WO2023040141A1 - Wind turbine overspeed-protection unit control method and system for strong turbulence condition - Google Patents

Wind turbine overspeed-protection unit control method and system for strong turbulence condition Download PDF

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WO2023040141A1
WO2023040141A1 PCT/CN2022/070953 CN2022070953W WO2023040141A1 WO 2023040141 A1 WO2023040141 A1 WO 2023040141A1 CN 2022070953 W CN2022070953 W CN 2022070953W WO 2023040141 A1 WO2023040141 A1 WO 2023040141A1
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wind
unit
fan
wind speed
speed
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PCT/CN2022/070953
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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王恩民
任鑫
王剑钊
童彤
赵鹏程
杜静宇
王�华
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中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2023040141A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023040141A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0276—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling rotor speed, e.g. variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/321—Wind directions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the technical field of wind power generation control, and in particular relates to a control method and system for a wind power generator anti-overspeed group used in large turbulent flow conditions.
  • the control strategy of constant power operation is basically adopted, that is, the unit operates at the rated power, and the speed and torque of the unit change with the wind speed and wind direction.
  • the advantage of this method is that the impact on the grid is low since the power is more constant.
  • the actual situation is that when this control strategy is adopted in the face of the influence of large turbulence, the speed of the fan motor exceeds its protection value often due to the untimely response of parameters such as torque, which triggers the safety chain of the wind turbine unit and causes the unit to shut down in a short time. net.
  • the impact on the power grid is actually increased.
  • the risk of overspeeding of the unit due to excessive speed increases.
  • this application provides a wind turbine anti-overspeed group control strategy for large turbulence conditions, and calculates the wind speed within a certain period of time by measuring the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle ⁇ of the wind turbine The change parameter ⁇ V of V and the change parameter ⁇ of the wind direction angle ⁇ , through the results of the change parameter ⁇ V of the wind speed V and the change parameter ⁇ of the wind direction angle ⁇ , the unit control strategy is selected in real time.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present application is: a control method for the anti-overspeed group of the wind power generator used in the large turbulent flow condition, as follows:
  • the unit control strategy is selected in real time.
  • the wind speed change ⁇ V and the wind direction angle change ⁇ are divided into several areas according to the numerical value, and at the same time satisfy the wind speed When the change amount ⁇ V and the wind direction angle change amount ⁇ are adjusted according to the area where they are located.
  • the control strategy of the unit selects the operation mode by judging the absolute value of the fan wind speed variation ⁇ V and the wind direction variation
  • fan wind speed variation ⁇ V V t1 -V t0
  • V t0 is the wind speed measurement value of the fan anemometer in the previous period
  • V t1 is the wind speed measurement value of the fan current anemometer
  • ⁇ t0 is the measured value of the wind direction angle of the fan in the previous period
  • ⁇ t1 is the measured value of the current wind direction angle of the fan.
  • the correction is made according to the actual wind conditions of the fan.
  • the time period of the wind speed change ⁇ V of the fan is greater than 5ms and less than 30ms; the time period of the wind direction change
  • the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the calculation formula in the table, control the unit speed n, and the yaw system does not operate;
  • the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the calculation formula in the table, control the unit speed n, and the yaw system follows the wind direction angle;
  • the torque setting value of the unit is the rated torque T of the unit, and the power setting value P is adjusted according to the calculation formula in the table, and the speed n of the unit is controlled, and the yaw system does not operate;
  • the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the calculation formula in the table, control the unit speed n, and the yaw system follows the wind direction angle.
  • the wind speed measurement value V is collected through the anemometer of the fan, and the change of the wind direction angle measurement value ⁇ within the set period is used.
  • An anti-overspeed control system for wind turbine generators for large turbulence conditions including a controller, anemometer, yaw system, and speed control system; the anemometer is connected to the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected to the The command input terminal of the yaw system and the speed control system;
  • the controller obtains the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle ⁇ of the wind turbine; calculates the change parameter ⁇ V of the wind speed V and the change parameter ⁇ of the wind direction angle ⁇ within the set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle ⁇ ; according to the change parameter ⁇ V and the change parameter ⁇ , select the control strategy of the unit in real time, and the control strategy of the unit selects the operation mode through the judgment of the absolute value of the wind speed change ⁇ V and the wind direction change
  • the controller adopts PLC.
