WO2023045246A1 - 一种基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统 - Google Patents

一种基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统 Download PDF

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WO2023045246A1
WO2023045246A1 PCT/CN2022/077955 CN2022077955W WO2023045246A1 WO 2023045246 A1 WO2023045246 A1 WO 2023045246A1 CN 2022077955 W CN2022077955 W CN 2022077955W WO 2023045246 A1 WO2023045246 A1 WO 2023045246A1
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negative pressure
pipe
water
pressure chamber
dark
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PCT/CN2022/077955
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张川
周俊安
闫浩芳
张文程
倪雨欣
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江苏大学
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Application filed by 江苏大学 filed Critical 江苏大学
Priority to DE112022000016.3T priority Critical patent/DE112022000016T5/de
Priority to US17/911,139 priority patent/US20230256487A1/en
Priority to GB2213453.0A priority patent/GB2607547B/en
Publication of WO2023045246A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045246A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a negative pressure-based accelerated soil washing salt drainage system.
  • Land salinization is one of the common soil degradation problems in my country. Nearly 1/5 of the arable land in my country has been salinized, resulting in a serious waste of land resources in our country.
  • the "14th Five-Year Plan” proposes to focus on grain production functional areas and important agricultural product production protection areas, and build 100 million mu of high-standard farmland in 2021.
  • High-standard farmland refers to flat land, fertile soil, concentrated contiguous land, complete facilities, supporting agricultural power, good ecology, strong disaster resistance, drought-capable irrigation, flood-capable drainage, and sustained high-yield compatible with modern agricultural production and management methods. Stable farmland. This urgently requires that land salinization be dealt with to meet the demand for high-standard land.
  • the commonly used soil salt washing method is high water pressure salt, through rainfall or pouring a large amount of water into the farmland, so that the salt in the soil dissolves in water and flows into the drainage ditch or hidden drainage pipe, so as to reduce the salt in the soil. Effect.
  • the movement speed of the soil water decreases, resulting in a decrease in the drainage efficiency of the soil, which eventually increases the time cost of soil drainage.
  • the present invention proposes a drainage system based on negative pressure to accelerate soil salt washing, by setting up hidden pipes and improving the structure of the hidden pipes and setting negative pressure between the suction pump and the hidden pipes
  • a negative pressure zone is formed around the drainage pipe, and the pressure difference accelerates the water in the soil to flow into the negative pressure chamber through the dark pipe, and the water in the negative pressure chamber is analyzed for salinity before treatment.
  • the present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical purpose through the following technical means.
  • a system for accelerating soil washing and salt drainage based on negative pressure comprising a hidden pipe; the dark pipe communicates with a negative pressure chamber; Negative pressure.
  • the hidden pipe is a hollow pipe
  • the outer wall of the dark pipe is provided with a number of water inlet holes
  • the inner wall of the dark pipe is equipped with a water-permeable structure with openings at both ends of the water-permeable structure
  • the water-permeable structure includes an arc structure and a water-permeable plate, Among them, the arc-shaped structure is attached to the inner wall of the hidden pipe, and a number of water suction ports are opened on the water-permeable plate; the liquid flows into the dark pipe through the water inlet hole, enters the opening of the water-permeable structure through the water suction port, and then flows into the negative pressure chamber.
  • the hidden pipe is a hollow cylindrical pipe, and a water-permeable plate is arranged inside the dark pipe, and the water-permeable plate divides the dark pipe into two parts, an upper layer dark pipe and a lower layer dark pipe, wherein a number of water inlet holes are opened on the outer wall of the upper layer dark pipe, A number of water suction ports are provided on the permeable plate; liquid enters through the water inlet holes and then flows out through the water suction ports into the negative pressure chamber.
  • the structure of the water suction port is a rounded truncated structure.
  • the height of the permeable structure or the height of the lower hidden pipe is 0-1/4 of the height of the dark pipe.
  • the two ends of the dark pipe are not sealed outside the two ends of the permeable structure or the two ends of the lower dark pipe.
  • the air pump is mobile and can be used in different areas.
  • the negative pressure chamber is placed under the soil layer, and the negative pressure chamber is provided with a liquid level sensor and a pressure gauge; the liquid level sensor is used to monitor and feed back the liquid height of the negative pressure chamber, and the pressure gauge is used to display the negative pressure The pressure in the room.
  • the negative pressure chamber is provided with a water collecting port, and the water collecting port communicates with the dark pipe through a flange.
  • the negative pressure chamber is provided with a suction port, and the liquid in the negative pressure chamber is discharged through a submersible pump.
