuous infusion volume in the statistical period, the average infusion rate in the statistical period, the cumulative value of the single infusion volume of valid single infusion information within a certain period of time, the weight of the button triggered within the self-assessment time, the current infusion Level and infusion rate, prompt for low infusion volume status, high infusion volume status prompt, or prompt for early termination of infusion.
  • This embodiment provides a variety of judging methods for increasing infusion and decreasing infusion. The method is based on the infusion set described above.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • S220 Execute any one or more judgment steps of S221-S224. When the judgment results are all true or partially true, send an instruction to increase infusion to the pump body, and enter the next first judgment cycle. If none of them are true, do not Issue an increase infusion instruction, and enter the next first judgment cycle,
  • S221 Determine whether the total infusion volume in the first determination period is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the current infusion volume threshold
  • S222 Determine whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information in the first determination period is the maximum weight in the first determination period
  • S223 Determine whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information is greater than or equal to the weight of the previous valid single infusion information
  • S224 Determine whether the self-assessment weight triggered by pressing the key is greater than the upper limit of the self-assessment threshold in the self-assessment period.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • S420 Execute any one or more judgment steps of S421 and S422. When the judgment results are all true or partly true, send an instruction to reduce the infusion to the pump body, and enter the next second judgment cycle. If none of them are true, do not Issue a lower infusion command and enter the next second judgment cycle,
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • S520 Send an instruction to increase infusion to the pump body, and enter the next first judgment period
  • the total infusion volume is used as the starting judgment condition, and further judges whether the additional judgment condition meets the required incremental infusion Control Method
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • S620 Execute any one or more judgment steps of S621-S624. When the judgment results are all true or partially true, send an instruction to increase infusion to the pump body, and enter the next first judgment cycle. If not all true, do not Issue an increase infusion instruction, and enter the next first judgment cycle,
  • S621 Determine whether the accumulated weight value of valid single infusion information in the first determination period is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the preset weight threshold;
  • S622 Determine whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information in the first determination period is the maximum weight in the first determination period
  • S623 Determine whether the weight of the latest valid single infusion information is greater than or equal to the weight of the previous valid single infusion information
  • the total infusion volume is used as the only judgment condition to reduce the infusion control method
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • the total infusion volume is used as the start-up judgment condition, and further judges whether the additional judgment condition meets the requirements of reduced-volume infusion Control Method
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • S820 Execute any one or more of the judgment steps of S821 and S822. When the judgment results are all true or partially true, send an instruction to reduce the infusion to the pump body, and enter the next second judgment cycle. If none of them are true, do not Issue a lower infusion command and enter the next second judgment cycle,
  • S821 Determine whether the accumulated weight value of valid single infusion information in the second determination period is continuously less than or equal to the lower limit of the preset weight threshold;
  • the lock period is adjusted based on the preset lock period, and the adjustment method includes the following steps:
  • the judgment steps of the self-assessment weight and self-assessment threshold triggered by the button during the self-assessment period include:
  • S910 Trigger the prompter, and the self-assessment period starts timing
  • step S930 If the judgment result of step S920 is not true, the current infusion level is maintained, and the self-assessment period ends.
  • the infusion device includes a pump body, a medicine storage device, an infusion pipeline and a self-control infusion panel.
  • the basic design is shown in Figure 7, but the speaker and indicator light Located on the infusion pump, not on the self-administered infusion panel.
  • the pump body adopts a constant speed infusion mode, and pumps the drug in the drug storage device to the target position through the infusion pipeline.
  • the continuous infusion rate of the pump body will not change without triggering an increase infusion command or a decrease in infusion command.
  • the outermost layer of the pump body is a housing with a touch setting interface.
  • the housing is equipped with a control panel, an information display interface and a pump head.
  • the control panel is integrated with a speed regulating module, a single infusion module, a locking module, a control module and storage medium.
  • the total infusion is 100ml
  • the initial continuous infusion rate is 2ml/h
  • the basic single infusion volume is 1ml
  • the preset lock period is 10 minutes
  • the limit is 1 hour.
  • the volume is 8ml, that is, in any case, when the cumulative infusion volume reaches 8ml in 1 hour, the infusion will be automatically stopped and an alarm will be issued.
  • the automatic adjustment range is between 0.5-4ml/h, that is, the continuous infusion rate will not exceed 4ml/h or lower than 0.5ml/h, for example, when the upper limit of the continuous infusion rate is 4ml/h, If the automatic volume increase infusion is triggered again, the continuous infusion speed will not be increased and the alarm will prompt that manual processing is required; if the infusion volume reaches the lower limit of 0.5ml/h, the information display interface of the pump head or the central monitoring system will display low infusion If the low infusion state is within 8 consecutive hours and the weight of each hour is less than or equal to 1, a self-assessment procedure will be triggered. If the score is 1 or below, the system will terminate the infusion or prompt that the infusion can be terminated early .
  • the trigger button value 0 does not perform a single infusion
  • the button weights 3 and 4 correspond to the same basic single infusion volume and preset lock cycle.
  • other weights are calculated according to the corresponding magnification Corresponding bolus volume and lockout period.
  • the single infusion volume, weight, and lock-in period all show a positive correlation distribution. In this embodiment, a distribution relationship between them is listed, as shown in Table 1:
  • Table 1 The relationship between single infusion volume, locking period and weight
  • the preset weight threshold is [2, 15].
  • the infusion device After the infusion device is started, output the judgment result of the relationship between the cumulative value of the effective single infusion weight outside the locked period and the upper limit of the preset weight threshold every 1 hour (the first judgment period), if it is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the weight threshold 15, then further judge whether the weight of the last effective single infusion in the past hour is the maximum weight within this hour, or judge whether the weight of the last effective single infusion is greater than or equal to the weight of the previous effective single infusion; When the judgment results are all true or partly true, an increase infusion instruction is issued, and the instruction is issued at the last moment of this hour, so that the continuous infusion rate of the pump body is automatically increased by 30% within the range of 0.5-4ml/h.
  • the infusion device After the infusion device is started, output the judgment result of the relationship between the cumulative value of the effective single infusion weight and the lower limit of the weight threshold every 1 hour (the first judgment period) in this period. or equal to the lower limit of the weight threshold 2, then an instruction to reduce the infusion is issued, which is issued at the last moment of these 6 hours, so that the continuous infusion rate of the pump body is automatically reduced by 30% within the range of 0.5-4ml/h.
  • the judgment is started every 1 hour, and the keys corresponding to the weights 4, 8, and 4 are pressed outside the locking period at the 10th minute, the 36th minute, and the 55th minute, respectively.
  • 1ml, 1.7ml, and 1ml self-controlled effective single infusion judged according to the above rules at 1 hour: the cumulative value of the weight of the effective single infusion in the past 1 hour is 16, which is greater than the upper limit of the preset weight threshold of 15, but additional
  • the last valid single infusion weight of 4 in the judgment is neither the maximum weight nor greater than or equal to the previous weight of 8, so it does not meet the conditions for increased infusion, so the original parameter operation is maintained. It can be seen that this judgment method incorporates the weight accumulation value into the main judgment basis, and further includes whether the patient's pain is on the rise as the judgment condition, which can start the increase infusion more accurately.
  • the judgment is started every 1 hour, and it is monitored that the patient presses the button corresponding to weight 7, 5, and 6 at the 7th minute, the 32nd minute, and the 53rd minute in the first hour. Press the button, and all of them are outside the locking period, so 1.7ml, 1.3ml, and 1.3ml of self-controlled effective single infusion were performed respectively, and the weight judgment was made at the end of the hour: the cumulative weight value of 18 was greater than the preset weight threshold upper limit of 15 , and the weight trend corresponding to the patient's button shows that the pain is increasing, so the increase infusion requirement is met, and the continuous infusion rate for the second hour will automatically increase by 30%, adjusted to 2.6ml/h, and displayed on the pump head, synchronously Displayed on the central control platform.
  • the continuous infusion rate corresponding to the third hour and the fourth hour are rounded as 3.4ml/h and 4ml/h, the upper limit of the continuous infusion rate threshold is reached in the fourth hour, so the continuous infusion rate will not exceed 4ml/h, and any operation thereafter will not increase the continuous infusion even if the increase condition is met Speed, and alarm prompts need manual processing.
  • the prompter triggers an alarm and stops the infusion, at which point medical personnel are required to intervene.
  • the cumulative weighted value per hour for 6 consecutive times is less than or equal to 2, and when the continuous speed infusion reaches the lower limit of the infusion volume threshold of 0.5ml/h, the pump head information display interface Display the low infusion status, and display it on the central control platform synchronously.
  • the 8th weight accumulation value is still less than or equal to 1, start the self-assessment program.
  • the self-controlled infusion panel prompts the patient to perform a pain score according to the requirements. If the weight triggered by the patient is 1 or below, the system prompts to terminate the infusion, or The infusion can be terminated prematurely.
  • the hardware configuration of the infusion device provided by this embodiment is basically the same as that of the previous embodiment, the difference is that the pump body does not infuse at a constant speed, but will automatically infuse at a deceleration of 0.4ml/ h2 at an initial continuous infusion rate of 2ml/h. Decrease the continuous infusion rate, as long as a valid single infusion is performed, the reduced continuous infusion rate will automatically return to the initial continuous infusion rate of the current infusion level.
  • the total infusion volume is 100ml
  • the initial continuous infusion rate is 2ml/h
  • the total infusion volume threshold for 1 hour that is, the first judgment period
  • the first judgment cycle is 1h
  • the second judgment cycle time is 4h
  • the unit judgment cycle in the second judgment cycle is 1h.
  • the pain self-assessment period is 1 min
  • the preset weight threshold is [1, 15].
  • the relationship between the single infusion volume, the weight, and the locking cycle is shown in Table 2. This setting is carried out in the secondary menu of the pump body touch setting interface, and the parameters of the increasing infusion and decreasing infusion rules Also set in the secondary menu.
  • the pump adjusts the continuous infusion speed and the threshold value of the infusion volume accordingly, that is, automatically adjusts the infusion level.
  • the infusion level can be set in the secondary menu, and the specific configuration is shown in Table 3:
  • level V is the default infusion level, corresponding to the initial continuous infusion rate.
  • Start judgment condition 1 After the infusion device is started, monitor the relationship between the weight accumulation value of all valid buttons outside the lock cycle triggered by the self-controlled infusion panel and the upper limit of the preset weight threshold in real time for nearly 1 hour (the first judgment period). or equal to 15, then additional judgment is further triggered: judge whether the latest effective single infusion weight in the near time is the maximum weight, or whether the last effective single infusion weight is greater than or equal to the previous effective single infusion weight, If either or both of the conditions are met, an increase infusion order is triggered. Otherwise, maintain the current infusion mode (continuous infusion rate is automatically reduced at a deceleration rate of 0.4ml/h 2 ).
  • Start judgment condition 2 Real-time monitor the relationship between the total infusion volume in the past 1 hour (the first judgment period) and the infusion volume threshold of the current infusion level, the total infusion volume is equal to the continuous infusion of the current infusion level for 1 hour The sum of the volume and the effective single infusion volume outside the lockout period within this 1 hour. If it is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the infusion volume threshold corresponding to the current infusion level, an additional judgment is further triggered: judge whether the latest valid single infusion weight in the near time is the maximum weight, or the last valid single infusion weight Whether it is greater than or equal to the previous effective single infusion weight. If either of the two meets the condition, or both meet the condition, the increase infusion instruction will be triggered. Otherwise, maintain the current infusion mode (continuous infusion rate is automatically reduced at a deceleration rate of 0.4ml/h 2 ).
  • Start judgment condition 3 Real-time monitoring of the relationship between the weight accumulation value of all valid keys outside the lock cycle triggered by the self-controlled infusion panel within the past 4 hours (the second judgment cycle) and the lower limit of the weight threshold, if it is continuously less than or equal to 1 (that is, every If the accumulated weights of all valid buttons outside the lockout period triggered by the hourly self-controlled infusion panel are less than or equal to 1, and are less than or equal to 1 for 4 consecutive hours, an instruction to reduce the infusion will be issued.
  • Start judgment condition 4 Real-time monitor the relationship between the total infusion volume and the infusion volume threshold in the past 4 hours (the second judgment period), if it is continuously less than or equal to the lower limit of the preset infusion volume threshold (that is, the total The infusion volume is less than or equal to the lower limit of the infusion volume threshold of the current level, taking the default infusion level V as an example, that is, the total infusion volume per hour is less than or equal to 3ml, and the total infusion volume is less than or equal to 3ml for 4 consecutive hours), then Start the self-assessment program. At this time, the self-controlled infusion panel prompts the patient to score the pain according to the requirements. If the weight triggered by the patient is less than 1, an instruction to reduce the infusion will be issued.
  • the lower limit of the preset infusion volume threshold that is, the total The infusion volume is less than or equal to the lower limit of the infusion volume threshold of the current level, taking the default infusion level V as an example, that is, the total infusion volume
  • the infusion reduction command is issued at the moment when the final judgment is true, the infusion level is reduced, and the continuous infusion speed and infusion volume threshold are reduced according to Table 3.
  • the initial continuous infusion rate of the initial infusion level V is 2ml/h.
  • the infusion is performed at a deceleration rate of 0.4ml/ h2 .
  • the total infusion volume in the first hour is 1.8ml, which is less than the lower limit of the infusion volume threshold by 3ml; after running for 2 hours, the total infusion volume in the second hour is 1.4ml; the patient triggers the button with weight 4 in the 2.5 hour
  • Table 2 it can be seen that an effective single infusion of 1ml is triggered, and the continuous infusion rate automatically returns to 2ml/h, and continues to decrease at a deceleration rate of 0.4ml/ h2 for the next 1.5 hours.
