WO2023045769A1 - 可回环排石的术用输尿管镜 - Google Patents

可回环排石的术用输尿管镜 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023045769A1
WO2023045769A1 PCT/CN2022/117839 CN2022117839W WO2023045769A1 WO 2023045769 A1 WO2023045769 A1 WO 2023045769A1 CN 2022117839 W CN2022117839 W CN 2022117839W WO 2023045769 A1 WO2023045769 A1 WO 2023045769A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
liquid outlet
ureteroscope
channel
main body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/117839
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
单剑
程跃
陈卿业
吴海良
方立
黄俊俊
李强
Original Assignee
宁波新跃医疗科技股份有限公司
宁波市第一医院
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁波新跃医疗科技股份有限公司, 宁波市第一医院 filed Critical 宁波新跃医疗科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023045769A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045769A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A61B1/015—Control of fluid supply or evacuation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A61B1/018—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor for receiving instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/307—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the urinary organs, e.g. urethroscopes, cystoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
    • A61B18/26—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor for producing a shock wave, e.g. laser lithotripsy

Definitions

  • the application relates to the field of medical devices, in particular to a surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones.
  • ureteroscopy has been widely used in the treatment of urinary stone diseases.
  • the ureteroscope can be inserted into the ureter or kidney from the urethral opening, and medical workers can use the ureteroscope together with image acquisition equipment, lighting equipment and other equipment to observe the situation in the kidney and crush stones at the target position.
  • the design of ureteroscope capable of deriving lithotripsy was proposed.
  • the ureteroscope is provided with a crushed stone discharge mechanism to discharge the crushed stones out of the body in time.
  • the removal efficiency of the broken stone is low.
  • An advantage of the present application is to provide a surgical ureteroscope capable of turning back stones to expel stones, wherein the surgical ureteroscope capable of turning back stones to expel stones has a relatively high exporting efficiency of crushed stones.
  • Another advantage of the present application is that it provides a surgical ureteroscope that can be retracted to expel stones, wherein the fluid outlet and inlet of the surgical ureteroscope that can retract and expel stones has a special combination of postures to The fluid ejected from the liquid outlet forms a loop in the renal pelvis and then flows back to the liquid inlet. In this way, not only the removal efficiency of the broken stones is improved, but also the fluid discharged from the liquid outlet can be prevented from passing through the renal pelvis. directly into the liquid inlet.
  • Yet another advantage of the present application is that it provides a surgical ureteroscope that can be retracted to expel stones, wherein the liquid outlet and inlet of the surgical ureteroscope that can be retracted to expel stones have a special combination of postures to The extent to which the negative pressure in the liquid outlet channel is weakened causes suction interference to the fluid ejected from the liquid outlet.
  • the present application provides a surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones, which includes:
  • a tube mirror body having a front end and a rear end
  • the tube mirror main body includes:
  • At least one liquid injection channel extending from the rear end to the front end in the main body of the pipe structure, the at least one liquid injection channel has at least one liquid outlet at the front end;
  • At least one liquid outlet channel extending from the front end to the rear end in the pipe structural body, the at least one liquid outlet channel has at least one liquid inlet at the front end;
  • the liquid outlet of the infusion channel has a first orientation, which is used to allow fluid to be injected into the renal pelvis along the infusion channel from the first direction in which the liquid outlet points in the first orientation, so
  • the liquid inlet port of the liquid outlet channel has a second orientation at a preset angle with the first orientation, so as to allow the fluid to point in a second direction with the second orientation after being diverted in the renal pelvis
  • the liquid is sucked into the liquid outlet channel from the liquid inlet to form a fluid loop.
  • the included angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°.
  • the liquid inlet is located in front of the liquid outlet in the axial direction set by the main body of the tube scope.
  • the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet are two mutually isolated openings.
  • the tubular structural main body has a front end surface and an outer peripheral surface, wherein the liquid outlet is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tubular structural main body, and the liquid inlet A port is formed on the front end face of the pipe structural body.
  • the included angle between the central axis of the tubescope main body and the central axis of the liquid outlet is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.
  • the front end surface of the tubular structural main body runs along the tube from the first side of the peripheral surface to the second side opposite to the first side.
  • the axis set by the diameter main body extends obliquely forward.
  • the at least one liquid injection channel includes a first liquid injection channel and a second liquid injection channel, and the first liquid injection channel has a a first liquid outlet, and the second liquid injection channel has a second liquid outlet located at the front end.
  • the outer diameter of the main body of the tube structure is equal to 4.3 mm
  • the diameter of the liquid outlet channel is equal to 2.2 mm
  • the equivalent diameter of the first liquid injection channel is Greater than or equal to 1.2 mm.
  • the tube scope body further includes an optical fiber channel extending from the rear end to the front end in the tubular structural body.
  • the optical fiber channel is connected to the liquid outlet channel.
  • the surgical ureteroscope that can be retracted to expel stones further includes a stone crushing mechanism for beating stones, and the stone crushing mechanism is arranged in the optical fiber channel .
  • the surgical ureteroscope that can retract for stone expulsion further includes an image acquisition device and a light source installed on the main body of the tube scope.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates one of the working schematic diagrams of a conventional ureteroscope.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the second working schematic diagram of an existing ureteroscope.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates another schematic view of the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of a tubescope main body of a surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6A illustrates one of the partial schematic diagrams of the tubescope main body of the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6B illustrates the second partial schematic diagram of the tubescope main body of the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6C illustrates the third partial schematic diagram of the tubescope main body of the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6D illustrates the fourth partial schematic view of the tubescope main body of the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7A illustrates one of the partial schematic diagrams of the tubescope main body of the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to a modification of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7B illustrates the second partial schematic diagram of the tubescope main body of the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to a modification of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7C illustrates the third partial schematic diagram of the tubescope main body of the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to a modification of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7D illustrates the fourth partial schematic view of the tubescope main body of the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to a modification of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a tubescope main body of a surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9A illustrates one of the working diagrams of the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application when the main body of the ureteroscope is in the renal pelvis.
  • Fig. 9B illustrates the second working schematic diagram of the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application when the main body of the ureteroscope is in the renal pelvis.
  • Fig. 10A illustrates one of the working diagrams of treating stones in different positions in the kidney with the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10B illustrates the second working schematic diagram of treating stones in different positions in the kidney with the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10C illustrates the third working schematic diagram of treating stones at different positions in the kidney with the surgical ureteroscope capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the design of ureteroscope capable of deriving lithotripsy was proposed.
  • the ureteroscope is provided with a crushed stone discharge mechanism to discharge the crushed stones out of the body in time.
  • the removal efficiency of the broken stone is low.
  • a self-draining ureteroscope tube 11P for a self-draining ureteroscope is provided with a water inlet channel 110P and an outlet channel 120P, and the water inlet channel 110P has a water inlet channel 110P.
  • Outlet 1101P the exhaust channel 120P has an exhaust inlet 1202P.
  • the water inlet channel 110P is used for water intake, and the outlet channel 120P is used for discharging water and gravel.
  • the water flow emitted from the water inlet outlet 1101P of the water inlet channel 110P can impact the gravel.
  • water flow and gravel can be attracted to the discharge channel 120P to discharge the gravel out of the body.
  • the water flows directly from the water inlet outlet 1101P to the discharge inlet 1202P facing the same direction as the water inlet outlet 1101P, and the water inlet channel
  • the water inlet outlet 1101P of 110P is relatively close to the outlet inlet 1202P of the outlet channel 120P. Therefore, the water flow emitted from the water inlet outlet 1101P of the water inlet channel 110P is easily disturbed by the suction force in the outlet channel 120P, so that part of the water flow emitted from the water inlet outlet 1101P of the water inlet channel 110P is not impacted.
  • the gravel has been attracted to the discharge inlet 1202P of the discharge channel 120P. In this way, part of the water flow emitted from the water inlet channel 110P does not impact on the crushed stones, and the crushed stones still stay in the kidney, resulting in a low exporting efficiency of the crushed stones.
  • the formation of the water inlet outlet 1101P is more protruding than the formation of the discharge inlet 1202P.
  • the fluid exits from the water inlet outlet 1101P and impacts the gravel forward it is difficult to lift up the heavier gravel at the bottom of the renal pelvis, or it can only drive the gravel to move in disorder, resulting in low export efficiency of the gravel ,as shown in picture 2.
  • the water inlet outlet 1101P of the water inlet channel 110P and the outlet inlet 1202P of the outlet channel 120P are both formed on the working end surface of the self-draining ureteroscope tube 11P, and the water inlet outlet Both 1101P and the discharge inlet 1202P occupy the radial space of the ureteroscope tube 11P.
  • the size of the discharge inlet 1202P is relatively large, and due to the limitation of the radial space of the tube 11P for the ureteroscope, the size of the water inlet outlet 1101P is relatively small.
  • the water output of the water inlet and outlet 1101P is less, the impact force is smaller, and the range of the water flow is shorter.
  • Increasing the impact force and prolonging the range by increasing the water inlet pressure will increase the risk of pressure rise in the renal pelvis .
  • the small size of the water inlet outlet 1101P makes it difficult for the gravel to be washed up by the water flow emitted from the water inlet outlet 1101P, which in turn leads to a low exporting efficiency of the gravel.
  • the short-range water flow is easily disturbed by the negative pressure at the discharge inlet 1202P.
  • the inventors of the present application found that the flow direction of the fluid, the relative positional relationship between the water inlet outlet 1101P and the outlet inlet 1202P will affect the removal efficiency of gravel.
  • the inventors of the present application improved the removal efficiency of gravel by adjusting the relative positional relationship between the opening for introducing fluid and the opening for discharging fluid, and controlling the flow direction of fluid.
  • a kind of surgical ureteroscope capable of turning back and removing stones which includes: a tube mirror main body with a front end and a rear end; The operating part; wherein, the tube mirror body includes: a tube structure main body; at least one liquid injection channel extending from the rear end to the front end in the tube structure main body, and the at least one liquid injection channel There is at least one liquid outlet located at the front end; and at least one liquid outlet channel extending from the front end to the rear end in the main body of the pipe structure, the at least one liquid outlet channel has a At least one liquid inlet port at the front end; wherein, the liquid outlet port of the liquid injection channel has a first orientation for allowing fluid to flow from the liquid outlet port to the first direction along the liquid injection channel Inject into the renal pelvis in a first direction, and the liquid inlet of the outlet channel has a second orientation with a preset angle with the first orientation, so as to allow the fluid to be diverted backward in the renal pelvis The second direction directed
  • a surgical ureteroscope 100 capable of circumventing stones As shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 9C , a surgical ureteroscope 100 capable of circumventing stones according to an embodiment of the present application is illustrated.
  • the surgical ureteroscope 100 capable of turning back and removing stones will be described by taking the application of the turning and turning stone-expelling surgical ureteroscope 100 to treat stone c in the renal pelvis p as an example.
  • the surgical ureteroscope 100 capable of circumventing stones can be used to check the condition of the kidneys, crush the stones c in the renal pelvis p, and guide the stones to be discharged.
  • the surgical ureteroscope 100 capable of circumventing stones includes a tubescope body 10 having a front end 110 and a rear end 120 , and the tubescope body 10 operatively arranged on the The operation part 20 of the rear end part 120 is shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 .
  • the tube mirror main body 10 can be used as the insertion part of the surgical ureteroscope 100 that can be retracted to expel stones, and can extend from the urethra into the ureter or kidney, and an image acquisition system can be set on the tube mirror main body 10 .
  • the tubescope main body 10 has a smooth outer surface, or the outer surface of the tubescope main body 10 is smooth after entering the patient's body, so that the tubescope main body 10 can enter the kidney smoothly. As shown in FIG.
  • the operating part 20 can be communicatively connected to the image output device 500 (for example, with the image acquisition device 300 communicatively connected computer) to obtain images of the kidney and the stones located in the kidney, thereby facilitating the user to observe the situation of the stone c in the renal pelvis p.
  • the operable components for example, the stone breaking mechanism 200 , the guiding mechanism 600 , the liquid injection device 700 , and the suction device 800 .
  • the suction device 800 connected to the tubescope main body 10 through the operating part 20 Attracts debris in the kidney.
  • the tube mirror body 10 includes a tube structural body 11 , at least one liquid injection channel 12 and at least one liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the at least one liquid injection channel 12 extends from the rear end 120 to the front end 110 in the pipe structure main body 11, and the at least one liquid outlet channel 13 extends from the The front end 110 extends to the rear end 120 .
  • the infusion channel 12 and the outflow channel 13 are independent of each other, so that the fluid entrained by the infusion channel 12 can be guided into the kidney and collide with the gravel at the same time. Fluid is attracted to the liquid outlet channel 13, and mutual interference between impacting gravel and attracting gravel is avoided.
  • the at least one liquid injection channel 12 has at least one liquid outlet 121 located at the front end 110 and at least one first operating port 122 connected to the at least one liquid outlet 121 , and the at least one liquid outlet 13 It has at least one liquid inlet 131 located at the front end 110 and a second operating port 132 connected to the at least one liquid inlet 131 .
  • the operating part 20 includes an operating body 210 , a first operating end 21 disposed on the operating body 210 and connected to the liquid injection channel 12 , and a first operating end 21 disposed on the operating body 210 and connected to the liquid outlet channel 12 .
  • the second operating end 22 of the channel 13 The operation part 20 communicates with the liquid injection channel 12 through the first operation end 21 connected with the first operation port 122 , and communicates with the second operation port 132 through it.
  • the operating end 22 communicates with the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the first operating end 21 is adapted to be connected to a liquid injection device 700, and allows the liquid injection device 700 to inject fluid into the renal pelvis p through the liquid injection channel 12, and the second operating end 22 is suitable to be connected to a suction device 800 (for example, an air pump), and allow the suction device 800 to suck fluid and gravel near the liquid outlet channel 13 through the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • a suction device 800 for example, an air pump
  • the operating part 20 further includes a negative pressure regulator 26, and the negative pressure regulator 26 is configured to adjust the pressure of the liquid outlet channel 13.
  • the air pressure inside as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
  • first operating end 21 and the second operating end 22 are not limited in this application.
  • the first operating end 21 and the second operating end 22 are also adapted to allow other devices to perform other functional operations.
  • the first operating end 21 is adapted to allow the guide mechanism 600 to pass through the liquid injection channel 12 and guide the tubescope main body 10 to a target position.
  • the operation part 20 may also include other operation ends, so as to allow other devices to perform other functional operations.
