WO2023045201A1 - 一种过流保护方法、装置及供电电路 - Google Patents

一种过流保护方法、装置及供电电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023045201A1
WO2023045201A1 PCT/CN2022/074610 CN2022074610W WO2023045201A1 WO 2023045201 A1 WO2023045201 A1 WO 2023045201A1 CN 2022074610 W CN2022074610 W CN 2022074610W WO 2023045201 A1 WO2023045201 A1 WO 2023045201A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conversion module
protection
module
overcurrent
power supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/074610
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
齐雪宝
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suzhou Wave Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Wave Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by Suzhou Wave Intelligent Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Suzhou Wave Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Priority to US18/278,839 priority Critical patent/US11979018B2/en
Publication of WO2023045201A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045201A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for DC applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/093—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current with timing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of circuit protection, in particular to an overcurrent protection method, device and power supply circuit.
  • the DC power supply is converted into power supply for on-board circuits and external devices through a DC-DC (Direct Current-Direct Current, DC-DC) conversion module.
  • DC-DC Direct Current-Direct Current, DC-DC
  • the DC-DC conversion module itself is equipped with a current overcurrent protection mechanism, that is, when the output current value of the DC-DC conversion module exceeds its OCP (Over Current Protection, When the current overcurrent protection) value is reached, the OCP protection of the DC-DC conversion module is triggered, and the power supply for the circuit on the board and the external device is stopped.
  • OCP Over Current Protection
  • the OCP protection of the DC-DC conversion module will cause the circuit on the board to be powered off.
  • the protection module is connected in series on the power supply branch where the external device is located. After the current of the power supply branch exceeds the overcurrent protection threshold of the protection module for a certain period of time, the power supply branch is disconnected, which reduces the probability of the DC-DC conversion module triggering OCP protection due to the connection of the external device to the external interface.
  • the instantaneous peak current value may exceed
  • the OCP value triggers the protection of the DC-DC conversion module, and because the maintenance time of the instantaneous peak current value is very short, it is greater than the response time of the protection of the DC-DC conversion module, and is smaller than the protection of the protection module set on the branch where the external device is located. Response time, so it is very likely that the protection module has not been triggered or the DC-DC conversion module protection has been triggered before the protection module acts, causing the circuit on the board to be powered off, causing the server to crash or fail to start, affecting the on-board The power supply reliability of the upper circuit.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide an overcurrent protection method, device and power supply circuit, which solves the problem that the connection of capacitive external equipment can easily cause power failure of the on-board circuit, resulting in server downtime or failure to start up, and improves the on-board circuit. power supply reliability.
  • the application provides an overcurrent protection method, which is applied to the processor in the power supply circuit, and the power supply circuit also includes a DC-DC conversion module, a protection module and an external plug-in interface; the DC-DC The conversion module is respectively connected to the circuit on the board, the processor and the protection module, and is used to supply power to the circuit on the board and to supply power to the external device connected to the external plug-in interface through the protection module.
  • the protection module When the output current exceeds the OCP value, shut off its own output and restore the output after a first preset time period;
  • the protection module is connected to the external device through the external plug-in interface, and is used for power supply on its own power supply branch Disconnect after the current exceeds the overcurrent protection threshold for a second preset period of time;
  • the overcurrent protection method includes:
  • control before the protection module is disconnected, the control further includes:
  • S11 Judging whether the number of times i of controlling the closing of the protection module is N, if the number of times i of controlling the closing of the protection module is N, enter S12; if the number of times i of controlling the closing of the protection module is not N, enter S13; N is an integer not less than 2, i is an integer not greater than N;
  • S16 keep outputting the first enabling signal to the DC-DC conversion module within a third preset time length, and enter S11, the third preset time length being longer than the first preset time length;
  • control further includes:
  • the protection module after judging that the number of times i of closing the protection module is equal to N, it also includes:
  • the overcurrent protection method also includes:
  • the protection module receiving the overcurrent protection signal sent by the protection module when the current on the power supply branch where it is located exceeds the overcurrent protection threshold for a second preset time period and then disconnecting, and storing the overcurrent protection signal in a memory.
  • the OCP value adjustment pin of the DC-DC conversion module is connected to the initial resistance
  • the power supply circuit also includes:
  • An adjustable resistor connected to the adjustment pin of the DC-DC conversion module
  • the DC-DC conversion module is also used for determining the OCP value based on the initial resistance and the adjustable resistance.
  • the adjustable resistance includes a first controllable switch and a first adjustment resistance; one end of the first adjustment resistance is connected to the OCP value adjustment pin of the DC-DC conversion module, and the first adjustment The other end of the resistor is connected to the first end of the first controllable switch;
  • the second terminal of the first controllable switch is grounded, and the control terminal of the first controllable switch is connected to the external plug-in interface for conduction when the external plug-in interface is connected to the external plug-in device;
  • the equivalent resistance of the first adjustment resistor and the initial resistor is negatively correlated with the OCP value.
  • the adjustable resistance includes a second controllable switch and a second adjustment resistance; one end of the second adjustment resistance is connected to the OCP value adjustment pin of the DC-DC conversion module, and the second adjustment The other end of the resistor is connected to the first end of the second controllable switch; the resistance value of the equivalent resistance of the second adjusting resistor and the initial resistor is negatively correlated with the value of the OCP; the second The second end of the second controllable switch is grounded, and the control end of the second controllable switch is connected to the OCP value adjustment pin of the processor;
  • the overcurrent protection method also includes:
  • the third preset duration is longer than the first preset duration, so that the DC-DC conversion module maintains power supply to the on-board circuit.
  • an overcurrent protection device including:
  • a processor configured to implement the steps of the above-mentioned overcurrent protection method when executing the computer program.
  • the present application also provides a power supply circuit, including a DC-DC conversion module, a protection module, and an external plug-in interface, and also includes an overcurrent protection device as described above;
  • the DC-DC conversion module is respectively connected with the on-board circuit, the processor and the protection module, and is used for supplying power to the on-board circuit and through the protection module for the external plug-in port connected to the external plug-in interface.
  • the device supplies power, and when its own output current exceeds the OCP value, it shuts off its own output and restores the output after a first preset period of time;
  • the protection module is connected to the external plug-in device through the external plug-in interface, and is used for The current on its own power supply branch exceeds the overcurrent protection threshold for a second preset time period before disconnection.
  • the present application provides an overcurrent protection method, device and power supply circuit, which does not immediately control the DC-DC conversion module to stop working when receiving an overcurrent signal sent by the DC-DC conversion module indicating that its output current exceeds the OCP value , but firstly control the protection module to disconnect, isolate the external device, so that the circuit on the board is not powered on, and then keep outputting the first enabling signal to the DC-DC within the third preset duration longer than the first preset duration
  • the conversion module maintains the power supply to the circuit on the board, and after the first preset time period, judges whether the overcurrent signal sent by the DC-DC conversion module indicating that its output current exceeds the OCP value is received again. If the DC-DC conversion module is received again.