  • the anti-overspeed group control strategy of wind turbines for large turbulence conditions disclosed in this application calculates the change parameter ⁇ V of wind speed V and the change of wind direction angle ⁇ within a certain period of time by measuring the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle ⁇ of the wind turbine Parameter ⁇ , through the results of the change parameter ⁇ V of wind speed V and the change parameter ⁇ of wind direction angle ⁇ , the control strategy of the unit is selected in real time; the strategy of this application is simple, efficient, and highly targeted, which can effectively prevent the overspeed phenomenon of the unit under large turbulence conditions
  • the generation of the unit improves the stability, reliability and economy of the unit operation; it can be written into the PLC control system of the fan through the subroutine, and runs in real time in the PLC control system, which is easy to transplant and expand; the control strategy of the anti-overspeed group provided by this application, It can realize the quick response of the wind power generating set, so as to effectively prevent the occurrence of overspeeding of the generating set, and improve
  • Figure 1 is a description of the control operation area.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of a control strategy.
  • the unit control strategy is selected in real time, and the unit control strategy selects the operation mode through the judgment of the absolute value of the wind speed change ⁇ V and the wind direction change
  • the fan starts, and the fan speed and power run according to the power curve set by the fan until the wind speed reaches the rated wind speed, and the fan is at the rated power.
  • the operation mode is selected by judging the absolute value of the wind speed variation ⁇ V and the wind direction variation
  • V t0 represents the wind speed measurement value of the anemometer in the previous cycle of the fan
  • V t1 represents the wind speed measurement value of the fan's current anemometer
  • ⁇ t0 represents the measured value of the wind direction angle of the fan in the previous cycle
  • ⁇ t1 represents the measured value of the current wind direction angle of the fan.
  • the setting time is corrected according to the actual wind conditions of the fan. Considering the actual mechanical action time of the fan, the time period of the wind speed change ⁇ V of the fan is greater than 5ms and less than 30ms; the time period of the wind direction change
  • is greater than 30s, less than 180s
  • the judging module judges according to the rules provided in the table below, and selects the corresponding operation mode A, operation mode B, operation mode C, and operation mode D respectively.
  • the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the speed control formula in the table, and control the unit speed n.
  • the yaw system does not work.
  • the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the speed control formula in the table, and control the unit speed n.
  • the yaw system moves according to the angle of the wind direction.
  • the unit torque setting value is the rated torque T of the unit, and the power setting value P is adjusted according to the speed control formula in the table to control the unit speed n.
  • the yaw system does not work.
  • the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the speed control formula in the table, and control the unit speed n.
  • the yaw system moves according to the angle of the wind direction.
  • the present application can also provide a wind turbine anti-overspeed control system for large turbulence conditions, including a controller, anemometer, yaw system, and speed control system; the anemometer is connected to the input end of the controller , the output end of the controller is connected to the command input end of the yaw system and the speed control system;
  • the controller obtains the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle ⁇ of the wind turbine; calculates the change parameter ⁇ V of the wind speed V and the change parameter ⁇ of the wind direction angle ⁇ within the set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle ⁇ ; according to the change parameter ⁇ V and the change parameter ⁇ , select the control strategy of the unit in real time, and the control strategy of the unit selects the operation mode through the judgment of the absolute value of the wind speed change ⁇ V and the wind direction change
  • the controller adopts PLC. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

A wind turbine overspeed-protection unit control method for a strong turbulence condition, specifically comprising the following: calculating a change parameter ΔV of wind speed V and a change parameter Δθ of a wind direction angle θ in a preset period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle θ; according to the wind speed change amount ΔV and the wind direction angle change amount Δθ, selecting in real time a unit control policy. In the unit control policy, both the wind speed change amount ΔV and the wind direction angle change amount Δθ are divided according to numerical values into a plurality of regions, and when both the wind speed change amount ΔV and the wind direction angle change amount Δθ are satisfied, then regulation is performed according to the region in which same is located. The control policy is simple, efficient, and highly targeted, and can effectively prevent the occurrence of the unit over-speeding in a strong turbulence condition, improving the stability, reliability, and economy of the unit. In addition, the present invention also relates to a system for implementing said control method.