  • the formation manner of the liquid injection channel 12 and the liquid outlet channel 13 is not limited in this application.
  • the liquid injection channel 12 and the liquid outlet channel 13 can be formed by a plurality of through holes in the pipe structure main body 11 itself, or can be formed by cooperation of a plurality of hollow pipe bodies.
  • the tube structure main body 11 has a first through hole 101 and a second through hole 102 passing through the front end 110 and the rear end 120 of the tube mirror main body 10, so The first through hole 101 and the second through hole 102 respectively form the liquid injection channel 12 and the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the pipe structure main body 11 includes a first pipe body 60 , a second pipe body 70 extending in the first pipe body 60 and a third pipe body 70 extending in the first pipe body 60 Tube body 80.
  • the first tube body 60 has a first front opening 61 and a second front opening 63 formed at the front end 110 of the tube lens body 10 , and is formed at the rear end of the tube lens body 10 The first rear opening 62 and the second rear opening 64 of the portion 120 .
  • the second tube 70 has a first through hole 71 extending between the first front opening 61 of the front end 110 and the first rear opening 62 of the rear end 120 , the first front The opening 61 , the first through hole 71 and the first rear opening 62 communicate with each other and form the liquid injection channel 12 , wherein the first front opening 61 forms the opening of the liquid injection channel 12 .
  • the liquid outlet 121 and the first rear opening 62 form the first operating port 122 of the liquid injection channel 12 .
  • the third pipe body 80 has a second through hole 81 extending between the second front opening 63 of the front end 110 and the second rear opening 64 of the rear end 120 , the second front The opening 63 , the second through hole 81 and the second rear opening 64 communicate with each other and form the liquid outlet channel 13 , wherein the second front opening 63 forms the outlet of the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the liquid inlet 131 and the second rear opening 64 form the second operation port 132 of the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • first tube body 60 the second tube body 70 and the third tube body 80
  • first tube body 60, the second tube body 70 and the third tube body 80 can be integrally combined to form a one-piece structure, or the second tube body 70 and the first tube body 70
  • the three tube bodies 80 can be respectively fixed in the first tube body 60 .
  • the lithotripsy mechanism 200 (for example, a holmium laser) can reach the kidney and crush the stone c.
  • the liquid injection channel 12 can guide the fluid to exit from the liquid outlet 121 to impact the crushed stone, and move with the crushed stone.
  • the air pressure in the liquid outlet channel 13 is in a negative pressure state, therefore, when the fluid carries gravel and moves to a position close to the liquid inlet 131, the fluid and gravel are attracted to the liquid outlet channel 13, and The fluid may be disturbed by the suction force in the fluid outlet channel 13 during the process of impacting the gravel.
  • the inventors of the present application found that by adjusting the relative positional relationship between the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 and controlling the flow direction of the fluid, the suction interference to the fluid can be weakened, thereby improving the efficiency of stone removal.
  • the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 of the surgical ureteroscope 100 that can be retracted to expel stones have a special combination of posture and posture, so that the fluid emitted from the liquid outlet 121 is in the renal pelvis p After forming a loop, it flows back to the liquid inlet 131.
  • pose refers to that the pose of the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 refers to the position and posture of the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131, and six free degrees (the degrees of freedom of movement in the directions of the three coordinate axes and the degrees of freedom of rotation around the three coordinate axes).
  • the liquid outlet 121 of the liquid injection channel 12 has a first orientation for allowing fluid to flow from the liquid outlet 121 to the second orientation along the liquid injection channel 12 .
  • a first direction directed towards the renal pelvis p is injected into the renal pelvis p, and the liquid inlet 131 of the liquid outlet channel 13 has a second direction at a preset angle with the first direction, so as to allow the fluid to flow in the first direction.
  • the inside of the renal pelvis p is diverted, it is sucked into the liquid outlet channel 13 from the liquid inlet port 131 in the second direction pointed in the second orientation to form a fluid loop, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 9B .
  • the second orientation is different from the first orientation, and the first orientation is the same as the first orientation, and the second orientation is opposite to the second orientation, so that the first orientation and the first orientation
  • the angle between the two directions is not 0° or 180°, that is, the first direction and the second direction are not in the same direction, nor are they opposite to each other.
  • the fluid emitted from the liquid outlet 121 along the first direction flows back along the second direction having an included angle with the first direction after being diverted, forming a vortex fluid loop, which can prevent the fluid from flowing After the liquid outlet 121 exits along the first direction, it directly flows back to the liquid inlet 131 facing the same direction as the liquid outlet 121 along the opposite direction of the first direction, thereby weakening the attraction force on the Fluid is interfering.
  • the first direction and the second direction may be in the same direction or opposite to each other, and the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 are isolated from each other, and may Reducing the negative pressure in the liquid outlet channel 13 will disturb the fluid, which is not limited by the present application.
  • the included angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°.
  • the second direction is parallel to or infinitely close to the axis set by the tube lens body 10 , and the distance between the first direction and the axis set by the tube lens body 10 is The angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°.
  • the first direction is parallel to or infinitely close to the axis set by the tube lens body 10
  • the included angle between the second direction and the axis is greater than 0° and less than is equal to 90°, correspondingly, the included angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°.
  • the angle between the central axis of the liquid outlet 121 and the central axis of the liquid inlet 131 is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°, so that the first direction and The second direction forms a preset angle.
  • the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 are not flush in the axial direction set by the tube mirror body 10, so that the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 can be extended.
  • the distance between the liquid inlets 131 and the movement path of the fluid can not only reduce the suction interference of the negative pressure in the liquid outlet channel 13 on the fluid, but also, because the fluid flows through a wider area, the fluid can engulf There are relatively more crushed stones on the path of fluid movement, which can improve the export efficiency of crushed stones.
  • the non-alignment of the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 in the axial direction set by the tube mirror body 10 means that the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 exist Height difference, the distance between the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 and the front end point located at the front of the tube mirror main body 10 is different.
  • the distance between the liquid outlet 121 and the front end of the tube mirror body 10 is greater than the distance between the liquid inlet 131 and the front end of the tube mirror body 10, that is, , the liquid inlet 131 is axially located in front of the liquid outlet 121 , and the liquid inlet 131 is closer to the front end of the tube lens body 10 than the liquid outlet 121 .
  • the distance between the liquid outlet 121 and the front end of the tube mirror body 10 is smaller than the distance between the liquid inlet 131 and the front end of the tube mirror body 10, and also That is, the liquid outlet 121 is axially located in front of the liquid inlet 131 , and the liquid outlet 121 is closer to the front end of the tube mirror body 10 than the liquid inlet 131 .
  • the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 can be aligned in the axial direction set by the tube mirror main body 10, which is not for this application. limited.
  • the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 are two openings isolated from each other, in this way, the suction interference caused by the negative pressure in the liquid outlet channel 13 to the fluid is weakened .
  • the liquid outlet 121 and the liquid inlet 131 are respectively located on two different surfaces.
  • the pipe structure main body 11 has a front end surface 1101 and an outer peripheral surface 1102 , and the liquid outlet 121 is formed on the outer peripheral surface 1102 of the pipe structure main body 11 , the liquid inlet 131 is formed on the front end surface 1101 of the pipe structure main body 11 .
  • the liquid outlet 121 is opened to the side, and the liquid inlet 131 is opened to the front. Injected into the renal pelvis p, and after being diverted, it needs to bypass the outer peripheral surface 1102 and be sucked into the liquid outlet channel 13 from the liquid inlet 131 in the second direction, forming a vortex-like fluid loop, which can weaken Fluids are disturbed by attraction.
  • the pipe structure main body 11 includes a front peripheral wall 111 and a rear peripheral wall 112 extending backward from the front peripheral wall 111, the front peripheral wall 111 has a front outer peripheral surface 1111 and a front inner peripheral surface 1112, and the rear peripheral wall 112 It has a rear outer peripheral surface 1121 and a rear inner peripheral surface 1122 .
  • the front outer peripheral surface 1111 and the rear outer peripheral surface 1121 form the outer peripheral surface 1102 of the pipe structure main body 11 .
  • the front peripheral wall 111 also has a front section 1113 formed between the front outer peripheral surface 1111 and the front inner peripheral surface 1112
  • the rear peripheral wall 112 also has a front section 1113 formed between the rear outer peripheral surface 1121 and the rear inner peripheral surface 1121.
  • the rear section 1123 between the peripheral surfaces 1122 is opposite to the front section 1113 .
  • the front section 1113 and the rear section 1123 form the liquid outlet 121, and in this specific example, the first orientation refers to: the same plane as the front section 1113 and the plane where the rear section 1123 is located
  • the equidistant planes are relative to the direction in which the peripheral surface 1102 extends.
  • the fluid injected into the injection channel 12 exits in the first direction along the front section 1113 and the rear section 1123 of the pipe structure main body 11, wherein the first direction is consistent with the first same orientation.
  • the pipe structure main body 11 further includes a first front end wall 113 and a second front end wall 114 laterally extending from the first front end wall 113, the first front end wall 113 has a first inner end surface 1132 and a first outer end surface 1131 , the second front end surface 1101 has a second inner end surface 1142 and a second outer end surface 1141 .
  • the first outer end surface 1131 and the second outer end surface 1141 form the front end surface 1101 of the pipe structure main body 11, and the first inner end surface 1132 and the second inner end surface 1142 form the pipe structure main body 11 inner end face.
  • the first front end wall 113 also has a first section 1133 formed between the first inner end surface 1132 and the first outer end surface 1131
  • the second front end wall 114 also has a first section 1133 formed between the second inner end surface 1132 and the first outer end surface 1131.
  • the first section 1133 and the second section 1143 form the liquid inlet 131.
  • the second orientation refers to the plane where the first section 1133 is located and the second orientation.
  • the plane equidistant from the plane where the section 1143 is located is relative to the direction in which the front end face 1101 extends.
  • a preset included angle between the second orientation and the first orientation is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.
  • the fluid close to the liquid inlet 131 is sucked into the liquid outlet from the liquid inlet 131 along the first section 1133 and the second section 1143 of the pipe structural body 11 in the second direction.
  • the channel 13, wherein the second direction is opposite to the second orientation, and the angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°.
  • the liquid outlet 121 formed on the outer peripheral surface 1102 of the pipe structure body 11 mainly occupies the axial dimension of the pipe structure body 11
  • the The liquid inlet 131 of the front end surface 1101 mainly occupies the radial dimension of the pipe structure main body 11 .
  • the size of the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 121 can be increased relatively, and the design flexibility of the shape and quantity of the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 121 is relatively improved.
  • the ureteroscope can achieve a large fluid output under a relatively low fluid injection pressure, reducing the risk of increased pressure in the kidney.
  • the front end surface 1101 of the pipe structure main body 11 is aligned with the first side from the first side of the outer peripheral surface 1102
  • the opposite second side extends obliquely forward along the axial direction set by the tube lens main body 10 .
  • the front end surface 1101 of the tubular structural main body 11 is along the axial direction set by the tube lens main body 10 from the lower side set by the outer peripheral surface 1102 to the upper side opposite to the lower side. Extending obliquely forward, as shown in Figure 6A.
  • the liquid inlet 131 formed on the front end surface 110 is arranged along the tube lens main body 10 from the first side of the liquid outlet channel 13 to the second side opposite to the first side.
  • a fixed axial direction extends obliquely forward, wherein, the first side of the outer peripheral surface 1102 corresponds to the first side of the liquid outlet channel 13, and the second side of the outer peripheral surface 1102 corresponds to the liquid outlet channel 13 on the second side.
  • the shape of the liquid inlet 131 is approximately an ellipse.
  • the front end surface 1101 can be designed as a convex slope, a concave slope, a wave slope, and other types of slopes formed between the first side and the second side of the outer peripheral surface 1102. For this, Not limited by this application.
  • the front end surface 1101 is designed as a concave wave-shaped inclined surface formed between the first side and the second side of the outer peripheral surface 1102 .
  • the front end surface 1101 of the pipe structure main body 11 can also be designed such that the front end surface 1101 of the pipe structure main body 11 faces from the first side of the outer peripheral surface 1102
  • the second side opposite to the first side extends flush along the axial direction set by the tube lens body 10 (that is, the end of the front end surface 1101 close to the first side of the liquid outlet channel 13 Axially flush with its end close to the second side of the liquid outlet channel 13 ), this is not limited by the present application.
  • the front end surface 1101 is designed to extend obliquely forward from the first side to the second side of the outer peripheral surface 1102 along the axis set by the tube lens body 10 .
  • a On the one hand compared to the front end face 1101 which is designed to extend flush from the first side to the second side of the liquid outlet channel 13 (that is, the end of the front end face 1101 close to the liquid outlet channel 13 is at the The axial direction is flush with its end close to the second side of the liquid outlet channel 13), the path of the fluid detour is extended, not only the attraction interference is relatively weakened, but also because the fluid flows through a wider area, the kidney that can be entrained There are more crushed stones in the fluid movement path, which can improve the export efficiency of crushed stones.
  • the front end surface 1101 when the front end surface 1101 is designed to extend obliquely forward from the first side to the second side of the outer peripheral surface 1102 along the axial direction set by the tube lens main body 10, it may be
  • the liquid inlet 131 provides a relatively large distribution space.
  • the size of the liquid inlet 131 is relatively increased, allowing more gravel and fluid with a large flow rate to enter the liquid inlet 131.
  • the liquid outlet channel 13 is used to prevent gravel from clogging the liquid inlet 131 and improve the export efficiency of gravel.
  • the diameter of the liquid injection channel 12 is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the liquid outlet channel 13 to achieve flow balance.
  • the diameter size of the liquid injection channel 12 is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter size of the liquid outlet channel 13 means: the sum of the equivalent diameters of all the liquid injection channels 12 is equal to or slightly larger than all the liquid outlet channels 13 The sum of the equivalent diameters of the channels 13.
  • the number of the liquid inlet 131 is one, and the number of the liquid outlets 121 is two.
  • the at least one liquid injection channel 12 includes a first liquid injection channel and a second liquid injection channel, the first liquid injection channel has a first liquid outlet at the front end 110, and the second liquid injection channel The liquid channel has a second liquid outlet located at the front end 110 , and the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet are oppositely arranged.
  • the average value of the first inner diameter of the first liquid injection channel and the second inner diameter of the second liquid injection channel is greater than or equal to half of the diameter of the liquid outlet channel 13, and the outlet
  • the size of the liquid opening 121 matches the size of the first liquid injection channel
  • the size of the liquid inlet 131 matches the size of the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the outer diameter of the pipe structural body 11 is equal to 4.3 mm
  • the diameter of the liquid outlet channel 13 is equal to 2.2 mm
  • the equivalent diameter of the first liquid injection channel or the second liquid injection channel is greater than or equal to 1.2mm.
  • the number of the liquid inlet 131 is one, and the number of the liquid outlets 121 is two.
  • the liquid injection channel 12 is formed around the liquid outlet channel 13 , that is, the liquid injection channel 12 is an annular channel formed around the liquid outlet channel 13 , or in other words, the injection channel 12 is formed around the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the cross section of the liquid channel 12 is ring-shaped.
