WO2023039853A1 - 车辆热管理系统及车辆热管理方法 - Google Patents

车辆热管理系统及车辆热管理方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023039853A1
WO2023039853A1 PCT/CN2021/119147 CN2021119147W WO2023039853A1 WO 2023039853 A1 WO2023039853 A1 WO 2023039853A1 CN 2021119147 W CN2021119147 W CN 2021119147W WO 2023039853 A1 WO2023039853 A1 WO 2023039853A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric drive
battery
circuit
flow path
thermal management
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PCT/CN2021/119147
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
仇杰
潘乐燕
牛凤仙
赵志宇
王磊
Original Assignee
上海汽车集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 上海汽车集团股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/119147 priority Critical patent/WO2023039853A1/zh
Priority to CN202180002907.XA priority patent/CN113993731B/zh
Publication of WO2023039853A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023039853A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00321Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
    • B60H1/00342Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices of the liquid-liquid type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/02Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/04Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant
    • B60H1/06Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant directly from main radiator
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/02Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/14Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
    • B60H1/143Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B60K11/04Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545Temperature
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of thermal management of new energy vehicles, in particular to a vehicle thermal management system and a vehicle thermal management method.
  • the thermal management system of new energy vehicles is a system that manages the heat of new energy vehicles, and the operation of the thermal management system also has a great impact on the cruising range of new energy vehicles. In order to make the mileage of new energy vehicles longer and longer, the requirements for the thermal management system of new energy vehicles are also getting higher and higher.
  • the thermal management system of new energy vehicles usually consists of three parts.
  • One is the thermal management of the passenger compartment, which needs to control the temperature of the passenger compartment at 15°C-20°C and the humidity at about 50%-60% to meet the needs of passengers; the second is the battery.
  • the thermal management of the battery needs to control the working temperature of the battery at 25°C-45°C; the third is the thermal management of the drive components.
  • the drive system mainly includes heating elements such as drive motors, regulated power supplies, and motor controllers.
  • the thermal management goal for the drive components is to control the coolant temperature below 65°C.
  • a water-side high-voltage electric heater is generally installed on the water side or an air-side high-voltage electric heater is installed on the air side, but the heating efficiency of these two methods is very low.
  • a water-side high-voltage electric heater is added to the battery circuit to heat the coolant at a low temperature, and the heating efficiency of this method is also very low.
  • some models add a heat pump system to the thermal management system based on the refrigerant cycle.
  • the traditional heat pump system absorbs heat from the environment through the evaporation of the refrigerant inside the outdoor heat exchange device.
  • the refrigerant throttling through the expansion valve becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid and enters the outdoor heat exchange device, and the refrigerant must be lower than the ambient temperature.
  • the characteristic of the refrigerant is that the greater the degree of throttling and the lower the low pressure, the lower the corresponding refrigerant temperature. For example, when the ambient temperature is lower than -15°C, the refrigerant temperature needs to be lower than -20°C to absorb heat from the environment through the outdoor heat exchange device.
  • the absolute pressure of the refrigerant is only 1.3bar.
  • the mass flow rate of the same volume of refrigerant sucked by the compressor will drop significantly, resulting in overheating of the compressor, And the problem of poor lubricating oil return, which will cause the compressor to fail.
  • the temperature of the outdoor heat exchange device is lower than the ambient temperature, the temperature difference between the two is large.
  • the outdoor heat exchange device exchanges heat, the air temperature drops, causing the water vapor in the air to condense and become frost and adhere to the outdoor heat exchange device. , which will reduce the heat exchange capacity of the outdoor heat exchange device, which in turn will lead to a decrease in the performance of the heat pump system, and the heat pump system will stop working after frosting to a certain extent.
  • the purpose of this application is to solve the problem of low working efficiency of the thermal management system in the prior art.
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a vehicle thermal management system, which includes an air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit, a battery thermal management circuit, and an electric drive thermal management circuit.
  • a battery cooler There is a battery is installed on the battery thermal management circuit.
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit includes the electric drive coolant main circuit and the heat dissipation main circuit connected in series.
  • a radiator on the main road, and the vehicle thermal management system also includes a thermoelectric heat exchange device.
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit also includes a heat dissipation bypass and an electric drive flow switching component, and the heat dissipation bypass and the heat dissipation main circuit are connected in parallel , the electric drive flow circuit switching component is connected between one end of the heat dissipation main circuit, one end of the heat dissipation bypass and one end of the electric drive coolant main circuit; wherein, the electric drive coolant main circuit is selectively After being connected with the heat dissipation main road or the heat dissipation bypass, a loop is formed.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device between the battery thermal management circuit and the electric drive thermal management circuit
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device as a primary heat pump, can absorb the heat in the electric drive components, battery, and environment, and cool and heat the air conditioner.
  • a battery cooler is set between the circuit and the battery thermal management circuit.
  • the air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit can absorb the heat of the thermoelectric heat exchange device through the battery cooler, and the compressor of the air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit can be used as a secondary heat pump to heat the passenger compartment. Therefore, even when the ambient temperature is low, the compressor can absorb heat from the electric drive components, the battery, and the environment, so that it will not fail due to overheating or stop working due to frost.
  • the radiator may not be connected when the ambient temperature is low or when there is no need to absorb heat from the environment, thereby preventing the heat generated by the electric drive components from being conducted to the environment and causing Waste, or the low temperature of the coolant in the thermal management circuit of the electric drive reduces the working efficiency of the electric drive components.
  • the battery and the passenger compartment are heated by the heat of the electric drive components, which can effectively utilize the heat of the electric drive components and improve the utilization rate of heat.
  • the heat absorbed by the thermoelectric heat exchange device from the electric drive heat management circuit, and the heat absorbed by the battery cooler from the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit can be used to heat the battery, which improves the heating efficiency of the battery, thus eliminating the need for cooling in the air-conditioning system.
  • the thermal circuit and battery thermal management circuit are equipped with a thermal element (Positive Temperature Coefficient, PTC) for heating, which reduces the system cost.
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device includes a thermoelectric heat exchange unit, and the thermoelectric heat exchange unit includes sequentially stacked along the thickness direction of the thermoelectric heat exchange device.
  • Battery liquid cooling module, thermoelectric module and electric drive liquid cooling module one side of the thermoelectric module is in contact with the battery liquid cooling module, the other side of the thermoelectric module is in contact with the electric drive liquid cooling module, the battery liquid cooling
  • the module is set on the battery thermal management circuit and is set in series with the battery.
  • the electric drive liquid cooling module is set on the main circuit of the electric drive coolant and is set in series with the electric drive components.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device has two thermoelectric heat exchange units, and the two thermoelectric heat exchange units are stacked sequentially in the thickness direction of the thermoelectric heat exchange device.
  • the battery liquid cooling module of one of the thermoelectric heat exchange units is set close to the battery liquid cooling module of the other thermoelectric heat exchange unit, and the battery liquid cooling module of one of the thermoelectric heat exchange units is connected to the other thermoelectric heat exchange unit
  • a third heat conduction layer is also arranged between the battery liquid cooling modules of the body.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device by integrating the battery liquid cooling module, thermoelectric module and electric drive liquid cooling module together to form a thermoelectric heat exchange device, only one component can realize the heat of the battery thermal management circuit and the electric drive thermal management circuit Delivery, higher integration.
  • the thermoelectric module includes a first heat conduction layer, a semiconductor layer and a second heat conduction layer stacked in sequence along the thickness direction of the thermoelectric heat exchange unit ;
  • One side of the first heat conduction layer is in contact with the battery liquid cooling module, the other side of the first heat conduction layer is in contact with one side of the semiconductor layer, the other side of the semiconductor layer is in contact with one side of the second heat conduction layer, and the second The other side of the heat conduction layer is in contact with the electric drive liquid cooling module
  • the semiconductor layer includes a plurality of semiconductors arranged in a matrix.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device heat transfer efficiency using the heat conduction layer and the semiconductor layer group thermoelectric module, because the semiconductor layer generates heat quickly, the heat conduction layer can further transfer heat to the battery liquid cooling module and the electric drive liquid cooling module, which can improve the performance of the thermoelectric heat exchange device heat transfer efficiency.
  • the main circuit of the electric drive coolant includes a thermoelectric heat exchange flow path and an electric drive flow path sequentially connected in series, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device Set on the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path, the electric drive component is set on the electric drive flow path, the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path is one end of the electric drive coolant main path, and is connected with the electric drive flow circuit switching component, the electric drive flow path One end is the other end of the electric drive coolant main circuit, and is connected to the other end of the heat dissipation main circuit and the other end of the heat dissipation bypass; the electric drive thermal management circuit also includes a thermoelectric heat exchange bypass, and one end of the heat exchange bypass is connected to the One end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path is connected, and the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass is connected to the switching component of the electric drive flow path, so that the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass and the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path are set in
  • thermoelectric heat exchange bypass when the thermoelectric heat exchange device is not powered on, the coolant can flow through the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass and not flow through the thermoelectric heat exchange device.
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device can be conveniently maintained and replaced. Even if the thermoelectric heat exchange device fails, the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass can be temporarily used to ensure the circulation of the circuit, maintain the basic cooling or heating demand, and improve the stability of the system.
  • the electric drive flow path switching component is a four-way valve, and the four-way valve has a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port.
  • Interface the first interface is connected to one end of the heat dissipation main circuit, the second interface is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path, the third interface is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass, and the fourth interface is connected to one end of the heat dissipation bypass connection;
  • the electric drive flow path is also provided with an electric drive circuit water pump, and the electric drive circuit water pump is arranged between the thermoelectric heat exchange device and the electric drive assembly.
  • the main circuit of the electric drive coolant includes a thermoelectric heat exchange flow path and an electric drive flow path sequentially connected in series, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device Set on the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path, the electric drive component is set on the electric drive flow path, the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path is one end of the electric drive coolant main path, and is connected with the electric drive flow circuit switching component, the electric drive flow path One end is the other end of the electric drive coolant main circuit, and is connected with the other end of the heat dissipation main circuit and the other end of the heat dissipation bypass; the electric drive circuit water pump and the heat exchange three-way valve are also installed on the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path, and the electric drive circuit The water pump of the drive circuit and the heat exchange three-way valve are connected in series, and the water pump of the electric drive circuit is set between the heat exchange three-way valve and the thermoelectric heat exchange device; the electric drive heat management circuit
  • the main circuit of the electric drive coolant includes a thermoelectric heat exchange flow path and an electric drive flow path sequentially connected in series, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device Set on the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path, the electric drive component is set on the electric drive flow path, the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path is one end of the electric drive coolant main path, and is connected with the electric drive flow circuit switching component, the electric drive flow path One end is the other end of the electric drive coolant main circuit, and is connected with the other end of the heat dissipation main circuit and the other end of the heat dissipation bypass; the electric drive circuit water pump and the heat exchange three-way valve are also installed on the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path, and the electric drive circuit The water pump of the drive circuit and the heat exchange three-way valve are connected in series, and the water pump of the electric drive circuit is set between the heat exchange three-way valve and the thermoelectric heat exchange device; the electric drive heat management circuit
  • the first port of the heat exchange three-way valve is connected to the water pump of the electric drive circuit, and the second port of the heat exchange three-way valve is connected to the other end of the electric drive flow path. Connection, the third interface of the heat exchange three-way valve is connected to one end of the electric drive bypass;
  • the electric drive flow path switching component includes a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve connected in series, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve both have a first port, a second port and a third port; the first port of the first three-way valve is connected to one end of the heat dissipation main circuit, and the second port of the first three-way valve is connected to the thermoelectric heat exchange The other end of the flow path is connected, the third port of the first three-way valve is connected to the first port of the second three-way valve; the second port of the second three-way valve is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass, the electric drive bypass The other end of the road is connected, and the third port of the second
  • the battery thermal management circuit includes a battery coolant main circuit and a battery flow circuit connected in series, a thermoelectric heat exchange device and a battery cooler They are all set on the battery coolant main circuit, and the battery is set on the battery flow channel; and, the battery thermal management circuit also includes battery bypass and battery flow switch components; the battery bypass and the battery coolant main circuit are connected in parallel, and the battery The flow path switching component is connected between the other end of the battery coolant main path, one end of the battery bypass, and one end of the battery flow path; A battery loop water pump is also provided on the road, and the battery loop water pump is arranged between the thermoelectric heat exchange device and the battery flow path switching component.
  • the coolant only Flowing through the battery bypass instead of the battery flow path can avoid the problem that the temperature of the coolant is too low to affect the working efficiency of the battery.
  • the battery flow path switching component is a three-way valve, the three-way valve has a first port, a second port and a third port, and the first port It is connected to the other end of the battery cooling liquid main circuit, the second interface is connected to one end of the battery bypass, and the third interface is connected to one end of the battery flow channel.
  • the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit includes a compressor flow path, a condenser flow path in the vehicle, a heating flow path, a main refrigerant path, a bypass Valve flow path, function valve flow path, regulating valve flow path and in-vehicle evaporator flow path; the compressor flow path is connected in series with the in-vehicle condenser flow path, and the heating flow path is connected in series with the compressor flow path.
  • the main refrigerant circuit is connected in parallel with the evaporator flow path and the heating flow path in the vehicle, and the main refrigerant path includes the outdoor heat exchanger flow path and the battery cooler flow path connected in series; and the air conditioning cooling and heating circuit It also includes an outdoor heat exchanger, a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, an interior condenser, and an interior evaporator; The other end of the flow path is connected, and the other end of the flow path of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with one end of the heating flow path and one end of the evaporator flow path in the car; the gas-liquid separator and the compressor are arranged in the compressor flow path in series.
  • the interior condenser is connected to the other end of the flow path of the compressor and one end of the flow path of the interior condenser; the interior evaporator is set on the flow path of the interior evaporator, and the other end of the flow path of the interior evaporator is connected to the heating flow
  • the other end of the compressor flow path is connected to the other end of the compressor flow path;
  • the battery cooler is set in the battery cooler flow path of the refrigerant main path, and the other end of the refrigerant main path is connected to one end of the compressor flow path;
  • the thermal circuit also includes a first regulating valve, a second regulating valve, a third regulating valve, a bypass valve, a heating valve, and a function valve; the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve, and the third regulating valve are all used to regulate the refrigeration
  • the bypass valve, the heating valve, and the function valve are all used to adjust the flow direction of the refriger
  • the embodiment of the present application also discloses a vehicle thermal management method, which is applicable to the vehicle thermal management system described in any embodiment above, and the vehicle thermal management method includes the following steps:
  • S1 Obtain the start information of the vehicle, and judge whether the vehicle is started according to the start information of the vehicle;
  • S2 Obtain the status information of the vehicle from the power management module of the vehicle, and judge whether the vehicle is currently in a driving state according to the status information of the vehicle;
  • step S3 If the vehicle is currently in a driving state, execute step S3;
  • S3 Obtain the status information of the battery in the vehicle thermal management system and the status information of the passenger compartment, and judge whether the thermal management requirement of the vehicle is only for heating the passenger compartment according to the status information of the battery and the status information of the passenger compartment;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the first mode; wherein, in the first mode, the thermoelectric The heat exchange device is not powered on, the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit is working, the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit is connected to the battery flow channel, the electric drive circuit water pump of the electric drive thermal management circuit is working, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component Connect the main circuit of the electric drive coolant with the heat dissipation bypass to form a circuit; the compressor flow path of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit, the flow path of the condenser in the car, the flow path of the function valve and the flow path of the battery cooler are connected to form a circuit;
  • the cell temperature of the battery is less than the preset second temperature threshold, or the water temperature of the electric drive assembly is greater than or equal to the preset third temperature threshold, then it is determined whether the water temperature of the electric drive assembly is greater than or equal to the ambient temperature;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the second mode; wherein, in the second mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is powered on, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the battery thermal management loop is On the heating side, the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the electric drive thermal management circuit is the cooling side.
  • the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works, and the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit communicates with the battery bypass to form a circuit.
  • the water pump in the electric drive circuit of the electric drive thermal management circuit works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the main circuit of the electric drive coolant with the heat dissipation bypass to form a circuit; the compressor flow path of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit, and the condenser flow path in the car , The flow path of the function valve is connected with the flow path of the battery cooler to form a loop;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the third mode; wherein, in the third mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is powered on, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the battery thermal management circuit is used for heating
  • the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the electric drive thermal management circuit is the cooling side
  • the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works, the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit is connected with the battery bypass to form a circuit, and the electric drive
  • the water pump in the electric drive circuit of the thermal management circuit works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the main circuit of the electric drive coolant with the main heat dissipation circuit to form a circuit;
  • the flow path of the valve communicates with the flow path of the battery cooler to form a loop.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device when the ambient temperature is low, due to the installation of a thermoelectric heat exchange device, it can absorb the heat in the electric drive components and the environment, and can also heat the coolant in the battery thermal management circuit, and transfer the heat to the air conditioner for cooling and heating Circuit, even when the ambient temperature is low, the compressor can absorb the heat in the electric drive components, battery, and environment, so that it will not fail due to overheating or stop working due to frost.
  • the thermal management circuit of the electric drive is equipped with a heat dissipation bypass. When the ambient temperature is low or when there is no need to absorb heat from the environment, the radiator may not be connected, thereby avoiding the heat generated by the electric drive components from being conducted to the environment and causing waste. , or the low temperature of the coolant in the electric drive thermal management circuit reduces the working efficiency of the electric drive components.
  • the electric drive coolant main circuit includes a thermoelectric heat exchange flow path and an electric drive flow path connected in series, and the electric drive heat
  • the management circuit also includes a thermoelectric heat exchange bypass
  • the electric drive flow path switching component connects the electric drive flow path, the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass and the heat dissipation bypass to form a loop
  • the electric drive flow path switching component It is a four-way valve, and the first port of the four-way valve is connected to one end of the heat dissipation main circuit, the second port is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path, and the third port is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass.
  • the third port of the four-way valve communicates with the fourth port.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange bypass is set in the electric drive thermal management circuit, and when the thermoelectric heat exchange device is not powered on, the coolant can flow through the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass instead of the thermoelectric heat exchange device.
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device can be conveniently maintained and replaced. Even if the thermoelectric heat exchange device fails, the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass can be temporarily used to ensure the circulation of the circuit, maintain the basic cooling or heating demand, and improve the stability of the system.
  • step S4 in the vehicle thermal management method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, in step S4,
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the fourth mode and judges whether the outlet water temperature of the battery cooler is lower than that of the refrigerant at the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit. The sum of the temperature and the preset first temperature difference threshold;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the fifth mode
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the sixth mode; wherein, in the fourth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is not powered, the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works, and the battery thermal management circuit
  • the battery coolant main circuit is connected with the battery bypass to form a circuit.
  • the electric drive circuit water pump in the electric drive heat management circuit works.
  • the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the electric drive coolant main circuit with the heat dissipation bypass to form a circuit.
  • the compressor flow path of the heat circuit, the interior condenser flow path, and the function valve flow path communicate with the battery cooler flow path to form the first loop.
  • the compressor flow path of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating loop, the interior condenser flow path, and the outdoor The flow path of the heat exchanger is connected with the heating flow path to form a second circuit; in the fifth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the battery thermal management circuit is the heating side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device One side of the electric drive thermal management circuit is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works, the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit is connected with the battery bypass to form a circuit, and the electric drive circuit of the electric drive thermal management circuit The water pump works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the electric drive coolant main circuit with the heat dissipation bypass to form a circuit; the compressor flow path of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit, the condenser flow path in the car, the function valve flow path and the battery cooler The flow path is connected to form the first circuit, and the compressor flow path of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit,
  • the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit is connected with the battery bypass to form a circuit, the electric drive circuit water pump of the electric drive thermal management circuit works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the electric drive coolant main circuit with the heat dissipation main circuit to form a circuit ;
  • the compressor flow path of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit, the interior condenser flow path, the functional valve flow path are connected with the battery cooler flow path to form the first circuit, the compressor flow path of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit, the interior condenser
  • the flow path, the flow path of the outdoor heat exchanger communicate with the heating flow path to form a second loop.
  • the vehicle thermal management method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application in step S2, if the vehicle is currently in a driving state, the thermal management method further includes:
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the seventh mode; wherein, in the seventh mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is not powered, and the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works , the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit is connected with the battery flow channel to form a circuit, the electric drive circuit water pump of the electric drive thermal management circuit works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the electric drive coolant main circuit with the cooling bypass to form a circuit circuit, the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit does not work;
  • the water temperature of the electric drive component is less than the preset fourth temperature threshold, it is judged whether the water temperature of the electric drive component is greater than or equal to the ambient temperature;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the eighth mode; wherein, in the eighth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is powered on, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the battery thermal management circuit is On the heating side, the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the electric drive thermal management circuit is the cooling side.
  • the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works, and the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit communicates with the battery flow channel to form a circuit.
  • the water pump of the electric drive circuit in the electric drive thermal management circuit works, the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the main circuit of the electric drive coolant with the heat dissipation bypass to form a circuit, and the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit does not work;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the ninth mode; wherein, in the ninth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the battery thermal management circuit is used for heating
  • the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the electric drive thermal management circuit is the cooling side
  • the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works
  • the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit is connected with the battery flow channel to form a circuit
  • the electric drive The water pump of the electric drive circuit in the thermal management circuit works
  • the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the main circuit of the electric drive coolant with the main heat dissipation circuit to form a circuit
  • the cooling and heating circuit of the air conditioner does not work.
  • the vehicle thermal management method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application in step S2, if the vehicle is currently in a driving state, the thermal management method further includes:
  • thermal management requirement of the vehicle is battery heating and passenger compartment heating, it is judged whether the heating target of the passenger compartment is met;
  • thermal management requirement of the vehicle is not heating the battery and heating the passenger compartment, continue to determine whether the thermal management requirement of the vehicle is heating the battery and heating the passenger compartment;
  • the thermal management demand of the vehicle is battery heating and passenger compartment heating
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the tenth mode; wherein, in the tenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is powered on, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the battery thermal management circuit is On the heating side, the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the electric drive thermal management circuit is the cooling side.
  • the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works, and the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit communicates with the battery flow channel to form a circuit.
  • the water pump in the electric drive circuit of the electric drive thermal management circuit works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the main circuit of the electric drive coolant with the heat dissipation bypass to form a circuit; the compressor flow path of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit, and the condenser flow path in the car ,
  • the flow path of the function valve is connected with the flow path of the battery cooler to form the first circuit, and the flow path of the compressor of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit, the flow path of the condenser in the car, and the flow path of the outdoor heat exchanger are connected with the heating flow path to form the second loop ;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the eleventh mode; wherein, in the eleventh mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is powered on, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the battery thermal management loop is On the heating side, the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the electric drive thermal management circuit is the cooling side.
  • the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works, and the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit communicates with the battery flow channel to form a circuit.
  • the water pump in the electric drive circuit of the electric drive thermal management circuit works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the main circuit of the electric drive coolant with the main heat dissipation circuit to form a circuit; the compressor flow path of the air conditioning refrigeration heating circuit, and the condenser flow path in the car ,
  • the flow path of the function valve is connected with the flow path of the battery cooler to form the first circuit, and the flow path of the compressor of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit, the flow path of the condenser in the car, and the flow path of the outdoor heat exchanger are connected with the heating flow path to form the second loop .
  • the vehicle thermal management method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application in step S1, if the vehicle is started, the thermal management method further includes:
  • the thermal management requirement of the vehicle is only for heating the passenger compartment, it is determined whether the ambient temperature is lower than a preset fifth temperature threshold;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the third mode
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the sixth mode
  • thermal management requirement of the vehicle is not only for heating the passenger compartment, determine whether the thermal management requirement of the vehicle is only for battery heating
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the twelfth mode; wherein, in the twelfth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is powered on, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the battery thermal management loop is the heating side, The side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the electric drive thermal management circuit is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works, the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit communicates with the battery flow channel to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit The water pump in the electric drive circuit of the circuit works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the main circuit of the electric drive coolant with the main heat dissipation circuit to form a circuit; the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit does not work;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the thirteenth mode; wherein, in the thirteenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is powered on, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device is located in the battery heat management system.
  • One side of the circuit is the heating side, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the electric drive heat management circuit is the cooling side.
  • the electric drive circuit water pump in the electric drive thermal management circuit works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the electric drive coolant main circuit with the heat dissipation main circuit to form a circuit; the compressor flow circuit of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit, the vehicle The flow path of the inner condenser, the flow path of the function valve and the flow path of the battery cooler are connected to form a loop.
  • the vehicle thermal management method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application in step S1, if the vehicle is started, the thermal management method further includes:
  • the ambient temperature is greater than the preset sixth temperature threshold, it is judged whether there is a cooling demand in the passenger compartment at the same time;
  • the passenger compartment has a cooling demand at the same time, it is judged whether the absolute value of the difference between the target temperature of the passenger compartment and the actual temperature of the passenger compartment is greater than the preset second temperature difference threshold;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the fourteenth mode; wherein, in the fourteenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is powered on , and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the battery heat management circuit is the cooling side, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the electric drive heat management circuit is the heating side, the battery circuit water pump of the battery heat management circuit works, and the battery heat
  • the battery coolant main circuit of the management circuit is connected with the battery flow channel to form a circuit
  • the electric drive circuit water pump of the electric drive heat management circuit works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the electric drive coolant main circuit with the heat dissipation main circuit to form a circuit;
  • the air conditioner The flow path of the compressor in the refrigeration and heating circuit, the flow path of the condenser in the car, the flow path of the regulating valve and the flow path of the indoor evaporator are connected to form a circuit,
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the fifteenth mode; wherein, in the fifteenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange The device is not powered on, the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works or is turned off, the battery coolant main circuit of the battery thermal management circuit is connected with the battery flow circuit to form a circuit, the electric drive circuit water pump of the electric drive thermal management circuit works, and the electric drive flow circuit
  • the switching part connects the electric drive coolant main circuit with the heat dissipation main circuit to form a circuit; the compressor flow path, bypass valve flow path, function valve flow path, outdoor heat exchanger flow path, battery cooler flow path of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit
  • the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit is connected to the compressor flow path, the interior condenser flow path, the bypass valve flow path, the function valve flow path, the outdoor heat exchanger and the interior evaporator flow path to form the second loop.