Description

用于大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制方法及系统Wind turbine generator anti-overspeed group control method and system for large turbulence conditions
相关申请的交叉引用Cross References to Related Applications
本申请要求了2021年月9月16日向中国专利局提交的申请号为202111088292.5的专利的优先权，其全部内容以引用的方式并入本文中。This application claims the priority of the patent with application number 202111088292.5 filed with the China Patent Office on September 16, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
技术领域technical field
本申请属于风力发电控制技术领域，具体涉及一种用于大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制方法及系统。The application belongs to the technical field of wind power generation control, and in particular relates to a control method and system for a wind power generator anti-overspeed group used in large turbulent flow conditions.
背景技术Background technique
目前风机虽然分类了山地、平原等类型的风机，但对于具体的地形地貌、风速、风向等自然特征，并未针对性的进行设计。因此很多机型在大湍流状态下，面对由于自然环境产生的风速、风向较大波动的大湍流时，经常由于风机控制系统及整体系统的响应问题，导致风机超速现象的产生。At present, although wind turbines are classified into mountainous and plain wind turbines, there is no targeted design for specific natural features such as topography, wind speed, and wind direction. Therefore, in the state of large turbulence, many models face the large turbulence caused by the natural environment with large fluctuations in wind speed and direction, often due to the response problems of the fan control system and the overall system, resulting in the phenomenon of fan overspeed.
目前风电机组在达到额定风速后，基本采用定功率运行的控制策略，即机组在额定功率下运行，机组转速、转矩跟随风速、风向进行变化。该方法的优点是，由于功率较为恒定，因此对电网影响较低。但实际情况是面对大湍流的影响采用该控制策略时，常常由于转矩等参数响应不及时，造成风机电机转速超出其保护值，从而触发风电机组安全链，在短时间内导致机组停机脱网。一方面由于脱网的影响，实际上加大了对电网的冲击，另一方面由于转速过高导致机组超速飞车的风险增大。At present, after the wind turbine reaches the rated wind speed, the control strategy of constant power operation is basically adopted, that is, the unit operates at the rated power, and the speed and torque of the unit change with the wind speed and wind direction. The advantage of this method is that the impact on the grid is low since the power is more constant. However, the actual situation is that when this control strategy is adopted in the face of the influence of large turbulence, the speed of the fan motor exceeds its protection value often due to the untimely response of parameters such as torque, which triggers the safety chain of the wind turbine unit and causes the unit to shut down in a short time. net. On the one hand, due to the impact of off-grid, the impact on the power grid is actually increased. On the other hand, the risk of overspeeding of the unit due to excessive speed increases.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本申请提供一种用于大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制策略，通过测量得到的风电机组实时风速V及风向角度θ，计算一定时间内风速V的变化参数ΔV及风向角度θ的变化参数Δθ，通过对风速V的变化参数ΔV及风向角度θ的变化参数Δθ的结果，实时选择机组控制策略。In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, this application provides a wind turbine anti-overspeed group control strategy for large turbulence conditions, and calculates the wind speed within a certain period of time by measuring the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle θ of the wind turbine The change parameter ΔV of V and the change parameter Δθ of the wind direction angle θ, through the results of the change parameter ΔV of the wind speed V and the change parameter Δθ of the wind direction angle θ, the unit control strategy is selected in real time.
为了实现上述目的，本申请采用的技术方案是：一种用于大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制方法，具体如下：In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is: a control method for the anti-overspeed group of the wind power generator used in the large turbulent flow condition, as follows:
获取风电机组实时风速V及风向角度θ；Obtain the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle θ of the wind turbine;
根据实时风速V及风向角度θ计算设定周期内风速V的变化参数ΔV及风向角度θ的变化参数Δθ；Calculate the change parameter ΔV of wind speed V and the change parameter Δθ of wind direction angle θ within the set period according to the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle θ;
根据风速变化量ΔV和风向角度变化量Δθ，实时选择机组控制策略，所述机组控制策略中同时将所述风速变化量ΔV和风向角度变化量Δθ按照数值大小划分为若干个区域，同时满足风速变化量ΔV和风向角度变化量Δθ时，则按照其所在区域进行调控。According to the wind speed change ΔV and the wind direction angle change Δθ, the unit control strategy is selected in real time. In the unit control strategy, the wind speed change ΔV and the wind direction angle change Δθ are divided into several areas according to the numerical value, and at the same time satisfy the wind speed When the change amount ΔV and the wind direction angle change amount Δθ are adjusted according to the area where they are located.
