CN113586335A - Wind driven generator overspeed prevention group control method and system for large turbulence working condition - Google Patents

Wind driven generator overspeed prevention group control method and system for large turbulence working condition Download PDF

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CN113586335A
CN113586335A CN202111088292.5A CN202111088292A CN113586335A CN 113586335 A CN113586335 A CN 113586335A CN 202111088292 A CN202111088292 A CN 202111088292A CN 113586335 A CN113586335 A CN 113586335A
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wind
wind direction
fan
variation
wind speed
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CN113586335B (en
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王恩民
任鑫
王剑钊
童彤
赵鹏程
杜静宇
王�华
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0276—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling rotor speed, e.g. variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/321—Wind directions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind driven generator overspeed prevention group control method and system for a high turbulence working condition, wherein the method comprises the following steps: calculating a variation parameter delta V of the wind speed V and a variation parameter delta theta of the wind direction angle theta in a set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle theta; selecting a unit control strategy in real time according to the wind speed variation delta V and the wind direction angle variation delta theta, wherein the unit control strategy simultaneously divides the wind speed variation delta V and the wind direction angle variation delta theta into a plurality of areas according to the numerical value, and when the wind speed variation delta V and the wind direction angle variation delta theta are met, the unit control strategy regulates and controls according to the areas where the unit control strategy is located; the control strategy is simple, efficient and strong in pertinence, and can effectively prevent the overspeed phenomenon of the unit under the working condition of high turbulence, and improve the operation stability, reliability and economy of the unit.