  • the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset sixth temperature threshold, it is judged whether the target water temperature of the battery is less than the preset seventh temperature threshold;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the sixteenth mode; wherein, in the sixteenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is not powered on, and the battery circuit water pump of the battery thermal management circuit works, and the battery heat The battery cooler of the management circuit does not work, the water pump of the electric drive circuit of the electric drive heat management circuit works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component connects the main circuit of the electric drive coolant with the main heat dissipation circuit to form a circuit; the working status of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit to be determined;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the seventeenth mode; wherein, in the seventeenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device is powered on, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device is located in the battery thermal management loop
  • the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device located in the electric drive thermal management circuit is the heating side.
  • the battery cooler of the battery thermal management circuit does not work, and the electric drive circuit water pump of the electric drive thermal management circuit works.
  • the drive flow circuit switching component connects the electric drive coolant main circuit with the heat dissipation main circuit to form a circuit; the working status of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit is to be determined.
  • the electric drive coolant main circuit includes a thermoelectric heat exchange flow path and an electric drive flow path connected in series, and the electric drive heat
  • the management circuit also includes the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass
  • the electric drive flow path switching component connects the electric drive flow path, the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass with the heat dissipation main path to form a circuit; and, when the electric drive flow path is switched
  • the component is a four-way valve, and the first port of the four-way valve is connected to one end of the heat dissipation main circuit, the second port is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path, and the third port is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass, When the fourth port is connected to one end of the cooling bypass, the first port of the four-way valve communicates with the third port.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange bypass is set in the electric drive thermal management circuit, and when the thermoelectric heat exchange device is not powered on, the coolant can flow through the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass instead of the thermoelectric heat exchange device.
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device can be conveniently maintained and replaced. Even if the thermoelectric heat exchange device fails, the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass can be temporarily used to ensure the circulation of the circuit, maintain the basic cooling or heating demand, and improve the stability of the system.
  • the vehicle thermal management method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application when the battery flow path switching component is a three-way valve, the electric drive flow path switching component is a four-way valve, and the air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit also includes: When the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve, the third regulating valve, as well as the bypass valve, heating valve and function valve,
  • the first port of the battery flow switching part is connected to the third port
  • the third port of the electric drive flow switching part is connected to the fourth port
  • the first regulating valve is closed
  • the second regulating valve is half-opened. flow, the third regulating valve is closed, the bypass valve is closed, the heating valve is closed, and the function valve is opened.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the second port, and the second port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the fourth port; the first regulating valve is closed, and the second regulating valve is half-opened. flow, the third regulating valve is closed, the bypass valve is closed, the heating valve is closed, and the function valve is opened.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the second port, and the first port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the second port; the first regulating valve is closed, and the second regulating valve is half-opened. flow, the third regulating valve is closed, the bypass valve is closed, the heating valve is closed, and the function valve is opened.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the second port, the second port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the fourth port, the first regulating valve is half-opened and throttled, and the second regulating valve Half-open throttling, the third regulating valve is closed, the bypass valve is closed, the heating valve is opened, and the function valve is opened.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the second port, the second port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the fourth port, the first regulating valve is half-opened and throttled, and the second regulating valve Half-open throttling, the third regulating valve is closed, the bypass valve is closed, the heating valve is opened, and the function valve is opened.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the second port
  • the first port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the second port
  • the first regulating valve is half-opened and throttled
  • the second regulating valve Half-open throttling
  • the third regulating valve is closed
  • the bypass valve is closed
  • the heating valve is opened
  • the function valve is opened.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the third port
  • the second port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the fourth port
  • the first regulating valve is in the normal state
  • the second regulating valve is in the normal state
  • the third regulating valve is normal
  • the bypass valve is normal
  • the heating valve is normal
  • the function valve is normal.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the third port
  • the second port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the fourth port
  • the first regulating valve is in the normal state
  • the second regulating valve is in the normal state
  • the third regulating valve is normal
  • the bypass valve is normal
  • the heating valve is normal
  • the function valve is normal.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the third port
  • the first port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the second port
  • the first regulating valve is in normal state
  • the second regulating valve is in normal state
  • the third regulating valve is normal
  • the bypass valve is normal
  • the heating valve is normal
  • the function valve is normal.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the third port
  • the second port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the fourth port
  • the first regulating valve is half-opened and throttled
  • the second regulating valve Half-open throttling
  • the third regulating valve is closed
  • the bypass valve is closed
  • the heating valve is opened
  • the function valve is opened.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching part is connected to the third port
  • the first port of the electric drive flow path switching part is connected to the second port
  • the first regulating valve is half-opened and throttling
  • the second regulating valve The valve is half-opened to throttle, the third regulating valve is closed, the bypass valve is closed, the heating valve is opened, and the function valve is opened.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the third port
  • the first port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the second port
  • the first regulating valve is normal
  • the second regulating valve is Normal
  • the third regulating valve is normal
  • the bypass valve is normal
  • the heating valve is normal
  • the function valve is normal.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the third port
  • the first port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the second port
  • the first regulating valve is closed
  • the second regulating valve is half-opened Throttling
  • the third regulating valve is closed
  • the bypass valve is closed
  • the heating valve is closed
  • the function valve is opened.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the third port
  • the first port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the second port
  • the first regulating valve is opened
  • the second regulating valve is closed or Half-open throttling
  • the third regulating valve is opened
  • the bypass valve is opened
  • the heating valve is closed
  • the function valve is closed.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the third port
  • the first port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the third port
  • the first regulating valve is opened
  • the second regulating valve is closed or Half-open throttling
  • the third regulating valve is opened or closed
  • the bypass valve is opened
  • the heating valve is closed
  • the function valve is closed.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the third port
  • the first port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the second port
  • the first regulating valve is to be determined
  • the second regulating valve is to be determined
  • the third regulating valve is to be determined
  • the bypass valve is to be determined
  • the heating valve is to be determined
  • the function valve is to be determined.
  • the first port of the battery flow path switching component is connected to the third port
  • the first port of the electric drive flow path switching component is connected to the second port
  • the first regulating valve is to be determined
  • the second regulating valve is to be determined
  • the third regulating valve is to be determined
  • the bypass valve is to be determined
  • the heating valve is to be determined
  • the function valve is to be determined.
  • the vehicle thermal management method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application the preset first temperature threshold ranges from -13°C to -17°C.
  • the preset second temperature threshold ranges from 15°C to 25°C.
  • the preset third temperature threshold ranges from 0°C to 10°C.
  • the range of the preset fourth temperature threshold is 15°C to 25°C.
  • the preset fifth temperature threshold ranges from -13°C to -17°C.
  • the preset sixth temperature threshold ranges from 18°C to 22°C.
  • the preset seventh temperature threshold ranges from 12°C to 20°C.
  • the range of the preset first temperature difference threshold is 0°C to 5°C.
  • the preset second temperature difference threshold ranges from 0°C to 5°C.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device is installed between the battery thermal management circuit and the electric drive thermal management circuit.
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device as a primary heat pump, can absorb heat from electric drive components, batteries, and the environment.
  • a battery cooler is set between the circuit and the battery thermal management circuit.
  • the air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit can absorb the heat of the thermoelectric heat exchange device through the battery cooler, and the compressor of the air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit can be used as a secondary heat pump to heat the passenger compartment. Therefore, even when the ambient temperature is low, the compressor can absorb heat from the electric drive components, the battery, and the environment, so that it will not fail due to overheating or stop working due to frost.
  • the radiator may not be connected when the ambient temperature is low or when there is no need to absorb heat from the environment, thereby preventing the heat generated by the electric drive components from being conducted to the environment and causing Waste, or the low temperature of the coolant in the thermal management circuit of the electric drive reduces the working efficiency of the electric drive components.
  • the battery and the passenger compartment are heated by the heat of the electric drive components, which can effectively use the heat of the electric drive components and improve the utilization rate of heat.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device from the electric drive heat management circuit
  • the heat absorbed by the battery cooler from the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit can be used to heat the battery, which improves the heating efficiency of the battery, thus eliminating the need for cooling in the air-conditioning system.
  • the thermal circuit and the battery thermal management circuit are provided with heat-sensitive elements for heating, which reduces the system cost.
  • the battery bypass to bypass the battery flow path, and use the battery flow path switching component to adjust the access state of the battery bypass or the battery flow path.
  • the coolant only flows through Bypassing the battery instead of flowing through the battery flow path can avoid the problem that the temperature of the coolant is too low to affect the working efficiency of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the thermoelectric heat exchange device of the vehicle thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 2b is an exploded view of the thermoelectric heat exchange device of the vehicle thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery thermal management circuit and the electric drive thermal management circuit when the electric drive flow path switching component in the vehicle thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the present application is a three-way valve;
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram of the battery thermal management circuit and the electric drive thermal management circuit when the electric drive flow path switching component in the vehicle thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the present application includes the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve connected in series. Schematic;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of the vehicle thermal management method provided in the embodiment of the present application corresponding to the first mode to the thirteenth mode;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of the vehicle thermal management method provided in the embodiment of the present application corresponding to the fourteenth mode to the seventeenth mode;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the state of the vehicle thermal management system when the vehicle thermal management method provided by the embodiment of the present application enters the first mode;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the state of the vehicle thermal management system when the vehicle thermal management method provided by the embodiment of the present application enters the second mode;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the state of the vehicle thermal management system when the vehicle thermal management method provided by the embodiment of the present application enters the third mode.
  • Air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 11. Outdoor heat exchanger; 111. First regulating valve; 1111. Flow path of regulating valve; 12. Compressor; 121. Flow path of compressor; 13. Gas-liquid separator; 14. In-vehicle condenser; 141. Flow path of in-vehicle condenser; 15. In-vehicle evaporator; 151. Third regulating valve; 152. Flow path of in-vehicle evaporator; 16. Second regulating valve; 17. Bypass valve; 171. Bypass valve flow path; 18. Heating valve; 181. Heating flow path; 19. Function valve; 191. Function valve flow path; 2. Battery thermal management circuit; 21. Battery; 22. Battery bypass; 23 . Battery flow path switching component; 24.
  • Battery circuit water pump 3. Electric drive thermal management circuit; 31. Electric drive component; 311. Motor; 312. Charger; 32. Radiator; 33. Heat dissipation bypass; 34. Electric drive 35. Electric drive circuit water pump; 36. Heat exchange three-way valve; 37. Thermoelectric heat exchange bypass; 38. Electric drive bypass; 4. Battery cooler; 41. Refrigerant main circuit; 411 . Outdoor heat exchanger flow path; 412. Battery cooler flow path; 5. Thermoelectric heat exchange device; 50. Thermoelectric heat exchange unit; 51. Battery liquid cooling module; 52.
  • the terms "setting”, “connecting” and “connecting” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a A detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it may be an internal communication between two components.
  • the terms "setting”, “connecting” and “connecting” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a A detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it may be an internal communication between two components.
  • the embodiment provides a vehicle thermal management system, specifically, refer to FIG. 1-FIG. 4 .
  • the vehicle thermal management system provided in this specific embodiment includes an air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1, a battery thermal management circuit 2 and an electric drive thermal management circuit 3, and a battery cooler is arranged between the air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1 and the battery thermal management circuit 2 4.
  • the battery thermal management circuit 2 is provided with a battery 21.
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 includes the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 and the heat dissipation main circuit 7 connected in series.
  • the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 is provided with an electric drive Drive assembly 31, radiator 32 is provided on the heat dissipation main road 7.
  • the vehicle thermal management system also includes a thermoelectric heat exchange device 5, which is arranged between the battery heat management circuit 2 and the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 of the electric drive heat management circuit 3, so that the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 5 Adjust the heat transfer state of the coolant between the battery thermal management circuit 2 and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 .
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 also includes a heat dissipation bypass 33 and an electric drive flow path switching component 34.
  • the heat dissipation bypass 33 is connected in parallel with the heat dissipation main circuit 7, and the electric drive flow path switching component 34 is connected to the main heat dissipation circuit 7.
  • One end, one end of the cooling bypass 33 and one end of the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 are selectively communicated with the heat dissipation main circuit 7 or the heat dissipation bypass 33 through the electric drive flow circuit switching component 34 to form a circuit.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 by setting the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 between the battery thermal management circuit 2 and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 can absorb the electric drive components 31, the battery 21, and the environment as a primary heat pump.
  • a battery cooler 4 is provided between the air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1 and the battery thermal management circuit 2, the air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1 can absorb the heat of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 through the battery cooler 4, and the air-conditioning cooling and heating
  • the compressor 12 of circuit 1 can then act as a secondary heat pump to heat the passenger compartment.
  • the compressor 12 can absorb heat from the electric drive assembly 31 , the battery 21 , and the environment, so that it will not fail due to overheating or stop working due to frost.
  • the radiator 32 may not be connected when the ambient temperature is low, or when there is no need to absorb heat from the environment, thereby avoiding the conduction of heat generated by the electric drive assembly 31 Waste to the environment, or the temperature of the coolant in the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 is low, which reduces the working efficiency of the electric drive assembly 31 .
  • the air conditioner cooling and heating circuit 1 includes a compressor flow path 121, an in-vehicle condenser flow path 141, a heating flow path 181, a refrigerant main path 41, a bypass valve flow path 171, a function valve flow path 191, and a regulating valve flow path 1111 and the in-vehicle evaporator flow path 152 .
  • the compressor flow path 121 is connected in series with the in-vehicle condenser flow path 141, the heating flow path 181 is connected in series with the compressor flow path 121, and the refrigerant main path 41 is connected in parallel with the in-vehicle evaporator flow path 152, The heating flow path 181 is connected, and the main refrigerant path 41 includes an outdoor heat exchanger flow path 411 and a battery cooler flow path 412 connected in series.
  • the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 also includes an outdoor heat exchanger 11 , a compressor 12 , a gas-liquid separator 13 , an in-vehicle condenser 14 , and an in-vehicle evaporator 15 .
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 11 has two modes.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 11 can be equivalent to an evaporator, and the refrigerant evaporates inside the outdoor heat exchanger 11 and absorbs heat from the environment, making cooling The refrigerant changes from a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid to a low-temperature and low-pressure gas; in the cooling mode, the outdoor heat exchanger 11 can be equivalent to a condenser, and the refrigerant condenses and releases heat inside the outdoor heat exchanger 11, so that the refrigerant changes from a high-temperature and high-pressure gas to a Medium temperature and high pressure liquid.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 11 is installed in the outdoor heat exchanger flow path 411, and one end of the outdoor heat exchanger flow path 411 communicates with the other end of the regulating valve flow path 1111, and the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger flow path 411 communicates with the heating flow path
  • One end of 181 communicates with one end of the interior evaporator flow path 152 .
  • the gas-liquid separator 13 and the compressor 12 are arranged in the compressor flow path 121 in series.
  • the compressor 12 is provided between the gas-liquid separator 13 and the in-vehicle condenser 14 .
  • the gas-liquid separator 13 is used to separate gas and liquid, so that the gas enters the compressor 12 and the liquid stays in the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator 13 .
  • the compressor 12 is the power driven by the refrigerant cycle, which can change the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas.
  • the in-vehicle condenser 14 is connected to the other end of the compressor flow path 121 and one end of the in-vehicle condenser flow path 141 .
  • the in-vehicle condenser 14 can condense the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output from the compressor 12 into a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and release heat to heat the air in the passenger compartment during the condensation process.
  • the in-vehicle evaporator 15 is installed on the in-vehicle evaporator flow path 152 , and the other end of the in-vehicle evaporator flow path 152 is connected to the other end of the heating flow path 181 and one end of the compressor flow path 121 .
  • the in-vehicle evaporator 15 can change the refrigerant from a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid to a low-temperature and low-pressure gas, and absorb heat during the evaporation process of the refrigerant to reduce the air temperature in the passenger compartment.
  • the battery cooler 4 is disposed in the battery cooler flow path 412 of the main refrigerant path 41 , and the other end of the main refrigerant path 41 is connected to one end of the compressor flow path 121 .
  • the battery cooler 4 can be equivalent to an evaporator, and the heat exchange medium of the battery cooler 4 includes the refrigerant of the air conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1 and the cooling liquid of the battery thermal management circuit 2 .
  • the refrigerant evaporates in the battery cooler 4 and absorbs the heat of the cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid cools down, and the cooled cooling liquid then dissipates heat to the battery.
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 further includes a first regulating valve 111 , a second regulating valve 16 , a third regulating valve 151 , a bypass valve 17 , a heating valve 18 , and a function valve 19 .
  • the first regulating valve 111 , the second regulating valve 16 and the third regulating valve 151 are all used to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant.
  • the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18 and the function valve 19 are all used to adjust the flow direction of the refrigerant.
  • the first regulating valve 111 is arranged in the regulating valve flow path 1111 and is located at one end of the outdoor heat exchanger 11 .
  • the second regulator valve 16 is provided in the battery cooler flow path 412 of the refrigerant main path 41 , and is located on one end side of the battery cooler 4 .
  • the third regulating valve 151 is provided in the interior evaporator flow path 152 on one end side of the interior evaporator 15 .
  • the bypass valve 17 is arranged in the bypass valve flow path 171, and the bypass valve 17 is arranged in parallel with the first regulating valve 111, and one end of the bypass valve flow path 171 is connected to one end of the first regulating valve 111, and the other end is connected to the first regulating valve 111.
  • the heating valve 18 is provided in a heating flow path 181 , one end of the heating flow path 181 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 , and the other end of the heating flow path 181 is connected to one end of the compressor flow path 121 .
  • the function valve 19 is arranged on the function valve flow path 191, one end of the function valve flow path 191 is connected to the other end of the in-vehicle condenser flow path 141, and the other end of the function valve flow path 191 is connected to the battery cooler of the refrigerant main path 41.
  • One end of road 412 is connected.
  • first regulating valve 111 , the second regulating valve 16 , and the third regulating valve 151 are all electronic expansion valves, and the opening of the electronic expansion valves can be actively controlled, so they can play a role in flow regulation.
  • the first regulating valve 111 , the second regulating valve 16 , and the third regulating valve 151 can all change the refrigerant from a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid to a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid.
  • the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19 are all electromagnetic switching valves, which can adjust the flow direction of the refrigerant by opening and closing the electromagnetic switching valves.
  • the principle of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 in this specific embodiment is mainly used for thermal management of the passenger compartment, and has dual functions of heating the passenger compartment and cooling the passenger compartment.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor 12 is first transmitted to the in-vehicle condenser 14 through the compressor flow path 121 . Since the passenger compartment is required for heating at this time, the air passes through the interior condenser 14, exchanges heat with the interior condenser 14, and releases heat to heat the passenger compartment.
  • the refrigerant When the refrigerant becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid, it passes through the condenser flow path 141 in the car and the regulating valve flow path 1111 to the outdoor heat exchanger 11 in sequence, and the outdoor heat exchanger 11 evaporates and absorbs ambient heat so that the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas After being output from the outdoor heat exchanger 11 , the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant returns to the compressor flow path 121 through the heating flow path 181 .
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant After the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is output from the outdoor heat exchanger 11, it can also pass through the second regulating valve 16 and the battery cooler flow path 412 to the battery cooler 4, and absorb the heat of the cooling liquid to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas and return to the compressor flow path 121 .
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output by the compressor 12 is first transmitted to the in-vehicle condenser 14 through the compressor flow path 121 . Since the passenger compartment is required for cooling at this time, the air does not pass through the in-vehicle condenser 14 and does not exchange heat with the in-vehicle condenser 14.
  • the heat exchanger 11 is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 11 to become a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid. After the liquid refrigerant flows out of the outdoor heat exchanger 11, it can be throttled by the third regulating valve 151 on the side of the interior evaporator flow path 152 close to the end of the interior evaporator 15 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant The liquid absorbs the heat of the air in the air-conditioning box through the in-vehicle evaporator 15 to cool down the air and cool the passenger compartment.
  • the battery 21 when the battery 21 has a cooling demand at the same time, after the liquid refrigerant flows out of the outdoor heat exchanger 11, it can also flow through the outdoor heat exchanger flow path 411, and pass through the second side near one end of the battery cooler 4.
  • the regulating valve 16 throttles the flow to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, which absorbs the heat of the cooling liquid through the battery cooler 4 to lower the temperature of the cooling liquid to cool the battery 21 .
  • the flow direction of the cooling liquid is fixed, that is, in a certain flow path, the cooling liquid can only flow from one end of the flow path to the other end. Therefore, one end of the compressor flow path 121 described in this specific embodiment is the inlet of the compressor flow path 121 , and the other end of the compressor flow path 121 is also the outlet of the compressor flow path 121 .
  • One end of the in-vehicle condenser flow path 141 is the inlet of the in-vehicle condenser flow path 141 , and the other end of the in-vehicle condenser flow path 141 is the outlet of the in-vehicle condenser flow path 141 .
  • One end of the in-vehicle evaporator flow path 152 is the inlet of the in-vehicle evaporator flow path 152 , and the other end of the in-vehicle evaporator flow path 152 is also the outlet of the in-vehicle evaporator flow path 152 .
  • One end of the heating flow path 181 is the inlet of the heating flow path 181 , and the other end of the heating flow path 181 is the outlet of the heating flow path 181 .
  • one end is the inlet of the refrigerant, and the other end is the outlet of the refrigerant. I won't list them one by one here.
  • the role of the evaporator is played when the passenger compartment has a heating demand
  • the role of the condenser is played when the passenger compartment has a cooling demand. Controls the temperature of the passenger compartment by varying the temperature and state of the refrigerant. Therefore, only one component can be provided to realize the dual functions of cooling and heating, and the integration degree is higher and the cost is lower.
  • a battery cooler 4 is provided between the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 and the battery thermal management circuit 2 .
  • the structure of the battery cooler 4 is not substantially different from the battery cooler 4 in the prior art, and its principle has been described in detail in the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 , and will not be repeated in this specific embodiment.
  • the battery thermal management circuit 2 is provided with a battery 21 .
  • the structure of the battery 21 also belongs to the prior art, and will not be repeated in this specific embodiment.
  • the battery thermal management circuit 2 includes a battery cooling liquid main circuit 8 and a battery flow channel 9 connected in series, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 and the battery cooler 4 are both arranged on the battery cooling liquid main circuit 8, and the battery 21 is arranged on the battery cooling liquid main circuit 8. On the flow path 9 .
  • the battery thermal management circuit 2 also includes a battery bypass 22 and a battery flow path switching component 23 .
  • the battery bypass 22 is connected in parallel with the battery cooling liquid main path 8, and the battery flow path switching component 23 is connected between the other end of the battery cooling liquid main path 8, one end of the battery bypass 22, and one end of the battery flow path 9 between.
  • the battery bypass 22 is a short circuit bypass.
  • a battery circuit water pump 24 is also provided on the battery coolant main circuit 8 , and the battery circuit water pump 24 is arranged between the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 and the battery flow path switching component 23 .
  • the battery circuit water pump 24 mainly plays the role of adjusting the flow direction of the coolant in the battery thermal management circuit 2 . Therefore, one end and the other end of the main battery cooling liquid path 8 , the battery bypass 22 , and the battery flow path 9 do not simply represent the outlets and inlets of the battery cooling liquid main path 8 , the battery bypass 22 , and the battery flow path 9 .
  • one end of the battery cooling liquid main path 8, the battery bypass 22, and the battery flow path 9 is the end of the battery cooling liquid main path 8, the battery bypass 22, and the battery flow path 9.
  • the inlet, the other end of the battery cooling liquid main path 8 , the battery bypass 22 , and the battery flow path 9 are the outlets of the battery cooling liquid main path 8 , the battery bypass 22 , and the battery flow path 9 .
  • the adjustment direction of the battery circuit water pump 24 is the second direction opposite to the first direction, it is opposite.
  • the battery flow path switching component 23 is a three-way valve, and the three-way valve has a first port a, a second port b, and a third port c, the first port a is connected to the other end of the battery cooling liquid main circuit 8, and the third port
  • the second interface b is connected to one end of the battery bypass 22
  • the third interface c is connected to one end of the battery flow path 9 .
  • the principle of the battery thermal management circuit 2 will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • the battery thermal management circuit 2 in this specific embodiment is mainly used for thermal management of the battery 21 , which has the functions of cooling the battery 21 and transferring heat from the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 to the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 .
  • the refrigerant in the battery cooler 4 absorbs the heat of the coolant in the battery cooler 4 to cool down the coolant in the battery thermal management circuit 2, and the cooled coolant then cools the battery 21 to control the temperature of the battery coolant. In the range of 15°C to 25°C.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is also working, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in contact with the battery heat management circuit 2 is the cooling side, which can further reduce the temperature of the coolant in the battery heat management circuit 2, so that The battery cools down.
  • the cooling liquid flows through the battery bypass 22 and does not flow through the battery 21 to prevent the temperature of the cooling liquid from being too low to affect the working efficiency of the battery 21 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 also works, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in contact with the battery thermal management circuit 2 is the heating side, which can heat the coolant in the battery thermal management circuit 2 .
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 can use the ambient temperature or the waste heat of the electric drive assembly 31 to heat up the battery 21 , or transfer it to the air conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1 via the battery thermal management circuit 2 .
  • the battery bypass 22 by setting the battery bypass 22 to bypass the battery flow path 9, and using the battery flow path switching component 23 to adjust the connection state of the battery bypass 22 or the battery flow path 9, the battery 21
  • the cooling liquid only flows through the battery bypass 22 instead of the battery flow path 9 , which can avoid the problem that the cooling liquid temperature is too low to affect the working efficiency of the battery 21 .
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 includes the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 and the heat dissipation main circuit 7 connected in series, the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 is provided with an electric drive component 31 , and the heat dissipation main circuit 7 is provided with a radiator 32.
  • the electric drive assembly 31 includes a motor 311 and a charger 312 .
  • the electric drive assembly 31 is also an object of thermal management.
  • the electric drive assembly 31 can be thermally managed by heating or cooling the coolant in the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 according to actual needs.
  • the radiator 32 is mainly used to realize heat exchange between the cooling liquid and the environment. When the coolant temperature is higher than the ambient temperature, heat is transferred from the coolant to the environment; when the coolant temperature is lower than the ambient temperature, heat is transferred from the environment to the coolant.
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 also includes a heat dissipation bypass 33 and an electric drive flow path switching component 34.
  • the heat dissipation bypass 33 is connected in parallel with the heat dissipation main circuit 7, and the electric drive flow path switching component 34 is connected to the main heat dissipation circuit 7.
  • One end, one end of the cooling bypass 33 and one end of the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 is selectively communicated with the heat dissipation main circuit 7 or the heat dissipation bypass 33 through the electric drive flow circuit switching component 34 to form a circuit.
  • the cooling bypass 33 is a short circuit bypass.
