WO2023028735A1 - 太阳能利用单元及其组合结构 - Google Patents

太阳能利用单元及其组合结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023028735A1
WO2023028735A1 PCT/CN2021/115242 CN2021115242W WO2023028735A1 WO 2023028735 A1 WO2023028735 A1 WO 2023028735A1 CN 2021115242 W CN2021115242 W CN 2021115242W WO 2023028735 A1 WO2023028735 A1 WO 2023028735A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
energy utilization
liquid
cavity
concentrating device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/115242
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡笑平
Original Assignee
博立多媒体控股有限公司
胡笑平
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 博立多媒体控股有限公司, 胡笑平 filed Critical 博立多媒体控股有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/115242 priority Critical patent/WO2023028735A1/zh
Priority to CN202180101240.9A priority patent/CN117837077A/zh
Priority to AU2021462649A priority patent/AU2021462649A1/en
Priority to CA3230645A priority patent/CA3230645A1/en
Publication of WO2023028735A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023028735A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/20Optical components
    • H02S40/22Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40Thermal components
    • H02S40/44Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • This application relates to light energy conversion utilization structure.
  • the solar energy utilization device is used to recycle solar energy, such as generating solar power through photovoltaic panels. As the cost of photovoltaic panels decreases and efficiency increases, solar energy utilization devices are increasingly used. However, the current low-power concentrating solar device can further improve the concentrating efficiency of solar energy.
  • This application mainly provides a new type of solar energy utilization unit and its combined structure to demonstrate a new solar energy utilization structure.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a solar energy utilization unit, including:
  • a light energy utilization device the light energy utilization device has a first light energy utilization part and a second light energy utilization part arranged away from each other, and the first light energy utilization part and the second light energy utilization part can receive and convert sunshine;
  • a liquid concentrating device has an accommodating cavity, the accommodating cavity is filled with a transparent liquid, the accommodating cavity has a light-transmitting cavity wall, and the sunlight can pass through the light-transmitting cavity wall transmitted into the transparent liquid;
  • the light energy utilization device is arranged in the accommodating cavity, outside the accommodating cavity or on the wall of the accommodating cavity, and the first light energy utilization part faces the accommodating cavity
  • the liquid light concentrating device or transparent liquid is provided, and the liquid light concentrating device forms a structure capable of transmitting and/or totally reflecting sunlight to the first light energy utilization part;
  • a reflective structure a light inlet for sunlight to enter is left between the reflective structure and the liquid concentrating device, and a light is formed between the reflective structure and the second light energy utilization part and the liquid concentrating device.
  • the light inlet communicates with the light reflective cavity, and the reflective structure can reflect the sunlight entering the light reflective cavity to the second light energy utilization part.
  • the light reflection cavity is distributed on at least one side of the liquid light concentrating device and the light energy utilization device and below the second light energy utilization part.
  • the reflective structure is a trough-shaped structure
  • the light energy utilization device and the liquid concentrating device are arranged in the trough-shaped structure
  • the trough-shaped structure has an internal reflection surface to reflect sunlight to the second light energy utilization part.
  • one side wall of the groove-like structure overlaps with a part of the cavity wall of the liquid light concentrating device, and the opposite side wall on the other side is separated from the liquid light concentrating device to form the light reflection cavity.
  • the part of the cavity wall is a light-transmitting cavity wall.
  • the two opposite side walls of the groove structure are separated from the liquid light concentrating device to form the light reflection cavity.
  • the cavity wall of the liquid light concentrating device facing the light reflection cavity is a transparent cavity wall, a single-sided reflective cavity wall, or a double-sided reflective cavity wall.
  • the liquid concentrating device has a structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and at least the top wall of the liquid concentrating device is a light-transmitting cavity wall, so that the sunlight can be transmitted through the top wall into the transparent liquid.
  • it further includes a light-transmitting cover plate, the light-transmitting cover plate forms a closed structure with the reflective structure and/or the liquid light concentrating device, and the light energy utilization device is located in the closed structure.
  • the light energy utilizing device, the liquid concentrating device and the reflective structure extend along the same direction to form a strip structure.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a combined structure of solar energy utilization units, including at least two solar energy utilization units as described in any one of the above.
  • the solar energy utilization units are arranged side by side, and a cavity is formed between adjacent solar energy utilization units, and a heat utilization working medium, a rechargeable battery and/or a control circuit board are arranged in the cavity.
  • the solar energy utilization units are arranged side by side, the reflective structures of at least two adjacent solar energy utilization units are connected, and a cavity is surrounded by two adjacent liquid concentrating devices, and the cavity
  • a second liquid light concentrating device and a second light energy utilization device are provided, and the second light energy utilization device has a first light energy utilization part and a second light energy utilization part arranged away from each other, and the second light energy utilization part
  • the first light energy utilization part of the device is set upwards to receive sunlight incident on it from above
  • the second liquid light concentrating device is located below the second light energy utilization device
  • the second light energy utilization device The second light energy utilization part faces the second liquid concentrating device or serves as a cavity wall of the second liquid concentrating device to receive sunlight collected from the second liquid concentrating device.
  • the second liquid concentrating device is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the narrow part at the lower end of the second liquid concentrating device is connected to the reflective structures of two adjacent solar energy utilization units so as to be connected with the Two adjacent solar energy utilization units surround respective light reflection cavities.
  • At least part of the cavity wall of the second liquid light concentrating device facing the liquid light concentrating device on both sides is a transparent cavity wall.
  • the second liquid light concentrating device and the adjacent liquid light concentrating devices on both sides share or overlap the cavity wall, and the common cavity wall or the overlapped cavity wall is a transparent cavity wall or double-sided reflective wall.
  • the cavity wall of the second liquid concentrating device and the solar energy utilization units on both sides respectively enclose the light reflection cavity, and at least part of the second liquid concentrating device faces the light reflection cavity.
  • the cavity wall of the cavity is a light-transmitting cavity wall.
  • the second liquid light concentrating device communicates with the reflective structures of the solar energy utilization units on both sides in a heat conduction manner.
  • liquid concentrating devices of adjacent solar energy utilization units are separated from each other to form independent cavities or connected to one cavity.
  • the solar energy utilization unit of the above-mentioned embodiment includes a light energy utilization device, a liquid light concentrating device, and a reflective structure.
  • the light energy utilization device has a first light energy utilization part and a second light energy utilization part arranged away from each other, and the first light energy utilization part and the second light energy utilization part can receive and convert sunlight.
  • the liquid light concentrating device has an accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is filled with transparent liquid; Facing the liquid concentrating device or the transparent liquid, the liquid concentrating device forms a structure capable of transmitting and/or totally reflecting sunlight to the first light energy utilization part.
  • a light inlet for sunlight to enter is left between the reflective structure and the liquid concentrating device, and a light reflection cavity is formed between the reflective structure, the second light energy utilization part and the liquid concentrator, and the light inlet communicates with the light reflection cavity , the reflection structure can reflect the sunlight entering the light reflection cavity to the second light energy utilization part.
  • both sides of the first light energy utilization part and the second light energy utilization part away from each other from the light energy utilization device can absorb and utilize sunlight, thereby improving the concentration and utilization efficiency of sunlight.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a solar energy utilization unit in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the combined structure of solar energy utilization units in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a combined structure of solar energy utilization units in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a combined structure of solar energy utilization units in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the combined structure of solar utilization units in another embodiment of the present application.
  • connection and “connection” mentioned in this application include direct and indirect connection (connection) unless otherwise specified.
  • This embodiment provides a solar energy utilization unit, which is used to receive and utilize sunlight for energy conversion, and convert sunlight into electrical energy, heat energy and other forms of energy for people to use. At the same time, this embodiment also provides a combined structure in which solar energy utilization units are used in combination, so as to further improve the collection and utilization efficiency of solar energy through combination.
  • the solar energy utilization unit C shown in this embodiment includes a light energy utilization device 100 , a liquid light concentrating device 200 and a reflective structure 300 .
  • the light energy utilization device 100 has a first light energy utilization unit 110 and a second light energy utilization unit 120 arranged away from each other, and the first light energy utilization unit 110 and the second light energy utilization unit 120 can receive and convert sunlight.
  • the light energy utilization device 100 may be one or more of a double-sided photovoltaic panel, a photothermal utilization device, a photoelectric and thermal energy comprehensive utilization device, and a concentrating light energy utilization device.
  • the photovoltaic panel generally refers to any device that directly converts light energy into electrical energy, including various semiconductor photovoltaic panels, photovoltaic thin films, and quantum dot photoelectric conversion devices.
  • the first light energy utilization part 110 and the second light energy utilization part 120 may also be other forms of sunlight utilization conversion structures.
  • the liquid focusing device 200 has an accommodating cavity filled with a transparent liquid 201 .
  • Part or all of the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity is a transparent cavity wall (for example, it may include one or more of the transparent side wall 220, the transparent top wall 210, and the transparent bottom wall 230), and the sunlight can pass through the transparent cavity.
  • the walls are transmitted into the transparent liquid 201 .