  • the infusion rate is 1.4ml/h.
  • the total infusion volume in the third hour is 2.5ml (continuous infusion volume is 1.5ml, single infusion volume is 1ml), and the total infusion volume in the fourth hour is 1.6ml.
  • the total infusion volume collected for 4 times in 1 hour was all less than the lower limit of the infusion volume threshold corresponding to the infusion level by 3ml. Note level, reduced from V level to IV level. Under the IV infusion level, the initial continuous infusion rate is 1.5ml/h, and the infusion is still reduced at a deceleration rate of 0.4ml/ h2 , and the infusion volume threshold is [2.5ml, 4.5ml]. If a valid bolus is triggered outside of the lockout period, the continuous infusion rate is automatically reverted to 1.5ml/h and infused at a deceleration of 0.4ml/h.
  • the timer is reset to zero, and the monitoring of the new infusion volume and the cumulative value of the effective single infusion weight is restarted.
  • the button corresponding to the weight 7 is triggered at the 10th minute. It is outside the 17-minute lockout period corresponding to the weight 7 triggered by the last effective single infusion, so it is an effective single infusion; it is also detected that a key corresponding to the weight 8 is triggered at the 30th minute, which is also a valid one
  • the current total infusion volume is the continuous infusion volume of 0.9ml plus two effective single infusions of 3.7ml for a total of 4.6ml, although the total infusion volume at this time has not reached the upper limit of the total infusion volume threshold of class V 5ml, but the additional judgment can still be triggered after the cumulative weight value reaches 15. After judging that the weight in this cycle is on the rise, the requirement for incremental infusion is met, and the infusion level is automatically raised to level VI.
  • the hardware configuration of the infusion device provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 4.
  • the initial continuous infusion rate is 2ml/h, and the continuous infusion rate is automatically reduced at a deceleration of 0.6ml/ h2 .
  • the decelerated continuation rate will automatically return to the initial continuation rate for the current infusion level.
  • the judgment of incremental infusion and decremental infusion is fixed at the end of each first judgment period/unit judgment period, and it is determined whether to issue an instruction for incremental infusion or a decremental infusion after the judgment.
  • the infusion levels in this embodiment are adjusted dynamically, instead of preset different initial continuous infusion rates and infusion volume thresholds according to different infusion levels.
  • the total infusion volume is 100ml
  • the 1-hour limit volume is 12ml
  • the first judgment cycle is 1h
  • the total infusion volume threshold is [0ml, 10ml]
  • the second judgment The period is 4h
  • the unit judgment period in the second judgment period is 1h
  • the pain self-evaluation period is 2min
  • the lower limit of the preset self-evaluation threshold is 1
  • the preset weight threshold is [2, 15].
  • Startup judgment condition 5 After the infusion device is started, the relationship between the weight accumulation value of all valid buttons outside the lockout period triggered by the self-controlled infusion panel and the preset weight threshold lasts for 1 hour (the first judgment period), and at the end of the period When comparing: if it is greater than or equal to 15, it will further trigger an additional judgment: judge whether the latest effective single infusion weight in the near time is the maximum weight, or whether the last effective single infusion weight is greater than or equal to the previous effective Single infusion weight, if any one of the two meets the condition, or both meet the condition, the increase infusion instruction will be triggered. Otherwise, maintain the current infusion mode (automatically reduce the continuous infusion rate at a deceleration rate of 0.6ml/h 2 ).
  • Start judgment condition 6 After the infusion device is started, monitor the relationship between the total infusion volume in the first judgment period and the infusion volume threshold of the current infusion level for 1 hour, and compare at the end of the period: if greater than or equal to the current infusion level
  • the upper limit of the infusion volume threshold corresponding to the injection level will further trigger an additional judgment: judge whether the latest valid single infusion weight is the maximum weight, or whether the last valid single infusion weight is greater than or equal to the previous effective Single infusion weight, if any one of the two meets the condition, or both meet the condition, the increase infusion instruction will be triggered. Otherwise, maintain the current infusion mode (automatically reduce the continuous infusion rate at a deceleration rate of 0.6ml/h 2 ).
  • the instruction for increasing the volume of infusion can be triggered.
  • Start Judgment Condition 7 Judgment whether within 4 hours, whether the accumulated weight value of each hour’s valid button is less than or equal to the lower limit 2 of the pre-trial weight threshold, if the judgment is true, no other additional judgments need to be triggered, and the infusion level will be reduced by one. At the same time, a command to reduce the infusion is issued.
  • Start Judgment Condition 8 Determine whether the total infusion volume per hour is continuously less than or equal to the lower limit of the infusion volume threshold of the corresponding infusion level within the 4 hours. If the judgment is true, additional judgment will be triggered: self-controlled infusion panel Start the self-assessment program, and the patient has effectively evaluated the pain during the self-assessment period. When the weight corresponding to the button triggered by the patient’s self-assessment is less than 1 point, the infusion level will be reduced by one level, and an instruction to reduce the infusion will be issued at the same time.
  • the infusion reduction instruction can be triggered.
  • the setting of the continuous infusion rate for each infusion level in this embodiment is shown in Table 5: except that the lower limit of the infusion volume threshold corresponding to the lowest infusion level I is 0 ml, and the upper limit of the infusion volume corresponding to the highest infusion level IX is 10 ml , and the upper and lower limit parameters of the 1h infusion volume range corresponding to each infusion level are automatically calculated using the formula [A 1 +p ⁇ B, A 1 +q ⁇ T/t ⁇ B].
  • a 1 is the continuous infusion volume of the current infusion level within 1 hour, that is, the area under the curve of the initial continuous infusion rate of the current infusion level under the deceleration variable for 1 hour, the unit is ml;
  • B is the basic unit
  • the 1h infusion volume threshold corresponding to the initial infusion level V is [2.5, 5].
  • infuse at a deceleration rate of 0.6ml/ h2 After running for 1 hour, the infusion volume of the drug solution within one hour is less than 2.5ml; continue to run for 1.5 hours, trigger button 4, self-controlled single infusion 1ml, the current continuous infusion rate is restored from 0.5ml/h to 2ml/h; the next 1.5 hours will continue to decrease at a deceleration rate of 0.6ml/h 2 to complete the infusion at the 4th hour, and the continuous infusion rate at this moment is 1.1ml/h h.
  • the total infusion volume per hour is 1.7ml, 1.1ml, 1.95ml, and 0.8ml from first to last, all of which are less than the lower limit of the infusion volume of the current infusion level V by 2.5ml;
  • the total infusion volume in this hour is 4.6ml (the continuous infusion volume is 1.4ml, the total effective single infusion volume is 3.2ml), exceeding the upper limit of 4.5ml of the current infusion level, combined with the trigger value 7 of the previous trigger value being 6 greater than the previous trigger value, meeting the conditions and automatically increasing by one Infusion level:
  • the initial continuous infusion rate is increased to 2ml/h, and the 1h infusion volume is adjusted to 2.5-5ml.
  • the hardware configuration of the infusion device provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 4.
  • the relationship between the self-controlled effective single infusion volume, the locking period and the weight is shown in Table 6; the limit for 1 hour is 10ml.
  • the infusion device After the infusion device is started, real-time monitor the relationship between the weight accumulation value of all valid buttons outside the lock period triggered by the self-controlled infusion panel and the upper limit of the preset weight threshold in the past 1 hour (the first judgment period). If it is greater than or equal to 15, then Further trigger additional judgment: judge whether the latest effective single infusion weight within the past 1 hour is the maximum weight within the past 1 hour, if it is true, immediately trigger an increase infusion command, and increase the continuous infusion speed of the pump body by 25%. If it is less than 15, maintain the current infusion method.
  • the single infusion module performs three effective single infusions of 1ml, 1ml, and 1.7ml respectively, and the cumulative effective weight value within these 55 minutes is 16, which is greater than the upper limit of the preset weight threshold of 15; then additional judgment is started, and the last time
  • the trigger weight 8 is the maximum weight triggered within this period, so the condition is met, the control module issues an instruction to increase the infusion, and the continuous infusion speed of the pump body is automatically adjusted to 2.5ml/h.
  • the timer of the first judgment cycle restarts to monitor the accumulated weight value in real time.
  • the patient presses the three buttons corresponding to 6, 8, and 9 respectively. If the interval of 55 minutes is less than 10 minutes of the locking period, this is invalid infusion information and does not trigger a single infusion.
  • the 66th minute and the 78th minute are the 11th minute and the 23rd minute of the first judgment cycle after reset, and effective single infusions of 1.7ml and 2ml were performed respectively.
  • the cumulative value of the effective weight is 17, which is greater than the upper limit of the preset weight threshold of 15; additional judgment is started, and the last triggered weight of 9 is the maximum weight triggered in the recent time period, which satisfies the incremental condition, and the control module
  • the continuous infusion rate of the pump body is automatically adjusted from 2.5ml/h to 3.1ml/h (accurate to 0.1ml).
  • the cumulative value of effective weights of all buttons within 1 hour of the unit judgment period is less than or equal to the lower limit of the weight threshold 2 in the following consecutive 6 hours, and the continuous infusion rate is automatically adjusted to 2.3ml/h.
  • the hardware configuration of the infusion device provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 4.
  • Set the total infusion volume to 150ml, the initial continuous infusion rate to 2ml/h, and the limit volume in 1 hour to 10ml.
  • the first judgment period is 1h
  • the second judgment period is 4h
  • the unit judgment period in the second judgment period is 1h.
  • Table 7 The relationship between single infusion volume, locking period and weight
  • the infusion device After the infusion device is started, monitor in real time the relationship between the weight accumulation value of all valid buttons outside the lock period triggered by the self-controlled infusion panel and the upper limit of the preset weight threshold within nearly 1 hour (the first judgment period). If it is greater than or equal to 12, it will immediately Trigger an increase infusion command, and the continuous infusion rate of the pump body will increase by 20%; if it is less than 12, the current infusion method will be maintained.
  • the patient presses the three buttons corresponding to 4, 4, and 5 through the self-control infusion panel at the 11th, 33rd, and 45th minute respectively, and these three times are all triggered in the lock cycle
  • the single infusion module performs three effective single infusions of 1ml, 1ml, and 1.3ml respectively.
  • the cumulative effective weight is 13, which is greater than the preset effective weight threshold upper limit of 12, and the control module issues an instruction to increase the infusion ,
  • the continuous infusion rate of the pump body is automatically adjusted to 2.4ml/h.
  • the timer of the first judging cycle restarts, and the patient presses the three buttons corresponding to 3, 2, and 4 at the 59th minute, 76th minute, and 98th minute respectively, corresponding to the 14th minute of the new first judging cycle , 31 minutes and 53 minutes.
  • the cumulative value of the effective weight was 9, which was less than the upper limit of the preset weight threshold of 12, so the current infusion rate was maintained.
  • this judgment cycle (within 1 hour), if no instruction to change the infusion rate is triggered again, a new first judgment cycle is entered, and the real-time monitoring of the weight accumulation value is restarted. From the 105th minute to the next 4 consecutive hours, the cumulative value of the effective weight for each hour is lower than the lower limit of the preset weight threshold 2, meeting the reduction conditions, and the continuous infusion rate is automatically adjusted to 1.9ml/h.
  • the pump head of this embodiment adopts a non-uniform infusion design, and the total infusion volume is set to 200ml, and the limit volume in one hour is 10ml.
  • the self-controlled infusion panel prompts the patient to perform a pain score according to the requirements, and if the weight triggered by the patient is less than 1, an instruction to reduce the infusion is issued.
  • the infusion device after starting to run the infusion device, it is monitored that the total infusion volume of the current first judgment cycle has reached the upper limit of the current infusion level in the 50th minute, and the self-evaluation judgment is started, and the patient self-evaluation within the response time is 6 Points, automatically increase a level of infusion. Restart the monitoring of the infusion volume in the first judgment period. When the infusion volume reaches the upper limit of the current infusion level at the 75th minute (the 25th minute of the current first judgment period), start the self-assessment judgment. The patients self-rated 3 points, and the original infusion level was maintained.
  • the infusion device For the infusion device whose continuous infusion rate is non-linear infusion, set the total infusion volume to 100ml and the limit volume in 1 hour to 8ml. Set the first judgment cycle to 2h, the second judgment cycle time to 6h, and the unit judgment cycle within the second judgment cycle to 2h. Set five infusion levels (I ⁇ V) and corresponding continuous infusion speed and infusion volume threshold in the second menu.
  • buttons on the self-controlled infusion panel representing no pain (no single infusion, weight value 0), mild pain (single infusion volume 1ml, lock cycle 10 minutes, weight value 1), moderate Severe pain (single infusion volume 2ml, lock period 20 minutes, weight value 2), severe pain (single infusion volume 3ml, lock period 30 minutes, weight value 3).
  • the weight of the latest valid single infusion information is the maximum weight in the first judgment cycle, or the weight of the last valid single infusion information is greater than or equal to the weight of the previous valid single infusion. Note the weight of information. If any of the two in the additional judgment is met, the infusion level of the pump body will increase by one level.
  • the effective weight accumulation value of all keys within 2 hours is less than or equal to the lower limit 1 of the preset weight threshold, and is less than or equal to 1 for three consecutive times; or the total infusion volume within 2 hours is less than or equal to the input
  • the lower limit of the infusion volume threshold corresponding to the injection level, and it is less than or equal to the lower limit of the infusion volume threshold for three consecutive times. If one of the two conditions is satisfied, the continuous infusion rate of the pump body will be reduced by one grade.