  • the liquid injection channel 12 has two liquid outlets 121 formed on the front end 120 , and the two liquid outlets 121 are formed on the outer peripheral surface 1102 .
  • the outer diameter of the pipe structural body 11 is equal to 4.3 mm
  • the diameter of the liquid outlet channel 13 is equal to 2.2 mm
  • the equivalent diameter of the liquid injection channel is greater than or equal to 1.2 mm.
  • the size, shape and quantity of the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 121 are not limited by the present application, and the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 121 can be adjusted according to actual application conditions.
  • the manner of isolating the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 121 is not limited in this application.
  • the liquid outlet 121 is formed on the front end surface 1101 of the pipe structure main body 11, and the liquid inlet 131 is formed on the outer peripheral surface 1102 of the pipe structure main body 11, the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 121 can also be isolated from each other.
  • a partition wall may also be provided between the front end surface 1101 and the outer peripheral surface 1102 to isolate the liquid inlet 131 from the liquid outlet 121 .
  • the liquid outlet 121 is formed on the front end surface 1101 of the pipe structure main body 11, and the liquid inlet 131 is formed on the pipe structure main body The outer peripheral surface 1102 of 11.
  • the first cross section 1133 of the first front end wall 113 of the pipe structure main body 11 and the second cross section 1143 of the second front end wall 114 form the liquid outlet 121
  • the front peripheral wall 111 of the pipe structure main body 11 The section 1113 and the rear section 1123 of the rear peripheral wall 112 form the liquid inlet 131 .
  • the first orientation refers to the direction in which a plane that is equidistant from the plane where the first section 1133 is located and the plane where the second section 1143 is located extends relative to the front end face 1101 , wherein the first A direction is consistent with the first orientation.
  • the second orientation refers to a direction in which a plane equidistant from the plane of the front section 1113 and the plane of the rear section 1123 extends relative to the outer peripheral surface 1102 .
  • the preset included angle between the second orientation and the first orientation is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°, the second orientation is opposite to the second orientation, and the first orientation is opposite to the second orientation.
  • the angle between the directions is greater than or equal to 90° and less than 180°.
  • the liquid outlet 121 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface 1102 of the pipe structure main body 11
  • the liquid inlet 131 is arranged on the front end surface 1101 of the pipe structure main body 11 .
  • the positions of the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 121 are not limited to the present application, and in other specific examples, the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 121 can be installed elsewhere. As shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D , in a specific example of the present application, both the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 121 are disposed on the front end surface 1101 of the pipe structure main body 11 .
  • the liquid injection channel 12 is formed around the liquid outlet channel 13 , that is, the liquid injection channel 12 is formed around the liquid outlet channel 13
  • the liquid injection channel 12 has two filling ports 121 formed on the front end 120, and the two filling ports 121 are separated in the Both sides of the suction port 131.
  • the tube scope main body 10 further includes an optical fiber channel 14 extending from the rear end 120 to the front end 110 in the tube structure main body 11, and the optical fiber channel 14 has a The fiber channel opening 141 at the front end portion 110 and the third operating port 142 at the rear end portion 120 of the tube mirror main body 10 .
  • the tube structure main body 11 also has a third through hole 103 penetrating through the front end portion 110 and the rear end portion 120 of the tube mirror main body 10, the third through hole 103 forms the fiber channel 14 .
  • the pipe structure main body 11 further includes a fourth pipe body 90, and the fourth pipe body 90 is connected with other pipe bodies (for example, the first pipe body 60, the second pipe body 70 , the third tube body 80 ) cooperate to form the optical fiber channel 14 .
  • the optical fiber channel 14 can be independent from the liquid injection channel 12 and the liquid outlet channel 13 , and can also communicate with the liquid injection channel 12 and/or the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the optical fiber channel 14 is independent from the liquid injection channel 12 and the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the tube structure main body 11 further includes a fourth tube body 90 extending in the first tube body 60 , and the first tube body 60 has a first tube body 90 formed on the front end portion 110 of the tube lens body 10 .
  • the fourth tube 90 has a third through hole 91 extending between the third front opening 65 of the front end 110 and the third rear opening 66 of the rear end 120 , the third front The opening 65, the third through hole 91 and the third rear opening 66 form the fiber channel 14, wherein the third front opening 65 forms the fiber channel opening 141, and the third rear The opening 66 forms the third operating port 142 .
  • the optical fiber channel 14 communicates with the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the optical fiber channel 14 shares at least a part of the tube body and at least one opening with the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the pipe structure main body 11 further includes a fourth pipe body 90 extending in the first pipe body 60 .
  • the first tube body 60 has a first rear opening 62 and a second rear opening 64 formed on the rear end portion 120 of the tube mirror body 10;
  • the third tube body 80 has a The second through hole 81 between the second front opening 63 of the front end portion 110 and the second rear opening 64 of the rear end portion 120, the second front opening 63, the second through hole 81 and the second through hole 81
  • the second rear openings 64 communicate with each other and form the liquid outlet channel 13, wherein the second front opening 63 forms the liquid inlet 131 of the liquid outlet channel 13, and the second rear opening 63 forms the liquid inlet 131 of the liquid outlet channel 13.
  • the opening 64 forms the second operating port 132 of the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the third tube body 80 also has a connection interface 82
  • the first tube body 60 also has a third rear opening 66 formed at the rear end portion 120 of the tube mirror body 10 .
  • the fourth tube body 90 has a third through hole 91 extending between the connection interface 82 of the third tube body 80 and the third rear opening 66 of the rear end portion 120 .
  • the fourth pipe body 90 communicates with the third pipe body 80 and the second front opening 63 of the first pipe body 60 , the second front opening 63 , the third pipe body 80 At least a part, the third through hole 91, and the third rear opening 66 form the fiber channel 14, wherein the third rear opening 66 forms the third operation of the fiber channel 14 port 142, the second front opening 63 forms the common opening of the optical fiber channel 14 and the liquid outlet channel 13, and the second front opening 63 can be used as the inlet of the liquid outlet channel 13
  • the liquid port 131 can also be used as the fiber channel opening 141 of the fiber channel 14 .
  • the optical fiber channel 14 may be formed in other channels, for example, in other examples of the present application, the optical fiber channel 14 is formed in the liquid outlet channel 13 .
  • the tube lens body 10 further includes an optical fiber channel 14 extending from the rear end portion 120 to the front end portion 110 in the tube structure main body 11, and the fourth tube body 90 extends on the Inside the third pipe body 80 inside the pipe structure main body 11 .
  • the fourth tube body 90 has a front opening, a rear opening and a third through hole 91 extending between the front opening and the rear opening, wherein the front opening is formed in the fiber channel opening 141 , the rear opening forms the third operating port 142 .
  • the fiber optic channel 14 is adapted to allow the passage of operable components.
  • the surgical ureteroscope 100 that can be retracted to expel stones further includes a stone breaking mechanism 200 for beating stones.
  • the fiber optic channel 14 allows passage of a lithotripsy mechanism 200 (eg, a holmium laser).
  • the lithotripsy mechanism 200 can be fixed in the fiber channel 14 or movably installed in the fiber channel 14 , which is not limited by the present application.
  • the rock breaking mechanism 200 is telescopically installed in the fiber channel 14, and the rock breaking mechanism 200 can extend from the fiber channel opening 141 in the fiber channel 14. out or retract.
  • the fiber optic channel 14 communicates with the liquid outlet channel 13, and the liquid inlet 131 of the liquid outlet channel 13 is a connection between the liquid outlet channel 13 and the fiber optic channel 14.
  • a common opening, that is, the liquid inlet 131 can be used as the fiber channel opening 141 , and the lithotripsy mechanism 200 can be extended or retracted from the liquid inlet 131 .
  • the rock crushing mechanism 200 can move relative to the central axis of the liquid inlet 131 , and can move in the fiber channel 14 in a direction close to the central axis of the liquid inlet 131 move, or move in the fiber channel 14 in a direction away from the central axis of the liquid inlet 131 .
  • the lithotripsy mechanism 200 may be implemented as a holmium laser or other types of tools capable of striking stones c.
  • the holmium laser can emit laser light, and the energy generated by the holmium laser can make the water between the stone c and the holmium laser form microscopic cavities, and transmit the energy to the stone c to strike the stone c.
  • the water absorbs a large amount of energy, which can reduce the damage of the holmium laser to the tissues around the stone c.
  • the operation part 20 further includes a third operation end 23 connected to the fiber channel 14 , and the operation part 20 communicates with the third operation port 142 through the third operation end 23 connected to the
  • the fiber optic channel 14 is used to allow the stone crushing mechanism 200 to enter the fiber optic channel 14 through the operation part 20, and then enter the kidney to strike the stone c.
  • the surgical ureteroscope 100 capable of circumventing stones further includes an image acquisition device 300 and a light source 400 installed on the main body 10 of the tubescope to capture images of the kidney and the stones located in the kidney.
  • the positions of the image acquisition device 300 and the light source 400 are not limited by the present application.
  • the liquid inlet 131 of the liquid outlet channel 13 is located in the visible area of the image acquisition device 300 to capture The situation near the liquid inlet 131 is convenient for the user to observe the exporting situation of the gravel.
  • the light source 400 may be disposed close to the image capture device 300 to provide sufficient light for the image capture device 300 .
  • the operation unit 20 further includes a fourth operation terminal 24 communicably connected to the image acquisition device 300 .
  • the image output device 500 (for example, a computer communicably connected to the image capture device 300 ) can be communicably connected to the image capture device 300 through the operation part 20 to capture the kidney and the The image of the calculus is used to facilitate the user to observe the situation of the calculus c in the renal pelvis p.
  • the tube lens body 10 includes a The flexible part 1010 and the rigid part 1020 combined with the flexible part 1010 .
  • the rigid part 1020 may extend backward from the flexible part 1010 , or, the rigid part 1020 covers at least a part of the flexible part 1010 to ensure local stiffness of the tube lens body 10 .
  • the operating part 20 further includes a fifth operating end 25 operatively connected to the flexible part 1010 and an operating mechanism 27 mounted on the fifth operating end 25, wherein the operating mechanism 27 passes the
  • the fifth operating end 25 is operatively connected to the flexible part 1010 to control the curvature of the flexible part 1010, so that the tube lens main body 10 can reach different target positions, and the curvature of the flexible part 1010 It can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
  • the operating mechanism 27 includes a control wire 271 connected to the flexible part 1010 and a regulator 272 connected to the control wire 271, and the regulator 272 is configured to drive the control wire 271
  • the flexible part 1010 is pulled to make the flexible part 1010 bend.
  • the structure of the operating mechanism 27 and the way of controlling the bending of the flexible portion 1010 are not limited to the present application, that is, the operating mechanism 27 can be designed as other structures and control the bending of the flexible portion 1010 in other ways .
  • the flexible portion 1010 includes an active bending part 1011 and a passive bending part 1012.
  • the active bending part 1011 can be bent under the control of the operating part 20 and maintain a bent state.
  • the passive bending part 1012 follows the The bending of the active bending portion 1011 bends.
  • Fig. 10A to Fig. 10C illustrate the schematic diagrams of the treatment of calculus c at different target positions by the surgical ureteroscope 100 capable of turning back and removing stones according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the surgical ureteroscope 100 capable of turning back and removing stones according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the working process of the surgical ureteroscope 100 capable of turning back and removing stones will be described.
  • the tube scope main body 10 can enter the kidney along the patient's ureter and reach an initial predetermined position.
  • the image acquisition device 300 provided on the tube lens main body 10 and the image output device 500 communicably connected to the image acquisition device 300 can collect and display the image passing through the tube lens main body 10 The image of the surrounding environment at the location, and cooperate with the guide mechanism 600 to guide the tube lens main body 10 to the initial predetermined position.
  • the guide mechanism 600 can enter the liquid injection channel 12 through the operating part 20, and guide the tube mirror main body 10 to the initial predetermined position, and the tube mirror main body 10 reaches the initial predetermined position After that, the guide mechanism 600 can be taken out.
  • the lithotripsy mechanism 200 may be placed at the initial predetermined position of the kidney before or after insertion of the tubescope body 10 .
  • the rock crushing mechanism 200 can be disposed on the fiber channel 14 , and extend or retract from the fiber channel opening 141 (or, the liquid inlet 131 ).
  • the flexible part 1010 is controlled to bend by the operating mechanism 27 of the operating part 20, so that the liquid inlet 131 and the liquid outlet 121 can face the calculus c at the target position in the renal pelvis p.
  • the flexible part 1010 can be controlled to bend at a desired degree of curvature according to a target position.
  • the flexible portion 1010 is controlled to bend at a first degree of curvature
  • the flexible part 1010 is controlled to bend at a second degree of curvature, when the retractable ring to discharge
  • the flexible part 1010 is controlled to bend at a third degree of curvature, the third degree of curvature being greater than the second degree of curvature and the first degree of curvature.
  • the stone c may be beaten by the stone breaking mechanism 200, so as to break at least part of the stone c into broken stones.
  • the lithotripsy mechanism 200 may be implemented as the holmium laser.
  • the surgical ureteroscope 100 that can return the stones
  • the liquid outlet 121 ejects fluid in a first direction to a target position to impact the gravel.
  • fluid can be injected into the fluid injection channel 12 through the fluid injection device 700 connected to the operation part 20 , and the fluid can be injected into a target position to impact gravel.
  • the fluid and gravel can be attracted by negative pressure suction, and the fluid engulfing the gravel is diverted under the action of negative pressure suction, recoil of renal pelvis, etc., and flows back to the place in the second direction.
  • the liquid inlet 131 of the surgical ureteroscope 100 that can be used to expel stones. That is, during the process of crushing stones, the fluid is guided back to the liquid inlet 131 of the ureteroscope 100 in a second direction, wherein there is a predetermined distance between the first direction and the second direction. angle.
  • rubble and fluid can be sucked through the suction device 800 connected to the operation part 20 , so that the fluid and rubble can be discharged through the fluid outlet channel 13 to maintain the pressure in the kidney.
  • the direction of the liquid outlet 121 is the first direction
  • the direction of the liquid inlet 131 is the second direction
  • the fluid can flow from the liquid outlet 121 to the
  • the first direction pointed in the first direction is injected into the target position in the renal pelvis p, and after being turned, it is sucked into the liquid inlet 131 from the liquid inlet 131 in the second direction pointed in the second direction.
  • the fluid outlet channel 13 of the ureteroscope 100 is used to form a fluid loop.
  • the tube mirror main body 10 can be rotated so that the stone breaking mechanism 200 can beat the stone c in multiple directions, from The fluid ejected from the liquid outlet 121 can fully impact the gravel.
  • the present application provides a surgical ureteroscope capable of turning back and removing stones and its working method, which includes: step S110, hitting the stones at the target position by the stone breaking mechanism, so as to beat at least part of the stones into gravel; S120, eject fluid from the liquid outlet of the ureteroscope to the target position in a first direction; and, S130, guide the fluid to flow back to the liquid inlet of the ureteroscope in a second direction, wherein the first There is a preset angle between a direction and the second direction.
  • the surgical ureteroscope 100 that can be retracted to expel stones and its working method are explained based on the embodiment of the present application.
  • Combination of poses and postures so that the fluid emitted from the fluid outlet forms a loop in the renal pelvis and then flows back to the fluid inlet. In this way, not only the efficiency of deriving the gravel is improved, but also the fluid discharged from the fluid outlet can be prevented. Fluid flows directly into the inlet without passing through the renal pelvis.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)

