WO2023036303A1 - 一种振动装置、骨传导耳机、可穿戴设备及智能硬件设备 - Google Patents

一种振动装置、骨传导耳机、可穿戴设备及智能硬件设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023036303A1
WO2023036303A1 PCT/CN2022/118149 CN2022118149W WO2023036303A1 WO 2023036303 A1 WO2023036303 A1 WO 2023036303A1 CN 2022118149 W CN2022118149 W CN 2022118149W WO 2023036303 A1 WO2023036303 A1 WO 2023036303A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
coil
vibration device
magnetic part
installation
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PCT/CN2022/118149
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈娟
曹洪斌
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苏州索迩电子技术有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202111063993.3A external-priority patent/CN113873381A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111062238.3A external-priority patent/CN113904479B/zh
Application filed by 苏州索迩电子技术有限公司 filed Critical 苏州索迩电子技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023036303A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023036303A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of vibration technology, in particular to a vibration device, a bone conduction earphone, a wearable device and an intelligent hardware device.
  • Vibrating devices such as bone conduction sounding devices for vibrating sound and linear vibration motors for providing vibration feedback, etc., usually include a housing and a vibrator, a coil, and a shrapnel all arranged in the housing.
  • the coil is used to drive the vibrator to vibrate.
  • the shrapnel is connected between the vibrator and the shell, and can drive the vibrator to reset.
  • the vibration device has the following defects: First, in order to improve the magnetic force of the vibrator, the vibrator is set to include a plurality of magnets, and two adjacent magnets are separated by a magnetic conductor. Such a structure increases the number of parts, It makes the assembly more difficult, the accuracy of the assembly is poor, and the vibrator is easily in contact with the coil when vibrating, which affects the reliability of the vibrating device. Second, the existing vibrating device is usually only provided with shrapnel at one end of the vibrator, which makes the vibrating device The stability is poor when vibrating, it is easy to swing left and right in the length direction, and the phenomenon of rolling vibration occurs, resulting in nonlinear vibration of the vibration system. The vibrator touches other parts and causes noise. For bone conduction sounding devices, it is easy to cause sound distortion and increase. big.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a vibrating device, bone conduction earphone, wearable device and intelligent hardware device.
  • the assembling of the vibrating device is more convenient and the assembly accuracy is easier to ensure.
  • the present invention proposes a vibrating device, comprising:
  • an electromagnetic driver including a coil connected to the housing
  • a vibrator including a magnetic part movably arranged in the housing and an elastic part connected between the magnetic part and the housing, and the coil is wound around the outside of the magnetic part;
  • the magnetic part includes at least two magnet parts and a non-magnetic part located between two adjacent magnet parts.
  • the magnetic component is a part.
  • the coil is arranged corresponding to the non-magnetic part, and the thickness of the coil is the same as that of the non-magnetic part; or,
  • the thickness of the coil is greater than that of the non-magnetic part, and both ends of the coil extend to the outer peripheries of two magnet parts adjacent to the non-magnetic part.
  • the magnetic poles of the magnet part and the non-magnetic part are arranged along the axis of the magnetic part, and the two adjacent magnetic poles of the two adjacent magnet parts have the same polarity.
  • the gap between the magnetic part and the coil is 0.05-0.6 mm.
  • the thickness of the non-magnetic portion is above 0.3 mm.
  • the number of the elastic member is two, and the two elastic members are respectively connected to two ends of the magnetic member.
  • the elastic member includes a first installation part, a second installation part surrounding the outer periphery of the first installation part, and an arm part connected between the first installation part and the second installation part, wherein , the first installation part is connected with the magnetic part, and the second installation part is connected with the housing.
  • the magnetic part is connected to the first installation part, and the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic part does not exceed the outer peripheral surface of the first installation part; or,
  • a spacer plate is connected between the magnetic member and the first installation portion, and the outer peripheral surface of the spacer plate does not exceed the outer peripheral surface of the first installation portion.
  • the vibrating device further includes a first cover and a second cover connected to both ends of the housing, and the first cover and the second cover are both provided with the movement of the vibrator. Avoid the avoidance cavity of the arm part and the first installation part during the process.
  • the coil is arranged in the inner cavity of the housing or connected to the outside of the housing.
  • the present invention also proposes a bone conduction earphone, including the vibration device described in any one of the above items.
  • the present invention also proposes a wearable device, including the vibration device described in any one of the above items.
  • the present invention also proposes an intelligent hardware device, including the vibration device described in any one of the above items.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the magnetic part is made of magnetic material integrated magnetization. Compared with the original structure that requires multiple magnets to be connected, it is an integrated part with fewer parts, no assembly, and more convenient installation. At the same time, it can achieve higher dimensional accuracy, thereby improving the assembly accuracy with the coil, reducing the risk of contact and collision between the magnetic part and the coil during the vibration process, and higher reliability;
  • the gap between it and the coil can be set smaller, so that the driving force of the coil to the magnetic part is greater, and the sensitivity of the vibration device is higher;
  • both ends of the magnetic member are provided with elastic members, so that the force on both ends of the magnetic member is more symmetrical, the vibrating device can perform linear vibration more stably, and the undesirable phenomenon of rolling vibration is less likely to occur.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the vibration device in the present invention, in which the coil is located inside the casing.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the vibration device shown in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the vibration device in the present invention, in which the coil is arranged outside the casing.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the magnetic part fitted in the coil in the present invention, in which the magnetic part has a non-magnetic area.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic part fitted in the coil in the present invention, in which the magnetic part has two non-magnetic regions.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the magnetic part in the present invention, in which the magnet part and the non-magnetic part of the magnetic part are not symmetrical with respect to the first symmetrical plane.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a magnetization method of the magnetic member in the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic element obtained by the magnetization method in FIG. 7 .
