WO2023028534A1 - Inhibitors of nlrp3 - Google Patents

Inhibitors of nlrp3 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023028534A1
WO2023028534A1 PCT/US2022/075421 US2022075421W WO2023028534A1 WO 2023028534 A1 WO2023028534 A1 WO 2023028534A1 US 2022075421 W US2022075421 W US 2022075421W WO 2023028534 A1 WO2023028534 A1 WO 2023028534A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
amino
phenol
trifluoromethyl
4alkyl
triazin
Prior art date
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PCT/US2022/075421
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Xiaoyan Zhang
Rauful Alam
Scott J. BARRAZA
Lauren BEJCEK
Bradley B. GILBERT
Hua Gong
Handoko HANDOKO
Seyedmorteza HOSSEYNI
Eduardo HUARTE
Woohyung JEON
Jing Li
Yao Liu
Kyle NIEDERER
Erica N. PARKER
Meenu PILLAI
Ettore RASTELLI
Nadiya Sydorenko
Anthony Turpoff
Matthew G. WOLL
Nanjing Zhang
Yan Zhang
Tianyi ZHENG
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PTC Therapeutics Inc
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PTC Therapeutics Inc
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Application filed by PTC Therapeutics Inc filed Critical PTC Therapeutics Inc
Priority to MX2024002342A priority Critical patent/MX2024002342A/es
Priority to CN202280071320.9A priority patent/CN118302417A/zh
Priority to CR20240093A priority patent/CR20240093A/es
Priority to JP2024513053A priority patent/JP2024534162A/ja
Priority to EP22777142.5A priority patent/EP4392414A1/en
Priority to CA3229539A priority patent/CA3229539A1/en
Priority to PE2024000299A priority patent/PE20241727A1/es
Priority to US18/256,099 priority patent/US20240262806A1/en
Priority to KR1020247005965A priority patent/KR20240069714A/ko
Priority to IL310992A priority patent/IL310992A/en
Priority to AU2022334474A priority patent/AU2022334474A1/en
Priority to KR1020247027203A priority patent/KR20240164495A/ko
Priority to JP2024548556A priority patent/JP2025509088A/ja
Priority to AU2023221847A priority patent/AU2023221847A1/en
Priority to EP23757102.1A priority patent/EP4479045A4/en
Priority to CN202380034776.2A priority patent/CN119212699A/zh
Priority to CA3243870A priority patent/CA3243870A1/en
Priority to CR20240345A priority patent/CR20240345A/es
Priority to PCT/US2023/062771 priority patent/WO2023159148A2/en
Priority to PE2024001809A priority patent/PE20250604A1/es
Priority to IL315027A priority patent/IL315027A/en
Publication of WO2023028534A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023028534A1/en
Priority to CONC2024/0001922A priority patent/CO2024001922A2/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to CL2024002455A priority patent/CL2024002455A1/es
Priority to MX2024010092A priority patent/MX2024010092A/es
Priority to CONC2024/0011162A priority patent/CO2024011162A2/es
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/50—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines
    • A61K31/502—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. cinnoline, phthalazine
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    • A61K31/50—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines
    • A61K31/5025—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
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    • A61K31/53—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine
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    • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
    • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
    • A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
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    • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
    • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
    • A61K31/5383—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
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    • A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
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    • A61K31/551—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having two nitrogen atoms, e.g. dilazep
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    • A61K31/553—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as ring hetero atoms, e.g. loxapine, staurosporine
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    • A61K31/5545—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having eight-membered rings not containing additional condensed or non-condensed nitrogen-containing 3-7 membered rings
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    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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    • C07D237/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D237/30—Phthalazines
    • C07D237/34—Phthalazines with nitrogen atoms directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring, e.g. hydrazine radicals
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    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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    • C07D401/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to compounds that are useful as inhibitors of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway.
  • the present invention also relates to processes for the preparation of said compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, methods of using said compounds in the treatment of various diseases and disorders, and medicaments containing them, and their use in diseases and disorders mediated by NLRP3.