Abstract

一种可回环排石的术用输尿管镜（100），包括管镜主体（10）和操作部（20）。管镜主体（10）包括：管结构主体（11）、至少一注液通道（12）和至少一出液通道（13），其中，至少一注液通道（12）具有位于前端部（110）的至少一出液口（121），至少一出液通道（13）具有位于前端部（110）的至少一入液口（131）；出液口（121）具有第一朝向，入液口（131）具有与第一朝向成预设夹角的第二朝向，通过出液口（121）和入液口（131）的特殊位姿组合使得从出液口（121）出射的流体在肾盂内形成回环后回流至入液口（131），以提高碎石的导出效率且防止从出液口（121）排出的流体没经过肾盂而直接流入入液口（131）。

Description

可回环排石的术用输尿管镜 技术领域
本申请涉及医疗器械领域，尤其涉及可回环排石的术用输尿管镜。
 背景技术
近年来，输尿管镜被广泛应用于泌尿系结石疾病的治疗中。具体地，输尿管镜能够自尿道口伸入至输尿管或者肾脏内，医疗工作者可利用输尿管镜配合图像采集设备、照明设备等设备观察肾脏内的情况并击碎目标位置的结石。
在实际应用中，在通过输尿管镜击打结石的过程中，当结石的尺寸较大时，传统的输尿管镜将结石击碎至等效直径为2 mm左右的碎石后难以对其进行粉末化，并且，难以将碎石通过有效的导出机构导出患者体外。因此，通过传统的输尿管镜将结石击碎后，60%-90%的碎石残留于肾脏内，并难以依靠自然排出的方式及时排出体外，这导致碎石的排出率较低。残留的碎石可能在输尿管中形成石街堵塞输尿管，碎石残留是导致结石复发率高的主要原因之一。
为了解决这一问题，能够导出碎石的输尿管镜设计方案被提出。在该设计方案中，输尿管镜设置有碎石排出机构，以将碎石及时排出至体外。然而，所述输尿管镜在实际应用过程中仍存在一些问题，例如，碎石导出效率较低。
因此，需要一种新型的输尿管镜设计方案，以提高碎石导出效率。
 技术问题 技术解决方案
本申请的一个优势在于提供了一种可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜具有相对较高的碎石导出效率。
本申请的另一个优势在于提供了一种可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的出液口和入液口具有特殊的位姿组合，以使得从出液口出射的流体在肾盂内形成回环后回流至所述入液口，通过这样的方式，不仅提高了碎石的导出效率，而且能够防止从出液口排出的流体没经过肾盂而直接流入所述入液口。
本申请的又一个优势在于提供了一种可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的出液口和入液口具有特殊的位姿组合，以减弱所述出液通道中的负压对从所述出液口出射的流体造成吸引干扰的程度。
通过下面的描述，本申请的其它优势和特征将会变得显而易见，并可以通过权利要求书中特别指出的手段和组合得到实现。
为实现上述至少一优势，根据本申请的一个方面，本申请提供一种可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其包括：
具有前端部和后端部的管镜主体；以及
可操作地设置于所述管镜主体的后端部的操作部；
其中，所述管镜主体，包括：
管结构主体；
在所述管结构主体内从所述后端部延伸至所述前端部的至少一注液通道，所述至少一注液通道具有位于所述前端部的至少一出液口；以及
在所述管结构主体内从所述前端部延伸至所述后端部的至少一出液通道，所述至少一出液通道具有位于所述前端部的至少一入液口；
其中，所述注液通道的出液口具有第一朝向，以用于允许流体沿着所述注液通道从所述出液口以所述第一朝向指向的第一方向注入肾盂内，所述出液通道的入液口具有与所述第一朝向成预设夹角的第二朝向，以用于允许该流体在所述肾盂内被转向后以所述第二朝向指向的第二方向从所述入液口被吸入所述出液通道以形成流体回环。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向的夹角大于等于90°且小于180°。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述入液口在所述管镜主体所设定的轴向上位于所述出液口的前方。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述出液口和所述入液口为相互隔离的两个开口。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述管结构主体具有前端面和外周面，其中，所述出液口形成于所述管结构主体的外周面，所述入液口形成于所述管结构主体的前端面。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述管镜主体的中轴线与所述出液口的中轴线之间的夹角大于0°小于等于90°。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述管结构主体的前端面从所述外周面的第一侧向与所述第一侧相对的第二侧沿着所述管径主体所设定的轴向向前倾斜地延伸。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述至少一注液通道包括第一注液通道和第二注液通道，所述第一注液通道具有位于所述前端部的第一出液口，所述第二注液通道具有位于所述前端部的第二出液口。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述管结构主体的外径等于4.3毫米，所述出液通道的直径等于2.2毫米，所述第一注液通道的等效直径大于等于1.2毫米。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述管镜主体进一步包括在所述管结构主体内从所述后端部延伸至所述前端部的光纤通道。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述光纤通道连通于所述出液通道。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜进一步包括用于击打结石的碎石机构，所述碎石机构设置于所述光纤通道。
在根据本申请的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜中，所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜进一步包括安装于所述管镜主体的图像采集设备和光源。
通过对随后的描述和附图的理解，本申请进一步的目的和优势将得以充分体现。
本申请的这些和其它目的、特点和优势，通过下述的详细说明，附图和权利要求得以充分体现。
 有益效果 附图说明
通过结合附图对本申请实施例进行更详细的描述，本申请的上述以及其他目的、特征和优势将变得更加明显。附图用来提供对本申请实施例的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请实施例一起用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的限制。在附图中，相同的参考标号通常代表相同部件或步骤。
图1图示了现有的一种输尿管镜的工作示意图之一。
图2图示了现有的一种输尿管镜的工作示意图之二。
图3图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的示意图。
图4图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的另一示意图。
图5图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体的示意图。
图6A图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体的局部示意图之一。
图6B图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体的局部示意图之二。
图6C图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体的局部示意图之三。
图6D图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体的局部示意图之四。
图7A图示了根据本申请实施例的变形实施的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体的局部示意图之一。
图7B图示了根据本申请实施例的变形实施的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体的局部示意图之二。
图7C图示了根据本申请实施例的变形实施的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体的局部示意图之三。
图7D图示了根据本申请实施例的变形实施的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体的局部示意图之四。
图8图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体的局部截面示意图。
图9A图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体处于肾盂内时的工作示意图之一。
图9B图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的管镜主体处于肾盂内时的工作示意图之二。
图10A图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜对肾脏内不同位置的结石进行处理的工作示意图之一。
图10B图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜对肾脏内不同位置的结石进行处理的工作示意图之二。
图10C图示了根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜对肾脏内不同位置的结石进行处理的工作示意图之三。
 本发明的实施方式
下面，将参考附图详细地描述根据本申请的示例实施例。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是本申请的全部实施例，应理解，本申请不受这里描述的示例实施例的限制。
申请概述
如前所述，在通过输尿管镜击打结石的过程中，当结石的尺寸较大时，传统的输尿管镜将结石击碎至等效直径为2 mm左右的碎石后难以对其进行粉末化，并且，难以将碎石通过有效的导出机构导出患者体外。碎石残留是导致结石复发率高的主要原因之一。
为了解决这一问题，能够导出碎石的输尿管镜设计方案被提出。在该设计方案中，输尿管镜设置有碎石排出机构，以将碎石及时排出至体外。然而，所述输尿管镜在实际应用过程中仍存在一些问题，例如，碎石导出效率较低。
具体地，如图1和图2所示，一种自灌排式输尿管镜的自灌排式输尿管镜用管11P设置有进水通道110P和排出通道120P，所述进水通道110P具有进水出口1101P，所排出通道120P具有排出入口1202P。所述进水通道110P用于进水，所述排出通道120P用于排出水和碎石。在碎石的过程中，自所述进水通道110P的进水出口1101P出射的水流可冲击碎石，当水流裹挟着碎石运动至所述排出通道120P的排出入口1202P附近时，由于所述排出通道120P的负压环境，水流和碎石可被吸引至所述排出通道120P，以将碎石排出体外。
然而，在该方案的实际应用中，水流自所述进水出口1101P出射后直接沿着反方向回流至与所述进水出口1101P朝向相同的所述排出入口1202P，并且，所述进水通道110P的进水出口1101P和所述排出通道120P的排出入口1202P距离较近。因此，自所述进水通道110P的进水出口1101P出射的水流容易受到所述排出通道120P内的吸引力的干扰，使得自所述进水通道110P的进水出口1101P出射的部分水流未冲击到碎石已经被吸引至所述排出通道120P的排出入口1202P。这样，自所述进水通道110P出射的部分水流未起到冲击碎石的作用，碎石仍然停留在肾脏内，导致碎石导出效率较低。
此外，所述进水出口1101P的形成部位相对于所述排出入口1202P的形成部位较为凸出。当流体自所述进水出口1101P出射并向前冲击碎石时，难以将肾盂底部的较重的碎石冲起，或者只能带动碎石作无序运动，导致碎石的导出效率较低，如图2所示。
另外，由于所述进水通道110P的进水出口1101P和所述排出通道120P的排出入口1202P均形成于所述自灌排式输尿管镜用管11P的工作端面上，并且，所述进水出口1101P和所述排出入口1202P均占用所述输尿管镜用管11P的径向空间。为了确保碎石能够通过所述排出通道120P，所述排出入口1202P的尺寸相对较大，受所述输尿管镜用管11P的径向空间的限制，所述进水出口1101P的尺寸相对较小，导致所述进水出口1101P的出水量较少，冲击力较小，水流的射程较短，通过增大进水压力的方式增大冲击力、延长射程则会增加肾盂内的压力升高的风险。小尺寸的进水出口1101P导致碎石难以被从该进水出口1101P出射的水流冲起，进而导致碎石导出效率较低。并且，射程较短的水流容易受到所述排出入口1202P处的负压的干扰。
