WO2023037406A1

WO2023037406A1 - Ventilation system and ventilation method

Info

Publication number: WO2023037406A1
Application number: PCT/JP2021/032836
Authority: WO
Inventors: 尊宣村上
Original assignee: 株式会社エコファクトリー
Priority date: 2021-09-07
Filing date: 2021-09-07
Publication date: 2023-03-16
Also published as: KR20240045274A; CN117897580A; JPWO2023037406A1; JP7351496B2

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a ventilation system and a ventilation method for efficiently ventilating an activity region of users in an indoor facility having a large space, and realizing a comfortable environment. [Solution] The present invention is a ventilation system installed in a facility in which a large space is formed, the ventilation system being constituted by a package air-conditioner 3 having a heat transfer medium circuit 33 in which a refrigerant circulates, an outside air conditioning machine 2 having a heat exchanger 22 incorporated into the heat transfer medium circuit 33, and a discharge unit 9 for discharging outside air A that has circulated in the facility 1 to the outside. The package air-conditioner 3 and the outside air conditioning machine 2 are installed on an upper floor, and the discharge unit 9 is installed on a lower floor. Outside air A introduced from the outside air conditioning machine 2 on the upper floor circulates through the large space S and is then discharged to the outside from the discharge unit 9, whereby the large space S is constantly ventilated by fresh air.

Description

Ventilation system and ventilation method

The present invention relates to a ventilation system and a ventilation method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a ventilation system and a ventilation method that efficiently ventilate user activity areas in an indoor facility having a large space and realize a comfortable environment.

In recent years, buildings have become highly airtight and highly insulated, and without sufficient ventilation, the concentration of carbon dioxide will increase, especially in newly constructed buildings, the concentration of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds (VOC: Vapor Organic Composition). can be too high. Insufficient ventilation also increases the humidity, causing mold and mites to grow, which is a cause of allergies.

Among buildings, indoor facilities such as gymnasiums, which have large spaces, are places where various sports are held, and also play an important role as emergency evacuation sites for local residents in the event of an emergency disaster. In recent years, in particular, as a measure to prevent infectious diseases such as the new coronavirus, it has been recommended to regularly introduce outside air into living spaces and avoid closed spaces with poor ventilation as much as possible. In order to deal with air pollution in such closed spaces, a 24-hour ventilation system is adopted, which continuously ventilates the entire building with a constant amount of air for 24 hours.

As a ventilation system adopted in a facility with a large space, for example, the ventilation window formed on the second floor allows outside air to flow in, and the inside air that circulates in the large space flows through the ventilation window formed on the first floor. Natural ventilation methods such as exhausting air to the outside are adopted.

On the other hand, for the purpose of promoting ventilation in large spaces, many forced ventilation systems using mechanical ventilation have been proposed. As a ventilation system that uses mechanical ventilation, there is a type 1 ventilation system that forcibly takes in outside air into the room with an air supply fan and forcibly exhausts the inside air to the outside with an exhaust fan. There are a second type ventilation system that naturally exhausts the forcibly supplied outside air, and a third type ventilation system that forcibly exhausts the outside air supplied to the large space by the natural supply to the outside using an exhaust fan.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a ventilation system that employs a type 1 ventilation system to increase the efficiency of air conditioning in a large space. Specifically, the air supply fan that introduces outside air is installed at a height near the floor of the large-scale space to be air-conditioned, and the exhaust fan that exhausts indoor air to the outside is installed in the large-scale space. Install on the wall at a height of 50% or more of the height to the ceiling.

With this configuration, the hot air that stays near the ceiling and is warmed by sunlight is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust fan while it is gradually descending, so that the hot air can descend to the floor surface of the large-scale space. can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise in the activity area of users who are active indoors, and to promote the ventilation in the activity area because the outside air is introduced from the air supply blower to the lower part of the large-scale space.

JP 2019-070480 A

According to the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, by installing an exhaust fan in an arbitrary position, it is possible to promote ventilation in a large-scale space and improve the efficiency of the air conditioner. On the other hand, in the ventilation system according to Patent Document 1, outside air flows directly into the room through the air supply blower, so in winter when the outside temperature is low, for example, low-temperature outside air flows into the room.

In addition, since the air supply fan is installed near the floor of the indoor facility, the low-temperature outside air that flows into the room stays near the floor, which is the activity area of the indoor facility users, without rising toward the ceiling. will do. As a result, there is concern that temperature drop and ventilation irregularities will occur in the activity area, and that the activity environment for the user will deteriorate.

In order to deal with the above problems, when an air conditioner is operated to air-condition a large space, the operating load of the air conditioner is increases, it takes a long time to raise the temperature of the large-scale space to the target temperature.

The present invention has been invented in view of the above points, and provides a ventilation system and a ventilation method that efficiently ventilate the user's active area in an indoor facility having a large space and realize a comfortable environment. It is intended to provide

In order to achieve the above object, the ventilation system of the present invention has an atrium structure in which the space on the upper floor and the space on the lower floor are continuous, and is a large-scale space surrounded by a floor surface, a ceiling surface, and a wall surface. A ventilation system installed in a facility where a is formed, comprising a heat source device having a heat medium circuit in which a refrigerant circulates, and a heat source device installed on the upper floor and supplying outside air introduced from an inlet to the large space. An outside air conditioner having a housing in which an outside air introduction path leading to an air supply port is formed, and a heat exchanger installed on the path of the heat medium circuit and cooling or heating the outside air introduced from the introduction port; A floor surface exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position on the floor surface, a wall surface exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position on the wall surface portion of the lower floor and communicating with the outside, and the floor surface exhaust hole communicating with the wall surface exhaust hole. and an exhaust portion configured from an exhaust guide path for exhaust gas.