  • the liquid concentrating device 200 forms a structure capable of transmitting and/or totally reflecting sunlight to the first light energy utilization part 110, that is, the sunlight injected into the transparent liquid 201 can be directly transmitted from the transparent liquid 201 to the first light energy utilization part 110.
  • the part 110 can also be finally reflected to the first light energy utilization part 110 through the total reflection phenomenon formed between the transparent liquid 201 and the light-transmitting cavity wall, or the sunlight can be directed to the first light energy utilization part 110 through some reflective cavity walls.
  • a light energy utilization part 110 reflects.
  • the structure of the liquid concentrating device 200 is set such that the sunlight from a certain angle, which is emitted from the transparent liquid 201 to the wall of the light-transmitting cavity, can form a phenomenon of total reflection (or called total internal reflection), that is, from Sunlight at a certain angle will not be emitted from the wall of the light-transmitting cavity, but will continue to propagate in the liquid light concentrating device 200 under the action of total reflection, and finally collect on the first light energy utilization part 110 .
  • the sunlight emitted from the transparent liquid 201 to the wall of the transparent cavity from other angles may be transmitted to the reflective structure 300, where it is concentrated to the second light energy utilization device 100. Section 120. If such transmission is not desired, then the corresponding cavity walls can be set as single-sided or double-sided reflective cavity walls, so as to prevent sunlight from emitting from these cavity walls to the outside of the liquid concentrating device 200 .
  • the accommodating cavity has a light-transmitting top wall 210 , a light-transmitting side wall 220 and a light-transmitting bottom wall 230 .
  • the light-transmitting sidewall 220 is inclined, and the sunlight in the transparent liquid 201 can be transmitted from the light-transmitting sidewall 220 to the reflective structure 300 or totally reflected to the first light energy utilization part 110 of the light energy utilization device 100 .
  • the liquid concentrating device 200 with inclined light-transmitting sidewalls 220 can adapt to incident light with a larger deflection angle, not only for the regressive north-south deflection of sunlight, but also for the east-west deflection of sunlight.
  • the light-transmitting sidewall 220 may be formed of one or a combination of planes, folded surfaces, and curved surfaces. In another embodiment, at least a part of the light-transmitting sidewall 220 may also be provided with a single-sided or double-sided reflective surface.
  • the light-transmitting side wall 220 in this embodiment not only plays the role of light transmission, but also plays the role of total reflection. Compared with the prior art, under the same conditions, the liquid concentrating device 200 can gather more sunlight to the first light energy utilization part 110, increasing the light concentrating ratio.
  • the light energy utilization device 100 is arranged inside, outside of the accommodation cavity or on a cavity wall forming the accommodation cavity, and the first light energy utilization part 110 is arranged facing the liquid concentrating device 200 or the transparent liquid 201 . At least a part of the sunlight emitted from the transparent liquid 201 to the wall of the light-transmitting cavity in the accommodating cavity forms a total reflection phenomenon, converging the sunlight toward the first light energy utilization portion 110 .
  • the light energy utilization device 100 can be located outside the liquid concentrating device 200, and the first light energy utilization part 110 is attached to the liquid concentrating device 200, so that the sunlight in the liquid concentrating device 200 can be concentrated to On the first light energy utilization part 110 .
  • the first light energy utilization part 110 is directly disposed in the accommodating cavity, or, the first light energy utilization part 110 constitutes part of the cavity wall of the liquid light concentrating device 200 .
  • the arrangement between the second liquid light concentrating device 600 and the second light energy utilization device 700 described below can also be arranged using the above structure.
  • the liquid concentrating device 200 has a light-transmitting bottom wall 220 made of a light-transmitting material, and the first light energy utilization part 110 and the outside of the light-transmitting bottom wall 220 Bonding, for example, the first light energy utilization part 110 is fixedly connected to the outside of the liquid concentrating device 200 .
  • sunlight is concentrated on the upper part 110 of the first light energy utilization part 110 .
  • the light energy utilization device 100 can be directly immersed in the transparent liquid 201 , and the first light energy utilization part 110 can directly receive sunlight transmitted from the transparent liquid 201 .
  • the first light energy utilization part 110 is used as a part of the liquid concentrating device 200, the outer wall of the first light energy utilization part 110 (the side surface for receiving sunlight) and the light-transmitting side wall 220 connected directly or indirectly and form the bottom wall of the accommodating cavity.
  • the transparent liquid 201 basically fills up the entire accommodating cavity, so as to obtain a better effect.
  • the transparent liquid 201 is used as the light propagation medium.
  • the transparent liquid 201 may be deionized pure water, glycerin, alcohol, ethylene glycol or a mixture thereof.
  • the liquid focusing device 200 and the second liquid focusing device 600 can use the same or different transparent liquids to achieve different effects.
  • the transparent liquid 201 can also directly or indirectly form a heat transfer structure with the first light energy utilization part 110 and the second light energy utilization part 120, and further affect the first light energy utilization part 110 and the second light energy utilization part 120. To cool down or absorb heat, improve light energy utilization.
  • FIGS. 1-5 there is a light inlet for sunlight to enter between the reflective structure 300 and the liquid concentrating device 200 , and the reflective structure 300 and the second light energy utilization part 120 and the liquid concentrating device 200 A light reflection cavity 310 is formed between them, and the light inlet communicates with the light reflection cavity 310 .
  • the cavity wall of the liquid concentrating device 200 facing the light reflecting cavity 310 may be a transparent cavity wall, a single reflective cavity wall or a double reflective cavity wall facing the transparent liquid 201 or the light reflective cavity 310 . Sunlight can enter the light reflection cavity 310 from the light inlet.
  • sunlight can also pass through the light-transmitting cavity wall (such as the light-transmitting side wall 220 or other light-transmitting cavity walls) of the liquid concentrating device 200. transmitted into the light reflection cavity 310.
  • the reflection structure 300 can reflect sunlight entering the light reflection cavity 310 to the second light energy utilization part 120 , so that more sunlight can be absorbed and utilized by the second light energy utilization part 120 .
  • the light reflection cavity 310 is distributed on at least one side of the liquid concentrating device 200 and the light energy utilization device 100 and below the second light energy utilization part 120 , so as to better gather sunlight to the second light energy utilization part 120 .
  • it can be arranged around the liquid concentrating device 200 and the light energy utilization device 100, or it can only be arranged on one or more sides of the liquid concentrating device 200 and the light energy utilization device 100, so as to receive the sunlight that irradiates these areas, and the liquid Some sunlight outside the receiving range of the light concentrating device 200 is reflected to the second light energy utilizing part 120 of the light energy utilization device 100 and the liquid light concentrating device 200 to improve the light concentrating efficiency of the light energy utilization device 100 .
  • the reflective structure 300 is disposed on the outside and bottom of the liquid concentrating device 200 , for example, on one or more sides of the liquid concentrating device 200 .
  • the reflective structure 300 has a reflective surface, which can use various structures capable of reflecting sunlight, such as reflective Fresnel lenses, reflective mirrors, high-reflective coatings, and the like.
  • the reflective structure 300 can not only converge directly to the second light energy utilization part 120 , but also converge sunlight toward the liquid light concentrating device 200 .
  • the reflective structure 300 can also increase the range in which the liquid concentrating device 200 receives sunlight, More sunlight can be collected to irradiate the liquid concentrating device 200 , for example, reflected by the reflective structure 300 onto the light-transmitting sidewall 220 of the liquid concentrating device 200 , and finally guided to the first light energy utilization part 110 . Even if sunlight passes through the liquid concentrating device 200 , it is more likely to be reflected by the reflective structure 300 to the second light energy utilization part 120 of the light energy utilization device 100 because it is refracted by the transparent liquid.
  • the reflective structure 300 can adopt any feasible structure to achieve the above functions and effects. Please refer to FIGS. 1-5.
  • the trough-shaped structure has an internal reflection surface to reflect sunlight to the second light energy utilization portion 120 .
  • one side wall of the reflective structure 300 of the trough structure coincides with a part of the cavity wall of the liquid concentrating device 200 (such as the right cavity wall of the liquid concentrating device 200 shown in the figure) , the opposite side wall on the other side is separated from the liquid light concentrating device 200 to form a light reflection cavity 310 .
  • This structure makes the structure of the whole solar utilization unit more compact.
  • this part of the cavity wall such as the right cavity wall of the liquid concentrating device 200 shown in the figure
  • this part of the cavity wall is a light-transmitting cavity wall, it can also receive radiation from this side (such as the right side of the figure) incoming sunlight.
  • the two opposite side walls of the groove structure are separated from the liquid light concentrating device 200 to form a light reflection cavity 310, that is, the light reflection cavity 310 is distributed at least on opposite sides of the liquid light concentration device 200 On the side, the coverage area of the light reflection cavity 310 is enlarged, so that more sunlight can enter the light reflection cavity 310 .
  • the liquid light concentrating device 200 can adopt a regular or irregular shape, mainly to achieve the above purpose. Considering that sunlight enters from above, in order to receive more sunlight, the liquid concentrating device 200 can have a structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. At least the top wall of the liquid concentrating device 200 is a light-transmitting cavity wall, so that Sunlight can be transmitted into the transparent liquid 201 from the top wall.