  • the radiator 32 may not be connected when the ambient temperature is low, or when there is no need to absorb heat from the environment, so as to prevent the heat generated by the electric drive assembly 31 from being conducted to the environment. Waste is caused, or the temperature of the coolant in the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 is low, which reduces the working efficiency of the electric drive assembly 31 .
  • the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 includes a thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 and an electric drive flow path 62 sequentially connected in series, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is arranged on the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61, the electric drive component 31 is arranged on the electric drive flow path 62, and the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 is one end of the electric drive coolant main path 6, and is connected with the electric drive flow path switching component 34, and the electric drive flow One end of the road 62 is the other end of the electric drive coolant main road 6 , and is connected with the other end of the heat dissipation main road 7 and the other end of the heat dissipation bypass 33 .
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit also includes a thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37, one end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 is connected to one end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61, and the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 is connected to the electric drive flow path switching component 34 connected so that the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 and the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 are provided in parallel.
  • the electric drive flow path switching component 34 selectively connects the heat dissipation main path 7 or the heat dissipation bypass path 33 with the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 or the thermoelectric heat exchange path 37 , and then communicates with the electric drive flow path 62 to form a loop.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 by setting the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 , when the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is not powered on, the coolant can flow through the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 and not flow through the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 .
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 can be easily maintained and replaced. Even if the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 fails, the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 can be temporarily used to ensure the circulation of the circuit, maintain the basic cooling or heating demand, and improve the stability of the system.
  • the electric drive flow path switching component 34 is a four-way valve, and the four-way valve has a first port a, a second port b, a third port c, and a fourth port d; Interface a is connected to one end of the heat dissipation main circuit 7, the second interface b is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61, the third interface c is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37, and the fourth interface d is connected to the heat dissipation side One end of road 33 is connected.
  • An electric drive circuit water pump 35 is also provided on the electric drive flow path 62 , and the electric drive circuit water pump 35 is arranged between the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 and the electric drive assembly 31 .
  • the four-way valve is a solenoid valve, which controls the on-off of any two interfaces among the first interface a, the second interface b, the third interface c, and the fourth interface d.
  • the different flow paths form a loop.
  • the conversion between the interfaces of the four-way valve can realize the communication between the heat dissipation main road 7 or the heat dissipation bypass 33 and the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 or the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37, and then communicate with the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37.
  • the electric drive flow path 62 is connected to form a loop.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange flow channel 61 when the first interface a is connected to the second interface b, the heat dissipation main circuit 7 is connected to the thermoelectric heat exchange flow channel 61; when the first interface a is connected to the third interface c, the heat dissipation main circuit 7 is connected to the thermoelectric heat exchange side Road 37 is connected, when the second interface b is connected with the fourth interface d, the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 is connected with the heat dissipation bypass 33, when the third interface c is connected with the fourth interface d, the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 is connected with the heat dissipation bypass Road 33 is connected.
  • the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 includes a thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 and an electric drive flow path 62 sequentially connected in series, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is set on the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61, and the electric drive assembly 31 is set on the electric drive flow path 62.
  • the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 is one end of the electric drive coolant main path 6,
  • the switching component 34 is connected, and one end of the electric drive flow path 62 is the other end of the electric drive coolant main path 6 , and is connected with the other end of the heat dissipation main path 7 and the other end of the heat dissipation bypass path 33 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 is also provided with an electric drive circuit water pump 35 and a heat exchange three-way valve 36.
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 and the heat exchange three-way valve 36 are connected in series, and the electric drive circuit water pump 35 is set at the Between the thermal three-way valve 36 and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 .
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit also includes an electric drive bypass 38, one end of the electric drive bypass 38 is connected to the heat exchange three-way valve 36, and the other end of the electric drive bypass 38 is connected to the heat dissipation bypass 33, so that the electric drive bypass 38 and the electric drive flow path 62 are set in parallel.
  • the heat exchange three-way valve 36 has a first port x, a second port y, and a third port z, the first port x of the heat exchange three-way valve 36 is connected to the electric drive circuit water pump 35, and the heat exchange three-way valve 36
  • the second port y of the valve is connected to the other end of the electric drive flow path 62
  • the third port z of the heat exchange three-way valve 36 is connected to one end of the electric drive bypass 38 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 and the electric drive flow path 62 are connected, and when the first port x of the heat exchange three-way valve is connected to the second port y When the three interfaces z are connected, the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 is connected with the electric drive bypass 38 .
  • the electric drive flow path switching component 34 is a three-way valve, and the three-way valve has a first port a, a second port b, and a third port c; the first port a of the three-way valve is connected to the One end is connected, the second port b of the three-way valve is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 , and the third port c of the three-way valve is connected to one end of the cooling bypass 33 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 communicates with the heat radiation bypass 33 .
  • the coolant flows through the heat dissipation main circuit 7 , the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 , and the electric drive bypass, instead of flowing through the electric drive flow path 62 .
  • both the heat exchange three-way valve 36 and the electric-driven flow path switching component 34 are solenoid valves.
  • the coolant can flow through the electric drive bypass 38 and not flow through the electric drive flow path 62, avoiding The problem of affecting the working efficiency of the electric drive assembly 31 due to the low temperature of the coolant is solved.
  • the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 includes a thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 and an electric drive flow path 62 sequentially connected in series, and the thermoelectric heat exchange The device 5 is set on the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61, the electric drive assembly 31 is set on the electric drive flow path 62, and the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 is one end of the electric drive coolant main path 6, and is connected with the electric drive flow path 61.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 One end of the electric drive flow path 62 is the other end of the electric drive coolant main path 6, and is connected with the other end of the heat dissipation main path 7 and the other end of the heat dissipation bypass path 33; the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 There is also an electric driving circuit water pump 35 and a heat exchange three-way valve 36 connected in series, and the electric driving circuit water pump 35 is arranged between the heat exchange three-way valve 36 and the heat exchange three-way valve 36. Between thermoelectric heat exchange devices 5.
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit also includes a thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 and an electric drive bypass 38, one end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 is connected to the water pump 35 of the electric drive circuit, and the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 is connected to the electric drive flow path
  • the switching component 34 is connected so that the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 is provided in parallel with the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 .
  • One end of the electric drive bypass 38 is connected with the heat exchange three-way valve 36, and the other end of the electric drive bypass 38 is connected with the electric drive flow path switching component 34, so that the electric drive bypass 38 and the electric drive flow path 62 are connected in parallel. mode settings.
  • the heat exchange three-way valve 36 has a first port x, a second port y, and a third port z, the first port x of the heat exchange three-way valve 36 is connected to the electric drive circuit water pump 35, and the heat exchange three-way valve 36
  • the second port y of the valve is connected to the other end of the electric drive flow path 62
  • the third port z of the heat exchange three-way valve 36 is connected to one end of the electric drive bypass 38 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 and the electric drive flow path 62 are connected, and when the first port x of the heat exchange three-way valve is connected to the second port y When the three interfaces z are connected, the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 is connected with the electric drive bypass 38 .
  • the electrically driven flow path switching component 34 includes a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve connected in series, and both the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve have a first port, a second port and the third interface; the first interface a of the first three-way valve is connected to one end of the heat dissipation main circuit 7, the second interface b of the first three-way valve is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61, and the first three-way
  • the third port c of the valve is connected to the first port d of the second three-way valve; the second port e of the second three-way valve is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 and the other end of the electric drive bypass 38,
  • the third port f of the second three-way valve is connected to one end of the cooling bypass 33 .
  • the coolant flows through the heat dissipation bypass 33 , the main heat dissipation path 7 , the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 and the electric drive bypass path 38 , but does not flow through the electric drive flow path 62 .
  • both the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are electromagnetic valves.
  • the coolant can flow through the electric drive bypass 38 and not flow through the electric drive flow path 62, avoiding The problem of affecting the working efficiency of the electric drive assembly 31 due to the low temperature of the coolant is solved.
  • the principle of the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 , FIG. 3 , and FIG. 4 .
  • the electric drive heat management circuit 3 in this specific embodiment is mainly used for thermal management of the electric drive assembly 31 and heat transfer between the environment and the battery heat management circuit 2 .
  • the coolant In winter, when the temperature of the coolant in the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 is lower than the ambient temperature, the coolant can pass through the radiator 32 to absorb the heat of the environment, and then transfer the heat from the environment to the battery via the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 Thermal management loop 2. Moreover, the heat generated by the electric drive assembly 31 can also be transmitted to the battery thermal management circuit 2 via the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 .
  • the radiator 32 When the temperature of the coolant in the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 is greater than or equal to the ambient temperature, the radiator 32 cannot absorb heat from the environment. At this time, the radiator 32 can be bypassed to transmit the temperature of the electric drive component 31 to the battery thermal management Loop 2.
  • the heat of the battery thermal management circuit 2 can be dissipated to the environment through the radiator 32 of the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 .
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 is mainly used to adjust the flow direction of the coolant in the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 . Therefore, one end and the other end of the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 , the heat dissipation main circuit 7 , and the heat dissipation bypass 33 do not simply represent the outlets and entrances of the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 , the heat dissipation main circuit 7 , and the heat dissipation bypass 33 .
  • one end of the electric drive coolant main circuit 6, the heat dissipation main circuit 7, and the heat dissipation bypass 33 is the electric drive coolant main circuit 6, the heat dissipation main circuit, and the heat dissipation bypass 33
  • the other end of the electric drive coolant main road 6, the heat dissipation main road 7, and the heat dissipation bypass 33 is the outlet of the electric drive coolant main road 6, the heat dissipation main road 7, and the heat dissipation bypass 33.
  • the adjustment direction of the electric drive circuit water pump 35 is the second direction opposite to the first direction, it is opposite.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 will be described with reference to Fig. 1 , Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is arranged between the battery thermal management circuit 2 and the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 of the electric drive thermal management circuit 3, so as to adjust the battery thermal management circuit 2 and the electric drive thermal management circuit 2 through the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5.
  • the cooling and heating of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 can be reversed, so that the heat can be transferred from the battery heat management circuit 2 to the electric drive heat management circuit 3; the heat can also be transferred from the electric drive heat management circuit 3 to the battery heat management circuit 2 transfer.
  • the cooling and heating reversing of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 can be realized by switching the positive and negative poles of the power supply.
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 includes a thermoelectric heat exchange unit 50
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange unit 50 includes a battery liquid cooling module 51 and a thermoelectric module stacked in sequence along the thickness direction of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5.
  • the electric drive liquid cooling module 55 one side of the thermoelectric module is in contact with the battery liquid cooling module 51, the other side of the thermoelectric module is in contact with the electric drive liquid cooling module 55, and the battery liquid cooling module 51 is set on the battery
  • the thermal management circuit 2 is set in series with the battery 21
  • the electric drive liquid cooling module 55 is set on the main circuit 6 of the electric drive cooling liquid, and is set in series with the electric drive assembly 31 .
  • connectors 57 are provided on the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange unit 50 , so as to connect multiple thermoelectric heat exchange units 50 to form a larger volume thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 .
  • mounting holes 58 are provided at the edges of the battery liquid cooling module 51 and the electric drive liquid cooling module 55 for the semiconductor layer, heat conduction layer, battery liquid cooling module 51, and electric drive liquid cooling module 55. Complete the installation connection between.
  • thermoelectric module includes a first heat conduction layer 52 , a semiconductor layer 53 and a second heat conduction layer 54 sequentially stacked along the thickness direction of the thermoelectric heat exchange unit 50 .
  • One side of the first heat conduction layer 52 is in contact with the battery liquid cooling module 51
  • the other side of the first heat conduction layer 52 is in contact with one side of the semiconductor layer 53
  • the other side of the semiconductor layer 53 is in contact with one side of the second heat conduction layer 54.
  • the other side of the second heat conduction layer 54 is in contact with the electric drive liquid cooling module 55
  • the semiconductor layer 53 includes a plurality of semiconductors 531 arranged in a matrix.
  • a plurality of semiconductors 531 arranged in a matrix are supported via a support frame 56 to form a semiconductor layer 53 .
  • the semiconductor layer 53 is used to generate heat after electrification to heat the battery liquid cooling module 51 and the electric driving liquid cooling module 55 .
  • Both the battery liquid cooling module 51 and the electric drive liquid cooling module 55 are water cooling plates.
  • Both the first heat conduction layer 52 and the second heat conduction layer 54 are provided for better heat conduction.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 has two thermoelectric heat exchange units 50 , and the two thermoelectric heat exchange units 50 are stacked sequentially in the thickness direction of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 .
  • the battery liquid cooling module 51 of one of the thermoelectric heat exchange cells 50 is set close to the battery liquid cooling module 51 of the other thermoelectric heat exchange cell 50, and the battery liquid cooling module 51 of one of the thermoelectric heat exchange cells 50 is connected to the A third heat conduction layer is also arranged between the battery liquid cooling modules 51 of the other thermoelectric heat exchange unit 50 .
  • a battery circuit water inlet m and a battery circuit water outlet n are also provided on the side of each battery liquid cooling module 51, and an electric drive circuit water inlet is also provided on the side of each electric drive liquid cooling module 55. o and the water outlet p of the electric drive circuit.
  • the cooling side and heating side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 are changed by changing the positive and negative electrodes of the battery liquid cooling module 51 and the electric driving liquid cooling module 55 .
  • the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 When it is necessary to set the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 close to the battery thermal management circuit 2 as the heating side, connect the battery liquid cooling module 51 to the positive pole;
  • the cooling side When the cooling side is set as the cooling side, the battery liquid cooling module 51 is connected to the negative electrode.
  • the polarity of the electric drive liquid cooling module 55 is also naturally determined.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 may also include three, four or even more thermoelectric heat exchange units stacked in sequence in the thickness direction of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 50.
  • the number of the semiconductor layer 53 and the heat conduction layer can also be set according to actual heat generation and heat conduction needs, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the vehicle thermal management method includes the following steps:
  • S1 Obtain the start information of the vehicle, and judge whether the vehicle is started according to the start information of the vehicle;
  • S2 Obtain the status information of the vehicle from the power management module of the vehicle, and judge whether the vehicle is currently in a driving state according to the status information of the vehicle;
  • step S3 If the vehicle is currently in a driving state, execute step S3;
  • S3 Obtain the status information of the battery in the vehicle thermal management system and the status information of the passenger compartment, and judge whether the thermal management requirement of the vehicle is only for heating the passenger compartment according to the status information of the battery and the status information of the passenger compartment;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the first mode.
  • the cell temperature of the battery is less than the preset second temperature threshold, or the water temperature of the electric drive assembly is greater than or equal to the preset third temperature threshold, then it is determined whether the water temperature of the electric drive assembly is greater than or equal to the ambient temperature;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the second mode.
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the third mode.
  • the starting information of the vehicle includes but not limited to the engine speed, the power-on information of the vehicle controller, and the engine temperature.
  • the engine speed is greater than zero, or the vehicle controller is powered on, or the engine temperature continues to rise, it means that the vehicle has started.
  • the status information of the vehicle can be obtained directly from the power management module of the vehicle.
  • the status of the vehicle is generally divided into two types, driving status and charging status, and the charging status can be subdivided into fast charging and slow charging.
  • the state information of the battery includes but not limited to the temperature of the battery
  • the state information of the passenger compartment includes but not limited to the temperature of the passenger compartment.
  • the temperature of the battery when the temperature of the battery is lower than the preset temperature threshold of about 25° C., the battery needs to be heated; when the temperature of the battery is higher than the preset temperature threshold of about 45° C., the temperature of the battery needs to be cooled.
  • the air conditioner temperature adjustment button in the passenger compartment indicates heating, it means that the passenger compartment needs to be warmed up, and when the temperature adjustment button in the passenger compartment indicates cooling, it means that the passenger compartment needs to be cooled down.
  • step S4 needs to determine whether the thermal management requirement of the vehicle is only for passenger compartment heating. That is to say, at this time, there is no need to cool or heat the battery, but only to heat the passenger compartment.
  • the temperature of the battery core and the water temperature of the electric drive components can be collected by the temperature sensor.
  • the preset first temperature threshold ranges from -13°C to -17°C.
  • it may be -13°C, -15°C, -16.5°C, -17°C, or other values within this range.
  • the preset second temperature threshold ranges from 15°C to 25°C. For example, it may be 15°C, 20°C, 23.5°C, 25°C, or other values within this range.
  • the preset third temperature threshold ranges from 0°C to 10°C. For example, it may be 0°C, 5°C, 7.5°C, 10°C, or other values within this range.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the first mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is not powered on, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, and the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery flow channel 9 , the electric drive circuit water pump 35 of the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 works, and the electric drive flow path switching component 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation bypass 33 to form a circuit; the compressor flow path of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 121 , the in-vehicle condenser flow path 141 , the function valve flow path 191 communicate with the battery cooler flow path 412 to form a loop.
  • the dotted lines in the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 represent the flow paths that the refrigerant does not pass through, and the solid lines represent the flow paths that the refrigerant passes through. Arrows next to solid lines indicate the direction of refrigerant flow.
  • the dotted lines in the battery thermal management circuit 2 and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 indicate the flow paths through which the coolant does not pass, the solid lines indicate the flow paths through which the coolant passes, and the arrows on the solid lines indicate the flow directions of the coolant.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the first mode, the first interface a and the third interface c of the battery flow path switching component 23 are connected, and the third interface c of the electric drive flow path switching component 34
  • the port c communicates with the fourth port d, the first regulating valve 111 is closed, the second regulating valve 16 is half-opened to throttle, the third regulating valve 151 is closed, the bypass valve 17 is closed, the heating valve 18 is closed, and the function valve 19 is opened.
  • the compressor 12 In the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1, the compressor 12 is in the heating mode, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant from the compressor 12 first passes through the in-vehicle condenser 14.
  • the condenser 14 in the car exchanges heat, condenses and releases heat to heat the passenger compartment, and at the same time, the refrigerant turns into a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid, and there is only one way, that is, after being throttled by the second regulating valve 16, it passes through the function valve 19 and enters the battery cooler 4 for absorption and cooling.
  • the heat in the liquid turns into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas and returns to the compressor 12 .
  • the cooling fluid cooled by the battery cooler 4 enters the battery 21 and absorbs heat stored in the battery 21 .
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 when the water temperature of the electric drive assembly 31 is lower than the ambient temperature, the heat of the electric drive assembly 31 is stored.
  • the passenger compartment heat is the sum of the power consumption of the compressor 12 and the heat of the battery 21 absorbed by the battery cooler 4 .
  • the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 includes a thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 and an electric drive flow path 62 sequentially connected in series, and when the electric drive heat management circuit 3 also includes a thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37, the first In this mode, the electric drive flow path switching component 34 connects the electric drive flow path 62 , the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass and the heat dissipation bypass 33 to form a loop.
  • the electric drive flow path switching component 34 is a four-way valve
  • the first port a of the four-way valve is connected to one end of the heat dissipation main circuit 7, and the second port b is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the second mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the battery thermal management circuit 2 is the heating side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive heat One side of the management circuit 3 is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery bypass 22 to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 works, and the electric drive flow path switching part 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation bypass 33 to form a circuit; 141.
  • the functional valve flow path 191 communicates with the battery cooler flow path 412 to form a loop.
  • the dotted line in the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 indicates the flow path that the refrigerant does not pass through, and the solid line represents the flow path that the refrigerant passes through. Arrows next to solid lines indicate the direction of refrigerant flow.
  • the dotted lines in the battery thermal management circuit 2 and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 indicate the flow paths through which the coolant does not pass, the solid lines indicate the flow paths through which the coolant passes, and the arrows on the solid lines indicate the flow directions of the coolant.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the second mode, the first interface a and the second interface b of the battery flow path switching part 23 are connected, and the second port of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • the port b communicates with the fourth port d; the first regulating valve 111 is closed, the second regulating valve 16 is half-opened and throttling, the third regulating valve 151 is closed, the bypass valve 17 is closed, the heating valve 18 is closed, and the function valve 19 is opened.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized to work to supplement the heat absorbed by the refrigerant of the battery cooler 4 .
  • the compressor 12 In the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1, the compressor 12 is in the heating mode, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant from the compressor 12 first passes through the in-vehicle condenser 14.
  • the condenser 14 in the car exchanges heat, condenses and releases heat to heat the passenger compartment, and at the same time, the refrigerant becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid, and there is only one way, that is, after being throttled by the second regulating valve 16, it is throttled by the function valve 19 and then enters the battery cooler. 4 Absorb the heat in the cooling liquid and turn it into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas and return to the compressor 12.
  • the coolant bypasses the battery to prevent the battery efficiency from being affected by the temperature drop of the coolant.
  • the four-way valve bypasses the radiator.
  • the heat of the electric drive assembly 31 is naturally transferred to the side of the battery heat management circuit 2 through the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 , and then through the battery cooler 4 to transfer the heat to the passenger compartment through the refrigerant circuit.
  • the heat in the passenger compartment is the sum of the power consumption of the compressor 12 , the power consumption of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 , and the heat absorbed by the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 from the electric drive heat management circuit 3 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the third mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the battery thermal management loop 2 is the heating side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive heat One side of the management circuit 3 is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery bypass 22 to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 works, and the electric drive flow path switching part 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation main circuit 7 to form a circuit; 141.
  • the function valve flow path 191 communicates with the battery cooler flow path 412 to form a loop.
  • the dotted lines in the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 represent the flow paths that the refrigerant does not pass through, and the solid lines represent the flow paths that the refrigerant passes through. Arrows next to solid lines indicate the direction of refrigerant flow.
  • the dotted lines in the battery thermal management circuit 2 and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 indicate the flow paths through which the coolant does not pass, the solid lines indicate the flow paths through which the coolant passes, and the arrows on the solid lines indicate the flow directions of the coolant.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the third mode, the first interface a and the second interface b of the battery flow path switching part 23 are connected, and the first port a of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • the interface a communicates with the second interface b; the first regulating valve 111 is closed, the second regulating valve 16 is half-opened to throttle, the third regulating valve 151 is closed, the bypass valve 17 is closed, the heating valve 18 is closed, and the function valve 19 is opened.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized to work to supplement the heat absorbed by the refrigerant of the battery cooler 4 .
  • the compressor 12 In the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1, the compressor 12 is in the heating mode, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant from the compressor 12 first passes through the in-vehicle condenser 14.
  • the condenser 14 in the car exchanges heat, condenses and releases heat to heat the passenger compartment, and at the same time, the refrigerant turns into a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid, and there is only one way, that is, after being throttled by the second regulating valve 16, it passes through the function valve 19 and enters the battery cooler 4 for absorption and cooling.
  • the heat in the liquid turns into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas and returns to the compressor 12 .
  • the cooling liquid bypasses the battery 21 to prevent the temperature of the cooling liquid from dropping to affect the efficiency of the battery 21 .
  • the cooling fluid cooled by the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is lower than the ambient temperature, and then absorbs the ambient temperature through the radiator 32 .
  • the heating side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 absorbs heat from the environment and transfers it to the electric drive thermal management circuit 3, then transfers it to the battery thermal management circuit 2 through the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5, and finally transfers it to the passenger cabin through the air conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1 .
  • the passenger compartment heat is the sum of the power consumption of the compressor 12 , the power consumption of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 , the heat absorbed by the radiator 32 from the environment, and the heat absorbed by the radiator 32 from the electric drive assembly 31 .
  • step S4 if the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the preset first temperature threshold, the vehicle thermal management system enters the fourth mode, and judges whether the outlet water temperature of the battery cooler is lower than the outdoor temperature of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit.
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the fifth mode
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the sixth mode.
  • the preset first temperature difference threshold ranges from 0°C to 5°C.
  • it may be 0°C, 2.5°C, 5°C, or other values within this range.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the fourth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is not powered on, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 is working, and the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 is connected to the battery bypass 22 A circuit is formed, the electric drive circuit water pump 35 of the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 works, the electric drive flow path switching component 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation bypass 33 to form a circuit, and the compressor of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1
  • Flow path 121, in-vehicle condenser flow path 141, function valve flow path 191 communicate with battery cooler flow path 412 to form the first circuit, compressor flow path 121 of air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1, in-vehicle condenser flow path 141 ,
  • the outdoor heat exchanger flow path 411 communicates with the heating flow path 181 to form a second circuit.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the fourth mode, the first interface a and the second interface b of the battery flow path switching part 23 are connected, and the second port of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • the port b is connected to the fourth port d
  • the first regulating valve 111 is half-opened and throttling
  • the second regulating valve 16 is half-opening and throttling
  • the third regulating valve 151 is closed
  • the bypass valve 17 is closed
  • the heating valve 18 is opened
  • the function valve 19 open
  • the compressor 12 In the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1, the compressor 12 is in the heating mode, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant from the compressor 12 first passes through the in-vehicle condenser 14.
  • the condenser 14 in the car exchanges heat, condenses and releases heat to heat the passenger compartment, and at the same time, the refrigerant turns into a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid and divides into two paths. After one path is throttled by the first regulating valve 111, it enters the outdoor heat exchanger 11 to evaporate and absorb ambient heat.
  • the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas, and returns to the compressor 12 through the heating valve 18; the other way is throttled by the second regulating valve 16, and then enters the battery cooler 4 to absorb the heat in the cooling liquid through the function valve 19 to become Turn into low-temperature low-pressure gas and return to compressor 12.
  • the cooling liquid bypasses the battery 21 to prevent the temperature of the cooling liquid from dropping to affect the efficiency of the battery 21 .
  • the radiator 32 is bypassed.
  • the heat of the electric drive assembly 31 is naturally transferred to the battery heat management circuit 2 side through the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 , and then through the battery cooler 4 to transfer the heat to the passenger cabin through the air conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1 .
  • the heat in the passenger compartment is the sum of the power consumption of the compressor 12 , the heat absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger 11 , and the heat absorbed by the battery cooler 4 in the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the fifth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the battery thermal management circuit 2 is the heating side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive heat One side of the management circuit 3 is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery bypass 22 to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 works, and the electric drive flow path switching part 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation bypass 33 to form a circuit; 141.
  • the flow path 191 of the function valve communicates with the flow path 412 of the battery cooler to form a first circuit.
  • the heat flow path 181 communicates to form a second circuit.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the fifth mode, the first port a and the second port b of the battery flow path switching component 23 communicate, and the second port of the electric drive flow path switching component 34
  • the port b is connected to the fourth port d
  • the first regulating valve 111 is half-opened and throttling
  • the second regulating valve 16 is half-opening and throttling
  • the third regulating valve 151 is closed
  • the bypass valve 17 is closed
  • the heating valve 18 is opened
  • the function valve 19 open
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is powered on to supplement the heat absorbed by the refrigerant of the battery cooler 4 .
