WO2023040476A1 - 微流控芯片与体外诊断分析设备 - Google Patents

微流控芯片与体外诊断分析设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023040476A1
WO2023040476A1 PCT/CN2022/108219 CN2022108219W WO2023040476A1 WO 2023040476 A1 WO2023040476 A1 WO 2023040476A1 CN 2022108219 W CN2022108219 W CN 2022108219W WO 2023040476 A1 WO2023040476 A1 WO 2023040476A1
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Prior art keywords
chamber
channel
preset
sample
chip body
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PCT/CN2022/108219
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
付满良
常兆华
吴金龙
张劼
罗七一
阎玉川
舒高烽
Original Assignee
上海微创惟微诊断技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023040476A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023040476A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/34—Measuring or testing with condition measuring or sensing means, e.g. colony counters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to microfluidic chips and in vitro diagnostic analysis equipment.
  • In Vitro Diagnosis is the process of obtaining diagnostic information through testing samples, and plays an important role in the fields of human infectious disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment.
  • the in vitro diagnostic process usually involves a series of reaction steps such as extraction, purification, amplification and detection of nucleic acid or protein in the sample.
  • the process of sample processing and testing in the prior art is complicated, and the samples cannot be processed and tested automatically, and the overall testing time is long; the testing process has high requirements for operators, and the accuracy of testing results depends on the professionalism of the operators.
  • a microfluidic chip the microfluidic chip includes:
  • a chip body the chip body is provided with at least two preset chambers connected in sequence, and the adjacent preset chambers are connected through a first communication channel, and the chip body is also provided with a sample inlet and a The exhaust port, the sample inlet and the exhaust port are both connected to the preset chamber at the first place; the chip body is also provided with a sample detection chamber, and the sample detection chamber is connected to the preset chamber at the end The said pre-set chamber communicates;
  • a magnetic bead and a suction assembly the magnetic beads move in all the pre-set chambers under the action of the magnetic device, and the suction assembly communicates with the sample detection chamber.
  • the sample solution is injected into the first preset chamber through the sample inlet, so that the sample solution reacts with the stored reagent in the preset chamber, and the reacted target is carried by the magnetic beads , and borrow the magnetic device to absorb the magnetic beads, move the microfluidic chip or the magnetic device, so that the magnetic beads carry the target object to move to the next preset chamber, and finally enter the last preset chamber, at the end of the preset chamber
  • the target object is obtained in the chamber, and then the suction action is performed by the suction component, so that the target object enters the sample detection chamber, and the amplification and detection operations can be completed in the sample detection chamber.
  • a first guide post is provided on the top surface of the chip body, and the sample inlet is arranged in the first guide post; a first flip cover is also provided on the first guide post , the first flip is used to open or close the injection port.
  • the chip body is provided with a sampling channel, the sampling port communicates with one end of the sampling channel, the sampling port is located on the top surface of the chip body, the The other end of the sampling channel communicates with the pre-set chamber at the first place; a filter element is arranged in the sampling channel.
  • a second guide post is provided on the top surface of the chip body, and the exhaust port is arranged in the second guide post; a second flip cover is also provided on the second guide post , the second flip is used to open or close the exhaust port.
  • the chip body is provided with an exhaust channel, the exhaust port communicates with one end of the exhaust channel, the exhaust port is located on the top surface of the chip body, the The other end of the exhaust passage communicates with the top part of the pre-set chamber located at the first place; a first waterproof and gas-permeable membrane is arranged in the exhaust passage.
  • the pre-set chamber is equipped with processing reagents and mineral oil above the processing reagents;
  • the sample detection chamber is equipped with detection reagents or is in an empty state;
  • at least two of the The preset chamber includes a first preset chamber, a second preset chamber, a third preset chamber and a fourth preset chamber arranged in sequence; the first preset chamber is provided with a reserved space , the second preset chamber, the third preset chamber and the fourth preset chamber are all in a full state.
  • the chip body is further provided with a first switching valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first communication channel;
  • the first switching valve is a phase change valve, a pressure valve, a torque valve or a start valve valve.
  • wall panels are arranged between adjacent preset chambers, the first communication channel is set at the top of the wall panels, and the first on-off valve is set at the first A phase change valve communicating with the channel.
  • the wall of the sample inlet port of the first communication channel is provided with a smooth guide surface, and the wall of the sample outlet port of the first communication channel is provided with a smooth guide surface.
  • the chip body is further provided with a supplementary pressure air inlet, and the supplementary pressure air inlet communicates with the preset chamber located at the end.
  • a third guide post is provided on the top surface of the chip body, and the supplementary pressure air inlet is arranged in the third guide post; a third guide post is also provided on the third guide post. There are three flaps, the third flap is used to open or close the supplementary air inlet.
  • the chip body is provided with an air intake passage, the supplementary pressure air inlet is connected to one end of the air intake passage, and the supplementary pressure air inlet is located on the top of the chip body. On the surface, the other end of the air intake channel communicates with the pre-set chamber at the end.
  • the bottom of the preset chamber located at the end is provided with a tapered channel whose inner diameter gradually decreases along the direction from the top surface of the chip body to the bottom surface of the chip body; the sample The detection chamber communicates with the preset chamber located at the end through a first branch channel, and the tapered channel communicates with the first branch channel.
  • the chip body is further provided with a transition channel between the preset chamber at the end and the sample detection chamber, a main channel and a first branch channel, and the preset chamber at the end
  • a transition channel between the preset chamber at the end and the sample detection chamber, a main channel and a first branch channel, and the preset chamber at the end
  • the bottom of the placement chamber, the transition channel, the main channel, and the first branch channel communicate with the sample detection chamber in sequence
  • the chip body is also provided with a first switch for controlling the on-off of the transition channel.
  • Two on-off valves; the second on-off valve is a phase-change valve, a down-pressure valve, a torque valve or a start-up valve.
  • both the first branch channel and the sample detection chamber are multiple; the first branch channel and the sample detection chamber are set in one-to-one correspondence; all the first branch channels All are connected to the main channel; all the sample detection chambers are respectively connected to the suction assembly through the second branch channel; and/or, the first branch channel and the main channel form an angle a Set, the included angle a is 90° to 150°.
  • the first branch channel includes a first segment and a second segment; the main channel, the first segment and the second segment communicate in sequence; the first segment and the second segment
  • the two sections are both arranged at an included angle with the trunk passage, and the included angle between the first section and the trunk passage is smaller than the included angle between the second section and the trunk passage.
  • first branch channels, several sample detection chambers, and several second branch channels are provided on both sides of the main channel;
  • the first branch channel, the sample detection chamber and the second branch channel provided on one side and the first branch channel, the sample detection chamber and the second branch channel provided on the other side Symmetrically arranged with respect to the trunk channel.
  • the suction assembly includes a vacuum air bag, the vacuum air bag is arranged on the top surface of the chip body, and the other ends of all the second branch flow channels extend to the chip body on the top surface and communicate with the vacuum air bag.
  • the suction assembly further includes a buffer transition piece arranged between the vacuum pumping airbag and the top surface of the chip body, the buffer transition piece is provided with a buffer chamber, and the buffer transition piece is provided with a buffer chamber.
  • the bottom of the chamber communicates with the other ends of the plurality of second branch channels respectively, and the top of the buffer chamber communicates with the vacuum air bag.
  • the in vitro diagnostic analysis device includes the microfluidic chip, the in vitro diagnostic analysis device also includes a magnetic device and a detection device; the magnetic device is used to adsorb the magnetic beads and move the The magnetic beads; the detection device is set corresponding to the sample detection chamber, and is used for optical detection of the sample in the sample detection chamber.
  • the sample liquid is injected into the first preset chamber through the sample inlet, so that the sample liquid reacts with the stored reagent in the preset chamber, and the reacted target is carried by the magnetic beads, and Borrow the magnetic device to absorb the magnetic beads, move the microfluidic chip or the magnetic device, so that the magnetic beads carry the target object to move to the next preset chamber, and finally enter the last preset chamber, and get The target object is then sucked by the suction component, so that the target object enters the sample detection chamber, and the amplification and detection operations can be completed in the sample detection chamber. It can be seen that the microfluidic chip can realize fully automatic detection processing, greatly improve detection efficiency and reduce cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of a microfluidic chip according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another viewing angle of a microfluidic chip according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 is the sectional structural diagram of Fig. 2 at A-A place;
  • Fig. 4 is the sectional structural diagram of Fig. 2 at B-B place;
  • Fig. 5 is the sectional structural diagram of Fig. 2 at C-C place;
  • FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of another viewing angle of a microfluidic chip according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a sectional structure diagram at D-D place of Fig. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional structure diagram at E-E of FIG. 6 .
  • Chip body 111. First preset chamber; 112. Second preset chamber; 113. Third preset chamber; 114. Fourth preset chamber; 1141. Tapered channel; 115. Second A communication channel; 116, the first switching valve; 117, the wallboard; 1171, the smooth guide surface; 118, the transition channel; 121, the sample inlet; 122, the first guide column; Channel; 125, filter element; 131, exhaust port; 132, second guide column; 133, second flip cover; 134, exhaust channel; 135, first waterproof and breathable membrane; 141, first tributary channel; 142, sample detection Chamber; 143, the second branch channel; 144, the main channel; 15, the top surface; 16, the bottom surface; 17, the first film; 184, air intake channel; 19, second film; 20, suction assembly; 21, vacuum air bag; 22, buffer transition piece; 221, buffer chamber;
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural view of a microfluidic chip according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic structural view of another perspective of a microfluidic chip according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional structural view of FIG. 2 at A-A.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a microfluidic chip, the microfluidic chip includes a chip body 10 , magnetic beads (not shown in the figure) and a suction component 20 .
  • the chip body 10 is provided with at least two pre-chambers connected in sequence (for example, refer to the first pre-chamber 111, the second pre-chamber 112, the third pre-chamber 113 and the first pre-chamber 113 shown in FIG. Four preset chambers 114), adjacent preset chambers are connected through the first communication channel 115.
  • the chip body 10 is also provided with a sample inlet 121 and an exhaust port 131, and the sample inlet 121 and the exhaust port 131 are all connected to the first preset chamber (see, for example, the first preset chamber in Fig. 3 ). Chamber 111) communicates.
  • FIG. 6 shows another schematic view of the structure of the microfluidic chip according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 7 shows the cross-sectional structural diagram of Fig. 6 at D-D (for The channel structure is clearly shown, so the hatching in Fig. 7 is omitted).