本申请的发明人发现，流体的流向、所述进水出口1101P和所述排出入口1202P的相对位置关系会影响碎石导出效率。相应地，本申请的发明人通过调整用于引入流体的开口和用于排出流体的开口的相对位置关系、控制流体的流向来提高碎石导出效率。并基于此，提出了一种可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其包括：具有前端部和后端部的管镜主体；以及，可操作地设置于所述管镜主体的后端部的操作部；其中，所述管镜主体，包括：管结构主体；在所述管结构主体内从所述后端部延伸至所述前端部的至少一注液通道，所述至少一注液通道具有位于所述前端部的至少一出液口；以及，在所述管结构主体内从所述前端部延伸至所述后端部的至少一出液通道，所述至少一出液通道具有位于所述前端部的至少一入液口；其中，所述注液通道的出液口具有第一朝向，以用于允许流体沿着所述注液通道从所述出液口以所述第一朝向指向的第一方向注入肾盂内，所述出液通道的入液口具有与所述第一朝向成预设夹角的第二朝向，以用于允许该流体在所述肾盂内被转向后以所述第二朝向指向的第二方向从所述入液口被吸入所述出液通道以形成流体回环。
示例性可回环排石的术用输尿管镜
如图3至图9C所示，根据本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100被阐明。为了便于说明，以所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100应用于治疗肾盂p内的结石c为例对所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100进行说明。
所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100可被用于检查肾脏的情况、击碎肾盂p内的结石c，并引导碎石排出。在本申请实施例中，所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100包括具有前端部110和后端部120的管镜主体10，以及可操作地设置于所述管镜主体10的所述后端部120的操作部20，如图3和图4所示。
在实际应用中，所述管镜主体10作为所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100的插入部可自尿道伸入至输尿管或者肾脏内，在所述管镜主体10上可设置图像采集设备300和光源400以采集肾脏和位于肾脏内的结石的图像。优选地，所述管镜主体10具有光滑的外表面，或者，所述管镜主体10的外表面在进入到患者体内之后是光滑的，以使得所述管镜主体10能够顺利进入肾脏内。如图3所示，所述操作部20作为所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100与外部设备连接的桥梁能够可通信地连接于图像输出设备500（例如，与所述图像采集设备300可通信地连接的电脑）以获取肾脏和位于肾脏内的结石的图像，进而便于使用者观察肾盂p内结石c的情况。并且，可操作部件（例如，碎石机构200、引导机构600、注液设备700、吸引设备800）可通过所述操作部20进行其他功能性操作。例如，利用通过所述操作部20进入所述管镜主体10的钬激光击打肾盂p内的结石c，再如，利用通过所述操作部20连通于所述管镜主体10的吸引设备800吸引肾脏内的碎石。
具体地，所述管镜主体10包括管结构主体11、至少一注液通道12和至少一出液通道13。所述至少一注液通道12在所述管结构主体11内从所述后端部120延伸至所述前端部110，所述至少一出液通道13在所述管结构主体11内从所述前端部110延伸至所述后端部120。并且，优选地，所述注液通道12和所述出液通道13相互独立，以在通过所述注液通道12引导流体达到肾脏内并冲击碎石的过程中能够同时将裹挟着碎石的流体吸引至所述出液通道13，且避免冲击碎石和吸引碎石之间互相干扰。
所述至少一注液通道12具有位于所述前端部110的至少一出液口121和连通于所述至少一出液口121的至少一第一操作口122，所述至少一出液通道13具有位于所述前端部110的至少一入液口131和连通于所述至少一入液口131的第二操作口132。
相应地，所述操作部20包括操作主体210、设置于所述操作主体210并连通于所述注液通道12的第一操作端21和设置于所述操作主体210并连通于所述出液通道13的第二操作端22。所述操作部20通过其连通于所述第一操作口122的所述第一操作端21连通于所述注液通道12，并通过其连通于所述第二操作口132的所述第二操作端22连通于所述出液通道13。所述第一操作端21适于连接注液设备700，并允许所述注液设备700通过所述注液通道12将流体注入至肾盂p内，所述第二操作端22适于连接吸引设备800（例如，气泵），并允许所述吸引设备800通过所述出液通道13吸引所述出液通道13附近的流体和碎石。为了控制所述出液通道13内的负压，在一个具体实施例中，所述操作部20进一步包括负压调节器26，所述负压调节器26被配置为调节所述出液通道13内的气压，如图3和图4所示。
应可以理解，所述第一操作端21和所述第二操作端22的作用并不为本申请所局限。所述第一操作端21和所述第二操作端22也适于允许其他设备进行其他功能性操作。例如，所述第一操作端21适于允许引导机构600穿过所述注液通道12，并引导所述管镜主体10到达目标位置。也应可以理解，所述操作部20也可包括其他操作端，以允许其他设备进行其他功能性操作。
值得一提的是，所述注液通道12和所述出液通道13的形成方式并不为本申请所局限。所述注液通道12和所述出液通道13可由所述管结构主体11本身具有的多个通孔形成，也可由多个空心管体共同配合形成。相应地，在一些实施例中，所述管结构主体11具有贯穿所述管镜主体10的所述前端部110和所述后端部120的第一贯穿孔101和第二贯穿孔102，所述第一贯穿孔101和所述第二贯穿孔102分别形成所述注液通道12和所述出液通道13。
在其他一些实施例中，所述管结构主体11包括第一管体60、延伸于所述第一管体60内的第二管体70和延伸于所述第一管体60内的第三管体80。所述第一管体60具有形成于所述管镜主体10的前端部110的第一前开孔61和第二前开孔63，以及，形成于所述管镜主体10的所述后端部120的第一后开孔62、第二后开孔64。所述第二管体70具有延伸于所述前端部110的第一前开孔61和所述后端部120的第一后开孔62之间的第一通孔71，所述第一前开孔61、所述第一通孔71和所述第一后开孔62相互连通，并形成所述注液通道12，其中，所述第一前开孔61形成所述注液通道12的所述出液口121，所述第一后开孔62形成所述注液通道12的所述第一操作口122。所述第三管体80具有延伸于所述前端部110的第二前开孔63和所述后端部120的第二后开孔64之间的第二通孔81，所述第二前开孔63、所述第二通孔81和所述第二后开孔64相互连通，并形成所述出液通道13，其中，所述第二前开孔63形成所述出液通道13的所述入液口131，所述第二后开孔64形成所述出液通道13的所述第二操作口132。
所述第一管体60、所述第二管体70和所述第三管体80之间的结合方式并不为本申请所局限。例如，所述第一管体60、所述第二管体70和所述第三管体80可一体地结合在一起以形成一体式结构，或者，所述第二管体70和所述第三管体80可分别被固定于所述第一管体60内。
在实际应用中，所述碎石机构200（例如，钬激光）可到达所述肾脏内并击碎结石c。在所述钬激光击碎结石c的过程中，所述注液通道12可引导流体自其所述出液口121出射以冲击碎石，并且裹挟着碎石运动。所述出液通道13内的气压处于负压状态，因此，当流体裹挟着碎石运动至靠近所述入液口131的位置时，流体和碎石被吸引至所述出液通道13，而流体在冲击碎石的过程中可能被出液通道13内的吸引力干扰。
本申请的发明人发现，可通过调整所述出液口121和所述入液口131的相对位置关系、控制流体的流向来减弱流体受到的吸引干扰，进而提高结石导出效率。在本申请实施例中，所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100的出液口121和入液口131具有特殊的位姿组合，以使得从出液口121出射的流体在肾盂p内形成回环后回流至所述入液口131，通过这样的方式，不仅提高了碎石的导出效率，而且能够防止从出液口121排出的流体没经过肾盂p而直接流入所述入液口131。这里，位姿指的是，所述出液口121和所述入液口131的位姿指的是所述出液口121和所述入液口131的位置和姿态，可以用6个自由度（三个坐标轴方向的移动自由度和绕三个坐标轴转动的自由度）来表示。
具体地，在本申请实施例中，所述注液通道12的出液口121具有第一朝向，以用于允许流体沿着所述注液通道12从所述出液口121以所述第一朝向指向的第一方向注入所述肾盂p内，所述出液通道13的入液口131具有与所述第一朝向成预设夹角的第二朝向，以用于允许该流体在所述肾盂p内被转向后以所述第二朝向指向的第二方向从所述入液口131被吸入所述出液通道13以形成流体回环，如图8至图9B所示。
所述第二朝向与所述第一朝向不同，且所述第一方向与所述第一朝向相同，所述第二方向与所述第二朝向相反，使得所述第一方向和所述第二方向之间的夹角不为0°或者180°，也就是，所述第一方向和所述第二方向不同向，也不互为反方向。这样，从所述出液口121沿着所述第一方向出射的流体经过转向后沿着与所述第一方向存在夹角的第二方向回流，形成涡流式的流体回环，可避免流体从所述出液口121沿着所述第一方向出射后直接沿着所述第一方向的反方向回流至与所述出液口121朝向相同的入液口131，进而减弱吸引力对所述流体造成干扰。
值得一提的是，在本申请的其他实施方案中，所述第一方向和所述第二方向可以同向或者互为反方向，所述出液口121和入液口131相互隔离，可减弱所述出液通道13内的负压对所述流体造成干扰，对此，并不为本申请所局限。
在本申请实施例中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向的夹角大于等于90°且小于180°。在一个具体示例中，所述第二方向平行于或者无限接近于所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向，所述第一方向与所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向之间的夹角大于0°小于等于90°，相应地，所述第一方向与所述第二方向的夹角大于等于90°且小于180°。在另一个具体示例中，所述第一方向平行于或者无限接近于所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向，所述第二方向与所述轴向之间的夹角大于0°小于等于90°，相应地，所述第一方向与所述第二方向的夹角大于等于90°且小于180°。
在本申请的一个具体实施方式中，所述出液口121的中轴线和所述入液口131的中轴线之间的夹角大于0°小于等于90°，以使得所述第一方向和所述第二方向成预设夹角。
在本申请实施例中，所述出液口121和所述入液口131在所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向上不齐平，这样，可延长所述出液口121和所述入液口131之间的距离，以及流体的运动路径，不仅可以减少所述出液通道13内的负压对流体的吸引干扰，而且，由于流体流经的区域范围更广，流体能够裹挟的处于流体的运动路径上的碎石相对更多，可以提高碎石导出效率。
这里，所述出液口121和所述入液口131在所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向上不齐平指的是，所述出液口121和所述入液口131存在高度差，所述出液口121和所述入液口131分别与位于所述管镜主体10的最前方的前端点之间的距离不同。在一个具体示例中，所述出液口121与所述管镜主体10的前端点之间的距离大于所述入液口131与所述管镜主体10的前端点之间的距离，也就是，所述入液口131在轴向上位于所述出液口121的前方，所述入液口131比所述出液口121更加靠近所述管镜主体10的前端点。在另一个具体示例中，所述出液口121与所述管镜主体10的前端点之间的距离小于所述入液口131与所述管镜主体10的前端点之间的距离，也就是，所述出液口121在轴向上位于所述入液口131的前方，所述出液口121比所述入液口131更加靠近所述管镜主体10的前端点。
在本申请实施例的变形实施方式中，所述出液口121和所述入液口131在所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向上可齐平，对此，并不为本申请所局限。
在本申请实施例中，所述出液口121和所述入液口131为相互隔离的两个开口，通过这样的方式来减弱所述出液通道13内的负压对流体造成的吸引干扰。在本申请的一些实施例中，所述出液口121和所述入液口131分别位于两个不同的面上。
在本申请的一个具体示例中，如图8所示，所述管结构主体11具有前端面1101和外周面1102，所述出液口121形成于所述管结构主体11的所述外周面1102，所述入液口131形成于所述管结构主体11的所述前端面1101。这样，所述出液口121朝侧向开放，所述入液口131朝前开放，流体从形成于所述管结构主体11的外周面1102的所述出液口121以所述第一方向注入所述肾盂p内，并且被转向后需绕过所述外周面1102以所述第二方向从所述入液口131被吸入所述出液通道13，形成涡流式的流体回环，可减弱流体受到的吸引干扰。
具体地，所述管结构主体11包括前周壁111和自所述前周壁111向后延伸的后周壁112，所述前周壁111具有前外周面1111和前内周面1112，所述后周壁112具有后外周面1121和后内周面1122。所述前外周面1111和所述后外周面1121形成所述管结构主体11的所述外周面1102。