所述机组控制策略通过下表对风机风速变化量ΔV，风向变化量|Δθ|的绝对值的判断选择运行模式：The control strategy of the unit selects the operation mode by judging the absolute value of the fan wind speed variation ΔV and the wind direction variation |Δθ| according to the following table:
Figure PCTCN2022070953-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022070953-appb-000001
其中：风机风速变化量ΔV＝V t1-V t0，V t0为风机前一周期风速仪风速测量值，V t1为风机当前风速仪风速测量值，风向变化量|Δθ|＝|θ t1-θ t0|，θ t0为风机前一周期风向角度测量值，θ t1代表风机当前风向角度测量值。 Among them: fan wind speed variation ΔV=V t1 -V t0 , V t0 is the wind speed measurement value of the fan anemometer in the previous period, V t1 is the wind speed measurement value of the fan current anemometer, wind direction change |Δθ|=|θ t1 -θ t0 |, θ t0 is the measured value of the wind direction angle of the fan in the previous period, and θ t1 is the measured value of the current wind direction angle of the fan.
设定周期内根据风机所处实际风况进行修正，考虑到实际风机的机械动作时间，其中风机风速变化量ΔV的时间周期均大于5ms，且小于30ms；风向变化量|Δθ|的时间周期均大于30s，小于180s。In the setting period, the correction is made according to the actual wind conditions of the fan. Considering the actual mechanical action time of the fan, the time period of the wind speed change ΔV of the fan is greater than 5ms and less than 30ms; the time period of the wind direction change |Δθ| Greater than 30s, less than 180s.
其中运行模式A，机组功率设定值为机组额定功率P 额，按照表中计算公式调节机组转矩设定值T，控制机组转速n，偏航系统不动作； In the operation mode A, the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the calculation formula in the table, control the unit speed n, and the yaw system does not operate;
其中运行模式B，机组功率设定值为机组额定功率P 额，按照表中计算公式调节机组转矩设定值T，控制机组转速n，偏航系统跟随风向角度动作； In the operation mode B, the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the calculation formula in the table, control the unit speed n, and the yaw system follows the wind direction angle;
其中运行模式C，机组转矩设定值为机组额定转矩T 额，按照表中计算公式调节功率设定值P，控制机组转速n，偏航系统不动作； In the operation mode C, the torque setting value of the unit is the rated torque T of the unit, and the power setting value P is adjusted according to the calculation formula in the table, and the speed n of the unit is controlled, and the yaw system does not operate;
其中运行模式D，机组功率设定值为机组额定功率P 额，按照表中计算公式调节机组转矩设定值T，控制机组转速n，偏航系统跟随风向角度动作。 In the operation mode D, the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the calculation formula in the table, control the unit speed n, and the yaw system follows the wind direction angle.
通过风机的风速风向仪采集风速测量值V，通过风向角度测量值θ的在设定周期内的变化。The wind speed measurement value V is collected through the anemometer of the fan, and the change of the wind direction angle measurement value θ within the set period is used.
一种用于大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制系统，包括控制器、风速风向仪、偏航系统以及转速控制系统；风速风向仪连接控制器的输入端，控制器的输出端连接偏航系统以及转速控制系统的指令输入端；An anti-overspeed control system for wind turbine generators for large turbulence conditions, including a controller, anemometer, yaw system, and speed control system; the anemometer is connected to the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected to the The command input terminal of the yaw system and the speed control system;
控制器获取风电机组实时风速V及风向角度θ；根据实时风速V及风向角度θ计算设定周期内风速V的变化参数ΔV及风向角度θ的变化参数Δθ；根据所述变化参数ΔV和变化参数Δθ，实时选择机组控制策略，所述机组控制策略通过下表对风机风速变化量ΔV，风向变化量|Δθ|的绝对值的判断选择运行模式；最后向偏航系统以及转速控制系统发送动作指令。The controller obtains the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle θ of the wind turbine; calculates the change parameter ΔV of the wind speed V and the change parameter Δθ of the wind direction angle θ within the set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle θ; according to the change parameter ΔV and the change parameter Δθ, select the control strategy of the unit in real time, and the control strategy of the unit selects the operation mode through the judgment of the absolute value of the wind speed change ΔV and the wind direction change |Δθ| of the fan in the following table; finally, the action command is sent to the yaw system and the speed control system .
所述控制器采用PLC。The controller adopts PLC.