  • the vertical section of the liquid light concentrating device 200 is wedge-shaped, and the top wall 210 is larger than the bottom wall 230 to achieve the light concentrating effect.
  • this shape is only an example, and other shapes can also be adopted, such as an inverted triangle in a vertical section, a basin shape, and the like.
  • a light-transmitting cover plate 400 is also included.
  • the light-transmitting cover plate 400 forms a closed structure with the reflective structure 300 and/or the liquid concentrating device 200, and the light energy utilization device 100 is located in the closed structure. Referring to FIGS. 1-5 , in an embodiment, the light-transmitting cover 400 closes the reflective structure 300 to form a closed structure.
  • the light-transmitting cover plate 400 may be a Fresnel lens surface or other light-transmitting structures.
  • the light energy utilization device 100, the liquid concentrating device 200 and the reflective structure 300 extend along the same direction to form a strip structure.
  • the vertical sections shown in FIGS. 1-5 extend in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawings, thereby forming strip-like structures.
  • this embodiment also provides a combination structure of solar energy utilization units, which includes at least two solar energy utilization units as shown in any of the above embodiments, which are used in combination to improve the concentration and utilization of sunlight efficiency.
  • the solar energy utilization units are arranged side by side, and a cavity 501 is formed between adjacent solar energy utilization units, and a heat utilization working medium 503, a rechargeable battery and/or a control circuit are arranged in the cavity 501 plate.
  • the heat utilization working medium 503 can not only be used for heat conversion and utilization, but also can cool down the solar energy utilization unit and improve the conversion efficiency of the solar energy utilization unit.
  • the solar energy utilization units are arranged side by side, the reflective structures 300 of at least two adjacent solar energy utilization units are connected, and a cavity is surrounded by two adjacent liquid concentrating devices 200 501.
  • the cavity 501 is provided with a second liquid light concentrating device 600 and a second light energy utilization device 700 .
  • the second light energy utilization device 700 has the same structure as the above light energy utilization device 100 .
  • the second light energy utilization device 700 has a first light energy utilization part 710 and a second light energy utilization part 720 arranged away from each other, and the first light energy utilization part 710 of the second light energy utilization device 700 is arranged upwards to receive light from Sunlight shining on it from above.
  • the structure of the second liquid light concentrating device 600 is the same as that of the liquid light concentrating device 200 described above, but which chamber walls are transparent and which are opaque can be selected according to the actual effect.
  • the second liquid light concentrating device 600 is located below the second light energy utilization device 700, and the second light energy utilization part 720 of the second light energy utilization device 700 faces the second liquid light concentrating device 600 or serves as the second liquid light concentrating device 600 to receive sunlight collected from the second liquid concentrating device 600 .
  • Adding the second liquid light concentrating device 600 and the second light energy utilization device 700 between adjacent solar energy utilization units can gather and utilize more sunlight, making the light utilization efficiency of the entire composite structure higher.
  • the cavity 501 may be a closed cavity 501 .
  • the second liquid light concentrating device 600 can adopt any feasible shape and structure.
  • the second liquid concentrating device 600 is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom (Fig. 4 is an example), and the narrow part at the lower end of the second liquid concentrating device 600 is the same as that of two adjacent solar energy utilization units.
  • the reflection structures 300 are connected to form respective light reflection cavities 310 with two adjacent solar energy utilization units.
  • the cavity walls 620 of the second liquid concentrating device 600 facing the liquid concentrating devices 200 on both sides are at least partially light-transmitting cavity walls.
  • the second liquid concentrating device 600 shares or overlaps the cavity walls of the adjacent liquid concentrating devices 200 on both sides ( Figure 5 is an example), and the shared or superimposed cavity walls are Transparent cavity wall or double-sided reflective cavity wall.
  • the cavity wall 620 of the second liquid concentrating device 600 and the solar energy utilization units on both sides respectively enclose the light reflection cavity 310, and the second At least part of the cavity wall 620 of the liquid light concentrating device 600 facing the light reflecting cavity 310 is a light-transmitting cavity wall.
  • the second liquid light concentrating device 600 is a pentagonal structure with an inverted vertical section. Setting the inverted pentagonal structure can significantly reduce the height of the combined structure and the temperature of the light energy utilization device 100 .
  • the second liquid concentrating device 600 communicates with the reflective structures 300 of the solar energy utilization units on both sides in a heat conduction manner.
  • liquid concentrating devices 200 of the adjacent solar energy utilization units are separated from each other to form independent cavities or connected to one cavity.
  • FIG. 1 this embodiment discloses a solar energy utilization unit C
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the solar energy utilization unit C.
  • the vertical and horizontal directions mentioned in this embodiment and other embodiments are based on the placement directions shown in the figures. Since the actual application of the solar energy utilization device may adjust its direction according to the terrain, latitude and longitude, the orientation of the illustration may be different from the actual application of the solar energy utilization device.
  • the solar energy utilization unit C includes a light energy utilization device 100 , a liquid concentrating device 200 , a reflective structure 300 and a transparent cover plate 400 (can be omitted).
  • the liquid light concentrating device 200 is a closed structure, enclosing a closed accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is filled with transparent liquid 201 .
  • the liquid light concentrating device 200 has a light-transmitting top wall 210 , a light-transmitting side wall 220 and a light-transmitting bottom wall 230 .
  • the dotted line in the figure indicates that the cavity wall is a transparent surface.
  • the light energy utilization device 100 is arranged under the liquid concentrating device 200, and has a first light energy utilization part 110 and a second light energy utilization part 120 capable of receiving and converting sunlight.
  • the first light energy utilization part 110 facing upwards, the second light energy utilizing part 120 faces downwards.
  • the first light energy utilization part 110 is disposed against the transparent bottom wall 220 of the liquid concentrating device 200 , so that sunlight can pass through the light transparent bottom wall 220 and enter the first light energy utilization part 110 .
  • the light-transmitting bottom wall 220 is in close contact with the first light energy utilizing portion 110 , they are shown together.
  • the first light energy utilization part 110 of the light energy utilization device 100 can also be used as the bottom wall of the liquid light concentrating device 200 , so that there is no need to additionally provide a transparent bottom wall 220 .
  • the first light energy utilization part 110 of the light energy utilization device 100 may also be disposed in the accommodating cavity of the liquid light concentrating device 200 .
  • reflective structure 300 is arranged on the outside and the bottom of bar-shaped liquid concentrating device 200, forms light reflective cavity 310 between reflective structure 300 and liquid concentrating device 200 and second light energy utilization part 120, and light reflective cavity 310 has a light inlet of the reflection structure 300 for sunlight to enter the light reflection cavity 310.
  • the reflection structure 300 reflects a part of the sunlight entering the light reflection cavity 310 to the second light energy utilization part 120, and part of it enters the light reflection cavity
  • the sunlight in 310 is reflected to the light-transmitting sidewall 220 of the liquid concentrating device 200 , and then enters the interior of the liquid concentrating device 200 .
  • there is a gap between the reflective structure 300 and the strip-shaped liquid light concentrating device 200 and the gap forms a light inlet of the light reflective cavity 310 .
  • the reflective structure 300 is a groove-shaped structure.
  • the trough structure has an internal reflection surface to reflect sunlight to the second light energy utilization portion 120 .
  • One side wall of the groove-like structure coincides with a light-transmitting side wall 220 of the strip-shaped liquid concentrating device 200 (the two can overlap or share one wall), and the opposite side wall is separated from the reflective structure 300 .
  • the right side wall of the reflective structure 300 is connected to the light-transmitting side wall 220 on the right side of the figure, and the left side wall is separated from the strip-shaped liquid concentrating device 200 on the left side of the figure, leaving a reflective structure 300 light inlets for sunlight to enter.
  • Figure 1 shows the convergence of two incident lights L1 and L2.
  • the first type is a process in which the incident light L1 is refracted by the light-transmitting top wall 210 of the bar-shaped liquid concentrating device 200 , and then totally reflected by the light-transmitting side wall 220 to the first light energy utilization part 110 . That is, the refraction and total reflection functions of the transparent liquid 201 in the liquid light concentrating device 200 are fully utilized to realize the light concentrating effect. That is to say, the light-transmitting sidewall 210 has two functions at the same time: one is to transmit the incident light from the outside or transmit the light from the transparent liquid 201 to the reflective structure 300 through one surface, and the other is to completely reflect the light through one surface. Light from transparent liquid 201.
  • the incident light L2 is reflected by the side of the reflective structure 300 , and then reflected by the bottom of the reflective structure 300 to the second light utilization part 120 .
  • the transparent liquid 201 can also be used to cool or absorb heat of the light energy utilization device 100 to improve the light energy utilization rate of the light energy utilization device 100 .
  • the light energy utilization device 100, the liquid concentrating device 200, and the reflective structure 300 are aligned in the same direction (that is, the horizontal direction perpendicular to the plane of Figure 1) Extended to form a strip-like structure.
  • Figure 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional view at a certain position in the direction of its extension.