  • the overcurrent signal sent by the DC conversion module indicating that its output current exceeds the OCP value indicates that the circuit on the board has overcurrent, so the DC-DC conversion module is controlled to shut down and stop supplying power to the circuit on the board; if the DC-DC is not received again If the overcurrent signal sent by the conversion module indicates that its output current exceeds the OCP value, the control and protection module will be kept disconnected, and only the circuit on the board will continue to be powered.
  • Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an overcurrent protection method provided by the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply circuit provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a flowchart of another overcurrent protection method provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another power supply circuit provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an overcurrent protection device provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another power supply circuit provided by the present application.
  • the core of this application is to provide an overcurrent protection method, device and power supply circuit, which solves the problem that the connection of capacitive external equipment may easily cause power failure of the on-board circuit, resulting in server downtime or failure to start the server, and improves the on-board circuit. power supply reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an overcurrent protection method provided in the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply circuit provided in the present application.
  • the overcurrent protection method is applied to the processor 1 in the power supply circuit, and the power supply circuit also includes a DC-DC conversion module 2, a protection module 3 and an external plug-in interface 4;
  • the DC-DC conversion module 2 is connected to the on-board circuit 5 and the processor respectively 1 and the protection module 3 are used to supply power to the circuit 5 on the board and to supply power to the external device 6 connected to the external interface 4 through the protection module 3.
  • the protection module 3 is connected to the plug-in device 6 through the plug-in interface 4, and is used to disconnect after the current on its own power supply branch exceeds the second preset duration of the overcurrent protection threshold;
  • the overcurrent protection method includes:
  • S22 Keep outputting the first enabling signal to the DC-DC conversion module 2 within a third preset duration, the third preset duration being longer than the first preset duration;
  • the processor 1 does not immediately send a shutdown signal to the DC-DC conversion module 2 to turn off the DC-DC as in the prior art. Instead of converting the output of the module 2, first control the protection module 3 to disconnect, cut off the power supply to the external device 6, and give priority to maintaining the power supply of the circuit 5 on the board.
  • the processor 1 keeps outputting the first enable signal to the DC-DC conversion module 2 within the third preset duration, wherein the third preset duration is longer than the first preset duration, and the first enable signal here can be a high power
  • the flat level signal and the like can realize the signal enabling the DC-DC conversion module 2 , which is not specifically limited in this application, and is determined according to the actual circuit structure.
  • the overcurrent signal sent by the DC-DC conversion module 2 representing that the output current of the DC-DC conversion module 2 exceeds the OCP value is received again, and if the signal sent by the DC-DC conversion module 2 is received again An overcurrent signal representing the output current of the DC-DC conversion module 2 exceeding the OCP value, indicating that there is an overcurrent in the circuit 5 on the board, then control the DC-DC conversion module 2 to shut down, and stop the power supply to the circuit 5 on the board; Received the overcurrent signal sent by the DC-DC conversion module 2 indicating that the output current of the DC-DC conversion module 2 exceeds the OCP value, indicating that the reason why the DC-DC conversion module 2 triggered the OCP protection this time is that the external device 6 connected
  • the output current value of the DC-DC conversion module 2 caused by the instantaneous peak current generated at the moment of input is too large, so the control and protection module 3 is kept disconnected, and only the power supply to the circuit 5 on the board is maintained.
  • the method of controlling the disconnection of the protection module 3 can be that the processor 1 outputs a first shutdown signal to the protection module 3, where the first shutdown signal can be a low-level level signal, and this application does not make a special description here.
  • the way to realize the shutdown of the DC-DC conversion module 2 can be that the processor 1 outputs a second shutdown signal to the DC-DC conversion module 2, where the second shutdown signal can be a low-level level signal.
  • the processor 1 outputs a second shutdown signal to the DC-DC conversion module 2, where the second shutdown signal can be a low-level level signal.
  • the first preset duration is the automatic recovery output period when the DC-DC conversion module 2 triggers the OCP protection and does not receive the second shutdown signal sent by the processor 1. This application considers that if the The reason why the DC-DC conversion module 2 triggers the OCP protection is only due to the overcurrent caused by the access of the external device 6. In order to ensure that the DC-DC conversion module 2 can output normally after the first preset period of time, it will keep the output greater than The first enabling signal of the first preset duration and the third preset duration are sent to the DC-DC conversion module 2 .
  • the processor 1 here can be, but not limited to, a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device, complex programmable logic device); the overcurrent signal representing that the output current of the DC-DC conversion module 2 exceeds the OCP value here can be a DC-DC
  • Protection module 3 here can be based on MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, MOSFET, Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) setting
  • the protection module 3 can also be a protection module 3 based on Efuse (Electric programming fuse, electric programming fuse), which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • this application provides an overcurrent protection method that does not immediately control the DC-DC conversion module 2 to stop working when receiving the overcurrent signal sent by the DC-DC conversion module 2 indicating that its output current exceeds the OCP value , but firstly control the protection module 3 to disconnect, isolate the external plug-in device 6, so that the on-board circuit 5 is not powered off, and then keep outputting the first enabling signal to
  • the DC-DC conversion module 2 maintains the power supply to the circuit 5 on the board, and after a first preset period of time, judges whether the overcurrent signal sent by the DC-DC conversion module 2 indicating that its output current exceeds the OCP value is received again, If the overcurrent signal sent by the DC-DC conversion module 2 indicating that its output current exceeds the OCP value is received again, it means that the circuit 5 on the board has overcurrent, so the DC-DC conversion module 2 is controlled to shut down, and the circuit 5 on the board is stopped.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another overcurrent protection method provided by the present application.
  • control protection module 3 before keeping the control protection module 3 disconnected, it also includes:
  • S14 Determine whether the overcurrent signal sent by the DC-DC conversion module 2 representing that the output current of the DC-DC conversion module 2 exceeds the OCP value is received again, if the DC-DC conversion signal sent by the DC-DC conversion module 2 is received again The overcurrent signal indicating that the output current of module 2 exceeds the OCP value is entered into S15, and if the overcurrent signal sent by the DC-DC conversion module 2 indicating that the output current of the DC-DC conversion module 2 exceeds the OCP value is not received again, it is entered into S17;
  • S16 keep outputting the first enabling signal to the DC-DC conversion module 2 within the third preset duration, and enter S11, where the third preset duration is longer than the first preset duration;
  • the overcurrent signal sent by the conversion module 2 indicating that the output current of the DC-DC conversion module 2 exceeds the OCP value indicates that the access of the external device 6 triggers the OCP protection of the DC-DC conversion module 2 again, and the protection module is first controlled 3. Disconnect, and keep outputting the first enable signal to the DC-DC conversion module 2 within a third preset duration greater than the first preset duration, so as to restore the normal output of the DC-DC conversion module 2, and return to step S11; If the overcurrent signal indicating that the output current of the DC-DC conversion module 2 exceeds the OCP value sent by the DC-DC conversion module 2 is not received again, it means that the external device 6 has been successfully connected, and the DC-DC conversion module 2 can To realize power supply to it, keep the control protection module 3 closed and clear i for the next counting use.