  • the current weight accumulation value 6 is greater than the preset weight threshold upper limit 5, but the last weight is not the maximum weight in this period, nor is it greater than the previous weight, so the infusion device maintains the original infusion state.
  • the cumulative value of the weight in the first judgment period is 7.
  • the infusion volume in the first judgment period is greater than the upper threshold of the current infusion level.
  • Condition 1 is met.
  • the last valid weight in this period is It is the maximum weight in this period, and the second condition is met, so the betting level is automatically increased by one. If the cumulative value of the effective weight of all buttons within 2 hours is less than or equal to the lower limit of the weight threshold 1 for 6 consecutive hours, or the infusion volume within 2 hours is less than or equal to the infusion volume corresponding to the infusion level for 6 consecutive hours If the lower limit of the threshold is met, the continuous infusion rate of the pump body will automatically decrease by one infusion level.

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Abstract

一种输注装置及其控制方法，涉及彼此之间存在依赖关系的多种增量输注和减量输注的比较器或判定方法，其中主要包括第一判定周期的有效单次输注权重累加值和总输注量，除此之外，用于表征疼痛趋势的近时间段权重和自评程序权重打分也可以纳入判定对象中。输注装置涉及不同输注方式、不同锁定周期、不同输注等级和输注量阈值自动调节等技术，并通过与中央监护服务器通信连接，使得患者的输注情况、权重累加值、有效输注信息、无效输注信息、疼痛趋势、自评权重等信息更容易被医护人员观察到，结合PCA自评，利于缓解患者的紧张情绪，也能客观呈现患者的真实痛感和加减量输注的需求。

Description

一种输注装置及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域和个体化输注控制领域，更具体地说涉及一种输注装置及其控制方法。
背景技术
PCA即“病人自控镇痛”(Patient Controlled Analgesia)，是患者可以根据自身疼痛大小自主进行单次输注的模式，其意义是相对个体化的镇痛模式。
中国专利CN105194756A(公开日2015年12月30日)公开了一种自动评价并检测患者响应能力的设备和方法，该技术虽然涉及一个发问器件、答问器件，但其目的是为了监测患者响应失败，使医护人员能够确定病人失去响应能力时作用位点药物浓度，说明书并未记载基于主动或并被动的PCA疼痛分级调整输注装置的输注量。且临床经验表明，对于“被动”式评价，大部分患者往往不会很好地完成提示要求的操作，而基于病人自主控制并评价疼痛，再结合药物输注的动态调节，并非该技术要解决的技术问题。
中国专利CN104548272A(公开日2015年04月29日)公开了一种镇痛不足检测方法及相关的输注装置，通过统计锁定期间患者的无效激活次数阈值，来调节锁定期间药物剂量或锁定时间。该技术并不涉及患者对疼痛的评估或反馈，而相关研究表明PCA有利于使患者个体化镇痛。且该技术仅根据患者按压输注装置激活按键的次数来进行调节，这种调节没有疼痛程度的条件反馈信息，也无法对一段时间内的总输注量进行动态调控，其调节输注的判断条件过于单一，不具有科学性。
中国专利CN209900296U(公开日2020年01月07日)公开了一种输注泵，提供了一种具有触摸尺的自评面板，面板具有1-10级的疼痛分值，患者可滑动自评面板触发加药阀开启的延时时间，进而对输注速度进行调节。该方法完全依赖于患者对疼痛的主观判断，没有疼痛反馈体系，患者在临床疼痛表现出只会增加输注量，而不会自主降低输注量，医护人员无法监控到药物实际输注量。
中国专利CN110433357A(公开日2019年11月12日)公开了一种输注泵及其使用方法，公开了基于0-10级的疼痛分级，患者通过PCA按键反馈当前的疼痛等级给予输液剂量，同时监控输注剂量的总量作为极限量。该方法的疼痛评分完全依赖于患者主观判断进行输注条件；输注量不是作为调节输液参数的条件，而且不能主动减量，若患者在加档过大持续时间过长，未进行主动减量，医护人员仍然无法获知，容易引起临床风险。
中国专利CN106823049A(公开日2017年06月13日)公开了一种自控输注泵及其控制方法，该方法提出了按比例线性降低药物输注的第一速度，患者不能抑制疼痛并接收到外部触发信息后，增加为第二速度。而医护人员根据单位时间内的触发频率来判断第一速度和第二速度的设定值。该技术基于传统输注装置单个触发按键进行设计的，不涉及PCA评分，医护人员仅仅根据触发频率进行判定，在输注浓度呈动态变化的场景中，无法客观了解到患者的输注量和疼痛程度。
中国专利CN106730160A(公开日2017年05月31日)公开了一种电子输液泵结合疼痛评估自动调节输液参数的方法及系统，该技术提供了一种PCA疼痛评估的方法，但该方法基于系统发出指令，患者被动进行评估，通过评估患者的应答时间和应答结果进行加量或减量，患者无法根据自身痛觉进行调节。在临床使用中，患者被动评估执行指定操作的完成率非常低，该技术公开的是语音识别和应答方法，即使利用按键等其它识别和应答方法，执行率和执行准确性的不足仍然难以克服。该技术统计的是时间周期内的指令触发，并未对输注量和锁定期间等情况进行考量，与其他技术进行组合时，仍然要克服诸多技术困难。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的是提供一种将疼痛评分与单次输注进行智能关联，并综合有效单次输注权重或总输注量等信息自动调节输注状态的输注装置；本发明还有一个目的是提供一种将疼痛评分与单次输注进行智能关联，以有效单次输注权重或总输注量为主，以近时间段有效单次输注权重的趋势或自评周期内评价结果为辅，自动调节输注状态的输注装置；本发明还有一个目的是提供一种基于有效单次输注权重累加值和/或总输注量进行增量输注或减量输注的判断，可智能化调节输注速度、输注等级、锁定周期等相关参数，并与疼痛评分相结合便于医护信息化管理的自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法。
技术方案：为了实现上述发明目的，本发明的一种输注装置，包括泵体、储药装置、输液管道和自控输注面板，所述自控输注面板上设有若干按键；所述泵体包括调速模块，用于接收增加输注指令或降低输注指令并相应地调节所述泵体的持续输注速度；存储模块，用于储存锁定周期之内来自自控输注面板所有按键触发的无效单次输注信息、锁定周期之外来自自控输注面板所有按键触发的有效单次输注信息、泵体基于时间序列的持续输注速度和/或持续输注量、以及输注量阈值，其中所述无效单次输注信息和有效单次输注信息包括各个按键的权重及单次输注量；单次输注模块，用于根据有效单次输注信息的权重向泵体发出包含单次输注量的单次输注信号；锁定模块，用于获取预设锁定周 期，并在有效单次输注信息触发时开始锁定周期的计时；和控制模块，用于在一定时间内通过有效单次输注信息的权重累加值与预设权重阈值的比较和/或在一定时间内总输注量与当前输注量阈值的比较，发出增加输注指令或降低输注指令。
现有技术对患者真实疼痛的信息采集仍然存在诸多缺陷，有的仅通过按键触发频次进行判断，有的仅通过单位时间输注量进行判断而忽略了动态变化的自控单次输注量，特别是在使用自评面板例如PCA面板后，由于数据类型、对应的输注状态变得更加复杂，因需要克服一定的技术困难才能实现本发明的技术方案。
自控输注面板与泵体通过电缆连接或采用无线通信的方式连接，泵体将储药装置的药物经输液管道泵入输注位点。来自按键的无效单次输注信息、有效单次输注信息均通过电性连接的方式，将信号从按键传递至泵体；这些信号包含按键的识别信息和该按键被激活的有效触发信息。在存储模块中可进一步存储接收信号时间、按键识别信息对应的权重，以及这些数据经过一些统计算法后得出的分析参数。
而本发明的控制模块如要执行增加输注指令或降低输注指令，均须经过有效单次输注权重累加值判断和/或一定时间总输注量判断。在其基础上，可进一步添加其他要素进行辅助判断，进而提高判断精度，判断主要考量来自患者在单位时间的真实痛感(例如减量输注判断须在较长的时间内评估是否一直处于无痛或接近无痛状态)、痛感是否呈上升趋势(例如最近一次的权重是否大于前一次)、以及是否达到临床经验下允许增加输注或降低输注的限制条件等。
可选地，将单次输注与权重结合起来，使患者根据真实痛感触发按键后，其对应的权重具有对应的单次输注量，所述单次输注量根据不同的权重呈正相关分布，可以更高效地调节患者痛感和单次输注量的效用关系。
可选地，任意所述按键的有效单次输注量为恒定值，相应锁定周期根据当前权重的大小递进关系，在预设锁定周期的基础上缩短或延长。触发较大权重时虽然有效单次输注量为恒定值，但相应锁定时间缩短可以提高有效触发的频次，从而提高实际输注量。
所述锁定周期是基于预设锁定周期进行调节的，调节方法包括如下步骤：
ST1：获取预设锁定周期；
ST2：获取最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重；
ST3：根据有效单次输注信息的权重在预设锁定周期的基础上延长或缩短。
所述单次输注量根据权重呈正相关分布可以是伴随权重呈线性递增的，或指数函数、对数函数等非线性递增的。本领域技术人员可根据给药途径、输注药物种类、药物浓度、泵体输注特性、持续输注速度、锁定周期、以及患者自身情形进行适应性变动。
作为一种实施方式，所述存储模块储存有对应各个权重的单次输注量，对应地，所述输注装置需要采集各个权重对应的输注量。
作为另一种实施方式，所述存储模块只用于采集一个基础单次输注量，而存储模块还储存有对应各个权重的比例系数λ，比例系数λ小于1时，主要用于响应疼痛评价为“轻微疼痛”或“无痛”的情形；比例系数λ大于1时，主要用于响应疼痛评价为“中度及以上疼痛”和更剧烈疼痛的情形，具体数值根据实际情况进行调整。优选地，单次输注量为{0，λ 1·X 1，…，λ t-1·X t-1}，其中λ为0-5，t表示权重个数，后文将详述。
进一步地，所述控制模块包括增速模块和减速模块，用于在恰当的条件下发出增加输注指令或降低输注指令。
作为其中一种优选方案，所述增速模块包括第一比较器，用于判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真则发出增加输注指令；所述减速模块包括第二比较器，用于判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，如果持续判断的结果都为真时，则发出降低输注指令。
本发明还提供了一种优选方案，以有效单次输注权重累加值作为启动判断要件，其余判断作为附加判断要件，从而可进一步提高判断精度。所述增速模块还包括第三比较器，用于在第一比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条或多条指令：
判断在第一判定周期内的总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限，或判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重，或判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重，或判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限；当判断结果都为真或部分为真时发出增加输注指令；
所述减速模块还包括第四比较器，用于在第二比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条指令：
判断近第二判定周期内的总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，或判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限；当判断结果为真时发出降低输注指令。
以上是以有效单次输注信息的权重累加值作为主要判断依据的技术方案，本发明还提供了以总输注量为主要判断依据的技术方案，作为其中一种优选方案，所述增速模块包括第五比较器，用于判断第一判定周期内的总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值 的上限，如果判断结果为真则发出增加输注指令；所述减速模块包括第六比较器，用于判断第二判定周期内的总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，如果判断的结果都为真时，则发出降低输注指令。
作为上述方案的进一步优化，以总输注量作为启动判断要件，其余判断作为附加判断要件：所述增速模块还包括第七比较器，用于在第五比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条或多条指令：
判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，或判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重，或判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重，或判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限；当判断结果都为真或部分为真时发出增加输注指令；
所述减速模块还包括第八比较器，用于在第六比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条指令：判断近第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，或判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限；当判断结果为真时发出降低输注指令。
值得注意的是，在减速模块的比较器中，需要对相应指标进行“持续”性判断，是考虑到患者疼痛具有反复性，在降低输注的评价中须要经过多次评估后予以确认。持续判断是指在所述第二判定周期中，判断每个单位判定周期的某项指标是否符合要求，当连续多个单位判定周期均符合要求时，“持续”性判断的结果才为真，只要有一个单位判定周期的结果为假，比较器的输出结果就不为真。所述单位判定周期的长短决定了连续性判断的精度，同时还可以与程序优化相结合，例如当单位判定周期为第一判定周期，且第二判定周期是第一判定周期的整数倍时，每个第一判定周期都会同时对增量输注和减量输注的条件进行一次判断，而只有连续经过多个第一判定周期的判断且都为真时，才满足减量输注的基本要求，进而发出降低输注指令。这种设置方式将增量输注和减量输注进行完美契合，即只要设置一次第一判定周期的输注量阈值上下限和预设权重阈值上下限即可，不需要针对第二判定周期再设计一组阈值，从而降低了系统的复杂性，并实现了增量输注、减量输注的判断要求。
以上提供了多个比较器用于判断是否发出增加输注指令或降低输注指令，在实际运用中，控制模块关于加量输注的判断可以仅仅设置一个比较器，如第一比较器或第五比较器，也可以同时设置第一比较器和第五比较器，两个比较器同时进行监控，哪个先触 发就执行判断。同理，关于减量输注的判断可以仅仅设置一个比较器，如第二比较器或第六比较器，也可以同时设置第二比较器和第六比较器。