  • a sample detection chamber 142 is also provided on the chip body 10 , and the sample detection chamber 142 communicates with the preset chamber located at the end (for example, refer to the fourth preset chamber 114 in FIG. 3 ). Magnetic beads can move in all preset chambers under the action of magnetic device.
  • the suction assembly 20 communicates with the sample detection chamber 142 .
  • the sample liquid is injected into the first preset chamber through the sample inlet 121, so that the sample liquid reacts with the stored reagents in the preset chamber, and the reacted target is carried by the magnetic beads.
  • object and borrow the magnetic device to absorb the magnetic beads, move the microfluidic chip or the magnetic device, so that the magnetic beads carry the target object to move to the next preset chamber, and finally enter the last preset chamber.
  • the chamber gets the target object, and then performs a suction action through the suction assembly 20, so that the target object enters the sample detection chamber 142 through the first branch flow channel 141, and the amplification and detection operations can be completed in the sample detection chamber 142 .
  • the microfluidic chip can realize fully automatic detection processing, which can greatly improve the detection efficiency and reduce the cost.
  • the at least two pre-chambers are specifically, for example, the first pre-chamber 111 , the second pre-chamber 112 , and the third pre-chamber 113 according to the sequence of sample processing.
  • the fourth preset chamber 114 the first preset chamber is the first preset chamber 111
  • the last preset chamber is the fourth preset chamber 114 .
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional structure diagram at B-B of Fig. 2 .
  • a first guiding post 122 is disposed on the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 .
  • the sample inlet 121 is disposed in the first guide column 122 .
  • a first flip cover 123 is also disposed on the first guide post 122 .
  • the first flip cover 123 is used to open or close the injection port 121 . In this way, when the first flip cover 123 is opened, the aspirated sample solution can be injected into the sample inlet 121 of the first guide column 122 by means of a pipette gun or a dropper, and then passed into the preset chamber through the sample inlet 121 .
  • the sample inlet 121 is closed by the first flip cover 123 , and the first flip cover 123 tightly covers the sample inlet 121 , so the airtightness is better.
  • the first guide post 122 may also be omitted, that is, the sample inlet 121 is directly formed on the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 .
  • the first flip cover 123 can be rotatably and openly arranged on the end surface of the first guide post 122, can also be detachably arranged on the end surface of the first guide post 122, and can also be arranged in other ways, here Not limited.
  • first guide post 122 can be "a part of the chip body 10", that is, the “first guide post 122” is integrally formed with “other parts of the chip body 10"; An independent component that can be separated from other parts of the chip body 10 , that is, the “first guide post 122 ” can be manufactured independently, and then combined with the “other parts of the chip body 10 ” to form a whole. As shown in FIG. 4 , in one embodiment, the “first guide post 122 ” is a part of the “chip body 10 ” integrally formed.
  • the chip body 10 is provided with a sampling channel 124 .
  • the sampling port 121 communicates with one end of the sampling channel 124 , the sampling port 121 is located on the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 , and the other end of the sampling channel 124 communicates with the first pre-set chamber.
  • a filter element 125 is disposed in the sampling channel 124 . In this way, when the sample liquid is injected through the sample inlet 121, the sample liquid enters into the first preset chamber through the sample injection channel 124, and when the sample liquid passes through the filter element 125, the filter element 125 filters the sample liquid and can filter out Large-volume impurities in the sample liquid to achieve physical purification of the sample liquid.
  • the other end of the sampling channel 124 is specifically, for example, disposed at the bottom of the pre-set chamber. In this way, the undesirable phenomenon that bubbles are easily formed due to the tension of the liquid and the inner wall of the preset chamber and cannot be discharged outside can be avoided as much as possible, thereby ensuring the extraction effect.
  • the other end of the sampling channel 124 can also be specifically arranged, for example, at the middle part, the top part or other parts of the pre-set chamber, which is not limited here.
  • a second guide post 132 is disposed on the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 , and the exhaust port 131 is disposed in the second guide post 132 .
  • the second guide column 132 is further provided with a second flip cover 133 , and the second flip cover 133 is used to open or close the exhaust port 131 .
  • the second flip cover 133 is opened, so that when the sample liquid is injected into the first preset chamber through the sample inlet 121, the first preset chamber The gas in the pre-set chamber is simultaneously discharged outward through the exhaust port 131, thereby ensuring that the sample liquid is smoothly injected into the first pre-set chamber through the sample inlet 121.
  • the exhaust port 131 is closed by the second flip cover 133 , and the second flip cover 133 tightly covers the exhaust port 131 , so the airtightness is better.
  • the second guide post 132 may also be omitted, that is, the exhaust port 131 is directly formed on the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 .
  • the second flip cover 133 can be rotatably and openly arranged on the end surface of the second guide post 132, or can be detachably arranged on the end surface of the second guide post 132, or can be arranged in other ways, here Not limited.
  • the “second guide post 132" can be "a part of the chip body 10", that is, the “second guide post 132" is integrally formed with “other parts of the chip body 10"; An independent component that can be separated from other parts of the chip body 10 , that is, the “second guide post 132 ” can be manufactured independently, and then combined with the “other parts of the chip body 10 ” to form a whole. As shown in FIG. 4 , in one embodiment, the “second guide post 132 ” is a part of the “chip body 10 ” integrally formed.
  • the chip body 10 is provided with an exhaust channel 134 .
  • the exhaust port 131 communicates with one end of the exhaust channel 134 , and the exhaust port 131 is located on the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 .
  • the other end of the exhaust channel 134 communicates with the top portion of the first pre-chamber.
  • a first waterproof and gas-permeable membrane 135 is disposed in the exhaust channel 134 .
  • the gas in the exhaust passage 134 can be discharged outside through the first waterproof and gas-permeable membrane 135 , so that the air pressure balance inside the pre-set chamber can be maintained, and the liquid will not flow out with the gas.
  • the first waterproof and gas-permeable membrane 135 can prevent moisture from entering the preset chamber through the exhaust channel 134 .
  • the pre-chamber is provided with a treatment reagent (not shown) and mineral oil (not shown) above the treatment reagent.
  • the sample detection chamber 142 is equipped with a detection reagent or is in an empty state.
  • the mineral oil has a lower density than the processing reagent, it will be located above the processing reagent, thereby sealing the processing reagent and preventing the processing reagents in adjacent preset chambers from interfering with each other.
  • the microfluidic chip reduces the demand for internal mechanical partition parts of the instrument, and at the same time ensures the efficiency of sample processing, further reducing the cost of use.
  • processing reagents installed in at least two pre-chambers can be the same or different, and are set according to actual conditions, and are not limited here.
  • the processing reagents can be, for example, a mixture of lysate and magnetic beads, the first Cleaning solution, second cleaning solution, eluent, magnetic-labeled primary antibody, enzyme-labeled secondary antibody or substrate luminescence solution, etc.
  • a detection reagent can be installed in the sample detection chamber 142, and the detection reagent can be set according to the actual situation, which is not limited here.
  • the detection reagents may be, for example, freeze-dried PCR reagents, or other types of detection reagents, which are not limited here and can be set according to actual needs.
  • the sample detection chamber 142 can also be set to an empty state according to requirements, that is, no detection reagent is installed.
  • At least two pre-chambers include a first pre-chamber 111, a second pre-chamber 112, a third pre-chamber 113 and a fourth pre-chamber 113 which are connected in sequence.
  • the first preset chamber 111 has a reserved space, and the second preset chamber 112 , the third preset chamber 113 and the fourth preset chamber 114 are all in a full state.
  • the first preset chamber 111 has a reserved space, that is, the first preset chamber 111 is not filled with processing reagents and mineral oil, so that accommodating space can be reserved for the sample liquid to be added, and the sample liquid can be passed through
  • the sample inlet 121 is injected into the first pre-chamber 111
  • the sample liquid passes through the mineral oil and mixes with the processing reagent under the action of its own gravity.
  • the second pre-chamber 112 , the third pre-chamber 113 and the fourth pre-chamber 114 are all in a full state, that is, filled with processing reagents and mineral oil.
  • the first preset chamber 111 is, for example, equipped with a mixture of lysate and magnetic beads
  • the second preset chamber 111 is
  • the chamber 112 is for example equipped with a first cleaning solution
  • the third pre-chamber 113 is for example a second cleaning solution
  • the fourth pre-chamber 114 is for example an eluent
  • the sample detection chamber 142 is for example a freeze-drying chamber. PCR reagents.
  • the first preset chamber 111 is, for example, equipped with a magnetic-labeled primary antibody
  • the second preset chamber 112 is, for example, equipped with an enzyme-labeled secondary antibody
  • the third preset chamber 112 is equipped with an enzyme-labeled secondary antibody.
  • the chamber 113 is, for example, installed with a cleaning solution
  • the fourth pre-set chamber 114 is, for example, installed with a substrate luminescent liquid
  • the sample detection chamber 142 is, for example, in an empty state.
  • pre-chambers are not limited to the first pre-chamber 111, the second pre-chamber 112, the third pre-chamber 113 and the fourth pre-chamber 114 mentioned above, and may also be Two, three, five, six, etc. are set according to actual needs, and are not limited here.
  • the chip body 10 is further provided with a first switching valve 116 for controlling the opening and closing of the first communication channel 115 .
  • the first switch valve 116 is a phase change valve, a down pressure valve, a torque valve or an actuation valve.
  • there are three first communication passages 115 there are three first on-off valves 116 correspondingly, and the three first on-off valves 116 correspond to the three first communication passages 115 one by one.
  • a wallboard 117 is arranged between adjacent preset chambers, the first communication channel 115 is arranged on the top part of the wallboard 117, and the first on-off valve 116 is arranged on the first communication channel.
  • Phase change valve for channel 115 In this way, when it is necessary to transfer the magnetic beads from one of the preset chambers to another preset chamber, the phase change valve is opened by heating the phase change valve, and then the magnetic beads are adsorbed by the magnetic device to remove the magnetic beads from the preset chamber.
  • the bottom surface 16 of the bottom surface 16 moves to the top part of the preset chamber, and then the microfluidic chip or the magnetic device moves laterally, which can drive the magnetic beads to move through the first communication channel 115 and enter the top part of another preset chamber; Then remove or close the magnetic device, the magnetic beads lose the magnetic force of the magnetic device, and fall to the bottom of another preset chamber under the action of their own gravity, which completes the transfer of the magnetic beads from one of the preset chambers Operation to another preset chamber.