Here, by providing a heat source device having a heat medium circuit in which a refrigerant circulates, for example, a heat medium circuit of an air conditioner or a cooling water circulation device as a heat source device (for example, refrigerant such as freon gas or alternative gas, hot water or cold water, heating or gas for cooling, etc.), by incorporating the heat exchanger of the outside air conditioner described later, the outside air introduced into the outside air conditioner is heat-exchanged and then supplied to the large-scale space. be able to.

In addition, the housing is installed on the upper floor and has an outside air introduction path leading to the air supply port that supplies the outside air introduced from the introduction port to the large-scale space. By providing an outside air conditioner with a heat exchanger that cools or heats the outside air introduced from the outside air conditioner, the outside air can be supplied to the large space to facilitate ventilation. Since the heat exchanger is incorporated in the heat medium circuit of the heat source device, the outside air introduced into the outside air conditioner is heat-exchanged by the heat medium supplied in conjunction with the operation of the heat source device. Since the subsequent outside air can be supplied to the large-scale space, it is possible to keep the temperature of the large-scale space at an appropriate temperature.

Furthermore, when the outside air temperature adjusted by the outside air conditioner is supplied to the large-scale space, a difference occurs between the temperature (humidity) of the outside air and the temperature (humidity) inside the large-scale space. As a result, the outside air can be circulated throughout a large-scale space.

In addition, a floor exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position on the floor surface, a wall exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position on the wall surface of the lower floor and communicating with the outside, and an exhaust guide communicating from the floor surface exhaust hole to the wall exhaust hole By providing the exhaust part composed of the channel, the outside air supplied from the outside air conditioner circulates in the large-scale space and is then exhausted from the floor surface exhaust hole. The outside air exhausted from the floor surface exhaust hole is exhausted to the outside through the wall surface exhaust hole through the exhaust guide path. By installing an exhaust blower at a predetermined position of the exhaust section, it is possible to adopt a first-class ventilation system that forcibly exhausts air.

Here, many facilities with large-scale spaces have underfloor spaces, but the accumulation of moisture in this underfloor space causes the floor surface to expand and contract. In this respect, by forming an exhaust guide path that communicates from the floor surface exhaust hole to the wall surface exhaust hole, ventilation in the underfloor space is ensured, thereby preventing moisture from accumulating in the underfloor space.

In addition, if the heat source device is installed on the upper floors and the air conditioner is used to air-condition a predetermined area of the upper floors, the air conditioner can maintain the large-scale space at a predetermined temperature. In addition, as described above, the outside air supplied from the outside air conditioner is cooled or heated to a predetermined temperature in heat exchange and then supplied toward the large space, so that the target set by the air conditioner The operation time of the air conditioner until reaching the temperature is shortened, and the operating load of the air conditioner can be reduced.

In addition, when an outside air conditioner and an air conditioner are set as a set of air supply units, and the air supply units are arranged side by side at predetermined intervals, a plurality of air supply units may be provided according to the size of the large-scale space. By installing a unit, it is possible to keep a large space at an appropriate temperature and to ventilate it in a short time. Furthermore, by arranging the outside air conditioner and the air conditioner close to each other, the heat exchanger of the outside air conditioner can be easily incorporated into the heat medium circuit of the air conditioner.

In addition, when the floor exhaust hole is positioned on the center line of the adjacent air supply unit in a plan view of the large-scale space, the outside air circulated throughout the large-scale space is most efficiently exhausted to the outside. Therefore, ventilation efficiency can be improved.

Further, the air conditioner has an indoor unit and an outdoor unit connected by a heat medium circuit, and the heat medium circuit includes a first refrigerant pipe for sending refrigerant from the outdoor unit to the indoor unit, When the second refrigerant pipe for sending the refrigerant to the outdoor unit and the third refrigerant pipe for sending the refrigerant from the outdoor air conditioner to the outdoor unit are provided, the air conditioner and the outdoor air conditioner can be integrated with a simple pipe structure. be able to.

With the above configuration, first, during cooling operation, the refrigerant that has become a low-temperature liquid in the pressure reducer of the outdoor unit is sent to the indoor unit through the first refrigerant pipe to cool the heat exchanger of the indoor unit. Part of the refrigerant that has cooled the heat exchanger of the indoor unit is sent to the outside air conditioner through the second refrigerant pipe to cool the heat exchanger of the outside air conditioner. After that, the refrigerant returns to the outdoor unit again through the third refrigerant pipe, becomes a low-temperature liquid in the decompressor, and is sent to the first refrigerant pipe. By repeating this cycle, the heat exchangers of the indoor unit and the outdoor air conditioner are efficiently cooled, promoting ventilation of the large-scale space and keeping the indoor temperature of the large-scale space at the target temperature.

On the other hand, during heating operation, the cycle is opposite to that during cooling operation described above. That is, the refrigerant that has become a high-temperature gas in the outdoor unit is sent to the outdoor air conditioner through the third refrigerant pipe, and the heat of the refrigerant warms the heat exchanger of the outdoor air conditioner. Furthermore, the refrigerant is sent to the indoor unit through the second refrigerant pipe, warms the heat exchanger of the indoor unit, returns to the outdoor unit through the first refrigerant pipe, becomes a high-temperature gas in the compressor, and becomes a third It is sent to the refrigerant piping. By repeating this cycle, the heat exchangers of the indoor unit and the outdoor air conditioner are efficiently warmed, promoting ventilation of the large-scale space and maintaining the temperature of the large-scale space at the target temperature.

In addition, the arena area including the floor area is formed on the lower floors, and radiant panels are installed to air-condition the arena area, and the radiant panels have a height from the floor area to the upper floors. However, if they are installed around the entire circumference of the wall surface, it is possible to keep the arena area, which is the activity area of the facility users, at a comfortable temperature at all times.