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the elastic member in the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the vibrating device in the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is an exploded view of the vibration device shown in Fig. 10 .
  • a vibrating device corresponding to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1 , an electromagnetic driver connected to the housing 1 , and a vibrator driven by the electromagnetic driver to vibrate.
  • the type of the vibrating device is not limited, for example, it may be the bone conduction sound generating device shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , or the vibration motor shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the housing 1 includes a ring-shaped body 10.
  • the shape of the body 10 is not limited. For example, its cross-sectional shape can be circular, rectangular, or racetrack-shaped.
  • FIG. 2 shows the situation when the body 10 is in the shape of a racetrack.
  • An inner cavity 12 is formed in the body 10 , and the vibrator is installed in the inner cavity 12 .
  • the electromagnetic driver includes a coil 20 , and the coil 20 can be installed inside or outside the inner cavity 12 .
  • the vibrator includes a magnetic piece 30 passing through the coil 20 and at least one elastic piece connected between the magnetic piece 30 and the body 10 of the casing 1 .
  • the coil 20 is used to feed current to drive the vibrator to vibrate. Specifically, after the coil 20 is energized, it will generate an electromagnetic field.
  • the electromagnetic driver may also include a control circuit board electrically connected to the coil 20 to control the current in the coil 20 .
  • the coil 20 is disposed inside the casing 1, and the magnetic member 30 is penetrated in the coil 20, and its shape is adapted to the shape of the inner hole of the coil 20, and is compatible with the coil 20.
  • the coaxial line is arranged and can move along the axis of the coil 20 .
  • the housing 1 further includes a fixing part 11 connected to the body 10, the fixing part 11 protrudes from the body 10 into the inner cavity 12, and the coil 20 is installed on the fixing part 11, and the installation method between the two includes But not limited to bonding, welding and bolting, etc.
  • the shape of the fixing member 11 is not limited. In this embodiment, its shape is consistent with the body 10, and it is also in the shape of a ring (specifically, a racetrack shape). Preferably, the fixing member 11 is in a complete ring shape to improve its contact with the electromagnetic driver area, so that the support of the fixing part 11 to the electromagnetic driving part is more stable. In other embodiments, the fixing member 11 may also be an intermittent ring shape with several gaps.
  • the fixing part 11 can be integrally formed with the body 10 , or can be an independent component connected to the body 10 .
  • a positioning groove 110 is also provided on the fixing member 11, and the shape of the positioning groove 110 is adapted to the shape of the coil 20, so that the coil 20 can be positioned accurately.
  • the position is limited in the positioning groove 110 to improve the installation accuracy of the coil 20 in the inner cavity 12 .
  • the coil 20 can also be arranged outside the housing 1 .
  • the outer surface of the casing 1 is provided with an annular groove 15
  • the coil 20 is arranged in the annular groove 15 and limited by the annular groove 15 .
  • there may be multiple annular grooves 15 and two adjacent annular grooves 15 may be separated by annular bosses 16 .
  • the magnetic part 30 and the coil 20 are separated by the wall part 17 of the casing 1, and the dimensional accuracy of the casing 1 is higher, so the assembly accuracy between the magnetic part 30 and the wall part 17 is easier to control.
  • the magnetic member 30 is formed by integrally magnetizing magnetic materials, such as ferrite, neodymium iron boron, alnico and samarium cobalt.
  • the magnetic part 30 includes at least two magnet parts 300 and a non-magnetic part 301 located between two adjacent magnet parts 300. It can be understood that the magnet part 300 and the non-magnetic part 301 are part of the magnetic part 30 rather than separate Parts, that is to say, the magnetic member 30 is a single part, rather than an assembly formed by connecting two or more parts.
  • Each magnet part 300 includes two magnetic poles, respectively N pole and S pole, and the polarities of the two adjacent magnetic poles of two adjacent magnet parts 300 are the same, which can make the concentration of the magnetic force line approximately pass through the coil vertically 20. After the coil 20 is energized, a greater driving force can be generated, and the driving force and sensitivity of the vibrating device can be improved.
  • a plurality of magnet parts 300 are arranged along the axis of the magnetic part 30, and the non-magnetic part 301 separates two adjacent magnet parts 300, that is, the magnetic poles of the magnet part 300 and the non-magnetic part 301 are all along the axis of the magnetic part 30 Arrange settings.
  • the magnetic part 30 includes at least one non-magnetic part 301 and two magnet parts 300, of course, its number is not limited thereto, for example, as shown in Figure 5, it can have two non-magnetic parts 301 and three magnet parts 300, for There are more non-magnetic parts 301, and so on.
  • the thicknesses of the multiple non-magnetic parts 301 can be the same or different.
  • the thickness of the non-magnetic part 301 is more than 0.3 mm, and its maximum value is smaller than the minimum value of any one magnet part 300 thickness.
  • the boundary between the magnet part 300 and the non-magnetic part 301 will be unclear, which will affect the performance of the magnetic part 30. If it is too large, the magnet part 300 will become smaller accordingly, affecting the magnetic flux and B value.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the magnetic member 30 is not limited, for example, the cross-sectional shape may be a triangle, a circle, a rectangle and the like.
  • the magnet part 300 and the non-magnetic part 301 formed on the magnetic part 30 can be symmetrical or asymmetrical with respect to the geometric symmetry plane 302 of the magnetic part 30 , and FIG. 6 shows an asymmetrical situation.