  • the air extraction pump is provided with an air extraction pipe, and the air extraction pipe communicates with the air extraction port opened on the negative pressure chamber; the air extraction pipe is provided with a one-way valve.
  • This device does not directly act on the soil with the air pump, but acts on the negative pressure chamber, which overcomes the problem that the soil contains gas-liquid two-phase, and it is difficult to pump negative pressure.
  • This device adds a negative pressure chamber. The negative pressure is pumped in the pressure chamber, and the water in the soil is accelerated to be discharged through the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the drainage pipe, improving the drainage efficiency.
  • This device has carried out structural design on the existing hidden pipe, changing from traditional single-layer dark pipe to upper and lower layers.
  • the left and right ends of the upper layer are sealed, and one end of the lower layer is connected to the negative pressure chamber.
  • the advantage of the above structure is that the lower layer is easy to form a negative pressure zone and improves the efficiency of negative pressure pumping.
  • the upper and lower layers of the concealed pipe are separated by a permeable plate.
  • the hole of the round table is opened on the permeable plate, that is, the upper part is large and the lower part is small. Get a better seal.
  • the negative pressure chamber is equipped with an air pressure sensor, and the air pressure sensor sets two thresholds, namely threshold 1 and threshold 2.
  • the setting of threshold 2 depends on the performance characteristic curve of the pump, and the setting is slightly higher than the optimal working point of the pump. Note that the optimal working point must meet the negative pressure requirement.
  • Threshold 1 is set slightly lower than the optimal working point of the pump.
  • the air pump Because the air pump is closed, the air pressure in the negative pressure chamber will gradually increase, and the ability to pump negative pressure to the water in the soil will be weakened.
  • the air pressure in the negative pressure chamber reaches the threshold value 1, the air pump is turned on to extract the negative pressure. The negative pressure is pumped back and forth in this way, so as to achieve the effect of accelerating soil washing and salt drainage.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of field system layout
  • Figure 2 The three-dimensional diagram of the structure of the dark tube
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the dark pipe
  • FIG. 5 enlarged schematic diagram of water suction port
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a mobile air pump
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the suction pipe to the negative pressure chamber
  • Fig. 8 front view of the negative pressure chamber
  • Fig. 9 top view of the negative pressure chamber
  • FIG. 11 Schematic diagram of concealed pipe drainage when no negative pressure is drawn
  • Fig. 12 Schematic diagram of concealed pipe drainage when negative pressure is drawn.
  • the arable land 1 receives rainfall or flood irrigation, the salt in the soil dissolves into the infiltrated water, and the brine flows into the negative pressure chamber 5 through the dark pipe 2 through the effect of gravity. Connect the mobile air pump 3 through the air suction port 58 to draw negative pressure, so as to accelerate the draining of the dark pipe.
  • the structure of the water suction port 25 is a round table, the upper hole is large, the lower hole is small, and the height of the lower dark pipe 23 is about 1/4 of the height of the dark pipe.
  • the advantage of this design is that it is easy to form in the dark pipe. Negative pressure zone. Compared with the design of directly using an air pump to vacuum the soil: directly pumping negative pressure in the soil, the soil contains gas-liquid two-phase, and it is difficult to form a vacuum zone. The advantage of this device is that the water in the soil can be as much as possible. Inhale in a negative pressure chamber. Because the negative pressure is directly pumped in the soil, the soil contains gas-liquid two-phase, and it is difficult to form a vacuum zone. In this device, the negative pressure chamber is formed into a negative pressure through the air pump first, and the dark pipe connected to the negative pressure chamber is connected with the negative pressure chamber to form a negative pressure area, so that the salt water in the soil is accelerated to be discharged.
  • suction pump 3 is connected in the negative pressure chamber 5 by suction pipe 31, and the gas sucked is discharged by exhaust pipe 33.
  • the suction pump 3 is movable, and can carry out negative pressure in every field with a negative pressure chamber, saving cost.
  • the exhaust pipe 31 is welded on the countersunk seat 40 through the exhaust pipe matching hole 42, and the boss through hole 41 is connected with the boss 53, so as to ensure that the exhaust pipe 31 can be firmly connected with the negative pressure chamber 5.
  • the negative pressure chamber 5 is buried underground, and the top of the negative pressure chamber is flush with the ground.
  • the dark pipe can be connected, installed and replaced by a flange; brine flows into the negative pressure chamber through the water collecting port 54 .
  • a liquid level sensor 56 is installed in the negative pressure chamber 5 to control the submersible pump 55, and when the set liquid level is reached, it can drain water through the water outlet 51.