Description

Wind driven generator overspeed prevention group control method and system for large turbulence working condition
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation control, and particularly relates to a wind driven generator overspeed group prevention control method and system for a high-turbulence working condition.
Background
Although the existing fans are classified into mountain land fans, plain fans and other types, the existing fans are not designed for specific natural characteristics such as landforms, wind speeds and wind directions. Therefore, in a state of large turbulence, when a large turbulence with large fluctuation of wind speed and wind direction generated by a natural environment is faced by a plurality of machine types, the phenomenon of overspeed of the fan is caused frequently due to the response problems of a fan control system and an integral system.
At present, after a wind turbine generator reaches a rated wind speed, a control strategy of constant-power operation is basically adopted, namely, the wind turbine generator operates under the rated power, and the rotating speed and the torque of the wind turbine generator change along with the wind speed and the wind direction. The advantage of this method is that the power is relatively constant and therefore has a relatively low impact on the grid. However, in the actual situation, when the control strategy is adopted in the face of the influence of large turbulence, the rotating speed of a fan motor exceeds the protection value of the fan motor due to untimely response of parameters such as torque and the like, so that a safety chain of the wind turbine generator is triggered, and the wind turbine generator is stopped and disconnected in a short time. On one hand, due to the influence of off-line, the impact on the power grid is actually increased, and on the other hand, the risk of overspeed runaway of the unit is increased due to overhigh rotating speed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an overspeed group prevention control strategy for a wind driven generator under a high turbulence working condition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a wind driven generator overspeed prevention group control method for a high-turbulence working condition comprises the following specific steps:
acquiring a real-time wind speed V and a wind direction angle theta of a wind turbine generator;
calculating a variation parameter delta V of the wind speed V and a variation parameter delta theta of the wind direction angle theta in a set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle theta;
and selecting a unit control strategy in real time according to the wind speed variation delta V and the wind direction angle variation delta theta, dividing the wind speed variation delta V and the wind direction angle variation delta theta into a plurality of areas according to the numerical value in the unit control strategy, and regulating and controlling according to the areas where the wind speed variation delta V and the wind direction angle variation delta theta are met.
The unit control strategy selects an operation mode according to the following judgment on the absolute values of the wind speed variation delta V and the wind direction variation | delta theta | of the fan:
Figure BDA0003266352170000021
wherein: wind speed variation delta V of fan is Vt1-Vt0，Vt0Is the wind speed measurement value V of the wind meter in the previous period of the fant1The wind direction variation is the wind speed measurement value of the current anemometer of the fan, and the wind direction variation is equal to thetat1-θt0|，θt0Is a wind direction angle measurement value theta of the previous period of the fant1-a current wind direction angle measurement of the fan.
Correcting according to the actual wind condition of the fan in a set period, and considering the mechanical action time of the actual fan, wherein the time periods of the wind speed variation delta V of the fan are both more than 5ms and less than 30 ms; the time periods of the wind direction variation | Δ θ | are all larger than 30s and smaller than 180 s.
In the running mode A, the set power set value is set rated power PForehead (forehead)Regulating set torque value T of the unit according to a calculation formula in the table, and controlling the rotating speed n of the unitThe yaw system is not actuated;
in the running mode B, the set power set value is set rated power PForehead (forehead)Adjusting a set torque value T of the unit according to a calculation formula in the table, controlling the rotating speed n of the unit, and enabling a yaw system to act along with the wind direction angle;
in the running mode C, the set torque set value is set rated torque T of the setForehead (forehead)Adjusting a power set value P according to a calculation formula in the table, controlling the rotating speed n of the unit, and enabling a yaw system not to act;
in the running mode D, the set power set value is set rated power PForehead (forehead)And adjusting a set torque value T of the unit according to a calculation formula in the table, controlling the rotating speed n of the unit, and enabling the yaw system to act along with the wind direction angle.
And acquiring a wind speed measurement value V through a wind speed anemoscope of the fan, and changing a wind direction angle measurement value theta in a set period.
A wind driven generator overspeed prevention group control system for a large turbulence working condition comprises a controller, an anemorumbometer, a yaw system and a rotating speed control system; the anemorumbometer is connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with the command input ends of the yaw system and the rotating speed control system;
the method comprises the steps that a controller obtains a real-time wind speed V and a wind direction angle theta of a wind turbine generator; calculating a variation parameter delta V of the wind speed V and a variation parameter delta theta of the wind direction angle theta in a set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle theta; selecting a unit control strategy in real time according to the change parameter delta V and the change parameter delta theta, wherein the unit control strategy selects an operation mode through the judgment of the following table on the absolute values of the wind speed change delta V and the wind direction change | delta theta | of the fan; and finally, sending an action command to the yaw system and the rotating speed control system.
The controller adopts a PLC.