  • the isolation and opening of the magnetic bead transfer channel is realized through the phase change valve, which greatly reduces the mechanical parts of the microfluidic chip that need to move relatively, and reduces the cost of using the chip and the risk of liquid leakage during the process. In turn, the complexity of the microfluidic chip and supporting instruments is reduced, and the cost is greatly reduced.
  • At least two preset chambers are arranged in a straight line, so that the movement along the same direction can realize the sequential transfer of magnetic beads in at least two preset chambers, the operation is relatively simple, and the diagnosis and analysis can be simplified
  • the driver structure of the device is relatively simple, and the diagnosis and analysis can be simplified.
  • the phase change valve is a solid-liquid phase change valve.
  • the solid-liquid phase change valve is specifically, for example, medical No. 50 paraffin wax, synthetic wax, animal fat, natural wax, etc., which are not limited here.
  • the phase-change valve is in a solid form, the first communication channel 115 is cut off, which can prevent the mixing of the processing reagents in different preset chambers during the transportation process;
  • One preset chamber is transferred to another preset chamber through the first communication channel 115 , and the phase change valve in liquid form can also function as a lubricant to facilitate the passage of magnetic beads.
  • the wall of the sample inlet port of the first communication channel 115 is provided with a smooth guide surface 1171
  • the wall of the sample outlet port of the first communication channel 115 is also provided with a smooth guide surface 1171 .
  • the smooth guide surface 1171 is an arc-shaped surface, the diameter of the sample inlet end gradually decreases along the moving direction of the magnetic beads, and the diameter of the sample outlet end gradually increases along the moving direction of the magnetic beads.
  • the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 is provided with at least two preset cavities
  • the first recess corresponding to the first communication channel 115 and the first membrane 17 are located in the chamber.
  • the first film 17 and the first recess form at least two pre-chambers and the first communication channel 115 .
  • the first film 17 is specifically a polycarbonate film with a thickness of, for example, 100 ⁇ m, and films of other materials and thicknesses can also be selected, which is not limited here.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional structure diagram at C-C of FIG. 2 .
  • the chip body 10 is further provided with a supplementary pressure air inlet 181 , and the supplementary pressure air inlet 181 communicates with the preset chamber located at the end.
  • a third guide column 182 is disposed on the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 , and the supplementary air inlet 181 is disposed in the third guide column 182 .
  • a third flip cover 183 is also provided on the third guide post 182 , and the third flip cover 183 is used to open or close the supplementary air inlet 181 .
  • the third flip cover 183 when transferring the sample liquid to the sample detection chamber 142, the third flip cover 183 is in an open state, and the last preset chamber is pressurized
  • the air inlet 181 communicates with the external environment, and the sample liquid is transferred from the pre-set chamber to the sample detection chamber 142 under the action of the suction device.
  • the third flip cover 183 can close the supplementary pressure air inlet 181 to ensure the sealing of the preset chamber.
  • the third guide post 182 may also be omitted, that is, the supplementary air inlet 181 is directly formed on the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 .
  • the third flip cover 183 can be rotatably and openly arranged on the end surface of the third guide post 182, can also be detachably arranged on the end surface of the third guide post 182, and can also be arranged in other ways, here Not limited.
  • the "third guide post 182" can be “a part of the chip body 10", that is, the “third guide post 182” is integrally formed with “other parts of the chip body 10"; An independent component that can be separated from other parts of the chip body 10 , that is, the “third guide post 182 ” can be manufactured independently, and then combined with “other parts of the chip body 10 ” to form a whole. As shown in FIG. 5 , in one embodiment, the “third guide post 182 ” is a part of the “chip body 10 ” integrally formed.
  • the chip body 10 is provided with an air intake passage 184, and the supplementary pressure air inlet 181 communicates with one end of the air intake passage 184.
  • the supplementary pressure air inlet 181 is located on the chip body.
  • the top surface 15 of 10, the other end of air inlet channel 184 communicates with the preset chamber that is positioned at the end.
  • a second waterproof and breathable membrane is provided inside the air intake channel 184 .
  • the bottom of the last pre-chamber is provided with a tapered channel 1141 whose inner diameter gradually decreases along the direction from the top surface of the chip body 10 to the bottom surface of the chip body 10 .
  • the sample detection chamber 142 communicates with the pre-set chamber located at the end through the first branch channel 141 .
  • the tapering channel 1141 communicates with the first branch channel 141 . In this way, the tapered channel 1141 can facilitate the complete discharge of the sample liquid in the last preset chamber into the sample detection chamber 142 , reducing the residual amount of sample liquid in the last preset chamber.
  • the chip body 10 is further provided with a transition channel 118 , a main channel 144 and a first branch channel 141 between the last preset chamber and the sample detection chamber 142 .
  • the transition channel 118 is integrated with the main channel 144 and can also be regarded as the same channel.
  • the cross section of the transition channel 118 perpendicular to its flow direction is a rectangular surface.
  • the ratio range of the height to the width of the rectangular surface is specifically, for example, 1:1 ⁇ 2:1.
  • the rectangular surface can reduce the frictional pressure drop, and the processing difficulty is low, and the processing consistency is better; the control of the aspect ratio can further ensure the flow effect.
  • the cross section of the first communicating channel 115 along the direction perpendicular to its flow direction can also be set as a rectangular surface.
  • the chip body 10 is further provided with a second switching valve for controlling the switching of the transition channel 118 .
  • the second switch valve is a phase change valve, a down pressure valve, a torque valve or a starting valve.
  • first branch channels 141 and sample detection chambers 142 there are multiple first branch channels 141 and sample detection chambers 142 .
  • the first branch channel 141 is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the sample detection chamber 142 . All the first branch channels 141 communicate with the main channel 144 . All the sample detection chambers 142 communicate with the suction assembly 20 through the second branch channel 143 respectively.
  • the inlet of the sample detection chamber 142 is tapered along the flow direction of the liquid, and the outlet of the sample detection chamber 142 is tapered along the flow direction of the liquid.
  • the first branch channel 141 and the main channel 144 are arranged at an included angle a, and the included angle a is 90° to 150°.
  • the included angle a is, for example, 120°, 130°, 135°, 140° and so on. In this way, the shape resistance pressure drop of the flow channel is reduced, that is, the resistance of the sample liquid flowing from the main channel 144 into the first branch channel 141 can be reduced, so that the sample liquid in the pre-set chamber can be transferred to the first branch channel 141 more easily.
  • the sample detection chamber 142 Inside the sample detection chamber 142 .
  • first branch channel 141 includes a first segment and a second segment.
  • the trunk channel 144, the first section and the second section communicate in sequence. Both the first section and the second section form an included angle with the main channel 144 , and the included angle between the first section and the main channel 144 is smaller than the included angle between the second section and the main channel 144 . In this way, the layout is more compact and the chip size is reduced; the liquid in the sample detection chamber 142 is prevented from flowing back into the trunk channel 144 .
  • first branch flow channels 141, several sample detection chambers 142 and several second branch flow channels 143 are provided on both sides of the main channel 144, and the first branch flow channels 143 on the same side
  • the branch channel 141 , the sample detection chamber 142 and the second branch channel 143 are connected in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the first branch channel 141, the sample detection chamber 142 and the second branch channel 143 arranged on one side of the main channel 144 are respectively the first branch channel 141, the sample detection chamber 142 and the second branch channel 143 arranged on the other side.
  • the arrangement is symmetrical about the trunk channel 144 .
  • Such an arrangement at least has the following technical effects: the space can be fully utilized, the volume of the microfluidic chip can be reduced, and the detection efficiency can be improved.
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional structure diagram at E-E of FIG. 6 .
  • the suction assembly 20 includes a vacuum bladder 21 .
  • the vacuum airbags 21 are disposed on the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 , and the vacuum airbags 21 communicate with the other ends of the plurality of second branch channels 143 respectively.
  • the evacuated airbag 21 is used as the driving source, which reduces the need for the microfluidic chip to externally drive pumps and other components, thereby reducing the complexity of the microfluidic chip and supporting instruments, and greatly reducing the cost.
  • the suction assembly 20 further includes a buffer transition piece 22 disposed between the vacuum air bag 21 and the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 .
  • the buffer transition piece 22 is provided with a buffer chamber 221 , the bottom of the buffer chamber 221 communicates with the other ends of the plurality of second branch channels 143 , and the top of the buffer chamber 221 communicates with the vacuum air bag 21 .
  • the top area of the buffer chamber 221 is provided with a third waterproof and breathable membrane 222 .
  • the other ends of the plurality of second branch channels 143 are collectively arranged together, so that the size of the opening area of the buffer chamber 221 can be reduced, and the vacuum air bag 21 can be easily applied to each second branch channel. 143, the suction effect is better.
  • the "buffer transition piece 22" can be “a part of the chip body 10", that is, the “buffer transition piece 22" is integrally formed with “other parts of the chip body 10"; An independent component that can be separated from other parts of the chip body 10, that is, the “buffering transition piece 22" can be manufactured independently, and then combined with the "other parts of the chip body 10" into a whole. As shown in FIG. 3 , in one embodiment, the "buffer transition piece 22" is a part of the "chip body 10" integrally formed.
  • the transition channel 118, the main channel 144, the first branch channel 141, the sample detection chamber 142 and the second branch channel 143 on the chip body 10 further, the chip body 10
  • a second recess corresponding to the transition channel 118 , the main channel 144 , the first branch channel 141 , the sample detection chamber 142 and the second branch channel 143 , and a second film 19 are provided on the bottom surface 16 of the bottom surface 16 .
  • the second thin film 19 and the second recess form the transition channel 118 , the main channel 144 , the first branch channel 141 , the sample detection chamber 142 and the second branch channel 143 .
  • the second film 19 is specifically a polycarbonate film with a thickness of, for example, 100 ⁇ m, and films of other materials may also be selected, which is not limited here.
  • the thickness of the part where the pre-chamber is set on the chip body 10 (as shown in D1 in FIG.
  • the thickness of the cavity 142 and the second branch channel 143 (D2 in FIG. 3 ), so that the overall structure of the chip body 10 is similar to a step shape, and the suction assembly 20 can be arranged on the step surface, so that the overall volume is smaller.
  • an in vitro diagnostic analysis device includes the microfluidic chip of any of the above embodiments, and the in vitro diagnostic analysis device further includes a magnetic device and a detection device.
  • a magnetic device is used to attract and move the magnetic beads.
  • the detection equipment is arranged corresponding to the sample detection chamber, and is used for optical detection of the samples in the sample detection chamber.