  • NLRP3 NOD-like receptor protein 3
  • inflammasome was coined by Martinon et al. to describe the molecular platform triggering activation of inflammatory caspases and processing of interleukin 1 (IL-1) family cytokines (Fabio Martinon et al., Mol Cell 10(2):417-26, 2002).
  • Inflammasomes are part of the innate immune system. Inflammasome activation is initiated by assembling of a multiprotein complex, including nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR), the adapter apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), and the effector protease caspase- 1.
  • NOD nucleotide binding oligomerization domain
  • NLR nucleotide binding oligomerization domain
  • ASC caspase recruitment domain
  • the assemble of the complex results in the activation of caspase- 1 and the release of the mature proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-
  • NLR family NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been studied extensively and was found to be activated by a wide spectrum of stimuli.
  • the regulatory mechanisms of NLRP3 activation are summarized in a recent review paper (Seungwha Paik et al., Cell Mol Immunol 18(5): 1141-1160, 2021).
  • NLRP3 activation is triggered by various infectious, non- infectious molecules, including molecular byproducts of aging, physical inactivity and overnutrition. Once activated, it boosts the downstream production of the inflammatory cytokines IL-ip and IL-18. Gain-of function mutations of NLRP3 are associated with several genetic disorders including cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS). Additionally, NLRP3 is implicated in numerous common I) autoimmune, II) autoinflammatory, III) neurodegenerative, IV) cardiovascular and V) neuromuscular and muscular degenerative diseases e.g.
  • RPE retinal pigment epithelium
  • NLRP3 activation is associated with severe COVID-19 cases and cytokine release syndrome (CRS) caused by cell-based therapeutics and biologic treatments (Tracey L Freeman and Talia H Swartz Front Immunol 11 : 1518, 2020; Lin et al., PLoS Pathog 6;15(6):el007795, 2019).
  • CRS cytokine release syndrome
  • an NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor could be used as a single or combination of agents clinically as novel therapies for these diseases.
  • NLRP3 inflammasome pathway to provide new and/or alternative treatments for these inflammasome-related diseases, disorders , such as autoinflammatory fever syndrome cryopyrin- associated periodic syndrome (CAPS), sickle cell disease, chronic liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), gout, hyperoxaluria, pseudogout (chondrocalcinosis), Type EType II diabetes and related complications (e.g.
  • CAPS autoinflammatory fever syndrome cryopyrin- associated periodic syndrome
  • NASH nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
  • gout hyperoxaluria
  • pseudogout chondrocalcinosis
  • Type EType II diabetes and related complications e.g.
  • nephropathy, retinopathy fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, asthma and allergic airway inflammation, neuroinflammation-related disorders (e.g. multiple sclerosis, brain infection, acute injury, , Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease), neuromuscular and muscular degenerative diseases, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk (e.g. cardiovascular risk reduction (CvRR), hypertension), hidradenitis suppurativa, wound healing and scar formation, and cancer (e.g. colon cancer, lung cancer, myeloproliferative neoplasms, leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), myelofibrosis).
  • CvRR cardiovascular risk reduction
  • cancer e.g. colon cancer, lung cancer, myeloproliferative neoplasms, leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), myelofibrosis.