Based on the application of the overspeed prevention group control method for the wind driven generator under the high turbulence working condition, when the wind speed at the position of the fan reaches the starting wind speed, the fan is started, the rotating speed and the power of the fan operate according to the self-determined power curve of the fan until the wind speed reaches the rated wind speed, and the method is switched to operate no matter whether the power of the fan reaches the rated power or not.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses an overspeed prevention control strategy for a wind driven generator under a large turbulence working condition, which is characterized in that a variation parameter delta V of a wind speed V and a variation parameter delta theta of a wind direction angle theta within a certain time are calculated through measuring the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle theta of the wind driven generator, and a unit control strategy is selected in real time through results of the variation parameter delta V of the wind speed V and the variation parameter delta theta of the wind direction angle theta; the method has the advantages of simple strategy, high efficiency and strong pertinence, can effectively prevent the overspeed phenomenon of the unit under the working condition of high turbulence, and improves the operation stability, reliability and economy of the unit; the system can be written into a PLC control system of the fan through subprograms, runs in the PLC control system in real time, and is easy to transplant and expand; the overspeed prevention control strategy provided by the invention can realize the quick response of the wind generating set, thereby effectively preventing the generation of phenomena such as unit overspeed and the like, and improving the operation stability, reliability and economy of the unit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a control operation region illustration.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a control strategy.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, acquiring a real-time wind speed V and a wind direction angle θ of a wind turbine;
calculating a variation parameter delta V of the wind speed V and a variation parameter delta theta of the wind direction angle theta in a set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle theta;
selecting a unit control strategy in real time according to the change parameter delta V and the change parameter delta theta, wherein the unit control strategy selects an operation mode according to the following judgment on the absolute values of the wind speed change delta V and the wind direction change | delta theta | of the fan:
when the wind speed of the position where the fan is located reaches the starting wind speed, the fan is started, the rotating speed and the power of the fan operate according to a power curve determined by the fan until the wind speed reaches the rated wind speed, and the fan is at the rated power.
When the wind speed of the fan reaches the rated wind speed, if a large turbulent flow exists, the fan will be subjected to overspeed and other adverse effects. Therefore, in the interval, as long as the wind speed reaches the rated wind speed, the control strategy provided by the invention is switched to operate no matter whether the power of the fan reaches the rated power, namely the wind driven generator overspeed prevention group control method under the high-turbulence working condition is used for controlling and operating.
As shown in fig. 2, when the control strategy of the present invention is operated, the operation mode is selected by the following table for determining the absolute values of the wind speed variation Δ V and the wind direction variation | Δ θ |.
Wherein:
wind speed variation delta V of fan is Vt1-Vt0；
Vt0-wind speed measurement of the anemometer in a previous period of the wind turbine;
Vt1-a current anemometer wind speed measurement of the wind turbine;
wind direction variation | Δ θ | ═ θt1-θt0|；
θt0-wind direction angle measurements of a previous period of the fan;
θt1-a current wind direction angle measurement of the fan.
Correcting the set time according to the actual wind condition of the fan, and considering the mechanical action time of the actual fan, wherein the time periods of the wind speed variation delta V of the fan are both more than 5ms and less than 30 ms; the time periods of the wind direction variation amount delta theta are all larger than 30s and smaller than 180s
Figure BDA0003266352170000051
Figure BDA0003266352170000061
After the wind speed variation delta V and the wind direction variation delta theta of the fan are calculated, the judgment module judges according to the rules provided by the following table, and selects the corresponding operation mode A, operation mode B, operation mode C and operation mode D respectively.
In the running mode A, the set power set value is set rated power PForehead (forehead)And adjusting a set torque value T of the unit according to a rotating speed control formula in the table, and controlling the rotating speed n of the unit. The yaw system is not active.
In the running mode B, the set power set value is set rated power PForehead (forehead)And adjusting a set torque value T of the unit according to a rotating speed control formula in the table, and controlling the rotating speed n of the unit. The yaw system follows the wind direction angle.
In the running mode C, the set torque set value is set rated torque T of the setForehead (forehead)And adjusting the power set value P according to a rotating speed control formula in the table, and controlling the rotating speed n of the unit. The yaw system is not active.
In the running mode D, the set power set value is set rated power PForehead (forehead)And adjusting a set torque value T of the unit according to a rotating speed control formula in the table, and controlling the rotating speed n of the unit. The yaw system follows the wind direction angle.
In addition, the invention also can provide a wind driven generator overspeed prevention group control system for the large turbulence working condition, which comprises a controller, an anemorumbometer, a yaw system and a rotating speed control system; the anemorumbometer is connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with the command input ends of the yaw system and the rotating speed control system;
the method comprises the steps that a controller obtains a real-time wind speed V and a wind direction angle theta of a wind turbine generator; calculating a variation parameter delta V of the wind speed V and a variation parameter delta theta of the wind direction angle theta in a set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle theta; selecting a unit control strategy in real time according to the change parameter delta V and the change parameter delta theta, wherein the unit control strategy selects an operation mode through the judgment of the following table on the absolute values of the wind speed change delta V and the wind direction change | delta theta | of the fan; and finally, sending an action command to the yaw system and the rotating speed control system.
Preferably, the controller adopts a PLC. .
The application of the method of the invention is as follows: when the wind speed of the position where the fan is located reaches the starting wind speed, the fan is started, the rotating speed and the power of the fan operate according to a power curve determined by the fan, and the fan is switched to operate according to the control strategy provided by the invention no matter whether the power of the fan reaches the rated power or not after the wind speed reaches the rated wind speed.