  • the compressor 12 In the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1, the compressor 12 is in the heating mode, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant from the compressor 12 first passes through the in-vehicle condenser 14.
  • the condenser 14 in the car exchanges heat, condenses and releases heat to heat the passenger compartment, and at the same time, the refrigerant turns into a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid and divides into two paths. After one path is throttled by the first regulating valve 111, it enters the outdoor heat exchanger 11 to evaporate and absorb ambient heat.
  • the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas, and returns to the compressor 12 through the heating valve 18; the other way is throttled by the second regulating valve 16, and then enters the battery cooler 4 to absorb the heat in the cooling liquid through the function valve 19 to become Turn into low-temperature low-pressure gas and return to compressor 12.
  • the cooling liquid bypasses the battery 21 to prevent the temperature of the cooling liquid from dropping to affect the efficiency of the battery 21 .
  • the radiator 32 is bypassed.
  • the heat of the electric drive assembly 31 is naturally transferred to the battery heat management circuit 2 side through the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 , and then through the battery cooler 4 to transfer the heat to the passenger cabin through the air conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1 .
  • the passenger compartment heat is the sum of the power consumption of the compressor 12, the heat absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger 11, the power consumption of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5, and the heat absorbed by the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 from the electric drive heat management circuit 3.
  • the difference between the fourth mode and the fifth mode lies in whether the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is powered on or not.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the sixth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the battery thermal management circuit 2 is the heating side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive heat One side of the management circuit 3 is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery bypass 22 to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 works, and the electric drive flow path switching part 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation main circuit 7 to form a circuit; 141.
  • the flow path 191 of the function valve communicates with the flow path 412 of the battery cooler to form a first circuit.
  • the heat flow path 181 communicates to form a second circuit.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the sixth mode, the first interface a and the second interface b of the battery flow path switching part 23 are connected, and the first port a of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • the port a is connected to the second port b
  • the first regulating valve 111 is half-opened and throttling
  • the second regulating valve 16 is half-opening and throttling
  • the third regulating valve 151 is closed
  • the bypass valve 17 is closed
  • the heating valve 18 is opened
  • the function valve 19 open
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 can absorb heat from the environment and enter the sixth mode.
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized to supplement the heat absorbed by the refrigerant of the battery cooler 4 .
  • the compressor 12 In the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1, the compressor 12 is in the heating mode, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant from the compressor 12 first passes through the in-vehicle condenser 14.
  • the condenser 14 in the car exchanges heat, condenses and releases heat to heat the passenger compartment, and at the same time, the refrigerant turns into a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid and divides into two paths. After one path is throttled by the first regulating valve 111, it enters the outdoor heat exchanger 11 to evaporate and absorb ambient heat.
  • the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas, and returns to the compressor 12 through the heating valve 18; the other way is throttled by the second regulating valve 16, and then enters the battery cooler 4 to absorb the heat in the cooling liquid through the function valve 19 to become Turn into low-temperature low-pressure gas and return to compressor 12.
  • the cooling liquid bypasses the battery 21 to prevent the temperature of the cooling liquid from dropping to affect the efficiency of the battery 21 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 In the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 , when the outlet water temperature of the electric drive assembly 31 is lower than the ambient temperature, the cooling fluid cooled by the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is lower than the ambient temperature, and then absorbs the ambient temperature through the radiator 32 .
  • the hot side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 absorbs heat from the environment and transfers it to the electric drive thermal management circuit 3, then transfers it to the battery thermal management circuit 2 through the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5, and finally transfers it to the passenger cabin through the air conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1 .
  • the passenger compartment heat is the power consumption of the compressor 12, the heat absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger 11, the power consumption of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5, the heat absorbed by the radiator 32 from the environment, and the heat generated by the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 from the electric drive.
  • step S2 if the vehicle is currently in a driving state, the thermal management method further includes:
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the seventh mode.
  • the water temperature of the electric drive component is less than the preset fourth temperature threshold, it is judged whether the water temperature of the electric drive component is greater than or equal to the ambient temperature;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the eighth mode.
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the ninth mode.
  • state information of the battery and the state information of the passenger compartment are the same as the state information of the battery and the state information of the passenger compartment mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the preset fourth temperature threshold ranges from 15°C to 25°C.
  • it may be 15°C, 17.5°C, 20°C, 25°C, or other values within this range.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the seventh mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is not energized, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, and the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery flow channel 9 A circuit is formed, the electric drive circuit water pump 35 of the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 works, the electric drive flow path switching component 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the cooling bypass 33 to form a circuit, and the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 does not work.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the seventh mode, the first port a of the battery flow path switching part 23 is connected to the third port c, and the second port of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • the interface b is connected to the fourth interface d, the first regulating valve 111 is in the normal state, the second regulating valve 16 is in the normal state, the third regulating valve 151 is in the normal state, the bypass valve 17 is in the normal state, the heating valve 18 is in the normal state, and the function valve 19 as normal.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 does not work, and the heat of the electric drive heat management circuit 3 is transferred to the battery heat management circuit 2 through the natural heat conduction of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the eighth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the battery thermal management circuit 2 is the heating side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive heat One side of the management circuit 3 is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery flow channel 9 to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 works, the electric drive flow path switching component 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the cooling bypass 33 to form a circuit, and the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 does not work.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the eighth mode, the first interface a and the third interface c of the battery flow path switching part 23 are connected, the first regulating valve 111 is normal, and the second The regulating valve 16 is in the normal state, the third regulating valve 151 is in the normal state, the bypass valve 17 is in the normal state, the heating valve 18 is in the normal state, and the function valve 19 is in the normal state.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is working, and the heat absorption from the electric drive assembly 31 is enhanced through the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the ninth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the battery thermal management circuit 2 is the heating side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive heat One side of the management circuit 3 is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery flow channel 9 to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 works, the electric drive flow circuit switching part 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation main circuit 7 to form a circuit, and the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 does not work.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the ninth mode, the first port a of the battery flow path switching part 23 is connected to the third port c, and the first port of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • the interface a and the second interface b are connected, the first regulating valve 111 is in the normal state, the second regulating valve 16 is in the normal state, the third regulating valve 151 is in the normal state, the bypass valve 17 is in the normal state, the heating valve 18 is in the normal state, and the function valve 19 as normal.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is working, and the heat absorption from the electric drive assembly 31 is enhanced through the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 .
  • step S2 if the vehicle is currently in a driving state, the thermal management method further includes:
  • thermal management requirement of the vehicle is battery heating and passenger compartment heating, it is judged whether the heating target of the passenger compartment is met;
  • thermal management requirement of the vehicle is not heating the battery and heating the passenger compartment, continue to determine whether the thermal management requirement of the vehicle is heating the battery and heating the passenger compartment;
  • the thermal management demand of the vehicle is battery heating and passenger compartment heating
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the tenth mode.
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the eleventh mode.
  • the heating target of the passenger compartment refers to whether the temperature of the passenger compartment reaches a preset minimum temperature.
  • the preset minimum temperature may be manually entered by a member of the crew compartment.
  • the preset rotational speed threshold is comprehensively determined according to the ambient temperature, the heating setting of the passenger compartment, and the maximum rotational speed of the compressor.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the tenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the battery thermal management circuit 2 is the heating side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive heat One side of the management circuit 3 is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery flow channel 9 to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 works, and the electric drive flow path switching part 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation bypass 33 to form a circuit; 141.
  • the flow path 191 of the function valve communicates with the flow path 412 of the battery cooler to form a first circuit.
  • the heat flow path 181 communicates to form a second circuit.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the tenth mode, the first port a of the battery flow path switching part 23 is connected to the third port c, and the second port of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • the port b is connected to the fourth port d
  • the first regulating valve 111 is half-opened and throttling
  • the second regulating valve 16 is half-opening and throttling
  • the third regulating valve 151 is closed
  • the bypass valve 17 is closed
  • the heating valve 18 is opened
  • the function valve 19 open
  • the working states of the air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1 and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 are similar to the fifth mode.
  • the coolant heated by the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 first passes through the battery 21 to heat the battery 21 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the eleventh mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the battery thermal management circuit 2 is the heating side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive One side of the thermal management circuit 3 is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery flow channel 9 to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 works, and the electric drive flow path switching part 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation main circuit 7 to form a circuit;
  • the compressor flow path 121 of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1, the condenser flow 141, the function valve flow path 191 and the battery cooler flow path 412 are connected to form a first circuit, the compressor flow path 121 of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1, the interior condenser flow path 141, the outdoor heat exchanger
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the eleventh mode, the first interface a and the third interface c of the battery flow path switching part 23 are connected, and the first port a of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • the first port a is connected to the second port b
  • the first regulating valve 111 is half-opened and throttling
  • the second regulating valve 16 is half-opening and throttling
  • the third regulating valve 151 is closed
  • the bypass valve 17 is closed
  • the heating valve 18 is opened.
  • Valve 19 is open.
  • the working states of the air-conditioning cooling and heating circuit 1 and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 are similar to the sixth mode.
  • the coolant heated by the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 first passes through the battery 21 to heat the battery 21 .
  • step S1 if the vehicle is started, the thermal management method further includes:
  • the thermal management requirement of the vehicle is only for heating the passenger compartment, it is determined whether the ambient temperature is lower than a preset fifth temperature threshold;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the third mode
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the sixth mode
  • thermal management requirement of the vehicle is not only for heating the passenger compartment, determine whether the thermal management requirement of the vehicle is only for battery heating
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the twelfth mode
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters a thirteenth mode.
  • the preset fifth temperature threshold ranges from -13°C to -17°C.
  • it may be -13°C, -15°C, -16.5°C, -17°C, or other values within this range.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the twelfth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the thermal management circuit 2 of the battery is the heating side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive One side of the thermal management circuit 3 is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery flow channel 9 to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 works, and the electric drive flow path switching part 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation main circuit 7 to form a circuit; the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 does not work, and the compressor 12 does not work either.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the twelfth mode, the first interface a and the third interface c of the battery flow path switching part 23 are connected, and the first port a of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • the first port a is connected to the second port b
  • the first regulating valve 111 is in the normal state
  • the second regulating valve 16 is in the normal state
  • the third regulating valve 151 is in the normal state
  • the bypass valve 17 is in the normal state
  • the heating valve 18 is in the normal state
  • the function valve 19 is the norm.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 works to heat the coolant on the side of the battery heat management circuit 2 to heat the battery 21 , and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 absorbs heat from the environment through the electric drive heat management circuit 3 .
  • the heating amount of the battery 21 is the sum of the power consumption of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 and the heat in the environment absorbed by the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 through the electric drive heat management circuit 3 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the thirteenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the battery thermal management loop 2 is the heating side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive One side of the thermal management circuit 3 is the cooling side, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery flow channel 9 to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 works, and the electric drive flow path switching part 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation main circuit 7 to form a circuit; the compressor flow path 121 of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1, the condenser flow
  • the channel 141 , the functional valve channel 191 communicate with the battery cooler channel 412 to form a circuit.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the thirteenth mode, the first interface a and the third interface c of the battery flow path switching part 23 are connected, and the first port a of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • the first port a is connected to the second port b, the first regulating valve 111 is closed, the second regulating valve 16 is half-opened to throttle, the third regulating valve 151 is closed, the bypass valve 17 is closed, the heating valve 18 is closed, and the function valve 19 is opened .
  • the thirteenth mode is similar to the third mode, and the working states of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 are the same.
  • the difference is that in the battery thermal management circuit 2 of the thirteenth mode, the coolant heated by the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 first passes through the battery 21 to heat the battery 21, and then passes through the battery cooler 4, and the coolant cooled by the battery cooler 4 Then heat through the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 .
  • the power consumption of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is larger in the thirteenth mode.
  • the sum of the passenger compartment heat and the heating of the battery 21 is equal to the sum of the power consumption of the compressor 12 , the power consumption of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 , and the heat absorbed by the radiator 32 from the environment.
  • step S1 if the vehicle is started, the thermal management method further includes:
  • the ambient temperature is greater than the preset sixth temperature threshold, it is judged whether there is a cooling demand in the passenger compartment at the same time;
  • the passenger compartment has a cooling demand at the same time, it is judged whether the absolute value of the difference between the target temperature of the passenger compartment and the actual temperature of the passenger compartment is greater than the preset second temperature difference threshold;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters a fourteenth mode
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters a fifteenth mode.
  • the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset sixth temperature threshold, it is judged whether the target water temperature of the battery is less than the preset seventh temperature threshold;
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the sixteenth mode.
  • the vehicle thermal management system enters the seventeenth mode.
  • the preset sixth temperature threshold ranges from 18°C to 22°C, such as 18°C, 19.5°C, 20°C, 22°C, or other values within this range.
  • the preset seventh temperature threshold ranges from 12°C to 20°C, for example, 12°C, 15°C, 18.5°C, 20°C, or other values within the range.
  • the range of the preset first temperature difference threshold is 0°C to 5°C.
  • it may be 0°C, 2.5°C, 5°C, or other values within this range.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the fourteenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the battery thermal management loop 2 is the cooling side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive heat One side of the management circuit 3 is the heating side, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 works, the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 communicates with the battery flow channel 9 to form a circuit, and the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 works, and the electric drive flow path switching part 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation main circuit 7 to form a circuit; the compressor flow path 121 of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1, the condenser flow
  • the channel 141 , the regulating valve channel 1111 communicate with the indoor evaporator channel to form a circuit, and the refrigerant does not flow through the interior condenser 14 .
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the fourteenth mode, the first port a of the battery flow path switching part 23 is connected to the third port c, and the first port a of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • the first port a communicates with the second port b, the first regulating valve 111 is opened, the second regulating valve 16 is closed or half-opened, the third regulating valve 151 is opened, the bypass valve 17 is opened, the heating valve 18 is closed, and the function valve 19 off.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 works to cool down the coolant in the battery thermal management circuit 2 to cool the battery 21 ; and heats the coolant in the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 , and then transfers heat to the environment through the radiator 32 .
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant from the compressor 12 first passes through the in-vehicle condenser 14.
  • the temperature damper of the air-conditioning box in the passenger compartment is in the full cooling mode, and the air does not pass through the in-vehicle condenser 14, that is, The air does not exchange heat with the interior condenser 14, and then passes through the bypass valve 17 and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 11 to condense into medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid.
  • the refrigerant is one way, that is, throttling through the third regulating valve 151, and absorbing the heat of the air in the air-conditioning box through the in-vehicle evaporator 15 to cool the air to cool the passenger compartment.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the fifteenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is not energized, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 is on or off, and the battery coolant main circuit 8 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 is connected to the battery flow
  • the circuit is connected to form a circuit, the electric drive circuit water pump 35 of the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 works, and the electric drive flow circuit switching component 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation main circuit 7 to form a circuit; the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1
  • the compressor flow path 121, the bypass valve flow path 171, the function valve flow path 191, the outdoor heat exchanger flow path 411, and the battery cooler flow path 412 are connected to form the first circuit.
  • the compressor flow path of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 121 The compressor flow path of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 121.
  • the in-vehicle condenser flow path 141, the bypass valve flow path 171, the function valve flow path 191, the outdoor heat exchanger communicate with the in-vehicle evaporator flow path 152 to form a second circuit.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the fifteenth mode, the first interface a and the third interface c of the battery flow path switching part 23 are connected, and the first port a of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • One port a communicates with the third port c, the first regulating valve 111 is opened, the second regulating valve 16 is closed or half-opened, the third regulating valve 151 is opened or closed, the bypass valve 17 is opened, and the heating valve 18 is closed.
  • Function valve 19 is closed.
  • the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 includes a thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61 and an electric drive flow path 62 connected in series
  • the electric drive heat management circuit 3 also includes a thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37
  • the electric drive flow path switching component 34 connects the electric drive flow path 62 , the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 and the heat dissipation main path 7 to form a loop.
  • the electric drive flow path switching component 34 is a four-way valve
  • the first port a of the four-way valve is connected to one end of the heat dissipation main circuit 7, and the second port b is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange flow path 61
  • the second When the third port c is connected to the other end of the thermoelectric heat exchange bypass 37 , and the fourth port d is connected to one end of the cooling bypass 33 , the first port a of the four-way valve communicates with the third port c.
  • the battery thermal management circuit 2 is independent from the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 .
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 does not work at this time.
  • the coolant in the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 does not pass through the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5;
  • the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 drives the coolant through the electric drive circuit water pump 35 to dissipate heat through the radiator 32, and the cooled coolant cools the electric drive thermal management circuit 3
  • the cooling water temperature target of the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 is generally less than or equal to 65°C;
  • the battery thermal management circuit 2 absorbs the heat of the cooling liquid in the battery cooler 4 through the refrigerant in the battery cooler 4 to cool down the cooling liquid in the battery thermal management circuit 2 , and the cooled cooling liquid then cools the battery 21 .
  • the coolant water temperature target of the battery thermal management loop 2 is generally 15-25°C.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant from the compressor 12 first passes through the in-vehicle condenser 14.
  • the temperature damper of the air-conditioning box in the passenger compartment is in the full cooling mode, and the air does not pass through the in-vehicle condenser 14, that is, The air does not exchange heat with the interior condenser 14, and then passes through the bypass valve 17 and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 11 to condense into medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid.
  • the refrigerant is divided into two paths, one path throttling through the third regulating valve 151 in front of the air-conditioning box, the other path throttling through the second regulating valve 16 in front of the battery cooler 4, and becoming a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid after throttling;
  • the internal evaporator 15 absorbs the heat of the air in the air-conditioning box to cool the air to cool the passenger compartment, and absorbs the heat of the coolant through the battery cooler 4 to cool the coolant to cool the battery 21 .
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the sixteenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is not powered on, the battery circuit water pump 24 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 is working, the battery cooler 4 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 is not working, and the electric drive thermal management
  • the electric drive circuit water pump 35 of circuit 3 is working, and the electric drive flow circuit switching part 34 connects the electric drive coolant main circuit 6 with the heat dissipation main circuit 7 to form a circuit; the working state of the air conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 is to be determined.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the sixteenth mode, the first interface a and the third interface c of the battery flow path switching part 23 are connected, and the first port a of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • One port a communicates with the second port b, the first regulating valve 111 is to be determined, the second regulating valve 16 is to be determined, the third regulating valve 151 is to be determined, the bypass valve 17 is to be determined, the heating valve 18 is to be determined, and the function valve 19 is to be determined.
  • the ambient temperature is low, such as less than 20°C.
  • the battery 21 needs to be cooled, and the battery 21 can be cooled by the radiator 32, while the compressor 12 and the battery cooler 4 do not need to work.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 in the seventeenth mode, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 is energized, and the side of the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the battery thermal management circuit 2 is the cooling side, and the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 located in the electric drive heat One side of the management circuit 3 is the heating side, the battery cooler 4 of the battery thermal management circuit 2 is not working, the electric drive circuit water pump 35 of the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 is working, and the electric drive flow switching component 34 transfers the electric drive coolant
  • the main road 6 communicates with the heat dissipation main road 7 to form a circuit; the working state of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating circuit 1 is to be determined.
  • the battery flow switching part 23 is a three-way valve
  • the electric drive flow switching part 34 is a four-way valve
  • the air-conditioning, cooling and heating circuit 1 also includes a first regulating valve 111, a second regulating valve 16, a third regulating valve 151, And the bypass valve 17, the heating valve 18, and the function valve 19, in the seventeenth mode, the first interface a and the third interface c of the battery flow path switching part 23 are connected, and the first port a of the electric drive flow path switching part 34
  • One port a communicates with the second port b, the first regulating valve 111 is to be determined, the second regulating valve 16 is to be determined, the third regulating valve 151 is to be determined, the bypass valve 17 is to be determined, the heating valve 18 is to be determined, and the function valve 19 is to be determined.
  • thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 when only the radiator 32 is working and the water temperature target of the battery 21 does not meet the requirement, the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 will assist in working.
  • the thermoelectric heat exchange device 5 cools down the coolant in the battery thermal management circuit 2 to cool the battery 21 ; and heats the coolant in the electric drive thermal management circuit 3 , and then transfers the heat to the environment through the radiator 32 .
  • the water temperature target of the battery 21 is generally 12°C to 20°C.