  • the effect of pressure gauge 52 is to detect the negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 5, and when not pumping negative pressure, the pressure in the negative pressure chamber 5 is equal to 0.1Mpa with atmospheric pressure. When the suction pump 32 is on, the pressure gauge 52 sets two thresholds, Threshold 1 and Threshold 2, respectively.
  • threshold 2 depends on the performance characteristic curve of the pump, and the setting is slightly higher than the optimal working point of the pump. Note that the optimal working point must meet the negative pressure requirement.
  • Threshold 1 is set slightly lower than the optimal working point of the pump, and when the pressure in negative pressure chamber 5 reaches threshold 2, the suction pump 32 is turned off. At this time, there is a pressure difference, and the water in the soil will still flow into the negative pressure chamber 5 at an accelerated rate through the dark tube. When the suction pump is closed, the negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 5 will gradually weaken, and the soil drainage rate will begin to decrease. When the air pressure in the negative pressure chamber 5 reaches the threshold value 1, the air pump 32 is turned on to draw negative pressure.
  • the present invention is provided with an air pressure sensor and a one-way valve so that the air suction pump can always work at the optimum point, thereby improving the efficiency of washing salt from the soil.
  • Soil water potential: ⁇ t ⁇ m + ⁇ s + ⁇ g + ⁇ p , for a certain soil texture and buried pipe depth (refer to zero plane), matrix potential ⁇ m , solute potential ⁇ s , gravity potential ⁇ g remain unchanged , the pressure potential ⁇ p of soil water can be changed by the negative pressure generated in the dark tube.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水系统，包括暗管(2)，暗管(2)与负压室(5)连通，负压室(5)通过抽气口(58)与抽气泵(3)连通，通过抽气泵(3)可对负压室(5)进行抽压。通过设置暗管并对暗管的结构进行改进及在抽气泵和暗管之间设置负压室，通过对负压室进行抽负压，直接作用于负压室中的大气，通过大气压将土壤中的水排出，提升了排水效率，实现了加速土壤排水。

Description

[根据细则26改正13.04.2022]　一种基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统 技术领域
本发明涉及土壤改良技术领域，尤其涉及到一种基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水系统。
背景技术
土地盐碱化是我国常见的土壤退化问题之一，在我国有近1/5的耕地发生盐碱化，造成我国的土地资源严重浪费。目前，“十四五”规划提出以粮食生产功能区和重要农产品生产保护区为重点，2021年新建高标准农田1亿亩。高标准农田是指土地平整、土壤肥沃、集中连片、设施完善、农电配套、生态良好、抗灾能力强，与现代农业生产和经营方式相适应的旱能灌、涝能排、的持续高产稳产的农田。这就迫切要求对土地盐碱化问题进行处理，以满足高标准土地的需求。