基于本申请所述大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制方法的应用，当风机所处位置风速达到启动风速后，风机启动，风机转速、功率按照风机自定的功率曲线运行，直至风速达到额定风速后，不论风机功率是否达到额定功率均切换至本申请所述方法运行。Based on the application of the anti-overspeed group control method of the wind turbine generator under the large turbulent flow conditions described in this application, when the wind speed at the position of the fan reaches the starting wind speed, the fan starts, and the fan speed and power run according to the power curve set by the fan until the wind speed After reaching the rated wind speed, no matter whether the fan power reaches the rated power or not, it will switch to the method described in this application.
与现有技术相比，本申请至少具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:
本申请公开的用于大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制策略，通过测量得到的风电机组实时风速V及风向角度θ，计算一定时间内风速V的变化参数ΔV及风向角度θ的变化参数Δθ，通过对风速V的变化参数ΔV及风向角度θ的变化参数Δθ的结果，实时选择机组控制策略；本申请策略简洁、高效、针对性强，可有效防止大湍流工况时机组超速现象的产生，提高机组运行稳定性，可靠性及经济性；可通过子程序写入风机PLC控制系统，在PLC控制系统中实时运 行，易于进行移植和拓展；本申请提供的防超速组控制策略，可实现风力发电机组的快速响应，从而有效防止机组超速等现象的产生，提高机组运行稳定性，可靠性及经济性。The anti-overspeed group control strategy of wind turbines for large turbulence conditions disclosed in this application calculates the change parameter ΔV of wind speed V and the change of wind direction angle θ within a certain period of time by measuring the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle θ of the wind turbine Parameter Δθ, through the results of the change parameter ΔV of wind speed V and the change parameter Δθ of wind direction angle θ, the control strategy of the unit is selected in real time; the strategy of this application is simple, efficient, and highly targeted, which can effectively prevent the overspeed phenomenon of the unit under large turbulence conditions The generation of the unit improves the stability, reliability and economy of the unit operation; it can be written into the PLC control system of the fan through the subroutine, and runs in real time in the PLC control system, which is easy to transplant and expand; the control strategy of the anti-overspeed group provided by this application, It can realize the quick response of the wind power generating set, so as to effectively prevent the occurrence of overspeeding of the generating set, and improve the operating stability, reliability and economy of the generating set.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是控制运行区域说明。Figure 1 is a description of the control operation area.
图2是一种控制策略框图。Figure 2 is a block diagram of a control strategy.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本申请进行详细说明。The application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，获取风电机组实时风速V及风向角度θ；As shown in Figure 1, obtain the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle θ of the wind turbine;
根据实时风速V及风向角度θ计算设定周期内风速V的变化参数ΔV及风向角度θ的变化参数Δθ；Calculate the change parameter ΔV of wind speed V and the change parameter Δθ of wind direction angle θ within the set period according to the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle θ;
根据所述变化参数ΔV和变化参数Δθ，实时选择机组控制策略，所述机组控制策略通过下表对风机风速变化量ΔV，风向变化量|Δθ|的绝对值的判断选择运行模式：According to the change parameter ΔV and the change parameter Δθ, the unit control strategy is selected in real time, and the unit control strategy selects the operation mode through the judgment of the absolute value of the wind speed change ΔV and the wind direction change |Δθ| of the fan in the following table:
当风机所处位置风速达到启动风速后，风机启动，风机转速、功率按照风机自定的功率曲线运行，直至风速达到额定风速，风机处于额定功率。When the wind speed at the position of the fan reaches the start-up wind speed, the fan starts, and the fan speed and power run according to the power curve set by the fan until the wind speed reaches the rated wind speed, and the fan is at the rated power.
当风机风速达到额定风速后，此时若存在大湍流，将会对风机运行造成超速等不良影响。因此在该区间，只要风速达到额定风速，不论风机功率是否达到额定功率均切换至本申请提供的控制策略运行，即按照本申请所述大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制方法进行控制运行。When the wind speed of the fan reaches the rated wind speed, if there is a large turbulent flow at this time, it will cause adverse effects such as overspeed on the operation of the fan. Therefore, in this interval, as long as the wind speed reaches the rated wind speed, no matter whether the fan power reaches the rated power or not, it will switch to the control strategy provided by this application, that is, control according to the control method of the anti-overspeed group of the wind turbine under the large turbulent flow condition described in this application run.