  • the invention provides compounds or pharmaceu-tically acceptable salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, which compounds inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
  • the invention further provides methods of treating, or preventing, disease and/or disorders related to NLRP3, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of the compounds of the invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • R w is hydrogen, Ci-ealkyl (e.g., CH3), C2-salkynyl, halogen (e.g., F, Cl), Ci-ealkoxy (e.g.,
  • halo-Ci-4alkyl e.g., CHF2, CF3
  • halo-Ci-4alkoxy e.g., OCHF2, OCF3
  • R2 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl, deuterium-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci.4alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkyl-amino, (Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, halo- Ci-4alkyl-amino, (halo-Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, hydroxy-Ci.4alkyl-amino, Ci-4alkoxy-Ci.4alkyl-amino, amino-Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-amino-Ci-4alkyl, (Ci-4alkyl-amino)2-Ci-4alkyl, Ci.4alkoxy, halo- Ci-4alkoxy, hydroxy-Ci.4alkoxy, Ci.4alkyl-Ci.4alkoxy, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Cs-iocycloalky
  • R3 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkoxy, and halo-Ci.4alkoxy; each R4 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, Ci.4alkoxy, halo- Ci-4alkoxy, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, and phenyl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic ring system having 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatom ring members selected from N, O, and S, wherein heterocyclyl is a saturated or partially unsaturated 3-7 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic ring
  • Rs is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci.4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, amino-Ci.4alkyl, hydroxy- Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-carbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, halo-Ci-4alkoxy, and Cs-iocycloalkyl; with the proviso that the compound is not Phenol, 5-([l,l’-biphenyl]-4-yl-4- dibenzothienylamino)-2-[4-([l, l’-biphenyl]-4-yl-4-dibenzothienylamino)-l-naphthalenyl]; 5- [Phenyl(6-phenyl-4-dibenzothieny
  • the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to the definition of the compound of Formulae I-XI, or subFormulae thereof, as disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is useful in the treatment of diseases and/or disorders related to the NLRP3 activity.
  • the invention provides a combination, in particular a pharmaceutical combination, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to the definition of compounds of Formulae I-XI, or subFormulae thereof, as disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more therapeutic agents.
  • the invention provides a combination, in particular a pharmaceutical combination, as disclosed herein, for use as a medicament.
  • the invention provides a compound of Formulae I-XI, or subFormulae thereof, as disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of a disease or disorder in which the NLRP3 signaling contributes to the pathology, and/or symptoms, and/or progression, of said disease or disorder.
  • the invention provides a method of treating a disease or disorder in which the NLRP3 signaling contributes to the pathology, and/or symptoms, and/or progression, of said disease or disorder, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formulae I-XI, or subFormulae thereof, as disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the invention provides a method of inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activity in a subject in need thereof, the method comprises administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formulae I-XI, or subFormulae thereof, as disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of a compound of Formulae I-XI, or subFormulae thereof, as disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as a medicament.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a compound of Formulae I-XI, or subFormulae thereof, as disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use as a medicament.
  • Another aspect of the invention also provides a compound of Formulae I-XI, or subFormulae thereof, as disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of a disease or disorder selected from inflammasome-related disease/disorders, immune diseases, inflammatory diseases, auto-immune diseases, and auto-inflammatory diseases.
  • a disease or disorder selected from inflammasome-related disease/disorders, immune diseases, inflammatory diseases, auto-immune diseases, and auto-inflammatory diseases.
  • An aspect of the invention provides a compound having the structure of Formulae la, lb, Ic, or Id: wherein:
  • R2 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl, deuterium-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci.4alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkyl-amino, (Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, halo- Ci-4alkyl-amino, (halo-Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, hydroxy-Ci.4alkyl-amino, Ci-4alkoxy-Ci.4alkyl-amino, amino-Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-amino-Ci-4alkyl, (Ci-4alkyl-amino)2-Ci-4alkyl, Ci.4alkoxy, halo- Ci-4alkoxy, hydroxy-Ci.4alkoxy, Ci.4alkyl-Ci.4alkoxy, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Cs-iocycloalky
  • Ra is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkoxy, and halo-Ci.4alkoxy; each R4 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, Ci.4alkoxy, halo- Ci-4alkoxy, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, and phenyl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic ring system having 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatom ring members selected from N, O, and S, wherein heterocyclyl is a saturated or partially unsaturated 3-7 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic ring system