本发明主要提供了两种判断机制，一种是进行实时判断，此时与增加输注指令相关的第一判定周期为该判定时刻向前回溯的时间，与降低输注指令相关的第二判定周期为该判定时刻向前回溯的时间。在当前时刻比较器判断为真时，即刻发出增加输注指令或降低输注指令，计时器归零。需要特别说明的是，对于减速模块比较器关于“持续”性判断，例如第二比较器、第四比较器、第六比较器和第八比较器的判断，是在近第二判定周期内，每经过一个单位判定周期进行一次实时判断，当单位判定周期的有效单次输注信息的权重累加值小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，或总输注量小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限时判断结果为真，且必须在第二判定周期内连续多个单位判定周期内判断结果为真时，才达到触发降低输注指令的基础标准。例如第一判定周期即单位判定周期，均为一个小时，第二判定周期为六个小时，所述预设权重阈值即第一判定周期内用于比较有效单次输注信息的权重累加值的阈值，所述输注量阈值即第一判定周期内用于比较总输注量的阈值，每经过一个小时进行一次“实时判断”，当连续六个小时均判断为真时，该减速模块的比较器关于“持续”性判断才输出为真。本发明所述的单位判定周期最低可以是1秒，最高不高于第二判定周期，本领域技术人员可根据单位判定周期对连续判断为真的次数进行适应性调整。所述增加输注指令或降低输注指令发出后，相应的比较器重新进入下一个判定周期。
另一种判断机制是在每次固定时刻运行前述的比较器。这种判断机制主要基于初始计时开始每经过第一判定周期和/或第二判定周期进行控制模块的运算，运算结束后计时器归零重新计时。
另外，本发明所有比较器判断结果为真发出增加输注指令或降低输注指令的时刻可以是判断为真的时刻，也可以是该周期结束的时刻，对此不做具体限定。具体地说，所述增加输注指令是在第一比较器或第五比较器判断为真的时刻发出，或在第一判定周期结束的时刻发出；所述降低输注指令是在第二判定周期结束的时刻发出。所述增加输注指令是在第三比较器或第七比较器判断为真的时刻发出，或在第一判定周期结束的时刻发出；所述降低输注指令是在第二判定周期结束的时刻发出。
从上述增速模块和减速模块的执行方式可以看出，本发明利用权重作为增加或降低输注的重要判断依据，而权重和输注量的组合是提高判断准确度更有利的实施方式。这种判定规则将患者对疼痛的评估要素纳入了输注量改变的要件，避免固定的时间参数或 输注量参数无法及时对患者疼痛做出响应和调节。另外，本发明的输注量和权重判定都为锁定周期之外的有效输注量和有效权重，并没有将锁定周期之内的无效操作纳入患者痛感的评估，无效操作根据患者痛感和忍耐力而异，对痛感的反映并不客观。
本发明关于第二判定周期大于第一判定周期的技术特征是隐性表达的，也应认为在本发明的保护范围内。因为触发一个有效的降低输注指令需要在更长的时间内评估患者的痛感，而出发增加输注指令需要一定的响应效率，实现及时镇痛。第二判定周期相较于第一判定周期的倍数也不限于整数倍，本领域的技术人员根据实际需求可进行适应性变动，一般情况下，所述第一判定周期为0.5-2小时，优选为1小时；第二判定周期为4-10小时，优选为6小时。
另外，本发明所述的将患者对疼痛的评估要素纳入输注量改变的要件，包括该输注装置根据患者触发按键的对应权重进行的自动判断，亦可理解为“被动评价”，还包括该输注装置触发一个自评程序，要求患者在自评周期内做出当前的疼痛评价，将自评周期内患者触发按键对应的权重纳入增速模块和减速模块的判断规则中，亦可理解为“主动评价”。
所述锁定周期之内，患者按动的任何按键，都不会触发单次输注(或产生了单次输注信号但信号在传递至泵体的过程中被阻断)，但患者的无效单次输注信息将被统计，以供医护人员必要地进行参考。须要说明的是，本发明所述的锁定周期并不独立于第一判定周期和第二判定周期之外的，而是包含于判定周期之内或部分包含于判定周期之内(指一个锁定周期跨越相邻两个判定周期的情况)。所述锁定周期一般都小于第一判定周期，理论值区间为5-30分钟，优选区间为10-20分钟，本领域技术人员可根据给药途径、输注药物种类、药物浓度、泵体输注特性、持续输注速度、锁定周期、以及患者自身情形进行适应性变动。
本发明所述的自评周期，同样不独立于第一判定周期和第二判定周期之外，患者在自评周期内触发的任何按键，都不会触发单次输注(或产生了单次输注信号但信号在传递至泵体的过程中被阻断)。
本发明的权重除了会影响到单次输注量，还可能影响到锁定周期。所述锁定周期根据计时开始时刻有效单次输注信息的权重，在预设锁定周期的基础上延长或缩短。更具体地说，当触发按键对应的按键权重较高时，锁定周期在预设锁定周期的基础上进行延长，权重越高，延长的时间越多；当触发按键对应的权重较低时，锁定周期在预设锁定周期的基础上进行缩短，权重越低，缩短的时间越多。所触发的权重按键越大，所进行的单次输注量也越大，相应延长锁定时间是为了避免短时间过度输注的情况。
本发明所述的总输注量包括持续输注量和锁定周期之外单次输注量的总和，在具体应用中总输注量即第一判定周期或单位判定周期的总输注量，包括第一判定周期或单位判定周期内持续输注速度输注所产生的输注量和锁定周期之外进行的单次输注量的总和。所述持续输注量可以用匀速输注装置的持续输注速度来表征，这些泵体的持续输注量为基于时间序列和持续输注速度的乘积，所述持续输注速度为匀速、线性增速、线性减速、非线性增速、非线性减速的任意一种或多种的组合。优选实施方式是在第一判定周期内时间与持续输注速度的乘积。
所述持续输注量还包括非匀速输注的泵体，还包括脉冲式输注的泵体，通过调节脉冲频率或大小来控制相应时间内的输注速度和输注量，泵体的持续输注量为基于时间序列相同或不同脉冲输注量的总和。优选实施方式是在第一判定周期内相同或不同脉冲输注量的总和。
作为本发明的更进一步优化，在触发增加输注指令或降低输注指令时，会相应地提升或降低泵体的持续输注速度。提升或降低的持续输注速度可以是预先在存储模块中设置好的，也可以基于初始持续输注速度于一定范围内按照固定百分比提升或降低，例如触发增加输注指令后下个周期的持续输注速度比初始持续输注速度增加了30％，再次触发后下个周期的持续输注速度比初始持续输注速度增加了60％。也可以基于上一次输注速度按固定百分比提升或降低，例如第一次触发增加输注指令后持续输注速度提升了30％，为初始持续输注速度的130％，再次触发的话提升130％的30％，持续输注速度为初始持续输注速度的169％。以上计算方法同样适用于减量输注。例如触发减量输注指令后下个周期的持续输注速度比初始持续输注速度减少了20％，再次触发后下个周期的持续输注速度比初始持续输注速度减少了40％。也可以基于上一次输注速度按固定百分比提升或降低，例如第一次触发减量输注指令后持续输注速度减低了20％，为初始持续输注速度的80％，再次触发基于80％再降低20％，持续输注速度为初始持续输注速度的64％。进一步地，所述泵体的持续输注速度设有相应的持续输注速度阈值，后文也称其为自动调节范围，其限定了持续输注过程中的安全范围，防止持续自动加量输注或减量输注造成风险。当持续输注速度达到阈值上限或下限后，任何操作都不会再进一步提升或降低持续输注速度，并必要地发出报警指示。
本发明还可根据实际情况引入“输注等级”这一技术手段。具体地说，所述存储模块还用于获取输注等级；当增速模块判定条件都为真时发出增加输注指令，所述增加输注指令用于提高当前输注等级，同时提升泵体调速模块的持续输注速度和输注量阈值； 当减速模块判定条件都为真时发出降低输注指令，所述降低输注指令用于降低当前输注等级，同时降低泵体调速模块的持续输注速度和输注量阈值。所述输注等级用于自动调节泵体的持续输注速度/持续输注量。作为一种调节方式，所述泵体按预设值提升或降低泵体的持续输注速度；作为另一种优选的调节方式，所述泵体按加档比提升或降低持续输注速度，其中加档比是按等比累加的方式提升或降低持续输注速度，或按等比乘积的方式提升或降低持续输注速度。
每个输注等级设有对应的持续输注速度和输注量阈值。当输注等级发生变化时，应当对输注量阈值进行调节，使其符合变化后的持续输注速度，这样加速模块和减速模块进行输注量判定的时候更具有客观性。作为其中的一种实施方式，所述输注量阈值与输注等级都是预先设定好的，输入初始持续输注量或初始持续输注速度后，对应到输注等级的中值或中值附近，当触发增加输注指令或降低输注指令时，分别提升或降低一个输注等级，对应地，输注量阈值也进行调整。
作为本发明的另一种实施方式，所述输注量阈值根据为
[A 1+p·B，A 1+q·T/t×B]      (1)
其中，A 1为最近一次第一判定周期T内的持续输注量，B为基础单次输注量，t为预设锁定周期，p和q为0-1的调整系数，T、t的单位一致，统一为小时或分钟；这些参数可在所述输注装置的泵体上进行设定，例如在信息显示界面下设置“初始持续输注量”、“基础单次输注量”、“第一判定周期”和“预设锁定周期”等，并必要地将计算获得的输注量阈值上下限，还有预设权重阈值的上下限表示出来，也可以对“初始持续输注量”设置二级菜单，用于对各个输注等级下的持续输注量进行设定。
本发明所述的按键都为虚拟按键，或都为实体按键，或采用虚拟按键和实体按键结合的方法。所述虚拟按键是指自控输注面板集成有存储器、处理器和触控显示屏，通过触控显示屏上的虚拟按键触发单次输注信息或自评。作为优选的实施方式，所述按键数量为4-12个。按键数最少可以设置为4个，对应“无痛”、“轻微疼痛”、“中等疼痛”和“重度疼痛”，本领域技术人员可根据临床和评分规则对按键数量进行适应性变动，都在本发明的保护范围内。作为更优的实施方式，所述按键数量为11个，其中包含权重“0”，不会触发任何有效单次输注量，在自评周期内患者按下后表示“无痛”；剩余的10个按键分别对应权重“1”至“10”。
所述泵体或自控输注面板上设有提示器，所述提示器触发后进入自评周期的始计时。其中，所述提示器包括但不限于指示灯、喇叭、振动装置、蜂鸣器的任意一种或多 种的组合。
进一步的，所述自控输注面板或每个按键上设有权重标记，权重标记与有效单次输注信息的权重呈递增式地一一对应或维持恒定。所述权重标记选自包括但不限于整数阿拉伯数字、情绪符号、具有颜色标记的色块、线条、刻度的任意一种或多种的组合。
本发明的输注装置还包括中央监护服务器、显示屏、与所述中央监护服务器通信连接的信号接收装置、以及设于泵体或自控输注面板的信号发射装置，所述信号发射装置用于传输输注数据至中央监护服务器，所述输注数据选自包括但不限于以下任意一种或多种的组合：统计周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值或均值，统计周期内无效单次输注信息的权重累加值或均值，基于时间序列的输注速度或统计周期内的持续输注量，统计周期内的平均输注速度，一定时间内有效单次输注信息的单次输注量累加值，自评时间内触发的按键权重，当前输注等级和输注速度，低输注量状态和高输注量状态。
所述中央监护服务器可以是目前医院或工作站使用的服务器中控平台，与输注装置之间通过有线或无线的方式通信连接。优选地，所述信号发射装置和信号接收装置选自包括但不限于Wi-Fi、Bluetooth、RFID任意一种或多种组合的通信方式。
值得注意的是，本发明并未将无效单次输注信息纳入自动调整输注量的体系中，但仍然获取该信息，通过数据展示的方式供医护人员参考。作为一种优选的实施方式，所述中央监护系统获得匹配各个病人的输注装置传输的数据，对接受的锁定期间之内或之外的权重数据进行必要的转化，例如按百分制，然后在显示屏展示出来。展示的信息包括患者基本信息、统计周期内的输注量、输注状态(速度)、患者平均痛感、锁定期间痛感等等。
本发明还提供了一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，用于控制一种输注装置，所述输注装置包括泵体、储药装置和输液管道，该输液系统还包括自控输注面板，所述自控输注面板上设有若干按键；对于增量输注的判断，包括如下步骤：
S110：判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真则执行S120，否则执行S130；
S120：向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期，
S130：不发出增加输注指令。
对于减量输注的判断，包括如下步骤：
S310：判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，如果持续判断结果为真，则执行S320，否则继续执行S330；
S320：向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期；
S330：如果判断结果不都为真，不发出降低输注指令。
以上技术方案表明，只包含有效单次输注权重累加值的判断，已经可以用于增量输注和减量输注的判断依据了。目前本领域并未见到利用权重累加值进行判断的现有技术。
在上述技术方案的基础上可进一步优化，从而提高判断精度，通过对有效单次输注权重累加值的判断作为启动判断要件，以其他判断条件作为附加判断要件，只有先后两次判断同时为真时才触发指令，对于增量输注的判断，包括如下步骤：
S210：判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真，则执行S220，否则继续执行S210；
S220：执行S221-S224的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真或部分为真时向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期，如果全都不为真，不发出增加输注指令，并进入下一个第一判定周期，
S221：判断在第一判定周期内的总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限；
S222：判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重；
S223：判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重；
S224：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限。
对于减量输注的判断，包括如下步骤：
S410：判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，如果持续判断结果都为真，则执行S420，否则继续执行S410；
S420：执行S421、S422的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真或部分为真时向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期，如果全都不为真，不发出降低输注指令，并进入下一个第二判定周期，
S421：判断近第二判定周期内的总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限；
S422：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限。
作为本发明的另一技术方案，以一定时间内的总输注量作为主要判定要件。对于增量输注的判断，包括如下步骤：
S510：判断近第一判定周期内的总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真则执行S520，否则执行S530；
S520：向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期；
S530：不发出增加输注指令。
对于减量输注的判断，包括如下步骤：
S710：判断第二判定周期内总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，如果判断结果为真则执行S720，否则执行S730；
S720：向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期；
S730：不发出降低输注指令。
在上述技术方案的基础上可进一步优化，从而提高判断精度，通过对总输注量的判断作为启动判断要件，以其他判断条件作为附加判断要件，只有先后两次判断同时为真时才触发指令，具体包括如下步骤：
对于增量输注的判断，包括如下步骤：
S610：判断第一判定周期内总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真，则执行S620，否则继续执行S610；
S620：执行S621-S624的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真时或部分为真向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期，如果不都为真，不发出增加输注指令，并进入下一个第一判定周期，
S621：判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限；
S622：判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重；
S623：判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重；
S624：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限。
对于减量输注的判断，包括如下步骤：
S810：判断第二判定周期内总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，如果持续判断的结果都为真，则执行S820，否则继续执行S810；