  • N here is the charging times threshold pre-stored in the memory, and the present application does not specifically limit the value of N here, and it is determined according to actual needs.
  • the one-time charging process of the capacitive external plug-in device 6 can be divided into multiple charging processes, and the capacity of the external device 6 can be guaranteed as much as possible while maintaining the power supply to the circuit 5 on the board.
  • the permanent extra-plug-in device 6 can also be connected smoothly, and by adjusting the size of N, this method can support the access of some extra-plug-in devices 6 that will generate a large instantaneous peak current at the moment of access.
  • control and protection module 3 after keeping the control and protection module 3 closed, it also includes:
  • the processor 1 in order to record the charging results of the external plug-in device 6 being charged multiple times after it is connected, the processor 1, after keeping the control protection module 3 closed, indicates that the external plug-in device 6 has been connected normally at this time, and will The result that there is no overcurrent in the supply circuit is saved to memory. It can be seen that this method can record the charging results of the external plug-in device 6 that can be connected normally after multiple chargings, which is convenient for users to check later.
  • control protection module 3 after judging that the number of closing times i of the control protection module 3 is equal to N, it also includes:
  • the further action here may be to prompt the user to pull out the external plug-in device 6 , which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • this method can record the result that the external plug-in device 6 cannot be connected normally, which will lead to overcurrent of the power supply circuit, so as to facilitate further actions of the subsequent processor 1 .
  • the overcurrent protection method also includes:
  • the protection module 3 in order to obtain the protection action of the protection module 3 so that other protection measures can be taken later as needed, the protection module 3 will be disconnected after the current on the power supply branch exceeds the second preset duration of the overcurrent protection threshold. Send the overcurrent protection signal to the processor 1, and the processor 1 will store the second protection signal in the memory after receiving the second protection signal, and record the protection event of the protection module 3 this time.
  • over-current protection signal here may be a high-level level signal or a signal capable of representing an over-current protection event occurring at the protection module, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another power supply circuit provided by the present application.
  • the OCP value adjustment pin of the DC-DC conversion module 2 is connected to the initial resistor R6;
  • the power supply circuit also includes:
  • An adjustable resistor 8 connected to the adjustment pin of the DC-DC conversion module 2;
  • the DC-DC conversion module 2 is also used to determine the OCP value based on the initial resistance R6 and the adjustable resistance 8 .
  • the OCP value of the DC-DC protection module 3 can be increased so that the DC-DC The DC conversion module 2 can continue to supply power for the external device 6 and the on-board circuit 5.
  • an adjustable resistor 8 connected to the adjustment pin of the DC-DC conversion module 2 is also provided in the power supply circuit, so that the DC-DC conversion module 2 can also be based on the initial resistance R6 and the adjustable resistor 8. Adjust the resistor 8 to determine the OCP value.
  • the equivalent resistance between the adjustable resistor 8 and the initial resistor R6 can be used to increase the OCP value of the DC-DC conversion module, and can also be used to reduce the OCP value of the DC-DC conversion module 2. This application No special limitation is made here, and it is determined according to the actual needs of users.
  • the adjustable resistor 8 includes a first controllable switch 81 and a first adjusting resistor R5; one end of the first adjusting resistor R5 is connected to the OCP value adjusting pin of the DC-DC conversion module 2, the second The other end of an adjustment resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the first controllable switch 81;
  • the second end of the first controllable switch 81 is grounded, and the control end of the first controllable switch 81 is connected to the external plug-in interface 4 for conduction when the external plug-in interface 4 is connected to the external plug-in device 6;
  • the equivalent resistance of the first adjusting resistor R5 and the initial resistor R6 is negatively correlated with the OCP value.
  • the OCP value of the DC-DC protection module 3 can be increased so that the DC-DC The DC conversion module 2 can continue to supply power to the external device 6 and the on-board circuit 5 .
  • the adjustable resistor 8 can be set to include a first controllable switch 81 and a first adjusting resistor R5, the equivalent resistance of the first adjusting resistor R5 and the initial resistor R6 is negatively correlated with the OCP value,
  • the first controllable switch 81 is disconnected, and the first adjusting resistor R5 is not connected, at this time, the resistance value of the equivalent resistance is the resistance value of the initial resistance R6 ;
  • the first controllable switch 81 is turned on so that the first adjustment resistor R5 is connected.
  • the resistance value of the equivalent resistance is the first adjustment resistor R5 and the initial resistance R6
  • the equivalent resistance after parallel connection is smaller than the equivalent resistance when no external device 6 is connected to the external plug-in interface 4 , so that the OCP value of the DC-DC conversion module 2 is increased.
  • the first controllable switch 81 here may be any controllable switching device such as a MOSFET, which is not specifically limited in this application and is determined according to actual needs.
  • the first controllable switch 81 includes a PMOS (Positive Channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor, P-channel MOSFET) 811 as shown in FIG.
  • the drain of PMOS811 is used as the second terminal of the first controllable switch 81
  • the gate of PMOS811 is used as the control terminal of the first controllable switch 81.
  • the external plug-in interface 4 is connected to the external plug-in device 6, the PMOS811 is turned on.
  • a first current limiting resistor R4 may be provided on the branch where the gate of the PMOS 811 is located, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the OCP value of the DC-DC conversion module 2 can be adaptively increased when the external plug-in device 6 is connected to the external plug-in interface 4, reducing the probability of triggering the OCP protection of the DC-DC conversion module 2, and the method Simple and easy to implement, high degree of automation.
  • the adjustable resistor 8 includes a second controllable switch 82 and a second adjusting resistor R3; one end of the second adjusting resistor R3 is connected to the OCP value adjusting pin of the DC-DC conversion module 2, and the second The other end of the second adjustment resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the second controllable switch 82; the resistance value of the equivalent resistance of the second adjustment resistor R3 and the initial resistance R6 is negatively correlated with the size of the OCP value; the second controllable switch The second end of 82 is grounded, and the control end of the second controllable switch 82 is connected to the OCP value adjustment pin of the processor 1;
  • the overcurrent protection method also includes:
  • the second enable signal is sent to the second controllable switch 82 to control the second controllable switch 82 to conduct.
  • the OCP value of the DC-DC protection module 3 can be increased so that the DC-DC The DC conversion module 2 can continue to supply power to the external device 6 and the on-board circuit 5 .