  • the sample liquid is injected into the first preset chamber through the sample inlet 121, so that the sample liquid reacts with the stored reagents in the preset chamber, and the reacted target is carried by the magnetic beads, And borrow the magnetic device to absorb the magnetic beads, move the microfluidic chip or the magnetic device, so that the magnetic beads carry the target object to move to the next preset chamber, and finally enter the last preset chamber, and then carry out the process through the suction component 20.
  • the target object is obtained in the last preset chamber, so that the target object enters the sample detection chamber 142 through the first branch flow channel 141 , and the amplification and detection operations can be completed in the sample detection chamber 142 . It can be seen from this that fully automated detection and processing can be realized, which can greatly improve detection efficiency and reduce costs.
  • the first preset chamber 111 for example, is equipped with lysate and The magnetic bead mixture
  • the second pre-chamber 112 is for example equipped with the first cleaning solution
  • the third pre-chamber 113 is for example the second cleaning solution
  • the fourth pre-chamber 114 is for example the eluent
  • the detection chamber 142 is, for example, equipped with freeze-dried PCR reagents.
  • the first preset chamber 111 is also provided with a quantitative volume of liquid mineral oil located above the mixture of the lysate and the magnetic beads, and the first preset chamber 111 is not filled.
  • the second pre-chamber 112 , the third pre-chamber 113 and the fourth pre-chamber 114 are also equipped with a certain volume of liquid mineral oil, and they are all in a full state.
  • the user uses a pipette gun or a dropper to suck up the sample solution, opens the first flip cover 123 , the second flip cover 133 and the third flip cover 183 , and inserts the pipette tip into the sample inlet 121 of the first guide column 122 Perform sample injection.
  • the filter element 125 can filter out large-volume impurities in the sample liquid to realize physical purification of the sample liquid.
  • the sample liquid enters the first pre-chamber 111. Since the density is higher than that of mineral oil, the sample liquid passes through the mineral oil and enters the bottom of the first pre-chamber 111 to mix with the lysate and magnetic beads. With the injection of the sample liquid , the mineral oil gradually rises until it is flush with the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 .
  • the magnetic beads are mainly metal oxides, and the hydroxyl, carboxyl and other groups are modified on the surface, which can capture the nucleic acid in the sample liquid and be used as a nucleic acid carrier to carry the nucleic acid and transfer it together.
  • the magnetic bead mixing device inside the instrument can be used to perform operations such as mixing and shaking the liquid to speed up the lysing process.
  • the magnetic adsorption device inside the instrument above the chip body 10 will adsorb the magnetic beads on the top of the chip, and the heating device inside the instrument will change the phase between the first preset chamber 111 and the second preset chamber 112 by heating and increasing the temperature.
  • the shape of the valve changes, and the magnetic beads carrying nucleic acid pass through the phase change valve and the first communication channel 115 from the first preset chamber 111 to the top of the second preset chamber 112 by moving the chip body 10 or the magnetic adsorption device.
  • the magnetic adsorption device above the chip inside the instrument is far away from the chip, and the magnetic beads carrying nucleic acid pass through the mineral oil and sink to the bottom of the second preset chamber 112 under the action of gravity, and the heating device inside the instrument is turned off.
  • the temperature of the phase change valve between the presetting chamber 111 and the second presetting chamber 112 decreases and becomes solid, and the first communication channel 115 between the first presetting chamber 111 and the second presetting chamber 112 is cut off, avoiding The second pre-chamber 112 is disturbed by the first pre-chamber 111 .
  • the magnetic beads carrying nucleic acid in the second preset chamber 112 are mixed and oscillated to improve the cleaning efficiency, and the impurities on the magnetic beads carrying nucleic acid can be removed to avoid entering to the sample detection chamber 142 to inhibit the reaction.
  • the magnetic beads carrying the nucleic acid are further cleaned to remove impurities.
  • the magnetic beads pass through the phase change valve and the first communication channel 115 between the third pre-chamber 113 and the fourth pre-chamber 114 in the same way, so that they are transferred from the third pre-chamber 113 into the fourth pre-chamber 114.
  • the nucleic acid on the surface of the magnetic beads is eluted into the eluent.
  • the magnetic adsorption device located above the chip body 10 inside the instrument will adsorb the magnetic beads on the surface of the chip body 10.
  • the temperature control module located at the bottom of the transition channel 118 starts to heat, and the phase change valve in the transition channel 118 is heated and becomes liquid, and the vacuum bag 21 transfers the phase change valve in the transition channel 118 to the buffer chamber 221, the second The eluent containing nucleic acid in the four preset chambers 114 is full of the main channel 144, the first branch channel 141, the sample detection chamber 142 and the second branch channel 143, and the mineral oil level in the fourth preset chamber 114 The descending fills in the transition channel 118 .
  • the chip sample forms a closed system of oil-liquid-oil.
  • the temperature control device and optical detection device inside the instrument realize the heating and cooling of the sample detection chamber 142 and the detection of fluorescence signals, thereby completing real-time fluorescent PCR.
  • the first pre-chamber 111 is provided with a magnetic label primary antibody, for example, and the second pre-chamber
  • the chamber 112 is, for example, equipped with an enzyme-labeled secondary antibody
  • the third preset chamber 113 is, for example, installed with a cleaning solution
  • the fourth preset chamber 114 is, for example, installed with a substrate luminescence solution
  • the sample detection chamber 142 is, for example, in an empty state.
  • the first preset chamber 111 is also provided with a quantitative volume of liquid mineral oil above the primary antibody of the magnetic marker, and the first preset chamber 111 is not fully filled.
  • the second pre-chamber 112 , the third pre-chamber 113 and the fourth pre-chamber 114 are also equipped with a certain volume of liquid mineral oil, and they are all in a full state.
  • the user uses a pipette gun or a dropper to suck up the sample solution, opens the first flip cover 123 , the second flip cover 133 and the third flip cover 183 , and inserts the pipette tip into the sample inlet 121 of the first guide post 122 Perform sample injection.
  • the filter element 125 can filter out large-volume impurities in the sample liquid to realize physical purification of the sample liquid.
  • the sample liquid enters the first pre-chamber 111.
  • the sample liquid passes through the mineral oil and enters the bottom of the first pre-chamber 111 to mix with the magnetic marker primary antibody.
  • the mineral oil gradually rises until it is flush with the top surface 15 of the chip body 10 .
  • the first flip cover 123 and the second flip cover 133 are closed, and the chip body 10 is placed in a designated area inside the matching instrument.
  • the magnetic bead mixing device inside the instrument performs operations such as mixing and oscillating the sample solution in the first preset chamber 111, and the sample solution reacts with the magnetic-labeled primary antibody to promote the reaction process.
  • the magnet inside the instrument above the chip will adsorb the magnetic beads to the top of the chip body 10, and the heating device inside the instrument will change the phase transition between the first preset chamber 111 and the second preset chamber 112 by heating and raising the temperature.
  • the form of the valve through the movement of the chip body 10 or the magnetic adsorption device, the magnetic beads pass from the first preset chamber 111 through the phase change valve and the first communication channel 115 to the top of the second preset chamber 112 .
  • the magnetic adsorption device above the chip inside the instrument is far away, and the magnetic beads pass through the mineral oil and sink to the bottom of the second preset chamber 112 under the action of gravity, and the heating device inside the instrument is turned off.
  • the first preset chamber 111 and The temperature of the phase change valve between the second preset chambers 112 decreases and becomes solid, and the first communication channel 115 between the first preset chamber 111 and the second preset chamber 112 is cut off, avoiding the second preset chamber
  • the chamber 112 is disturbed by the first pre-chamber 111 .
  • the magnetic bead mixing device inside the instrument performs operations such as mixing and shaking on the magnetic beads in the second preset chamber 112 to improve the reaction efficiency with the enzyme-labeled secondary antibody. After the reaction is over, the magnetic beads are transferred to the third pre-chamber 113 and the fourth pre-chamber 114 sequentially in the same way inside the instrument, so as to realize the cleaning and the effect of substrate luminescence and magnetic beads.
  • the temperature control module at the bottom of the transition channel 118 of the instrument starts to heat, the phase change valve in the transition channel 118 becomes liquid, and the vacuum bag 21 transfers the phase change valve in the transition channel 118 to the buffer chamber 221, the fourth preset chamber
  • the substrate luminescence liquid and magnetic beads in the chamber 114 are filled with the main channel 144, the first branch channel 141, the sample detection chamber 142 and the second branch channel 143, and the mineral oil liquid level in the fourth preset chamber 114 is filled in the Transition channel 118.