S820：执行S821、S822的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真或部分为真时向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期，如果全都不为真，不发出降低输注指令，并进入下一个第二判定周期，
S821：判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限；
S822：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限。
所述泵体或自控输注面板上设有提示器，所述自评周期内按键触发的自评权重与自评阈值的判断步骤包括：
S910：触发提示器，所述自评周期开始计时；
S920：判断自评周期内触发的按键权重是否大于自评阈值上限，判断结果为真时提高输注等级；或判断自评周期内触发的按键权重是否小于自评阈值下限，判断结果为真时降低输注等级；
S930：所述步骤S920的判断结果不为真时维持当前输注等级，结束自评周期。
所述泵体的持续输注量为基于时间序列和持续输注速度的乘积，或基于时间序列相同或不同脉冲输注量的总和，实际应用中指第一判定周期内时间与持续输注速度的乘积，或第一判定周期内相同或不同脉冲输注量的总和。
作为本发明的进一步优化，当触发增加输注指令时，提高当前输注等级，同时提升持续输注速度和输注量阈值；当触发降低输注指令时，降低当前输注等级，同时降低持续输注速度和输注量阈值。关于输注等级、持续输注速度和输注量阈值的说明参见前文。
本发明针对每个按键可设计不同的单次输注级别，对应不同的单次输注量；也可以将有效单次输注信息分别对应3-10个不同的单次输注级别，按键数值与单次输注量大小呈正相关。优选地，可将数值对应3或4的按键对应基础单次输注量，余单次输注量各自分别分布于单次输注量30％-300％的区间内。
基于前述的输注装置可进一步拓展为包括自控输注面板、中央监护服务器、显示屏、与所述中央监护服务器通信连接的信号接收装置、以及设于泵体或自控输注面板的信号发射装置的云平台，在该平台的基础上，其自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法还用于通过信号发射装置将输注数据发送至中央监护服务器。所述述输注数据选自以下任意一种 或多种的组合：统计周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值或均值，统计周期内无效单次输注信息的权重累加值或均值，基于时间序列的输注速度或统计周期内的持续输注量，统计周期内的平均输注速度，一定时间内有效单次输注信息的单次输注量累加值，自评时间内触发的按键权重，当前输注等级和输注速度，低输注量状态和高输注量状态。
有益效果：本发明相较于现有技术，开创性地采用了以一定时间段有效单次输注的权重累加值作为判断依据，其可进行独立判断，可作为优先判断条件配合其他从属判断条件提高判断精度，也可以配合总输注量判断，更高效、更精准地监控患者的输注情况和疼痛等级。
本发明提供了两种输注指令发送时机的技术方案，即提供了实时监控和分时段监控两种模式。根据使用药物、输注方式、产品设计方案等情况设计出不同类型的产品。
本发明并没有限定增量输注和减量输注判断条件的相互关系，因此增量输注判断和减量输注判断可以同时进行，可以通过条件语句一次判断，本领域技术人员可以进一步优化判断语句，以实现用更少的资源进行更高精度的监测。
本发明将无效输注的单次输注量和权重排除在增量输注和减量输注的判断条件外，考虑到实践中利用无效输注信息来评估患者痛感和输注需求存在诸多不稳定性，严重影响到了监测的精度。
本发明对第一判定周期和第二判定周期可进行统一设置，提高了减量输注的门槛，为使用者设置输注装置参数提供更多便捷。
本发明可对现有的常用输注参数进行标准化设置，对于持续输注速度/输注量及单次输注量的变量相关参数于二级菜单设置，设置后为默认参数，不需要每次使用均进入二级单次设置参数，为使用者提高更多便捷性。
本发明的技术方案同时囊括了主动、被动两种疼痛评价模式，并提供了患者在自评周期进行疼痛评分，给自评周期的触发设置了条件，并开放了自评结果的效力，其结合PCA面板可有效指导患者进行疼痛评估，具有极高的市场前景和使用价值。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的基础系统框架示意图；
图2是本发明实施例1泵体各个模块的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例1以有效单次输注权重累加值作为唯一判定要件的控制模块示意图；
图4是本发明实施例1以有效单次输注权重累加值作为启动判定要件，总输注量、近有效单次输注权重和自评权重为附加判定要件的控制模块示意图；
图5是本发明实施例1以总输注量作为唯一判定要件的控制模块示意图；
图6是本发明实施例1以总输注量作为启动判定要件，有效单次输注权重累加值、近有效单次输注权重和自评权重为附加判定要件的控制模块示意图；
图7是本发明实施例2自控输注面板的结构示意图；
图8是本发明实施例2多个输注装置应用于无线局域网与中央监护服务器联通并在多个显示器展示的系统构架示意图；
图9是本发明实施例3有效单次输注权重累加值作为唯一判定条件的增量输注控制方法的流程图；
图10是本发明实施例3有效单次输注权重累加值作为启动判定条件，进一步判断附加判定条件是否符合要求的增量输注控制方法的流程图；
图11是本发明实施例3有效单次输注权重累加值作为唯一判定条件的减量输注控制方法的流程图；
图12是本发明实施例3有效单次输注权重累加值作为启动判定条件，进一步判断附加判定条件是否符合要求的减量输注控制方法的流程图；
图13是本发明实施例3总输注量作为唯一判定条件的增量输注控制方法的流程图；
图14是本发明实施例3总输注量作为启动判定条件，进一步判断附加判定条件是否符合要求的增量输注控制方法的流程图；
图15是本发明实施例3总输注量作为唯一判定条件的减量输注控制方法的流程图；
图16是本发明实施例3总输注量作为启动判定条件，进一步判断附加判定条件是否符合要求的减量输注控制方法的流程图；
其中，图9-图16中的P1表示第一判定周期，P2表示第二判定周期。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行进一步说明。
实施例1
如图1所示，本实施例提供了一种输注装置，包括泵体200、储药装置300、输液管道400和自控输注面板100，自控输注面板上设有若干按键。
如图2所示，泵体至少包括调速模块、存储模块、单次输注模块、锁定模块和控制模块。调速模块用于接收增加输注指令或降低输注指令并相应地调节泵体的持续输注速度；存储模块用于储存锁定周期之内来自自控输注面板所有按键触发的无效单次输注信息、锁定周期之外来自自控输注面板所有按键触发的有效单次输注信息、泵体基于时间序列的持续输注速度和/或持续输注量、以及输注量阈值，其中无效单次输注信息和有效单次输注信息包括各个按键的权重及单次输注量，单次输注量为恒定值，或根据权重呈 正相关分布。单次输注模块用于根据有效单次输注信息的权重向泵体发出包含单次输注量的单次输注信号；锁定模块用于获取预设锁定周期，并在有效单次输注信息触发时开始锁定周期的计时；控制模块用于在一定时间内通过有效单次输注信息的权重累加值与预设权重阈值的比较和/或在一定时间内总输注量与当前输注量阈值的比较，发出增加输注指令或降低输注指令。
图3展示了以有效单次输注权重累加值作为唯一判定要件的控制模块。控制模块由增速模块和减速模块组成。增速模块只含有第一比较器，用于判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真则发出增加输注指令。减速模块只含有第二比较器，用于判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，如果判断的结果都为真时，则发出降低输注指令。
图4进一步展示了以有效单次输注权重累加值作为启动判定要件，总输注量、近有效单次输注权重和自评权重为附加判定要件的控制模块。具体地说，增速模块还包括第三比较器，用于在第一比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条或多条指令：判断在第一判定周期内的总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限，或判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重，或判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重，或判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限；当前述的判断结果都为真或部分为真时发出增加输注指令。减速模块还包括第四比较器，用于在第二比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条指令：判断近第二判定周期内的总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，或判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限；当判断结果为真或部分为真时发出降低输注指令。
图5展示了总输注量作为唯一判定要件的控制模块。增速模块包括第五比较器，用于判断第一判定周期内的总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真则发出增加输注指令；减速模块包括第六比较器，用于判断第二判定周期内的总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，如果判断的结果都为真时，则发出降低输注指令。
图6进一步展示了以总输注量作为启动判定要件，有效单次输注权重累加值、近有效单次输注权重和自评权重为附加判定要件的控制模块。具体地说，增速模块还包括第七比较器，用于在第五比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条或多条指令：判断 第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，或判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重，或判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重，或判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限；当判断结果都为真或部分为真时发出增加输注指令。
减速模块还包括第八比较器，用于在第六比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条指令：判断近第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，或判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限；当判断结果为真或部分为真时发出降低输注指令。
对于以上八个比较器，本领域技术人员可以就增速模块选用一个或多个比较器进行判断，就减速模块选用一个或多个比较器进行判断，因此还可以对以上比较器进行排列组合，以获得更灵活的控制判断方法。上述增加输注指令或降低输注指令可以是在对应的比较器判断为真发出，也可以是在第一判定周期结束的时刻，或第二判定周期结束的时刻发出。
泵体的持续输注量可以是基于时间序列和持续输注速度的乘积，持续输注速度为匀速、线性增速、线性减速、非线性增速、非线性减速的任意一种或多种的组合；也可以是基于时间序列相同或不同脉冲输注量的总和。
本发明触发增加输注指令或降低输注指令时，会相应地提升或降低泵体的持续输注速度。提升或降低的持续输注速度可以是预先在存储模块中设置好的，也可以基于初始持续输注速度在一定范围内按照固定百分比提升或降低，也可以基于上一次输注速度按固定百分比提升或降低。除此之外，还可通过提高或降低“输注等级”来实现，同时对泵体持续输注速度和输注量阈值进行调节。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种更具体的自控输注面板及其应用场景。如图7展示了一种更具体的自控输注面板200。可见，该输注面板包括壳体210，壳体上设有11个按钮220呈一排设置，按钮220的一侧设有0-10个11个数字标记230，对应0-10共11个权重。按钮220的另一侧设置有情绪符号240，随权重逐渐升高，情绪符号240表现的逐渐紧张和疼痛难耐。在情绪符号240一侧设有文字注释250，可以帮助患者提高疼痛评分的准确性，例如：无痛、轻度疼痛(1-3)、中度疼痛(4-6)、重度疼痛(7-10)，还可以结合一些启示性文字，例如疼痛是否影响到睡眠来帮助患者评估痛感。另外，按钮之间有 一条色带260，从蓝色(表示镇静)逐渐过渡到绿色、橙色(中度疼痛)和红色(剧烈疼痛)，有利于提高患者对疼痛评分的理解。
自控输注面板200还设有输注状态指示灯280和报警提示灯290，在一侧设有扬声器270，可播放提示音或音乐；也可以用来提示患者进入自评程序，教导患者如何进行自评操作。
上述的按钮220、数字标记230、情绪符号240、文字注释250、色带260均可以采用电子终端的用户交互界面实现，例如触摸屏电子终端。相应地，报警提示可利用电子终端自带的振动机构实现。本领域技术人员在本实施例的基础上，结合说明书记载的内容，可进行进一步优化。
图8展示了多个输注泵在无线局域网中与中央监护服务器通信连接，并进一步在多个显示屏显示的技术方案。在该方案中，自控输注面板自带无线信号发射器，通过无线路由器采集输注数据并实时上传到中央监护服务器。
输注数据可以是以下信息的部分或全部：统计周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值或均值，统计周期内无效单次输注信息的权重累加值或均值，基于时间序列的输注速度或统计周期内的持续输注量，统计周期内的平均输注速度，一定时间内有效单次输注信息的单次输注量累加值，自评时间内触发的按键权重，当前输注等级和输注速度，低输注量状态提示、高输注量状态提示、或者建议提前终止输注的提示。
实施例3
本实施例提供了多种增量输注和减量输注的判定方法。该方法基于前文所述的输注装置。
1.有效单次输注权重累加值作为唯一判定条件的增量输注控制方法
如图9所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
S110：判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真则执行S120，否则执行S130；
S120：向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期，
S130：不发出增加输注指令。
2.有效单次输注权重累加值作为启动判定条件，进一步判断附加判定条件是否符合 要求的增量输注控制方法
如图10所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
S210：判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真，则执行S220，否则继续执行S210；
S220：执行S221-S224的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真或部分为真时向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期，如果全都不为真，不发出增加输注指令，并进入下一个第一判定周期，
S221：判断在第一判定周期内的总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限；
S222：判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重；
S223：判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重；
S224：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限。
3.有效单次输注权重累加值作为唯一判定条件的减量输注控制方法
如图11所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
S310：判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，如果持续判断结果为真，则执行S320，否则继续执行S330；
S320：向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期；
S330：如果判断结果不都为真，不发出降低输注指令。
4.有效单次输注权重累加值作为启动判定条件，进一步判断附加判定条件是否符合 要求的减量输注控制方法
如图12所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