如图2所示，当本申请控制策略运行时，通过下表对风机风速变化量ΔV，风向变化量|Δθ|的绝对值的判断选择运行模式。As shown in Figure 2, when the control strategy of this application is running, the operation mode is selected by judging the absolute value of the wind speed variation ΔV and the wind direction variation |Δθ| of the fan according to the following table.
其中：in:
风机风速变化量ΔV＝V t1-V t0； Fan wind speed variation ΔV = V t1 -V t0 ;
V t0代表风机前一周期风速仪风速测量值； V t0 represents the wind speed measurement value of the anemometer in the previous cycle of the fan;
V t1代表风机当前风速仪风速测量值； V t1 represents the wind speed measurement value of the fan's current anemometer;
风向变化量|Δθ|＝|θ t1-θ t0|； Wind direction variation |Δθ|=|θ t1 -θ t0 |;
θ t0代表风机前一周期风向角度测量值； θ t0 represents the measured value of the wind direction angle of the fan in the previous cycle;
θ t1代表风机当前风向角度测量值。 θ t1 represents the measured value of the current wind direction angle of the fan.
设定时间根据风机所处实际风况进行修正，考虑到实际风机的机械动作时间，其中风机风速变化量ΔV的时间周期均大于5ms，且小于30ms；风向变化量|Δθ|的时间周期均大于30s，小于180sThe setting time is corrected according to the actual wind conditions of the fan. Considering the actual mechanical action time of the fan, the time period of the wind speed change ΔV of the fan is greater than 5ms and less than 30ms; the time period of the wind direction change |Δθ| is greater than 30s, less than 180s
ΔV≤-0.8ΔV≤-0.8 0≤|Δθ|≤50≤|Δθ|≤5 CC n＝9550×P/T 额 n=9550×P/T amount 不动作no action
-0.8＜ΔV≤0-0.8<ΔV≤0 0≤|Δθ|≤50≤|Δθ|≤5 AA n＝9550×P 额/T n=9550×P amount /T 不动作no action
ΔV≤-0.8ΔV≤-0.8 |Δθ|＞5|Δθ|＞5 DD. n＝9550×P 额/T n=9550×P amount /T 动作action
-0.8＜ΔV≤0-0.8<ΔV≤0 |Δθ|＞5|Δθ|＞5 BB n＝9550×P 额/T n=9550×P amount /T 动作action
Figure PCTCN2022070953-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022070953-appb-000002
在对风机风速变化量ΔV，风向变化量|Δθ|进行计算后，判断模块按照下表提供的规则进行判断，分别选择对应的运行模式A、运行模式B、运行模式C、运行模式D。After calculating the fan wind speed variation ΔV and wind direction variation |Δθ|, the judging module judges according to the rules provided in the table below, and selects the corresponding operation mode A, operation mode B, operation mode C, and operation mode D respectively.
其中运行模式A，机组功率设定值为机组额定功率P 额，按照表中转速控制公式调节机组转矩设定值T，控制机组转速n。偏航系统不动作。 In the operation mode A, the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the speed control formula in the table, and control the unit speed n. The yaw system does not work.
其中运行模式B，机组功率设定值为机组额定功率P 额，按照表中转速控制公式调节机组转矩设定值T，控制机组转速n。偏航系统跟随风向角度动作。 In the operation mode B, the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the speed control formula in the table, and control the unit speed n. The yaw system moves according to the angle of the wind direction.
其中运行模式C，机组转矩设定值为机组额定转矩T 额，按照表中转速控制公式调节功率设定值P，控制机组转速n。偏航系统不动作。 In the operation mode C, the unit torque setting value is the rated torque T of the unit, and the power setting value P is adjusted according to the speed control formula in the table to control the unit speed n. The yaw system does not work.
其中运行模式D，机组功率设定值为机组额定功率P 额，按照表中转速控制公式调节机组转矩设定值T，控制机组转速n。偏航系统跟随风向角度动作。 In the operation mode D, the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the speed control formula in the table, and control the unit speed n. The yaw system moves according to the angle of the wind direction.