  • the sample detection chamber 142 can be designed to realize volume quantification, and at this time, the internal optical detection system of the instrument works to realize the detection process.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • a first feature being "on” or “under” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are indirect through an intermediary. touch.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “beneath” the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

Abstract

一种微流控芯片与体外诊断分析设备，微流控芯片包括芯片本体(10)、磁珠与抽吸组件(20)。将样本液通过进样口(121)注入到位于首位的预置腔室内，使得样本液在预置腔室内与储存的试剂发生反应，通过磁珠携带反应后的目标物，并借用磁性装置吸附磁珠，移动微流控芯片或磁性装置，使得磁珠携带目标物移动到下一个预置腔室，并最终进入到末尾的预置腔室，在末尾的预置腔室得到目标物，然后通过抽吸组件(20)进行抽吸动作，使得目标物通过第一支流通道(141)进入到样品检测腔室(142)内，便可以在样品检测腔室(142)完成扩增与检测操作。

Description

微流控芯片与体外诊断分析设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求于2021年9月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为2021110945407、名称为“微流控芯片与体外诊断分析设备”的中国专利的优先权，所述专利申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本申请涉及医疗器械技术领域，特别是涉及微流控芯片与体外诊断分析设备。
背景技术
体外诊断(In Vitro Diagnosis,IVD)是通过对样本进行检测，获取诊断信息的过程，在人类传染病预防、诊断以及治疗等领域中扮演着重要角色。体外诊断过程通常涉及对样本中的核酸或蛋白质进行提取、纯化、扩增及检测等一系列反应步骤。现有技术中的样本处理和检测，流程复杂，无法对样本进行自动化的处理和检测，整体检测时间长；检测过程对操作人员的要求较高，检测结果的准确性依赖操作人员的专业性。
发明内容
基于此，有必要克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种微流控芯片与体外诊断分析设备，它能够实现全自动化检测处理，能大大提高检测效率，降低成本。
其技术方案如下：一种微流控芯片，所述微流控芯片包括：
芯片本体，所述芯片本体上设有依次连通设置的至少两个预置腔室，相邻所述预置腔室通过第一连通通道相连通，所述芯片本体上还设有进样口与排气口，所述进样口与所述排气口均和位于首位的所述预置腔室连通；所述芯片本体上还设有样品检测腔室，所述样品检测腔室与位于末尾的所述预置腔室连通；
磁珠与抽吸组件，所述磁珠在磁性装置的作用下在所有所述预置腔室中移动，所述抽吸组件与所述样品检测腔室相连通。
上述的微流控芯片使用时，将样本液通过进样口注入到位于首位的预置腔室内，使得样本液在预置腔室内与储存的试剂发生反应，通过磁珠携带反应后的目标物，并借用磁性装置吸附磁珠，移动微流控芯片或磁性装置，使得磁珠携带目标物移动到下一个预置腔室，并最终进入到末尾的预置腔室，在末尾的预置腔室得到目标物，然后通过抽吸组件进行抽吸动作，使得目标物进入到样品检测腔室内，便可以在样品检测腔室完成扩增与检测操作。如此可见， 能够实现全自动化检测处理，能大大提高检测效率，降低成本。
在其中一个实施例中，所述芯片本体的顶面上设有第一导向柱，所述进样口设置于所述第一导向柱内；所述第一导向柱上还设有第一翻盖，所述第一翻盖用于打开或闭合所述进样口。
在其中一个实施例中，所述芯片本体上设有进样通道，所述进样口与所述进样通道的一端相连通，所述进样口位于所述芯片本体的顶面，所述进样通道的另一端与位于首位的所述预置腔室相连通；所述进样通道中设置有滤芯。
在其中一个实施例中，所述芯片本体的顶面上设有第二导向柱，所述排气口设置于所述第二导向柱内；所述第二导向柱上还设有第二翻盖，所述第二翻盖用于打开或闭合所述排气口。
在其中一个实施例中，所述芯片本体上设有排气通道，所述排气口与所述排气通道的一端相连通，所述排气口位于所述芯片本体的顶面，所述排气通道的另一端与位于首位的所述预置腔室的顶部部位相连通；所述排气通道中设有第一防水透气膜。
在其中一个实施例中，所述预置腔室内装设有处理试剂以及位于所述处理试剂上方的矿物油；所述样品检测腔室内装设有检测试剂或者为空置状态；至少两个所述预置腔室包括依次连通设置的第一预置腔室、第二预置腔室、第三预置腔室与第四预置腔室；所述第一预置腔室设有预留空间，所述第二预置腔室、所述第三预置腔室与所述第四预置腔室均为充满状态。
在其中一个实施例中，所述芯片本体上还设置有用于控制所述第一连通通道通断的第一开关阀；所述第一开关阀为相变阀、下压阀、扭矩阀或启动阀。
在其中一个实施例中，相邻所述预置腔室之间设有墙板，所述第一连通通道设置于所述墙板的顶部部位，所述第一开关阀为设置于所述第一连通通道的相变阀。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一连通通道的进样端口壁设有圆滑导向面，所述第一连通通道的出样端口壁设有圆滑导向面。
在其中一个实施例中，所述芯片本体上还设有补压进气口，所述补压进气口与位于末尾的所述预置腔室连通。
在其中一个实施例中，所述芯片本体的顶面上设有第三导向柱，所述补压进气口设置于所述第三导向柱内；所述第三导向柱上还设有第三翻盖，所述第三翻盖用于打开或闭合所述补压进气口。
在其中一个实施例中，所述芯片本体上设有进气通道，所述补压进气口与所述进气通道的一端相连通，所述补压进气口位于所述芯片本体的顶面，所述进气通道的另一端与位于末尾的所述预置腔室相连通。
在其中一个实施例中，位于末尾的所述预置腔室的底部设有内径沿着所述芯片本体的顶 面至所述芯片本体的底面的方向上逐渐缩小的渐缩通道；所述样品检测腔室通过第一支流通道与位于末尾的所述预置腔室连通，所述渐缩通道与所述第一支流通道相连通。
在其中一个实施例中，所述芯片本体还设有位于末尾的所述预置腔室与所述样品检测腔室之间的过渡通道、主干通道与第一支流通道，位于末尾的所述预置腔室的底部、所述过渡通道、所述主干通道、所述第一支流通道与所述样品检测腔室依次连通；所述芯片本体上还设置有用于控制所述过渡通道通断的第二开关阀；所述第二开关阀为相变阀、下压阀、扭矩阀或启动阀。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一支流通道、所述样品检测腔室均为多个；所述第一支流通道与所述样品检测腔室一一对应设置；所有所述第一支流通道均与所述主干通道相连通；所有所述样品检测腔室分别通过第二支流通道与所述抽吸组件相连通；和/或，所述第一支流通道与所述主干通道呈夹角a设置，夹角a为90°至150°。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一支流通道包括第一段与第二段；所述主干通道、所述第一段与所述第二段依次连通；所述第一段与所述第二段均与所述主干通道呈夹角设置，所述第一段与所述主干通道的夹角小于所述第二段与所述主干通道的夹角。
在其中一个实施例中，所述主干通道的两侧均设置有若干个所述第一支流通道、若干个所述样品检测腔室与若干个所述第二支流通道；所述主干通道的其中一侧设置的所述第一支流通道、所述样品检测腔室与所述第二支流通道和另一侧设置的所述第一支流通道、所述样品检测腔室与所述第二支流通道关于所述主干通道对称布置。
在其中一个实施例中，所述抽吸组件包括抽真空气囊，所述抽真空气囊设置于所述芯片本体的顶面上，所有所述第二支流通道的另一端均延伸到所述芯片本体的顶面上并与所述抽真空气囊连通。
在其中一个实施例中，所述抽吸组件还包括设置于所述抽真空气囊与所述芯片本体的顶面之间的缓冲过渡件，所述缓冲过渡件设有缓冲腔室，所述缓冲腔室的底部分别与多个所述第二支流通道的另一端相连通，所述缓冲腔室的顶部与所述抽真空气囊相连通。
一种体外诊断分析设备，所述体外诊断分析设备包括所述的微流控芯片，所述体外诊断分析设备还包括磁性装置与检测设备；所述磁性装置用于吸附所述磁珠并移动所述磁珠；所述检测设备与所述样品检测腔室对应设置，用于对所述样品检测腔室内的样本进行光学检测。
上述的微流控芯片，将样本液通过进样口注入到位于首位的预置腔室内，使得样本液在预置腔室内与储存的试剂发生反应，通过磁珠携带反应后的目标物，并借用磁性装置吸附磁珠，移动微流控芯片或磁性装置，使得磁珠携带目标物移动到下一个预置腔室，并最终进入到末尾的预置腔室，在末尾的预置腔室得到目标物，然后通过抽吸组件进行抽吸动作，使得目标物进入到样品检测腔室内，便可以在样品检测腔室完成扩增与检测操作。如此可见，所述微流控芯片能够实现全自动化检测处理，大大提高检测效率，降低成本。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例的微流控芯片的其中一视角结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例的微流控芯片的另一视角结构示意图；
图3为图2在A-A处的剖视结构图；
图4为图2在B-B处的剖视结构图；
图5为图2在C-C处的剖视结构图；
图6为本申请一实施例的微流控芯片的又一视角结构示意图；
图7为图6在D-D处的剖视结构图；
图8为图6在E-E处的剖视结构图。
10、芯片本体；111、第一预置腔室；112、第二预置腔室；113、第三预置腔室；114、第四预置腔室；1141、渐缩通道；115、第一连通通道；116、第一开关阀；117、墙板；1171、圆滑导向面；118、过渡通道；121、进样口；122、第一导向柱；123、第一翻盖；124、进样通道；125、滤芯；131、排气口；132、第二导向柱；133、第二翻盖；134、排气通道；135、第一防水透气膜；141、第一支流通道；142、样品检测腔室；143、第二支流通道；144、主干通道；15、顶面；16、底面；17、第一薄膜；181、补压进气口；182、第三导向柱；183、第三翻盖；184、进气通道；19、第二薄膜；20、抽吸组件；21、抽真空气囊；22、缓冲过渡件；221、缓冲腔室；222、第三防水透气膜。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本申请的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请。但是本申请能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本申请内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本申请不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