  • the adjustable resistor 8 can be configured to include a second controllable switch 82 and a second adjusting resistor R3, and the equivalent resistance of the second adjusting resistor R3 and the initial resistor R6 is negatively correlated with the OCP value.
  • the resistance value of the equivalent resistance is the resistance of the initial resistance R6 value; when the processor 1 receives the switch conduction instruction, it sends the second enable signal to the second controllable switch 82 to control the conduction of the second controllable switch 82, and the second adjustment resistor R3 is connected.
  • the The resistance value of the equivalent resistance is the equivalent resistance after the second adjustment resistance R3 and the initial resistance R6 are connected in parallel, and the resistance value of the equivalent resistance is compared with the resistance value of the equivalent resistance when the processor 1 does not receive the switch conduction instruction. The smaller the value, the higher the OCP value of the DC-DC conversion module 2 is.
  • the switch conduction command here may be a switch conduction command sent to the processor 1 by pressing an adjustment button according to actual needs, and this application does not make a special limitation here.
  • the second controllable switch 82 here can be any controllable switching device such as a MOSFET, which is not specifically limited in this application and is determined according to actual needs.
  • the second controllable switch 82 includes an NMOS (Negative Channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor, N-channel MOSFET) 821 as shown in FIG.
  • the source of NMOS821 serves as the second terminal of the second controllable switch 82
  • the gate of NMOS821 serves as the control terminal of the second controllable switch 82
  • the gate of NMOS821 receives the second enable signal sent by processor 1 conduction.
  • a second current-limiting resistor R1 can be set on the branch where the gate of NMOS821 is located;
  • a clamping resistor R2 can be set between the gate and the source of the NMOS821.
  • the OCP value of the DC-DC conversion module 2 can be increased when the switch conduction command is received, reducing the probability of triggering the OCP protection of the DC-DC conversion module 2, and the method is simple and easy to implement, and is convenient for users use.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an overcurrent protection device provided in the present application.
  • the overcurrent protection device includes:
  • Memory 9 used to store computer programs
  • the processor 1 is configured to implement the steps of the above-mentioned overcurrent protection method when executing the computer program.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another power supply circuit provided by the present application.
  • the power supply circuit includes a DC-DC conversion module 2, a protection module 3 and an external plug-in interface 4, and also includes an overcurrent protection device 10 as described above;
  • the DC-DC conversion module 2 is respectively connected with the circuit 5 on the board, the processor 1 and the protection module 3, and is used to supply power to the circuit 5 on the board and to supply power to the external device 6 connected to the external plug-in interface 4 through the protection module 3.
  • the protection module 3 When its own output current exceeds the OCP value, it shuts off its own output and restores the output after a first preset period of time; the protection module 3 is connected to the external device 6 through the external plug-in interface 4, and is used for the current on its own power supply branch to exceed The overcurrent protection threshold is disconnected after the second preset time period.
  • each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other.