目前常用的土壤洗盐方法是大水压盐，通过降雨或向农田中灌入大量的水，，使得土壤中的盐分溶于水后流入排水沟或排水暗管，从而达到降低土壤中盐分的效果。但由于土壤的物理特性，土壤水达到饱和后，土壤水的移动速度降低，导致土壤的排水效率降低，最终造成土壤排水时间成本的增大。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在问题，本发明提出了一种基于负压的加速土壤洗盐的排水系统，通过设置暗管并对暗管的结构进行改进及在抽气泵和暗管之间设置负压室，通过对负压室进行抽负压，使排水暗管周围形成负压区，压力差使土壤中的水加速通过暗管流入负压室，负压室中的水通过盐分分析再进行处理。本发明是通过以下技术手段实现上述技术目的的。
一种基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统，包括暗管；所述暗管与负压室连通；所述负压室通过抽气口与抽气泵连通，通过抽气泵对负压室进行抽负压。
进一步的，所述暗管为中空管，暗管外壁上开设有若干进水孔，暗管内侧壁套装有透水结构且透水结构两端开口；所述透水结构包括弧形结构和透水板，其中，弧形结构与暗管内侧壁贴合，透水板上开设有若干吸水口；液体经进水孔流入暗管内并经吸水口进入透水结构开口后流入到负压室。
进一步的，所述暗管为中空圆柱管，暗管内设有透水板，透水板将暗管分成上层暗管和下层暗管两部分，其中，上层暗管外侧壁上开设有若干进水孔，透水板上开设有若干吸水口；液体经进水孔进入后经吸水口流出进入负压室。
进一步的，所述吸水口结构为倒圆台结构。
进一步的，所述透水结构高度或者下层暗管高度为暗管高度的0～1/4。
进一步的，暗管两端除去透水结构两端或者下层暗管两端外密封处理。
进一步的，抽气泵为移动式，可分区域使用。
进一步的，所述负压室置于土层下，负压室设置有液位传感器和压力表；所述液位传感器用来监测并反馈负压室的液体高度，压力表用来显示负压室内的压力大小。
进一步的，所述负压室上设置有集水口，集水口通过法兰与暗管连通。
进一步的，所述负压室上设置有抽水口，通过潜水泵排出负压室内的液体。
进一步的，所述抽气泵上设置有抽气管，所述抽气管与负压室上开设的抽气口相通；所述抽气管上设置有单向阀。
有益效果：
1.本装置采用抽气泵不直接作用于土壤，而是作用于负压室，克服了土壤中含有气液两相，抽负压较为困难的问题，本装置增加了负压室，通过对负压室进行抽负压，通过排水暗管内外的压力差将土壤中的水加速排出，提升排水效率。
2.本装置对现有暗管进行了结构设计，由传统单层暗管变为上下两层。上层左右两端密封，下层一端连入负压室，上述结构设置的好处在于下层易于形成负压区，提高抽负压效率。
3.暗管上下两层通过透水板隔开，透水板上开倒圆台的孔，即上大、下小，该设计的易处是水在透水板上易行成水膜，使暗管下层得到更好的密封性。
4.负压室上配有气压传感器，气压传感器设定两个阈值，分别为阈值1和阈值2。阈值2的设定取决于泵的性能特性曲线，设定略高于泵的最佳工作点，注意最佳工作点要满足负压需求。阈值1设定略低于泵的最佳工作点，当负压室中气压达到阈值2时，抽气泵关闭。由于此时存在压差，土壤中的水仍会加速流入暗管；抽气管中装有单向阀防止抽负压时气体回流。由于抽气泵关闭，负压室中气压会逐渐升高，对土壤中的水抽负压能力减弱。当负压室中气压达到阈值1时，抽气泵打开，进行抽负压。如此循环往复抽负压，从而达到加速土壤洗盐排水的效果。
附图说明
图1田间系统布置示意图；
图2暗管结构三维图；
图3暗管结构剖面图；
图4暗管中透水板上吸水口示意图；
图5吸水口放大示意图；
图6移动式抽气泵示意图；
图7抽气管连接负压室示意图；
图8负压室主视图；
图9负压室俯视图；
图10工作流程图；
图11不抽负压时暗管排水原理图；
图12抽负压时暗管排水原理图。
附图标记如下：
1-耕地，2-暗管，3-抽气泵，4-田间小路，5-负压室，21-进水孔，22-上层暗管，23-下层暗管，24-透水板，25-吸水口，31-抽气管，32-抽气泵，33-排气管，40-沉头座，41-凸台通孔，42-抽气管配合孔，51-抽水口52-压力表，53-凸台，54-集水口，55-潜水泵，56-液位传感器，57-铆钉，58-抽气口。
具体实施方式
结合附图1，耕地1降雨或进行大水灌溉，土壤中的盐分溶解到入渗的水中，通过重力的作用，盐水通过暗管2流入负压室5中。通过抽气口58连接移动式抽气泵3进行抽负压，加速暗管排水。
结合附图2、3和4，在暗管上层开有若干进水孔21，用于土壤水的流入；，暗管结构为半圆开孔，即上层暗管开有进水孔21，下层暗管23为密闭空间；暗管的中间透水板24可以支撑暗管，既提高管道的压力，又可以在管道下方形成一个密封空间。由于暗管只在上方开口，不会进行二次渗漏。当上层暗管有水流入时，水流入下层暗管，易形成负压区加速排水。流入暗管中的水会从上层暗管22通过透水板24上的吸水口25流入下层暗管23，此时由于水分一直通过吸水口25，空气难以进入下出水口，在下层暗管23会形成一个密封空间。当对负压室5进行抽负压时，流入暗管上层22的水，在重力和吸力的双重作用下会加速流到下层暗管23中最后流入负压室。
结合附图5，吸水口25的结构呈倒圆台，上孔大，下孔小，下层暗管23的高度大约占暗管高度的1/4，这种设计的优点是容易在暗管内形成负压区。与直接用抽气泵在土壤中抽真空的设计：直接在土壤中抽负压，土壤中含有气液两相，难以形成真空区相比，本装置的优点是可将土壤中的水尽可能的吸入负压室内。因为直接在土壤中抽负压，土壤中含有气液两相，难以形成真空区。本装置是先通过抽气泵使负压室形成负压，连入负压室的暗管因与负压室相连而产生负压区，从而使土壤中的含盐水分加速排出。