另外，本申请还可以提供一种用于大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制系统，包括控制器、风速风向仪、偏航系统以及转速控制系统；风速风向仪连接控制器的输入端，控制器的输出端连接偏航系统以及转速控制系统的指令输入端；In addition, the present application can also provide a wind turbine anti-overspeed control system for large turbulence conditions, including a controller, anemometer, yaw system, and speed control system; the anemometer is connected to the input end of the controller , the output end of the controller is connected to the command input end of the yaw system and the speed control system;
控制器获取风电机组实时风速V及风向角度θ；根据实时风速V及风向角度θ计算设定周期内风速V的变化参数ΔV及风向角度θ的变化参数Δθ；根据所述变化参数ΔV和变化参数Δθ，实时选择机组控制策略，所述机组控制策略通过下表对风机风速变化量ΔV，风向变化量|Δθ|的绝对值的判断选择运行模式；最后向偏航系统以及转速控制系统发送动作指令。The controller obtains the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle θ of the wind turbine; calculates the change parameter ΔV of the wind speed V and the change parameter Δθ of the wind direction angle θ within the set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle θ; according to the change parameter ΔV and the change parameter Δθ, select the control strategy of the unit in real time, and the control strategy of the unit selects the operation mode through the judgment of the absolute value of the wind speed change ΔV and the wind direction change |Δθ| of the fan in the following table; finally, the action command is sent to the yaw system and the speed control system .
可选的，所述控制器采用PLC。.Optionally, the controller adopts PLC. .
作为本申请所述方法的应用：当风机所处位置风速达到启动风速后，风机启动，风机转速、功率按照风机自定的功率曲线运行，直至风速达到额定风速后，不论风机功率是否达到额定功率均切换至本申请提供的控制策略运行。As an application of the method described in this application: when the wind speed at the position of the fan reaches the starting wind speed, the fan starts, and the fan speed and power run according to the power curve set by the fan until the wind speed reaches the rated wind speed, no matter whether the fan power reaches the rated power or not. All switch to the control strategy operation provided by this application.

Claims (8)

  1. 一种用于大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制方法，其特征在于，具体如下：A control method for an anti-overspeed group of a wind power generator used in a large turbulent flow condition, characterized in that, the details are as follows:
    获取风电机组实时风速V及风向角度θ；Obtain the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle θ of the wind turbine;
    根据实时风速V及风向角度θ计算设定周期内风速V的变化参数ΔV及风向角度θ的变化参数Δθ；Calculate the change parameter ΔV of wind speed V and the change parameter Δθ of wind direction angle θ within the set period according to the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle θ;
    根据风速变化量ΔV和风向角度变化量Δθ，实时选择机组控制策略，所述机组控制策略中同时将所述风速变化量ΔV和风向角度变化量Δθ按照数值大小划分为若干个区域，同时满足风速变化量ΔV和风向角度变化量Δθ时，则按照其所在区域进行调控。According to the wind speed change ΔV and the wind direction angle change Δθ, the unit control strategy is selected in real time. In the unit control strategy, the wind speed change ΔV and the wind direction angle change Δθ are divided into several areas according to the numerical value, and at the same time satisfy the wind speed When the change amount ΔV and the wind direction angle change amount Δθ are adjusted according to the area where they are located.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的所述的方法，其特征在于，所述机组控制策略通过下表对风机风速变化量ΔV，风向变化量|Δθ|的绝对值的判断选择运行模式：The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the control strategy of the unit selects the operation mode by judging the absolute value of the fan wind speed variation ΔV and the wind direction variation |Δθ| according to the following table:
    Figure PCTCN2022070953-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2022070953-appb-100001
    其中：风机风速变化量ΔV＝V t1-V t0，V t0为风机前一周期风速仪风速测量值，V t1为风机当前风速仪风速测量值，风向变化量|Δθ|＝|θ t1-θ t0|，θ t0为风机前一周期风向角度测量值，θ t1代表风机当前风向角度测量值。 Among them: fan wind speed variation ΔV=V t1 -V t0 , V t0 is the wind speed measurement value of the fan anemometer in the previous period, V t1 is the wind speed measurement value of the fan current anemometer, wind direction change |Δθ|=|θ t1 -θ t0 |, θ t0 is the measured value of the wind direction angle of the fan in the previous period, and θ t1 is the measured value of the current wind direction angle of the fan.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的所述的方法，其特征在于，设定周期内根据风机所处实际风况进行修正，考虑到实际风机的机械动作时间，其中风机风速变化量ΔV的时间周期均大于5ms，且小于30ms；风向变化量|Δθ|的时间周期均大于30s，小于180s。