  • the unit can also be designed as a neat structure, for example, the vertical section at any point along the extension direction of the unit is the shape shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the light-transmitting cover 400 connects the reflective structure 300 into a closed structure to prevent dust and snow.
  • This embodiment can be used in scene applications where light has a strong tendency. For example, vertical installation or horizontal installation at high latitudes.
  • FIG. 2 this embodiment discloses a composite structure applied to solar energy utilization units, and FIG. 2 shows a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the composite structure. Figure 2 shows a situation where two solar energy utilization units are used together
  • the solar energy utilization units are arranged side by side, and a cavity 501 is formed between two adjacent solar energy utilization units, and a heat utilization working medium 503 such as water and the like can be provided in the cavity 501 .
  • the cavity 501 is also provided with a heat utilization working medium flow pipe 504 for exchanging heat with the outside.
  • the cavity 501 can also be used to place structures such as rechargeable batteries and/or control circuit boards, so that the entire combined structure is more compact and the appearance is smaller.
  • the cavity 501 between the two adjacent solar energy utilization units is roughly ⁇ -shaped (this shape is only an example, the cavity 501 can be designed into various feasible shapes, as shown in Figure 3- 5), in order to close the cavity 501, a closing member 500 can be provided at the bottom of the cavity 501, and the closing member 500 can cooperate with the reflective structures 300 of the solar energy utilization units on both sides to jointly enclose the cavity 501.
  • the opposite cavity walls (such as the side walls 220 ′) of the liquid concentration devices 200 of the two solar energy utilization units are set to have single-sided or double-sided reflective surfaces, In order to prevent sunlight in the liquid concentrating device 200 from being transmitted from the cavity wall to the outside of the liquid concentrating device 200 .
  • the light energy utilization device 100, the liquid concentrating device 200, and the reflective structure 300 are aligned in the same direction (that is, perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 2 horizontal direction) to form a strip-like structure.
  • Figure 2 shows a vertical cross-sectional view at a certain position along its extension direction.
  • the unit can also be designed as a neat structure, for example, the vertical section at any point in the extension direction of the unit is the shape shown in FIG. 2 .
  • this embodiment shows a combination structure applied to solar energy utilization units.
  • the combined structure includes at least two solar energy utilization units shown in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the light-transmitting side wall 220 located outside the liquid concentrating device 200 (close to the reflective structure 300 ) is a folded surface, and the part 221 close to the light-transmitting bottom wall has a different inclination angle than other parts, and this part 221 is flatter. .
  • the portion 221 can also be steeper. The purpose of doing this is, by setting each part on the light-transmitting side wall 220 at different inclination angles, for example, the light-transmitting side wall 220 has at least two areas with different inclination angles, so that a part of the light in the liquid light concentrating device 200 is transmitted.
  • the light side wall 220 is refracted to the reflective structure 300, and then is converged by the reflective structure 300 onto the second light energy utilization part 120 of the light energy utilization device 100; the other part of light is directly converged by the light-transmitting side wall 220 in a way of total reflection to the first light energy utilization part 110 of the light energy utilization device 100 .
  • the opposite light-transmitting side walls 220 of the two liquid concentrating devices 200 are planes.
  • the two transparent sidewalls 220 may be folded surfaces or curved surfaces.
  • a cavity 501 between two solar energy utilization units may be an area between two adjacent reflective structures 300 or other structures.
  • the cavity 501 is a high temperature area, so heat energy can be utilized here.
  • two solar energy utilization units are arranged side by side as mirror images (in other embodiments, they can also be set as non-mirror images), and a cavity 501 is formed between the reflective structures 300 of adjacent solar energy utilization units, which are covered by a The larger closure 500 closes.
  • a heat utilization working medium 503 is provided in the cavity 501 to transfer heat energy.
  • the cavity 501 is also provided with a flow pipe 504 for heat-utilizing working fluid to exchange with the outside.
  • the heat utilization working medium 503 is cold water.
  • the combined structure of this embodiment can also provide hot water for thermal energy utilization while generating electricity.
  • this embodiment shows a combined structure in which two solar energy utilization units C and C' are used in combination.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the reflective structures 300 of at least two adjacent solar energy utilization units are connected and form a cavity 501 with two adjacent liquid concentrating devices 200 .
  • the cavity 501 is provided with a second liquid light concentrating device 600 and a second light energy utilization device 700 .
  • the second light energy utilization device 700 has the same structure as the above light energy utilization device 100 .
  • the first light energy utilization part 110 of the second light energy utilization device 700 is disposed upwards to receive sunlight incident therefrom from above.
  • the second liquid light concentrating device 600 is located below the second light energy utilization device 700, and the second light energy utilization part 720 of the second light energy utilization device 700 faces the second liquid light concentrating device 600 or serves as the second liquid light concentrating device
  • the wall of the chamber 600 receives the sunlight gathered by the second liquid concentrating device 600, and can gather and utilize more sunlight, so that the light utilization efficiency of the entire combined structure is higher.
  • the second liquid light concentrating device 600 is a structure with an inverted triangle in vertical section, which has two transparent side walls 620 .
  • a second light energy utilization device 700 is arranged on the top of the inverted triangle second liquid light concentrating device 600 .
  • the inverted triangular liquid concentrating device 200 can significantly reduce the height of the combined structure.
  • the two liquid light concentrating devices 200 and the second liquid light concentrating device 600 are integrated together by integral molding. Alternatively, they can also be manufactured separately and then assembled together.
  • the reflective structures 300 of the two liquid light concentrating devices 200 can also be integrated together by an integral molding method. Alternatively, they can also be manufactured separately and then assembled together.
  • the side walls of the two liquid light concentrating devices 200 facing the second liquid light concentrating device 600 are light-transmitting side walls 220 .
  • a part of the side wall may also be provided with a double-sided reflective surface.
  • the inverted triangular second liquid light concentrating device 600 is in thermal contact with the reflective structure 300 to reduce the temperature of the transparent liquid 201 and the light energy utilization device 100 in the two liquid light concentrating devices 200 .
  • this embodiment shows a composite structure in which two solar energy utilization units are used in combination.
  • a second liquid light concentrating device 600 with an inverted pentagonal vertical section is provided between the two liquid light concentrating devices 200, which has two a transparent sidewall 620.
  • a second light energy utilization device 700 is arranged on the top of the second liquid light concentrating device 600 .
  • the pentagonal second liquid light concentrating device 600 can significantly reduce the height of the combined structure.
  • the two liquid light concentrating devices 200 and the second liquid light concentrating device 600 share a cavity wall or the cavity walls overlap.
  • Two liquid light concentrating devices 200 are provided with double-sided reflective surfaces facing the side walls of the second liquid light concentrating device 600 (that is, sharing a cavity wall or overlapping cavity walls).
  • the coincident cavity walls may be transparent cavity walls or double-sided reflective cavity walls. If the overlapping cavity walls are transparent, and the second liquid concentrating device and the first liquid concentrating device use the same transparent liquid, then the overlapping cavity walls can be naturally eliminated to reduce costs.
  • the two liquid light concentrating devices 200 and the second liquid light concentrating device 600 are integrated together by integral molding. Alternatively, they can also be manufactured separately and then assembled together.
  • the reflective structures 300 of the two liquid light concentrating devices 200 are also integrated together through an integral molding method. Alternatively, they can also be manufactured separately and then assembled together.
  • the second liquid light concentrating device 600 is in thermal contact with the reflective structure 300 for heat dissipation and heat conduction.
  • the pentagon is just a rough shape. Due to the requirement of thermal contact, the deformation of water pressure, or other considerations, the second liquid concentrating device 600 can also be any other polygon.