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Abstract

一种车辆热管理系统,括空调制冷制热回路(1)、电池热管理回路(2)和电驱热管理回路(3),空调制冷制热回路(1)和电池热管理回路(2)之间设有电池冷却器(4),电池热管理回路(2)上设有电池(21),电驱热管理回路(3)包括以串联方式依次连接的电驱冷却液主路(6)和散热主路(7),电驱冷却液主路(6)上设有电驱组件(31),散热主路(7)上设有散热器(32),还包括热电换热装置(5),热电换热装置(5)设置于电池热管理回路(2)与电驱热管理回路(3)的电驱冷却液主路(6)之间,以通过热电换热装置(5)调节电池热管理回路(2)与电驱热管理回路(3)之间冷却液的热传递状态,还包括散热旁路(33)和电驱流路切换部件(34),散热旁路(33)与散热主路(7)以并联的方式连接,电驱流路切换部件(34)连接于散热主路(7)的一端、散热旁路(33)的一端以及电驱冷却液主路(6)的一端之间。

Description

车辆热管理系统及车辆热管理方法 技术领域
本申请涉及新能源车的热管理技术领域,特别涉及一种车辆热管理系统及车辆热管理方法。
背景技术
近年来,随着新能源车的逐渐普及,新能源车的各项性能也有了明显的提升。新能源车的热管理系统是对新能源车的热量进行管理的系统,热管理系统的运行也对新能源车的续航里程有很大的影响。为了使得新能源车续航里程越来越长,对于新能源车的热管理系统的要求也越来越高。
新能源车的热管理系统通常包含三个部分,一是乘客舱的热管理,需要控制乘客舱的温度15℃-20℃和湿度为50%-60%左右,以满足乘客需求;二是电池的热管理,需要控制电池的工作温度在25℃-45℃;三是驱动组件的热管理,驱动系统主要包括驱动电机、稳压电源、电机控制器等发热元件。而对驱动组件的热管理目标则是将冷却液温度控制在65℃以下。
现有技术中对于乘客舱的热管理,一般会在水侧设置水侧高压电加热器或者在空气侧设置空气侧高压电加热器,但是,这两种方式的制热效率都很低。对于电池的热管理,会在电池回路中增加水侧高压电加热器以在低温下加热冷却液,而这种方式的加热效率也很低。
为了提高制热效率,某些车型基于制冷剂循环为热管理系统增加了热泵系统。传统的热泵系统,是通过制冷剂在室外换热装置内部蒸发吸收环境热量,具体来说,经过膨胀阀节流的制冷剂变成低温低压液体进入室外换热装置,且制冷剂需低于环境温度,制冷剂的特性是节流程度越大及低压越低,对应的制冷剂温度越低。例如,当环境温度低于-15℃时,制冷剂温度大约需要低于-20℃左右才可通过室外换热装置从环境中吸热。而制冷剂低于-20℃时,制冷剂的绝对压力仅为1.3bar,制冷剂压力过低时,压缩机吸入同样体积的制冷剂的质量流量会大幅度下降,从而导致压缩机过温、以及润滑油回油不畅的问题,这会使得压缩机失效。此外,由于室外换热装置的温度低于环境温度,二者温差较大,当室外换热装置换热时,空气温度下降会使得空气中的水蒸气凝结变成霜附着在室外换热装置上,这会使得室外换热装置的换热能力下降,进而导致热泵系统性能下降,且结霜到一定程度后热泵系统会停止工作。
因此,现有技术中的热管理系统,当制冷剂温度过低时,压缩机容易过温失效;且热泵系统也会因结霜而停止工作,工作效率较低。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于解决现有技术中热管理系统工作效率较低的问题。
为解决上述问题,本申请的实施方式公开了一种车辆热管理系统,包括空调制冷制热回路、电池热管理回路和电驱热管理回路,空调制冷制热回路和电池热管理回路之间设有电池冷却器,电池热管理回路上设有电池,电驱热管理回路包括以串联方式依次连接的电驱冷却液主路和散热主路,电驱冷却液主路上设有电驱组件,散热主路上设有散热器,车辆热管理系统还包括热电换热装置,热电换热装置设置于电池热管理回路与电驱热管理回路的电驱冷却液主路之间,以通过热电换热装置调节电池热管理回路与电驱热管理回路之间冷却液的热传递状态;电驱热管理回路还包括散热旁路和电驱流路切换部件,散热旁路与散热主路以并联的方式连接,电驱流路切换部件连接于散热主路的一端、散热旁路的一端以及电驱冷却液主路的一端之间;其中,电驱冷却液主路通过电驱流路切换部件选择性地与散热主路或散热旁路连通后形成回路。
采用上述方案,通过在电池热管理回路与电驱热管理回路之间设置热电换热装置,热电换热装置 作为一级热泵能够吸收电驱组件、电池、环境中的热量,在空调制冷制热回路和电池热管理回路之间设置电池冷却器,空调制冷制热回路可以通过电池冷却器吸收热电换热装置的热量,空调制冷制热回路的压缩机就能作为二级热泵加热乘客舱。由此,即使是在环境温度较低的时候,压缩机也能够吸收电驱组件、电池、环境中的热量,从而不会过温失效或者因结霜而停止工作。并且,通过在电驱热管理回路中设置散热旁路,在环境温度较低、或者无需从环境中吸热时可以不接入散热器,从而能够避免电驱组件产生的热量传导至环境中造成浪费,或者电驱热管理回路中冷却液的温度较低使得电驱组件工作效率降低的问题。
此外,通过电驱组件的热量对电池、乘客舱进行加热,能够有效利用电驱组件的热量,提高了热量的利用率。并且,热电换热装置从电驱热管理回路吸收的热量,以及电池冷却器从空调制冷制热回路吸收的热量都可以用来加热电池,提高了电池的加热效率,从而也无需在空调制冷制热回路、电池热管理回路设置用于加热的热敏元件(Positive Temperature Coefficient,PTC),降低了系统成本。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理系统,热电换热装置包括热电换热单体,热电换热单体包括沿热电换热装置的厚度方向依次叠设的电池液冷模组、热电模组和电驱液冷模组,热电模组的一侧与电池液冷模组接触,热电模组的另一侧与电驱液冷模组接触,电池液冷模组设置于电池热管理回路上,并与电池以串联的方式设置,电驱液冷模组设置于电驱冷却液主路上,并与电驱组件以串联的方式设置。
并且,在一些实施例中,热电换热装置具有两个热电换热单体,且两个热电换热单体在热电换热装置的厚度方向依次叠设。其中一个热电换热单体的电池液冷模组靠近另一个热电换热单体的电池液冷模组设置,且其中一个热电换热单体的电池液冷模组与另一个热电换热单体的电池液冷模组之间还设置有第三导热层。
采用上述方案,通过将电池液冷模组、热电模组和电驱液冷模组集成在一起形成热电换热装置,仅利用一个部件就能实现电池热管理回路和电驱热管理回路的热量传递,集成度更高。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理系统,热电模组包括沿热电换热单体的厚度方向依次叠设的第一导热层、半导体层和第二导热层;第一导热层的一侧与电池液冷模组接触,第一导热层的另一侧与半导体层的一侧接触,半导体层的另一侧与第二导热层的一侧接触,第二导热层的另一侧与电驱液冷模组接触,且半导体层包括呈矩阵排列的多个半导体。
采用上述方案,利用导热层和半导体层组热电模组,由于半导体层产热快,导热层又能进一步传递热量至电池液冷模组和电驱液冷模组,能提高热电换热装置的传热效率。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理系统,电驱冷却液主路包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路和电驱流路,热电换热装置设置于热电换热流路上,电驱组件设置于电驱流路上,热电换热流路的另一端为电驱冷却液主路的一端,并与电驱流路切换部件连接,电驱流路的一端为电驱冷却液主路的另一端,并与散热主路的另一端、散热旁路的另一端连接;电驱热管理回路还包括热电换热旁路,换热旁路的一端与热电换热流路的一端连接,热电换热旁路的另一端与电驱流路切换部件连接,以使热电换热旁路与热电换热流路以并联的方式设置;其中,电驱流路切换部件选择性地将散热主路或散热旁路与热电换热流路或热电换热旁路连通后,与电驱流路连通形成回路。
采用上述方案,通过设置热电换热旁路,在热电换热装置不通电的时候,冷却液可以流经热电换热旁路,且不流经热电换热装置。由此,可以方便地对热电换热装置进行维修更换。即使是热电换热装置出现故障,也可以暂时用热电换热旁路保证回路的流通,维持基本的制冷或制热需求,提高了系统的稳定性。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理系统,电驱流路切换部件为四通阀,四通阀具有第一接口、第二接口、第三接口和第四接口;第一接口与散热主路的一端连接,第二接口与热电换热流路的另一端连接,第三接口与热电换热旁路的另一端连接,第四接口与散热旁路的一端连接;电驱流路上还设有电驱回路水泵,电驱回路水泵设置在热电换热装置与电驱组件之间。
采用上述方案,通过设置四通阀,利用简单的部件就能使多条流路连通成多个不同的回路,结构简单。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理系统,电驱冷却液主路包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路和电驱流路,热电换热装置设置于热电换热流路上,电驱组件设置于电驱流路上,热电换热流路的另一端为电驱冷却液主路的一端,并与电驱流路切换部件连接,电驱流路的一端为电驱冷却液主路的另一端,并与散热主路的另一端、散热旁路的另一端连接;热电换热流路上还设有电驱回路水泵和换热三通阀,电驱回路水泵和换热三通阀以串联的方式连接,且电驱回路水泵设置在换热三通阀与热电换热装置之间;电驱热管理回路还包括电驱旁路,电驱旁路的一端与换热三通阀连接,电驱旁路的另一端与散热旁路连接,以使电驱旁路与电驱流路以并联的方式设置;并且,换热三通阀具有第一接口、第二接口和第三接口,换热三通阀的第一接口与电驱回路水泵连接,换热三通阀的第二接口与电驱流路的另一端连接,换热三通阀的第三接口与电驱旁路的一端连接;电驱流路切换部件为三通阀,三通阀具有第一接口、第二接口和第三接口;三通阀的第一接口与散热主路的一端连接,三通阀的第二接口与热电换热流路的另一端连接,三通阀的第三接口与散热旁路的一端连接。
采用上述方案,通过设置电驱旁路,在电驱热管理回路中冷却液温度过低时,冷却液可以流经电驱旁路且不流经电驱流路,避免了因冷却液温度较低而影响电驱组件的工作效率的问题。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理系统,电驱冷却液主路包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路和电驱流路,热电换热装置设置于热电换热流路上,电驱组件设置于电驱流路上,热电换热流路的另一端为电驱冷却液主路的一端,并与电驱流路切换部件连接,电驱流路的一端为电驱冷却液主路的另一端,并与散热主路的另一端、散热旁路的另一端连接;热电换热流路上还设有电驱回路水泵和换热三通阀,电驱回路水泵和换热三通阀以串联的方式连接,且电驱回路水泵设置在换热三通阀与热电换热装置之间;电驱热管理回路还包括热电换热旁路和电驱旁路,热电换热旁路的一端与电驱回路水泵连接,热电换热旁路的另一端与电驱流路切换部件连接,以使热电换热旁路与热电换热装置以并联的方式设置;电驱旁路的一端与换热三通阀连接,电驱旁路的另一端与电驱流路切换部件连接,以使电驱旁路与电驱流路以并联的方式设置;换热三通阀具有第一接口、第二接口和第三接口,换热三通阀的第一接口与电驱回路水泵连接,换热三通阀的第二接口与电驱流路的另一端连接,换热三通阀的第三接口与电驱旁路的一端连接;电驱流路切换部件包括以串联的方式连接的第一三通阀和第二三通阀,第一三通阀和第二三通阀均具有第一接口、第二接口和第三接口;第一三通阀的第一接口与散热主路的一端连接,第一三通阀的第二接口与热电换热流路的另一端连接,第一三通阀的第三接口与第二三通阀的第一接口连接;第二三通阀的第二接口与热电换热旁路的另一端、电驱旁路的另一端连接,第二三通阀的第三接口与散热旁路的一端连接。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理系统,电池热管理回路包括以串联方式依次连接的电池冷却液主路和电池流路,热电换热装置和电池冷却器均设置于电池冷却液主路上,电池设置于电池流路上;并且,电池热管理回路还包括电池旁路和电池流路切换部件;电池旁路与电池冷却液主路以并联的方式连接,电池流路切换部件连接于电池冷却液主路的另一端、电池旁路的一端、以及电池流路的一端之间;并且,散热旁路、电池旁路均为短接旁路;电池冷却液主路上还设有电池回路水泵,电池回路水泵设置在热电换热装置与电池流路切换部件之间。
采用上述方案,通过设置电池旁路旁通电池流路,并利用电池流路切换部件调节电池旁路或电池流路的接入状态,在电池无需制冷或制冷剂温度较低时,冷却液仅流经电池旁路而不流过电池流路,能避免冷却液温度过低影响电池的工作效率的问题。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理系统,电池流路切换部件为三通阀,三通阀具有第一接口、第二接口和第三接口,第一接口与电池冷却液主路的另一端连接,第二接口与电池旁路的一端连接,第三接口与电池流路的一端连接。
采用上述方案,通过设置三通阀,利用简单的部件就能使多条流路连通成多个不同的回路,结构简单。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理系统,空调制冷制热回路包括压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、制热流路、制冷剂主路、旁通阀流路、功能阀流路、调节阀流路和车内蒸发器流路;压缩机流路以串联方式与车内冷凝器流路连接,制热流路以串联方式与压缩机流路连接,制冷剂主路以并联方式与车内蒸发器流路、制热流路连接,制冷剂主路包括以串联方式连接的室外换热器流路和电池冷却器流路;并且,空调制冷制热回路还包括室外换热器、压缩机、气液分离器、车内冷凝器、车内蒸发器;室外换热器设置于室外换热器流路,且室外换热器流路的一端与调节阀流路的另一端连通,室外换热器流路的另一端与制热流路的一端、车内蒸发器流路的一端连通;气液分离器、压缩机以串联的方式设置于压缩机流路;车内冷凝器与压缩机流路的另一端、车内冷凝器流路的一端连接;车内蒸发器设置于车内蒸发器流路上,且车内蒸发器流路的另一端与制热流路的另一端、压缩机流路的一端连接;电池冷却器设置于制冷剂主路的电池冷却器流路中,且制冷剂主路的另一端与压缩机流路的一端连接;空调制冷制热回路还包括第一调节阀、第二调节阀、第三调节阀、以及旁通阀、制热阀、功能阀;第一调节阀、第二调节阀、第三调节阀均用于调节制冷剂的流量;旁通阀、制热阀、功能阀均用于调节制冷剂的流动方向;第一调节阀设置于调节阀流路,并位于室外换热器的一端一侧;第二调节阀设置于制冷剂主路的电池冷却器流路,且位于电池冷却器的一端一侧;第三调节阀设置于车内蒸发器流路,且位于车内蒸发器的一端一侧;旁通阀设置于旁通阀流路,旁通阀与第一调节阀并联设置,且旁通阀流路的一端连接至第一调节阀的一端,另一端连接至第一调节阀的另一端;制热阀设置于制热流路,制热流路的一端与室外换热器连接,制热流路的另一端与压缩机流路的一端连接;功能阀设置于功能阀流路,功能阀流路的一端与车内冷凝器流路的另一端连接,功能阀流路的另一端与制冷剂主路的电池冷却器流路的一端连接。
本申请的实施方式还公开了一种车辆热管理方法,适用于如上任意实施方式所描述的车辆热管理系统,车辆热管理方法包括以下步骤:
S1:获取车辆的启动信息,并根据车辆的启动信息判断车辆是否启动;
若是,则执行步骤S2;
若否,则继续判断车辆是否启动;
S2:从车辆的电源管理模块获取车辆的状态信息,并根据车辆的状态信息判断车辆当前是否为行车状态;
若车辆当前为行车状态,则执行步骤S3;
若车辆当前不为行车状态,则继续判断车辆当前是否为行车状态;
S3:获取车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息,并根据电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为乘客舱制热;
若是,则执行步骤S4;
若否,则继续判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为乘客舱制热;
S4:判断环境温度是否小于预设的第一温度阈值;
若是,则判断电池的电芯温度是否大于或等于预设的第二温度阈值、以及电驱组件的水温是否小于预设的第三温度阈值;
若电池的电芯温度大于或等于预设的第二温度阈值,且电驱组件的水温小于预设的第三温度阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第一模式;其中,第一模式下,热电换热装置不通电,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池流路连通,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热旁路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与电池冷却器流路连通形成回路;
若电池的电芯温度小于预设的第二温度阈值,或者,电驱组件的水温大于或等于预设的第三温度阈值,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
若电驱组件的水温大于或等于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第二模式;其中,第二模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池旁路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热旁路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与电池冷却器流路连通形成回路;
若电驱组件的水温小于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第三模式;其中,第三模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池旁路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与电池冷却器流路连通形成回路。
采用上述方案,当环境温度较低时,由于设置有热电换热装置,吸收电驱组件、环境中的热量,还能对电池热管理回路的冷却液加热,并将热量传递至空调制冷制热回路,即使是在环境温度较低的时候,压缩机也能够吸收电驱组件、电池、环境中的热量,从而不会过温失效或者因结霜而停止工作。并且,电驱热管理回路中设置有散热旁路,在环境温度较低、或者无需从环境中吸热时可以不接入散热器,从而能够避免电驱组件产生的热量传导至环境中造成浪费,或者电驱热管理回路中冷却液的温度较低使得电驱组件工作效率降低的问题。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理方法,电驱冷却液主路包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路和电驱流路,且电驱热管理回路还包括热电换热旁路时,第一模式下,电驱流路切换部件将电驱流路、热电换热旁路与散热旁路连通形成回路;并且,当电驱流路切换部件为四通阀,且四通阀的第一接口与散热主路的一端连接,第二接口与热电换热流路的另一端连接,第三接口与热电换热旁路的另一端连接,第四接口与散热旁路的一端连接时,四通阀的第三接口和第四接口连通。
采用上述方案,在电驱热管理回路中设置热电换热旁路,在热电换热装置不通电的时候,冷却液可以流经热电换热旁路,且不流经热电换热装置。由此,可以方便地对热电换热装置进行维修更换。即使是热电换热装置出现故障,也可以暂时用热电换热旁路保证回路的流通,维持基本的制冷或制热需求,提高了系统的稳定性。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理方法,在步骤S4中,
若环境温度大于或等于预设的第一温度阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第四模式,并判断电池冷却器的出水温度是否小于空调制冷制热回路的室外换热器另一端处制冷剂的温度与预设的第一温差阈值之和;
若是,则调节车辆热管理系统的第一调节阀、第二调节阀的开度至比例极限,并判断车辆的电驱组件的出水温度是否大于或等于环境温度;
若车辆的电驱组件的出水温度大于或等于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第五模式;
若车辆的电驱组件的温度小于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第六模式;其中,第四模式下,热电换热装置不通电,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池旁路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热旁路连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、室外换热器流路与制热流路连通形成第二回路;第五模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池旁路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热旁路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩 机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、室外换热器流路与制热流路连通形成第二回路;第六模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池旁路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、室外换热器流路与制热流路连通形成第二回路。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理方法,在步骤S2中,若车辆当前为行车状态,热管理方法还包括:
获取车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息,并根据电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为电池加热;
若是,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于预设的第四温度阈值;
若否,则继续判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为电池加热;
若电驱组件的水温大于或等于预设的第四温度阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第七模式;其中,第七模式下,热电换热装置不通电,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热旁路连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路不工作;
若电驱组件的水温小于预设的第四温度阈值,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
若电驱组件的水温大于或等于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第八模式;其中,第八模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热旁路连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路不工作;
若电驱组件的温度小于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第九模式;其中,第九模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热主路连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路不工作。
采用上述方案,根据电驱组件的温度和环境温度判断是否需要散热器吸收环境的温度,并在散热器无法吸收环境温度的时候使冷却液流经散热旁路,从而能够避免电驱组件产生的热量传导至环境中造成浪费,或者电驱热管理回路中冷却液的温度较低使得电驱组件工作效率降低的问题。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理方法,在步骤S2中,若车辆当前为行车状态,热管理方法还包括:
获取车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息,并根据电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
若车辆的热管理需求为电池加热且乘客舱制热,则判断乘客舱的制热目标是否满足;
若车辆的热管理需求不为电池加热且乘客舱制热,则继续判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
若乘客舱的制热目标满足,则判断车辆热管理系统的压缩机的转速是否小于预设的转速阈值;
若乘客舱的制热目标不满足,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
若压缩机的转速小于预设的转速阈值,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
若压缩机的转速大于或等于预设的转速阈值,则继续判断乘客舱的制热目标是否满足;
若压缩机的转速小于预设的转速阈值,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
若电驱组件的水温大于或等于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第十模式;其中,第十模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热旁路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、室外换热器流路与制热流路连通形成第二回路;
若电驱组件的水温小于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第十一模式;其中,第十一模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、室外换热器流路与制热流路连通形成第二回路。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理方法,在步骤S1中,若车辆启动,热管理方法还包括:
从车辆的电源管理模块获取车辆的状态信息,并根据车辆的状态信息判断车辆当前是否为充电状态;
若车辆当前为充电状态,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为乘客舱制热;
若车辆的热管理需求仅为乘客舱制热,则判断环境温度是否小于预设的第五温度阈值;
若环境温度小于预设的第五温度阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第三模式;
若环境温度大于或等于预设的第五温度阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第六模式;
若车辆的热管理需求不仅为乘客舱制热,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为电池加热;
若仅为电池加热,则车辆热管理系统进入第十二模式;其中,第十二模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路不工作;
若不仅为电池加热,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
若车辆的热管理需求为电池加热且乘客舱制热,则车辆热管理系统进入第十三模式;其中,第十三模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与电池冷却器流路连通形成回路。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理方法,在步骤S1中,若车辆启动,热管理方法还包括:
获取车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息,并根据电池的状态信息判断电池是否有冷却需求;
若电池有冷却需求,则判断环境温度是否大于预设的第六温度阈值;
若环境温度大于预设的第六温度阈值,则判断乘客舱是否同时有制冷需求;
若乘客舱同时有制冷需求,则判断乘客舱的目标温度与乘客舱实际温度的差值的绝对值是否大于预设的第二温差阈值;
若乘客舱没有制冷需求,则继续判断乘客舱是否同时有制冷需求;
若乘客舱的目标温度与乘客舱实际温度的差值的绝对值大于预设的第二温差阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第十四模式;其中,第十四模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、调节阀流路与室内蒸发器流路连通形成回路,且制冷剂不流经车内冷凝器;
若乘客舱的目标温度与乘客舱实际温度的差值的绝对值小于或等于预设的第二温差阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第十五模式;其中,第十五模式下,热电换热装置不通电,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作或关闭,电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、旁通阀流路、功能阀流路、室外换热器流路、电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、旁通阀流路、功能阀流路、室外换热器与车内蒸发器流路连通形成第二回路;
若环境温度小于或等于预设的第六温度阈值,则判断电池的目标水温是否小于预设的第七温度阈值;
若电池的水温小于预设的第七温度阈值,车辆热管理系统进入第十六模式;其中,第十六模式下,热电换热装置不通电,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,电池热管理回路的电池冷却器不工作,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的工作状态待定;
若电池的水温大于或等于预设的第七温度阈值,车辆热管理系统进入第十七模式;其中,第十七模式下,热电换热装置通电,且热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,电池热管理回路的电池冷却器不工作,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,电驱流路切换部件将电驱冷却液主路与散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的工作状态待定。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理方法,电驱冷却液主路包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路和电驱流路,且电驱热管理回路还包括热电换热旁路时,第十五模式下,电驱流路切换部件将电驱流路、热电换热旁路与散热主路连通形成回路;并且,当电驱流路切换部件为四通阀,且四通阀的第一接口与散热主路的一端连接,第二接口与热电换热流路的另一端连接,第三接口与热电换热旁路的另一端连接,第四接口与散热旁路的一端连接时,四通阀的第一接口和第三接口连通。
采用上述方案,在电驱热管理回路中设置热电换热旁路,在热电换热装置不通电的时候,冷却液可以流经热电换热旁路,且不流经热电换热装置。由此,可以方便地对热电换热装置进行维修更换。即使是热电换热装置出现故障,也可以暂时用热电换热旁路保证回路的流通,维持基本的制冷或制热需求,提高了系统的稳定性。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理方法,在电池流路切换部件为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路还包括第一调节阀、第二调节阀、第三调节阀、以及旁通阀、制热阀、功能阀时,
在第一模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第三接口和第四接口连通,第一调节阀关闭,第二调节阀半开节流,第三调节阀关闭,旁通阀关闭,制热阀关闭,功能阀打开。
在第二模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通;第一调节阀关闭,第二调节阀半开节流,第三调节阀关闭,旁通阀关闭,制热阀关闭,功能阀打开。
在第三模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通;第一调节阀关闭,第二调节阀半开节流,第三调节阀关闭,旁通阀关闭,制热阀关闭,功能阀打开。
在第四模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通,第一调节阀半开节流,第二调节阀半开节流,第三调节阀关闭,旁通阀关闭,制热阀打开,功能阀打开。在第五模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通,第一调节阀半开节流,第二调节阀半开节流,第三调节阀关闭,旁通阀关闭,制热阀打开,功能阀打开。
在第六模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,第一调节阀半开节流,第二调节阀半开节流,第三调节阀关闭,旁通阀关闭,制热阀打开,功能阀打开。
在第七模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通,第一调节阀为常态,第二调节阀为常态,第三调节阀为常态,旁通阀为常态,制热阀为常态,功能阀为常态。
在第八模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通,第一调节阀为常态,第二调节阀为常态,第三调节阀为常态,旁通阀为常态,制热阀为常态,功能阀为常态。
在第九模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,第一调节阀为常态,第二调节阀为常态,第三调节阀为常态,旁通阀为常态,制热阀为常态,功能阀为常态。
在第十模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通,第一调节阀半开节流,第二调节阀半开节流,第三调节阀关闭,旁通阀关闭,制热阀打开,功能阀打开。
在第十一模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,第一调节阀半开节流,第二调节阀半开节流,第三调节阀关闭,旁通阀关闭,制热阀打开,功能阀打开。
在第十二模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,第一调节阀为常态,第二调节阀为常态,第三调节阀为常态,旁通阀为常态,制热阀为常态,功能阀为常态。
在第十三模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,第一调节阀关闭,第二调节阀半开节流,第三调节阀关闭,旁通阀关闭,制热阀关闭,功能阀打开。
在第十四模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,第一调节阀打开,第二调节阀关闭或半开节流,第三调节阀打开,旁通阀打开,制热阀关闭,功能阀关闭。
在第十五模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,第一调节阀打开,第二调节阀关闭或半开节流,第三调节阀打开或关闭,旁通阀打开,制热阀关闭,功能阀关闭。