In addition, since the radiant panel does not generate airflow, even when playing games that are easily affected by airflow in the arena (such as badminton and table tennis), the entire arena is kept at a suitable temperature without being affected by airflow. can be kept at

In addition, the upper floor is a stepped stand that slopes downward from the wall on the back side toward the front side. When the outside air conditioner is installed in the rear passage, the outside air can be supplied from the rear passage toward the front side, so that the outside air can be circulated throughout the large-scale space.

In order to achieve the above object, the ventilation system of the present invention has an atrium structure in which the space on the upper floor and the space on the lower floor are continuous, and is a large-scale space surrounded by a floor surface, a ceiling surface, and a wall surface. A ventilation system installed in a facility where a A duct connected to an air supply port, a housing formed with an outside air introduction path leading to the air supply port for supplying outside air introduced from the duct to the introduction port into the large-scale space, and on the path of the heat medium circuit A heat exchanger that is installed and cools or heats the outside air introduced from the inlet, and an air supply fan that is arranged in an air supply chamber in which the air supply port is formed and generates an air flow from the inlet to the air supply port. an outside air conditioner provided on the outside air introduction passage downstream of the heat exchanger and having a supply air filter for purifying the outside air introduced from the introduction port; a wall surface exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position of the wall surface of the lower floor and communicating with the outside; and an exhaust guide path communicating from the floor surface exhaust hole to the wall surface exhaust hole. and a part.

Here, by providing a heat source device having a heat medium circuit in which a refrigerant circulates, for example, by incorporating a heat exchanger of an outside air conditioner described later in a heat medium circuit of an air conditioner or a cooling water circulation device as a heat source device, The outside air introduced into the outside air conditioner can be heat-exchanged and then supplied to a large-scale space.

In addition, by installing an outside air conditioner installed on the upper floors, it is possible to promote ventilation in the large space by supplying the outside air introduced into the outside air conditioner to the large space.

In addition, the outside air conditioner is connected to a duct connected to an air supply hole formed at a predetermined position on the wall surface of the upper floor, and the outside air introduced from the duct to the inlet is connected to the air supply port that supplies the large space. By having the housing in which the outside air introduction path is formed, the outside air can be introduced into the housing of the outside air conditioner through the duct connected to the wall surface of the facility in which the large-scale space is formed.

In addition, since the outside air conditioner has a heat exchanger installed on the path of the heat medium circuit and cooling or heating the outside air introduced from the inlet, the heat medium supplied in conjunction with the operation of the heat source device Since the outside air introduced into the outside air conditioner is heat-exchanged and the outside air after the heat exchange can be supplied to the large-scale space, it is possible to keep the temperature of the large-scale space at an appropriate temperature.

Further, the outside air conditioner has an air supply fan arranged in the air supply chamber in which the air supply port is formed and generates an air flow from the introduction port toward the air supply port, thereby introducing more outside air into the housing. Therefore, it is possible to promote ventilation in a large-scale space.

In addition, the outside air conditioner has an air supply filter that is arranged on the outside air introduction passage and downstream of the heat exchanger and cleans the outside air introduced from the introduction port, so that the outside air introduced into the housing is Contaminants and other impurities that are trapped in the air can be captured, and fresh outside air can always be supplied to the large-scale space.

In order to achieve the above object, the ventilation method of the present invention is a large-scale space surrounded by a floor surface, a ceiling surface, and a wall surface. A ventilation method in a facility in which is formed, comprising a step of circulating a refrigerant from a heat source device through a heat medium circuit, and a heat exchanger installed at a predetermined position on the upper floor and on the path of the heat medium circuit a step of supplying outside air introduced from an inlet of an outside air conditioner having a container to the large-scale space from an air supply port after passing through the heat exchanger; A step of exhausting air from a floor exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position on a floor surface, and forming the inside air exhausted from the floor exhaust hole at a predetermined position on the wall surface of the lower floor through an exhaust guideway. a step of exhausting air from wall exhaust holes communicating with the outdoors.

Here, as the ventilation method, by providing a step of circulating the refrigerant from the heat source device through the heat medium circuit, the refrigerant passes through the heat exchanger of the outside air conditioner and circulates through the heat medium circuit, so that the heat of the outside air conditioner The exchanger can be cooled or heated.

In addition, outside air introduced from an inlet of an outside air conditioner having a heat exchanger installed at a predetermined position on the upper floors and having a heat exchanger installed on the path of the heat medium circuit is supplied after passing through the heat exchanger. By providing the step of supplying air from the mouth toward the large-scale space, ventilation of the large-scale space can be promoted.

In addition, the outside air introduced from the inlet passes through the heat exchanger, and the outside air introduced into the outside air conditioner is heated or cooled by exchanging heat with the heat exchanger. Air is supplied to the large-scale space from the air supply port. Therefore, for example, when an air conditioner is used as a heat source device, the operating load of the air conditioner is reduced because the operation time of the air conditioner until reaching the set target temperature of the air conditioner is short. be able to.

In addition, by providing a step of exhausting the internal air in the large-scale space from the floor surface exhaust holes formed at predetermined positions on the floor surface, the internal air circulating in the large-scale space can be exhausted from the floor surface exhaust holes. , can promote the ventilation of large-scale space.

Further, by providing a step of exhausting the inside air exhausted from the floor surface exhaust hole from the wall surface exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position of the wall surface portion of the lower floor and communicating with the outside through the exhaust guideway, the floor surface exhaust hole The exhausted inside air can be exhausted to the outside through the wall exhaust holes through the exhaust guide path. Therefore, the amount of air supplied and the amount of exhausted air are uniform, and the large-scale space is always ventilated by exchanging fresh air.

　According to the ventilation system and ventilation method of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently ventilate the user's active area in an indoor facility with a large space and realize a comfortable environment.