参阅图1至图3，图1示出了本申请一实施例的微流控芯片的其中一视角结构示意图，图2示出了本申请一实施例的微流控芯片的另一视角结构示意图，图3示出了图2在A-A处的剖视结构图。本申请一实施例提供的一种微流控芯片，微流控芯片包括芯片本体10、磁珠(图中未示出)与抽吸组件20。芯片本体10上设有依次连通的至少两个预置腔室(例如参 阅图3中示意出的第一预置腔室111、第二预置腔室112、第三预置腔室113与第四预置腔室114)，相邻预置腔室通过第一连通通道115相连通。参阅图4，芯片本体10上还设有进样口121与排气口131，进样口121与排气口131均和位于首位的预置腔室(例如参阅图3中的第一预置腔室111)连通。
请参阅图3、图6与图7，图6示出了本申请一实施例的微流控芯片的又一视角结构示意图，图7示出了图6在D-D处的剖视结构图(为了清楚示出流道结构，故省略图7中的剖面线)。芯片本体10上还设有样品检测腔室142，样品检测腔室142与位于末尾的预置腔室(例如参阅图3中的第四预置腔室114)连通。磁珠在磁性装置的作用下能在所有预置腔室中移动。抽吸组件20与样品检测腔室142相连通。
上述的微流控芯片使用时，将样本液通过进样口121注入到位于首位的预置腔室内，使得样本液在预置腔室内与储存的试剂发生反应，通过磁珠携带反应后的目标物，并借用磁性装置吸附磁珠，移动微流控芯片或磁性装置，使得磁珠携带目标物移动到下一个预置腔室，并最终进入到末尾的预置腔室，在末尾的预置腔室得到目标物，然后通过抽吸组件20进行抽吸动作，使得目标物例如通过第一支流通道141进入到样品检测腔室142内，便可以在样品检测腔室142完成扩增与检测操作。如此，所述微流控芯片能够实现全自动化检测处理，能大大提高检测效率，降低成本。
需要说明的是，如图3所示，至少两个预置腔室按照样本处理的先后顺序具体例如是第一预置腔室111、第二预置腔室112、第三预置腔室113与第四预置腔室114，位于首位的预置腔室为第一预置腔室111，位于末尾的预置腔室为第四预置腔室114。
参阅图2至图4，图4示出了图2在B-B处的剖视结构图。进一步地，芯片本体10的顶面15上设有第一导向柱122。进样口121设置于第一导向柱122内。第一导向柱122上还设有第一翻盖123。第一翻盖123用于打开或闭合进样口121。如此，打开第一翻盖123，便可以借助移液枪或滴管将吸取的样本液注入到第一导向柱122的进样口121中，由进样口121通入到预置腔室内。此外，当不需要注入样本液或者注样操作完毕时，通过第一翻盖123闭合进样口121，第一翻盖123紧密地盖合于进样口121，密封性较好。作为一个示例，也可以省略掉第一导向柱122，也就是将进样口121直接形成于芯片本体10的顶面15上。此外，第一翻盖123既可以是可转动地打开设置于第一导向柱122的端面上，也可以是可拆卸地设置于第一导向柱122的端面上，还可以是其它设置方式，在此不进行限定。
需要说明的是，该“第一导向柱122”可以为“芯片本体10的一部分”，即“第一导向柱122”与“芯片本体10的其他部分”一体成型制造；也可以为与“芯片本体10的其他部分”可分离的一个独立构件，即“第一导向柱122”可以独立制造，再与“芯片本体10的其他部分”组合成一个整体。如图4所示，一实施例中，“第一导向柱122”为“芯片本体10”一体成型制造的一部分。
参阅图2与图4，在一个实施例中，芯片本体10上设有进样通道124。进样口121与进样通道124的一端相连通，进样口121位于芯片本体10的顶面15，进样通道124的另一端与位于首位的预置腔室相连通。进样通道124中设置有滤芯125。如此，当将样本液通过进样口121注入，样本液经进样通道124进入到位于首位的预置腔室中，样本液经过滤芯125时，滤芯125对样本液进行过滤处理，可以过滤掉样本液中大体积杂质，实现样本液的物理纯化。
具体而言，为了便于将样本液顺利地通入到预置腔室内，进样通道124的另一端具体例如设置于预置腔室的底部部位。如此，能尽可能地避免出现因为液体的张力作用与预置腔室的内壁容易形成气泡并无法向外排出气泡的不良现象，从而能保证提取效果。当然，作为一个可选的方案，也可以将进样通道124的另一端具体例如设置于预置腔室的中部部位、顶部部位或其它部位，在此不进行限定。
请参阅图2与图4，在一个实施例中，芯片本体10的顶面15上设有第二导向柱132，排气口131设置于第二导向柱132内。第二导向柱132上还设有第二翻盖133，第二翻盖133用于打开或闭合排气口131。如此，在将样本液通过进样口121注入到预置腔室之前，打开第二翻盖133，这样样本液通过进样口121注入到位于首位的预置腔室内的过程中，位于首位的预置腔室内的气体同步通过排气口131向外排放，从而能保证样本液通过进样口121顺利地注入到位于首位的预置腔室内。此外，当不需要注入样本液或者注样操作完毕时，通过第二翻盖133闭合排气口131，第二翻盖133紧密地盖合于排气口131，密封性较好。作为一个示例，也可以省略掉第二导向柱132，也就是将排气口131直接形成于芯片本体10的顶面15上。此外，第二翻盖133既可以是可转动地打开设置于第二导向柱132的端面上，也可以是可拆卸地设置于第二导向柱132的端面上，还可以是其它设置方式，在此不进行限定。
需要说明的是，该“第二导向柱132”可以为“芯片本体10的一部分”，即“第二导向柱132”与“芯片本体10的其他部分”一体成型制造；也可以为与“芯片本体10的其他部分”可分离的一个独立构件，即“第二导向柱132”可以独立制造，再与“芯片本体10的其他部分”组合成一个整体。如图4所示，一实施例中，“第二导向柱132”为“芯片本体10”一体成型制造的一部分。
参阅图2与图4，在一个实施例中，芯片本体10上设有排气通道134。排气口131与排气通道134的一端相连通，排气口131位于芯片本体10的顶面15。排气通道134的另一端与位于首位的预置腔室的顶部部位相连通。排气通道134中设有第一防水透气膜135。如此，排气通道134内的气体能够通过第一防水透气膜135向外排放，从而能维持预置腔室内部的气压平衡，且液体不会随气体流出。此外，第一防水透气膜135能避免水气通过排气通道134进入到预置腔室内。
请参阅图3，在一个实施例中，预置腔室内装设有处理试剂(图中未示出)以及位于处 理试剂上方的矿物油(图中未示出)。样品检测腔室142内装设有检测试剂或者为空置状态。如此，矿物油由于密度小于处理试剂，会位于处理试剂的上方，对处理试剂起到密封作用，能避免相邻的预置腔室内的处理试剂相互干扰。此外，降低了微流控芯片对仪器内部机械隔断部件的需求，同时能保证样本处理的效率，进一步降低使用成本。
需要说明的是，至少两个预置腔室内所装设的处理试剂可以相同也可以不同，根据实际情况设置，在此不进行限定，处理试剂例如可以是裂解液与磁珠混合液、第一清洗液、第二清洗液、洗脱液、磁标一抗、酶标二抗或底物发光液等等。
同样地，样品检测腔室142内可以装设检测试剂，检测试剂可以根据实际情况设置，在此不进行限定。检测试剂例如可以是冻干PCR试剂，也可以是其它类型的检测试剂，在此不进行限定，根据实际需求设置即可。样品检测腔室142内还可以根据需求设置为空置状态，即没有装设任何的检测试剂。
请参阅图3，在一个实施例中，至少两个预置腔室包括依次连通设置的第一预置腔室111、第二预置腔室112、第三预置腔室113与第四预置腔室114。第一预置腔室111设有预留空间，第二预置腔室112、第三预置腔室113与第四预置腔室114均为充满状态。如此，由于第一预置腔室111有预留空间，即第一预置腔室111并没有充满处理试剂与矿物油，这样便能为待添加的样本液留出容纳空间，将样本液通过进样口121注入到第一预置腔室111后，样本液在自身重力作用下穿过矿物油与处理试剂相混合。此外，第二预置腔室112、第三预置腔室113与第四预置腔室114均为充满状态，即充满了处理试剂与矿物油。
需要说明的是，当将上述的微流控芯片用于样本的提取、扩增一体化处理和检测时，第一预置腔室111例如装设裂解液与磁珠混合液，第二预置腔室112例如装设第一清洗液，第三预置腔室113例如装设第二清洗液，第四预置腔室114例如装设洗脱液，样品检测腔室142例如装设冻干PCR试剂。当将上述的微流控芯片用于样本化学发光检测时，第一预置腔室111例如装设磁标一抗，第二预置腔室112例如装设酶标二抗，第三预置腔室113例如装设清洗液，第四预置腔室114例如装设底物发光液，样品检测腔室142例如为空置状态。
还需要说明的是，预置腔室不限于是上述的第一预置腔室111、第二预置腔室112、第三预置腔室113与第四预置腔室114，还可以是根据实际需求设置为两个、三个、五个、六个等等，在此不进行限定。
请参阅图3，在一个实施例中，芯片本体10上还设置有用于控制第一连通通道115通断的第一开关阀116。第一开关阀116为相变阀、下压阀、扭矩阀或启动阀。如此，如图3示意出的第一连通通道115为三个，第一开关阀116相应为三个，三个第一开关阀116与三个第一连通通道115一一对应设置。
请参阅图3，在一个实施例中，相邻预置腔室之间设有墙板117，第一连通通道115设置于墙板117的顶部部位，第一开关阀116为设置于第一连通通道115的相变阀。如此，当需 要使得磁珠从其中一个预置腔室转移到另一个预置腔室时，通过加热相变阀使得相变阀开启，然后通过磁性装置吸附磁珠将磁珠从预置腔室的底面16移动到预置腔室的顶部部位，接着使得微流控芯片或磁性装置横向移动，便能带动磁珠穿过第一连通通道115移动进入到另一个预置腔室的顶部部位；再将磁性装置挪走或关闭，磁珠失去磁性装置的磁性力，在自身重力作用下便掉落到另一个预置腔室的底部，即完成了将磁珠从其中一个预置腔室转移到另一个预置腔室的操作。
此外，通过相变阀实现磁珠转移通道的隔断和开启，大大减少了微流控芯片需要相对运动的机械性部件，降低了芯片使用成本和过程中漏液的风险。进而减少微流控芯片和配套仪器的复杂度，大大降低了成本。
具体而言，至少两个预置腔室呈一字型排布，如此沿着同一个方向运动，便能实现磁珠在至少两个预置腔室内依次转移，操作较为简便，能简化诊断分析设备的驱动结构。
作为一个示例，相变阀为固液相变阀。固液相变阀具体例如为医用50号石蜡、合成蜡、动物油脂、天然蜡等等，在此不进行限定。当相变阀处于固体形态时隔断第一连通通道115，可以防止运输过程不同预置腔室的处理试剂的相互混合；当相变阀受热后转变为液体形态时，磁珠携带样本能从其中一个预置腔室通过第一连通通道115转移至另一个预置腔室，液体形态的相变阀还能起到润滑剂的作用，便于磁珠通过。
在一个实施例中，第一连通通道115的进样端口壁设有圆滑导向面1171，第一连通通道115的出样端口壁也设有圆滑导向面1171。如此，能便于其中一个预置腔室内的磁珠通过进样端的圆滑导向面1171顺利地进入到第一连通通道115内，也能便于磁珠通过出样端的圆滑导向面1171顺利地进入到另一个预置腔室内。具体而言，圆滑导向面1171为圆弧形面，进样端的直径在沿着磁珠移动方向上逐渐减小，出样端的直径在沿着磁珠移动方向上逐渐增大。