在第十六模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,第一调节阀待定,第二调节阀待定,第三调节阀待定,旁通阀待定,制热阀待定,功能阀待定。
在第十七模式下,电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,第一调节阀待定,第二调节阀待定,第三调节阀待定,旁通阀待定,制热阀待定,功能阀待定。
根据本申请的另一具体实施方式,本申请实施方式公开的车辆热管理方法,预设的第一温度阈值的范围为-13℃至-17℃。
预设的第二温度阈值的范围为15℃至25℃。
预设的第三温度阈值的范围为0℃至10℃。
预设的第四温度阈值的范围为15℃至25℃。
预设的第五温度阈值的范围为-13℃至-17℃。
预设的第六温度阈值的范围为18℃至22℃。
预设的第七温度阈值的范围为12℃至20℃。
预设的第一温差阈值的范围为0℃至5℃。
预设的第二温差阈值的范围为0℃至5℃。
本申请的有益效果是:
本方案通过在电池热管理回路与电驱热管理回路之间设置热电换热装置,热电换热装置作为一级热泵能够吸收电驱组件、电池、环境中的热量,并且,在空调制冷制热回路和电池热管理回路之间设置电池冷却器,空调制冷制热回路可以通过电池冷却器吸收热电换热装置的热量,空调制冷制热回路的压缩机就能作为二级热泵加热乘客舱。由此,即使是在环境温度较低的时候,压缩机也能够吸收电驱组件、电池、环境中的热量,从而不会过温失效或者因结霜而停止工作。并且,通过在电驱热管理回路中设置散热旁路,在环境温度较低、或者无需从环境中吸热时可以不接入散热器,从而能够避免电驱组件产生的热量传导至环境中造成浪费,或者电驱热管理回路中冷却液的温度较低使得电驱组件工作效率降低的问题。此外,通过电驱组件的热量对电池、乘客舱进行加热,能够有效利用电驱组件的热量,提高了热量的利用率。并且,热电换热装置从电驱热管理回路吸收的热量,以及电池冷却器从空调制冷制热回路吸收的热量都可以用来加热电池,提高了电池的加热效率,从而也无需在空调制冷制热回路、电池热管理回路设置用于加热的热敏元件,降低了系统成本。
进一步地,设置电池旁路旁通电池流路,并利用电池流路切换部件调节电池旁路或电池流路的接入状态,在电池无需制冷或制冷剂温度较低时,冷却液仅流经电池旁路而不流过电池流路,能避免冷却液温度过低影响电池的工作效率的问题。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的车辆热管理系统的结构示意图;
图2a是本申请实施例提供的车辆热管理系统的热电换热装置的整体结构示意图;
图2b是本申请实施例提供的车辆热管理系统的热电换热装置的爆炸图;
图3是本申请实施例提供的车辆热管理系统中电驱流路切换部件为三通阀时电池热管理回路和电驱热管理回路的结构示意图;
图4是本申请实施例提供的车辆热管理系统中电驱流路切换部件包括以串联的方式连接的第一三通阀和第二三通阀时电池热管理回路和电驱热管理回路的结构示意图;
图5是本申请实施例提供的车辆热管理方法对应于第一模式至第十三模式的流程示意图;
图6是本申请实施例提供的车辆热管理方法对应于第十四模式至第十七模式的流程示意图;
图7是本申请实施例提供的车辆热管理方法进入第一模式时车辆热管理系统的状态示意图;
图8是本申请实施例提供的车辆热管理方法进入第二模式时车辆热管理系统的状态示意图;
图9是本申请实施例提供的车辆热管理方法进入第三模式时车辆热管理系统的状态示意图。
附图标记说明:
1、空调制冷制热回路;11、室外换热器;111、第一调节阀;1111、调节阀流路;12、压缩机;121、压缩机流路;13、气液分离器;14、车内冷凝器;141、车内冷凝器流路;15、车内蒸发器;151、第三调节阀;152、车内蒸发器流路;16、第二调节阀;17、旁通阀;171、旁通阀流路;18、制热阀; 181、制热流路;19、功能阀;191、功能阀流路;2、电池热管理回路;21、电池;22、电池旁路;23、电池流路切换部件;24、电池回路水泵;3、电驱热管理回路;31、电驱组件;311、电机;312、充电器;32、散热器;33、散热旁路;34、电驱流路切换部件;35、电驱回路水泵;36、换热三通阀;37、热电换热旁路;38、电驱旁路;4、电池冷却器;41、制冷剂主路;411、室外换热器流路;412、电池冷却器流路;5、热电换热装置;50、热电换热单体;51、电池液冷模组;52、第一导热层;53、半导体层;531、半导体;54、第二导热层;55、电驱液冷模组;56、支撑框;57、接插件;58、安装孔;6、电驱冷却液主路;61、热电换热流路;62、电驱流路;7、散热主路;8、电池冷却液主路;9、电池流路。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本申请的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭示的内容轻易地了解本申请的其他优点及功效。虽然本申请的描述将结合较佳实施例一起介绍,但这并不代表此发明的特征仅限于该实施方式。恰恰相反,结合实施方式作发明介绍的目的是为了覆盖基于本申请的权利要求而有可能延伸出的其它选择或改造。为了提供对本申请的深度了解,以下描述中将包含许多具体的细节。本申请也可以不使用这些细节实施。此外,为了避免混乱或模糊本申请的重点,有些具体细节将在描述中被省略。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
应注意的是,在本说明书中,相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本实施例的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“底”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本实施例的描述中,还需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“设置”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本实施例中的具体含义。
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本申请的实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
为解决现有技术中热管理系统因制冷剂温度过低时,压缩机容易过温失效;且热泵系统会因结霜而停止工作,进而导致热管理系统工作效率较低的问题,本申请的实施方式提供了一种车辆热管理系统,具体地,参考图1-图4。本具体实施方式提供的车辆热管理系统包括空调制冷制热回路1、电池热管理回路2和电驱热管理回路3,空调制冷制热回路1和电池热管理回路2之间设有电池冷却器4,电池热管理回路2上设有电池21,电驱热管理回路3包括以串联方式依次连接的电驱冷却液主路6和散热主路7,电驱冷却液主路6上设有电驱组件31,散热主路7上设有散热器32。
并且,车辆热管理系统还包括热电换热装置5,热电换热装置5设置于电池热管理回路2与电驱热管理回路3的电驱冷却液主路6之间,以通过热电换热装置5调节电池热管理回路2与电驱热管理回路3之间冷却液的热传递状态。
电驱热管理回路3还包括散热旁路33和电驱流路切换部件34,散热旁路33与散热主路7以并联的方式连接,电驱流路切换部件34连接于散热主路7的一端、散热旁路33的一端以及电驱冷却液主路6的一端之间。其中,电驱冷却液主路6通过电驱流路切换部件34选择性地与散热主路7或散热旁路33连通后形成回路。
在本申请中,通过在电池热管理回路2与电驱热管理回路3之间设置热电换热装置5,热电换热装置5作为一级热泵能够吸收电驱组件31、电池21、环境中的热量,并且,在空调制冷制热回路1和电池热管理回路2之间设置电池冷却器4,空调制冷制热回路1可以通过电池冷却器4吸收热电换热装置5的热量,空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机12就能作为二级热泵加热乘客舱。由此,即使是在环境温度较低的时候,压缩机12也能够吸收电驱组件31、电池21、环境中的热量,从而不会过温失效或者因结霜而停止工作。并且,通过在电驱热管理回路3中设置散热旁路33,在环境温度较低、或者无需从环境中吸热时可以不接入散热器32,从而能够避免电驱组件31产生的热量传导至环境中造成浪费,或者电驱热管理回路3中冷却液的温度较低使得电驱组件31工作效率降低的问题。
接下来,参考图1-图4对本具体实施方式提供的车辆热管理系统进行详细说明。
首先,参考图1,对空调制冷制热回路1进行说明。
空调制冷制热回路1包括压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、制热流路181、制冷剂主路41、旁通阀流路171、功能阀流路191、调节阀流路1111和车内蒸发器流路152。压缩机流路121以串联方式与车内冷凝器流路141连接,制热流路181以串联方式与压缩机流路121连接,制冷剂主路41以并联方式与车内蒸发器流路152、制热流路181连接,制冷剂主路41包括以串联方式连接的室外换热器流路411和电池冷却器流路412。
空调制冷制热回路1还包括室外换热器11、压缩机12、气液分离器13、车内冷凝器14、车内蒸发器15。
具体地,室外换热器11具有两种模式,在制热模式时,室外换热器11可以等效为蒸发器,制冷剂在室外换热器11内部蒸发并从环境中吸热,使制冷剂从低温低压液体变成低温低压气体;在制冷模式时,室外换热器11可以等效为冷凝器,制冷剂在室外换热器11内部冷凝放热,使制冷剂从高温高压气体变成中温高压液体。室外换热器11设置于室外换热器流路411,且室外换热器流路411的一端与调节阀流路1111的另一端连通,室外换热器流路411的另一端与制热流路181的一端、车内蒸发器流路152的一端连通。
气液分离器13、压缩机12以串联的方式设置于压缩机流路121。压缩机12设置在气液分离器13和车内冷凝器14之间。气液分离器13用于将气体和液体进行分离,使得气体进入压缩机12,液体留在气液分离器13内部腔体。压缩机12是制冷剂循环驱动的动力,其能够将低温低压的制冷剂气体变成高温高压的制冷剂气体。
车内冷凝器14与压缩机流路121的另一端、车内冷凝器流路141的一端连接。车内冷凝器14能将从压缩机12输出的高温高压的制冷剂气体冷凝变成中温高压的制冷剂液体,并在冷凝的过程中释放热量加热乘客舱的空气。
车内蒸发器15设置于车内蒸发器流路152上,且车内蒸发器流路152的另一端与制热流路181的另一端、压缩机流路121的一端连接。车内蒸发器15能够使得制冷剂从低温低压的液体变成低温低压的气体,并在制冷剂蒸发的过程中吸收热量使得乘客舱的空气温度降低。
电池冷却器4设置于制冷剂主路41的电池冷却器流路412中,且制冷剂主路41的另一端与压缩机流路121的一端连接。电池冷却器4可以等效为蒸发器,且电池冷却器4的换热介质包括空调制冷制热回路1的制冷剂、以及电池热管理回路2的冷却液。制冷剂在电池冷却器4内蒸发吸收冷却液热量,使得冷却液降温,降温后的冷却液再对电池进行散热。
空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19。其中,第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀均151用于调节制冷剂的流量。旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19均用于调节制冷剂的流动方向。
具体地,第一调节阀111设置于调节阀流路1111,并位于室外换热器11的一端一侧。第二调节阀16设置于制冷剂主路41的电池冷却器流路412,且位于电池冷却器4的一端一侧。第三调节阀151设置于车内蒸发器流路152,且位于车内蒸发器15的一端一侧。旁通阀17设置于旁通阀流路171,旁通阀17与第一调节阀111并联设置,且旁通阀流路171的一端连接至第一调节阀111的一端,另 一端连接至第一调节阀111的另一端。制热阀18设置于制热流路181,制热流路181的一端与室外换热器11连接,制热流路181的另一端与压缩机流路121的一端连接。功能阀19设置于功能阀流路191,功能阀流路191的一端与车内冷凝器流路141的另一端连接,功能阀流路191的另一端与制冷剂主路41的电池冷却器流路412的一端连接。
进一步地,第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151均为电子膨胀阀,电子膨胀阀开度可主动控制,因此能够起到流量调节作用。第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151都能够使制冷剂从中温高压的制冷剂液体变成低温低压的制冷剂液体。
旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19均为电磁开关阀,能够通过电磁开关阀的打开、关闭调节制冷剂的流动方向。
下面结合图1对空调制冷制热回路1的原理进行说明。本具体实施方式中的空调制冷制热回路1主要用于对乘客舱进行热管理,其具有对乘客舱进行制热、以及对乘客舱进行制冷的双重功能。
在乘客舱有制热需求时,压缩机12输出的高温高压制冷剂气体先经由压缩机流路121传输至车内冷凝器14。由于此时的乘客舱是制热需求,因此空气经过车内冷凝器14,与车内冷凝器14换热,并释放热量加热乘客舱。当制冷剂变成中温高压的液体后,依次经由车内冷凝器流路141、调节阀流路1111至室外换热器11,室外换热器11蒸发吸收环境热量使得制冷剂变成低温低压气体,低温低压的气体制冷剂从室外换热器11输出后,经过制热流路181回到压缩机流路121。低温低压的气体制冷剂从室外换热器11输出后,还可以经过第二调节阀16、电池冷却器流路412至电池冷却器4,吸收冷却液的热量变成低温低压气体回到压缩机流路121。在乘客舱有制冷需求时,压缩机12输出的高温高压制冷剂气体先经由压缩机流路121传输至车内冷凝器14。由于此时的乘客舱是制冷需求,因此空气不经过车内冷凝器14,不与车内冷凝器14换热,而是依次经由车内冷凝器流路141、调节阀流路1111至室外换热器11,在室外换热器11中冷凝变成中温高压的液体。液体制冷剂从室外换热器11中流出后,可以经车内蒸发器流路152中靠近车内蒸发器15的一端的一侧的第三调节阀151节流,变成低温低压的制冷剂液体,通过车内蒸发器15吸收空调箱内空气热量使空气降温冷却乘客舱。
并且,在电池21同时有制冷需求时,液体制冷剂从室外换热器11中流出后,也可以流经室外换热器流路411、经靠近电池冷却器4的一端的一侧的第二调节阀16节流,变成低温低压的制冷剂液体,通过电池冷却器4吸收冷却液热量使冷却液降温以冷却电池21。
需要说明的是,在空调制冷制热回路1中,冷却液的流向是固定的,即在某段流路中,冷却液只能从该段流路的一端流至另一端。因此,本具体实施方式中描述的压缩机流路121的一端也即压缩机流路121的进口、压缩机流路121的另一端也即压缩机流路121的出口。车内冷凝器流路141的一端也即车内冷凝器流路141的进口、车内冷凝器流路141的另一端也即车内冷凝器流路141的出口。车内蒸发器流路152的一端也即车内蒸发器流路152的进口,车内蒸发器流路152的另一端也即车内蒸发器流路152的出口。制热流路181的一端即制热流路181的进口,制热流路181的另一端也即制热流路181的出口。其他流路也如此,一端为制冷剂的进口,另一端为制冷剂的出口。在此不再一一列举。
而本具体实施方式中,通过在空调制冷制热回路1中设置室外换热器11,在乘客舱有制热需求时发挥蒸发器的作用,在乘客舱有制冷需求时发挥冷凝器的作用,通过对制冷剂的温度和状态进行变化从而控制乘客舱的温度。由此,仅设置一个部件就能实现制冷制热的双重功能,集成度更高,成本更低。
接下来,参考图1,对电池热管理回路2进行说明。
空调制冷制热回路1和电池热管理回路2之间设有电池冷却器4。电池冷却器4与现有技术中的电池冷却器4的结构没有本质区别,且其原理在空调制冷制热回路1中已有详细描述,本具体实施方式不再赘述。
电池热管理回路2上设有电池21。电池21的结构也属于现有技术,本具体实施方式不再赘述。电池热管理回路2包括以串联方式依次连接的电池冷却液主路8和电池流路9,热电换热装置5和电 池冷却器4均设置于电池冷却液主路8上,电池21设置于电池流路9上。电池热管理回路2还包括电池旁路22和电池流路切换部件23。电池旁路22与电池冷却液主路8以并联的方式连接,电池流路切换部件23连接于电池冷却液主路8的另一端、电池旁路22的一端、以及电池流路9的一端之间。
需要说明的是,电池旁路22为短接旁路。
还需要说明的是,电池冷却液主路8上还设有电池回路水泵24,电池回路水泵24设置在热电换热装置5与电池流路切换部件23之间。电池回路水泵24主要起调节电池热管理回路2中冷却液的流动方向的作用。因此,电池冷却液主路8、电池旁路22、电池流路9的一端、另一端并不单纯代表电池冷却液主路8、电池旁路22、电池流路9的出口和进口。当电池回路水泵24的调节方向为第一方向时,电池冷却液主路8、电池旁路22、电池流路9的一端为电池冷却液主路8、电池旁路22、电池流路9的进口,电池冷却液主路8、电池旁路22、电池流路9的另一端为电池冷却液主路8、电池旁路22、电池流路9的出口。而当电池回路水泵24的调节方向为与第一方向相反的第二方向时,则相反。
具体地,电池流路切换部件23为三通阀,三通阀具有第一接口a、第二接口b和第三接口c,第一接口a与电池冷却液主路8的另一端连接,第二接口b与电池旁路22的一端连接,第三接口c与电池流路9的一端连接。
下面结合图1对电池热管理回路2的原理进行说明。本具体实施方式中的电池热管理回路2主要用于对电池21进行热管理,其具有对电池21进行降温、以及将电驱热管理回路3的热量传递至空调制冷制热回路1的作用。
夏季时,电池冷却器4内的制冷剂吸收电池冷却器4内冷却液热量,使电池热管理回路2内的冷却液降温,降温后的冷却液再冷却电池21,以使电池冷却液水温控制在15℃~25℃的范围。
某些情况下,热电换热装置5也工作,且热电换热装置5与电池热管理回路2接触的一侧为制冷侧,能够进一步降低电池热管理回路2内的冷却液的温度,以使电池降温。
冬季时,冷却液流经电池旁路22且不流经电池21,以防止冷却液温度过低影响电池21的工作效率。
某些情况下,热电换热装置5也工作,且热电换热装置5与电池热管理回路2接触的一侧为制热侧,能够加热电池热管理回路2中的冷却液。在需要时,热电换热装置5可以将环境温度或者电驱组件31的废热用于给电池21升温,或经由电池热管理回路2传递至空调制冷制热回路1。
需要说明的是,本具体实施方式中,通过设置电池旁路22旁通电池流路9,并利用电池流路切换部件23调节电池旁路22或电池流路9的接入状态,在电池21无需制冷或制冷剂温度较低时,冷却液仅流经电池旁路22而不流过电池流路9,能避免冷却液温度过低影响电池21的工作效率的问题。
接下来,参考图1,对电驱热管理回路3进行说明。
电驱热管理回路3包括以串联方式依次连接的电驱冷却液主路6和散热主路7,电驱冷却液主路6上设有电驱组件31,散热主路7上设有散热器32。本具体实施方式中,电驱组件31包括电机311、充电器312。电驱组件31也是热管理的对象。可以根据实际需求通过对电驱热管理回路3的冷却液进行加热或降温对电驱组件31进行热管理。散热器32主要用于实现冷却液与环境的换热。冷却液温度高于环境温度时,热量从冷却液向环境转移;冷却液低于环境温度时,热量从环境中向冷却液中转移。
电驱热管理回路3还包括散热旁路33和电驱流路切换部件34,散热旁路33与散热主路7以并联的方式连接,电驱流路切换部件34连接于散热主路7的一端、散热旁路33的一端以及电驱冷却液主路6的一端之间。电驱冷却液主路6通过电驱流路切换部件34选择性地与散热主路7或散热旁路33连通后形成回路。
需要说明的是,散热旁路33为短接旁路。而本具体实施方式中,通过设置散热旁路33,在环境温度较低、或者无需从环境中吸热时可以不接入散热器32,从而能够避免电驱组件31产生的热量传 导至环境中造成浪费,或者电驱热管理回路3中冷却液的温度较低使得电驱组件31工作效率降低的问题。
具体地,在本具体实施方式中,电驱冷却液主路6包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路61和电驱流路62,热电换热装置5设置于热电换热流路61上,电驱组件31设置于电驱流路62上,热电换热流路61的另一端为电驱冷却液主路6的一端,并与电驱流路切换部件34连接,电驱流路62的一端为电驱冷却液主路6的另一端,并与散热主路7的另一端、散热旁路33的另一端连接。电驱热管理回路还包括热电换热旁路37,热电换热旁路37的一端与热电换热流路61的一端连接,热电换热旁路37的另一端与电驱流路切换部件34连接,以使热电换热旁路37与热电换热流路61以并联的方式设置。电驱流路切换部件34选择性地将散热主路7或散热旁路33与热电换热流路61或热电换热旁路37连通后,与电驱流路62连通形成回路。
本具体实施方式通过设置热电换热旁路37,在热电换热装置5不通电的时候,冷却液可以流经热电换热旁路37,且不流经热电换热装置5。由此,可以方便地对热电换热装置5进行维修更换。即使是热电换热装置5出现故障,也可以暂时用热电换热旁路37保证回路的流通,维持基本的制冷或制热需求,提高了系统的稳定性。
更为具体地,在本具体实施方式中,电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀,四通阀具有第一接口a、第二接口b、第三接口c和第四接口d;第一接口a与散热主路7的一端连接,第二接口b与热电换热流路61的另一端连接,第三接口c与热电换热旁路37的另一端连接,第四接口d与散热旁路33的一端连接。电驱流路62上还设有电驱回路水泵35,电驱回路水泵35设置在热电换热装置5与电驱组件31之间。
更为具体地,四通阀为电磁阀,其通过控制第一接口a、第二接口b、第三接口c和第四接口d中任意两个接口的通断控制电驱热管理回路3中的不同流路形成回路。
也就是说,本具体实施方式中,可以通过四通阀的接口之间的转换,实现散热主路7或散热旁路33与热电换热流路61或热电换热旁路37连通后,与电驱流路62连通形成回路。具体来说,第一接口a和第二接口b连通时,散热主路7与热电换热流路61连通,第一接口a和第三接口c连通时,散热主路7与热电换热旁路37连通,第二接口b和第四接口d连通时,热电换热流路61与散热旁路33连通,第三接口c和第四接口d连通时,热电换热旁路37与散热旁路33连通。
进一步地,参考图3,在本申请的另一具体实施方式中,电驱冷却液主路6包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路61和电驱流路62,热电换热装置5设置于热电换热流路61上,电驱组件31设置于电驱流路62上,热电换热流路61的另一端为电驱冷却液主路6的一端,并与电驱流路切换部件34连接,电驱流路62的一端为电驱冷却液主路6的另一端,并与散热主路7的另一端、散热旁路33的另一端连接。
热电换热流路61上还设有电驱回路水泵35和换热三通阀36,电驱回路水泵35和换热三通阀36以串联的方式连接,且电驱回路水泵35设置在换热三通阀36与热电换热装置5之间。
电驱热管理回路还包括电驱旁路38,电驱旁路38的一端与换热三通阀36连接,电驱旁路38的另一端与散热旁路33连接,以使电驱旁路38与电驱流路62以并联的方式设置。
具体地,换热三通阀36具有第一接口x、第二接口y和第三接口z,换热三通阀36的第一接口x与电驱回路水泵35连接,换热三通阀36的第二接口y与电驱流路62的另一端连接,换热三通阀36的第三接口z与电驱旁路38的一端连接。具体地,当换热三通阀36的第一接口x和第二接口y连通时,热电换热流路61和电驱流路62连通,当换热三通阀的第一接口x和第三接口z连通时,热电换热流路61和电驱旁路38连通。
更为具体地,电驱流路切换部件34为三通阀,三通阀具有第一接口a、第二接口b和第三接口c;三通阀的第一接口a与散热主路7的一端连接,三通阀的第二接口b与热电换热流路61的另一端连接,三通阀的第三接口c与散热旁路33的一端连接。具体地,当三通阀的第一接口a和第二接口b连通时,散热主路7与热电换热流路61连通,当三通阀的第二接口b和第三接口c连通时,热电换 热流路61与散热旁路33连通。并且,当电驱流路切换部件34的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,且换热三通阀36的第一接口x和第三接口z连通时,冷却液流经散热主路7、热电换热流路61、电驱旁路,而不流经电驱流路62。
还需要说明的是,换热三通阀36和电驱流路切换部件34均为电磁阀。
本具体实施方式中,通过设置电驱旁路38,在电驱热管理回路3中冷却液温度过低时,冷却液可以流经电驱旁路38且不流经电驱流路62,避免了因冷却液温度较低而影响电驱组件31的工作效率的问题。
更进一步地,参考图4,在本申请的另一具体实施方式中,电驱冷却液主路6包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路61和电驱流路62,热电换热装置5设置于热电换热流路61上,电驱组件31设置于电驱流路62上,热电换热流路61的另一端为电驱冷却液主路6的一端,并与电驱流路切换部件34连接,电驱流路62的一端为电驱冷却液主路6的另一端,并与散热主路7的另一端、散热旁路33的另一端连接;热电换热流路61上还设有电驱回路水泵35和换热三通阀36,电驱回路水泵35和换热三通阀36以串联的方式连接,且电驱回路水泵35设置在换热三通阀36与热电换热装置5之间。
电驱热管理回路还包括热电换热旁路37和电驱旁路38,热电换热旁路37的一端与电驱回路水泵35连接,热电换热旁路37的另一端与电驱流路切换部件34连接,以使热电换热旁路37与热电换热装置5以并联的方式设置。电驱旁路38的一端与换热三通阀36连接,电驱旁路38的另一端与电驱流路切换部件34连接,以使电驱旁路38与电驱流路62以并联的方式设置。
具体地,换热三通阀36具有第一接口x、第二接口y和第三接口z,换热三通阀36的第一接口x与电驱回路水泵35连接,换热三通阀36的第二接口y与电驱流路62的另一端连接,换热三通阀36的第三接口z与电驱旁路38的一端连接。具体地,当换热三通阀36的第一接口x和第二接口y连通时,热电换热流路61和电驱流路62连通,当换热三通阀的第一接口x和第三接口z连通时,热电换热流路61和电驱旁路38连通。
更具体地,电驱流路切换部件34包括以串联的方式连接的第一三通阀和第二三通阀,第一三通阀和第二三通阀均具有第一接口、第二接口和第三接口;第一三通阀的第一接口a与散热主路7的一端连接,第一三通阀的第二接口b与热电换热流路61的另一端连接,第一三通阀的第三接口c与第二三通阀的第一接口d连接;第二三通阀的第二接口e与热电换热旁路37的另一端、电驱旁路38的另一端连接,第二三通阀的第三接口f与散热旁路33的一端连接。具体地,当第一三通阀的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,且第二三通阀的第二接口e和第三接口f连通时,散热主路7、散热旁路连通,当第一三通阀的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,且第二三通阀的第一接口d和第二接口e连通时,散热主路7、热电换热旁路37、电驱流路62连通。并且,当第一三通阀的第一接口a和第二接口b连通、第二三通阀的第二接口e和第三接口f连通、且换热三通阀36的第一接口x和第三接口z连通时,冷却液流经散热旁路33、散热主路7、热电换热流路61和电驱旁路38,而不流经电驱流路62。
需要说明的是,第一三通阀和第二三通阀均为电磁阀。
本具体实施方式中,通过设置电驱旁路38,在电驱热管理回路3中冷却液温度过低时,冷却液可以流经电驱旁路38且不流经电驱流路62,避免了因冷却液温度较低而影响电驱组件31的工作效率的问题。
下面结合图1、图3、图4对电驱热管理回路3的原理进行说明。本具体实施方式中的电驱热管理回路3主要用于对电驱组件31进行热管理,并进行环境和电池热管理回路2的热传递。
冬季时,当电驱热管理回路3的冷却液的温度低于环境温度时,可以使冷却液经过散热器32吸收环境的热量,然后将从环境中的热量经由热电换热装置5传输至电池热管理回路2。并且,电驱组件31产生的热量也可以经由热电换热装置5传输至电池热管理回路2。
当电驱热管理回路3的冷却液的温度大于或等于环境温度时,散热器32无法从环境中吸收热量,此时可以旁通散热器32,使电驱组件31的温度传输至电池热管理回路2。
夏季时,电池热管理回路2的热量可以经由电驱热管理回路3的散热器32散发至环境中。
需要说明的是,电驱回路水泵35主要起调节电驱热管理回路3中冷却液的流动方向的作用。因此,电驱冷却液主路6、散热主路7、散热旁路33的一端、另一端并不单纯代表电驱冷却液主路6、散热主路7、散热旁路33的出口和进口。当电驱回路水泵35的调节方向为第一方向时,电驱冷却液主路6、散热主路7、散热旁路33一端为电驱冷却液主路6、散热主路、散热旁路33的进口,电驱冷却液主路6、散热主路7、散热旁路33的另一端为电驱冷却液主路6、散热主路7、散热旁路33的出口。而当电驱回路水泵35的调节方向为与第一方向相反的第二方向时,则相反。
接下来,参考图1、图2a和图2b,对热电换热装置5进行说明。
参考图1,热电换热装置5设置于电池热管理回路2与电驱热管理回路3的电驱冷却液主路6之间,以通过热电换热装置5调节电池热管理回路2与电驱热管理回路3之间冷却液的热传递状态。也就是说,热电换热装置5使电池热管理回路2和电驱热管理回路3进行换热。并且,热电换热装置5的制冷、制热可换向,可使热量从电池热管理回路2向电驱热管理回路3转移;也可使热量从电驱热管理回路3向电池热管理回路2转移。热电换热装置5的制冷、制热换向,通过供电正负极变换即可实现。
具体地,参考图2b,热电换热装置5包括热电换热单体50,热电换热单体50包括沿热电换热装置5的厚度方向依次叠设的电池液冷模组51、热电模组和电驱液冷模组55,热电模组的一侧与电池液冷模组51接触,热电模组的另一侧与电驱液冷模组接触55,电池液冷模组51设置于电池热管理回路2上,并与电池21以串联的方式设置,电驱液冷模组55设置于电驱冷却液主路6上,并与电驱组件31以串联的方式设置。
需要说明的是,参考图2a、图2b,热电换热单体50的侧面还设置有接插件57,以便于将多个热电换热单体50连接形成更大体积的热电换热装置5。参考图2a,电池液冷模组51、电驱液冷模组55的边缘处还设置有安装孔58,以供半导体层、导热层、电池液冷模组51、电驱液冷模组55之间完成安装连接。
更为具体地,热电模组包括沿热电换热单体50的厚度方向依次叠设的第一导热层52、半导体层53和第二导热层54。第一导热层52的一侧与电池液冷模组51接触,第一导热层52的另一侧与半导体层53的一侧接触,半导体层53的另一侧与第二导热层54的一侧接触,第二导热层54的另一侧与电驱液冷模组55接触,且半导体层53包括呈矩阵排列的多个半导体531。呈矩阵排列的多个半导体531经由支撑框56支撑,以形成为半导体层53。
具体地,半导体层53用于在通电后产生热量,以加热电池液冷模组51、电驱液冷模组55。电池液冷模组51和电驱液冷模组55均为水冷板。第一导热层52、第二导热层54均为了更好地传导热量设置。
在本具体实施方式中,热电换热装置5具有两个热电换热单体50,且两个热电换热单体50在热电换热装置5的厚度方向依次叠设。其中一个热电换热单体50的电池液冷模组51靠近另一个热电换热单体50的电池液冷模组51设置,且其中一个热电换热单体50的电池液冷模组51与另一个热电换热单体50的电池液冷模组51之间还设置有第三导热层。
需要说明的是,在每一个电池液冷模组51的侧面还设置有电池回路进水口m和电池回路出水口n,每一个电驱液冷模组55的侧面还设置有电驱回路进水口o和电驱回路出水口p。
还需要说明的是,本具体实施方式中,通过改变电池液冷模组51和电驱液冷模组55的通电正负极来改变热电换热装置5的制冷侧和制热侧。当需要将热电换热装置5靠近电池热管理回路2的一侧设置为制热侧时,将电池液冷模组51接正极;当需要将热电换热装置5靠近电池热管理回路2的一侧设置为制冷侧时,将电池液冷模组51接负极。而电池液冷模组51的极性确定后,电驱液冷模组55的极性也就自然确定。
需要理解的是,在本申请的其他具体实施方式中,一个热电换热装置5还可以包括三个、四个甚至更多在热电换热装置5的厚度方向依次叠设的热电换热单体50。并且,半导体层53、导热层的数量也可以根据实际的产热、导热需要设置,本具体实施方式对此不作限制。
基于上述车辆热管理系统,本申请的实施方式还提供了一种车辆热管理方法。并且,本具体实施方式提供的车辆热管理方法,适用于如上实施方式所描述的车辆热管理系统。具体地,参考图5,车辆热管理方法包括以下步骤:
S1:获取车辆的启动信息,并根据车辆的启动信息判断车辆是否启动;
若是,则执行步骤S2;
若否,则继续判断车辆是否启动;
S2:从车辆的电源管理模块获取车辆的状态信息,并根据车辆的状态信息判断车辆当前是否为行车状态;
若车辆当前为行车状态,则执行步骤S3;
若车辆当前不为行车状态,则继续判断车辆当前是否为行车状态;
S3:获取车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息,并根据电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为乘客舱制热;
若是,则执行步骤S4;
若否,则继续判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为乘客舱制热;
S4:判断环境温度是否小于预设的第一温度阈值;
若是,则判断电池的电芯温度是否大于或等于预设的第二温度阈值、以及电驱组件的水温是否小于预设的第三温度阈值;
若电池的电芯温度大于或等于预设的第二温度阈值,且电驱组件的水温小于预设的第三温度阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第一模式。
若电池的电芯温度小于预设的第二温度阈值,或者,电驱组件的水温大于或等于预设的第三温度阈值,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
若电驱组件的水温大于或等于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第二模式。
若电驱组件的水温小于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第三模式。
需要说明的是,车辆的启动信息包括但不限于发动机转速、整车控制器上电信息、发动机温度。当发动机转速大于零、或者整车控制器上电、或者发动机温度持续上升,则说明车辆已经启动。
车辆的状态信息则可以直接从车辆的电源管理模块获取,车辆的状态一般分为两种,行车状态和充电状态,充电状态又可以细分为快充和慢充。
还需要说明的是,电池的状态信息包括但不限于电池温度,乘客舱的状态信息包括但不限于乘客舱的温度。例如,当电池的温度小于25℃左右的预设温度阈值时,则需要加热电池,当电池的温度大于45℃左右的预设温度阈值时,则需要对电池降温。当乘客舱的空调温度调节按钮指示制热时,则说明乘客舱需要升温,当乘客舱的温度调节按钮指示制冷时,则说明乘客舱需要降温。当然,还可以结合车内温度、车外温度、以及车内温度和车外温度的差值综合判断是否需要对乘客舱制热或制冷。
本具体实施方式中,步骤S4需要判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为乘客舱制热。也就是说,此时并不需要对电池进行制冷或制热,而仅仅是对乘客舱进行制热。
需要理解的是,电芯温度、电驱组件的水温等均可以通过温度传感器采集。
优选地,预设的第一温度阈值的范围为-13℃至-17℃。例如可以是-13℃、-15℃、-16.5℃、-17℃,或者该范围内的其他数值。
预设的第二温度阈值的范围为15℃至25℃。例如可以是15℃、20℃、23.5℃、25℃,或者该范围内的其他数值。
预设的第三温度阈值的范围为0℃至10℃。例如可以是0℃、5℃、7.5℃、10℃,或者该范围内的其他数值。
第一模式、第二模式、第三模式的车辆热管理系统各部件的工作状态可以参考下表1:
表1
Figure PCTCN2021119147-appb-000001
参考图5、图7,第一模式下,热电换热装置5不通电,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池流路9连通,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热旁路33连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、功能阀流路191与电池冷却器流路412连通形成回路。