所述前周壁111还具有形成于所述前外周面1111和所述前内周面1112之间的前截面1113，所述后周壁112还具有形成于所述后外周面1121和所述后内周面1122之间的与所述前截面1113相对的后截面1123。所述前截面1113和所述后截面1123形成所述出液口121，在该具体示例中，所述第一朝向指的是：与所述前截面1113所在平面和所述后截面1123所在平面等距的平面相对于所述外周面1102延伸的方向。被注入所述注液通道12的流体沿着所述管结构主体11的所述前截面1113和所述后截面1123以所述第一方向出射，其中，所述第一方向与所述第一朝向相一致。
所述管结构主体11还包括第一前端壁113和自所述第一前端壁113侧向延伸的第二前端壁114，所述第一前端壁113具有第一内端面1132和第一外端面1131，所述第二前端面1101具有第二内端面1142和第二外端面1141。所述第一外端面1131和所述第二外端面1141形成所述管结构主体11的所述前端面1101，所述第一内端面1132和所述第二内端面1142形成所述管结构主体11的内端面。
所述第一前端壁113还具有形成于所述第一内端面1132和所述第一外端面1131之间的第一截面1133，所述第二前端壁114还具有形成于所述第二内端面1142和所述第二外端面1141之间的与所述第一截面1133相对的第二截面1143。所述第一截面1133和所述第二截面1143形成所述入液口131，在该具体示例中，所述第二朝向指的是：与所述第一截面1133所在平面和所述第二截面1143所在平面等距的平面相对于所述前端面1101延伸的方向。所述第二朝向和所述第一朝向之间的预设夹角大于0°且小于等于90°。靠近所述入液口131的流体沿着所述管结构主体11的所述第一截面1133和所述第二截面1143以所述第二方向从所述入液口131被吸入所述出液通道13，其中，所述第二方向与所述第二朝向相反，所述第一方向与所述第二方向的夹角大于等于90°且小于180°。
特别地，在该具体示例中，形成于所述管结构主体11的外周面1102的所述出液口121主要占用所述管结构主体11的轴向尺寸，形成于所述管结构主体11的前端面1101的所述入液口131主要占用所述管结构主体11的径向尺寸。这样，无需在所述管结构主体11的径向尺寸有限的条件下协调所述出液口121和所述入液口131在所述管结构主体11的径向上占用的空间比例，所述入液口131和所述出液口121的尺寸均可相对增大，所述入液口131和所述出液口121的形状、数量的设计灵活度也相对提高。通过对所述出液口121和所述入液口131的合理布设，在保证所述出液通道13的入液口131的尺寸以使得流体和碎石顺利通过的同时，可保证所述注液通道12的出液口121的出液量。
当所述出液口121的出液量较大时，一方面，从所述出液口121出射的流体的射程相对延长，对碎石的冲击力相对增大，受到的吸引干扰相对减弱，碎石的导出效率相对提高。另一方面，所述输尿管镜可在相对较低的注液压力下实现较大的出液量，降低了肾脏内压力升高的风险。
具体地，如图5至图6D所示，在该具体示例的一个实施方式中，所述管结构主体11的所述前端面1101从所述外周面1102的第一侧向与所述第一侧相对的第二侧沿着所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向向前倾斜地延伸。例如，所述管结构主体11的所述前端面1101从所述外周面1102所设定的下侧向与所述下侧相对的上侧沿着所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向向前倾斜地延伸，如图6A所示。
相应地，形成于所述前端面110的所述入液口131从所述出液通道13的第一侧向与所述第一侧相对的第二侧沿着所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向向前倾斜地延伸，其中，所述外周面1102的第一侧对应于所述出液通道13的第一侧，所述外周面1102的第二侧对应于所述出液通道13的第二侧。相应地，所述入液口131的形状近似椭圆。
具体地，所述前端面1101可被设计为形成于所述外周面1102的第一侧和第二侧之间的凸形斜面、凹形斜面、波形斜面，以及其他类型的斜面，对此，并不为本申请所局限。在本申请的一个具体示例中，所述前端面1101被设计为形成于所述外周面1102的第一侧和第二侧之间的中部下凹的波形斜面。
应可以理解，在其他实施方式中，所述管结构主体11的所述前端面1101也可被设计为所述管结构主体11的所述前端面1101从所述外周面1102的第一侧向与所述第一侧相对的第二侧沿着所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向齐平地延伸（即，所述前端面1101的靠近所述出液通道13的第一侧的一端在轴向上齐平于其靠近出液通道13的第二侧的一端），对此，并不为本申请所局限。
值得一提的是，当所述前端面1101设计为从所述外周面1102的第一侧向第二侧沿着所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向向前倾斜地延伸时，一方面，相比于所述前端面1101被设计为从所述出液通道13的第一侧向第二侧齐平地延伸（即，所述前端面1101的靠近所述出液通道13的一端在轴向上齐平于其靠近出液通道13的第二侧的一端），流体绕行的路程延长，不仅受到的吸引干扰相对减弱，而且由于流体流经的区域范围更广，能够裹挟的肾脏内的处于流体的运动路径上的碎石更多，可提高碎石导出效率。另一方面，所述前端面1101被设计为从所述外周面1102的第一侧向第二侧沿着所述管镜主体10所设定的轴向向前倾斜地延伸时，可为所述入液口131提供相对较大的分布空间，相应地，所述入液口131的尺寸相对增大，可允许较多的碎石和流量较大的流体从所述入液口131进入所述出液通道13，避免碎石堵塞所述入液口131，提高碎石导出效率。
值得一提的是，优选地，所述注液通道12的直径尺寸等于或者略大于所述出液通道13的直径尺寸，以实现流量平衡。这里，所述注液通道12的直径尺寸等于或者略大于所述出液通道13的直径尺寸指的是：所有所述注液通道12的等效直径之和等于或者略大于所有所述出液通道13的等效直径之和。
在本申请的一个具体实施方式中，所述入液口131的数量为1，所述出液口121的数量为2。相应地，所述至少一注液通道12包括第一注液通道和第二注液通道，所述第一注液通道具有位于所述前端部110的第一出液口，所述第二注液通道具有位于所述前端部110的第二出液口，所述第一出液口和所述第二出液口被相对地设置。
在该实施方式中，所述第一注液通道的第一内径和所述第二注液通道的第二内径的均值大于等于所述出液通道13的直径的二分之一，所述出液口121的尺寸与所述第一注液通道的尺寸相匹配，所述入液口131的尺寸与所述出液通道13的尺寸相匹配。更具体地，所述管结构主体11的外径等于4.3毫米，所述出液通道13的直径等于2.2毫米，所述第一注液通道或者所述第二注液通道的等效直径大于等于1.2毫米。
在本申请的另一个具体实施方式中，所述入液口131的数量为1，所述出液口121的数量为2。所述注液通道12环绕地形成于所述出液通道13的周围，也就是，所述注液通道12为环绕地形成于所述出液通道13周围的环形通道，或者说，所述注液通道12的横截面为环形，所述注液通道12具有形成于所述前端部120的两个出液口121，所述两个出液口121形成于所述外周面1102。在该具体实施方式中，所述管结构主体11的外径等于4.3毫米，所述出液通道13的直径等于2.2毫米，所述注液通道的等效直径大于等于1.2毫米。
应可以理解，所述入液口131和所述出液口121的尺寸、形状和数量并不为本申请所局限，可根据实际应用情况调整所述入液口131和所述出液口121的尺寸、形状和数量以实现可控有序的流体回环。
值得一提的是，隔离所述入液口131和所述出液口121的方式并不为本申请所局限。当所述出液口121形成于所述管结构主体11的所述前端面1101，所述入液口131形成于所述管结构主体11的所述外周面1102时，所述入液口131和所述出液口121也可相互隔离。应可以理解，也可在所述前端面1101和所述外周面1102之间设置隔离壁以隔离所述入液口131和所述出液口121。
相应地，在本申请的另一个具体示例中，可设计为所述出液口121形成于所述管结构主体11的所述前端面1101，所述入液口131形成于所述管结构主体11的所述外周面1102。所述管结构主体11的第一前端壁113的第一截面1133和所述第二前端壁114的第二截面1143形成所述出液口121，所述管结构主体11的前周壁111的前截面1113和所述后周壁112的后截面1123形成所述入液口131。
相应地，所述第一朝向指的是：与所述第一截面1133所在平面和所述第二截面1143所在平面等距的平面相对于所述前端面1101延伸的方向，其中，所述第一方向和所述第一朝向一致。所述第二朝向指的是：与所述前截面1113所在平面和所述后截面1123所在平面等距的平面相对于所述外周面1102延伸的方向。所述第二朝向和所述第一朝向之间的预设夹角大于0°且小于等于90°，所述第二方向与所述第二朝向相反，所述第一方向与所述第二方向的夹角大于等于90°且小于180°。
优选地，将所述出液口121设置于所述管结构主体11的所述外周面1102，所述入液口131设置于所述管结构主体11的所述前端面1101。
值得一提的是，所述入液口131和所述出液口121的位置并不为本申请所局限，在其他具体示例中，所述入液口131和所述出液口121可被设置于其他位置。如图7A至图7D所示，在本申请的一个具体示例中，所述入液口131和所述出液口121均被设置于所述管结构主体11的所述前端面1101。具体地，在该具体示例中，所述注液通道12环绕地形成于所述出液通道13的周围，也就是，所述注液通道12为环绕地形成于所述出液通道13周围的环形通道，或者说，所述注液通道12的横截面为环形，所述注液通道12具有形成于所述前端部120的两个灌注口121，所述两个灌注口121分居于所述吸引口131的两侧。
在本申请实施例中，所述管镜主体10进一步包括在所述管结构主体11内从所述后端部120延伸至所述前端部110的光纤通道14，所述光纤通道14具有位于所述前端部110的光纤通道开口141和位于所述管镜主体10的所述后端部120的第三操作口142。
相应地，在一些实施例中，所述管结构主体11还具有贯穿所述管镜主体10的所述前端部110和所述后端部120的第三贯穿孔103，所述第三贯穿孔103形成所述光纤通道14。在其他一些实施例中，所述管结构主体11进一步包括第四管体90，所述第四管体90与其他管体（例如，所述第一管体60、所述第二管体70、所述第三管体80）相配合形成所述光纤通道14。
值得一提的是，所述光纤通道14可独立于所述注液通道12和所述出液通道13，也可与所述注液通道12和/或所述出液通道13相互连通。在本申请的一个具体示例中，所述光纤通道14独立于所述注液通道12和所述出液通道13。具体地，所述管结构主体11进一步包括延伸于所述第一管体60内的第四管体90，所述第一管体60具有形成于所述管镜主体10的前端部110的第三前开孔65，以及，形成于所述管镜主体10的所述后端部120的第三后开孔66。所述第四管体90具有延伸于所述前端部110的第三前开孔65和所述后端部120的第三后开孔66之间的第三通孔91，所述第三前开孔65、所述第三通孔91和所述第三后开孔66形成所述光纤通道14，其中，所述第三前开孔65形成所述光纤通道开口141，所述第三后开孔66形成所述第三操作口142。
在本申请的又一个具体示例中，如图8所示，所述光纤通道14连通于所述出液通道13。在该具体示例中，所述光纤通道14与所述出液通道13共用至少一部分管体和至少一个开口。
具体地，所述管结构主体11进一步包括延伸于所述第一管体60内的第四管体90。所述第一管体60具有形成于所述管镜主体10的所述后端部120的第一后开孔62和第二后开孔64；所述第三管体80具有延伸于所述前端部110的第二前开孔63和所述后端部120的第二后开孔64之间的第二通孔81，所述第二前开孔63、所述第二通孔81和所述第二后开孔64相互连通，并形成所述出液通道13，其中，所述第二前开孔63形成所述出液通道13的所述入液口131，所述第二后开孔64形成所述出液通道13的所述第二操作口132。所述第三管体80还具有一连接接口82，所述第一管体60还具有形成于所述管镜主体10的后端部120的第三后开孔66。所述第四管体90具有延伸于所述第三管体80的连接接口82和所述后端部120的第三后开孔66之间的第三通孔91。所述第四管体90与所述第三管体80和所述第一管体60的第二前开孔63相互连通，所述第二前开孔63、所述第三管体80的至少一部分、所述第三通孔91，以及，所述第三后开孔66形成所述光纤通道14，其中，所述第三后开孔66形成所述光纤通道14的所述第三操作口142，所述第二前开孔63形成所述光纤通道14和所述出液通道13的共用开口，所述第二前开孔63既可被作为所述出液通道13的所述入液口131，又可被作为所述光纤通道14的光纤通道开口141。
值得一提的是，所述光纤通道14可形成于其他通道内，例如，在本申请的其他示例中，所述光纤通道14形成于所述出液通道13内。具体地，所述管镜主体10进一步包括在所述管结构主体11内从所述后端部120延伸至所述前端部110的光纤通道14，并且所述第四管体90延伸于所述管结构主体11内的所述第三管体80内。所述第四管体90具有一前开口、一后开口和延伸于所述前开口和所述后开口之间的第三通孔91，其中，所述前开口形成于所述光纤通道开口141，所述后开口形成所述第三操作口142。
所述光纤通道14适于允许可操作部件通过，例如，在本申请的一个具体示例中，所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100进一步包括用于击打结石的碎石机构200，所述光纤通道14允许碎石机构200（例如，钬激光）通过。所述碎石机构200可被固定于所述光纤通道14内，也可被可活动地安装于所述光纤通道14内，对此，并不为本申请所局限。