S410：判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，如果持续判断结果都为真，则执行S420，否则继续执行S410；
S420：执行S421、S422的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真或部分为真时向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期，如果全都不为真，不发出降低输注指令，并进入下一个第二判定周期，
S421：判断近第二判定周期内的总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限；
S422：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限。
5.总输注量作为唯一判定条件的增量输注控制方法
如图13所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
S510：判断近第一判定周期内的总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真则执行S520，否则执行S530；
S520：向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期；
S530：不发出增加输注指令。
6.总输注量作为启动判定条件，进一步判断附加判定条件是否符合要求的增量输注 控制方法
如图14所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
S610：判断第一判定周期内总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真，则执行S620，否则继续执行S610；
S620：执行S621-S624的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真时或部分为真向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期，如果不都为真，不发出增加输注指令，并进入下一个第一判定周期，
S621：判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限；
S622：判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重；
S623：判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重；
S624：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限。
7.总输注量作为唯一判定条件的减量输注控制方法
如图15所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
S710：判断第二判定周期内总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，如果判断结果为真则执行S720，否则执行S730；
S720：向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期；
S730：不发出降低输注指令。
8.总输注量作为启动判定条件，进一步判断附加判定条件是否符合要求的减量输注 控制方法
如图16所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
S810：判断第二判定周期内总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，如果持续判断的结果都为真，则执行S820，否则继续执行S810；
S820：执行S821、S822的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真或部分为真时向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期，如果全都不为真，不发出降低输注指令，并进入下一个第二判定周期，
S821：判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限；
S822：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限。
上述，锁定周期是基于预设锁定周期进行调节的，调节方法包括如下步骤：
ST1：获取预设锁定周期；
ST2：获取最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重；
ST3：根据有效单次输注信息的权重在预设锁定周期的基础上延长或缩短。
另外，泵体或自控输注面板上设有提示器，自评周期内按键触发的自评权重与自评阈值的判断步骤包括：
S910：触发提示器，自评周期开始计时；
S920：判断自评周期内触发的按键权重是否大于自评阈值上限，判断结果为真时提高输注等级；或判断自评周期内触发的按键权重是否小于自评阈值下限，判断结果为真时降低输注等级；
S930：步骤S920的判断结果不为真时维持当前输注等级，结束自评周期。
实施例4
本实施例提供的输注装置，包括泵体、储药装置、输液管道和自控输注面板。自控输注面板上设有提示器和11个物理按键，依次标记有0-10共11个权重数字，通过线缆与泵体电性连接，基本设计如图7所示，但扬声器和指示灯设于输注泵上，而非自控输注面板上。泵体采用匀速输注模式，通过输液管道将储药装置内的药物泵入目标位置。在不触发增加输注指令或降低输注指令的情况下，泵体的持续输注速度不会发生变化。泵体最外层为设有触控设置界面的壳体，壳体内设有控制面板、信息显示界面和泵头， 控制面板集成有调速模块、单次输注模块、锁定模块、控制模块和存储介质。
本实施例中，在触控设置界面设置如下参数：输注总量为100ml、初始持续输注速度2ml/h、基础单次输注量为1ml、预设锁定周期为10分钟、1小时极限量为8ml，即任何情况下1h累计输注量得到8ml时自动停止输注并报警。
设置持续输注速度，自动调节范围在0.5-4ml/h之间，即持续输注速度不会超过4ml/h或低于0.5ml/h，例如当达到持续输注速度上限4ml/h时，如果又触发自动加量输注，不会再提升持续输注速度并报警提示需要人工处理；如果达到输注量下限0.5ml/h时，泵头的信息显示界面或中央监护系统显示低输注状态，低输注状态如果连续8个小时内，且每个小时的权重均小于等于1，则触发一次自评程序，如评分为1分或以下，系统终止输注或提示可提前终止输注。
11个物理按键中，触发按键数值0不进行单次输注，按键权重3、4对应相同的基础单次输注量和预设锁定周期，随权重的递增或递减，按相应倍率计算其他权重对应的单次输注量和锁定周期。单次输注量与权重、锁定周期均呈正相关分布，本实施例中列举了他们之间的一种分布关系，如表1所示：
表1单次输注量、锁定周期与权重的关系
Figure PCTCN2022120764-appb-000001
设置第一判定周期为1h，第二判定周期时间为6h、第二判定周期内的单位判定周期为1h，疼痛自评周期为2min；预设权重阈值为[2，15]。
加量输注判断规则：
输注装置启动后每间隔1小时(第一判定周期)输出一次该周期内锁定周期之外有效单次输注权重累加值与预设权重阈值上限的关系判断结果，如果大于或等于权重阈值上限15，则进一步判断近1个小时最近一次的有效单次输注权重是否为这个小时内的最大权重，或者判断最后一次有效单次输注权重是否大于等于前一次有效单次输注权重；当判断结果都为真或部分为真时发出增加输注指令，该指令在这个小时的最后时刻发 出，使泵体的持续输注速度在0.5-4ml/h范围内自动增加30％。
减量输注判断规则：
输注装置启动后每间隔1小时(第一判定周期)输出一次该周期内有效单次输注权重累加值与权重阈值下限的关系判断结果，如果连续6个小时(第二判定周期)均小于或等于权重阈值下限2，则发出降低输注指令，该指令在这6个小时的最后时刻发出，使泵体的持续输注速度在0.5-4ml/h范围内自动减少30％。
在一个实施例中，输注装置运行后，每间隔1h启动判断一次，第10分钟、第36分钟、第55分钟分别在锁定周期之外按下权重4、8、4对应的按键，分别进行了1ml、1.7ml、1ml的自控有效单次输注，到1h时根据上述规则进行判断：在近1小时的有效单次输注权重累加值为16，大于预设权重阈值上限15，但附加判断中最后一次的有效单次输注权重4既不是最大权重，也不大于或等于前一次的权重8，因此不满足加量输注的条件，故维持原参数运行。可见这种判断方式将权重累加值纳入主要判断依据后，进一步将患者痛感是否呈上升趋势纳入判定条件，可更精准地启动加量输注。
在另一个实施例中，输注装置运行后，每间隔1h启动判断一次，监测到第一个小时内第7分钟、第32分钟、第53分钟患者分别按下权重7、5、6对应的按键，且均在锁定周期之外，故分别进行了1.7ml、1.3ml、1.3ml的自控有效单次输注，到该小时结束时进行权重判断：累计权值18大于预设权重阈值上限15，且患者按键对应的权重趋势显示痛感在增加，因此满足加量输注要求，第二个小时的持续输注速度将自动增加30％，调整为2.6ml/h，并在泵头显示，同步在中控平台显示。如果在接下来的两个小时内，均满足加量输注要求，持续输注速度比前一个小时自动增加30％，那么第三个小时、第四个小时对应的持续输注速度四舍五入分别为3.4ml/h和4ml/h，第四个小时达到持续输注速度阈值上限，因此持续输注速度不会超过4ml/h，且此后任何操作，即使满足加量条件也不再增加持续输注速度，并报警提示需要人工处理。
又如在另一个实施例中，输注装置运行后，判断一小时内总输注量是否达到极限量8ml，如果达到了，则提示器触发报警并停止输注，此时需要医护人员介入。
在另一个实施例中，输注装置运行后，连续6次每小时的权重累加值均小于或等于2，当持续速度输注达到输注量阈值下限0.5ml/h时，泵头信息显示界面显示低输注状态，并同步在中控平台显示。在第8次权重累加值判定依然小于等于1时，启动自评程序，此时自控输注面板提示患者根据要求进行疼痛评分，如患者触发的权重为1或以下，系 统提示终止输注，或提示可提前终止输注。
实施例5
本实施例提供的输注装置硬件配置与上一个实施例基本相同，区别在于泵体并非匀速输注，而是会按照初始持续输注速度2ml/h，以0.4ml/h 2的减速度自动降低持续输注速度，只要进行了一次有效单次输注，减速后的持续输注速度会自动恢复为当前输注等级的初始持续输注速度。另外加量输注和减量输注的启动判断条件都有2个(总输注量、有效输注权重累加值)，任一满足则进行附加判断，附加判断也有多个，只要其中部分满足或全部满足，则触发相应的输注指令。
在泵体触控设置界面的一级菜单设置如下参数：输注总量为100ml、初始持续输注速度2ml/h、1小时(即第一判定周期)的总输注量阈值为[0ml，8ml]、第一判定周期为1h、第二判定周期时间为4h，第二判定周期内的单位判定周期为1h。疼痛自评周期为1min，预设权重阈值为[1，15]。
本实施例单次输注量与权重、锁定周期的关系如表2所示，该设置是在泵体触控设置界面的二级菜单进行的，加量输注和减量输注规则的参数也在二级菜单中设置。
表2单次输注量、锁定周期与权重的关系
Figure PCTCN2022120764-appb-000002
当发出增加输注指令或降低输注指令后，泵体相应地调节持续输注速度和输注量阈值，即自动调整输注等级。输注等级可在二级菜单中设置，具体配置如表3所示：
表3输注等级与持续输注速度、输注量阈值的设置
输注等级 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX
持续输注速度 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
输注量阈值下限(单位/ml) 0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
输注量阈值上限(单位/ml) 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 6 6.5 7 8
其中，V级为默认输注等级，对应初始持续输注速度。
加量输注判断规则：
启动判断条件1：输注装置启动后实时监控近1小时(第一判定周期)内自控输注面板触发的锁定周期之外所有有效按键的权重累加值与预设权重阈值上限的关系，如果大于或等于15，则进一步触发附加判断：判断近时间内的最近一次的有效单次输注权重是否为最大权重，或最后一次有效单次输注权重是否大于等于前一次有效单次输注权重，如果两者任意一个达到条件，或两个均达到条件，则触发增加输注指令。否则，维持当前输注方式(以0.4ml/h 2的减速度自动降低持续输注速度)。
启动判断条件2：实时监控近1小时(第一判定周期)内的总输注量与当前输注等级输注量阈值的关系，总输注量等于当前输注等级1个小时的持续输注量与这1个小时内锁定周期之外有效单次输注量的总和。如果大于或等于当前输注等级对应的输注量阈值上限，则进一步触发附加判断：判断近时间内的最近一次的有效单次输注权重是否为最大权重，或最后一次有效单次输注权重是否大于等于前一次有效单次输注权重，如果两者任意一个达到条件，或两个均达到条件，则触发增加输注指令。否则，维持当前输注方式(以0.4ml/h 2的减速度自动降低持续输注速度)。
以上启动判断条件1和启动判断条件2的任意一条触发后，即进行附加判断，只有当启动判断和附加判断都满足条件后，才触发增加输注指令。输注等级提高一级，同时根据表3提高持续输注速度和输注量阈值。增加输注指令在最终判断为真的时刻发出。
减量输注判断规则：
启动判断条件3：实时监控近4小时(第二判定周期)内自控输注面板触发的锁定周期之外所有有效按键的权重累加值与权重阈值下限的关系，如果持续小于或等于1(即每个小时自控输注面板触发的锁定周期之外所有有效按键的权重累加值均小于或等1，且连续4个小时都小于或等于1)，则发出降低输注指令。
启动判断条件4：实时监控近4小时(第二判定周期)内总输注量与输注量阈值的关系，如果持续小于或等于预设输注量阈值的下限(即每个小时总输注量均小于或等于当前等级的输注量阈值下限，以默认输注等级V为例，即每个小时总输注量均小于或等于3ml，且连续4个小时都小于或等于3ml)，则启动自评程序，此时自控输注面板提示患者根据要求进行疼痛评分，如患者触发的权重小于1，则发出降低输注指令。
以上两条判断条件只要有一条为真，在最终判断为真的时刻发出降低输注指令，降低输注等级，同时根据表3降低持续输注速度和输注量阈值。
在一个实施例中，以2ml/h为初始输注等级V的初始持续输注速度，输注装置开始运行后，以0.4ml/h 2的减速度递减输注，运行了1个小时后，第一小时的总输注量为1.8ml，小于输注量阈值的下限3ml；运行到2个小时后，第二小时的总输注量为1.4ml；患者在第2.5小时触发权重4的按键，根据表2可知触发了有效单次输注1ml，持续输注速度自动恢复为2ml/h，接下来1.5小时继续以0.4ml/h 2的减速度递减，完成第4h输注时，当前持续输注速度为1.4ml/h。第三小时总输注量为2.5ml(持续输注量1.5ml，单次输注量1ml)，第四小时总输注量为1.6ml。在这4个小时(第二判定周期)内，所采集到的4次1h总输注量均小于该输注等级所对应的输注量阈值下限3ml，结合自评疼痛评分0分，降低输注等级，从V级降低为IV级。在IV输注等级下，初始持续输注速度为1.5ml/h，仍然按照0.4ml/h 2的减速度递减输注，输注量阈值为[2.5ml，4.5ml]。如果在锁定周期之外触发了有效单次输注，自动恢复到持续输注速度1.5ml/h并以0.4ml/h的减速度进行输注。
继续监测到第5个小时内的第15分钟触发权重6对应的按键(有效单次输注1.5ml)，第45分钟触发权重7对应的按键(有效单次输注1.7ml)，第50分钟时触发权值5对应的按键，因在前一个锁定周期17分钟之内，此为无效输注。到第55分钟左右时，监测到当前总输注量达到了4.5ml(在一小时内持续输注量1.3ml加上两次有效单次输注量3.2ml)，即达到了当前输注等级IV的输注量阈值上限，此时进行附加判定，最后一次触发的权重7大于前一次触发权重6，满足增量条件，自动提高一个输注等级至V级。
计时器归零，重新开始新的输注量及有效单次输注权重累加值的监测，在下一个第一判定周期内(1个小时)，监测到第10分钟触发了权重7对应的按键，在上一次有效单次输注所触发的权重7对应的17分钟锁定周期之外，因此属于一次有效单次输注；又监测到第30分钟触发了一次权重8对应的按键，也属于一次有效单次输注，当前总输注量为持续输注量0.9ml加上两次有效单次输注3.7ml共计4.6ml，虽然此时总输注量未达到V级总输注量阈值的上限5ml，但权重累加值达到15后依然可以触发附加判定，经判定该周期内的权重呈上升趋势，达到增量输注的要求，自动提高一个输注等级到VI级。
实施例6
本实施例提供的输注装置硬件配置与实施例4基本相同，初始持续输注速度2ml/h， 以0.6ml/h 2的减速度自动降低持续输注速度，只要进行了一次有效单次输注，减速后的持续输注速度会自动恢复为当前输注等级的初始持续输注速度。所不同的是：增量输注和减量输注的判断固定在每个第一判定周期/单位判定周期结束时启动，判断后决定是否发出增量输注指令或减量输注指令。与此同时，本实施例的输注等级采用动态调节的方式，而不是根据不同的输注等级预设不同的初始持续输注速度和输注量阈值。