1 is a schematic diagram of a facility to which a ventilation system according to an embodiment of the invention is applied; FIG. It is a front perspective view showing the internal structure of the outside air conditioner. It is a side view which shows the internal structure of an outside air conditioner. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an installation state of the outdoor air conditioner in a room; FIG. 4 shows a heat carrier circuit of the ventilation system; 1 is a plan view of a facility to which a ventilation system according to an embodiment of the invention is applied; FIG.

A ventilation system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an outside air conditioner that supplies outside air to a large-scale space, a heat source device that is connected to the outside air conditioner via a heat medium circuit, and the outside air that is supplied to the large-scale space. It mainly consists of an exhaust section that exhausts the air to the outside. Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a facility 1 in which the ventilation system of the present invention is installed. The facility 1 has a large-scale space S consisting of an atrium structure in which the space on the upper floor and the space on the lower floor are continuous. For example, the gymnasium has an arena section 11 (lower floor) for sports competitions, performances, musical performances, etc., and a stand section 12 (upper floor) for accommodating spectators provided around the arena section 11.

Here, the facility 1 to which the ventilation system of the present invention is applied does not necessarily have to be a gymnasium having a structure as shown in FIG. It is not particularly limited as long as it is a facility with a large-scale space consisting of an atrium structure that is continuous with the space. Is possible.

In the facility 1, a large-scale space S is formed by a floor surface portion 13, a wall surface portion 14, and a ceiling surface portion 15. In the arena section 11 which is the lower floor, a height of 3 is provided so as to surround the entire circumference of the arena section 11. An internal wall surface 16 of about 4 meters is provided. On the front surface of the inner wall surface 16 , a radiant panel 8 , which is an air conditioner whose target area is mainly the arena section 11 , is installed along the entire circumference of the arena section 11 .

The radiation type panel 8 has a height from the floor surface 13 to the stand 12 which is the upper floor, and has a diameter of about 6 cm and is made of aluminum with excellent heat conductivity. The cooling water sent from the outdoor unit (not shown) circulates inside, and heat is exchanged by static heat radiation action without blowing air from a fan or the like. It is an air conditioner that can

Here, it is not always necessary to install the radiant panel 8 as an air conditioner for the arena section 11 . For example, floor-standing packaged air conditioners may be installed at regular intervals along the circumferential direction of the arena section 11 . However, by using the radiant panel 8 as an air conditioner for the arena section 11, when a game such as badminton or table tennis in which the influence of air blowing is not negligible is performed in the arena section 11, the static heat radiation effect It is preferable to employ a radiant panel 8 for heat exchange.

A stand portion 12 as an upper floor is installed above the inner wall surface 16, and the stand portion 12 is inclined downward toward the arena portion 11 side and has a stepped shape so that the entire arena portion 11 can be overlooked. is formed in

A handrail for fall prevention is installed across a front passage 17 at the front of the front row of the stand portion 12 , and a rear passage 18 is provided behind the stand portion 12 . In the rear passage 18, an outside air conditioner 2 for supplying outside air to the large-scale space S and a package air conditioner 3, which is an air conditioner whose target area is mainly the stand portion 12, are installed.

The outdoor air conditioner 2 is installed indoors, and includes a heat exchanger 22, an air supply filter 23, and an air supply fan 24 inside a housing 21. The detailed structure of the outdoor air conditioner 2 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. FIG.

Here, the outdoor air conditioner 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not necessarily limited to the indoor installation type described in detail below. type, or a natural air supply type that does not have a forced air supply device such as a fan.

The housing 21 is erected on a base 27 made of stainless steel installed on the installation surface, and is formed of a heat-insulating panel in the shape of a substantially rectangular prism that is vertically long. An inlet 211 for introducing the outside air A is formed on the lower side of one side of the housing 21, and an air supply port 214 for supplying the outside air A introduced from the inlet 211 toward the room is formed on the upper side. It is Although the internal structure of the outdoor air conditioner 2 cannot be visually recognized from the outside, for convenience of explanation, FIGS.

Here, the housing 21 does not necessarily have to be made up of heat insulating panels. However, by configuring the housing 21 with heat insulating panels, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the housing 21, and to prevent malfunctions caused by dew condensation in each device housed inside the housing 21. can be prevented.

Also, the housing 21 does not necessarily have to be installed via the base 27 with respect to the installation surface. However, by installing the housing 21 on the base 27, there is no need to adjust the horizontal position or the vertical position of the housing 21 with respect to the installation surface. become a thing. In addition, since the horizontal position and vertical position of the housing 21 can be maintained, for example, the air supply fan 24, which will be described later, can be properly driven, and the condensed water from the heat exchanger 22 is discharged vertically downward. can be made

Also, the material of the base 27 does not have to be stainless steel. However, by forming the base 27 from a stainless steel material, the surface is prevented from being stained and is less likely to be scratched, resulting in a good external appearance.

Also, the shape of the housing 21 does not necessarily have to be a substantially quadrangular prism. It may have a shape such as a prism other than a quadrangular prism or a cylinder.

The inlet 211 is connected by a duct 4 to a through hole 5 formed in the wall surface 14 near the rear passage 18 of the upper floor where the outdoor air conditioner 2 is installed, and fresh outdoor air A is always supplied to the housing through the duct 4. It is adapted to be introduced inside the body 21 .

A mesh inlet filter 25 is installed in the inlet 211 . The inlet filter 25 is a filter for trapping substances having relatively large particle diameters, such as insects and dust, which mainly enter the inside of the housing 21 together with the outside air A. As shown in FIG.

Here, it is not always necessary to install the inlet filter 25. However, by installing the inlet filter 25, as described above, it is possible to keep the inside of the housing 21 clean, and the inside of the housing 21 can be kept clean. It is possible to prevent failures caused by insects and dust entering various devices that are connected to the device.