在本申请的一个具体示例中，所述碎石机构200被可伸缩地安装于所述光纤通道14内，所述碎石机构200可在所述光纤通道14内从所述光纤通道开口141伸出或者缩回。在该具体示例中，所述光纤通道14连通于所述出液通道13，并且，所述出液通道13的所述的入液口131为所述出液通道13和所述光纤通道14的共用开口，也就是，所述入液口131可被用作所述光纤通道开口141，所述碎石机构200可从所述入液口131伸出或者缩回。
在本申请的另一个具体示例中，所述碎石机构200可相对于所述入液口131的中心轴移动，可以靠近所述入液口131的中心轴的方向在所述光纤通道14内活动，或者以远离所述入液口131的中心轴的方向在所述光纤通道14内活动。
所述碎石机构200可被实施为钬激光或者其他类型的能够击打结石c的工具。所述钬激光可出射激光，钬激光产生的能量可使得结石c和所述钬激光之间的水形成微小空泡，并将能量传递至结石c，以击打结石c。在所述钬激光击打结石c的过程中，水吸收了大量能量，可减少钬激光对结石c周围的组织的损伤。
相应地，所述操作部20进一步包括连通于所述光纤通道14的第三操作端23，所述操作部20通过连通于所述第三操作口142的所述第三操作端23连通于所述光纤通道14，以允许所述碎石机构200通过所述操作部20进入所述光纤通道14，进而进入肾脏内对结石c进行击打。
在本申请实施例中，所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100进一步包括安装于所述管镜主体10的图像采集设备300和光源400，以拍摄肾脏和位于肾脏内的结石的图像。所述图像采集设备300和光源400的位置并不为本申请所局限，优选地，所述出液通道13的所述入液口131位于所述图像采集设备300的可视区域内，以采集所述入液口131附近的情况，以便于使用者观察碎石的导出情况。所述光源400可设置于靠近所述图像采集设备300的位置，以为所述图像采集设备300提供足够的光量。
相应地，所述操作部20进一步包括可通信地连接于所述图像采集设备300的第四操作端24。并且，所述图像输出设备500（例如，与所述图像采集设备300可通信地连接的电脑）可通过所述操作部20可通信地连接于所述图像采集设备300以获取肾脏和位于肾脏内的结石的图像，以便于使用者观察所述肾盂p内的结石c的情况。
值得一提的是，为了在保证所述管镜主体10能够弯曲以到达不同目标位置的同时保证所述管镜主体10的挺度，所述管镜主体10包括邻近于所述前端部110的柔性部1010和结合于所述柔性部1010的刚性部1020。所述刚性部1020可自所述柔性部1010向后延伸，或者，所述刚性部1020包覆所述柔性部1010的至少一部分，以保证所述管镜主体10的局部挺度。
相应地，所述操作部20进一步包括可操作地连接于所述柔性部1010的第五操作端25和安装于所述第五操作端25的操作机构27，其中，所述操作机构27通过所述第五操作端25可操作地连接于所述柔性部1010，以控制所述柔性部1010的弯曲度，使得所述管镜主体10可到达不同目标位置，并且，其柔性部1010的弯曲度可根据实际情况调整。在一个具体示例中，所述操作机构27包括连接于所述柔性部1010的控制线271和连接于所述控制线271的调节器272，所述调节器272被配置为驱动所述控制线271牵引所述柔性部1010以使得所述柔性部1010发生弯曲。所述操作机构27的结构和控制所述柔性部1010弯曲的方式并不为本申请所局限，也就是，所述操作机构27可被设计为其他结构并通过其他方式控制所述柔性部1010弯曲。
在一个具体示例中，所述管镜主体10的所述前端部110的至少一部分为所述柔性部1010，使得所述注液通道12和所述出液通道13可弯曲，所述入液口131、所述出液口121、所述光纤通道开口141能够朝向目标位置的结石c。所述柔性部1010包括主动弯曲部分1011和被动弯曲部分1012，所述主动弯曲部分1011可在所述操作部20的操控作用下弯曲，并且维持弯曲状态，所述被动弯曲部分1012随着所述主动弯曲部分1011的弯曲而弯曲。
图10A至图10C图示了本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100对不同目标位置的结石c进行处理的示意图，下面以所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100应用于治疗肾盂p内的结石c为例对所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100的工作过程进行说明。
首先，插入所述管镜主体10至肾脏的初始预定位置。具体地，所述管镜主体10可沿着患者的输尿管进入肾脏，并到达初始预定位置。在这一过程中，可藉由设置于所述管镜主体10的图像采集设备300和与所述图像采集设备300可通信地连接的图像输出设备500采集并显示所述管镜主体10途经之处的周围环境的图像，并且配合引导机构600引导所述管镜主体10到达所述初始预定位置。具体地，所述引导机构600可通过所述操作部20进入所述注液通道12，并引导所述管镜主体10到达所述初始预定位置，所述管镜主体10到达所述初始预定位置后，可取出所述引导机构600。
在插入所述管镜主体10之前或者插入所述管镜主体10之后，可将所述碎石机构200置于肾脏的所述初始预定位置。具体地，所述碎石机构200可设置于所述光纤通道14，并从所述光纤通道开口141（或者，所述入液口131）伸出或者缩回。
接着，通过所述操作部20的所述操作机构27控制所述柔性部1010弯曲，使得所述入液口131和所述出液口121能够朝向肾盂p内目标位置的结石c。
在通过所述操作部20的所述操作机构27控制所述柔性部1010弯曲的过程中，可根据目标位置控制所述柔性部1010以预期的弯曲度弯曲。如图10A至10C所示，当所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100被用于对位于肾上盂的结石c进行击打时，所述柔性部1010被控制以第一弯曲度弯曲，当所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100被用于对位于肾中盂的结石c进行击打时，所述柔性部1010被控制以第二弯曲度弯曲，当所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100被用于对位于肾下盂的结石c进行击打时，所述柔性部1010被控制以第三弯曲度弯曲，所述第三弯曲度大于所述第二弯曲度和所述第一弯曲度。
可通过所述碎石机构200对结石c进行击打，以将至少部分结石c击打为碎石。所述碎石机构200可被实施为所述钬激光。
在通过所述碎石机构200对结石c进行击打的过程中，或者，在通过所述碎石机构200对结石c进行击打后，可从所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100的出液口121以第一方向出射流体至目标位置以冲击所述碎石。具体地，可通过连接所述操作部20的所述注液设备700向所述注液通道12注入流体，并使得所述流体被注入至目标位置以冲击碎石。
在冲击碎石的过程中，可通过负压吸引的方式吸引流体和碎石，裹挟着碎石的流体在负压吸引、肾盂p反冲等作用下被转向，并以第二方向回流至所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100的入液口131。也就是，在冲击碎石的过程中，导引该流体以第二方向回流至所述输尿管镜100的入液口131，其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向之间具有预设夹角。具体地，可通过连接所述操作部20的所述吸引设备800吸引碎石和流体，使得所述流体和碎石通过所述出液通道13排出以维持肾脏内的压力。
在申请实施例中，所述出液口121的朝向为第一朝向，所述入液口131的朝向为第二朝向，流体可沿着所述注液通道12从所述出液口121以所述第一朝向指向的第一方向注入肾盂p内的目标位置，并被转向后以所述第二朝向指向的第二方向从所述入液口131被吸入所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100的所述出液通道13以形成流体回环。
值得一提的是，在通过所述碎石机构200对结石c进行击打的过程中，可转动所述管镜主体10，使得所述碎石机构200可对结石进行多方位击打，从所述出液口121出射的流体可对碎石进行全面冲击。
相应地，本申请提供了一种可回环排石的术用输尿管镜及其工作方法，其包括：步骤S110，通过碎石机构对目标位置的结石进行击打，以将至少部分结石击打为碎石；S120，从输尿管镜的出液口以第一方向出射流体至目标位置；以及，S130，导引该流体以第二方向回流至所述输尿管镜的入液口，其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向之间具有预设夹角。
综上，基于本申请实施例的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜100及其工作方法被阐明，其中，所述可回环排石的术用输尿管镜的出液口和入液口具有特殊的位姿组合，以使得从出液口出射的流体在肾盂内形成回环后回流至所述入液口，通过这样的方式，不仅提高了碎石的导出效率，而且能够防止从出液口排出的流体没经过肾盂而直接流入所述入液口。
本领域的技术人员应理解，上述描述及附图中所示的本发明的实施例只作为举例而并不限制本发明。本发明的目的已经完整并有效地实现。本发明的功能及结构原理已在实施例中展示和说明，在没有背离所述原理下，本发明的实施方式可以有任何变形或修改。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其特征在于，包括：
    具有前端部和后端部的管镜主体；以及
    可操作地设置于所述管镜主体的后端部的操作部；
    其中，所述管镜主体，包括：
    管结构主体；
    在所述管结构主体内从所述后端部延伸至所述前端部的至少一注液通道，所述至少一注液通道具有位于所述前端部的至少一出液口；以及
    在所述管结构主体内从所述前端部延伸至所述后端部的至少一出液通道，所述至少一出液通道具有位于所述前端部的至少一入液口；
    其中，所述注液通道的出液口具有第一朝向，以用于允许流体沿着所述注液通道从所述出液口以所述第一朝向指向的第一方向注入肾盂内，所述出液通道的入液口具有与所述第一朝向成预设夹角的第二朝向，以用于允许该流体在所述肾盂内被转向后以所述第二朝向指向的第二方向从所述入液口被吸入所述出液通道以形成流体回环。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向的夹角大于等于90°且小于180°。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述入液口在所述管镜主体所设定的轴向上位于所述出液口的前方。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述出液口和所述入液口为相互隔离的两个开口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述管结构主体具有前端面和外周面，其中，所述出液口形成于所述管结构主体的外周面，所述入液口形成于所述管结构主体的前端面。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述管镜主体的中轴线与所述出液口的中轴线之间的夹角大于0°小于等于90°。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述管结构主体的前端面从所述外周面的第一侧向与所述第一侧相对的第二侧沿着所述管镜主体设定的轴向向前倾斜地延伸。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述至少一注液通道包括第一注液通道和第二注液通道，所述第一注液通道具有位于所述前端部的第一出液口，所述第二注液通道具有位于所述前端部的第二出液口。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述管结构主体的外径等于4.3毫米，所述出液通道的直径等于2.2毫米，所述第一注液通道的等效直径大于等于1.2毫米。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述管镜主体进一步包括在所述管结构主体内从所述后端部延伸至所述前端部的光纤通道。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，其中，所述光纤通道连通于所述出液通道。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，进一步包括用于击打结石的碎石机构，所述碎石机构设置于所述光纤通道。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的可回环排石的术用输尿管镜，进一步包括安装于所述管镜主体的图像采集设备和光源。
PCT/CN2022/117839 2021-09-22 2022-09-08 可回环排石的术用输尿管镜 WO2023045769A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111103946.7 2021-09-22
CN202111103946.7A CN115886705A (zh) 2021-09-22 2021-09-22 可回环排石的术用输尿管镜