  • the description is relatively simple, and for the related information, please refer to the description of the method part.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Power Sources (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种过流保护方法、装置及供电电路，在接收到DC-DC转换模块发送的表征其输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号时，并没有立即控制DC-DC转换模块停止工作，而是控制保护模块断开，将外插设备隔断，使得板上电路不断电，随后在大于第一预设时长的第三预设时长内保持输出第一使能信号至DC-DC转换模块，并经过第一预设时长后，判断是否重新接收到DC-DC转换模块发送的所述过流信号，若是，说明板上电路部分出现过流，于是控制DC-DC转换模块关闭，停止为板上电路供电；若否，则保持控制保护模块断开，继续只为板上电路供电。该方案解决了容性外插设备接入容易引起板上电路断电的问题，提高了板上电路的供电可靠性。

Description

一种过流保护方法、装置及供电电路
本申请要求在2021年09月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111110675.8、发明名称为“一种过流保护方法、装置及供电电路”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电路保护领域，特别是涉及一种过流保护方法、装置及供电电路。
背景技术
现有电源控制技术中，直流电源经由DC-DC(Direct Current-Direct Current,直流-直流)转换模块转换为板上电路及外插设备供电。为了实现在供电过程中对板上电路及电源的过流保护，DC-DC转换模块本身设置有电流过流保护机制，即当DC-DC转换模块的输出电流值超出其OCP(Over Current Protection，电流过流保护)值时，触发DC-DC转换模块的OCP保护，停止为板上电路及外插设备供电。
DC-DC转换模块的OCP保护会引起板上电路断电，为了使得板上电路的供电不因外插设备的接入而被影响，在外插设备所在的供电支路上串联保护模块，当该条供电支路的电流超过保护模块的过流保护阈值一定时长后，断开该供电支路，减少了DC-DC转换模块因外插设备接入外插接口触发OCP保护的概率。而实际应用时，为了满足通信需求，外插接口处连接的外插设备的种类繁多，存在容性负载的外插设备，在其通过外插接口接入的瞬间，瞬时尖峰电流值可能会超过OCP值，触发DC-DC转换模块保护，且由于该瞬时尖峰电流值的维持时间很短，大于DC-DC转换模块保护的响应时间，又小于该外插设备所在支路上设置的保护模块保护的响应时间，因此极有可能出现未触发保护模块或在保护模块动作之前，已经触发了DC-DC转换模块保护的情况，造成板上电路断电，进而导致服务器宕机或无法开机，影响了板上电路的供电可靠性。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提供一种过流保护方法、装置及供电电路，解决了容性外插设备接入容易引起板上电路断电，导致服务器宕机或无法开机的问题，提高了板上电路的供电可靠 性。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种过流保护方法，应用于供电电路中的处理器，所述供电电路还包括DC-DC转换模块、保护模块及外插接口；所述DC-DC转换模块分别与板上电路、所述处理器及所述保护模块连接，用于为所述板上电路供电及通过所述保护模块为与所述外插接口连接的外插设备供电，在自身的输出电流超过OCP值时，关断自身的输出并经过第一预设时长后恢复输出；所述保护模块通过所述外插接口与所述外插设备连接，用于在自身供电支路上的电流超过过流保护阈值第二预设时长后断开；
所述过流保护方法包括：
接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号时，控制所述保护模块断开；
在第三预设时长内保持输出第一使能信号至所述DC-DC转换模块，所述第三预设时长大于所述第一预设时长；
经过所述第一预设时长后判断是否重新接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号；
若重新接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，控制所述DC-DC转换模块关闭；
若未重新接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，保持控制所述保护模块断开。
可选的，保持控制所述保护模块断开之前，还包括：
S11：判断控制所述保护模块闭合的次数i是否为N，若控制所述保护模块闭合的次数i为N，进入S12；若控制所述保护模块闭合的次数i不为N，进入S13；N为不小于2的整数，i为不大于N的整数；
S12：进入保持控制所述保护模块断开的步骤并将i清零；
S13：控制所述保护模块闭合并令i＝i+1；
S14：判断是否重新接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，若重新接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，进入S15，若未重新接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，进入S17；
S15：控制所述保护模块断开；
S16：在第三预设时长内保持输出第一使能信号至所述DC-DC转换模块，并进入S11，所述第三预设时长大于所述第一预设时长；
S17：保持控制所述保护模块闭合并将i清零。
可选的，保持控制所述保护模块闭合之后，还包括：
将所述供电电路中不存在过流的结果保存至存储器。
可选的，判断控制所述保护模块闭合的次数i等于N之后，还包括：
将所述供电电路中存在过流的结果保存至存储器。
可选的，所述过流保护方法还包括：
接收所述保护模块在自身所在供电支路上的电流超过过流保护阈值第二预设时长后断开时发送的过流保护信号，并将所述过流保护信号存储至存储器。
可选的，所述DC-DC转换模块的OCP值调节引脚与初始电阻连接；
所述供电电路还包括：
与所述DC-DC转换模块的调节引脚连接的可调电阻；
所述DC-DC转换模块还用于基于所述初始电阻及所述可调电阻确定所述OCP值。
可选的，所述可调电阻包括第一可控开关及第一调节电阻；所述第一调节电阻的一端与所述DC-DC转换模块的OCP值调节引脚连接，所述第一调节电阻的另一端与所述第一可控开关的第一端连接；
所述第一可控开关的第二端接地，所述第一可控开关的控制端与所述外插接口连接，用于在所述外插接口接入所述外插设备时导通；
所述第一调节电阻和所述初始电阻的等效电阻与所述OCP值呈负相关。
可选的，所述可调电阻包括第二可控开关及第二调节电阻；所述第二调节电阻的一端与所述DC-DC转换模块的OCP值调节引脚连接，所述第二调节电阻的另一端与所述第二可控开关的第一端连接；所述第二调节电阻和所述初始电阻的等效电阻的阻值与所述OCP值的大小呈负相关；所述第二可控开关的第二端接地，所述第二可控开关的控制端与所述处理器的OCP值调节引脚连接；
所述过流保护方法还包括：
在接收到开关导通指令时发送第二使能信号至所述第二可控开关，以控制所述第二可控开关导通。
可选的，所述第三预设时长大于所述第一预设时长，以使所述DC-DC转换模块维持对所述板上电路的供电。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请还提供了一种过流保护装置，包括：
存储器，用于存储计算机程序；
处理器，用于执行所述计算机程序时实现如上述所述的过流保护方法的步骤。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请还提供了一种供电电路，包括DC-DC转换模块、保护模块及外插接口，还包括如上述所述的过流保护装置；
所述DC-DC转换模块分别与板上电路、所述处理器及所述保护模块连接，用于为所述板上电路供电及通过所述保护模块为与所述外插接口连接的外插设备供电，在自身的输出电流超过OCP值时，关断自身的输出并经过第一预设时长后恢复输出；所述保护模块通过所述外插接口与所述外插设备连接，用于在自身供电支路上的电流超过过流保护阈值第二预设时长后断开。
本申请提供了一种过流保护方法、装置及供电电路，在接收到DC-DC转换模块发送的表征其输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号时，并没有立即控制DC-DC转换模块停止工作，而是首先控制保护模块断开，将外插设备隔断，使得板上电路不断电，随后在大于第一预设时长的第三预设时长内，保持输出第一使能信号至DC-DC转换模块，维持对板上电路的供电，并经过第一预设时长后，判断是否重新接收到DC-DC转换模块发送的表征其输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，若重新接收到DC-DC转换模块发送的表征其输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，说明板上电路部分出现过流，于是控制DC-DC转换模块关闭，停止为板上电路供电；若未重新接收到DC-DC转换模块发送的表征其输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，则保持控制保护模块断开，继续只为板上电路供电。该方案解决了容性外插设备接入容易引起板上电路断电，导致服务器宕机或无法开机的问题，提高了板上电路的供电可靠性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对现有技术和实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请提供的一种过流保护方法的流程图；