请参阅图3，为了在芯片本体10上设计出至少两个预置腔室与第一连通通道115，在一个实施例中，芯片本体10的顶面15上设置有与至少两个预置腔室与第一连通通道115相对应的第一凹部，以及第一薄膜17。第一薄膜17与第一凹部围合形成至少两个预置腔室与第一连通通道115。具体而言，第一薄膜17具体为厚度例如为100μm的聚碳酸酯薄膜，也可以选用其它材质以及其它厚度的薄膜，在此不进行限定。
请参阅图2与图5，图5示出了图2在C-C处的剖视结构图。在一个实施例中，芯片本体10上还设有补压进气口181，补压进气口181与位于末尾的预置腔室连通。
请参阅图2与图5，在一个实施例中，芯片本体10的顶面15上设有第三导向柱182，补压进气口181设置于第三导向柱182内。第三导向柱182上还设有第三翻盖183，第三翻盖183用于打开或闭合补压进气口181。如此，为了平衡已处理样本液进入到样品检测腔室142内的压力大小，在转移样本液到样品检测腔室142时，使第三翻盖183处于打开状态，末尾的预置腔室通过补压进气口181与外界环境连通，样本液在抽吸装置的作用下从预置腔室转 移到样品检测腔室142。当第三翻盖183处于关闭状态时，第三翻盖183能封闭补压进气口181，保证预置腔室的密封性。作为一个示例，也可以省略掉第三导向柱182，也就是将补压进气口181直接形成于芯片本体10的顶面15上。此外，第三翻盖183既可以是可转动地打开设置于第三导向柱182的端面上，也可以是可拆卸地设置于第三导向柱182的端面上，还可以是其它设置方式，在此不进行限定。
需要说明的是，该“第三导向柱182”可以为“芯片本体10的一部分”，即“第三导向柱182”与“芯片本体10的其他部分”一体成型制造；也可以为与“芯片本体10的其他部分”可分离的一个独立构件，即“第三导向柱182”可以独立制造，再与“芯片本体10的其他部分”组合成一个整体。如图5所示，一实施例中，“第三导向柱182”为“芯片本体10”一体成型制造的一部分。
请参阅图2与图5，在一个实施例中，芯片本体10上设有进气通道184，补压进气口181与进气通道184的一端相连通，补压进气口181位于芯片本体10的顶面15，进气通道184的另一端与位于末尾的预置腔室相连通。进一步地，进气通道184的内部设置有第二防水透气膜。
请参阅图3，在一个实施例中，位于末尾的预置腔室的底部设有内径沿着芯片本体10的顶面至芯片本体10的底面的方向上逐渐缩小的渐缩通道1141。样品检测腔室142通过第一支流通道141与位于末尾的预置腔室连通。渐缩通道1141与第一支流通道141相连通。如此，渐缩通道1141能便于位于末尾的预置腔室内的样本液完全地排入到样品检测腔室142内，减少在末尾的预置腔室内的样本液残留量。
请参阅图3与图7，在一个实施例中，芯片本体10还设有位于末尾的预置腔室与样品检测腔室142之间的过渡通道118、主干通道144与第一支流通道141。位于末尾的预置腔室的底部、过渡通道118、主干通道144、第一支流通道141与样品检测腔室142依次相连通。需要说明的是，过渡通道118与主干通道144连成一体，也可以视作同一个通道。
需要说明的是，作为一个示例，过渡通道118沿垂直于其流动方向上的截面为矩形面。更进一步地，矩形面的高度与宽度的比值范围具体例如为1：1～2：1。矩形面可减少摩擦压降，且加工难度低，加工一致性更好；控制高宽比则可以进一步保证流动效果。此外，类似地，第一连通通道115沿垂直于其流动方向上的截面也可以设置为矩形面。
请参阅图3，进一步地，芯片本体10上还设置有用于控制过渡通道118通断的第二开关阀。第二开关阀为相变阀、下压阀、扭矩阀或启动阀。
请参阅图3与图7，进一步地，第一支流通道141、样品检测腔室142均为多个。第一支流通道141与样品检测腔室142一一对应设置。所有第一支流通道141均与主干通道144相连通。所有样品检测腔室142分别通过第二支流通道143与抽吸组件20相连通。
请参阅图3与图7，进一步地，样品检测腔室142的入口处沿着液体的流动方向呈渐扩 形状，样品检测腔室142的出口处沿着液体的流动方向呈渐缩形状。
请参阅图3与图7，进一步地，第一支流通道141与主干通道144呈夹角a设置，夹角a为90°至150°。具体而言，夹角a例如为120°、130°、135°、140°等等。如此设置，降低流道的形阻压降，即能减小样本液从主干通道144流动进入到第一支流通道141内的阻力大小，从而能更加容易地将预置腔室内的样本液转移到样品检测腔室142内。
进一步地，第一支流通道141包括第一段与第二段。主干通道144、第一段与第二段依次连通。第一段与第二段均与主干通道144呈夹角设置，第一段与主干通道144的夹角小于第二段与主干通道144的夹角。如此，布局更紧凑，减小芯片体积；防止样品检测腔室142内的液体回流到主干通道144。
请参阅图3与图7，进一步地，主干通道144的两侧均设置有若干个第一支流通道141、若干个样品检测腔室142与若干个第二支流通道143，处于同侧的第一支流通道141、样品检测腔室142和第二支流通道143一一对应相连。主干通道144的其中一侧设置的第一支流通道141、样品检测腔室142与第二支流通道143分别和另一侧设置的第一支流通道141、样品检测腔室142与第二支流通道143关于主干通道144对称布置。如此布置，至少具有如下技术效果：能充分利用空间，减小微流控芯片的体积，以及能提高检测效率。
请参阅图6至图8，图8示出了图6在E-E处的剖视结构图。进一步地，多个第二支流通道143的另一端均延伸到芯片本体10的顶面15上。抽吸组件20包括抽真空气囊21。抽真空气囊21设置于芯片本体10的顶面15上，抽真空气囊21分别与多个第二支流通道143的另一端相连通。如此，抽真空气囊21作为驱动源，减少了对微流控芯片对外部驱动泵等元件的需求，进而减少微流控芯片和配套仪器的复杂度，大大降低了成本。
参阅图3、图7与图8，进一步地，抽吸组件20还包括设置于抽真空气囊21与芯片本体10的顶面15之间的缓冲过渡件22。缓冲过渡件22设有缓冲腔室221，缓冲腔室221的底部分别与多个第二支流通道143的另一端相连通，缓冲腔室221的顶部与抽真空气囊21相连通。具体而言，缓冲腔室221的顶部区域设置有第三防水透气膜222。此外，为了保证抽吸效果，多个第二支流通道143的另一端集中设置在一起，这样便能减小缓冲腔室221的开口区域大小，能便于抽真空气囊21作用于各个第二支流通道143，抽吸效果更好。
需要说明的是，该“缓冲过渡件22”可以为“芯片本体10的一部分”，即“缓冲过渡件22”与“芯片本体10的其他部分”一体成型制造；也可以为与“芯片本体10的其他部分”可分离的一个独立构件，即“缓冲过渡件22”可以独立制造，再与“芯片本体10的其他部分”组合成一个整体。如图3所示，一实施例中，“缓冲过渡件22”为“芯片本体10”一体成型制造的一部分。
参阅图3、图7与图8，为了在芯片本体10上设计出过渡通道118、主干通道144、第一支流通道141、样品检测腔室142与第二支流通道143，进一步地，芯片本体10的底面16上 设置有与过渡通道118、主干通道144、第一支流通道141、样品检测腔室142以及第二支流通道143相对应的第二凹部，以及第二薄膜19。第二薄膜19与第二凹部围合形成过渡通道118、主干通道144、第一支流通道141、样品检测腔室142与第二支流通道143。具体而言，第二薄膜19具体为厚度例如为100μm的聚碳酸酯薄膜，也可以选用其它材质的薄膜，在此不进行限定。
请参阅图1、图3与图6，需要说明的是，芯片本体10上设置预置腔室的部位的厚度(如图3中D1)大于芯片本体10上设置第一支流通道141、样品检测腔室142与第二支流通道143的部位的厚度(如图3中D2)，这样芯片本体10的整体结构类似于阶梯状，可以在阶梯面上设置抽吸组件20，使得整体体积较小。
请参阅图1至图3，在一个实施例中，一种体外诊断分析设备，体外诊断分析设备包括上述任一实施例的微流控芯片，体外诊断分析设备还包括磁性装置与检测设备。磁性装置用于吸附磁珠并移动所述磁珠。检测设备与样品检测腔室对应设置，用于对样品检测腔室内的样本进行光学检测。
上述的体外诊断分析设备，将样本液通过进样口121注入到位于首位的预置腔室内，使得样本液在预置腔室内与储存的试剂发生反应，通过磁珠携带反应后的目标物，并借用磁性装置吸附磁珠，移动微流控芯片或磁性装置，使得磁珠携带目标物移动到下一个预置腔室，并最终进入到末尾的预置腔室，然后通过抽吸组件20进行抽吸动作，在末尾的预置腔室得到目标物，使得目标物通过第一支流通道141进入到样品检测腔室142内，便可以在样品检测腔室142完成扩增与检测操作。如此可见，能够实现全自动化检测处理，能大大提高检测效率，降低成本。
为了使得本申请更加清楚，下面将以两个具体试验进行详细说明：
试验一
请参阅图1至图3、图7与图8，当将上述的微流控芯片用于样本的提取、扩增一体化处理和检测时，第一预置腔室111例如装设裂解液与磁珠混合液，第二预置腔室112例如装设第一清洗液，第三预置腔室113例如装设第二清洗液，第四预置腔室114例如装设洗脱液，样品检测腔室142例如装设冻干PCR试剂。此外，第一预置腔室111还设置有位于裂解液与磁珠混合液上方的定量体积的液态矿物油，第一预置腔室111处于未充满状态。第二预置腔室112、第三预置腔室113与第四预置腔室114也同样装设有定量体积的液态矿物油，并均为充满状态。使用过程中，使用者使用移液枪或滴管对样本液进行吸取，打开第一翻盖123、第二翻盖133与第三翻盖183，将枪头插入第一导向柱122的进样口121内进行注样。在注样过程中，滤芯125可以过滤掉样本液中大体积杂质，实现样本液的物理纯化。样本液进入第一预置腔室111内，由于密度大于矿物油，因此样本液穿过矿物油进入到第一预置腔室111底部与裂解液和磁珠混匀，随着样本液的注入，矿物油逐渐上升至与芯片本体10的顶面15 齐平。其中，磁珠主要是金属氧化物，在其表面修饰羟基、羧基等基团，能实现捕获样本液中的核酸，作为核酸的载体携带核酸一起转移。注样完毕后闭合第一翻盖123与第二翻盖133，保证样本液处理过程中无泄漏，将芯片本体10放置于配套仪器内部指定区域。在样本液的裂解过程中，可通过仪器内部的磁珠混匀装置对液体进行混匀振荡等操作，加快裂解进程。
裂解完毕后，仪器内部位于芯片本体10上方的磁吸附装置将磁珠吸附于芯片顶部，仪器内部加热装置通过加热升温改变第一预置腔室111与第二预置腔室112之间的相变阀的形态，通过移动芯片本体10或磁吸附装置实现携带有核酸的磁珠从第一预置腔室111穿过相变阀和第一连通通道115到达第二预置腔室112顶部。此时，仪器内部位于芯片上方的磁吸附装置远离芯片，携带有核酸的磁珠在重力作用下穿过矿物油下沉至第二预置腔室112底部，关闭仪器内部加热装置，第一预置腔室111与第二预置腔室112之间的相变阀温度降低变为固态，又实现隔断第一预置腔室111与第二预置腔室112的第一连通通道115，避免第二预置腔室112被第一预置腔室111干扰。通过仪器内部的磁珠混匀装置对第二预置腔室112内携带有核酸的磁珠进行混匀振荡等操作，提高清洗效率，能将携带有核酸的磁珠上的杂质去除，避免进入到样品检测腔室142中抑制反应。