Claims (8)

1. A wind driven generator overspeed prevention group control method for a high-turbulence working condition is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a real-time wind speed V and a wind direction angle theta of a wind turbine generator;
calculating a variation parameter delta V of the wind speed V and a variation parameter delta theta of the wind direction angle theta in a set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle theta;
and selecting a unit control strategy in real time according to the wind speed variation delta V and the wind direction angle variation delta theta, dividing the wind speed variation delta V and the wind direction angle variation delta theta into a plurality of areas according to the numerical value in the unit control strategy, and regulating and controlling according to the areas where the wind speed variation delta V and the wind direction angle variation delta theta are met.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant control strategy selects the operation mode by determining the absolute values of the wind speed variation Δ V and the wind direction variation | Δ θ | of the wind turbine as follows:
Figure FDA0003266352160000011
wherein: wind speed variation delta V of fan is Vt1-Vt0，Vt0Is the wind speed measurement value V of the wind meter in the previous period of the fant1The wind direction variation is the wind speed measurement value of the current anemometer of the fan, and the wind direction variation is equal to thetat1-θt0|，θt0Is a wind direction angle measurement value theta of the previous period of the fant1-a current wind direction angle measurement of the fan.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the correction is carried out according to the actual wind conditions of the fan in the set period, and the time periods of the wind speed variation Δ V of the fan are all more than 5ms and less than 30ms in consideration of the mechanical action time of the actual fan; the time periods of the wind direction variation | Δ θ | are all larger than 30s and smaller than 180 s.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in mode a, the unit power setpoint is a unit rated power PForehead (forehead)Adjusting a set torque value T of the unit according to a calculation formula in the table, controlling the rotating speed n of the unit, and enabling a yaw system not to act;
in the running mode B, the set power set value is set rated power PForehead (forehead)Adjusting a set torque value T of the unit according to a calculation formula in the table, controlling the rotating speed n of the unit, and enabling a yaw system to act along with the wind direction angle;
in the running mode C, the set torque set value is set rated torque T of the setForehead (forehead)Adjusting a power set value P according to a calculation formula in the table, controlling the rotating speed n of the unit, and enabling a yaw system not to act;
in the running mode D, the set power set value is set rated power PForehead (forehead)And adjusting a set torque value T of the unit according to a calculation formula in the table, controlling the rotating speed n of the unit, and enabling the yaw system to act along with the wind direction angle.
5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the anemometric measurement V is collected by an anemorumbometer of the wind turbine, by a variation of the wind direction angle measurement θ over a set period.
6. A wind driven generator overspeed prevention group control system for a high-turbulence working condition is characterized by comprising a controller, an anemorumbometer, a yaw system and a rotating speed control system; the anemorumbometer is connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with the command input ends of the yaw system and the rotating speed control system;
the method comprises the steps that a controller obtains a real-time wind speed V and a wind direction angle theta of a wind turbine generator; calculating a variation parameter delta V of the wind speed V and a variation parameter delta theta of the wind direction angle theta in a set period according to the real-time wind speed V and the wind direction angle theta; selecting a unit control strategy in real time according to the change parameter delta V and the change parameter delta theta, wherein the unit control strategy selects an operation mode through the judgment of the following table on the absolute values of the wind speed change delta V and the wind direction change | delta theta | of the fan; and finally, sending an action command to the yaw system and the rotating speed control system.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the controller employs a PLC.
8. The application of the control method of the overspeed prevention group of the wind driven generator under the large turbulence working condition is characterized in that when the wind speed at the position where the fan is located reaches the starting wind speed, the fan is started, the rotating speed and the power of the fan operate according to the self-set power curve of the fan until the wind speed reaches the rated wind speed, and the method is switched to operate according to any one of claims 1 to 5 no matter whether the power of the fan reaches the rated power or not.
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PCT/CN2022/070953 WO2023040141A1 (en) 2021-09-16 2022-01-10 Wind turbine overspeed-protection unit control method and system for strong turbulence condition

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CN115653831A (en) * 2022-11-11 2023-01-31 国家能源集团山西电力有限公司 Emergency yaw control system and method for wind generating set

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