  • the magnetic part 30 can be formed by the following magnetization method.
  • the magnetic part 30 that needs to be magnetized is called the magnetized part 30a, and the magnetized part 30a becomes the magnetic part 30 after being magnetized.
  • the magnetic part 30 may be, for example, a non-magnetic blank or may be a magnetic part 30 that needs to be magnetized again after its magnetism is weakened. It can be understood that, since the above-mentioned magnetic part 30 is a single part, the part 30 a to be magnetized is also a single part, and forms the magnetic part 30 after being magnetized.
  • the magnetized part 30a (the object shown by the dotted line in the figure) into the magnetically conductive sleeve 6 and the polyurethane sleeve 60, and the position of the polyurethane sleeve 60 corresponds to the position to be magnetized, that is, the magnet part 300.
  • the magnetic sleeve 6 is disposed at a position that does not need to be magnetized, that is, it is sleeved at a position corresponding to the non-magnetic portion 301 .
  • the polyurethane sleeve 60 can extend beyond the end of the part to be magnetized 30a, and a magnetic block 63 can be provided at the end of the polyurethane sleeve 60 to seal the polyurethane sleeve 60 to enhance the magnetization effect.
  • the magnetized part 30a is placed among several coils.
  • two groups of coils respectively arranged in the corresponding positions of the two polyurethane sleeves 60 are shown, namely the first coil group 61 and the second coil group 62, respectively.
  • Both the first coil group 61 and the second coil group 62 include one or more magnetizing coils.
  • the to-be-magnetized part 30a is located outside the magnetization coil, but not passed through the magnetization coil.
  • the current direction of the magnetizing coils in each group of coil groups is the same, and the polarity of the magnet part 300 after magnetization can be changed by changing the current direction, for example, when the current directions of the first coil group 61 and the second coil group 62 are opposite , the first coil group 61 and the second coil group 62 generate magnetic fields with opposite directions of magnetic induction lines.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnetization coil is opposite, and the polarities of the two adjacent magnet parts 31 formed by the magnetization coil are also opposite to each other.
  • the magnetically permeable sleeve 6 is made of high magnetically permeable materials such as silicon steel sheets, which can lead out and lead away the magnetic field lines of the electromagnetic field generated by the coil group, and then form a magnetic field shielding area inside it.
  • the polyurethane sleeve 60 can allow the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field to pass through. Therefore, only the position corresponding to the polyurethane cover 60 of the part to be magnetized 30a is magnetized to form a magnet part 300, and the position corresponding to the magnetic permeable cover 6 will not be magnetized to form a non-magnetic part 301, and finally the part to be magnetized 30a forms the magnetic part 30 as shown in FIG. 8 , obviously, changing the direction of the current in the coil can change the polarity of the magnet part 300 .
  • the magnetic part 30 is a single part formed by magnetization, it does not need to be assembled, and its dimensional accuracy can be guaranteed by machining accuracy. Compared with the method of connecting multiple magnets, it has higher dimensional accuracy, so that Further improving the assembly accuracy of the magnetic part 30 in the coil 20 makes it difficult for the magnetic part 30 to contact and collide with the coil 20 when it vibrates, ensuring the reliability and stability of the operation and avoiding the loss of the magnetic circuit caused by assembly errors.
  • multiple magnets when multiple magnets are connected, they must be connected in the form that the same poles of the two magnets are close together. Due to the existence of repulsive force, the connection is very difficult, which further reduces the dimensional accuracy after the connection is completed.
  • Making the magnetic part 30 is more convenient to process, can reduce the cost of accessories and labor costs in the assembly process, and improve production efficiency.
  • the transition between the magnet parts 300 and the non-magnetic part 301 on the magnetic part 30 is very smooth, so that the surface magnetic field of the magnetic part 30 forms a relatively complete sinusoidal wave state distribution.
  • the magnetic part 30 made by magnetization has better dimensional accuracy, therefore, the gap between it and the inner wall of the coil 20 can be smaller, such as the gap between the inner wall of the coil 20 and the outer wall of the magnetic part 30 .
  • the position of the coil 20 corresponds to the non-magnetic part 301 , that is, the coil 20 is arranged around the outer periphery of the non-magnetic part 301 .
  • the number of coils 20 is not limited to one, specifically, its number can be the same as or less than the number of non-magnetic parts 301, as shown in Figure 5, the magnetic part 30 shown in Figure 5 includes three
  • Each magnet part 300 further has two non-magnetic parts 301 , correspondingly, the number of coils 20 is also two, which are correspondingly arranged on the outer peripheries of the two non-magnetic parts 301 .
  • the thickness H of the coil 20 may be the same as the thickness D of the non-magnetic part 301 or may be larger than the thickness D of the non-magnetic part 301 .
  • the thickness H of the coil 20 is greater than the thickness D of the non-magnetic part 301, so that the magnetic field lines derived from the non-magnetic part 301 can basically pass through the coil 20, thereby generating the maximum possible Lorentz force for driving, so that the magnetic parts The response of 30 is more sensitive.
  • the coil 20 is arranged symmetrically on the non-magnetic part 301, and the area width B of the two magnet parts 300 covered by it is the same, so that the symmetry is better.
  • the quantity of elastic member is two, is respectively first elastic member 4 and second elastic member 40, and first elastic member 4 and second elastic member 40 are respectively arranged on two ends of the magnetic piece 30 .
  • the elastic member is in the shape of a sheet to save the space it occupies.
  • the elastic member includes a first mounting portion 400 in the middle, a second mounting portion 401 surrounding the first mounting portion 400 , and several arm portions 402 connected between the first mounting portion 400 and the second mounting portion 401 .
  • the first installation part 400 is used to be connected with the end of the magnetic part 30, for example, may be an adhesive connection;
  • the second installation part 401 is used for being connected with the housing 1, for example, may also be an adhesive connection;
  • the arm part 402 is used for elastically deforming the magnetic part 30 when it vibrates, so that the first mounting part 400 moves together with the magnetic part 30 , and at the same time, the arm part 402 can provide elastic force for driving the magnetic part 30 to reset.
  • both ends of the magnetic member 30 are provided with elastic members, the force on both ends is more balanced when vibrating, so that the vibration of the vibrating device is more stable, and it can reliably vibrate linearly along the axial direction without rolling vibration In this case, the stability is better, and the recovery force is also greater.
  • the size of the first elastic member 4 and the second elastic member 40 can be the same or different, for example, the two can have different thicknesses, the first installation part 400 and the second installation part of the two elastic members The area of 401 can also be different.
  • the end face of the magnetic member 30 is directly connected to the first installation part 400, and the area of the magnetic member 30 is less than or equal to the area of the first installation part 400, so that its outer peripheral surface does not exceed the first installation part 400. the outer peripheral surface of the mounting part 400 .
  • the magnetic member 30 will not have a part in contact with the arm portion 402, which can make the arm portion 402 elastically deform more smoothly and fully, thereby improving the low-frequency sound quality of the vibration device.
  • the outer contour shape of the magnetic member 30 and the first mounting part 400 is exactly the same, and the two are coaxially arranged.
  • a spacer plate 5 is arranged between the magnetic member 30 and the first installation part 400 , and the outer peripheral surface of the spacer plate 5 does not exceed the outer peripheral surface of the first installation part 400 In this way, the elastic deformation of the arm portion 402 can also not be affected, and the setting of the spacer plate 5 makes the size restriction on the magnetic part 30 smaller, and the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic part 30 can exceed the outer peripheral surface of the first mounting part 400 without affecting Elastic deformation of the arm portion 402 .
  • the magnetic member 30 may not be provided with a spacer 5 , or may be provided with a spacer 5 at only one end, or may be provided with a spacer 5 at both ends. In the case where spacer plates 5 are provided at both ends, the dimensions of the two spacer plates 5 may be completely the same or different.
  • the vibration device also includes a first cover 13 and a second cover 14 connected to the two ends of the main body 10, the first cover 13 and the second cover 14 seal the main body 10 respectively
  • the two open ends of the housing 1 are used to prevent foreign matter such as dust from entering the interior of the housing 1, thereby protecting the internal electromagnetic drive parts and vibrators and other components.
  • the positions of the first cover 13 and the second cover 14 corresponding to the arm portion 402 and the first mounting portion 400 are provided with escape chambers 130 for avoiding during the movement of the arm portion 402 and the first mounting portion 400 .
  • the first cover 13 and the second cover 14 are not necessary, and can be provided as the case may be, for example, the first cover 13 and the second cover 14 can not be provided, or only one cover can be provided at one end of the housing 1, Covers can also be provided at both ends of the casing 1 .
  • the present invention also proposes a bone conduction earphone, the bone conduction earphone includes the above-mentioned vibration device, which can vibrate and produce sound through the above-mentioned vibration device.
  • the present invention also proposes a wearable device, which includes the above-mentioned vibration device.
  • the wearable device can be, for example, a bone conduction earphone, bone conduction glasses or VR glasses, etc., through the above-mentioned vibration device Vibration sounds or generates vibration feedback, thereby improving user experience and comfort.
  • the present invention also proposes an intelligent hardware device, which includes the vibrating device described above.
  • the intelligent hardware device can be game peripheral hardware, intelligent fitness equipment, intelligent TV, etc., through the above-mentioned
  • the vibrating device emits sound, so that the user can hear the sound, or generates vibration feedback through the above-mentioned vibrating device, so as to improve user experience and comfort.
  • the magnetic part is made of magnetic material integrated magnetization. Compared with the original structure that requires multiple magnets to be connected, it is an integrated part with fewer parts, no assembly, and more convenient installation. At the same time, it can achieve higher dimensional accuracy, thereby improving the assembly accuracy with the coil, reducing the risk of contact and collision between the magnetic part and the coil during the vibration process, and higher reliability;
  • the gap between it and the coil can be set smaller, so that the driving force of the coil to the magnetic part is greater, and the sensitivity of the vibration device is higher;
  • both ends of the magnetic member are provided with elastic members, so that the force on both ends of the magnetic member is more symmetrical, the vibrating device can perform linear vibration more stably, and the undesirable phenomenon of rolling vibration is less likely to occur.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种振动装置、骨传导耳机、可穿戴设备及智能硬件设备，属于振动技术领域，该振动装置包括：壳体；电磁驱动件，包括与所述壳体相连的线圈；以及振子，包括活动设于所述线圈内的磁性件以及连接于所述磁性件和所述壳体之间的弹性件；所述磁性件包括至少两个磁体部和位于相邻两个所述磁体部之间的无磁部。本发明中，磁性件采用磁性材料一体充磁制得，相比于原本需要多个磁铁相连的结构，其零部件数量更少，安装更为方便，同时能够达到更高的尺寸精度，进而提高了与线圈的装配精度，降低了在振动过程中磁性件与线圈接触、碰撞的风险，可靠性更高。

Description

一种振动装置、骨传导耳机、可穿戴设备及智能硬件设备
优先权信息：本申请要求于2021年9月10日提交的申请号为202111062238.3和202111063993.3的中国专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及振动技术领域，尤其涉及一种振动装置、骨传导耳机、可穿戴设备及智能硬件设备。
背景技术
振动装置，例如用于振动发声的骨传导发声装置和用于提供振动反馈的线性振动马达等，通常包括壳体以及均设置在壳体内的振子、线圈和弹片等，线圈用于驱动振子振动，弹片连接在振子和壳体之间，可以驱动振子复位。
目前，振动装置存在如下缺陷：第一，为了提高振子的磁力，振子被设置成包括多个磁铁，相邻两个磁铁之间通过导磁体隔开，这样的结构，增加了零部件的数量，使得装配更为困难，装配完成的精度差，振子在振动时容易与线圈接触，影响振动装置使用的可靠性；第二，现有的振动装置通常仅在振子一端设置有弹片，这使得振动装置振动时稳定性较差，容易在长度方向上左右摇摆，发生滚振的现象，导致振动系统呈现非线性振动，振子碰触到其他零件引起杂音，对骨传导发声装置而言容易引起声音失真增大。
因此，有必要对现有技术予以改良以克服现有技术中的所述缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种振动装置、骨传导耳机、可穿戴设备及智能硬件设备，该振动装置的装配更为方便且更容易保证其装配精度。
为实现上述发明目的，第一方面，本发明提出了一种振动装置，包括：
壳体；
电磁驱动件，包括与所述壳体相连的线圈；以及
振子，包括活动设于所述壳体内的磁性件以及连接于所述磁性件和所述壳体之间的弹性件，所述线圈环绕于所述磁性件外部；
所述磁性件包括至少两个磁体部和位于相邻两个所述磁体部之间的无磁部。
进一步地，所述磁性件为零件。
进一步地，所述线圈与所述无磁部对应设置，所述线圈的厚度与所述无磁部的厚度相同；或者，
所述线圈的厚度大于所述无磁部的厚度，且所述线圈两端延伸至与所述无磁部相邻的两个磁体部外周。
进一步地，所述磁体部的磁极以及所述无磁部沿着所述磁性件的轴线设置，且相邻的两个所述磁体部的相邻的两个磁极的极性相同。
进一步地，所述磁性件与所述线圈之间的间隙为0.05～0.6mm。
进一步地，所述无磁部的厚度在0.3mm以上。
进一步地，所述弹性件的数量为两个，两个所述弹性件分别连接在所述磁性件的两端。
进一步地，所述弹性件包括第一安装部、环绕于所述第一安装部外周的第二安装部以及连接在所述第一安装部和所述第二安装部之间的臂部，其中，所述第一安装部与所述磁性件相连，所述第二安装部与所述壳体相连。
进一步地，所述磁性件与所述第一安装部相连，且所述磁性件的外周面不超出所述第一安装部的外周面；或者，
所述磁性件和所述第一安装部之间连接有间隔板，所述间隔板的外周面不超出所述第一安装部的外周面。
进一步地，所述的振动装置还包括连接于所述壳体两端的第一盖体和第二盖体，所述第一盖体和所述第二盖体均开设有在所述振子的运动过程中避让所述臂部和所述第一安装部的避让腔。
进一步地，所述线圈设于所述壳体的内腔内或者连接于所述壳体外部。
第二方面，本发明还提出一种骨传导耳机，包括如上任一项所述的振动装置。
第三方面，本发明还提出一种可穿戴设备，包括如上任一项所述的振动装置。
第四方面，本发明还提出一种智能硬件设备，包括如上任一项所述的振动装置。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
1.本发明中，磁性件采用磁性材料一体充磁制得，相比于原本需要多个磁铁相连的结构，其为一体式的零件，零部件数量更少，无需组装，安装更为方便，同时能够达到更高的尺寸精度，进而提高了与线圈的装配精度，降低了在振动过程中磁性件与线圈接触、碰撞的风险，可靠性更高；
2.由于磁性件的尺寸精度高，因此其与线圈之间的间隙能够设置的更小，从而使得线圈对磁性件的驱动力更大，振动装置的灵敏度更高；
3.本发明中，磁性件两端均设置有弹性件，使得磁性件两端受力更为对称，振动装置能够更为稳定的进行线性振动，不易发生滚振的不良现象。
附图说明
图1是本发明中振动装置一种实施方式的结构示意图，图中线圈位于壳体内部。
图2是图1所示的振动装置的分解图。
图3是本发明中振动装置一种实施方式的结构示意图，图中线圈设于壳体外部。
图4是本发明中磁性件配接于线圈内的示意图，图中磁性件具有一个无磁区。
图5是本发明中磁性件配接于线圈内的示意图，图中磁性件具有两个无磁区。
图6是本发明中磁性件一种实施方式的示意图，图中磁性件的磁体部和无磁部不相对第一对称面对称。
图7是本发明中磁性件一种充磁方式的示意图。
图8是图7中的充磁方式获得的磁性件的示意图。
图9是本发明中弹性件的结构示意图。
图10是本发明中振动装置一种实施方式的结构示意图。
图11是图10所示的振动装置的分解图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能够更为明显易懂，下面结合附图，对本申请的具体实施方式做详细的说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本申请，而非对本申请的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本申请相关的部分而非全部结构。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
对应于本发明一种较佳实施例的振动装置，其包括壳体1、与壳体1相连的电磁驱动件以及受电磁驱动件的驱动而振动的振子。振动装置的种类不限，例如其可以是图1、图2、图10和图11所示的骨传导发声装置，也可以是图3所示的振动马达。
壳体1包括呈环形的本体10，本体10的形状不限，例如其截面形状可以是圆环形、矩形或者跑道形等，图2示出的是本体10呈跑道形时的情形。本体10内形成有内腔12，振子安装于内腔12内，电磁驱动件包括线圈20，线圈20可以安装在内腔12内部或者外部。振子包括穿设于线圈20内的磁性件30以及连接于磁性件30和壳体1的本体10之间的至少一个弹性件。线圈20用以通入电流，以驱动振子振动。具体而言，在线圈20通电后，其将产生电磁场，通过控制线圈20内电流的方向和大小等参数，能够改变电磁场的 极性和强弱，从而驱动磁性件30振动，弹性件能够驱动磁性件30复位，从而使得磁性件30在线圈20的驱动下做往复运动。电磁驱动件还可以包括与线圈20电连接的控制电路板，以控制线圈20内的电流。
在一种优选的实施方式中，如图1所示，线圈20设置于壳体1内部，磁性件30穿设于线圈20内，其形状与线圈20的内孔形状适配，并与线圈20同轴线设置，能够沿着线圈20的轴线运动。本实施方式中，壳体1还包括与本体10相连的固定件11，固定件11自本体10凸出至内腔12内，线圈20安装在固定件11上，两者之间的安装方式包括但不限于是粘接、焊接和螺栓连接等。
固定件11的形状不限，本实施例中，其形状与本体10一致，也成环形(具体为跑道形)，优选的，固定件11呈完整的环形，以提高其与电磁驱动件的接触区域，使得固定件11对电磁驱动件的支撑更为稳固。在其他实施方式中，固定件11还可以是具有若干缺口的断续的环形等。固定件11可以与本体10一体成型，也可以是连接在本体10上的独立的零部件。
进一步的，为了使得线圈20在固定件11上的位置更为准确，在固定件11上还设置有定位槽110，定位槽110的形状与线圈20的形状适配，以使得线圈20能够准确的限位在定位槽110内，提高线圈20在内腔12内的安装精度。
在另一种优选的实施方式中，如图3所示，线圈20还可以设置在壳体1外部。本实施方式中，壳体1外表面设置有环形槽15，线圈20设于环形槽15内，通过环形槽15限位。在线圈20具有多个的情况下，环形槽15的数量也可以有多个，相邻的两个环形槽15之间可通过环形凸台16隔开。本实施方式中，磁性件30和线圈20之间通过壳体1壁部17隔开，壳体1的尺寸精度更高，因此，磁性件30与壁部17之间的装配精度更易控制。
如图4所示，本发明中，磁性件30由磁性材料一体充磁形成，磁性材料例如可以是铁氧体、钕铁硼、铝镍钴和钐钴等。磁性件30包括至少两个磁体部300和位于相邻两个磁体部300之间的无磁部301，可以理解的是，磁体部300和无磁部301为磁性件30的一部分而不是单独的零部件，也就是说，磁性件30为单个的零件，而不是通过两个或更多个的零件连接而成的组件。 每一磁体部300均包括两个磁极，分别为N极和S极，且相邻两个磁体部300相靠近的两个磁极的极性是相同的，可以使得磁力线集中近似于垂直穿过线圈20，在线圈20通电后，能够产生更大的驱动力，提高振动装置的驱动力和灵敏度。多个磁体部300沿着磁性件30的轴线设置，无磁部301隔开相邻的两个磁体部300，亦即，磁体部300的磁极以及无磁部301均沿着磁性件30的轴线排列设置。
磁性件30包括至少一个无磁部301和两个磁体部300，当然，其数量不限于此，例如，如图5所示，其可以具有两个无磁部301和三个磁体部300，对于有更多个无磁部301的情况，可以以此类推。对于有多个无磁部301的情况，多个无磁部301的厚度可以相同也可以不同。作为一种优选的实施方式，无磁部301的厚度在0.3mm以上，其最大值小于任意一个磁体部300厚度的最小值。如果无磁部301厚度太小会导致磁体部300和无磁部301之间的边界不清晰，影响磁性件30性能，而太大的话，磁体部300就相应变小，影响磁通量和B值。
磁性件30的截面形状不限，例如其截面形状可以是三角形、圆形、矩形等形状。磁性件30上形成的磁体部300和无磁部301可以相对磁性件30的几何对称面302对称或者不对称，图6示出了一种不对称时的情形。
磁性件30可以采用如下的充磁方式形成，为叙述方便，将需要充磁的磁性件30称为待充磁件30a，待充磁件30a充磁后即成为磁性件30，需要充磁的磁性件30例如可以是无磁性的坯料或者可以是磁性减弱后需要再次充磁的磁性件30。可以理解的是，由于上述的磁性件30为单个的零件，因此，待充磁件30a也为单个的零件，其充磁后形成磁性件30。如图7所示，将待充磁件30a(图中虚线所示的物体)插入导磁套6和聚氨酯套60内，聚氨酯套60的位置与需要充磁的位置即磁体部300对应，导磁套6则设置于不需要充磁的位置，即套设于与无磁部301对应的位置上。聚氨酯套60可以延伸至超出待充磁件30a的端部，并可在聚氨酯套60的端部设置封住聚氨酯套60的导磁块63，以增强充磁效果。然后，将待充磁件30a放置到若干线圈中间，图中，示出了分别设置在两个聚氨酯套60对应位置的两组线圈，分别为第一线圈组61和第二线圈组62，第一线圈组61和第二线圈组62均包括一个或 者多个充磁线圈。待充磁件30a位于充磁线圈外部，而未穿设在充磁线圈内。每组线圈组内的充磁线圈的电流方向相同，可以通过改变电流方向来改变充磁后磁体部300的极性，例如，在第一线圈组61和第二线圈组62的电流方向相反时，第一线圈组61和第二线圈组62产生磁感线方向相反的磁场。充磁线圈产生的磁场方向相反，其充磁形成的相邻两个磁体部31的极性也相反待充磁件。导磁套6采用硅钢片等高导磁材料制成，其能够将线圈组产生的电磁场的磁力线引出和导走，进而在其内部形成屏蔽磁场的区域，聚氨酯套60能够允许磁场的磁力线经过，因此，待充磁件30a仅与聚氨酯套60对应的位置被充磁，形成磁体部300，而与导磁套6对应的位置不会被充磁，形成无磁部301，最终待充磁件30a形成如图8所示的磁性件30，显然的，改变线圈内的电流方向即可改变磁体部300的极性。
显然的，由于磁性件30为充磁形成的单个零部件，无需进行组装，其尺寸精度可以通过加工精度予以保证，相比于采用多个磁铁相连的方式，其具有更高的尺寸精度，从而进一步提高磁性件30在线圈20内的装配精度，使得磁性件30振动时不易与线圈20接触和碰撞，保证了运行的可靠性和平稳性，同时避免装配误差导致磁路的损失。而且，多个磁铁相连时，要连接成两个磁铁的同极相靠近的形式，由于斥力的存在，其连接难度很大，进一步降低了其连接完成后的尺寸精度，而采用充磁的方式制成磁性件30，加工更为方便，能够降低组装过程中的配件成本和人力成本，提高生产效率。
进一步的，磁性件30上各磁体部300和无磁部301之间的过渡十分平滑，使得磁性件30的表面磁场形成了比较完整的正弦波态分布。
正如上文所述，采用充磁的方式制成的磁性件30具有更好的尺寸精度，因此，其与线圈20内壁的间隙能够更小，例如线圈20内壁和磁性件30外壁之间的间隙设置为0.05～0.6mm，一般的，线圈20和磁性件30之间的间隙越小，线圈20对磁性件30的驱动力越大，振动装置的灵敏度也越大，而间隙越小，则磁性件30在运动过程中越容易碰撞线圈20。因此，进一步优选的，间隙被设置为0.15～0.3mm，以在保证磁性件30和线圈20之间具有较低的碰撞风险的同时，保证线圈20对磁性件30具有充足的驱动力。
如图4所示，线圈20的位置与无磁部301对应，即线圈20环绕设置在无磁部301外周。线圈20的数量不限于一个，具体而言，其数量可以与无磁部301的数量相同或者少于无磁部301的数量，如图5所示，图5中示出的磁性件30包括三个磁体部300，进而具有两个无磁部301，相应的，线圈20的数量也为两个，对应设置在两个无磁部301外周。
线圈20的厚度H可以与无磁部301的厚度D相同，也可以大于无磁部301的厚度D。优选的，线圈20的厚度H大于无磁部301的厚度D，如此，从无磁部301导出的磁力线基本都可以穿过线圈20，从而产生最大可能的洛伦兹力进行驱动，使得磁性件30的响应更为灵敏，优选的，线圈20对称设置于无磁部301上，其覆盖的两个磁体部300的区域宽度B相同，以使得对称性更好。
如图1和图3所示，本实施例中，弹性件的数量为两个，分别为第一弹性件4和第二弹性件40，第一弹性件4和第二弹性件40分别设置于磁性件30的两端。作为一种优选的实施方式，如图9所示，弹性件呈片状，以节省其占有的空间。弹性件包括位于中间的第一安装部400、环绕于第一安装部400外周的第二安装部401以及连接于第一安装部400和第二安装部401之间的若干臂部402。其中，第一安装部400用于与磁性件30的端部相连，例如可以是胶粘连接；第二安装部401则用于与壳体1相连，例如也可以是胶粘连接；臂部402用于在磁性件30振动时发生弹性形变，从而使得第一安装部400随着磁性件30一同运动，臂部402同时能够提供驱使磁性件30复位的弹力。
由于磁性件30两端均设置有弹性件，因此，其在振动时两端受力更为均衡，使得振动装置的振动更为稳定，能够沿着轴线方向可靠地线性振动，不会出现滚振的情况，稳定性更好，回复力也更大。
可以理解的是，第一弹性件4和第二弹性件40的尺寸可以相同也可以不相同，例如，两者可以具有不同的厚度，两个弹性件的第一安装部400和第二安装部401的面积也可以不同。
在一种优选的实施方式中，参考图1，磁性件30的端面直接连接在第一安装部400上，磁性件30面积小于等于第一安装部400的面积，使得其外周面不超出第一安装部400的外周面。这样，磁性件30不会具有与臂部402接 触的部分，能够使得臂部402更顺畅和充分的发生弹性变形，从而提高振动装置的低频音质。优选的，磁性件30与第一安装部400的外轮廓形状完全相同，且两者同轴线设置。在另一种优选的实施方式中，参考图10和图11，磁性件30和第一安装部400之间设置有间隔板5，间隔板5的外周面不超出第一安装部400的外周面，这样，同样可以不影响臂部402的弹性形变，而且，间隔板5的设置使得对磁性件30的尺寸限制变小，磁性件30的外周面可以超出第一安装部400外周面而不影响臂部402的弹性形变。
显然的，磁性件30可以不设置间隔板5，也可以仅一端设置间隔板5，还可以两端均设置间隔板5。在两端均设置间隔板5的情况下，两个间隔板5的尺寸可以完全相同也可以不同。
如图1、图3和图10所示，振动装置还包括连接在本体10两端的第一盖体13和第二盖体14，第一盖体13和第二盖体14分别封住本体10的两个开口端，以防止灰尘等异物进入壳体1内部，从而保护内部的电磁驱动件和振子等零部件。第一盖体13和第二盖体14上与臂部402和第一安装部400对应的位置均开设有避让腔130，以在臂部402和第一安装部400运动的过程中予以避让。
第一盖体13和第二盖体14不是必须的，可以视情况予以设置，例如可以不设置第一盖体13和第二盖体14，也可以仅在壳体1一端设置一个盖体，还可以在壳体1两端均设置盖体。
本发明还提出一种骨传导耳机，该骨传导耳机包括有上文所述的振动装置，其能够通过上文所述的振动装置振动发声。
本发明还提出一种可穿戴设备，该可穿戴设备包括有上文所述的振动装置，可穿戴设备例如可以是骨传导耳机、骨传导眼镜或者VR眼镜等，通过上文所述的振动装置振动发声或者产生振动反馈，进而提高使用体验和舒适性。
本发明还提出一种智能硬件设备，该智能硬件设备包括有上文所述的振动装置，智能硬件设备例如可以是游戏外设硬件、智能健身设备、智能电视等，其通过上文所述的振动装置发声，以使得使用者能够听到声音，或者通过上文所述的振动装置产生振动反馈，以提高使用体验和舒适性。
本发明中的振动装置至少包括如下优点：
1.本发明中，磁性件采用磁性材料一体充磁制得，相比于原本需要多个磁铁相连的结构，其为一体式的零件，零部件数量更少，无需组装，安装更为方便，同时能够达到更高的尺寸精度，进而提高了与线圈的装配精度，降低了在振动过程中磁性件与线圈接触、碰撞的风险，可靠性更高；
2.由于磁性件的尺寸精度高，因此其与线圈之间的间隙能够设置的更小，从而使得线圈对磁性件的驱动力更大，振动装置的灵敏度更高；
3.本发明中，磁性件两端均设置有弹性件，使得磁性件两端受力更为对称，振动装置能够更为稳定的进行线性振动，不易发生滚振的不良现象。
上述仅为本发明的一个具体实施方式，其它基于本发明构思的前提下做出的任何改进都视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种振动装置，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体(1)；
    电磁驱动件，包括与所述壳体(1)相连的线圈(20)；以及
    振子，包括活动设于所述壳体(1)内的磁性件(30)以及连接于所述磁性件(30)和所述壳体(1)之间的弹性件，所述线圈(20)环绕于所述磁性件(30)外部；
    所述磁性件(30)包括至少两个磁体部(300)和位于相邻两个所述磁体部(300)之间的无磁部(301)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的振动装置，其特征在于，所述磁性件(30)为零件。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的振动装置，其特征在于，所述线圈(20)与所述无磁部(301)对应设置，所述线圈(20)的厚度与所述无磁部(301)的厚度相同；或者，
    所述线圈(20)的厚度大于所述无磁部(301)的厚度，且所述线圈(20)两端延伸至与所述无磁部(301)相邻的两个磁体部(300)外周。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的振动装置，其特征在于，所述磁体部(300)的磁极以及所述无磁部(301)沿着所述磁性件(30)的轴线设置，且相邻的两个所述磁体部(300)的相邻的两个磁极的极性相同。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的振动装置，其特征在于，所述磁性件(30)与所述线圈(20)之间的间隙为0.05～0.6mm。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的振动装置，其特征在于，所述无磁部(301)的厚度在0.3mm以上。
  7. 如权利要求1至6任一项所述的振动装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件的数量为两个，两个所述弹性件分别连接在所述磁性件(30)的两端。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的振动装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件包括第一安装部(400)、环绕于所述第一安装部(400)外周的第二安装部(401)以及连接在所述第一安装部(400)和所述第二安装部(401)之间的臂部 (402)，其中，所述第一安装部(400)与所述磁性件(30)相连，所述第二安装部(401)与所述壳体(1)相连。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的振动装置，其特征在于，所述磁性件(30)与所述第一安装部(400)相连，且所述磁性件(30)的外周面不超出所述第一安装部(400)的外周面；或者，
    所述磁性件(30)和所述第一安装部(400)之间连接有间隔板(5)，所述间隔板(5)的外周面不超出所述第一安装部(400)的外周面。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的振动装置，其特征在于，其还包括连接于所述壳体(1)两端的第一盖体(13)和第二盖体(14)，所述第一盖体(13)和所述第二盖体(14)均开设有在所述振子的运动过程中避让所述臂部(402)和所述第一安装部(400)的避让腔(130)。
  11. 如权利要求1至6任一项所述的振动装置，其特征在于，所述线圈(20)设于所述壳体(1)的内腔(12)内或者连接于所述壳体(1)外部。
  12. 一种骨传导耳机，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至11任一项所述的振动装置。
  13. 一种可穿戴设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至11任一项所述的振动装置。
  14. 一种智能硬件设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至11任一项所述的振动装置。
PCT/CN2022/118149 2021-09-10 2022-09-09 一种振动装置、骨传导耳机、可穿戴设备及智能硬件设备 WO2023036303A1 (zh)

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CN113904479A (zh) * 2021-09-10 2022-01-07 苏州索迩电子技术有限公司 一种磁性件、振动装置、充磁器及一体式充磁方法

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