图2为本申请提供的一种供电电路的结构示意图；
图3为本申请提供的另一种过流保护方法的流程图；
图4为本申请提供的另一种供电电路的结构示意图；
图5为本申请提供的一种过流保护装置的结构示意图；
图6为本申请提供的另一种供电电路的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请的核心是提供一种过流保护方法、装置及供电电路，解决了容性外插设备接入容易引起板上电路断电，导致服务器宕机或无法开机的问题，提高了板上电路的供电可靠性。
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
请参照图1和图2，图1为本申请提供的一种过流保护方法的流程图，图2为本申请提供的一种供电电路的结构示意图。
该过流保护方法应用于供电电路中的处理器1，供电电路还包括DC-DC转换模块2、保护模块3及外插接口4；DC-DC转换模块2分别与板上电路5、处理器1及保护模块3连接，用于为板上电路5供电及通过保护模块3为与外插接口4连接的外插设备6供电，在自身的输出电流超过OCP值时，关断自身的输出并经过第一预设时长后恢复输出；保护模块3通过外插接口4与外插设备6连接，用于在自身供电支路上的电流超过过流保护阈值第二预设时长后断开；
该过流保护方法包括：
S21：接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号时，控制保护模块3断开；
S22：在第三预设时长内保持输出第一使能信号至DC-DC转换模块2，第三预设时长大于第一预设时长；
S23：经过第一预设时长后判断是否重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，若重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，进入S24；若未重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，进入S25；
S24：控制DC-DC转换模块2关闭；
S25：保持控制保护模块3断开。
本申请中，考虑到现有技术中当外插设备6为容性负载时，在其通过外插接口4接入的瞬间,会产生维持时间很短的瞬时尖峰电流，该维持时间大于DC-DC转换模块2的OCP保护的响应时间，又小于该外插设备6所在支路上设置的保护模块3保护的响应时间，因此极有可能出现未触发保护模块3或在保护模块3动作之前，已经触发DC-DC转换模块2的OCP保护的情况，造成板上电路5断电，服务器宕机或无法开机，影响了板上电路5的供电可靠性。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请中在呈容性的外插设备6接入后，在接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征其输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号时，说明DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流过流，触发了DC-DC转换模块2的OCP保护，此时处理器1并没有像现有技术中立刻发送关闭信号至DC-DC转换模块2以关断DC-DC转换模块2的输出，而是首先控制保护模块3断开，切断对该外插设备6的供电，优先维持板上电路5的供电。随后处理器1在第三预设时长内保持输出第一使能信号至DC-DC转换模块2，其中第三预设时长大于第一预设时长，这里的第一使能信号可以为高电平的电平信号等能够实现对DC-DC转换模块2使能的信号，本申请在此不作特别的限定，根据实际的电路结构来定。经过第一预设时长后判断是否重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，若重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，说明板上电路5部分存在过流，则控制DC-DC转换模块2关闭，停止对板上电路5的供电；若未重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，说明此次DC-DC转换模块2触发OCP保护的原因为由该外插设备6接入瞬间产生的瞬时尖峰电流导致的DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流值过大，因此保持控制保护模块3断开，只维持对板上电路5的供电。
具体的，实现控制保护模块3断开的方式可以为处理器1输出第一关闭信号至保护模块3，这里的第一关闭信号可以为低电平的电平信号，本申请在此不作特别的限定；实现控制DC-DC转换模块2关闭的方式可以为处理器1输出第二关闭信号至DC-DC转换模块2，这里的第二关闭信号可以为低电平的电平信号，本申请在此不作特别的限定，依据实际电路结构来定。
需要说明的是，DC-DC转换模块2本身在触发OCP保护之后，其输出电压不会立即减小到0，而是存在一个跌落过程。此时若未接收到处理器1的第二关闭信号，则会在经过第一预设时长后再次尝试输出，且由于该第一预设时长的时长非常短，因此在第一预设时长内，DC-DC转换模块2在跌落过程中输出的电压仍然能够维持板上电路5的供电。
还需要说明的是，第一预设时长为DC-DC转换模块2触发OCP保护后若未接收到处理器1发送的第二关闭信号时的自动恢复输出周期，本申请中考虑到若此次DC-DC转换模块2触发OCP保护的原因仅是由于该外插设备6接入引起的过流，为了确保DC-DC转换模块2在经过第一预设时长之后能够正常输出，会保持输出大于第一预设时长的第三预设时长的第一使能信号至DC-DC转换模块2。
此外，这里的处理器1可以但不仅限为CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device，复杂可编程逻辑器)；这里的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号可以为DC-DC转换模块2的输出电压跌落信号，本申请在此不作特别的限定；这里的保护模块3可以为基于MOSFET(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor,MOSFET，金属-氧化物半导体场效应晶体管)设置的保护模块3，也可以为基于Efuse(Electric programming fuse，电编程保险丝)设置的保护模块3，本申请在此不作特别的限定。
综上，本申请提供了一种过流保护方法，在接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征其输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号时，并没有立即控制DC-DC转换模块2停止工作，而是首先控制保护模块3断开，将外插设备6隔断，使得板上电路5不断电，随后在大于第一预设时长的第三预设时长内，保持输出第一使能信号至DC-DC转换模块2，维持对板上电路5的供电，并经过第一预设时长后，判断是否重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征其输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，若重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征其输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，说明板上电路5部分出现过流，于是控制DC-DC转换模块2关闭，停止为板上电路5供电；若未重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征其输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，则保持控制保护模块3断开，继续只为板上电路5供电。该方 案解决了容性外插设备6接入容易引起板上电路5断电，导致服务器宕机或无法开机的问题，提高了板上电路5的供电可靠性。
在上述实施例的基础上：
请参照图3，图3为本申请提供的另一种过流保护方法的流程图。
作为一种可选的实施例，保持控制保护模块3断开之前，还包括：
S11：判断控制保护模块3闭合的次数i是否为N，若控制保护模块3闭合的次数i为N，进入S12；若控制保护模块3闭合的次数i不为N，进入S13；N为不小于2的整数，i为不大于N的整数；
S12：进入S25并将i清零；
S13：控制保护模块3闭合并令i＝i+1；
S14：判断是否重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，若重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，进入S15，若未重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，进入S17；