需要解释的是,图7中,空调制冷制热回路1中的虚线表示制冷剂不经过的流路,实线表示制冷剂经过的流路。实线旁边的箭头表示制冷剂的流向。电池热管理回路2、电驱热管理回路3中的虚线表示冷却剂不经过的流路,实线表示冷却剂经过的流路,实线上的箭头表示冷却剂的流向。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第一模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第三接口c和第四接口d连通,第一调节阀111关闭,第二调节阀16半开节流,第三调节阀151关闭,旁通阀17关闭,制热阀18关闭,功能阀19打开。
空调制冷制热回路1中,压缩机12处于制热模式,压缩机12出来的高温高压气体制冷剂先经过车内冷凝器14,此时乘客舱内空调箱温度风门处于全热模式,空气与车内冷凝器14换热,冷凝放热加热乘客舱,同时制冷剂变成中温高压液体后只有一路,即经过第二调节阀16节流后,通过功能阀19,进入电池冷却器4吸收冷却液内热量变成变成低温低压气体回到压缩机12。
电池热管理回路2中,经过电池冷却器4降温的冷却液进入电池21,吸收电池21内蓄热。
电驱热管理回路3中,电驱组件31的水温小于环境温度时,电驱组件31热量进行蓄热。
此时乘客舱热量为压缩机12的功耗、电池冷却器4吸收的电池21的热量之和。
优选地,电驱冷却液主路6包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路61和电驱流路62,且电驱热管理回路3还包括热电换热旁路37时,第一模式下,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱流路62、热电换热旁路与散热旁路33连通形成回路。并且,当电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀,且四通阀的第一 接口a与散热主路7的一端连接,第二接口b与热电换热流路61的另一端连接,第三接口c与热电换热旁路37的另一端连接,第四接口d与散热旁路33的一端连接时,四通阀的第三接口c和第四接口d连通。
参考图5、图8,第二模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池旁路22连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热旁路33连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、功能阀流路191与电池冷却器流路412连通形成回路。
需要解释的是,图8中,空调制冷制热回路1中的虚线表示制冷剂不经过的流路,实线表示制冷剂经过的流路。实线旁边的箭头表示制冷剂的流向。电池热管理回路2、电驱热管理回路3中的虚线表示冷却剂不经过的流路,实线表示冷却剂经过的流路,实线上的箭头表示冷却剂的流向。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第二模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第二接口b和第四接口d连通;第一调节阀111关闭,第二调节阀16半开节流,第三调节阀151关闭,旁通阀17关闭,制热阀18关闭,功能阀19打开。
也就是说,当环境温度较低,且电驱热管理回路3不能从环境吸收热量时,进入第二模式。此时热电换热装置5通电工作作为以补充电池冷却器4的制冷剂吸热量。
空调制冷制热回路1中,压缩机12处于制热模式,压缩机12出来的高温高压气体制冷剂先经过车内冷凝器14,此时乘客舱内空调箱温度风门处于全热模式,空气与车内冷凝器14换热,冷凝放热加热乘客舱,同时制冷剂变成中温高压液体后只有一路,即经过第二调节阀16节流后,通过功能阀19,节流后进入电池冷却器4吸收冷却液内热量变成变成低温低压气体回到压缩机12。
电池热管理回路2中,冷却液旁通电池防止冷却液温度下降后影响电池效率。
电驱热管理回路3中,四通阀旁通散热器。电驱组件31的热量通过热电换热装置5自然导热传递至电池热管理回路2侧,再通过电池冷却器4将热量最终通过制冷剂回路传递至乘客舱内。
此时乘客舱热量为压缩机12的功耗、热电换热装置5的功耗、热电换热装置5从电驱热管理回路3吸收的热量之和。
参考图5、图9,第三模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池旁路22连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热主路7连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、功能阀流路191与电池冷却器流路412连通形成回路。
需要解释的是,图9中,空调制冷制热回路1中的虚线表示制冷剂不经过的流路,实线表示制冷剂经过的流路。实线旁边的箭头表示制冷剂的流向。电池热管理回路2、电驱热管理回路3中的虚线表示冷却剂不经过的流路,实线表示冷却剂经过的流路,实线上的箭头表示冷却剂的流向。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第三模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第一接口a和第二接口b连通;第一调节阀111关闭,第二调节阀16半开节流,第三调节阀151关闭,旁通阀17关闭,制热阀18关闭,功能阀19打开。
也就是说,当环境温度较低时,空调制冷制热回路1的制冷剂很难通过室外换热器11从环境中吸收热量,则进入第三模式。此时热电换热装置5通电工作作为以补充电池冷却器4的制冷剂吸热量。
空调制冷制热回路1中,压缩机12处于制热模式,压缩机12出来的高温高压气体制冷剂先经过车内冷凝器14,此时乘客舱内空调箱温度风门处于全热模式,空气与车内冷凝器14换热,冷凝放热加热乘客舱,同时制冷剂变成中温高压液体后只有一路,即经过第二调节阀16节流后,通过功能阀19,进入电池冷却器4吸收冷却液内热量变成变成低温低压气体回到压缩机12。
电池热管理回路2中,冷却液旁通电池21防止冷却液温度下降后影响电池21的效率。
电驱热管理回路3中,经过热电换热装置5降温的冷却液,低于环境温度,再通过散热器32吸收环境温度。热电换热装置5的制热侧从环境吸收热量传递至电驱热管理回路3,再通过热电换热装置5传递至电池热管理回路2,最终通过空调制冷制热回路1传递至乘客舱内。
此时乘客舱热量为压缩机12的功耗、热电换热装置5的功耗、散热器32从环境中吸收的热量、散热器32从电驱组件31吸收的热量之和。
进一步地,在步骤S4中,若环境温度大于或等于预设的第一温度阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第四模式,并判断电池冷却器的出水温度是否小于空调制冷制热回路的室外换热器另一端处制冷剂的温度与预设的第一温差阈值之和;
若是,则调节车辆热管理系统的第一调节阀、第二调节阀的开度至比例极限,并判断车辆的电驱组件的出水温度是否大于或等于环境温度;
若车辆的电驱组件的出水温度大于或等于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第五模式;
若车辆的电驱组件的温度小于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第六模式。
优选地,预设的第一温差阈值的范围为0℃至5℃。例如可以是0℃、2.5℃、5℃,或者该范围的其他数值。
第四模式、第五模式、第六模式的车辆热管理系统各部件的工作状态可以参考下表2:
表2
Figure PCTCN2021119147-appb-000002
参考图1、图5,第四模式下,热电换热装置5不通电,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池旁路22连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热旁路33连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、功能阀流路191与电池冷却器流路412连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、室外换热器流路411与制热流路181连通形成第二回路。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第四模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第二接口b和第四接口d连通,第一调节阀111半开节流,第二调节阀16半开节流,第三调节阀151关闭,旁通阀17关闭,制热阀18打开,功能阀19打开。
空调制冷制热回路1中,压缩机12处于制热模式,压缩机12出来的高温高压气体制冷剂先经过车内冷凝器14,此时乘客舱内空调箱温度风门处于全热模式,空气与车内冷凝器14换热,冷凝放热加热乘客舱,同时制冷剂变成中温高压液体后分成两路,一路经过第一调节阀111节流后,进入室外换热器11蒸发吸收环境热量,使得制冷剂变成低温低压气体,并经过制热阀18回到压缩机12;另一路经过第二调节阀16节流后,通过功能阀19,进入电池冷却器4吸收冷却液内热量变成变成低温低压气体回到压缩机12。
电池热管理回路2中,冷却液旁通电池21防止冷却液温度下降后影响电池21的效率。
电驱热管理回路3中,旁通散热器32。电驱组件31的热量通过热电换热装置5自然导热传递至电池热管理回路2侧,再通过电池冷却器4将热量最终通过空调制冷制热回路1传递至乘客舱内。
此时乘客舱热量为压缩机12的功耗、室外换热器11吸收的热量、电池冷却器4吸收的电驱热管理回路3的热量之和。
参考图1、图5,第五模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池旁路22连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热旁路33连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、功能阀流路191与电池冷却器流路412连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、室外换热器流路411与制热流路181连通形成第二回路。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第五模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第二接口b和第四接口d连通,第一调节阀111半开节流,第二调节阀16半开节流,第三调节阀151关闭,旁通阀17关闭,制热阀18打开,功能阀19打开。
也就是说,当电池冷却器4的出水温度小于室外换热器11制冷剂出口的温度时,进入第五模式,热电换热装置5通电工作作为以补充电池冷却器4的制冷剂吸热量。
空调制冷制热回路1中,压缩机12处于制热模式,压缩机12出来的高温高压气体制冷剂先经过车内冷凝器14,此时乘客舱内空调箱温度风门处于全热模式,空气与车内冷凝器14换热,冷凝放热加热乘客舱,同时制冷剂变成中温高压液体后分成两路,一路经过第一调节阀111节流后,进入室外换热器11蒸发吸收环境热量,使得制冷剂变成低温低压气体,并经过制热阀18回到压缩机12;另一路经过第二调节阀16节流后,通过功能阀19,进入电池冷却器4吸收冷却液内热量变成变成低温低压气体回到压缩机12。
电池热管理回路2中,冷却液旁通电池21防止冷却液温度下降后影响电池21的效率。
电驱热管理回路3中,旁通散热器32。电驱组件31的热量通过热电换热装置5自然导热传递至电池热管理回路2侧,再通过电池冷却器4将热量最终通过空调制冷制热回路1传递至乘客舱内。
此时乘客舱热量为压缩机12的功耗、室外换热器11吸收的热量、热电换热装置5的功耗、热电换热装置5从电驱热管理回路3吸收的热量之和。
也就是说,第四模式和第五模式的区别在于,热电换热装置5是否通电工作。
参考图1、图5,第六模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池旁路22连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热主路7连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、功能阀流路191与电池冷却器流路412连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、室外换热器流路411与制热流路181连通形成第二回路。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第六模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,第一调节阀111半开节流,第二调节阀16半开节流,第三调节阀151关闭,旁通阀17关闭,制热阀18打开,功能阀19打开。
也就是说,相比于第五模式,当电驱组件31的出水温度小于环境温度时,此时电驱热管理回路3能从环境中吸收热量,进入第六模式。热电换热装置5通电工作作为以补充电池冷却器4的制冷剂吸热量。
空调制冷制热回路1中,压缩机12处于制热模式,压缩机12出来的高温高压气体制冷剂先经过车内冷凝器14,此时乘客舱内空调箱温度风门处于全热模式,空气与车内冷凝器14换热,冷凝放热加热乘客舱,同时制冷剂变成中温高压液体后分成两路,一路经过第一调节阀111节流后,进入室外换热器11蒸发吸收环境热量,使得制冷剂变成低温低压气体,并经过制热阀18回到压缩机12;另一路经过第二调节阀16节流后,通过功能阀19,进入电池冷却器4吸收冷却液内热量变成变成低温低压气体回到压缩机12。
电池热管理回路2中,冷却液旁通电池21防止冷却液温度下降后影响电池21的效率。
电驱热管理回路3中,电驱组件31的出水温度小于环境温度时,经过热电换热装置5降温的冷却液,低于环境温度,再通过散热器32吸收环境温度。热电换热装置5的热侧从环境吸收热量并传递至电驱热管理回路3,再通过热电换热装置5传递至电池热管理回路2,最终通过空调制冷制热回路1传递至乘客舱内。
此时乘客舱热量为压缩机12的功耗、室外换热器11吸收的热量、热电换热装置5的功耗、散热器32从环境中吸收的热量、热电换热装置5从电驱热管理回路3吸收的热量之和。
进一步地,在步骤S2中,若车辆当前为行车状态,热管理方法还包括:
获取车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息,并根据电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为电池加热;
若是,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于预设的第四温度阈值;
若否,则继续判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为电池加热;
若电驱组件的水温大于或等于预设的第四温度阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第七模式。
若电驱组件的水温小于预设的第四温度阈值,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
若电驱组件的水温大于或等于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第八模式。
若电驱组件的温度小于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第九模式。
需要说明的是,此处的电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息与前面提到的电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息没有区别,此处不再赘述。
优选地,预设的第四温度阈值的范围为15℃至25℃。例如可以是15℃、17.5℃、20℃、25℃,或者该范围内的其他数值。
第七模式、第八模式、第九模式的车辆热管理系统各部件的工作状态可以参考下表3:
表3
Figure PCTCN2021119147-appb-000003
参考图1、图5,第七模式下,热电换热装置5不通电,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池流路9连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热旁路33连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路1不工作。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第七模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第二接口b和第四接口d连通,第一调节阀111为常态,第二调节阀16为常态,第三调节阀151为常态,旁通阀17为常态,制热阀18为常态,功能阀19为常态。
此时的乘客舱制热关闭,空调制冷制热回路1不工作;热电换热装置5不工作,电驱热管理回路3的热量通过热电换热装置5自然导热传递至电池热管理回路2。
参考图1、图5,第八模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池流路9连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热旁路33连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路1不工作。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第八模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,第一调节阀111为常态,第二调节阀16为常态,第三调节阀151为常态,旁通阀17为常态,制热阀18为常态,功能阀19为常态。
此时乘客舱制热关闭,空调制冷制热回路1不工作,热电换热装置5工作,通过热电换热装置5增强从电驱组件31处的吸热量。
参考图1、图5,第九模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池流路9连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热主路7连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路1不工作。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第九模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,第一调节阀111为常态,第二调节阀16为常态,第三调节阀151为常态,旁通阀17为常态,制热阀18为常态,功能阀19为常态。
此时乘客舱制热关闭,空调制冷制热回路1不工作,热电换热装置5工作,通过热电换热装置5增强从电驱组件31处的吸热量。
更进一步地,在步骤S2中,若车辆当前为行车状态,热管理方法还包括:
获取车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息,并根据电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
若车辆的热管理需求为电池加热且乘客舱制热,则判断乘客舱的制热目标是否满足;
若车辆的热管理需求不为电池加热且乘客舱制热,则继续判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
若乘客舱的制热目标满足,则判断车辆热管理系统的压缩机的转速是否小于预设的转速阈值;
若乘客舱的制热目标不满足,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
若压缩机的转速小于预设的转速阈值,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
若压缩机的转速大于或等于预设的转速阈值,则继续判断乘客舱的制热目标是否满足;
若压缩机的转速小于预设的转速阈值,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
若电驱组件的水温大于或等于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第十模式。
若电驱组件的水温小于环境温度,则车辆热管理系统进入第十一模式。
需要说明的是,乘客舱的制热目标是指乘客舱的温度是否达到预设的最低温度。预设的最低温度可以是乘员舱内的成员手动输入的。
还需要说明的是,预设的转速阈值是根据环境温度、乘客舱的制热设置、压缩机转速的最大值综合确定的。
第十模式、第十一模式的车辆热管理系统各部件的工作状态可以参考下表4:
表4
Figure PCTCN2021119147-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021119147-appb-000005
参考图1、图5,第十模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池流路9连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热旁路33连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、功能阀流路191与电池冷却器流路412连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、室外换热器流路411与制热流路181连通形成第二回路。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第十模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第二接口b和第四接口d连通,第一调节阀111半开节流,第二调节阀16半开节流,第三调节阀151关闭,旁通阀17关闭,制热阀18打开,功能阀19打开。
空调制冷制热回路1和电驱热管理回路3的工作状态类似于第五模式,电池热管理回路2中,被热电换热装置5加热的冷却液先经过电池21,以加热电池21。
参考图1、图5,第十一模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池流路9连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热主路7连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、功能阀流路191与电池冷却器流路412连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、室外换热器流路411与制热流路181连通形成第二回路。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第十一模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,第一调节阀111半开节流,第二调节阀16半开节流,第三调节阀151关闭,旁通阀17关闭,制热阀18打开,功能阀19打开。
空调制冷制热回路1和电驱热管理回路3的工作状态类似于第六模式,电池热管理回路2中,被热电换热装置5加热的冷却液先经过电池21,以加热电池21。
进一步地,在步骤S1中,若车辆启动,热管理方法还包括:
从车辆的电源管理模块获取车辆的状态信息,并根据车辆的状态信息判断车辆当前是否为充电状态;
若车辆当前为充电状态,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为乘客舱制热;
若车辆的热管理需求仅为乘客舱制热,则判断环境温度是否小于预设的第五温度阈值;
若环境温度小于预设的第五温度阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第三模式;
若环境温度大于或等于预设的第五温度阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第六模式;
若车辆的热管理需求不仅为乘客舱制热,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为电池加热;
若仅为电池加热,则车辆热管理系统进入第十二模式;
若不仅为电池加热,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
若车辆的热管理需求为电池加热且乘客舱制热,则车辆热管理系统进入第十三模式。
优选地,预设的第五温度阈值的范围为-13℃至-17℃。例如可以是-13℃、-15℃、-16.5℃、-17℃,或者该范围内的其他数值。
第十二模式、第十三模式的车辆热管理系统各部件的工作状态可以参考下表5:
表5
Figure PCTCN2021119147-appb-000006
参考图1、图5,第十二模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池流路9连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热主路7连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1不工作,压缩机12也不工作。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第十二模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,第一调节阀111为常态,第二调节阀16为常态,第三调节阀151为常态,旁通阀17为常态,制热阀18为常态,功能阀19为常态。
空调制冷制热回路1不工作。热电换热装置5工作,加热电池热管理回路2侧冷却液,以加热电池21,热电换热装置5通过电驱热管理回路3吸收环境中热量。
此时电池21的加热量为热电换热装置5的功耗和热电换热装置5通过电驱热管理回路3吸收的环境中热量之和。
参考图1、图5,第十三模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制热侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池流路9连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热主路7连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、功能阀流路191与电池冷却器流路412连通形成回路。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第十三模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第一接 口a和第二接口b连通,第一调节阀111关闭,第二调节阀16半开节流,第三调节阀151关闭,旁通阀17关闭,制热阀18关闭,功能阀19打开。
第十三模式与第三模式类似,空调制冷制热回路1和电驱热管理回路3的工作状态都相同。区别在于第十三模式的电池热管理回路2中,被热电换热装置5加热的冷却液先经过电池21,以加热电池21,再经过电池冷却器4,被电池冷却器4降温的冷却液再经过热电换热装置5加热。此外,第十三模式中热电换热装置5的功耗更大。
此时的乘客舱热量、以及电池21的加热量总和等于压缩机12的功耗、热电换热装置5的功耗、散热器32从环境中吸收的热量之和。
更进一步地,在步骤S1中,若车辆启动,热管理方法还包括:
获取车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息,并根据电池的状态信息判断电池是否有冷却需求;
若电池有冷却需求,则判断环境温度是否大于预设的第六温度阈值;
若环境温度大于预设的第六温度阈值,则判断乘客舱是否同时有制冷需求;
若乘客舱同时有制冷需求,则判断乘客舱的目标温度与乘客舱实际温度的差值的绝对值是否大于预设的第二温差阈值;
若乘客舱没有制冷需求,则继续判断乘客舱是否同时有制冷需求;
若乘客舱的目标温度与乘客舱实际温度的差值的绝对值大于预设的第二温差阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第十四模式;
若乘客舱的目标温度与乘客舱实际温度的差值的绝对值小于或等于预设的第二温差阈值,则车辆热管理系统进入第十五模式。
若环境温度小于或等于预设的第六温度阈值,则判断电池的目标水温是否小于预设的第七温度阈值;
若电池的水温小于预设的第七温度阈值,车辆热管理系统进入第十六模式。
若电池的水温大于或等于预设的第七温度阈值,车辆热管理系统进入第十七模式。
优选地,预设的第六温度阈值的范围为18℃至22℃,例如可以是18℃、19.5℃、20℃、22℃,或者该范围的其他数值。
预设的第七温度阈值的范围为12℃至20℃,例如可以是12℃、15℃、18.5℃、20℃,或者该范围的其他数值。
预设的第一温差阈值的范围为0℃至5℃。例如可以是0℃、2.5℃、5℃,或者该范围的其他数值。
第十四模式、第十五模式、第十六模式、第十七模式的车辆热管理系统各部件的工作状态可以参考下表6:
表6
Figure PCTCN2021119147-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2021119147-appb-000008
参考图1、图6,第十四模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制冷侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制热侧,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池流路9连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热主路7连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、调节阀流路1111与室内蒸发器流路连通形成回路,且制冷剂不流经车内冷凝器14。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第十四模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,第一调节阀111打开,第二调节阀16关闭或半开节流,第三调节阀151打开,旁通阀17打开,制热阀18关闭,功能阀19关闭。
电池热管理回路2与电驱热管理回路3存在热量传递。此时热电换热装置5工作,使电池热管理回路2冷却液降温以冷却电池21;并加热电驱热管理回路3的冷却液,再通过散热器32将热量传递至环境。
空调制冷制热回路1中,压缩机12出来的高温高压气体制冷剂先经过车内冷凝器14,此时乘客舱内空调箱温度风门处于全冷模式,空气不经过车内冷凝器14,即空气不与车内冷凝器14换热,再通过旁通阀17,进入室外换热器11冷凝变成中温高压的液体。此时制冷剂为一路,即通过第三调节阀151节流,通过车内蒸发器15吸收空调箱内空气热量使空气降温冷却乘客舱。
参考图1、图6,第十五模式下,热电换热装置5不通电,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作或关闭,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却液主路8与电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热主路7连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、旁通阀流路171、功能阀流路191、室外换热器流路411、电池冷却器流路412连通形成第一回路,空调制冷制热回路1的压缩机流路121、车内冷凝器流路141、旁通阀流路171、功能阀流路191、室外换热器与车内蒸发器流路152连通形成第二回路。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第十五模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,第一调节阀111打开,第二调节阀16关闭或半开节流,第三调节阀151打开或关闭,旁通阀17打开,制热阀18关闭,功能阀19关闭。
具体地,电驱冷却液主路6包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路61和电驱流路62,且电驱热管理回路3还包括热电换热旁路37时,第十五模式下,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱流路62、热电换热旁路37与散热主路7连通形成回路。并且,当电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀,且四通阀的第一接口a与散热主路7的一端连接,第二接口b与热电换热流路61的另一端连接,第三接口c与 热电换热旁路37的另一端连接,第四接口d与散热旁路33的一端连接时,四通阀的第一接口a和第三接口c连通。
电池热管理回路2与电驱热管理回路3独立。热电换热装置5此时不工作。电驱热管理回路3的冷却液不经过热电换热装置5;电驱热管理回路3通过电驱回路水泵35驱动冷却液通过散热器32散热,冷却之后的冷却液冷却电驱热管理回路3的冷却对象,此时电驱热管理回路3的冷却水温目标一般为小于或等于65℃;。
电池热管理回路2通过电池冷却器4内的制冷剂吸收电池冷却器4内冷却液热量,使电池热管理回路2的冷却液降温,降温后的冷却液再冷却电池21。电池热管理回路2的冷却液水温目标一般为15~25℃。
空调制冷制热回路1中,压缩机12出来的高温高压气体制冷剂先经过车内冷凝器14,此时乘客舱内空调箱温度风门处于全冷模式,空气不经过车内冷凝器14,即空气不与车内冷凝器14换热,再通过旁通阀17,进入室外换热器11冷凝变成中温高压的液体。此时制冷剂分成两路,一路通过空调箱前的第三调节阀151节流,一路通过电池冷却器4前的第二调节阀16节流,节流后变成低温低压的液体;通过车内蒸发器15吸收空调箱内空气热量使空气降温冷却乘客舱,通过电池冷却器4吸收冷却液热量使冷却液降温以冷却电池21。
参考图1、图6,第十六模式下,热电换热装置5不通电,电池热管理回路2的电池回路水泵24工作,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却器4不工作,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热主路7连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的工作状态待定。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第十六模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,第一调节阀111待定,第二调节阀16待定,第三调节阀151待定,旁通阀17待定,制热阀18待定,功能阀19待定。
春秋季,环境温度较低,例如小于20℃,此时电池21有冷却需求,可通过散热器32冷却电池21,而压缩机12、电池冷却器4无需工作。
参考图1、图6,第十七模式下,热电换热装置5通电,且热电换热装置5中位于电池热管理回路2的一侧为制冷侧,热电换热装置5中位于电驱热管理回路3的一侧为制热侧,电池热管理回路2的电池冷却器4不工作,电驱热管理回路3的电驱回路水泵35工作,电驱流路切换部件34将电驱冷却液主路6与散热主路7连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路1的工作状态待定。