待清洗完毕后，使用同样的方式将磁珠穿过第二预置腔室112与第三预置腔室113之间的相变阀和第一连通通道115，使得从第二预置腔室112转移到第三预置腔室113中。在第三预置腔室113中对携带有核酸的磁珠进一步清洗去杂操作。
类似地，使用同样的方式将磁珠穿过第三预置腔室113与第四预置腔室114之间的相变阀和第一连通通道115，使得从第三预置腔室113转移到第四预置腔室114中。在第四预置腔室114中将磁珠表面上的核酸洗脱到洗脱液中，待洗脱完毕后，仪器内部位于芯片本体10上方的磁吸附装置将磁珠吸附在芯片本体10的顶部，仪器位于过渡通道118底部的温控模块开始加热，过渡通道118内的相变阀受热变为液体，抽真空气囊21将过渡通道118内的相变阀转移至缓冲腔室221内，第四预置腔室114中的含有核酸的洗脱液充满主干通道144、第一支流通道141、样品检测腔室142和第二支流通道143，第四预置腔室114中的矿物油液位下降填充于过渡通道118。此时芯片样本形成了油-液-油的封闭系统，通过仪器内部温控装置和光学检测装置实现样品检测腔室142的升降温和荧光信号检测，进而完成实时荧光PCR。
试验二
请参阅图1至图3、图7与图8，当将上述的微流控芯片用于样本化学发光检测时，第一预置腔室111例如装设磁标一抗，第二预置腔室112例如装设酶标二抗，第三预置腔室113例如装设清洗液，第四预置腔室114例如装设底物发光液，样品检测腔室142例如为空置状态。此外，第一预置腔室111还设置有位于磁标一抗上方的定量体积的液态矿物油，第一预置腔室111处于未充满状态。第二预置腔室112、第三预置腔室113与第四预置腔室114也同样装设有定量体积的液态矿物油，并均为充满状态。使用过程中，使用者使用移液枪或滴 管对样本液进行吸取，打开第一翻盖123、第二翻盖133与第三翻盖183，将枪头插入第一导向柱122的进样口121内进行注样。在注样过程中，滤芯125可以过滤掉样本液中大体积杂质，实现样本液的物理纯化。样本液进入第一预置腔室111内，由于密度大于矿物油，因此样本液穿过矿物油进入到第一预置腔室111底部与磁标一抗混匀，随着样本液的注入，矿物油逐渐上升至与芯片本体10的顶面15齐平。注样完毕后闭合第一翻盖123与第二翻盖133，将芯片本体10放置于配套仪器内部指定区域。然后，仪器内部的磁珠混匀装置对第一预置腔室111的样本液进行混匀振荡等操作，样本液与磁标一抗发生反应，促进反应过程。
反应完毕后，仪器内部位于芯片上方的磁铁将磁珠吸附于芯片本体10的顶部，仪器内部加热装置通过加热升温改变第一预置腔室111与第二预置腔室112之间的相变阀的形态，通过芯片本体10或磁吸附装置移动实现磁珠从第一预置腔室111穿过相变阀和第一连通通道115到达第二预置腔室112顶部。此时，仪器内部位于芯片上方的磁吸附装置远离，磁珠在重力作用下穿过矿物油下沉至第二预置腔室112底部，关闭仪器内部加热装置，第一预置腔室111与第二预置腔室112之间的相变阀温度降低变为固态，又实现隔断第一预置腔室111与第二预置腔室112的第一连通通道115，避免第二预置腔室112被第一预置腔室111干扰。
通过仪器内部的磁珠混匀装置对第二预置腔室112内的磁珠进行混匀振荡等操作，提高与酶标二抗反应效率。反应结束后，仪器内部使用同样的方式将磁珠依次转移到第三预置腔室113与第四预置腔室114，进而实现清洗以及底物发光与磁珠的作用。仪器位于过渡通道118底部的温控模块开始加热，过渡通道118内的相变阀变为液体，抽真空气囊21将过渡通道118内的相变阀转移至缓冲腔室221，第四预置腔室114中的底物发光液与磁珠充满主干通道144、第一支流通道141、样品检测腔室142和第二支流通道143，第四预置腔室114中的矿物油液位下降填充于过渡通道118。其中，样品检测腔室142可以通过设计实现体积的定量，此时仪器内部光学检测系统工作实现检测过程。
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本 申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种微流控芯片，所述微流控芯片包括：
    芯片本体，所述芯片本体上设有依次连通设置的至少两个预置腔室，相邻所述预置腔室通过第一连通通道相连通，所述芯片本体上还设有进样口与排气口，所述进样口与所述排气口均和位于首位的所述预置腔室连通；所述芯片本体上还设有样品检测腔室，所述样品检测腔室与位于末尾的所述预置腔室连通；
    磁珠与抽吸组件，所述磁珠在磁性装置的作用下在所有所述预置腔室中移动，所述抽吸组件与所述样品检测腔室相连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述芯片本体的顶面上设有第一导向柱，所述进样口设置于所述第一导向柱内；所述第一导向柱上还设有第一翻盖，所述第一翻盖用于打开或闭合所述进样口。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述芯片本体上设有进样通道，所述进样口与所述进样通道的一端相连通，所述进样口位于所述芯片本体的顶面，所述进样通道的另一端与位于首位的所述预置腔室相连通；所述进样通道中设置有滤芯。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述芯片本体的顶面上设有第二导向柱，所述排气口设置于所述第二导向柱内；所述第二导向柱上还设有第二翻盖，所述第二翻盖用于打开或闭合所述排气口。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述芯片本体上设有排气通道，所述排气口与所述排气通道的一端相连通，所述排气口位于所述芯片本体的顶面，所述排气通道的另一端与位于首位的所述预置腔室的顶部部位相连通；所述排气通道中设有第一防水透气膜。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述预置腔室内装设有处理试剂以及位于所述处理试剂上方的矿物油；所述样品检测腔室内装设有检测试剂或者为空置状态；至少两个所述预置腔室包括依次连通设置的第一预置腔室、第二预置腔室、第三预置腔室与第四预置腔室；所述第一预置腔室设有预留空间，所述第二预置腔室、所述第三预置腔室与所述第四预置腔室均为充满状态。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述芯片本体上还设置有用于控制所述第一连通通道通断的第一开关阀；所述第一开关阀为相变阀、下压阀、扭矩阀或启动阀。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的微流控芯片，其中，相邻所述预置腔室之间设有墙板，所述第一连通通道设置于所述墙板的顶部部位，所述第一开关阀为设置于所述第一连通通道的相变阀。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述第一连通通道的进样端口壁设有圆滑 导向面，所述第一连通通道的出样端口壁设有圆滑导向面。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述芯片本体上还设有补压进气口，所述补压进气口与位于末尾的所述预置腔室连通。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述芯片本体的顶面上设有第三导向柱，所述补压进气口设置于所述第三导向柱内；所述第三导向柱上还设有第三翻盖，所述第三翻盖用于打开或闭合所述补压进气口。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述芯片本体上设有进气通道，所述补压进气口与所述进气通道的一端相连通，所述补压进气口位于所述芯片本体的顶面，所述进气通道的另一端与位于末尾的所述预置腔室相连通。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的微流控芯片，其中，位于末尾的所述预置腔室的底部设有内径沿着所述芯片本体的顶面至所述芯片本体的底面的方向上逐渐缩小的渐缩通道；所述样品检测腔室通过第一支流通道与位于末尾的所述预置腔室连通，所述渐缩通道与所述第一支流通道相连通。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述芯片本体还设有位于末尾的所述预置腔室与所述样品检测腔室之间的过渡通道、主干通道与第一支流通道，位于末尾的所述预置腔室的底部、所述过渡通道、所述主干通道、所述第一支流通道与所述样品检测腔室依次连通；所述芯片本体上还设置有用于控制所述过渡通道通断的第二开关阀；所述第二开关阀为相变阀、下压阀、扭矩阀或启动阀。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述第一支流通道、所述样品检测腔室均为多个；所述第一支流通道与所述样品检测腔室一一对应设置；所有所述第一支流通道均与所述主干通道相连通；所有所述样品检测腔室分别通过第二支流通道与所述抽吸组件相连通；和/或，所述第一支流通道与所述主干通道呈夹角a设置，夹角a为90°至150°。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述第一支流通道包括第一段与第二段；所述主干通道、所述第一段与所述第二段依次连通；所述第一段与所述第二段均与所述主干通道呈夹角设置，所述第一段与所述主干通道的夹角小于所述第二段与所述主干通道的夹角。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述主干通道的两侧均设置有若干个所述第一支流通道、若干个所述样品检测腔室与若干个所述第二支流通道；所述主干通道的其中一侧设置的所述第一支流通道、所述样品检测腔室与所述第二支流通道和另一侧设置的所述第一支流通道、所述样品检测腔室与所述第二支流通道关于所述主干通道对称布置。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述抽吸组件包括抽真空气囊，所述抽真空气囊设置于所述芯片本体的顶面上，所有所述第二支流通道的另一端均延伸到所述芯片本体的顶面上并与所述抽真空气囊连通。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的微流控芯片，其中，所述抽吸组件还包括设置于所述抽真空 气囊与所述芯片本体的顶面之间的缓冲过渡件，所述缓冲过渡件设有缓冲腔室，所述缓冲腔室的底部分别与多个所述第二支流通道的另一端相连通，所述缓冲腔室的顶部与所述抽真空气囊相连通。
  20. 一种体外诊断分析设备，其中，所述体外诊断分析设备包括如权利要求1至19任意一项所述的微流控芯片，所述体外诊断分析设备还包括磁性装置与检测设备；所述磁性装置用于吸附并移动所述磁珠；所述检测设备与所述样品检测腔室对应设置，用于对所述样品检测腔室内的样本进行光学检测。
PCT/CN2022/108219 2021-09-17 2022-07-27 微流控芯片与体外诊断分析设备 WO2023040476A1 (zh)

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