In addition, the inlet filter 25 may have deodorizing and antibacterial functions by applying a predetermined coating to the filter, in addition to the purpose of preventing insects and dust. Furthermore, the mesh shape and mesh size of the inlet filter 25 can also be appropriately changed according to the purpose.

Inside the housing 21 , an outside air introduction path 216 is formed along the vertical direction of the housing 21 for guiding the outside air A introduced from the introduction port 211 to the air supply port 214 . The crossing angle between the direction in which the outside air A is introduced and the axial direction of the outside air introduction passage 216 is approximately 90 degrees. The outside air introduction passage 216 is partitioned by a partition plate 28 into a first partitioned chamber R1 on the upstream side (introduction port 211 side) and a second partitioned chamber R2 on the downstream side (air supply port 214 side). An opening 29 is formed in the approximate center of the partition plate 28, and the first partitioned chamber R1 and the second partitioned chamber R2 are communicated in both directions through the opening 29. A heat exchanger 22, which will be described later, is installed so as to face the first compartment R1.

Here, it is not always necessary to have the partition plate 28. However, by partitioning the outside air introduction path 216 into the first compartment R1 and the second compartment R2 by the partition plate 28, the entire amount of the outside air A introduced from the introduction port 211 is heated by the heat exchanger 22. It can be exchanged and flowed into the second compartment R2. Also, the outside air A introduced into the first compartment R1 from the inlet 211 collides with the partition plate 28 to change the direction of flow, and the outside air A is brought into a turbulent state in the first compartment R1. be able to. The turbulent outside air A can further promote heat exchange by the heat exchanger 22 installed in the first compartment R1.

The heat exchanger 22 can exchange heat with the outside air A introduced into the inlet 211. The heat transfer tube 221 has a meandering shape in which straight portions and folded portions are alternately continuous, and the heat transfer tube 221 It is a so-called fin tube type consisting of a plurality of fins 222 intersecting with each other.

The heat exchanger 22 is fixed to the partition plate 28 via known fixing means such as a mounting stay so that the main body portion composed of the heat transfer tubes 221 and the fins 222 corresponds to the opening hole 29 of the partition plate 28. . As shown in FIG. 3, the heat exchanger 22 is positioned at approximately 65 degrees (approximately 25 degrees with respect to the horizontal axis) toward the introduction port 211 with respect to the vertical axis direction of the housing 21 (the axial direction of the outside air introduction passage 216). is fixed inside the housing 21 so as to have an inclination angle of .

Here, the heat exchanger 22 does not necessarily have to be fixed so that the main body including the heat transfer tubes 221 and the fins 222 corresponds to the opening 29 of the partition plate 28 . However, by installing the main body of the heat exchanger 22 so as to correspond to the opening holes 29 of the partition plate 28, the outside air A heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 22 passes through the opening formed in the main body to the opening holes 29. Therefore, the efficiency of inflow of outside air A from the first compartment R1 to the second compartment R2 can be enhanced.

Also, the heat exchanger 22 does not necessarily need to be installed on the first compartment R1 side. However, by installing the heat exchanger 22 on the first compartment R1 side, the entire amount of the outside air A can be heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 22, and all of the condensed water dripping from the heat exchanger 22 can be removed. Since the condensed water is dripped onto the water receiving portion 261, which will be described later, the condensed water does not accumulate inside the housing 21, and malfunctions of the internal devices caused by the condensed water can be prevented.

Also, the heat exchanger 22 does not necessarily have to be installed at a predetermined angle of inclination with respect to the vertical axis direction of the housing 21 . However, by installing the heat exchanger 22 so as to have a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the vertical axis direction of the housing 21, the heat exchanger 22 can be installed in a limited space. 21 can be prevented from increasing in size.

Further, by installing the heat exchanger 22 at a predetermined inclination angle, it is possible to achieve a rectifying effect for guiding the outside air A introduced from the inlet 211 into a vertically upward flow within the housing 21 . can be done. Further, during the cooling operation of the packaged air conditioner 3, the condensed water adhering to the heat exchanger 22 can be drained smoothly along the inclination of the fins of the heat exchanger 22. - 特許庁As a result, it is possible to prevent stagnation due to the surface tension of condensed water and water droplets from narrowing the air circulation portion of the heat exchanger 22 and stagnation of the air flow.

Also, the installation angle of the heat exchanger 22 with respect to the vertical axis direction is not necessarily limited to approximately 65 degrees on the introduction port 211 side. It suffices if the entire amount of the outside air A introduced from the inlet 211 can be efficiently passed through the heat exchanger 22. can be changed as appropriate within the range of the inclination angle.

The heat exchanger 22 has a first inlet/outlet pipe 223 and a second inlet/outlet pipe 224 connected to the heat transfer pipes 221 . The ends of the first inlet/outlet pipe 223 and the second inlet/outlet pipe 224 protrude outside the housing 21, and the second refrigerant pipe 332 in the heat medium circuit 33 connected to the packaged air conditioner 3 via a joint, and It can be connected to and removed from the third refrigerant pipe 333 .

With the above configuration, the heat exchanger 22 circulates the refrigerant supplied from the outdoor unit 32 of the packaged air conditioner 3 through the heat medium circuit 33, and can exchange heat with the outside air A. ing. The supply of this refrigerant starts when the packaged air conditioner 3 starts operating, and stops when the packaged air conditioner 3 stops operating. That is, since the heat exchanger 22 is operated in conjunction with the operation of the package air conditioner 3, it has a structure that does not require a separate new power source.