在泵体触控设置界面的菜单中设置如下参数：输注总量为100ml，1小时极限量为12ml，第一判定周期为1h，总输注量阈值为[0ml，10ml]，第二判定周期为4h、第二判定周期内的单位判定周期为1h，疼痛自评周期为2min，预设自评阈值下限为1；预设权重阈值为[2，15]。
表4单次输注量、锁定周期与权重的关系
Figure PCTCN2022120764-appb-000003
加量输注判断规则：
启动判断条件5：输注装置启动后监控自控输注面板触发的锁定周期之外所有有效按键的权重累加值与预设权重阈值上限的关系持续1小时(第一判定周期)，在该周期结束时进行比较：如果大于或等于15，则进一步触发附加判断：判断近时间内的最近一次的有效单次输注权重是否为最大权重，或最后一次有效单次输注权重是否大于等于前一次有效单次输注权重，如果两者任意一个达到条件，或两个均达到条件，则触发增加输注指令。否则，维持当前输注方式(以0.6ml/h 2的减速度自动降低持续输注速度)。
启动判断条件6：输注装置启动后监控第一判定周期内的总输注量与当前输注等级输注量阈值的关系持续1小时，在该周期结束时进行比较：如果大于或等于当前输注等级对应的输注量阈值上限，则进一步触发附加判断：判断近时间内的最近一次的有效单次输注权重是否为最大权重，或最后一次有效单次输注权重是否大于等于前一次有效单次输注权重，如果两者任意一个达到条件，或两个均达到条件，则触发增加输注指令。否则，维持当前输注方式(以0.6ml/h 2的减速度自动降低持续输注速度)。
启动判断条件5和6满足其一或均满足都可触发加量输注指令。
减量输注判断规则：
在前述每个1小时结束时判断是否加量的同时，也对是否减量进行判断，并将判断结果保存在存储模块中。在4小时(第二判定周期)结束时刻启动判断输出结果：
启动判断条件7：判断4个小时内，是否每个小时有效按键的权重累加值均小于或等于预审权重阈值的下限2，如果判定为真，不需要出发其他附加判断，降低一个输注等级，同时刻发出降低输注指令。
启动判断条件8：判断这4个小时内，是否每个小时总输注量均持续小于或等于对应输注等级的输注量阈值下限，如果判定为真，则触发附加判断：自控输注面板启动自评程序，在自评周期内患者对痛感进行了有效评价，当患者自评触发的按钮对应的权重小于1分，降低一个输注等级，同时刻发出降低输注指令。
启动判断条件7和8满足其一或均满足都可触发减量输注指令。
本实施例各输注等级持续输注速度的设置如表5所示：除了最低输注等级I对应的输注量阈值下限为0ml，最高输注等级IX对应的输注量阈值上限为10ml以外，其余各输注等级所对应1h输注量范围的上下限参数均采用[A 1+p·B，A 1+q·T/t×B]的公式自动计算。前述公式中，A 1为当前输注等级1小时内的持续输注量，即当前输注等级初始持续输注速度在减速度变量下1小时的曲线下面积，单位为ml；B为基础单次输注量1ml，对应的锁定周期t为0.167h；调整系数p＝0.5，q＝0.5。因此计算得到以下公式来进行各输注等级所对应1h输注量范围上下限参数计算：
[A 1+0.5·B，A 1+3B]
表5输注等级与持续输注速度、输注量阈值的设置
Figure PCTCN2022120764-appb-000004
以2ml/h为初始等级的初始持续输注速度，初始输注等级V所对应1h输注量阈值为[2.5，5]。开始运行后，以0.6ml/h 2的减速度递减输注，运行1小时后，该一小时内的药液输注量小于2.5ml；继续运行1.5小时，触发按键4、自控单次输注1ml，当前持续 输注速度从0.5ml/h恢复到2ml/h；接下来1.5小时继续以0.6ml/h 2的减速度递减，完成第4h输注，此刻的持续输注速度为1.1ml/h。这4个小时内，每小时总输注量从先到后依次为1.7ml、1.1ml、1.95ml、0.8ml，均小于当前输注等级V的输注量阈值下限2.5ml；此时启动自评程序，评分0分，自动降低输注等级为IV级，以1.5ml/h的初始持续输注速度，按0.6ml/h 2减速度递减输注，当前输注等级的输注量阈值调整为[2，4.5]。
继续运行，监测到第5个小时内的第20分钟触发按键6，进行单次输注1.5ml和第40分钟触发按键7，进行单次输注1.7ml，这一个小时内总输注量为4.6ml(持续输注量1.4ml，有效单次输注量合计3.2ml)，超过当前输注等级的4.5ml上限，结合后一次触发数值7大于前一次触发数值6，满足条件，自动提高一个输注等级：初始持续输注速度提高到2ml/h，1h输注量范围调整为2.5-5ml。
实施例7
本实施例提供的输注装置硬件配置与实施例4基本相同。设置输注总量为100ml、初始持续输注速度2ml/h、锁定周期为10分钟，自控有效单次输注量、锁定周期与权重的关系如表6所示；1小时极限量为10ml。设置第一判定周期为1h，第二判定周期时间为6h、第二判定周期内单位判定周期为1h。
表6单次输注量、锁定周期与权重的关系
Figure PCTCN2022120764-appb-000005
为了防止多次输注速度增加或减小调节导致超出合理输注速度，进一步设置持续输注速度自动调节范围在0.5-5ml/h之间。
加量输注判断规则：
输注装置启动后实时监控近1小时(第一判定周期)内自控输注面板触发的锁定周期之外所有有效按键的权重累加值与预设权重阈值上限的关系，如果大于或等于15，则进一步触发附加判断：判断近1小时内的最近一次的有效单次输注权重是否为近1小时内的最大权重，为真则即刻触发增加输注指令，泵体持续输注速度增加25％。如果小于 15，则维持当前输注方式。
减量输注判断规则：
实时监控近6小时(第二判定周期)内自控输注面板触发的锁定周期之外所有有效按键的权重累加值与权重阈值下限的关系，如果持续小于或等于2(即每个小时自控输注面板触发的锁定周期之外所有有效按键的权重累加值均小于或等2，且连续6个小时都小于或等于2)，则发出降低输注指令，持续输注速度减少25％。
当本实施例的输注装置运行后，第15分钟、第36分钟、第55分钟患者通过自控输注面板分别按下4、4、8对应的三个按键，且这三次均触发于锁定周期之外，单次输注模块分别进行三次有效单次输注1ml、1ml、1.7ml，在这55分钟内累计有效权重值为16，大于预设权重阈值上限15；然后启动附加判断，最后一次触发的权重8为该段时间内所触发的最大权重，因此满足条件，控制模块发出增加输注指令，泵体的持续输注速度自动调整为2.5ml/h。
第一判定周期的计时器重新开始计时，实时监控权重累加值，第58分钟、第66分钟、第78分钟患者又分别按下6、8、9对应的三个按键，因为第58分钟距第55分钟间隔小于锁定周期10分钟，此为无效输注信息，不触发单次输注。第66分钟、第78分钟即为重置后第一判定周期的第11分钟和第23分钟，分别进行了1.7ml、2ml的有效单次输注。因此在第78分钟时，有效权重累加值17，大于预设权重阈值的上限15；启动附加判断，最后一次触发的权重9为近时间段所触发的最大权值，满足增量条件，控制模块发出增加输注指令，泵体的持续输注速度从2.5ml/h自动调整为3.1ml/h(精确到0.1ml)。
然后单位判定周期1h内的所有按键的有效权重累加值在之后的连续6h里均小于或等于权重阈值下限2，持续输注速度自动调整为2.3ml/h。
在随后的6个小时中，如果单位判定周期内所有按键的有效权重累加值在连续6h里均小于或等于权重阈值下限2，持续输注速度则自动调整为2.3ml/h。
实施例8
本实施例提供的输注装置硬件配置与实施例4基本相同。设置输注总量为150ml、初始持续输注速度为2ml/h、1小时极限量为10ml。第一判定周期为1h，第二判定周期时间为4h、第二判定周期内单位判定周期为1h。
设置初始单次输注量为1ml、初始锁定周期10分钟。结合二级菜单的默认设置， 如下表7所示：
表7单次输注量、锁定周期与权重的关系
Figure PCTCN2022120764-appb-000006
为了防止多次输注速度增加或减小调节导致超出合理输注速度，进一步设置持续输注速度自动调节范围在0.2-4ml/h之间。
加量输注判断规则：
输注装置启动后实时监控近1小时(第一判定周期)内自控输注面板触发的锁定周期之外所有有效按键的权重累加值与预设权重阈值上限的关系，如果大于或等于12则即刻触发增加输注指令，泵体的持续输注速度增加20％；如果小于12，则维持当前输注方式。
减量输注判断规则：
实时监控近4小时(第二判定周期)内自控输注面板触发的锁定周期之外所有有效按键的权重累加值与权重阈值下限的关系，如果持续小于或等于2(即每个小时自控输注面板触发的锁定周期之外所有有效按键的权重累加值均小于或等2，且连续4个小时都小于或等于2，第二判定周期结束时则发出降低输注指令，持续输注速度减少20％。
当本实施例的输注装置运行后，第11分钟、第33分钟、第45分钟患者通过自控输注面板分别按下4、4、5对应的三个按键，且这三次均触发于锁定周期之外，单次输注模块分别进行三次有效单次输注1ml、1ml、1.3ml，在这45分钟内累计有效权重为13，大于预设有效权重阈值上限12，控制模块发出增加输注指令，泵体的持续输注速度自动调整为2.4ml/h。
第一判定周期的计时器重新开始计时，第59分钟、第76分钟、第98分钟患者又分别按下3、2、4对应的三个按键，分别对应新的第一判定周期的第14分钟、第31分钟和第53分钟。第98分钟时有效权重累加值为9，小于预设权重阈值的上限12，因此维持当前输注速度。在这一个判定周期(1小时内)没有再触发任何改变输注速度的指 令，则进入新的第一判定周期，重新开始进行权重累加值的实时监测。从第105分钟开始往后连续的4小时中，每个小时的有效权重累加值均低于预设权重阈值下限2，满足减量条件，持续输注速度自动调整为1.9ml/h。
实施例9
本实施例的泵头采用非匀速输注设计，设置输注总量为200ml、1小时极限量为10ml。
设置第一判定周期为1h，第二判定周期时间为6h、第二判定周期内的单位判定周期为1h，疼痛自评周期为2min。在二级菜单设置相应输注等级及对应的持续输注速度和输注量阈值，如表8所示；初始单次输注量为1ml、初始锁定周期10分钟，其余按键权重和锁定周期外单次输注倍率和锁定周期的设置如表8所示：
表8单次输注量、锁定周期与权重的关系
Figure PCTCN2022120764-appb-000007
加量输注判断规则：
实时监控近1小时内的总输注量与当前输注等级输注量阈值的关系，总输注量等于当前输注等级下1个小时的持续输注量与这1个小时内锁定周期之外有效单次输注量的总和。如果大于或等于当前输注等级对应的输注量阈值上限，即刻触发附加判断：启动自评程序，此时自控输注面板提示患者根据要求进行疼痛评分，如患者触发的权重大于4，则发出降低输注指令。
减量输注判断规则：
实时监控近6小时(第二判定周期)内单位判定周期的总输注量与输注量阈值的关系，如果持续小于或等于预设输注量阈值的下限，即刻启动自评程序，此时自控输注面板提示患者根据要求进行疼痛评分，如患者触发的权重小于1，则发出降低输注指令。
本实施例中，开始运行输注装置后，在第50分钟监测到当前第一判定周期的总输注量达到了当前输注等级的上限，启动自评判断，在响应时间内患者自评6分，自动提 高一个输注等级。重新开始新的第一判定周期输注量监测，到第75分钟时(为当前第一判定周期的第25分钟)输注量达到了当前输注等级的上限，启动自评判断，在响应时间内患者自评3分，维持原输注等级。然后在接下来的连续6次单位判定周期的总输注量均小于或等于所在输注等级输注量阈值的下限，启动自评程序，在自评周期内给出自评0分，自动下降一个输注等级。
实施例10
对于持续输注速度为非线性输注的输注装置，设置输注总量为100ml、1小时极限量为8ml。设置第一判定周期为2h，第二判定周期时间为6h、第二判定周期内的单位判定周期为2h。在第二菜单设置五个输注等级(I～V)及对应的持续输注速度和输注量阈值。
自控输注面板设有四个物理按键，分别代表无痛(不进行单次输注，权重值0)、轻度疼痛(单次输注量1ml、锁定周期10分钟，权重值1)、中度疼痛(单次输注量2ml、锁定周期20分钟，权重值2)、重度疼痛(单次输注量3ml、锁定周期30分钟，权重值3)。
加量输注判断规则：
每间隔2h判断一次：2h内的所有自控输注面板按键的权重累加值大于或等于预设权重阈值上限5或者2h内的总输注量大于或等于当前输注等级所对应的第一判定周期输注量阈值上限。
两者满足其一，则进行附加判断：最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重为第一判定周期内的最大权重，或者最后一次有效单次输注信息的权重大于等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重。附加判断中两者满足任一，则泵体输注等级提高一级。
减量输注判断规则：
每间隔2h判断一次，2h内的所有按键的有效权重累加值小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限1，且连续三次都小于或等于1；或者2h内的总输注量小于或等于该所在输注等级对应的输注量阈值下限，且连续三次都小于或等于输注量阈值下限。两者满足其一，泵体的持续输注速度下降一个等级。
本实施例所述的输注装置开始运行后，在第一个2小时内患者于锁定周期之外依次按下了权重对应1、3、2的按键，于第一判定周期结束时进行判断，当前权重累加值6大于预设权重阈值上限5，但最后一次权重不是本周期内的最大权重，也不大于前一次 权重，因此输注装置维持原输注状态。
随后在第二个2小时结束时再次进行判断，该第一判定周期内权重累加值为7，第一判定周期输注量大于当前输注等级阈值上限，满足条件一，本周期最后一次有效权重为本周期内最大权重，满足条件二，所以自动提高一个输注等级。如果2小时内的所有按键的有效权重累加值在连续6h里均小于或等于权重阈值下限1，或者2h内的输注量在连续6h里均小于或等于该输注等级所对应的输注量阈值下限，两者满足其一，泵体的持续输注速度自动下降一个输注等级。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (35)

  1. 一种输注装置，包括泵体、储药装置和输液管道，其特征在于：还包括自控输注面板，所述自控输注面板上设有若干按键；所述泵体包括
    调速模块，用于接收增加输注指令或降低输注指令并相应地调节所述泵体的持续输注速度；
    存储模块，用于储存锁定周期之内来自自控输注面板所有按键触发的无效单次输注信息、锁定周期之外来自自控输注面板所有按键触发的有效单次输注信息、泵体基于时间序列的持续输注速度和/或持续输注量、以及输注量阈值，其中所述无效单次输注信息和有效单次输注信息包括各个按键的权重及单次输注量；
    单次输注模块，用于根据有效单次输注信息的权重向泵体发出包含单次输注量的单次输注信号；
    锁定模块，用于获取预设锁定周期，并在有效单次输注信息触发时开始锁定周期的计时；和
    控制模块，用于在一定时间内通过有效单次输注信息的权重累加值与预设权重阈值的比较和/或在一定时间内总输注量与当前输注量阈值的比较，发出增加输注指令或降低输注指令。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述单次输注量为恒定值，或根据权重呈正相关分布。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述单次输注量根据权重呈正相关分布。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：任意所述按键的有效单次输注量为恒定值，所述锁定周期根据当前权重的大小递进关系，在预设锁定周期的基础上缩短或延长。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述锁定周期是基于预设锁定周期进行调节的，调节方法包括如下步骤：
    ST1：获取预设锁定周期；
    ST2：获取最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重；
    ST3：根据有效单次输注信息的权重在预设锁定周期的基础上延长或缩短。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任意一项所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述总输注量包 括持续输注量和锁定周期之外的单次输注量的总和，所述若干按键各自对应一个权重，每个权重呈正相关地与锁定周期之外的单次输注量对应。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块包括增速模块和减速模块；所述增速模块包括第一比较器，用于判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真则发出增加输注指令；所述减速模块包括第二比较器，用于判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，如果判断的结果都为真时，则发出降低输注指令。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述增速模块还包括第三比较器，用于在第一比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条或多条指令：