结合附图6，抽气泵3通过抽气管31连入负压室5中，将吸入的气体通过排气管33排 出。抽气泵3可移动，可以在每个具有负压室的田块进行抽负压，节约成本。
结合附图7，抽气管31通过抽气管配合孔42焊接在沉头座40上，凸台通孔41与凸台53连接，保证抽气管31可以与负压室5稳固相连。
结合附图8，9，负压室5埋于地下，负压室顶端与地面齐平。暗管可通过法兰连接，安装和替换；盐水通过集水口54流入负压室。在负压室5安装有液位传感器56控制潜水泵55，到达设定液位时可通过抽水口51排水。压力表52的作用是检测负压室5中的负压，当不抽负压时，负压室5中压力与大气压相等为0.1Mpa。当抽气泵32打开时，压力表52设定两个阈值，分别为阈值1和阈值2。阈值2的设定取决于泵的性能特性曲线，设定略高于泵的最佳工作点，注意最佳工作点要满足负压需求。阈值1设定略低于泵的最佳工作点，当负压室5中压力达到阈值2时，抽气泵32关闭。此时存在压差，土壤中的水仍会通过暗管加速流入负压室5中。当抽气泵关闭，负压室5中负压会逐渐减弱，土壤排水速率开始降低。当负压室5中气压达到阈值1时，抽气泵32打开，进行抽负压。如此循环往复的对负压室进行抽负压，从而达到加速土壤洗盐排水的效果。本发明设置气压传感器和单向阀可使抽气泵始终工作在最佳点处，从而提高土壤洗盐的效率。
理论依据：水流运动方向：土水势高→低
土水势：Ψ t＝Ψ m+Ψ s+Ψ g+Ψ p，对于确定的土壤质地和暗管埋深(参考零平面)，基质势Ψ m，溶质势Ψ s，重力势Ψ g不变，通过暗管中产生的负压可以改变土壤水的压力势Ψ p。
当耕地中降雨或灌水时，土壤水会经历两个阶段，一是不饱和流动，二是饱和流动，饱和流动可用达西定律表示q＝-k×(dh/dx)，其中，dh/dx代表水压梯度，k代表饱和导水率，其受土壤因素影响，-为水流方向。结合附图11所示，当对系统抽负压前，暗管2通过负压室5与大气相连，此时暗管中的气压P2等于大气气压P1，土壤水的总势主要以重力势(Ψ g＝ρgh)为主。当抽负压后，暗管中气压P2减小，此时土壤水总势(Ψ t＝P1-P2+ρgh)增大，水压梯度增大，即单位时间内土壤水的排出量变大。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统，其特征在于，包括暗管(2)；所述暗管(2)与负压室(5)连通；所述负压室(5)通过抽气口(58)与抽气泵(3)连通，通过抽气泵(3)可对负压室(5)进行抽负压。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统，其特征在于，所述暗管(2)为中空管，暗管(2)外壁上开设有若干进水孔(21)，暗管(2)内侧壁套装有透水结构且透水结构两端开口；所述透水结构包括弧形结构和透水板(24)，其中，弧形结构与暗管(2)内侧壁贴合，透水板(24)上开设有若干吸水口(25)；液体经进水孔(21)流入暗管(2)内并经吸水口(25)进入透水结构开口后流入到负压室(5)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统，其特征在于，所述暗管(2)为中空圆柱管，暗管(2)内设有透水板(24)，透水板(24)将暗管(2)分成上层暗管(22)和下层暗管(23)两部分，其中，上层暗管(22)外侧壁上开设有若干进水孔(21)，透水板(24)上开设有若干吸水口(25)；液体经进水孔(21)进入后经吸水口(25)流出进入负压室(5)。
  4. 根据权利要求2-3任一项所述的基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统，其特征在于，所述吸水口(25)结构为倒圆台结构。
  5. 根据权利要求2-3任一项所述的基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统，其特征在于，所述透水结构高度或者下层暗管高度为暗管高度的0～1/4。
  6. 根据权利要求2-3任一项所述的基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统，其特征在于，暗管(2)两端除去透水结构两端或者下层暗管(23)两端外密封处理。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统，所述抽气泵(3)为移动式抽气泵。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统，其特征在于，所述负压室(5)置于土层下，负压室(5)上设置有液位传感器(56)和压力表(52)；所述液位传感器(56)用来监测并反馈负压室(5)的液体高度，压力表(52)用来显示负压室(5)内的压力大小。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统，其特征在于，所述负压室(5)上设置有集水口(54)，集水口(54)可通过法兰与暗管(2)连通，通过抽水口(51)排出负压室(5)内的液体。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的基于负压的加速土壤洗盐排水的系统，其特征在于，所述抽气泵(3)上设置有抽气管(31)，所述抽气管(31)与负压室(5)上开设的抽气口(58)相通；所述抽气管(31)上设置有单向阀。
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