Therefore, for example, when the package air conditioner 3 is in cooling operation, the outside air A introduced from the inlet 211 of the outside air conditioner 2 is cooled to a predetermined temperature by the heat exchanger 22, and the cooled outside air A is Air is supplied from the air supply port 214 . Therefore, the operating time of the packaged air conditioner 3 until reaching the set target temperature of the packaged air conditioner 3 is shortened, and the operating load of the packaged air conditioner 3 can be reduced.

Further, when the packaged air conditioner 3 is in a heating operation, the outside air A introduced from the inlet 211 of the outside air conditioner 2 is heated to a predetermined temperature by the heat exchanger 22, and the heated outside air A is supplied. Air is supplied from the air port 214 . Therefore, as in the cooling operation, the operation time of the packaged air conditioner 3 until reaching the set target temperature of the packaged air conditioner 3 is shortened, and the operating load of the packaged air conditioner 3 can be reduced.

Furthermore, when the package air conditioner 3 is stopped, the outside air A is supplied from the air supply port 22 without being cooled or heated by the heat exchanger 22 . As described above, the outside air A supplied from the outside air conditioner 2 is supplied to the large-scale space S after being controlled to an appropriate temperature according to the operation mode of the package air conditioner 3. can be kept constant at all times.

The air supply filter 23 is a filter device for purifying the outside air by trapping contaminants (pollen and PM2.5) contained in the outside air introduced from the inlet 211 . Similarly to the heat exchanger 22, the air supply filter 23 is inclined at a predetermined angle (approximately 45° ) on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 22 and in the second compartment R2.

Here, the air supply filter 23 does not necessarily have to be installed at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the vertical axis direction of the housing 21 . However, by installing the air supply filter 23 at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the vertical axis direction of the housing 21, the air supply filter 23 can be installed in a limited space. can prevent erosion.

Further, the installation angle of the air supply filter 23 with respect to the vertical axis direction is not necessarily limited to approximately 45 degrees on the introduction port 211 side. can be efficiently passed through the air supply filter 23, for example, the inclination angle can be changed appropriately in the range of about 30 degrees to 60 degrees toward the inlet 211 side with respect to the vertical axis direction of the housing 21. can be done.

The inlet filter 25 described above is a filter intended to trap relatively large particle size substances (insects and dust) contained in the outside air A, but the inlet filter 23 traps The mesh size of the filter is smaller than that of the inlet filter 25 because it is intended to capture fine particles that cannot be filtered.

An air supply chamber 212 is formed by a ceiling plate 213 in the upper part of the housing 21 . A communication hole (not numbered) is formed in the ceiling plate 213 so that the outside air A can communicate between the outside air introduction path 216 and the air supply chamber 212 . In addition, on the side surface of the air supply chamber 212, an air supply port 214 for blowing out the outside air A toward the room is formed at a total of three locations, the front side and the left and right side sides of the side surface of the housing. The outside air A introduced into the body 21 can be supplied from the air supply port 214 in three directions. A plurality of wind direction plates 215 are installed at the air supply port 214 at predetermined intervals.

Here, the wind direction plate 215 does not necessarily have to be installed. However, by installing the wind direction plate 215, the directivity of the outside air A at the time of air supply can be improved, so that the outside air A can easily spread throughout the large-scale space S, and the room can be ventilated in a short time. .

An air supply fan 24 is installed in the air supply chamber 212 to generate an air flow from the introduction port 211 to the air supply port 214 along the outside air introduction path 216 . The air supply fan 24 includes fan blades 243 , a motor (not shown) for driving the fan blades 243 , a main body 241 housing the fan blades 243 and the motor, and a nozzle 244 connected to the main body 241 . ing.

The fan blades 243 are configured such that, for example, the sirocco fan, the wind tunnel surrounding the sirocco fan, and the casing can be separated, so that the sirocco fan that needs to be replaced periodically can be easily replaced. ing.

A main body 241 of the air supply fan 24 is suspended from the ceiling surface of the housing 21 by a fixing bracket 242, and is connected to a switch for turning on the power to the motor and a controller for setting the rotation speed of the motor. When the power is turned on by operating the switch, the motor rotates at the rotation speed set by the controller 246, and the fan blades 243 connected to the motor are driven.

Due to the rotation of the fan blades 243, an airflow is generated in the housing 21 from the introduction port 211 toward the air supply port 214 in the arrow direction in FIG. As a result, a large amount of outside air A can be introduced from the introduction port 211 to the outside air introduction path 216, and the outside air A can be further supplied from the air supply port 214 toward the room. Therefore, the indoor air can be replaced in a short time.

The number of rotations of the motor is set to approximately 2200 to 2300 rpm in normal operation, but is not limited to this. Based on the number of installed outdoor air conditioners 2, etc., it is possible to appropriately change so as to obtain the required ventilation volume.

A drain section 26 is installed vertically below the heat exchanger 22 to receive condensed water generated in the heat exchanger 22 and discharge it to the outside of the outside air conditioner 2 . The drain portion 26 includes a water receiving portion 261 for receiving condensed water dripped from the heat exchanger 22, a trap portion 263 for storing the condensed water dripped into the water receiving portion 261, and guiding the water from the water receiving portion 261 to the trap portion 263. It is composed of a drainage channel 262 for

A drain hole 264 communicating with a drainage channel 262 is formed at a predetermined position in the water receiving portion 261, and a slope having a predetermined inclination angle is formed toward the drain hole 264. Therefore, all of the condensed water dripped onto the water receiving portion 261 is drained from the drain hole 264 to the drainage channel 262 through the slope.

The trap part 263 is installed on the side surface of the housing 21 and has a predetermined volume for temporarily storing the condensed water drained through the drainage channel 262 . The trap portion 263 has an operation portion that can open and close a discharge hole (not shown) by, for example, pushing and pulling operations. Condensed water can be discharged outside the machine.