    判断在第一判定周期内的总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限，或判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重，或
    判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重，或
    判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限；
    当判断结果都为真或部分为真时发出增加输注指令；
    所述减速模块还包括第四比较器，用于在第二比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条指令：
    判断近第二判定周期内的总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，或判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限；
    当判断结果为真或部分为真时发出降低输注指令。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块包括增速模块和减速模块；所述增速模块包括第五比较器，用于判断第一判定周期内的总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真则发出增加输注指令；所述减速模块包括第六比较器，用于判断第二判定周期内的总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，如果判断的结果都为真时，则发出降低输注指令。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述增速模块还包括第七比较器，用于在第五比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条或多条指令：
    判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，或
    判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重，或
    判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重，或
    判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限；
    当判断结果都为真或部分为真时发出增加输注指令；
    所述减速模块还包括第八比较器，用于在第六比较器判定为真时，进一步执行以下任意一条指令：
    判断近第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，或判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限；
    当判断结果为真或部分为真时发出降低输注指令。
  11. 根据权利要求7或9所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述增加输注指令是在第一比较器或第五比较器判断为真的时刻发出，或在第一判定周期结束的时刻发出；所述降低输注指令是在第二判定周期结束的时刻发出。
  12. 根据权利要求8或10所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述增加输注指令是在第三比较器或第七比较器判断为真的时刻发出，或在第一判定周期结束的时刻发出；所述降低输注指令是在第二判定周期结束的时刻发出。
  13. 根据权利要求7-12任意一项所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述增加输注指令或降低输注指令发出后，相应的比较器重新进入下一个判定周期。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述第二判定周期大于第一判定周期。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任意一项所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述泵体的持续输注量为基于时间序列和持续输注速度的乘积，所述持续输注速度为匀速、线性增速、线性减速、非线性增速、非线性减速的任意一种或多种的组合。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述存储模块还用于获取 输注等级；所述增加输注指令用于提高当前输注等级，同时提升泵体的持续输注速度和输注量阈值；所述降低输注指令用于降低当前输注等级，同时降低泵体的持续输注速度和输注量阈值。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述泵体按预设值提升或降低泵体的持续输注速度，或所述泵体按加档比提升或降低持续输注速度；每个输注等级设有对应的持续输注速度和输注量阈值；所述泵体设有持续输注速度阈值。
  18. 根据权利要求1-17任意一项所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述按键为虚拟按键和/或实体按键，按键数量为4-12个。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述泵体或自控输注面板上设有提示器，所述提示器触发后进入自评周期的始计时。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述自控输注面板或每个按键上设有权重标记，权重标记与有效单次输注信息的权重呈递增式地一一对应或维持恒定。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：所述权重标记包括阿拉伯数字、情绪符号、具有颜色标记的色块、线条、刻度的任意一种或多种的组合。
  22. 根据权利要求1-21任意一项所述的一种输注装置，其特征在于：该输注装置还包括中央监护服务器、显示屏、与所述中央监护服务器通信连接的信号接收装置、以及设于泵体或自控输注面板的信号发射装置，所述信号发射装置用于传输输注数据至中央监护服务器。
  23. 一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，用于控制一种输注装置，所述输注装置包括泵体、储药装置和输液管道，其特征在于，该输注装置还包括自控输注面板，所述自控输注面板上设有若干按键；所述控制方法包括如下步骤：
    S110：判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真则执行S120，否则执行S130；
    S120：向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期，
    S130：不发出增加输注指令。
  24. 一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，用于控制一种输注装置，所述输注装置包括泵体、储药装置和输液管道，其特征在于，该输注装置还包括自控输注面板，所述自控输注面板上设有若干按键；所述控制方法包括如下步骤：
    S210：判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真，则执行S220，否则继续执行S210；
    S220：执行S221-S224的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真或部分为真时向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期，如果全都不为真，不发出增加输注指令，并进入下一个第一判定周期，
    S221：判断在第一判定周期内总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限；
    S222：判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重；
    S223：判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重；
    S224：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限。
  25. 一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，用于控制一种输注装置，所述输注装置包括泵体、储药装置和输液管道，其特征在于，该输注装置还包括自控输注面板，所述自控输注面板上设有若干按键；所述控制方法包括如下步骤：
    S310：判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，如果持续判断结果为真，则执行S320，否则继续执行S330；
    S320：向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期；
    S330：如果判断结果不都为真，不发出降低输注指令。
  26. 一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，用于控制一种输注装置，所述输注装置包括泵体、储药装置和输液管道，其特征在于，该输注装置还包括自控输注面板，所述自控输注面板上设有若干按键；所述控制方法包括如下步骤：
    S410：判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限，如果持续判断结果都为真，则执行S420，否则继续执行S410；
    S420：执行S421、S422的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真或部分为真时向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期，如果全都不为真，不发出降低输注指令，并进入下一个第二判定周期，
    S421：判断近第二判定周期内的总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限；
    S422：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限。
  27. 一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，用于控制一种输注装置，所述输注装置包括泵体、储药装置和输液管道，其特征在于，该输注装置还包括自控输注面板，所述自控输注面板上设有若干按键；所述控制方法包括如下步骤：
    S510：判断近第一判定周期内的总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真则执行S520，否则执行S530；
    S520：向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期；
    S530：不发出增加输注指令。
  28. 一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，用于控制一种输注装置，所述输注装置包括泵体、储药装置和输液管道，其特征在于，该输注装置还包括自控输注面板，所述自控输注面板上设有若干按键；所述控制方法包括如下步骤：
    S610：判断第一判定周期内总输注量是否大于或等于当前输注量阈值的上限，如果判断结果为真，则执行S620，否则继续执行S610；
    S620：执行S621-S624的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真时或部分为真向泵体发出增加输注指令，进入下一个第一判定周期，如果不都为真，不发出增加输注指令，并进入下一个第一判定周期，
    S621：判断第一判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否大于或等于预设权重阈值的上限；
    S622：判断在第一判定周期内最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否为第一判定周期内的最大权重；
    S623：判断最近一次有效单次输注信息的权重是否大于或等于前一次有效单次输注信息的权重；
    S624：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否大于自评阈值上限。
  29. 一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，用于控制一种输注装置，所述输注装置包括泵体、储药装置和输液管道，其特征在于，该输注装置还包括自控输注面板，所述自控输注面板上设有若干按键；所述控制方法包括如下步骤：
    S710：判断第二判定周期内总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，如果判断结果为真则执行S720，否则执行S730；
    S720：向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期；
    S730：不发出降低输注指令。
  30. 一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，用于控制一种输注装置，所述输注装置包括泵体、储药装置和输液管道，其特征在于，该输注装置还包括自控输注面板，所述自控输注面板上设有若干按键；所述控制方法包括如下步骤：
    S810：判断第二判定周期内总输注量是否持续小于或等于当前输注量阈值的下限，如果持续判断的结果都为真，则执行S820，否则继续执行S810；
    S820：执行S821、S822的任意一条或多条判断步骤，当判断结果都为真或部分为真时向泵体发出降低输注指令，进入下一个第二判定周期，如果全都不为真，不发出降低输注指令，并进入下一个第二判定周期，
    S821：判断第二判定周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值是否持续小于或等于预设权重阈值的下限；
    S822：判断在自评周期内按键触发的自评权重是否小于自评阈值下限。
  31. 根据权利要求23-30所述的一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，其特征在于：所述泵体的持续输注量为基于时间序列和持续输注速度的乘积，所述持续输注速度为匀速、线性增速、线性减速、非线性增速、非线性减速的任意一种或多种的组合。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，其特征在于：当触发增加输注指令时，提高当前输注等级，同时提升持续输注速度和输注量阈值；当触发降低输注指令时，降低当前输注等级，同时降低持续输注速度和输注量阈值。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，其特征在于：所述泵体按预设值提升或降低泵体的持续输注速度，或所述泵体按加档比提升或降低持续输注速度；每个输注等级设有对应的持续输注速度和输注量阈值；所述泵体设有持续输注速度阈值。
  34. 根据权利要求23-30任意一项所述的一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，其特征在于，所述泵体或自控输注面板上设有提示器，所述自评周期内按键触发的自评权重与自评阈值的判断步骤包括：
    S910：触发提示器，所述自评周期开始计时；
    S920：判断自评周期内触发的按键权重是否大于自评阈值上限，判断结果为真时提高输注等级；或判断自评周期内触发的按键权重是否小于自评阈值下限，判断结果为真 时降低输注等级；
    S930：所述步骤S920的判断结果不为真时维持当前输注等级，结束自评周期。
  35. 根据权利要求23-34任意一项所述的一种基于自控权重和输注量判断的控制方法，其特征在于，所述输注装置还包括中央监护服务器、显示屏、与所述中央监护服务器通信连接的信号接收装置、以及设于泵体或自控输注面板的信号发射装置，所述信号发射装置用于传输输注数据至中央监护服务器，所述输注数据选自以下任意一种或多种的组合：
    统计周期内有效单次输注信息的权重累加值或均值，
    统计周期内无效单次输注信息的权重累加值或均值，
    基于时间序列的输注速度或统计周期内的持续输注量，
    统计周期内的平均输注速度，
    一定时间内有效单次输注信息的单次输注量累加值，
    自评时间内触发的按键权重，
    当前输注等级和输注速度，
    低输注量状态和高输注量状态。
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