S15：控制保护模块断开；
S16：在第三预设时长内保持输出第一使能信号至DC-DC转换模块2，并进入S11，第三预设时长大于第一预设时长；
S17：保持控制保护模块3闭合并将i清零。
本申请中，为了尽可能地在保证板上电路5正常工作的前提下还保证呈容性的外插设备6也能够顺利接入，在保持控制保护模块3断开之前，首先判断控制保护模块3闭合的次数i是否为N，若控制保护模块3闭合的次数i为N，则说明该外插设备6在能接受的时间范围内不能顺利接入到服务器中，则进入S25并将i清零，以备下一次计数使用；若控制保护模块3闭合的次数i不为N，则继续尝试接入该外插设备6，控制保护模块3闭合并令i＝i+1，以使DC-DC转换模块2为外插设备6充电，随后判断是否重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，若重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，说明该外插设备6的接入再次触发了DC-DC转换模块2的OCP保护，则先控制保护模块3断开，在大于第一预设时长的第三预设时长内保持输出第一使能信号至DC-DC转换模块 2，以恢复DC-DC转换模块2的正常输出，并返回S11步骤；若未重新接收到DC-DC转换模块2发送的表征DC-DC转换模块2的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，则说明该外插设备6已经顺利接入，DC-DC转换模块2可以实现对其供电，则保持控制保护模块3闭合并将i清零，以备下一次计数使用。
具体的，这里的N为存储器中预先存储的充电次数阈值，本申请在此对N的数值大小不作特别的限定，根据实际需求来定。
可见，通过这种方式可以将对呈容性的外插设备6的一次充电过程拆分成多次充电过程，在优先维持对板上电路5的供电的情况下，尽可能地保证了呈容性的外插设备6也能够顺利接入，且通过调整N的大小，该方式可以支持一些在接入瞬间会产生较大瞬时尖峰电流的外插设备6的接入。
作为一种可选的实施例，保持控制保护模块3闭合之后，还包括：
将供电电路中不存在过流的结果保存至存储器。
本申请中，为了记录该外插设备6接入后对其进行多次充电的充电结果，处理器1在保持控制保护模块3闭合之后，说明此时该外插设备6已经正常接入，将供电电路中不存在过流的结果保存至存储器。可见该方法能够记录该外插设备6接入后经过多次充电能够正常接入的充电结果，方便用户后续查看。
作为一种可选的实施例，判断控制保护模块3闭合的次数i等于N之后，还包括：
将供电电路中存在过流的结果保存至存储器。
本申请中，为了获取该外插设备6接入后对其进行多次充电的充电结果以便进一步动作，处理器1在判断控制保护模块3闭合次数i等于N时，说明该外插设备6不能正常接入，将供电电路中存在过流的结果保存至存储器，以便进一步动作。
此外，这里的进一步动作可以为提示用户将该外插设备6拔出，本申请在此不作特别的限定。
可见，通过这种方法可以记录该外插设备6不能正常接入会导致供电电路过流的结果，以便于后续处理器1进一步动作。
作为一种可选的实施例，该过流保护方法还包括：
接收保护模块3在自身所在供电支路上的电流超过过流保护阈值第二预设时长后断开时发送的过流保护信号，并将过流保护信号存储至存储器。
本实施例中，为了获取保护模块3的保护动作以便后续根据需要再采取其他保护措施，保护模块3在因所在供电支路上的电流超过过流保护阈值第二预设时长后断开时，会向处理器1发送过流保护信号，处理器1在接收到该第二保护信号后会将其存储至存储器，记录此次保护模块3的保护事件。
此外，这里的过流保护信号可以为高电平的电平信号等能够表征保护模块处发生过流保护事件的信号，本申请在此不作特别的限定。
可见，通过这种方式可以实现对保护模块保护事件的记录，也便于后续根据需要再采取进一步的保护措施。
请参照图4，图4为本申请提供的另一种供电电路的结构示意图。
作为一种可选的实施例，DC-DC转换模块2的OCP值调节引脚与初始电阻R6连接；
供电电路还包括：
与DC-DC转换模块2的调节引脚连接的可调电阻8；
DC-DC转换模块2还用于基于初始电阻R6及可调电阻8确定OCP值。
本实施例中，考虑到针对外插设备6接入时未触发保护模块3保护且仅触发DC-DC转换模块2的OCP保护的情况，可以提高DC-DC保护模块3的OCP值使得DC-DC转换模块2能够继续为该外插设备6及板上电路5供电，现有技术中为了提高DC-DC保护模块3的OCP值，将该供电电路返厂以更换与DC-DC转换模块2的OCP值调节引脚连接的初始电阻R6，但该方法操作复杂，不方便用户使用且返厂调整为用户带来了额外的物流成本，而且对于某些大型服务器中的供电电路来说很可能无法实现这种返厂调整的方法。为解决上述技术问题，本申请中，该供电电路中还设置有与DC-DC转换模块2的调节引脚连接的可调电阻8，使得DC-DC转换模块2还可以基于初始电阻R6及可调电阻8确定OCP值。
需要说明的是，这里的可调电阻8与初始电阻R6的等效电阻可以用于提高DC-DC转换模块的OCP值，也可以用于减小DC-DC转换模块2的OCP值，本申请在此不作特别的限定，根据用户的实际需要来定。
可见，通过这种方式，针对需要调节DC-DC转换模块2的OCP值的情况，不需要将供电电路返厂调节初始电阻R6的阻值，基于初始电阻R6与可调电阻8即可实现根据用户的实际需要调节DC-DC转换模块2的OCP值，且该方法实现简单，方便用户操作，适用性及实用性更强。
作为一种可选的实施例，可调电阻8包括第一可控开关81及第一调节电阻R5；第一调节电阻R5的一端与DC-DC转换模块2的OCP值调节引脚连接，第一调节电阻R5的另一端与第一可控开关81的第一端连接；
第一可控开关81的第二端接地，第一可控开关81的控制端与外插接口4连接，用于在外插接口4接入外插设备6时导通；
第一调节电阻R5和初始电阻R6的等效电阻与OCP值呈负相关。
本实施例中，考虑到针对外插设备6接入时未触发保护模块3保护且仅触发DC-DC转换模块2的OCP保护的情况，可以提高DC-DC保护模块3的OCP值使得DC-DC转换模块2能够继续为该外插设备6及板上电路5供电。为了自适应地提高该OCP值，可调电阻8可以设置为包括第一可控开关81和第一调节电阻R5，第一调节电阻R5和初始电阻R6的等效电阻与OCP值呈负相关，在未有外插设备6接入外插接口4时，第一可控开关81断开，第一调节电阻R5未接入，此时该等效电阻的阻值即为初始电阻R6的阻值；在外插设备6接入外插接口4时，第一可控开关81导通使得第一调节电阻R5接入，此时，该等效电阻的阻值为第一调节电阻R5及初始电阻R6并联后的等效电阻，相较于未有外插设备6接入外插接口4时的等效电阻的阻值更小，使得DC-DC转换模块2的OCP值提高。
需要说明的是，这里的第一可控开关81可以为MOSFET等任何可控的开关器件，本申请在此不作特别的限定，根据实际需求来定。具体的，当第一可控开关81包括如图4所示的PMOS(Positive Channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor，P沟道MOSFET)811时，此时PMOS811的源极作为第一可控开关81的第一端，PMOS811的漏极作为第一可控开关81的第二端，PMOS811的栅极作为第一可控开关81的控制端，在外插接口4接入外插设备6时PMOS811导通。此外，为了防止流经PMOS811的栅极的电流过大而烧坏该器件，可以在PMOS811的栅极所在支路上设置第一限流电阻R4，本申请在此不作特别的限定。
可见，通过这种方式可以在外插设备6接入外插接口4时自适应地提高DC-DC转换模块2的OCP值，减少了触发DC-DC转换模块2的OCP保护的概率，且该方法简单易实现，自动化程度高。
作为一种可选的实施例，可调电阻8包括第二可控开关82及第二调节电阻R3；第二调节电阻R3的一端与DC-DC转换模块2的OCP值调节引脚连接，第二调节电阻R3的另一端与第二可控开关82的第一端连接；第二调节电阻R3和初始电阻R6的等效电阻的阻 值与OCP值的大小呈负相关；第二可控开关82的第二端接地，第二可控开关82的控制端与处理器1的OCP值调节引脚连接；
该过流保护方法还包括：
在接收到开关导通指令时发送第二使能信号至第二可控开关82，以控制第二可控开关82导通。
本实施例中，考虑到针对外插设备6接入时未触发保护模块3保护且仅触发DC-DC转换模块2的OCP保护的情况，可以提高DC-DC保护模块3的OCP值使得DC-DC转换模块2能够继续为该外插设备6及板上电路5供电。为了提高该OCP值，可调电阻8可以设置为包括第二可控开关82和第二调节电阻R3，第二调节电阻R3和初始电阻R6的等效电阻与OCP值呈负相关。
具体的，当处理器1未接收到开关导通指令时，第二可控开关82断开，第二调节电阻R3未接入，此时该等效电阻的阻值即为初始电阻R6的阻值；当处理器1接收到开关导通指令时，发送第二使能信号至第二可控开关82以控制第二可控开关82导通，第二调节电阻R3接入，此时，该等效电阻的阻值为第二调节电阻R3及初始电阻R6并联后的等效电阻，该等效电阻的阻值相较于处理器1未接收到开关导通指令时的等效电阻的阻值更小，使得DC-DC转换模块2的OCP值提高。
需要说明的是，这里的开关导通指令可以为用户根据实际需要按下调节按键发送给处理器1的开关导通指令，本申请在此不作特别的限定。