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Abstract

一种太阳能利用单元及其组合结构,该太阳能利用单元包括光能利用装置(100)、液体聚光装置(200)以及反射结构(300)。液体聚光装置(200)具有容置腔,容置腔内填充有透明液体(201),液体聚光装置(200)形成能够将太阳光透射和/或全反射至光能利用装置(100)的第一光能利用部(110)的结构。该反射结构(300)与第二光能利用部(120)和液体聚光装置(200)之间形成光反射腔(310),反射结构(300)能够将进入光反射腔(310)内的太阳光反射至第二光能利用部(120)上。通过该结构,从光能利用装置(100)相互背离的第一光能利用部(110)和第二光能利用部(120)两侧均可吸收和利用太阳光,提高太阳光的汇聚和利用效率。

Description

太阳能利用单元及其组合结构 技术领域
本申请涉及光能转换利用结构。
背景技术
太阳能利用装置用于对太阳能进行回收利用,例如通过光伏板来进行太阳能发电等。随着光伏板的成本的降低和效率的增加,太阳能利用装置得到越来越多的应用。但,目前的低倍聚光式太阳能装置对太阳能的聚光效率还可以进一步提升。
技术问题
本申请主要提供一种新型的太阳能利用单元及其组合结构,以展示一种新的太阳能利用结构。
技术解决方案
基于上述目的,本申请一种实施例中提供了一种太阳能利用单元,包括:
光能利用装置,所述光能利用装置具有相互背离设置的第一光能利用部和第二光能利用部,所述第一光能利用部和第二光能利用部能够接收并转换利用太阳光;
液体聚光装置,所述液体聚光装置具有容置腔,所述容置腔内填充有透明液体,所述容置腔具有透光腔壁,所述太阳光能够从所述透光腔壁透射至所述透明液体中;所述光能利用装置设于所述容置腔内、所述容置腔外或组成所述容置腔的腔壁,所述第一光能利用部面向所述液体聚光装置或透明液体设置,所述液体聚光装置形成能够将太阳光透射和/或全反射至所述第一光能利用部的结构;
以及反射结构,所述反射结构与所述液体聚光装置之间留有供太阳光进入的进光口,所述反射结构与所述第二光能利用部和液体聚光装置之间形成光反射腔,所述进光口与所述光反射腔相通,所述反射结构能够将进入所述光反射腔内的太阳光反射至所述第二光能利用部上。
一种实施例中,所述光反射腔分布于所述液体聚光装置和光能利用装置的至少一侧以及所述第二光能利用部的下方。
一种实施例中,所述反射结构为槽状结构,所述光能利用装置和液体聚光装置设于所述槽状结构内,所述槽状结构具有内反射面,以将太阳光反射至所述第二光能利用部上。
一种实施例中,所述槽状结构的一侧侧壁与液体聚光装置的部分腔壁重合,另一侧相对的侧壁与所述液体聚光装置分离设置,以形成所述光反射腔。
一种实施例中,所述部分腔壁为透光腔壁。
一种实施例中,所述槽状结构两个相对的侧壁均与所述液体聚光装置分离设置,以形成所述光反射腔。
一种实施例中,所述液体聚光装置朝向所述光反射腔的腔壁为透光腔壁、单面反射腔壁、或双面反射式腔壁。
一种实施例中,所述液体聚光装置具有上宽下窄的结构,所述液体聚光装置上至少其顶壁为透光腔壁,以使所述太阳光能够从所述顶壁透射至所述透明液体中。
一种实施例中,还包括透光盖板,所述透光盖板与反射结构和/或液体聚光装置形成封闭结构,所述光能利用装置位于所述封闭结构内。
一种实施例中,所述光能利用装置、液体聚光装置和反射结构沿同一方向延伸,形成条状结构。
基于上述目的,本申请一种实施例中提供了一种太阳能利用单元的组合结构,包括至少两个如上述任一项所述的太阳能利用单元。
一种实施例中,所述太阳能利用单元并排设置,相邻太阳能利用单元之间形成空腔,所述空腔内设有热利用工质、充电电池和/或控制电路板。
一种实施例中,所述太阳能利用单元并排设置,至少两个相邻太阳能利用单元的反射结构相连,并与两个相邻的所述液体聚光装置围成一个空腔,所述空腔设有第二液体聚光装置和第二光能利用装置,所述第二光能利用装置具有相互背离设置的第一光能利用部和第二光能利用部,所述第二光能利用装置的第一光能利用部向上设置,以接收从上方射向其的太阳光,所述第二液体聚光装置位于所述第二光能利用装置的下方,所述第二光能利用装置的第二光能利用部朝向所述第二液体聚光装置或作为所述第二液体聚光装置的腔壁,以接收自所述第二液体聚光装置汇集的太阳光。
一种实施例中,所述第二液体聚光装置上宽下窄,所述第二液体聚光装置的下端窄部与两个相邻的所述太阳能利用单元的反射结构连接,以分别与两个相邻的所述太阳能利用单元围成各自的光反射腔。
一种实施例中,所述第二液体聚光装置的腔壁与两侧相邻的液体聚光装置之间留有间隙,以将所述光反射腔的区域延伸至所述间隙处。
一种实施例中,所述第二液体聚光装置朝向两侧液体聚光装置的腔壁至少部分为透光腔壁。
一种实施例中,所述第二液体聚光装置与两侧相邻的液体聚光装置共用腔壁或腔壁重合,所述共用腔壁或重合的腔壁为透光腔壁或双面反射腔壁。
一种实施例中,所述第二液体聚光装置的腔壁与两侧所述太阳能利用单元分别围成所述光反射腔,所述第二液体聚光装置的至少部分朝向所述光反射腔的腔壁为透光腔壁。
一种实施例中,所述第二液体聚光装置与两侧所述太阳能利用单元的反射结构以热传导的方式连通。
一种实施例中,相邻太阳能利用单元的液体聚光装置之间相互隔开成独立的腔体或连通为一个腔体。
有益效果
依据上述实施例的太阳能利用单元,其包括光能利用装置、液体聚光装置以及反射结构。该光能利用装置具有相互背离设置的第一光能利用部和第二光能利用部,第一光能利用部和第二光能利用部能够接收并转换利用太阳光。液体聚光装置具有容置腔,容置腔内填充有透明液体,光能利用装置设于所述容置腔内、容置腔外或组成容置腔的腔壁,第一光能利用部面向液体聚光装置或透明液体设置,液体聚光装置形成能够将太阳光透射和/或全反射至第一光能利用部的结构。该反射结构与液体聚光装置之间留有供太阳光进入的进光口,反射结构与第二光能利用部和液体聚光装置之间形成光反射腔,进光口与光反射腔相通,反射结构能够将进入光反射腔内的太阳光反射至第二光能利用部上。通过该结构,从光能利用装置相互背离的第一光能利用部和第二光能利用部两侧均可吸收和利用太阳光,提高太阳光的汇聚和利用效率。
附图说明
图1为本申请一种实施例中太阳能利用单元的竖直截面示意图。
图2为本申请一种实施例中太阳能利用单元组合结构的竖直截面示意图。
图3为本申请另一种实施例中太阳能利用单元组合结构的竖直截面示意图。
图4为本申请另一种实施例中太阳能利用单元组合结构的竖直截面示意图。
图5为本申请另一种实施例中太阳能利用单元组合结构的竖直截面示意图。
本发明的实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。其中不同实施方式中类似元件采用了相关联的类似的元件标号。在以下的实施方式中,很多细节描述是为了使得本申请能被更好的理解。然而,本领域技术人员可以毫不费力的认识到,其中部分特征在不同情况下是可以省略的,或者可以由其他元件、材料、方法所替代。在某些情况下,本申请相关的一些操作并没有在说明书中显示或者描述,这是为了避免本申请的核心部分被过多的描述所淹没,而对于本领域技术人员而言,详细描述这些相关操作并不是必要的,他们根据说明书中的描述以及本领域的一般技术知识即可完整了解相关操作。
另外,说明书中所描述的特点、操作或者特征可以以任意适当的方式结合形成各种实施方式。同时,方法描述中的各步骤或者动作也可以按照本领域技术人员所能显而易见的方式进行顺序调换或调整。因此,说明书和附图中的各种顺序只是为了清楚描述某一个实施例,并不意味着是必须的顺序,除非另有说明其中某个顺序是必须遵循的。
本文中为部件所编序号本身,例如“第一”、“第二”等,仅用于区分所描述的对象,不具有任何顺序或技术含义。而本申请所说“连接”、“联接”,如无特别说明,均包括直接和间接连接(联接)。
本文中的上、下等位置关系,均为相对而言,并不具有绝对的意义。
本实施例提供了一种太阳能利用单元,其用于接收并利用太阳光进行能量转换,将太阳光转换成电能、热能以及其他形式的能量,以供人们使用。同时,本实施例还提供了一种将太阳能利用单元组合使用的组合结构,以通过组合的方式,进一步提高对太阳能的聚集和利用效率。
请参考图1-5,该实施例所示的太阳能利用单元C包括光能利用装置100、液体聚光装置200以及反射结构300。
该光能利用装置100具有相互背离设置的第一光能利用部110和第二光能利用部120,第一光能利用部110和第二光能利用部120能够接收并转换利用太阳光。一种实施例中,该光能利用装置100可以为双面光伏板、光热利用装置、光电和热能综合利用装置、聚光式光能利用装置中的一个或多个。该光伏板泛指任何直接将光能转换为电能的器件,包括各种半导体光伏板、光伏薄膜、量子点光电转换器件等。在其他实施例中,该第一光能利用部110和第二光能利用部120还可以为其他形式的太阳光利用转换结构。
该液体聚光装置200具有容置腔,容置腔内填充有透明液体201。容置腔的部分或全部腔壁为透光腔壁(例如可以包括透光侧壁220、透光顶壁210、透光底壁230中的一个或多个),太阳光能够从透光腔壁透射至透明液体201中。液体聚光装置200形成能够将太阳光透射和/或全反射至第一光能利用部110的结构,即射入透明液体201中的太阳光可直接从透明液体201透射至第一光能利用部110,也可以通过透明液体201与透光腔壁之间形成的全反射现象而被最终反射到第一光能利用部110,或者还可以通过某些反射式腔壁,将太阳光向第一光能利用部110反射。为了实现全反射现象,该液体聚光装置200的结构设置为:来自一定角度、自透明液体201射向透光腔壁的太阳光能够形成全反射(或称为全内反射)现象,即来自一定角度的太阳光不会从透光腔壁射出,而是在全反射作用下,继续在液体聚光装置200内传播,并最终汇集到第一光能利用部110上。对于特定的设计,来自其它的角度、自透明液体201射向透光腔壁的太阳光,则可能透射到反射结构300上,在那里被聚光到光能利用装置100的第二光能利用部120。如果不希望这种透射发生,那么,就可以将对应的腔壁设置为单面或双面反射式腔壁,以防止太阳光从这些腔壁射出到液体聚光装置200之外。
请参考图1-5,一些实施例中,该容置腔具有透光顶壁210、透光侧壁220和透光底壁230。该透光侧壁220倾斜设置,透明液体201中的太阳光能够从透光侧壁220透射到反射结构300或全反射至光能利用装置100的第一光能利用部110上。该具有倾斜的透光侧壁220的液体聚光装置200可以适应更大偏转角的入射光,不仅可以用来应付太阳光的南北回归偏转,也可以用来应付太阳光的东西偏转。一种实施例中,该透光侧壁220可以由平面、折面、曲面中一个或者以上各面的组合而成。另一种实施例中,透光侧壁220上至少一部分也可设置单面或双面反射面。本实施例中的透光侧壁220既起到透光的作用,又起到全反射的作用。与现有技术相比,在同等条件下,该液体聚光装置200能够汇集更多的太阳光至第一光能利用部110上,加大聚光比。
该光能利用装置100设于容置腔内、容置腔外或组成容置腔的腔壁,第一光能利用部110面向液体聚光装置200或透明液体201设置。容置腔中自透明液体201射向透光腔壁的太阳光的至少一部分形成全反射现象,将太阳光向第一光能利用部110上汇聚。
具体地,光能利用装置100可以位于液体聚光装置200的外侧,第一光能利用部110贴附在液体聚光装置200上,以使液体聚光装置200内的太阳光能够被汇聚到第一光能利用部110上。或,第一光能利用部110直接设于容置腔内,再或,第一光能利用部110组成液体聚光装置200的部分腔壁。其中,下文所述的第二液体聚光装置600与第二光能利用装置700之间也可采用上述结构进行排布。
具体地,一种实施例中,请参考图1-5,该液体聚光装置200具有透光材料制成的透光底壁220,第一光能利用部110与该透光底壁220外侧贴合,例如,第一光能利用部110与液体聚光装置200的外侧固定连接。在液体聚光装置200中,太阳光向第一光能利用部110上110汇聚。
另一种实施例中,光能利用装置100可直接浸泡在透明液体201中,第一光能利用部110可直接接收从透明液体201中透射而来的太阳光。
另一种实施例中,该第一光能利用部110作为液体聚光装置200的一部分,第一光能利用部110的外壁(用于接收太阳光的一侧表面)与透光侧壁220直接或间接连接,并形成容置腔的底壁。
该液体聚光装置200(或第二液体聚光装置600)内部分空间或全部空间填充透明液体201。较好的,一种实施例中,透明液体201基本填满整个容置腔,以获得更好的效果。该实施例中,利用透明液体201作为光传播介质,一种实施例中,该透明液体201可以是去离子化的纯净水、甘油、酒精、乙二醇或它们的混合物。液体聚光装置200和第二液体聚光装置600可以采用相同或不同的透明液体以达到不同的效果。
此外,该透明液体201还可以直接或间接与第一光能利用部110和第二光能利用部120形成热传递结构,进而对第一光能利用部110和第二光能利用部120起到降温或吸热的作用,提高光能利用率。
进一步地,请参考图1-5,该反射结构300与液体聚光装置200之间留有供太阳光进入的进光口,反射结构300与第二光能利用部120和液体聚光装置200之间形成光反射腔310,进光口与光反射腔310相通。该液体聚光装置200朝向光反射腔310的腔壁可以为透光腔壁、面向透明液体201或光反射腔310的单面反射腔壁或双面反射式腔壁。太阳光可从进光口射入光反射腔310内,某些实施例中,太阳光也可从液体聚光装置200的透光腔壁(如透光侧壁220或其他透光腔壁)透射至光反射腔310内。反射结构300能够将进入光反射腔310内的太阳光反射至第二光能利用部120上,从而使更多的太阳光能够被第二光能利用部120所吸收和利用。
该光反射腔310分布于液体聚光装置200和光能利用装置100的至少一侧以及第二光能利用部120的下方,从而更好的向第二光能利用部120聚集太阳光。例如可环绕液体聚光装置200和光能利用装置100设置,也可仅设置在液体聚光装置200和光能利用装置100某一个或多个侧方,以接收照射到这些区域的太阳光,将液体聚光装置200接收范围之外的一些太阳光被反射至光能利用装置100的第二光能利用部120和液体聚光装置200上,提高光能利用装置100聚光效率。
请参考图1-5,一些实施例中,该反射结构300设于液体聚光装置200的外侧和底部,例如设置在液体聚光装置200的一个或多个侧方。反射结构300具有反射面,该反射面可使用各种能够实现太阳光反射的结构,例如反射式菲涅尔透镜、反光镜面、高反光涂层等。该反射结构300不仅能直接汇聚到第二光能利用部120,还能够将太阳光向液体聚光装置200方向汇聚。尤其是,液体聚光装置200朝向光反射腔310的腔壁为透光腔壁(如透光侧壁220)时,反射结构300同时还可以增大液体聚光装置200接收太阳光的范围,能够汇集更多太阳光照射到液体聚光装置200,例如被反射结构300反射至液体聚光装置200的透光侧壁220上,最终被引导至第一光能利用部110。即使太阳光透过液体聚光装置200,也因为被透明液体折射,而更容易被反射结构300反射到光能利用装置的100的第二光能利用部120。
该反射结构300可采用任意可行的结构来实现上述功能和效果,请参考图1-5,一些实施例中,该反射结构300为槽状结构,光能利用装置100和液体聚光装置200设于槽状结构内,槽状结构具有内反射面,以将太阳光反射至第二光能利用部120上。
如图1所示,一些实施例中,该槽状结构的反射结构300的一侧侧壁与液体聚光装置200的部分腔壁重合(如图示液体聚光装置200的右侧腔壁),另一侧相对的侧壁与液体聚光装置200分离设置,以形成光反射腔310。该结构使得整个太阳能利用单元结构更加紧凑。而且,一些实施例中,当该部分腔壁(如图示液体聚光装置200的右侧腔壁)为透光腔壁时,其还可以接收从这一侧(如图示右侧)射入的太阳光。
另一些实施例中,该槽状结构两个相对的侧壁均与液体聚光装置200分离设置,以形成光反射腔310,即光反射腔310至少分布在液体聚光装置200相对的两侧侧方,扩大光反射腔310的覆盖区域,使更多的太阳光能够进入到光反射腔310中。
进一步地,该液体聚光装置200可采用规则或不规则的形状,以能够实现上述目的为主。考虑到太阳光从上方射入,为了接收更多的太阳光,该液体聚光装置200可具有上宽下窄的结构,液体聚光装置200上至少其顶壁为透光腔壁,以使太阳光能够从顶壁透射至透明液体201中。
一种实施例中,请参考图1-5,液体聚光装置200的竖直截面为楔形,顶壁210大于底壁230,以达到聚光效果。当然,该形状仅是一种示例,还可以采用其他形状,如竖直截面为倒三角形、盆形等等。
进一步地,为了防止灰尘和清洗方便,还包括透光盖板400,透光盖板400与反射结构300和/或液体聚光装置200形成封闭结构,光能利用装置100位于封闭结构内。请参考图1-5,一种实施例中,该透光盖板400将反射结构300封闭,连成封闭的结构。该透光盖板400可以为菲涅尔透镜面或其他透光结构。
进一步地,为了扩大太阳光接收范围,一种实施例中,光能利用装置100、液体聚光装置200和反射结构300沿同一方向延伸,形成条状结构。例如,图1-5示出的竖直截面沿垂直于图面的方向延伸,从而形成条状结构。
另一方面,本实施例还提供了一种太阳能利用单元的组合结构,其包括至少两个如上述任一实施例所示的太阳能利用单元,将其进行组合使用,以提高太阳光聚集和利用效率。
如图2和3所示,一些实施例中,太阳能利用单元并排设置,相邻太阳能利用单元之间形成空腔501,空腔501内设有热利用工质503、充电电池和/或控制电路板。热利用工质503不仅可用来引出做热转换利用,还可以对太阳能利用单元进行降温,提高太阳能利用单元的转换效率。
如图4和5所示,一些实施例中,太阳能利用单元并排设置,至少两个相邻太阳能利用单元的反射结构300相连,并与两个相邻的液体聚光装置200围成一个空腔501。空腔501设有第二液体聚光装置600和第二光能利用装置700。该第二光能利用装置700具有与上述光能利用装置100相同的结构。该第二光能利用装置700具有相互背离设置的第一光能利用部710和第二光能利用部720,第二光能利用装置700的第一光能利用部710向上设置,以接收从上方射向其的太阳光。第二液体聚光装置600的结构与上述液体聚光装置200结构相同,但可根据实际效果而选择哪些腔壁为透光腔壁,哪些为不透光腔壁。该第二液体聚光装置600位于第二光能利用装置700的下方,第二光能利用装置700的第二光能利用部720朝向第二液体聚光装置600或作为第二液体聚光装置600的腔壁,以接收自第二液体聚光装置600汇集的太阳光。在相邻太阳能利用单元之间再增设第二液体聚光装置600和第二光能利用装置700,可聚集并利用更多的太阳光,使整个组合结构的光利用效率更高。
该图4-5所示的实施例中,空腔501可以为封闭的空腔501。该第二液体聚光装置600可采用任意可行的形状和结构。例如,一种实施例中,第二液体聚光装置600上宽下窄(图4为其中一种示例),第二液体聚光装置600的下端窄部与两个相邻的太阳能利用单元的反射结构300连接,以分别与两个相邻的太阳能利用单元围成各自的光反射腔310。
请参考图4,一种实施例中,该第二液体聚光装置600的腔壁与两侧相邻的液体聚光装置200之间留有间隙,以将光反射腔310的区域延伸至间隙处,从而使太阳光能够被反射至第二液体聚光装置600上。
此时为了能够接收从光反射腔310射入的太阳光,一种实施例中,第二液体聚光装置600朝向两侧液体聚光装置200的腔壁620至少部分为透光腔壁。
一种实施例中,第二液体聚光装置600与两侧相邻的液体聚光装置200共用腔壁或腔壁重合(图5为其中一种示例),共用腔壁或重合的腔壁为透光腔壁或双面反射腔壁。
此时,为了能够接收从光反射腔310射入的太阳光,一种实施例中,第二液体聚光装置600的腔壁620与两侧太阳能利用单元分别围成光反射腔310,第二液体聚光装置600的至少部分朝向光反射腔310的腔壁620为透光腔壁。
请参考图5,一种实施例中,该第二液体聚光装置600为一个竖直截面为倒置的五边形结构。设置倒置的五边形结构,可以明显降低组合结构的高度和光能利用装置100的温度。
为了传递和利用热能,同时起到散热的作用,一些实施例中,第二液体聚光装置600与两侧太阳能利用单元的反射结构300以热传导的方式连通。
一种实施例中,该相邻太阳能利用单元的液体聚光装置200之间相互隔开成独立的腔体或连通为一个腔体。
基于上述发明构思,以下通过几种不同的实施例进一步说明,以更好的展示本申请创造。
实施例一:
请参考图1,本实施例公开了一种太阳能利用单元C,该图1示出了该太阳能利用单元C的竖直截面示意图。其中,本实施例以及其他实施例中所说的竖直和水平方向,均是以图示摆放方向为基础。因太阳能利用装置实际应用时可能会根据地形、经纬度的不同而调整方向,因此该图示摆放方向可能与太阳能利用装置实际应用时的摆放位置有所不同。
该太阳能利用单元C包括光能利用装置100、液体聚光装置200、反射结构300和透光盖版400(可省略)。该液体聚光装置200为封闭结构,围成一个封闭的容置腔,容置腔内填充满透明液体201。该液体聚光装置200具有透光顶壁210、透光侧壁220和透光底壁230。图中的虚线表示该腔壁为透明面。
该光能利用装置100设置在液体聚光装置200之下,并具有能够接收并转换利用太阳光的第一光能利用部110和第二光能利用部120,该第一光能利用部110朝上,第二光能利用部120朝下。其中,第一光能利用部110贴着液体聚光装置200的透光底壁220设置,以便太阳光能够透过该透光底壁220,射入到第一光能利用部110上。图中因透光底壁220与第一光能利用部110紧贴,因此将其示意在一起。
当然,在其他实施例中,该光能利用装置100的第一光能利用部110也可作为液体聚光装置200的底壁来使用,这样无需在另外设置透光底壁220。或者,该光能利用装置100的第一光能利用部110也可设于液体聚光装置200的容置腔内。
请参考图1,反射结构300设于条形液体聚光装置200的外侧和底部,反射结构300与液体聚光装置200和第二光能利用部120之间形成光反射腔310,光反射腔310具有供太阳光进入光反射腔310的反射结构300的进光口,反射结构300将一部分进入光反射腔310内的太阳光反射至第二光能利用部120上,将一部分进入光反射腔310内的太阳光反射至液体聚光装置200的透光侧壁220上,进而进入液体聚光装置200内部。具体地,该反射结构300与条形液体聚光装置200之间留出间隙,间隙形成光反射腔310的进光口。
请继续参考图1,在一种更具体地的实施例中,反射结构300为槽状结构。槽状结构具有内反射面,以将太阳光反射至第二光能利用部120上。该槽状结构的一侧侧壁与条形液体聚光装置200的一个透光侧壁220重合(两者可重叠或共用一个壁体),另一侧相对的侧壁与反射结构300分离设置。例如,该反射结构300的图示右侧侧壁与图示右侧的透光侧壁220相连,左侧侧壁与图示左侧的条形液体聚光装置200分离开,留出反射结构300进光口,以便太阳光进入。
图1显示了两种入射光L1、L2的汇聚情况。第一种,入射光L1经条形液体聚光装置200透光顶壁210折射、再经透光侧壁220全反射到第一光能利用部110上的过程。即充分利用液体聚光装置200中透明液体201的折射和全反射功能,来实现聚光效果。也就是说,透光侧壁210同时具备两种功能:一是通过一处表面透射来自外部的入射光或将来自透明液体201的光透射至反射结构300,二是通过其一处表面全反射来自透明液体201的光。入射光L2经过反射结构300的侧面反射,再经反射结构300的底部反射到第二光能利用部120上。同时,透明液体201还可以用来对光能利用装置100进行冷却或吸热,提高光能利用装置100的光能利用率。
为了延长和扩大整个单元对太阳光的接收范围,一种实施例中,该光能利用装置100、液体聚光装置200、反射结构300沿同一方向(即垂直于图1图面的水平方向)延伸,形成条状结构。图1所示为其延伸方向上某一位置的竖直截面图。当然,该单元也可以被设计为一个工整的结构,例如该单元延伸方向上任一点的竖直截面均为图1所示形状。
请参考图1,透光盖板400将反射结构300,连成封闭的结构,以防尘、防雪。
本实施例可用于光线具有较强的倾向性的场景应用。例如,在高纬度地区的立式安装或者水平安装。
实施例二:
请参考图2,本实施例公开了一种对太阳能利用单元进行应用的组合结构,该图2示出了该组合结构的竖直截面示意图。图2显示一种两个太阳能利用单元联合使用的一种情况
该组合结构中,太阳能利用单元并排设置,相邻两个太阳能利用单元之间形成空腔501,空腔501内可设有热利用工质503,如水等。空腔501还设置有与外部进行热交换的热利用工质流动管道504。此外,该空腔501内还可用来放置充电电池和/或控制电路板等结构,使整个组合结构更加紧凑,外形更加小巧。
请参考图2,该两个相邻太阳能利用单元之间的空腔501大致为△形(该形状仅是一种示例,该空腔501可被设计为各种可行的形状,如图3-5所示),为了封闭该空腔501,可在空腔501底部设置封闭件500,该封闭件500可与两侧太阳能利用单元的反射结构300配合,共同围成该空腔501。
为了获得更大的聚光比,一种实施例中,该两个太阳能利用单元的液体聚光装置200相对的腔壁(如侧壁220’)被设置为具有单面或双面反射面,以避免液体聚光装置200内的太阳光从该腔壁中透射至液体聚光装置200的外侧。
进一步地,为了延长和扩大整个单元对太阳光的接收范围,一种实施例中,该光能利用装置100、液体聚光装置200、反射结构300沿同一方向(即垂直于图2图面的水平方向)延伸,形成条状结构。图2所示为其延伸方向上某一位置的竖直截面图。当然,该单元也可以被设计为一个工整的结构,例如该单元延伸方向上任一点的竖直截面均为图2所示形状。
实施例三:
如图3所示,本实施例展示了一种对太阳能利用单元进行应用的组合结构。该组合结构包括至少两个上述任一实施例所示的太阳能利用单元。
本实施例中,位于液体聚光装置200外侧(靠近反射结构300)的透光侧壁220为折面,其靠近透光底壁的部分221相较其他部分倾斜角度不同,该部分221更平坦。在其他的实施例里,该部分221也可以更陡峭。这样做的目的是,通过将透光侧壁220上各部分设置为不同倾斜角度,例如透光侧壁220至少具有两种不同倾斜角度的区域,使得液体聚光装置200中的一部分光被透光侧壁220折射到反射结构300,然后被反射结构300会聚到光能利用装置100的第二光能利用部120上;另一部分光,则被透光侧壁220以全反射的方式直接会聚到光能利用装置100的第一光能利用部110上。
本实施例中,两个液体聚光装置200相对的透光侧壁220均为平面。在其它的实施例里,该两个透光侧壁220可以为折面面或是曲面。
在两个太阳能利用单元之间具有一个空腔501,例如可能是相邻两个反射结构300或其他结构之间的区域。当太阳光照射时,这个空腔501是个高温的区域,因此,可以在这里做热能的利用。
请参考图3,本实施例中,两太阳能利用单元成镜像并排设置(其他实施例中也可设置为非镜像),相邻太阳能利用单元的反射结构300之间形成空腔501,其被一个较大的封闭件500封闭。空腔501内设有热利用工质503,以传递热能。空腔501还设置有与外部进行人交换的热利用工质流动管道504。
一种实施例中,热利用工质503为冷水。本实施例的组合结构在发电的同时,还可提供热水进行热能利用。
实施例四:
如图4所示,本实施例展示了一种两个太阳能利用单元C和C'进行联合应用的组合结构。
请参考图4,本实施例与实施例四不同的地方在于,至少两个相邻太阳能利用单元的反射结构300相连,并与两个相邻的液体聚光装置200围成一个空腔501。空腔501设有第二液体聚光装置600和第二光能利用装置700。该第二光能利用装置700具有与上述光能利用装置100相同的结构。第二光能利用装置700的第一光能利用部110向上设置,以接收从上方射向其的太阳光。该第二液体聚光装置600位于第二光能利用装置700的下方,第二光能利用装置700的第二光能利用部720朝向第二液体聚光装置600或作为第二液体聚光装置600的腔壁,以接收自第二液体聚光装置600汇集的太阳光,可聚集并利用更多的太阳光,使整个组合结构的光利用效率更高。
在图4中,该第二液体聚光装置600为一个竖直截面为倒三角形的结构,其具有两个透光侧壁620。在倒三角形的第二液体聚光装置600的顶部设置有第二光能利用装置700。这个倒三角形液体聚光装置200可显著降低组合结构的高度。
一种实施例中,两个液体聚光装置200和第二液体聚光装置600通过一体化成型的方法集成在一起。或者,也可以单独制造再组装在一起。
一种实施例中,两个液体聚光装置200的反射结构300也可通过一体化成型的方法,集成在一起。或者,也可分开制造后再组装在一起。
本实施例里,两个液体聚光装置200朝向第二液体聚光装置600的侧壁为透光侧壁220。在其他的实施例里,该侧壁的一部分也可以设置双面反射面。
一种实施例中,倒三角形的第二液体聚光装置600与反射结构300做热接触,以降低两个液体聚光装置200中透明液体201和光能利用装置100的温度。
实施例五:
如图5所示,本实施例展示了一种两个太阳能利用单元进行联合应用的组合结构。
请参考图5,本实施例与实施例四不同的地方在于,在两个液体聚光装置200之间设置了一个竖直截面为倒置五边形的第二液体聚光装置600,其具有两个透光侧壁620。在第二液体聚光装置600的顶部设置有第二光能利用装置700。这个五边形的第二液体聚光装置600可显著降低组合结构的高度。
此外,本实施例里,两个液体聚光装置200和第二液体聚光装置600共用腔壁或腔壁重合。两个液体聚光装置200朝向第二液体聚光装置600的侧壁(即共用腔壁或腔壁重合)设置有双面反射面。当腔壁重合时,重合的腔壁可以是透明腔壁或双面反射腔壁。如果重合的腔壁选择为透明腔壁,并且第二液体聚光装置与第一液体聚光装置采用相同的透明液体时,那么重合的腔壁也就可以自然而然地取消以降低成本。
一种实施例中,两个液体聚光装置200以及第二液体聚光装置600通过一体化成型的方法,集成在一起。或者,也可分开制造后再组装在一起。
同样,两个液体聚光装置200的反射结构300也通过一体化成型的方法,集成在一起。或者,也可分开制造后再组装在一起。
一种实施例中,第二液体聚光装置600与反射结构300做热接触,以进行散热和热传导利用。
在这里,所述五边形只是一个大致的形状。由于热接触的需要,水压的变形,或者其它的考虑,第二液体聚光装置600也可以是任意其它的多边形。
以上应用了具体个例对本申请进行阐述,只是用于帮助理解本申请,并不用以限制本申请。对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本申请的思想,可以对上述具体实施例进行变化。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种太阳能利用单元,其特征在于,包括:
    光能利用装置,所述光能利用装置具有相互背离设置的第一光能利用部和第二光能利用部,所述第一光能利用部和第二光能利用部能够接收并转换利用太阳光;
    液体聚光装置,所述液体聚光装置具有容置腔,所述容置腔内填充有透明液体,所述容置腔具有透光腔壁,所述太阳光能够从所述透光腔壁透射至所述透明液体中;所述光能利用装置设于所述容置腔内、所述容置腔外或组成所述容置腔的腔壁,所述第一光能利用部面向所述液体聚光装置或透明液体设置,所述液体聚光装置形成能够将太阳光透射和/或全反射至所述第一光能利用部的结构;
    以及反射结构,所述反射结构与所述液体聚光装置之间留有供太阳光进入的进光口,所述反射结构与所述第二光能利用部和液体聚光装置之间形成光反射腔,所述进光口与所述光反射腔相通,所述反射结构能够将进入所述光反射腔内的太阳光反射至所述第二光能利用部上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的太阳能利用单元,其特征在于,所述光反射腔分布于所述液体聚光装置和光能利用装置的至少一侧以及所述第二光能利用部的下方。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的太阳能利用单元,其特征在于,所述反射结构为槽状结构,所述光能利用装置和液体聚光装置设于所述槽状结构内,所述槽状结构具有内反射面,以将太阳光反射至所述第二光能利用部上。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的太阳能利用单元,其特征在于,所述槽状结构的一侧侧壁与液体聚光装置的部分腔壁重合,另一侧相对的侧壁与所述液体聚光装置分离设置,以形成所述光反射腔。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的太阳能利用单元,其特征在于,所述部分腔壁为透光腔壁。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的太阳能利用单元,其特征在于,所述槽状结构两个相对的侧壁均与所述液体聚光装置分离设置,以形成所述光反射腔。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的太阳能利用单元,其特征在于,所述液体聚光装置朝向所述光反射腔的腔壁为透光腔壁、单面反射腔壁、或双面反射式腔壁。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的太阳能利用单元,其特征在于,所述液体聚光装置具有上宽下窄的结构,所述液体聚光装置上至少其顶壁为透光腔壁,以使所述太阳光能够从所述顶壁透射至所述透明液体中。
  9. 如权利要求1-8任一项所述的太阳能利用单元,其特征在于,还包括透光盖板,所述透光盖板与反射结构和/或液体聚光装置形成封闭结构,所述光能利用装置位于所述封闭结构内。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的太阳能利用单元,其特征在于,所述光能利用装置、液体聚光装置和反射结构沿同一方向延伸,形成条状结构。
  11. 一种太阳能利用单元的组合结构,其特征在于,包括至少两个如权利要求1-10任一项所述的太阳能利用单元。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的组合结构,其特征在于,所述太阳能利用单元并排设置,相邻太阳能利用单元之间形成空腔,所述空腔内设有热利用工质、充电电池和/或控制电路板。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的组合结构,其特征在于,所述太阳能利用单元并排设置,至少两个相邻太阳能利用单元的反射结构相连,并与两个相邻的所述液体聚光装置围成一个空腔,所述空腔设有第二液体聚光装置和第二光能利用装置,所述第二光能利用装置具有相互背离设置的第一光能利用部和第二光能利用部,所述第二光能利用装置的第一光能利用部向上设置,以接收从上方射向其的太阳光,所述第二液体聚光装置位于所述第二光能利用装置的下方,所述第二光能利用装置的第二光能利用部朝向所述第二液体聚光装置或作为所述第二液体聚光装置的腔壁,以接收自所述第二液体聚光装置汇集的太阳光。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的组合结构,其特征在于,所述第二液体聚光装置上宽下窄,所述第二液体聚光装置的下端窄部与两个相邻的所述太阳能利用单元的反射结构连接,以分别与两个相邻的所述太阳能利用单元围成各自的光反射腔。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的组合结构,其特征在于,所述第二液体聚光装置的腔壁与两侧相邻的液体聚光装置之间留有间隙,以将所述光反射腔的区域延伸至所述间隙处。
  16. 如权利要求14或15所述的组合结构,其特征在于,所述第二液体聚光装置朝向两侧液体聚光装置的腔壁至少部分为透光腔壁。
  17. 如权利要求13所述的组合结构,其特征在于,所述第二液体聚光装置与两侧相邻的液体聚光装置共用腔壁或腔壁重合,所述共用腔壁或重合的腔壁为透光腔壁或双面反射腔壁。
  18. 如权利要求13所述的组合结构,其特征在于,所述第二液体聚光装置的腔壁与两侧所述太阳能利用单元分别围成所述光反射腔,所述第二液体聚光装置的至少部分朝向所述光反射腔的腔壁为透光腔壁。
  19. 如权利要求13所述的组合结构,其特征在于,所述第二液体聚光装置与两侧所述太阳能利用单元的反射结构以热传导的方式连通。
  20. 如权利要求11所述的组合结构,其特征在于,相邻太阳能利用单元的液体聚光装置之间相互隔开成独立的腔体或连通为一个腔体。
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