One of the sides of the housing has a door structure that can be opened and closed, and at the time of maintenance of the outdoor air conditioner 2, opening the door makes it easy to repair the equipment inside and replace parts. It is possible to do

Also, when the outdoor air conditioner 2 is installed in the rear passage 18, it may be connected to a fixed object 6 such as a pillar with a connecting member 7, as shown in FIG. By connecting the external air conditioner 2 to a fixed object with the connecting member 7 in this way, the fixation of the outdoor air conditioner 2 becomes strong, and the safety can be ensured by preventing the external air conditioner 2 from overturning in the event of an earthquake.

The packaged air conditioner 3 has an indoor unit 31 installed in the rear passage 18 of the stand part 12 and an outdoor unit 32 installed outdoors. there is As shown in FIG. 5, the heat medium circuit 33 is composed of a first refrigerant circuit 331, a second refrigerant circuit 332, and a third refrigerant circuit 333. are directly connected by the refrigerant circuit of Also, as described above, the indoor unit 31 and the outdoor air conditioner 2 are connected by the second refrigerant pipe 332 , and the outdoor air conditioner 2 and the outdoor unit 32 are connected by the third refrigerant circuit 333 .

Here, the package air conditioner 3 does not necessarily have to consist of the indoor unit 31 and the outdoor unit 32. As long as the package air conditioner 3 has the heat medium circuit 33, for example, a package air conditioner without the outdoor unit 32 can be installed.

Also, the heat exchanger 22 of the outdoor air conditioner 2 does not necessarily have to be connected to the heat medium circuit 33 of the packaged air conditioner 3 . For example, it may be connected to a heat medium circuit (not shown) of the radiation panel 8, or may be connected to a heat medium circuit of a separately provided cooling water circulation device. As described above, the heat source device connected to the heat exchanger 22 is not particularly limited.

Next, the configuration of the exhaust section 9 will be described. The exhaust part 9 is composed of a floor surface exhaust hole 91 , a wall surface exhaust hole 92 and an exhaust guide path 93 . First, the floor surface exhaust holes 91 are formed in the floor surface portion 13 of the facility 1 along the inner wall surface 16 at regular intervals. Further, the wall surface portion 14 is formed with wall surface exhaust holes 92 communicating with the outside corresponding to the number of the floor surface exhaust holes 91 . The floor exhaust hole 91 and the wall surface exhaust hole 92 are in communication with each other through an exhaust guide path 93, and the inside air of the large-scale space S flowing into the floor exhaust hole 91 is installed in the exhaust guide path 93. The air is forcibly exhausted to the outside of the facility 1 through the wall exhaust hole 92 through the exhaust air blower 94 .

As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the outside air A is forcibly supplied to the large-scale space S by the outside air conditioner 2, and the outside air A supplied to the large-scale space S is supplied by the exhaust blower 94. A type 1 ventilation system is adopted in which the air is forcibly exhausted outdoors.

Here, it is not always necessary to provide the installation position of the exhaust air blower 94 in the exhaust guide path 93 . For example, it may be provided at a predetermined position of either the floor surface exhaust hole 91 or the wall surface exhaust hole 92 .

In addition, it is not always necessary to install the exhaust blower 94 in the exhaust unit 9, and while the air supply side is forcibly supplied by the outside air conditioner 2, the exhaust side is naturally exhausted. may be adopted.

Next, the layout of the ventilation system within the facility 1 will be explained based on the plan view of the facility 1 shown in FIG. When the outside air conditioner 2 and the package air conditioner 3 are used as a set of air supply units, as shown in FIG. there is At this time, the positional relationship between the air supply unit and the floor surface exhaust hole 91 formed along the floor surface portion 13 of the arena section 11 is such that the floor surface exhaust hole 91 is positioned on the center line of the adjacent air supply unit. It's becoming

Here, the positional relationship between the air supply unit and the floor exhaust holes 91 does not necessarily have to be the layout described above. However, by arranging the floor surface exhaust holes 91 on the center line of the adjacent air supply units in plan view, the outside air A supplied from the outside air conditioner 2 is most efficiently discharged from the floor surface exhaust holes 91. be able to.

In the facility 1 to which the ventilation system configured as described above is applied, the flow of air in the large-scale space S will be explained based on FIGS. 1 and 6. FIG. First, outside air A is supplied toward the arena section 11 from the outside air conditioner 2 installed in the rear passage 18 of the stand section 12 on the upper floor. At this time, the temperature and humidity of the outside air A are adjusted by passing through the heat exchanger 22 of the outside air conditioner 2 . The outside air A is divided into a horizontal flow directed toward the upper space of the stand portion 12 and an obliquely downward flow directed toward the floor exhaust hole 91 along the stand portion 12 by the diffusion effect. Of these, the obliquely downward flow along the stand portion 12 is quickly exhausted to the outside through the floor exhaust holes 91 together with contaminants including exhaled air generated in the stand portion 11, for example.

Further, when the outside air conditioners 2 are provided at positions facing each other, among the flows of the outside air A supplied from each of the outside air conditioners 2, the horizontal flows F1 and F2 are large. Collision near the approximate center of the scale space S. After that, the direction of the outside air A changes vertically downward, and the outside air A that has reached the floor portion 13 forms a flow toward the floor surface exhaust hole 91 due to the negative pressure effect of the exhaust blower 94 . At this time, the contaminants generated in the arena section 11 are combined with the outside air A flowing from the upper layer, and are quickly exhausted to the outside through the floor exhaust holes 91 .

In this way, a symmetrical circulation flow is formed with the center of the large-scale space S as the boundary. Contaminants in the arena section 11 are quickly exhausted to the outside by this circulating flow, and fresh outside air A is constantly supplied from the outside air conditioner 2 . Therefore, the average concentration of contaminants in the large-scale space S is suppressed to a low value.