还需要说明的是，这里的第二可控开关82可以为MOSFET等任何可控的开关器件，本申请在此不作特别的限定，根据实际需求来定。具体的，当第二可控开关82包括如图4所示的NMOS(Negative Channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor，N沟道MOSFET)821时，此时NMOS821的漏极作为第二可控开关82的第一端，NMOS821的源极作为第二可控开关82的第二端，NMOS821的栅极作为第二可控开关82的控制端，NMOS821在其栅极接收到处理器1发送的第二使能信号时导通。当然，为了防止流经NMOS821的栅极的电流过大而烧坏该器件，可以在NMOS821的栅极所在支路上设置第二限流电阻R1；此外，为了实现对NMOS821的栅极及源极之间的电压钳位以保证NMOS821的正常工作和及时泄放NMOS821的栅极存储的电荷以避免NMOS821误动作而被损坏，可以在NMOS821的栅极和源极之间设置钳位电阻R2，本申请在此不作特别的限定。
可见，通过这种方式可以在接收到开关导通指令时提高DC-DC转换模块2的OCP值，减少了触发DC-DC转换模块2的OCP保护的概率，且该方法简单易实现，方便用户使用。
请参照图5，图5为本申请提供的一种过流保护装置的结构示意图。
该过流保护装置，包括：
存储器9，用于存储计算机程序；
处理器1，用于执行所述计算机程序时实现如上述所述的过流保护方法的步骤。
对于本申请中提供的过流保护装置的介绍请参照上述过流保护方法的实施例，此处不再赘述。
请参照图6，图6为本申请提供的另一种供电电路的结构示意图。
该供电电路包括DC-DC转换模块2、保护模块3及外插接口4，还包括如上述所述的过流保护装置10；
DC-DC转换模块2分别与板上电路5、处理器1及保护模块3连接，用于为板上电路5供电及通过保护模块3为与外插接口4连接的外插设备6供电，在自身的输出电流超过OCP值时，关断自身的输出并经过第一预设时长后恢复输出；保护模块3通过外插接口4与外插设备6连接，用于在自身供电支路上的电流超过过流保护阈值第二预设时长后断开。
对于本申请中提供的供电电路的介绍请参照上述过流保护方法的实施例，此处不再赘述。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
还需要说明的是，在本说明书中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或 者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其他实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种过流保护方法，其特征在于，应用于供电电路中的处理器，所述供电电路还包括DC-DC转换模块、保护模块及外插接口；所述DC-DC转换模块分别与板上电路、所述处理器及所述保护模块连接，用于为所述板上电路供电及通过所述保护模块为与所述外插接口连接的外插设备供电，在自身的输出电流超过OCP值时，关断自身的输出并经过第一预设时长后恢复输出；所述保护模块通过所述外插接口与所述外插设备连接，用于在自身供电支路上的电流超过过流保护阈值第二预设时长后断开；
    所述过流保护方法包括：
    接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号时，控制所述保护模块断开；
    在第三预设时长内保持输出第一使能信号至所述DC-DC转换模块，所述第三预设时长大于所述第一预设时长；
    经过所述第一预设时长后判断是否重新接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号；
    若重新接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，控制所述DC-DC转换模块关闭；
    若未重新接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，保持控制所述保护模块断开。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的过流保护方法，其特征在于，保持控制所述保护模块断开之前，还包括：
    S11：判断控制所述保护模块闭合的次数i是否为N，若控制所述保护模块闭合的次数i为N，进入S12；若控制所述保护模块闭合的次数i不为N，进入S13；N为不小于2的整数，i为不大于N的整数；
    S12：进入保持控制所述保护模块断开的步骤并将i清零；
    S13：控制所述保护模块闭合并令i＝i+1；
    S14：判断是否重新接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，若重新接收到所述DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，进入S15，若未重新接收到所述 DC-DC转换模块发送的表征所述DC-DC转换模块的输出电流超过OCP值的过流信号，进入S17；
    S15：控制所述保护模块断开；
    S16：在第三预设时长内保持输出第一使能信号至所述DC-DC转换模块，并进入S11，所述第三预设时长大于所述第一预设时长；
    S17：保持控制所述保护模块闭合并将i清零。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的过流保护方法，其特征在于，保持控制所述保护模块闭合之后，还包括：
    将所述供电电路中不存在过流的结果保存至存储器。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的过流保护方法，其特征在于，判断控制所述保护模块闭合的次数i等于N之后，还包括：
    将所述供电电路中存在过流的结果保存至存储器。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的过流保护方法，其特征在于，所述过流保护方法还包括：
    接收所述保护模块在自身所在供电支路上的电流超过过流保护阈值第二预设时长后断开时发送的过流保护信号，并将所述过流保护信号存储至存储器。
  6. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的过流保护方法，其特征在于，所述DC-DC转换模块的OCP值调节引脚与初始电阻连接；
    所述供电电路还包括：
    与所述DC-DC转换模块的调节引脚连接的可调电阻；
    所述DC-DC转换模块还用于基于所述初始电阻及所述可调电阻确定所述OCP值。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的过流保护方法，其特征在于，所述可调电阻包括第一可控开关及第一调节电阻；所述第一调节电阻的一端与所述DC-DC转换模块的OCP值调节引脚连接，所述第一调节电阻的另一端与所述第一可控开关的第一端连接；
    所述第一可控开关的第二端接地，所述第一可控开关的控制端与所述外插接口连接，用于在所述外插接口接入所述外插设备时导通；
    所述第一调节电阻和所述初始电阻的等效电阻与所述OCP值呈负相关。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的过流保护方法，其特征在于，所述可调电阻包括第二可控开关及第二调节电阻；所述第二调节电阻的一端与所述DC-DC转换模块的OCP值调节引脚连接，所述第二调节电阻的另一端与所述第二可控开关的第一端连接；所述第二调节电阻 和所述初始电阻的等效电阻的阻值与所述OCP值的大小呈负相关；所述第二可控开关的第二端接地，所述第二可控开关的控制端与所述处理器的OCP值调节引脚连接；
    所述过流保护方法还包括：
    在接收到开关导通指令时发送第二使能信号至所述第二可控开关，以控制所述第二可控开关导通。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的过流保护方法，其特征在于，所述第三预设时长大于所述第一预设时长，以使所述DC-DC转换模块维持对所述板上电路的供电。
  10. 一种过流保护装置，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，用于存储计算机程序；
    处理器，用于执行所述计算机程序时实现如权利要求1至9任一项所述的过流保护方法的步骤。
  11. 一种供电电路，其特征在于，包括DC-DC转换模块、保护模块及外插接口，还包括如权利要求10所述的过流保护装置；
    所述DC-DC转换模块分别与板上电路、所述处理器及所述保护模块连接，用于为所述板上电路供电及通过所述保护模块为与所述外插接口连接的外插设备供电，在自身的输出电流超过OCP值时，关断自身的输出并经过第一预设时长后恢复输出；所述保护模块通过所述外插接口与所述外插设备连接，用于在自身供电支路上的电流超过过流保护阈值第二预设时长后断开。
PCT/CN2022/074610 2021-09-23 2022-01-28 一种过流保护方法、装置及供电电路 Ceased WO2023045201A1 (zh)

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