在电池流路切换部件23为三通阀、电驱流路切换部件34为四通阀、空调制冷制热回路1还包括第一调节阀111、第二调节阀16、第三调节阀151、以及旁通阀17、制热阀18、功能阀19时,在第十七模式下,电池流路切换部件23的第一接口a和第三接口c连通,电驱流路切换部件34的第一接口a和第二接口b连通,第一调节阀111待定,第二调节阀16待定,第三调节阀151待定,旁通阀17待定,制热阀18待定,功能阀19待定。
也就是说,当仅有散热器32工作,电池21的水温目标不满足要求时,热电换热装置5会辅助工作。热电换热装置5使电池热管理回路2的冷却液降温以冷却电池21;并加热电驱热管理回路3的冷却液,再通过散热器32将热量传递至环境。需要说明的是,电池21的水温目标一般为12℃至20℃。
虽然通过参照本申请的某些优选实施方式,已经对本申请进行了图示和描述,但本领域的普通技术人员应该明白,以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本申请所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本申请的具体实施只局限于这些说明。本领域技术人员可以在形式上和细节上对其作各种改变,包括做出若干简单推演或替换,而不偏离本申请的精神和范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种车辆热管理系统,包括空调制冷制热回路、电池热管理回路和电驱热管理回路,所述空调制冷制热回路和所述电池热管理回路之间设有电池冷却器,所述电池热管理回路上设有电池,所述电驱热管理回路包括以串联方式依次连接的电驱冷却液主路和散热主路,所述电驱冷却液主路上设有电驱组件,所述散热主路上设有散热器,其特征在于:
    所述车辆热管理系统还包括热电换热装置,所述热电换热装置设置于所述电池热管理回路与所述电驱热管理回路的所述电驱冷却液主路之间,以通过所述热电换热装置调节所述电池热管理回路与所述电驱热管理回路之间冷却液的热传递状态;
    所述电驱热管理回路还包括散热旁路和电驱流路切换部件,所述散热旁路与所述散热主路以并联的方式连接,所述电驱流路切换部件连接于所述散热主路的一端、所述散热旁路的一端以及所述电驱冷却液主路的一端之间;其中,所述电驱冷却液主路通过所述电驱流路切换部件选择性地与所述散热主路或所述散热旁路连通后形成回路。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的车辆热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热电换热装置包括热电换热单体,所述热电换热单体包括沿所述热电换热装置的厚度方向依次叠设的电池液冷模组、热电模组和电驱液冷模组,所述热电模组的一侧与所述电池液冷模组接触,所述热电模组的另一侧与所述电驱液冷模组接触,所述电池液冷模组设置于所述电池热管理回路上,并与所述电池以串联的方式设置,所述电驱液冷模组设置于所述电驱冷却液主路上,并与所述电驱组件以串联的方式设置。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的车辆热管理系统,其特征在于,所述热电模组包括沿所述热电换热单体的厚度方向依次叠设的第一导热层、半导体层和第二导热层;所述第一导热层的一侧与所述电池液冷模组接触,所述第一导热层的另一侧与所述半导体层的一侧接触,所述半导体层的另一侧与所述第二导热层的一侧接触,所述第二导热层的另一侧与所述电驱液冷模组接触,且所述半导体层包括呈矩阵排列的多个半导体。
  4. 如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的车辆热管理系统,其特征在于,所述电驱冷却液主路包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路和电驱流路,所述热电换热装置设置于所述热电换热流路上,所述电驱组件设置于所述电驱流路上,所述热电换热流路的另一端为所述电驱冷却液主路的所述一端,并与所述电驱流路切换部件连接,所述电驱流路的一端为所述电驱冷却液主路的另一端,并与所述散热主路的另一端、所述散热旁路的另一端连接;
    所述电驱热管理回路还包括热电换热旁路,所述热电换热旁路的一端与所述热电换热流路的一端连接,所述热电换热旁路的另一端与所述电驱流路切换部件连接,以使所述热电换热旁路与所述热电换热流路以并联的方式设置;
    其中,所述电驱流路切换部件选择性地将所述散热主路或所述散热旁路与所述热电换热流路或所述热电换热旁路连通后,与所述电驱流路连通形成回路。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的车辆热管理系统,其特征在于,所述电驱流路切换部件为四通阀,所述四通阀具有第一接口、第二接口、第三接口和第四接口;所述第一接口与所述散热主路的一端连接,所述第二接口与所述热电换热流路的另一端连接,所述第三接口与所述热电换热旁路的另一端连接,所述第四接口与所述散热旁路的一端连接;
    所述电驱流路上还设有电驱回路水泵,所述电驱回路水泵设置在所述热电换热装置与所述电驱组件之间。
  6. 如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的车辆热管理系统,其特征在于,所述电驱冷却液主路包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路和电驱流路,所述热电换热装置设置于所述热电换热流路上,所述电驱组件设置于所述电驱流路上,所述热电换热流路的另一端为所述电驱冷却液主路的所述一端,并与所述电驱流路切换部件连接,所述电驱流路的一端为所述电驱冷却液主路的另一端,并与所述散热主路的另一端、所述散热旁路的另一端连接;
    所述热电换热流路上还设有电驱回路水泵和换热三通阀,所述电驱回路水泵和所述换热三通阀以串联的方式连接,且所述电驱回路水泵设置在所述换热三通阀与所述热电换热装置之间;
    所述电驱热管理回路还包括电驱旁路,所述电驱旁路的一端与所述换热三通阀连接,所述电驱旁路的另一端与所述散热旁路连接,以使所述电驱旁路与所述电驱流路以并联的方式设置;并且
    所述换热三通阀具有第一接口、第二接口和第三接口,所述换热三通阀的第一接口与所述电驱回路水泵连接,所述换热三通阀的第二接口与所述电驱流路的另一端连接,所述换热三通阀的第三接口与所述电驱旁路的一端连接;
    所述电驱流路切换部件为三通阀,所述三通阀具有第一接口、第二接口和第三接口;所述三通阀的第一接口与所述散热主路的一端连接,所述三通阀的第二接口与所述热电换热流路的另一端连接,所述三通阀的第三接口与所述散热旁路的一端连接。
  7. 如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的车辆热管理系统,其特征在于,所述电驱冷却液主路包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路和电驱流路,所述热电换热装置设置于所述热电换热流路上,所述电驱组件设置于所述电驱流路上,所述热电换热流路的另一端为所述电驱冷却液主路的所述一端,并与所述电驱流路切换部件连接,所述电驱流路的一端为所述电驱冷却液主路的另一端,并与所述散热主路的另一端、所述散热旁路的另一端连接;
    所述热电换热流路上还设有电驱回路水泵和换热三通阀,所述电驱回路水泵和所述换热三通阀以串联的方式连接,且所述电驱回路水泵设置在所述换热三通阀与所述热电换热装置之间;
    所述电驱热管理回路还包括热电换热旁路和电驱旁路,所述热电换热旁路的一端与所述电驱回路水泵连接,所述热电换热旁路的另一端与所述电驱流路切换部件连接,以使所述热电换热旁路与所述热电换热装置以并联的方式设置;所述电驱旁路的一端与所述换热三通阀连接,所述电驱旁路的另一端与所述电驱流路切换部件连接,以使所述电驱旁路与所述电驱流路以并联的方式设置;
    所述换热三通阀具有第一接口、第二接口和第三接口,所述换热三通阀的第一接口与所述电驱回路水泵连接,所述换热三通阀的第二接口与所述电驱流路的另一端连接,所述换热三通阀的第三接口与所述电驱旁路的一端连接;
    所述电驱流路切换部件包括以串联的方式连接的第一三通阀和第二三通阀,所述第一三通阀和所述第二三通阀均具有第一接口、第二接口和第三接口;所述第一三通阀的第一接口与所述散热主路的一端连接,所述第一三通阀的第二接口与所述热电换热流路的另一端连接,所述第一三通阀的第三接口与所述第二三通阀的第一接口连接;所述第二三通阀的第二接口与所述热电换热旁路的另一端、所述电驱旁路的另一端连接,所述第二三通阀的第三接口与所述散热旁路的一端连接。
  8. 如权利要求1~7中任一项所述的车辆热管理系统,其特征在于,所述电池热管理回路包括以串联方式依次连接的电池冷却液主路和电池流路,所述热电换热装置和所述电池冷却器均设置于所述电池冷却液主路上,所述电池设置于所述电池流路上;并且
    所述电池热管理回路还包括电池旁路和电池流路切换部件;所述电池旁路与所述电池冷却液主路以并联的方式连接,所述电池流路切换部件连接于所述电池冷却液主路的另一端、所述电池旁路的一端、以及所述电池流路的一端之间;并且
    所述散热旁路、所述电池旁路均为短接旁路;
    所述电池冷却液主路上还设有电池回路水泵,所述电池回路水泵设置在所述热电换热装置与所述电池流路切换部件之间。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的车辆的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述电池流路切换部件为三通阀,所述三通阀具有第一接口、第二接口和第三接口,所述第一接口与所述电池冷却液主路的另一端连接,所述第二接口与所述电池旁路的一端连接,所述第三接口与所述电池流路的一端连接。
  10. 如权利要求1~9任一项所述的车辆的热管理系统,其特征在于,所述空调制冷制热回路包括压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、制热流路、制冷剂主路、旁通阀流路、功能阀流路、调节阀流路和车内蒸发器流路;所述压缩机流路以串联方式与所述车内冷凝器流路连接,所述制热流路以串联方式与所述压缩机流路连接,所述制冷剂主路以并联方式与所述车内蒸发器流路、所述制热流路连接,所述制冷剂主路包括以串联方式连接的室外换热器流路和电池冷却器流路;并且
    所述空调制冷制热回路还包括室外换热器、压缩机、气液分离器、车内冷凝器、车内蒸发器;所述室外换热器设置于所述室外换热器流路,且所述室外换热器流路的一端与所述调节阀流路的另一端连通,所述室外换热器流路的另一端与所述制热流路的一端、所述车内蒸发器流路的一端连通;所述气液分离器、所述压缩机以串联的方式设置于所述压缩机流路;所述车内冷凝器与所述压缩机流路的另一端、所述车内冷凝器流路的一端连接;所述车内蒸发器设置于所述车内蒸发器流路上,且所述车内蒸发器流路的另一端与所述制热流路的另一端、所述压缩机流路的一端连接;所述电池冷却器设置于所述制冷剂主路的所述电池冷却器流路中,且所述制冷剂主路的另一端与所述压缩机流路的一端连接;
    所述空调制冷制热回路还包括第一调节阀、第二调节阀、第三调节阀、以及旁通阀、制热阀、功能阀;所述第一调节阀、所述第二调节阀、所述第三调节阀均用于调节所述制冷剂的流量;所述旁通阀、所述制热阀、所述功能阀均用于调节所述制冷剂的流动方向;所述第一调节阀设置于所述调节阀流路,并位于所述室外换热器的一端一侧;所述第二调节阀设置于所述制冷剂主路的所述电池冷却器流路,且位于所述电池冷却器的一端一侧;所述第三调节阀设置于所述车内蒸发器流路,且位于所述车内蒸发器的一端一侧;所述旁通阀设置于所述旁通阀流路,所述旁通阀与所述第一调节阀并联设置,且所述旁通阀流路的一端连接至所述第一调节阀的一端,另一端连接至所述第一调节阀的另一端;所述制热阀设置于所述制热流路,所述制热流路的一端与所述室外换热器连接,所述制热流路的另一端与所述压缩机流路的一端连接;所述功能阀设置于所述功能阀流路,所述功能阀流路的一端与所述车内冷凝器流路的另一端连接,所述功能阀流路的另一端与所述制冷剂主路的所述电池冷却器流路的一端连接。
  11. 一种车辆热管理方法,其特征在于,适用于如权利要求1-10任一项所述的车辆热管理系统,所述车辆热管理方法包括以下步骤:
    S1:获取车辆的启动信息,并根据车辆的启动信息判断车辆是否启动;
    若是,则执行步骤S2;
    若否,则继续判断车辆是否启动;
    S2:从车辆的电源管理模块获取车辆的状态信息,并根据所述车辆的状态信息判断车辆当前是否为行车状态;
    若车辆当前为行车状态,则执行步骤S3;
    若车辆当前不为行车状态,则继续判断车辆当前是否为行车状态;
    S3:获取所述车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息,并根据所述电池的状态信息、以及所述乘客舱的状态信息判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为乘客舱制热;
    若是,则执行步骤S4;
    若否,则继续判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为乘客舱制热;
    S4:判断环境温度是否小于预设的第一温度阈值;
    若是,则判断电池的电芯温度是否大于或等于预设的第二温度阈值、以及电驱组件的水温是否小于预设的第三温度阈值;
    若电池的电芯温度大于或等于预设的第二温度阈值,且电驱组件的水温小于预设的第三温度阈值,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第一模式;其中
    所述第一模式下,所述热电换热装置不通电,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池流路连通,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与散热旁路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与所述电池冷却器流路连通形成回路;
    若电池的电芯温度小于预设的第二温度阈值,或者,电驱组件的水温大于或等于预设的第三温度阈值,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
    若电驱组件的水温大于或等于环境温度,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第二模式;其中
    所述第二模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与电池旁路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热旁路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与所述电池冷却器流路连通形成回路;
    若电驱组件的水温小于环境温度,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第三模式;其中
    所述第三模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池旁路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与所述电池冷却器流路连通形成回路。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的车辆热管理方法,其特征在于,所述电驱冷却液主路包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路和电驱流路,且所述电驱热管理回路还包括热电换热旁路时,所述第一模式下,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱流路、所述热电换热旁路与所述散热旁路连通形成回路;并且
    当所述电驱流路切换部件为四通阀,且所述四通阀的第一接口与散热主路的一端连接,第二接口与热电换热流路的另一端连接,第三接口与热电换热旁路的另一端连接,第四接口与散热旁路的一端连接时,所述四通阀的所述第三接口和所述第四接口连通。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的车辆热管理方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤S4中,
    若所述环境温度大于或等于预设的所述第一温度阈值,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第四模式,并判断电池冷却器的出水温度是否小于空调制冷制热回路的室外换热器另一端处制冷剂的温度与预设的第一温差阈值之和;
    若是,则调节所述车辆热管理系统的第一调节阀、第二调节阀的开度至比例极限,并判断车辆的电驱组件的出水温度是否大于或等于环境温度;
    若所述车辆的电驱组件的出水温度大于或等于环境温度,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第五模式;
    若所述车辆的电驱组件的温度小于环境温度,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第六模式;其中
    所述第四模式下,所述热电换热装置不通电,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池旁路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热旁路连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与所述电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路,所述空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、室外换热器流路与制热流路连通形成第二回路;
    所述第五模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池旁路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热旁路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与所述电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路,所述空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、室外换热器流路与制热流路连通形成第二回路;
    所述第六模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池旁路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与所述电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路, 所述空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、室外换热器流路与制热流路连通形成第二回路。
  14. 如权利要求11~13任一项所述的车辆热管理方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤S2中,若车辆当前为行车状态,所述热管理方法还包括:
    获取所述车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息,并根据所述电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为电池加热;
    若是,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于预设的第四温度阈值;
    若否,则继续判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为电池加热;
    若电驱组件的水温大于或等于预设的第四温度阈值,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第七模式;其中
    所述第七模式下,所述热电换热装置不通电,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热旁路连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路不工作;
    若电驱组件的水温小于预设的第四温度阈值,则判断电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
    若所述电驱组件的水温大于或等于环境温度,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第八模式;其中
    所述第八模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热旁路连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路不工作;
    若所述电驱组件的温度小于环境温度,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第九模式;其中
    所述第九模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热主路连通形成回路,空调制冷制热回路不工作。
  15. 如权利要求11~14中任一项所述的车辆热管理方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤S2中,若车辆当前为行车状态,所述热管理方法还包括:
    获取所述车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息,并根据所述电池的状态信息、以及乘客舱的状态信息判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
    若车辆的热管理需求为电池加热且乘客舱制热,则判断乘客舱的制热目标是否满足;
    若车辆的热管理需求不为电池加热且乘客舱制热,则继续判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
    若乘客舱的制热目标满足,则判断所述车辆热管理系统的压缩机的转速是否小于预设的转速阈值;
    若乘客舱的制热目标不满足,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
    若所述压缩机的转速小于预设的转速阈值,则判断所述电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
    若所述压缩机的转速大于或等于预设的转速阈值,则继续判断乘客舱的制热目标是否满足;
    若所述压缩机的转速小于预设的转速阈值,则判断所述电驱组件的水温是否大于或等于环境温度;
    若所述电驱组件的水温大于或等于环境温度,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第十模式;其中
    所述第十模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热旁路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与所述电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路,所述空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、室外换热器流路与制热流路连通形成第二回路;
    若所述电驱组件的水温小于环境温度,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第十一模式;其中
    所述第十一模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与所述电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路,所述空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、室外换热器流路与制热流路连通形成第二回路。
  16. 如权利要求11~15中任一项所述的车辆热管理方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤S1中,若车辆启动,所述热管理方法还包括:
    从车辆的电源管理模块获取车辆的状态信息,并根据所述车辆的状态信息判断车辆当前是否为充电状态;
    若车辆当前为充电状态,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为乘客舱制热;
    若车辆的热管理需求仅为乘客舱制热,则判断环境温度是否小于预设的第五温度阈值;
    若环境温度小于预设的第五温度阈值,则所述车辆热管理系统进入所述第三模式;
    若环境温度大于或等于预设的第五温度阈值,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第六模式;
    若车辆的热管理需求不仅为乘客舱制热,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否仅为电池加热;
    若仅为电池加热,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第十二模式;其中
    所述第十二模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路不工作;
    若不仅为电池加热,则判断车辆的热管理需求是否为电池加热且乘客舱制热;
    若车辆的热管理需求为电池加热且乘客舱制热,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第十三模式;其中
    所述第十三模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、功能阀流路与所述电池冷却器流路连通形成回路。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的车辆热管理方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤S1中,若车辆启动,所述热管理方法还包括:
    获取所述车辆热管理系统中电池的状态信息,并根据所述电池的状态信息判断所述电池是否有冷却需求;
    若所述电池有冷却需求,则判断环境温度是否大于预设的第六温度阈值;
    若环境温度大于预设的第六温度阈值,则判断乘客舱是否同时有制冷需求;
    若乘客舱同时有制冷需求,则判断乘客舱的目标温度与乘客舱实际温度的差值的绝对值是否大于预设的第二温差阈值;
    若乘客舱没有制冷需求,则继续判断乘客舱是否同时有制冷需求;
    若乘客舱的目标温度与乘客舱实际温度的差值的绝对值大于预设的第二温差阈值,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第十四模式;其中
    所述第十四模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、调节阀流路与室内蒸发器流路连通形成回路,且制冷剂不流经车内冷凝器;
    若乘客舱的目标温度与乘客舱实际温度的差值的绝对值小于或等于预设的第二温差阈值,则所述车辆热管理系统进入第十五模式;其中
    所述第十五模式下,所述热电换热装置不通电,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作或关闭,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却液主路与所述电池流路连通形成回路,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、旁通阀流路、功能阀流路、所述室外换热器流路、所述电池冷却器流路连通形成第一回路,所述空调制冷制热回路的压缩机流路、车内冷凝器流路、旁通阀流路、功能阀流路、室外换热器与车内蒸发器流路连通形成第二回路;
    若环境温度小于或等于预设的第六温度阈值,则判断所述电池的目标水温是否小于预设的第七温度阈值;
    若所述电池的水温小于预设的第七温度阈值,所述车辆热管理系统进入第十六模式;其中
    所述第十六模式下,所述热电换热装置不通电,电池热管理回路的电池回路水泵工作,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却器不工作,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的工作状态待定;
    若所述电池的水温大于或等于预设的第七温度阈值,所述车辆热管理系统进入第十七模式;其中
    所述第十七模式下,所述热电换热装置通电,且所述热电换热装置中位于电池热管理回路的一侧为制冷侧,所述热电换热装置中位于电驱热管理回路的一侧为制热侧,所述电池热管理回路的电池冷却器不工作,电驱热管理回路的电驱回路水泵工作,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱冷却液主路与所述散热主路连通形成回路;空调制冷制热回路的工作状态待定。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的车辆热管理方法,其特征在于,所述电驱冷却液主路包括以串联的方式依次连接的热电换热流路和电驱流路,且所述电驱热管理回路还包括热电换热旁路时,所述第十五模式下,所述电驱流路切换部件将所述电驱流路、所述热电换热旁路与所述散热主路连通形成回路;并且
    当所述电驱流路切换部件为四通阀,且所述四通阀的第一接口与散热主路的一端连接,第二接口与热电换热流路的另一端连接,第三接口与热电换热旁路的另一端连接,第四接口与散热旁路的一端连接时,所述四通阀的所述第一接口和所述第三接口连通。
  19. 如权利要求17所述的车辆热管理方法,其特征在于,在所述电池流路切换部件为三通阀、所述电驱流路切换部件为四通阀、所述空调制冷制热回路还包括第一调节阀、第二调节阀、第三调节阀、以及旁通阀、制热阀、功能阀时,
    在所述第一模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第三接口和第四接口连通,所述第一调节阀关闭,所述第二调节阀半开节流,所述第三调节阀关闭,所述旁通阀关闭,所述制热阀关闭,所述功能阀打开;
    在所述第二模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通;所述第一调节阀关闭,所述第二调节阀半开节流,所述第三调节阀关闭,所述旁通阀关闭,所述制热阀关闭,所述功能阀打开;
    在所述第三模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通;所述第一调节阀关闭,所述第二调节阀半开节流,所述第三调节阀关闭,所述旁通阀关闭,所述制热阀关闭,所述功能阀打开;
    在所述第四模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通,所述第一调节阀半开节流,所述第二调节阀半开节流,所述第三调节阀关闭,所述旁通阀关闭,所述制热阀打开,所述功能阀打开;
    在所述第五模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通,所述第一调节阀半开节流,所述第二调节阀半开节流,所述第三调节阀关闭,所述旁通阀关闭,所述制热阀打开,所述功能阀打开;
    在所述第六模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述第一调节阀半开节流,所述第二调节阀半开节流,所述第三调节阀关闭,所述旁通阀关闭,所述制热阀打开,所述功能阀打开;
    在所述第七模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通,所述第一调节阀为常态,所述第二调节阀为常态,所述第三调节阀为常态,所述旁通阀为常态,所述制热阀为常态,所述功能阀为常态;
    在所述第八模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通,所述第一调节阀为常态,所述第二调节阀为常态,所述第三调节阀为常态,所述旁通阀为常态,所述制热阀为常态,所述功能阀为常态;
    在所述第九模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述第一调节阀为常态,所述第二调节阀为常态,所述第三调节阀为常态,所述旁通阀为常态,所述制热阀为常态,所述功能阀为常态;
    在所述第十模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第二接口和第四接口连通,所述第一调节阀半开节流,所述第二调节阀半开节流,所述第三调节阀关闭,所述旁通阀关闭,所述制热阀打开,所述功能阀打开;
    在所述第十一模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述第一调节阀半开节流,所述第二调节阀半开节流,所述第三调节阀关闭,所述旁通阀关闭,所述制热阀打开,所述功能阀打开;
    在所述第十二模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述第一调节阀为常态,所述第二调节阀为常态,所述第三调节阀为常态,所述旁通阀为常态,所述制热阀为常态,所述功能阀为常态;
    在所述第十三模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述第一调节阀关闭,所述第二调节阀半开节流,所述第三调节阀关闭,所述旁通阀关闭,所述制热阀关闭,所述功能阀打开;
    在所述第十四模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述第一调节阀打开,所述第二调节阀关闭或半开节流,所述第三调节阀打开,所述旁通阀打开,所述制热阀关闭,所述功能阀关闭;
    在所述第十五模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述第一调节阀打开,所述第二调节阀关闭或半开节流,所述第三调节阀打开或关闭,所述旁通阀打开,所述制热阀关闭,所述功能阀关闭;
    在所述第十六模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述第一调节阀待定,所述第二调节阀待定,所述第三调节阀待定,所述旁通阀待定,所述制热阀待定,所述功能阀待定;
    在所述第十七模式下,所述电池流路切换部件的第一接口和第三接口连通,所述电驱流路切换部件的第一接口和第二接口连通,所述第一调节阀待定,所述第二调节阀待定,所述第三调节阀待定,所述旁通阀待定,所述制热阀待定,所述功能阀待定。
  20. 如权利要求17~19中任一项所述的车辆热管理方法,其特征在于,
    预设的所述第一温度阈值的范围为-13℃至-17℃;
    预设的所述第二温度阈值的范围为15℃至25℃;
    预设的所述第三温度阈值的范围为0℃至10℃;
    预设的所述第四温度阈值的范围为15℃至25℃;
    预设的所述第五温度阈值的范围为-13℃至-17℃;
    预设的所述第六温度阈值的范围为18℃至22℃;
    预设的所述第七温度阈值的范围为12℃至20℃;
    预设的所述第一温差阈值的范围为0℃至5℃;
    预设的所述第二温差阈值的范围为0℃至5℃。
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