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023045769A1 true WO2023045769A1 (zh) 2023-03-30

Family

ID=85719726

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/117839 WO2023045769A1 (zh) 2021-09-22 2022-09-08 可回环排石的术用输尿管镜

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115886705A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023045769A1 (zh)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140275762A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 The Charlotte-Mecklenburg Hospital Authority D/B/A Carolinas Healthcare System Ureteroscope and Associated Method For The Minimally Invasive Treatment of Urinary Stones
CN208259737U (zh) * 2017-09-07 2018-12-21 刘浩 一种泌尿结石微创碎石手术机械
WO2019008039A1 (de) * 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Olympus Winter & Ibe Gmbh Medizinisches endoskop und bergungsinstrument zur bergung von konkrementen
CN211093974U (zh) * 2019-10-17 2020-07-28 深圳大学 一种输尿管镜
US20210121188A1 (en) * 2018-02-02 2021-04-29 Calyxo, Inc. Devices and methods for minimally invasive kidney stone removal by combined aspiration and irrigation
CN113316428A (zh) * 2019-01-18 2021-08-27 Ipg光子公司 高效的多功能的内窥镜器械

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140275762A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 The Charlotte-Mecklenburg Hospital Authority D/B/A Carolinas Healthcare System Ureteroscope and Associated Method For The Minimally Invasive Treatment of Urinary Stones
WO2019008039A1 (de) * 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Olympus Winter & Ibe Gmbh Medizinisches endoskop und bergungsinstrument zur bergung von konkrementen
CN208259737U (zh) * 2017-09-07 2018-12-21 刘浩 一种泌尿结石微创碎石手术机械
US20210121188A1 (en) * 2018-02-02 2021-04-29 Calyxo, Inc. Devices and methods for minimally invasive kidney stone removal by combined aspiration and irrigation
CN113316428A (zh) * 2019-01-18 2021-08-27 Ipg光子公司 高效的多功能的内窥镜器械
CN211093974U (zh) * 2019-10-17 2020-07-28 深圳大学 一种输尿管镜

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115886705A (zh) 2023-04-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN213488692U (zh) 分区工作式输尿管镜用管和分区工作式输尿管镜
CN109998672A (zh) 一种鞘管帽及具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘
WO2024061277A1 (zh) 集中排布式电子输尿管硬镜
WO2023045769A1 (zh) 可回环排石的术用输尿管镜
WO2023045770A1 (zh) 吸中打式术用输尿管镜
CN115670353A (zh) 免鞘肾结石治疗设备
CN115886996A (zh) 远近双击式输尿管镜和利用输尿管镜去除结石的方法
CN115836836A (zh) 用于输尿管镜的导引装置和输尿管镜
CN115919244A (zh) 反冲防堵式输尿管镜和用于输尿管镜的防堵塞方法
CN215192005U (zh) 一种清石导管接头
CN115919454A (zh) 多激光冲能式输尿管镜及其工作方法
CN115836835A (zh) 用于输尿管镜的碎石装置和输尿管镜
CN115919246A (zh) 灌排平衡式输尿管镜
CN115568808A (zh) 分散分布型经皮肾镜
CN116019414A (zh) 可分离式输尿管镜
CN211023086U (zh) 一种鞘管帽及具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘
US20060253059A1 (en) Soft-flow aortic cannula tip
CN115886706A (zh) 振动装置和振动防堵式输尿管镜
CN112842459A (zh) 一种清石导管结构
CN115919245A (zh) 通道异构式输尿管镜及其组装方法
CN114098592A (zh) 分区工作式输尿管镜用管和分区工作式输尿管镜
CN206080485U (zh) 一种防死角输尿管软镜
CN115836834A (zh) 可视型输尿管镜
CN118105132A (zh) 输尿管软镜及其插入结构
CN115886702A (zh) 输尿管镜用先端和自排式输尿管镜

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22871817

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE