WO2023035476A1 - Codeur optique et dispositif électronique - Google Patents

Codeur optique et dispositif électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023035476A1
WO2023035476A1 PCT/CN2021/138903 CN2021138903W WO2023035476A1 WO 2023035476 A1 WO2023035476 A1 WO 2023035476A1 CN 2021138903 W CN2021138903 W CN 2021138903W WO 2023035476 A1 WO2023035476 A1 WO 2023035476A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
optical encoder
optical
rotating
detection
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PCT/CN2021/138903
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周凡
李仕柏
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深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
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Priority to CN202190000136.6U priority Critical patent/CN216977931U/zh
Publication of WO2023035476A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023035476A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/36—Forming the light into pulses

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optics, and more particularly, to an optical encoder and electronic equipment.
  • An optical encoder is a sensor that converts the mechanical geometric displacement on the output shaft into a pulse or digital quantity through photoelectric conversion. It can measure length, speed, acceleration, vibration, etc., and is widely used in CNC machine tools, rotary tables, and robots. , radar, portable electronic equipment.
  • a common optical encoder is composed of a light source, an optical element that rotates around the axis of rotation, and an optical sensor. It can measure the angle and/or measure the displacement perpendicular to the axis of rotation through the optical signal transmitted through the optical element or reflected by the optical element. It is often used in Get data output from mechatronic devices.
  • the light utilization rate of traditional optical encoders is low and the detection function is relatively simple, which can no longer meet the development needs of small electronic equipment.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an optical encoder and electronic equipment, which can improve the light utilization rate and reduce the power consumption of the optical encoder while expanding the detection function of the optical encoder to realize angle detection and multi-dimensional displacement detection.
  • an optical encoder in a first aspect, includes: a rotating component; an optical transmitter for transmitting an incident optical signal to the rotating component; the rotating component has a rotation axis passing through its geometric center , and a photodetection area arranged around the outwardly facing surface of the rotating component, the tangent plane of the photodetection area has an included angle with the rotation axis, and the included angle is an acute angle; and a photoreceiver for receiving The incident light signal passes through the light detection area to detect the light signal and generate an electrical signal according to the detection light signal, so as to determine the motion information of the rotating component.
  • the axis of rotation is a straight line that passes through the geometric center of the rotating component so that the rotating component can rotate around it.
  • the vertical line perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder and passing through the center of the bottom surface is the rotation of the cylinder.
  • the tangent plane of the light detection area refers to the tangent plane of any point on the light detection area; the light beam emitted by the light emitter has a Gaussian distribution, and the part with the strongest energy in the light beam has the largest light intensity after being reflected by the rotating part, but due to the rotating part and the
  • the positional relationship between the optical transmitter and the optical receiver in the small electronic equipment is usually not received by the optical receiver located near the light source; this application does not change the position between the components of the optical encoder in the existing small electronic equipment
  • the angle between the tangent plane of the photodetection area and the rotation axis is an acute angle, and the existence of this angle can make the light emitter emit the most energetic part of the light beam through the light
  • the reflection of the detection area is finally received by the optical receiver, making full use of the strongest light intensity part of the incident light signal, avoiding the waste of light signal, thereby improving the light utilization rate of the optical
  • the light detection area is configured as an optical pattern that causes the detection light signal to produce a change on the light receiver as the rotating component moves.
  • the detection light signal formed by the incident light signal passing through the light detection area can form a changing optical pattern, and there is a corresponding relationship between the optical pattern and the rotation angle of the rotating component, so that the optical encoder can be accurate according to the optical pattern Rotational movement of a rotating part is detected.
  • the light detection area is configured such that the detection light signal generates bright fringes and dark fringes on the light receiver as the rotating component moves.
  • the detection light signal formed by the incident light signal passing through the light detection area can form a light and dark stripe pattern, and the stripe pattern produces a corresponding displacement on the light receiver as the rotating component rotates, so that the optical encoder can pass through The distance the fringe pattern moves and the number of moving fringes accurately detects the rotational motion of the rotating part.
  • the The light detection area makes the detection light signal generate alternating light and dark stripes on the light receiver.
  • the light detection area includes: a plurality of light reflection areas arranged in sequence along a direction around the outward surface of the rotating component, the shapes of the plurality of light reflection areas are all the same and the The plurality of light reflection regions have the same reflective optical properties.
  • reflective optical properties refer to various properties exhibited by a substance when it reflects light.
  • the number is greater than or equal to 2, so that the detected light signal after passing through the light detection area will appear bright and dark on the light receiver
  • the position of the stripe pattern will move in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, so that the movement information of the rotating part perpendicular to the rotation axis can be detected; in addition, thanks to the acute angle and the light detection area
  • the existence of the incident light signal passing through the light detection area and reaching the optical receiver increases or decreases in the direction of the rotation axis, so that the brightness distribution of the fringe pattern along the direction of the rotation axis also shows an increasing or decreasing law, and the fringe pattern along the rotation axis
  • the width of the direction is also inconsistent, so that the optical encoder of the embodiment of the present application can detect the displacement in the direction of the rotation axis, so that the optical encoder can simultaneously detect the motion information in the direction of
  • the light detection region surface includes: a plurality of light absorption regions for absorbing at least part of the incident light signal; a plurality of light reflection regions for absorbing at least part of the incident light signal reflected to the light receiver; the plurality of light absorption regions and the plurality of light reflection regions are arranged alternately along the direction around the outward surface of the rotating component, so that the detection light signal Alternating light and dark stripes are produced on the device.
  • the detected light signal after passing through the photodetection region will present a light and dark fringe pattern on the light receiver, and the bright stripes are along the rotation axis.
  • the brightness of the direction and the spacing of the stripes change with the movement of the rotating part in the direction of the rotation axis, so that the optical encoder can simultaneously detect multi-dimensional motion information, improve the detection ability of the optical encoder, and increase the optical encoder in small electronic devices. application functions in .
  • the light detection region includes: the plurality of light absorption regions and the plurality of light reflection regions are alternately arranged in a spiral or strip shape on the outward surface of the rotating component , so that the detection light signal generates alternating light and dark stripes on the light receiver.
  • the detection light signal of the light detection area will present a light and dark stripe pattern on the light receiver, and the stripe pattern is perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis.
  • the displacement occurs continuously along the direction of the rotating shaft, so that the optical encoder detects the rotating motion of the rotating part perpendicular to the direction of the rotating shaft through the displacement of the stripe pattern in the direction of the rotating shaft;
  • the detection light signal of the area has differences in brightness and stripe width along the direction of the rotation axis, so that the optical encoder can detect the displacement in the direction of the rotation axis and realize multi-dimensional motion detection.
  • the rotating component is in the shape of a cone, and the light detection area is distributed on the side of the cone; or the rotating component is in the shape of a cone, and the light detection area is distributed on the side of the cone.
  • the side of the truncated cone; or the rotating component is in the shape of a truncated truncated cone, and the light detection area is distributed on the side of the truncated truncated cone.
  • the rotating part is in the shape of a truncated cone
  • the light detection area includes: a plurality of light reflecting areas arranged in sequence along the direction surrounding the outward surface of the rotating part, and each of the light reflecting areas starts from the truncated truncated
  • the upper bottom surface extends to the lower bottom surface of the truncated truncated cone, and each light reflection area is concave inwardly.
  • the concave surface of the inner depression points to the concave curved surface in the direction close to the rotation axis.
  • the light reflection area is a concave surface structure, such as a concave mirror, and the light-gathering function of the concave surface is used to further converge the incident light signal after being reflected by the light reflection area of the concave surface, which can improve the brightness of the light and dark stripe pattern on the light receiver. Bright and dark contrast, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the optical encoder.
  • the light reflection area is a specular reflection area.
  • the radius of curvature of the concave surface is 0.1-10 mm.
  • the light absorption region and the light reflection region have the same shape.
  • the multiple light reflection regions have the same reflective optical property.
  • the light absorbing region is concave inwardly.
  • the light-absorbing region is a concave surface structure, and the energy of the incident light signal is consumed by the multiple reflections of the incident light signal in the concave surface to achieve the light-absorbing effect, which can improve the light-dark contrast of the light-dark stripe pattern on the light receiver, thereby improving The detection accuracy of optical encoders.
  • the rotating part is in the shape of a truncated cone
  • the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the rotating part are polygons with the same shape
  • the light detection area includes several sides from the upper bottom surface. Extend to the plane formed by one side corresponding to the bottom surface.
  • the light reflection region includes a first surface and a second surface, and the first surface and the second surface are configured such that the light detection region
  • the cross-section is star-shaped.
  • a structure similar to a concave surface is formed in the two light reflection areas, so that the light reflection area has a light-gathering effect, which helps to improve the light-dark contrast of the stripe pattern received at the light receiver, and improves the detection of the optical encoder. precision.
  • the optical encoder further includes: a lens disposed between the rotating component and the optical receiver, and the lens is used to adjust a focus position of the detection optical signal.
  • the lens can change the focus position of the detected light signal, so that the optical receiver can be placed closer to the rotating component or farther away from the rotating component as required.
  • the optical receiver is placed closer to the rotating component
  • the space occupied by the components of the optical encoder can be further saved, making the optical encoder more miniaturized.
  • the optical encoder further includes: a processing unit connected to the optical receiver and configured to determine motion information of the rotating component according to the electrical signal.
  • the motion information includes at least one of the following information: the rotation angle of the rotating component, the rotating speed of the rotating component, the direction of the rotating component in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis The displacement of the rotating component along the direction of the rotating axis.
  • the optical encoder further includes: a control unit connected to the processing unit and the light emitter for acquiring the motion information and controlling the light emission device transmits the incident light signal.
  • control unit is connected to the processing unit and the light emitter at the same time, and can simultaneously control the light emitter while communicating with the processing unit, and adjust the light emitter in real time according to the movement of the rotating parts. In order to optimize the detection effect of the optical encoder and improve the working efficiency of the optical encoder.
  • the light transmitter and the light receiver are arranged on a same plane parallel to the axis.
  • the optical transmitter and the optical receiver on the same plane, that is, the optical receiver and the optical transmitter are installed or integrated on the same substrate in a small electronic device, for example, on the same printed circuit board , can save the space occupied by the device, and facilitate the processing and preparation of the device.
  • the plane where the light transmitter and light receiver are located is set parallel to the rotation axis, so that the rotating parts of the optical encoder will not be disturbed by other parts during the rotation process, and there is no risk of friction or collision with other parts. It is beneficial to prolong the service life of the device.
  • the light receiver includes a photosensor array arranged along a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.
  • an electronic device in a second aspect, includes: a housing; a crown, arranged on the housing, for receiving user operations; and any possible
  • the optical encoder is coupled to the crown, and is used to detect the user's operation on the crown.
  • the electronic device is a watch
  • the crown is arranged on the side of the watch
  • the rotating part of the optical encoder is connected to the crown so that the rotating The parts move with the movement of the crown.
  • the tangent plane of the photodetection area forms an acute angle with the rotation axis, and the included angle can make the part with the strongest energy in the incident light signal pass through the photodetection area to form a
  • the detection optical signal with the maximum light intensity this part of the detection optical signal is received by the optical receiver and used for motion detection, thereby improving the light utilization rate and saving the power consumption of the optical encoder; the embodiment of the application also carried out the optical detection area
  • the special structural design makes the detection light signal at the optical receiver present a light and dark stripe pattern, and the stripe pattern can be used to detect motion information in multiple directions, which enriches the motion function of the optical encoder and makes the optical encoder When it is applied to a small electronic device, it can detect the rotation input and simultaneously detect the pressing input, so that the small electronic device can simultaneously detect multi-dimensional motion input through the optical encoder.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical encoder.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical encoder of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical encoder of the present application.
  • 4a-4c are schematic diagrams of several rotating components of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of imaging of an optical encoder of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between an electrical signal output by an optical encoder and imaging in the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another rotating part of the optical encoder of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another rotating component of the optical encoder of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of yet another rotating component of the optical encoder of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the detection principle of the rotating component shown in FIG. 9 .
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the electrical signal integration result of the optical encoder of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device of the present application.
  • optical encoder can measure length, speed, acceleration, vibration and so on.
  • a typical optical encoder is shown in FIG. 1 , the optical encoder 100 includes: an optical transmitter 101 , a rotating component 102 and an optical receiver 103 .
  • the rotating part 102 can rotate around the rotating shaft 104, and the rotating shaft refers to a straight line passing through the geometric center of the rotating part so that the rotating part can rotate around it.
  • the rotating shaft 104 in the optical encoder 100 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cylinder and passes through A straight line passing through the center of the base.
  • the light emitter 101 may be a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (Vertical cavity surface emitting laser, VCSEL), an edge emitting laser (Edge emitting laser, EEL) or a light emitting diode (Light emitting diodes, LED), a laser diode (Laser diodes, LD) and other light sources, or a combination of the above-mentioned light sources.
  • the light signal emitted by the light transmitter may be a light signal carrying a spatial optical pattern that has been optically modulated, processed or controlled, may be a light signal that has been optically modulated, processed or controlled for subregional illumination, or may be a light signal that has been optically modulated, processed or controlled. Modulated, processed or controlled periodically illuminated optical signal, or a combination of the foregoing.
  • the light receiver 103 can be a photosensor array, and the photosensor can be composed of one or more light-emitting diodes, metal oxide semiconductor elements, charge-coupled elements, photovoltaic cells, or other photoelectric conversion devices. sensor.
  • the sensor array can be one row or column, or multiple rows or columns.
  • the photosensor array is distributed symmetrically along a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.
  • the detection principle of the optical encoder 100 will be explained below with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • the incident light 10 emitted by the light transmitter 101 is projected onto the rotating component 102, and through the rotating motion of the rotating component 102, the reflected light 20 formed by the reflection of the rotating component 102 carries the information related to the rotating motion to realize the detection of motion information , for example, the detection of information such as the rotation angle, angular velocity, and displacement of the rotating component 102 .
  • the light beam that makes up the incident light 10 has a certain divergence angle, so the energy of the light beam is Gaussian distributed, that is, the light intensity of the light beam is greater at a position closer to the center of the light beam, and the light intensity at a position farther away from the center of the light beam is smaller.
  • the subsequent reflected light 20 also has a Gaussian distribution.
  • the light emitter 101 is usually arranged on the substrate, and the part with the strongest energy in the light beam emitted by the light emitter 101 will be projected perpendicular to the substrate due to the mechanical position relationship between the rotating part and the substrate in the electronic device.
  • the most intense part of the incident beam will be reflected vertically back to the light-emitting plane, and the weaker part of the beam will be reflected to the side of the light source at an angle to the incident ray, thereby being set at the light emission
  • the optical receiver 103 near the sensor 101 receives and detects the motion information of the rotating component 102 .
  • the present application proposes an optical encoder, which can improve the light utilization rate and reduce the power consumption of the optical encoder in the small electronic device, and at the same time make the small electronic device detect the pressing input while detecting the rotation input, and realize Multi-dimensional motion detection.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical encoder of the present application.
  • the optical encoder 200 includes: a light transmitter 201 , a rotating component 202 and a light receiver 203 .
  • the rotating component 202 has a rotational axis 204 passing through its geometric center, and a photodetection area 2021 disposed on the outward surface around the rotational axis 204, and the tangent plane of the photodetection area 2021 has an angle a and a between the rotational axis 204
  • the light detection area 2021 and the substrate where the light emitter is located do not have a parallel relationship without changing the mechanical structure of the electronic device.
  • the optical signal 2002 ; the optical receiver 203 is located on the optical path of the detection optical signal 2002 to receive the detection optical signal 2002 .
  • the incident light signal 2001 emitted perpendicular to the substrate where the light emitter 201 is located is the part with the strongest energy in the light beam emitted by the light emitter.
  • the rotating part of the optical encoder in the embodiment of the present application is different from common rotating parts, and the cut plane of the light detection area forms an acute angle with the rotation axis, that is, the cut plane of the light detection area is not parallel to the rotation axis and the substrate where the light emitter is located.
  • the incident light signal perpendicular to the substrate is reflected by the light detection area and no longer returns to the substrate along the direction perpendicular to the light-emitting plane, but is reflected out of the light-emitting plane at the same angle as the included angle a, so that the light receiving The detector can receive the detection optical signal, thereby realizing the utilization of the optical signal with the largest light intensity in the light beam, avoiding the waste of the optical signal, effectively improving the light utilization rate of the optical encoder, and saving the power consumption of the optical encoder.
  • the light detection area 2021 is configured to make the detection light signal 2002 produce an optical pattern that changes on the light receiver 203 with the movement of the rotating component 202 .
  • the light detection area can be configured as a plane or a curved surface with a diffuse reflection or scattering function, so that the detection light signal that is diffusely scattered or diffusely reflected to the light receiver appears as a speckle pattern, and the scattering pattern is related to the rotation There is a corresponding relationship between the rotation angles of the components, so that the optical encoder can accurately detect the rotation movement of the rotating components according to the optical pattern.
  • the light detection area 2021 is configured such that the detection light signal 2002 generates light fringes and dark fringes on the light receiver 203 as the rotating component 202 moves.
  • the detection light signal formed by the incident light signal passing through the light detection area can form a light and dark fringe pattern, and the fringe pattern produces a corresponding displacement on the light receiver as the rotating component rotates, so that the optical encoder can pass through the fringe pattern.
  • the distance the pattern moves and the number of moving stripes accurately detect the rotational movement of the rotating part.
  • the light detection area 2021 makes Detecting the light signal 2002 generates alternating light and dark stripes on the light receiver 203 .
  • the light transmitter 201 and the light receiver 202 are arranged on the same plane parallel to the rotation axis 204 .
  • the light transmitter 201 and the light receiver 202 are arranged on the same printed circuit board or flexible circuit board, the plane where the printed circuit board or flexible circuit board is located is the substrate, and the substrate is parallel to the rotation axis of the rotating component 202 .
  • the optical transmitter and the optical receiver are integrated on the same circuit board, which can save the space occupied by the optical encoder and facilitate the processing and preparation of the device.
  • the plane where the optical transmitter and the optical receiver are located and the rotation The shafts are parallel, without changing the existing mechanical structure, so that the rotating parts of the optical encoder will not be disturbed by other parts during the rotation process, and there is no risk of friction or collision with other parts, which is beneficial to extend the life of the device service life.
  • the rotating member 202 is in the shape of a cone, and the axis of rotation 204 is a straight line perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cone and passing through the apex of the cone. Specifically, the light detection area 2021 at this time is distributed on the side of the cone.
  • the rotating component 202 is a circular platform
  • the rotating axis 204 is a straight line perpendicular to the bottom surface of the circular platform and passing through the center of the circular platform.
  • the light detection area 2021 at this time is distributed on the side of the circular frustum.
  • the distribution of the light detection areas on the side of the rotating component may be that the entire side of the rotating component is the light detection area, or that part of the side of the rotating component is the light detection area.
  • the frustum-shaped rotating member 202 is taken as an example, but it should be noted that any three-dimensional structure of other shapes whose cut surface can form an acute angle with the rotating axis in the direction of the rotating axis is applicable to the embodiment of the present application, for example, a cylindrical Round table with hollow structure, etc.
  • 4a-4c are schematic diagrams of several rotating components of the present application.
  • the light detection area 2021 includes: a plurality of light reflection areas 401 arranged in sequence along the direction around the outward surface of the rotating component 202, and the plurality of light reflection areas 401 The same shape and have the same reflective optical properties. It should be understood that reflective optical properties refer to various properties exhibited by a substance when it reflects light, and multiple means more than or equal to two.
  • the light reflection area 401 is a specular reflection area.
  • each light reflection area 401 extends from the upper bottom surface to the lower bottom surface of the truncated circular rotating component 202 .
  • the light reflection area 401 is a plane. That is to say, a plurality of trapezoidal planes with the same size are arranged adjacent to each other in the direction around the outward surface of the rotating component 202 , and are connected to each other to form the light detection area 2021 of the rotating component 202 .
  • the light reflection region 401 is a convex surface, and the convex surface points to a convex curved surface in a direction away from the rotation axis.
  • the light reflection region 401 is convex, for example, when a convex mirror is used as the light reflection region 401, it has an astigmatism effect, and the light reflected by the light reflection region 401 cannot reach the light receiver 203 or the light intensity is relatively weak, forming dark stripes ; while the light reflected at the junction of the convex surface and the convex surface can reach the light receiver or the light intensity is stronger, forming bright stripes.
  • the light reflection area 401 is a concave surface, and the concave surface points to a concave curved surface close to the rotation axis.
  • the light reflection area 401 when the light reflection area 401 is concave, for example, using a concave mirror as the light reflection area 401 has a light-gathering effect, and the light reflected by the light reflection area 401 will be converged and reach the light receiver 203 or the light intensity is relatively strong. Bright fringes are formed; while the reflected light at the connection between concave surfaces cannot reach the light receiver 203 or the light intensity is weak, forming dark fringes.
  • FIG. 5 shows an image formed by the detection light signal 2002 received by the light receiver 203 and reflected by the rotating component 202 shown in FIG. 4c.
  • the x-axis is a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis
  • the y-axis is a direction parallel to the rotation axis.
  • the detection light signal 2002 reflected by the light reflection area 401 can reach the light receiver 203 or the light intensity is relatively strong, thereby forming bright stripes on the light receiver 203, while the light reflection area 401 and the light reflection The light signal 2002 reflected at the junction of the area 401 cannot reach the light receiver 203 or the light intensity is weak due to angle reasons, thereby forming dark stripes on the light receiver 203.
  • the detected light signal through the light detection area 2021 is in the light receiving area.
  • the light and dark stripe pattern shown in Figure 5 appears on the device, and the direction of the stripes is consistent with the direction of the rotation axis.
  • the optical path experienced by the detection light signal formed by the incident light signal passing through the same light reflection region 401 reaching the light receiver is different, and the brightness and width of the same bright stripe in the direction of the rotation axis, that is, the y-axis direction are also different.
  • the fringe pattern received at the optical receiver 203 will be displaced in the direction of the x-axis along with the rotation of the rotating component 202 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
  • the phase and amplitude of the electrical signal output by the optical receiver It changes accordingly, so that the movement information such as the rotation angle, rotation displacement, and rotation speed of the rotating member 202 can be detected through the moving direction of the fringe pattern on the x-axis and the displacement of the fringe movement, and the rotation motion in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis can be performed. detection.
  • the brightness and width of the fringe pattern along the y-axis direction are different, and the spacing between adjacent stripes is also different along the y-axis direction.
  • the movement information such as the displacement amount, moving direction, and moving speed of the rotating member 202 in the y-axis direction can be detected according to the brightness of the fringe pattern on the y-axis and the fringe spacing, and the direction of the rotation axis can be determined. Displacement detection on the .
  • FIG. 6 shows the corresponding relationship between the electrical signal output by the optical receiver of an optical encoder of the present application and the fringe pattern.
  • the sine wave shown in FIG. 6 is only an example, and the electrical signal output by the optical receiver 203 may also be a square wave, a triangle wave, or the like.
  • the amplitude of the electrical signal is proportional to the brightness of the fringe pattern, and one bright fringe and one dark fringe constitute a periodic sine wave.
  • the detection light signal reflected by the light detection region will present a fringe pattern along the direction of the rotation axis on the light receiver, benefiting from the clamping
  • the stripe pattern can simultaneously detect the motion information in the direction of the rotation axis and the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, so that the optical encoder can perform multi-dimensional motion information detection, effectively expanding its function and application.
  • the rotating component 402 has 40-60 concave light reflecting regions 401, and the radius of curvature of the light reflecting regions 401 is 0.1-10 mm.
  • the concave mirror is used to condense the light, so that the incident light signal is converged after passing through the light detection area, which can improve the light-dark contrast of the fringe pattern received at the light receiver, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the optical encoder.
  • the light reflection area 401 is an S-shaped curved surface.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another rotating component of the present application.
  • the light reflection area 401 includes: a first surface 4001 and a second surface 4002, and the first surface 4001 and the second surface 4002 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.
  • the cross-section is star-shaped.
  • the bottom surface of the truncated circular rotating member 202 and the cross-section parallel to the bottom surface are polygonal stars; It can be flat, convex, concave, S-shaped curved surface, etc.
  • two surfaces forming an included angle can achieve a concentrating effect similar to a concave surface, thereby improving the light-dark contrast of the fringe pattern received at the light receiver and improving the detection accuracy of the optical encoder.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another rotating component of the present application.
  • the light detection area 2021 includes: multiple light absorption areas 801 and multiple light reflection areas 802 .
  • the light absorption region 801 is used to absorb at least part of the incident light signal 2001
  • the light reflection region 802 is used to reflect at least part of the incident light signal 2001 to the light receiver 203;
  • the directions of the outwardly facing surfaces are arranged alternately so that the detection light signal 2002 produces alternating light and dark stripes on the light receiver 203 .
  • the light absorbing region 801 and the light reflecting region 802 have the same shape.
  • the optical absorption properties and optical reflection properties of the light-absorbing region and the light-reflecting region are different, respectively appearing as dark stripes and bright stripes on the light receiver, which are alternately arranged on the rotating part to form light and dark on the light receiver Alternating stripes pattern.
  • the principle of motion detection is similar to that of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
  • the light absorbing area 801 can be a non-reflective plane or curved surface such as a plane, a convex surface, a concave surface, or an S-shaped curved surface
  • the light reflecting area 802 can also be a reflective plane or curved surface such as a plane, convex surface, concave surface, or an S-shaped curved surface.
  • the light-absorbing regions are grooves. It should be understood that the groove points to a groove-like structure that is depressed in a direction close to the rotation axis.
  • the light-absorbing region is a groove structure, and the energy of the incident light signal is consumed by multiple reflections of the incident light signal in the groove to achieve the light-absorbing effect, which can improve the light-dark contrast of the light-dark stripe pattern on the light receiver, Therefore, the detection accuracy of the optical encoder is improved.
  • the detected light signal passing through the light detection area will present a light and dark stripe pattern extending along the direction of the rotation axis on the light receiver, and the optical encoder can detect multi-dimensional Motion information; the design of the light absorption area and the light reflection area makes the light and dark contrast of the stripe pattern strong, which improves the detection accuracy while realizing the multi-functional detection of the optical encoder.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another rotating component of the present application.
  • the light detection area 2021 includes:
  • a light reflection area 902 configured to reflect at least part of the incident light signal 2001 to the light receiver 203;
  • the light-absorbing regions 901 and the light-reflecting regions 902 are helically and alternately arranged on the outward surface of the rotating component 203 along a direction around the rotation axis.
  • the light absorbing region 901 and the light reflecting region 902 are spirally arranged on the truncated circular rotating member 202 from the upper bottom surface of the rotating member 202 to the lower bottom surface of the rotating member 202 along the rotation axis direction.
  • 901 is a light-absorbing area, which is set as a non-reflective plane or curved surface such as a plane, a convex surface, a concave surface, or an S-shaped curve, or is coated with a light-absorbing material
  • 902 is a light-reflecting area, which is set as a plane, convex surface, or concave surface. , S-shaped surface and other reflective flat or curved surface.
  • 901 when 901 is configured as a reflective plane or curved surface such as a plane, convex surface, concave surface, or S-shaped curved surface, 902 is configured as a non-reflective flat or curved surface such as a flat surface, convex surface, concave surface, or S-shaped curved surface, or coated with light.
  • 901 is the light-absorbing area
  • 902 is the light-reflecting area.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the detection principle of the rotating component 202 shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the optical signal at the light-absorbing region 901 is projected onto the optical receiver 203 through the optical path 1001, which appears as dark fringes or bright fringes with weak light intensity; the optical signal at the light-emitting region 902 Projected onto the light receiver 203 through the light path 1002 , it appears as bright stripes or bright stripes with strong light intensity, thereby forming a light and dark stripe pattern on the light receiver 203 , and the light and dark stripes are perpendicular to the rotation axis 204 .
  • the fringe pattern will be displaced along the direction of the rotation axis at a speed and direction corresponding to the rotational angular velocity and direction of the rotating component, so that the optical encoder can detect the angle information related to the rotation of the rotating component 202 and the rotation information in the direction of the rotation axis ;
  • the brightness of the stripe pattern along the direction of the rotation axis and the spacing of the stripes change accordingly with the displacement of the rotating part 202 in the direction of the rotation axis 204, so that the optical encoder can detect the displacement in the direction of the rotation axis and realize the multi-dimensional optical encoder motion detection.
  • the optical encoder 200 further includes: a lens disposed between the rotating component 202 and the light receiver 203 for adjusting the focus position of the detection light signal 2002 .
  • the lens can change the focus position of the detected optical signal, so that the optical receiver can be arranged at a position closer to the rotating component or farther away from the rotating component as required.
  • the space occupied by the components of the optical encoder can be further saved, making the optical encoder more miniaturized.
  • the optical encoder 200 further includes: a processing unit connected to the optical receiver 203 for determining the motion information of the rotating component 202 according to the electrical signal.
  • the motion information includes at least one of the following information: the rotation angle of the rotating component, the rotating speed of the rotating component, the displacement of the rotating component in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, and the displacement of the rotation component in the direction of the rotation axis.
  • the light receiver 203 when the rotating member 202 shown in FIGS. 4a-4c rotates, the light receiver 203 has a plurality of photoelectric sensors arranged side by side along the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, and the light receiver 203 sends periodic electrical signals to the processing unit,
  • the angle corresponding to each cycle can be expressed by the following formula:
  • p represents the number of bright stripes or dark stripes alternately distributed on the surface of the rotating component 202 (the number of bright and dark stripes is equal), and ⁇ represents the angle corresponding to each cycle of the electrical signal.
  • the rotation angle of the rotating component 202 can be determined by calculating the change of the initial phase value corresponding to the cycle.
  • the light receiver 203 is a photosensor array comprising n photosensors, when two adjacent stripes (bright stripes or dark stripes) of the rotating part 202 can just be distributed in the photosensor array along the optical path 1001
  • the rotation angle of the rotating member 202 can be calculated according to the translation of the stripes caused by the rotation of the rotating member 202 along the direction of the rotation axis, and the calculation formula is as follows:
  • k is the serial number of the photosensor where the current stripe is located in the photosensor array
  • ⁇ is the current rotation angle
  • n is the total number of photosensors
  • a is the included angle.
  • the processing unit when detecting the displacement in the direction of the rotation axis, can detect it according to the integration result of the fringe brightness of the fringe pattern in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.
  • the integration result is shown in FIG. 11 .
  • the amplitude of the signal and the trend of the amplitude of the electrical signal in the vicinity of the location detect the axial displacement of the location.
  • the optical encoder 200 further includes: a control unit, which is connected with the processing unit and the light transmitter 201 , for acquiring motion information and controlling the light transmitter 201 to emit the incident light signal 2001 .
  • control unit is connected to the processing unit and the light emitter at the same time, and can simultaneously control the light emitter while communicating with the processing unit, thereby adjusting the light emitter in real time according to the movement of the rotating parts.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device 1200 including the optical encoder 200 described in any possible embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 1200 is an electronic watch, and the electronic watch 1200 includes:
  • the crown is arranged on the casing and is used to receive user's operation;
  • the optical encoder 200 described in any possible embodiment of the present application is coupled to the crown, and is used to detect the user's operation on the crown.
  • the rotating component through the design of the rotating component, the rotating component has a photodetection area that forms an acute angle with the rotation axis, and the acute angle enables the incident light signal perpendicular to the rotation axis to be emitted by the photodetection area to form detection light with maximum light intensity.
  • the signal is received by the receiving light receiver and used for motion detection, thereby improving the light utilization rate and saving the power consumption of the optical encoder; the embodiment of the application also has a special structural design for the light detection area, so that the light projected to the light receiver
  • the detection light signal at the position can form a light and dark fringe pattern, and the fringe pattern can be used to detect motion information in multiple directions, which enriches the functions of the optical encoder and enables the electronic device to detect rotation input and press input at the same time .
  • the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application may include devices that can realize complete or partial functions, such as smart phones, smart watches, or smart glasses; Devices used in conjunction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for physical sign monitoring.
  • the depth detection device can be used to measure the depth information of the detection target, and the control unit can receive the depth information to operate and control at least one function of the electronic device, for example, it can perform distance-based
  • the camera can assist focusing, or unlock the electronic device according to the depth information, and so on.

Abstract

Codeur optique (200) et dispositif électronique (1200). Le codeur optique (200) comprend : un élément rotatif (202) ; un émetteur optique (201) permettant d'émettre un signal lumineux incident (2001) vers l'élément rotatif (202), l'élément rotatif (202) ayant un axe de rotation (204), qui passe à travers son centre géométrique, et une région de détection optique (2021), qui est agencée autour de la surface de l'élément rotatif (202) orientée vers l'extérieur, un angle inclus (a) existant entre un plan tangent de la région de détection optique (2021) et l'axe de rotation (204), l'angle inclus (a) étant un angle aigu ; et un récepteur optique (203) permettant de recevoir un signal lumineux détecté (2002) après que le signal lumineux incident (2001) passe à travers la région de détection optique (2021), puis de générer un signal électrique en fonction du signal lumineux détecté (2002) de façon à déterminer des informations de mouvement de l'élément rotatif (202). L'angle inclus (a), qui est un angle aigu, existe entre le plan tangent de la région de détection optique (2021) sur la surface de l'élément rotatif (202) et l'axe de rotation (204), de sorte que la partie d'un faisceau lumineux émis par l'émetteur optique (201) ayant la plus grande énergie est réfléchie par la région de détection optique (2021) et ensuite reçue par le récepteur optique (203), ce qui empêche le gaspillage de signaux optiques, améliore le taux d'utilisation de lumière du codeur optique (200) et réduit la consommation d'énergie du codeur optique (200).
PCT/CN2021/138903 2021-09-09 2021-12-16 Codeur optique et dispositif électronique WO2023035476A1 (fr)

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