The method according to claim 1, wherein the correction is made according to the actual wind condition of the fan within the set period, taking into account the mechanical action time of the actual fan, wherein the time period of the wind speed variation ΔV of the fan is greater than 5ms, and less than 30ms; the time period of wind direction change |Δθ| is greater than 30s, less than 180s.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的所述的方法，其特征在于，其中运行模式A，机组功率设定值为机组额定功率P 额，按照表中计算公式调节机组转矩设定值T，控制机组转速n，偏航系统不动作； The method according to claim 1, wherein, in the operation mode A, the unit power setting value is the rated power P of the unit, and the unit torque setting value T is adjusted according to the calculation formula in the table to control the unit speed n, the yaw system does not operate;
    其中运行模式B，机组功率设定值为机组额定功率P 额，按照表中计算公式调节机组转矩设定值T，控制机组转速n，偏航系统跟随风向角度动作； In the operation mode B, the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the calculation formula in the table, control the unit speed n, and the yaw system follows the wind direction angle;
    其中运行模式C，机组转矩设定值为机组额定转矩T 额，按照表中计算公式调节功率设定值P，控制机组转速n，偏航系统不动作； In the operation mode C, the torque setting value of the unit is the rated torque T of the unit, and the power setting value P is adjusted according to the calculation formula in the table, and the speed n of the unit is controlled, and the yaw system does not operate;
    其中运行模式D，机组功率设定值为机组额定功率P 额，按照表中计算公式调节机组转矩设定值T，控制机组转速n，偏航系统跟随风向角度动作。 In the operation mode D, the unit power setting value is the unit rated power P, adjust the unit torque setting value T according to the calculation formula in the table, control the unit speed n, and the yaw system follows the wind direction angle.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的所述的方法，其特征在于，通过风机的风速风向仪采集风速测量值V，通过风向角度测量值θ的在设定周期内的变化。The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the wind speed measurement value V is collected by the anemometer of the fan, and the change of the wind direction angle measurement value θ within a set period is used.
  6. 一种用于大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制系统，其特征在于，包括控制器、风速风向仪、偏航系统以及转速控制系统；风速风向仪连接控制器的输入端，控制器的输出端连接偏航系统以及转速控制系统的指令输入端；A wind turbine generator anti-overspeed control system for large turbulent conditions, characterized in that it includes a controller, anemometer, yaw system and speed control system; the anemometer is connected to the input end of the controller, and the controller The output terminal is connected to the command input terminal of the yaw system and the speed control system;
    控制器获取风电机组实时风速V及风向角度θ；根据实时风速V及风向角度θ计算设定周期内风速V的变化参数ΔV及风向角度θ的变化参数Δθ；根据所述变化参数ΔV和变化参数Δθ，实时选择机组控制策略，所述机组控制策略通过下表对风机风速变化量ΔV，风向变化量|Δθ|的绝对值的判断选择运行模式；最后向偏航系统以及转速控制系统发送动作指令。The controller obtains the real-time wind speed V and wind direction angle θ of the wind turbine; calculates the change parameter ΔV of the wind speed V and the change parameter Δθ of the wind direction angle θ in the set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle θ; according to the change parameter ΔV and the change parameter Δθ, select the control strategy of the unit in real time, and the control strategy of the unit selects the operation mode through the judgment of the absolute value of the wind speed change ΔV and the wind direction change |Δθ| of the fan in the following table; finally, the action command is sent to the yaw system and the speed control system .
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的系统，其特征在于，所述控制器采用PLC。The system according to claim 6, wherein the controller is PLC.
  8. 一种大湍流工况的风力发电机防超速组控制方法的应用，其特征在于，当风机所处位置风速达到启动风速后，风机启动，风机转速、功率按照风机自定的功率曲线运行，直至风速达到额定风速后，不论风机功率是否达到额定功率均切换至权利要求1-5任一项所述方法运行。An application of an anti-overspeed group control method for wind power generators under large turbulence conditions, characterized in that, when the wind speed at the position of the fan reaches the starting wind speed, the fan starts, and the speed and power of the fan run according to the power curve set by the fan until After the wind speed reaches the rated wind speed, no matter whether the fan power reaches the rated power or not, it is switched to the method described in any one of claims 1-5.
PCT/CN2022/070953 2021-09-16 2022-01-10 Wind turbine overspeed-protection unit control method and system for strong turbulence condition WO2023040141A1 (en)

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