Furthermore, air containing contaminants including exhaled air in the arena section 11 is constantly supplied as fresh air under pressure downward from the upper part of the arena section 11 toward the floor section 13, and the effect of instantaneous uniform diffusion is utilized. , Since the air flows toward the floor surface exhaust hole 91, it suppresses the floating of micro droplets etc. when using the arena section 11, making it an effective ventilation system for infection prevention measures in the large-scale space S. .

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the ventilation device and the ventilation method according to the present invention can efficiently ventilate the user's active area in an indoor facility having a large space and realize a comfortable environment. .

1 Facility 11 Arena Section 12 Stand Section 13 Floor Section 14 Wall Section 15 Ceiling Section 16 Internal Wall Section 17 Front Passage 18 Rear Passage 2 Outside Air Conditioner 21 Case 211 Inlet 212 Air Supply Chamber 213 Ceiling Panel 214 Air Supply Port 215 Wind Direction Plate 216 outside air introduction path 217 communication hole 22 heat exchanger 221 heat transfer tube 222 fin 223 first inlet/outlet pipe 224 second inlet/outlet pipe 23 air supply filter 24 air supply fan 241 main body 242 fixture 243 fan blade 244 nozzle 25 inlet Filter 26 Drain part 261 Water receiving part 262 Drainage channel 263 Trap part 264 Drain hole 27 Base 28 Partition plate 29 Opening hole 3 Packaged air conditioner 31 Indoor unit 32 Outdoor unit 33 Heat medium circuit 331 First refrigerant pipe 332 Second refrigerant Pipe 333 Third refrigerant pipe 4 Duct 5 Through hole 6 Fixed object 7 Connecting member 8 Radiation panel 9 Exhaust part 91 Floor exhaust hole 92 Wall exhaust hole 93 Exhaust guide path 94 Exhaust blower

Claims

A ventilation system installed in a facility having an atrium structure in which the space on the upper floor and the space on the lower floor are continuous, and in which a large-scale space surrounded by a floor surface, a ceiling surface, and a wall surface is formed,
a heat source device having a heat medium circuit in which a refrigerant circulates;
A housing installed at a predetermined position on the upper floor and formed with an outside air introduction path leading to an air supply port for supplying outside air introduced from the introduction port to the large-scale space, on the path of the heat medium circuit an outside air conditioner having a heat exchanger installed to cool or heat the outside air introduced from the inlet;
A floor surface exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position on the floor surface, a wall surface exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position on the wall surface portion of the lower floor and communicating with the outside, and the floor surface exhaust hole communicating with the wall surface exhaust hole. a ventilation system comprising an exhaust section configured with an exhaust guideway for
The heat source device is an air conditioner that is installed on the upper floor and air-conditions a predetermined area of the upper floor,
2. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the outside air conditioner and the air conditioner form a set of air supply units, and the air supply units are arranged side by side at predetermined intervals.
3. The ventilation system according to claim 2, wherein the floor exhaust hole is positioned on the center line of the adjacent air supply unit in plan view of the large-scale space.
The air conditioner has an indoor unit and an outdoor unit connected by the heat medium circuit,
The heat medium circuit is
a first refrigerant pipe that sends refrigerant from the outdoor unit to the indoor unit;
a second refrigerant pipe that sends refrigerant from the indoor unit to the outdoor air conditioner;
4. The ventilation system according to claim 2, further comprising a third refrigerant pipe that sends refrigerant from the outdoor air conditioner to the outdoor unit.
An arena section including the floor section is formed on the lower floor, and a radiant panel is installed to air-condition the arena section,
5. The ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the radiant panel has a height from the floor surface to the upper floor, and is installed along the entire circumference of the wall surface. .
The upper floor is a stepped stand portion that slopes downward from the wall surface portion on the back side toward the front side,
A front passage is formed on the front side of the stand portion, and a rear passage is formed on the back side thereof,
The ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the outside air conditioner is installed in the back passage.
A ventilation system installed in a facility having an atrium structure in which the space on the upper floor and the space on the lower floor are continuous, and in which a large-scale space surrounded by a floor surface, a ceiling surface, and a wall surface is formed,
a heat source device having a heat medium circuit in which a refrigerant circulates;
A duct installed on the upper floor and connected to an air supply hole formed at a predetermined position on the wall surface of the upper floor, and a supply for supplying outside air introduced from the duct to an inlet into the large-scale space. A housing in which an outside air introduction passage leading to an air port is formed, a heat exchanger installed on the path of the heat medium circuit and cooling or heating the outside air introduced from the introduction port, and an air supply in which the air supply port is formed. An air supply fan disposed in an air chamber and generating an air flow directed from the inlet to the air supply port, and disposed on the outside air introduction path downstream of the heat exchanger and introduced from the inlet. an outside air conditioner having a supply air filter that purifies the
A floor surface exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position on the floor surface, a wall surface exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position on the wall surface portion of the lower floor and communicating with the outside, and the floor surface exhaust hole communicating with the wall surface exhaust hole. a ventilation system comprising an exhaust section configured with an exhaust guideway that
A ventilation method in a facility having an atrium structure in which the space on the upper floor and the space on the lower floor are continuous, and in which a large-scale space surrounded by a floor surface, a ceiling surface, and a wall surface is formed,
a step of circulating a refrigerant from a heat source device through a heat medium circuit;
Outside air introduced from an inlet of an outside air conditioner installed at a predetermined position on the upper floor and having a heat exchanger installed on the path of the heat medium circuit is supplied after passing through the heat exchanger. a step of supplying air from the vent toward the large-scale space;
a step of exhausting internal air in the large-scale space from a floor exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position of the floor;
a step of exhausting the inside air exhausted from the floor surface exhaust hole through an exhaust guideway from a wall surface exhaust hole formed at a predetermined position of the wall surface portion of the lower floor and communicating with the outside.