  • Rs is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci.4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, amino-Ci.4alkyl, hydroxy- Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-carbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, halo-Ci-4alkoxy, and Cs-iocycloalkyl; with the proviso that the compound is not Phenol, 5-([l,l’-biphenyl]-4-yl-4- dibenzothienylamino)-2-[4-([l, l’-biphenyl]-4-yl-4-dibenzothienylamino)-l-naphthalenyl]; 5- [Phenyl(6-phenyl-4-dibenzothieny
  • R2 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkyl-amino, (Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, halo- Ci-4alkyl-amino, (halo-Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, hydroxy-Ci.4alkyl-amino, Ci-4alkoxy-Ci.4alkyl-amino, amino-Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-amino-Ci-4alkyl, (Ci-4alkyl-amino)2-Ci-4alkyl, Ci.4alkoxy, halo- Ci-4alkoxy, hydroxy-Ci.4alkoxy, Ci.4alkyl-Ci.4alkoxy, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Cs-iocycloalkyl
  • R3 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkoxy, and halo-Ci.4alkoxy; each R’ and R4 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, Ci.4alkoxy, halo- Ci-4alkoxy, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, and phenyl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic ring system having 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatom ring members selected from N, O, and S, wherein heterocyclyl is a saturated or partially unsaturateds-emembered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bi
  • Rs is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci-4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, amino-Ci.4alkyl, hydroxy- Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-carbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, halo-Ci-4alkoxy, and Cs-iocycloalkyl; and wherein a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a compound having the structure of Formulae
  • R 2 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-6alkyl) 2 -amino, halo-Ci-4alkyl-amino, (halo- Ci-6alkyl) 2 -amino, hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl-amino, Ci-4alkoxy-Ci.4alkyl-amino, amino-Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-amino-Ci-4alkyl, (Ci-4alkyl-amino)2-Ci-4alkyl, Ci.4alkoxy, halo-Ci.4alkoxy, hydroxy- Ci-4alkoxy, Ci-4alkyl-Ci-4alkoxy, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Cs-iocycloalkyl-amino, Cs-
  • Ra is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkoxy, and halo-Ci.4alkoxy; each R’ and R4 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, Ci.4alkoxy, halo- Ci-4alkoxy, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, and phenyl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic ring system having 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatom ring members selected from N, O, and S, wherein heterocyclyl is a saturated or partially unsaturated 3-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic
  • Rs is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci.4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, amino-Ci.4alkyl, hydroxy- Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-carbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, halo-Ci-4alkoxy, and Cs-iocycloalkyl; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; wherein a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a compound having the structure of Formulae
  • IVa, IVb, IVc, or IVd
  • R w is hydrogen, Ci-ealkyl, C2-salkynyl, halogen, Ci-ealkoxy, halo-Ci.4alkyl, halo-Ci-
  • A' is independently NH, S, O, CH2, CR4 or absent;
  • Ria is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci.4alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, halo-Ci.4alkyl, amino or hydroxy-Ci.4alkyl;
  • Rib is hydrogen, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl or hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl; and each Z is heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, aryl, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, halo- Ci-4alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-salkyl, NH(hydroxy-Ci-6alkyl), NH(Ci-6alkoxy) wherein each Z is optionally substituted with OH, NH2, -CO2H, halogen, Ci-ealkyl, Ci-ehaloalkyl, C1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C2-eacyl, C2-ealkanoic acid, C2-ealkanoate ester, or heterocyclyl, wherein heterocyclyl is a saturated or partially unsaturated 3-7 membered monocyclic, 6-10 membered bicyclic or 13-16 membered polycyclic
  • R2 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, halo-Ci-4alkyl-amino, (halo- Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl-amino, Ci-4alkoxy-Ci.4alkyl-amino, amino-Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-amino-Ci-4alkyl, (Ci-4alkyl-amino)2-Ci-4alkyl, Ci.4alkoxy, halo-Ci-4alkoxy, hydroxy- Ci-4alkoxy, Ci-4alkyl-Ci-4alkoxy, Ci-4alkyl-Ci-4alkoxy, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Cs-iocycloalkyl
  • R3 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkoxy, and halo-Ci.4alkoxy; each Ros independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci.4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, Ci.4alkoxy, halo- Ci-4alkoxy, heteroaryl, heterocycle, and phenyl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic ring system having 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatom ring members selected from N, O, and S, wherein heterocyclyl is a saturated or partially unsaturated 3-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic ring system having 1,
  • Rs is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci.4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, amino-Ci.4alkyl, hydroxy- Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-carbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, halo-Ci-4alkoxy, and Cs-iocycloalkyl; m is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; wherein a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a compound having the structure of Formulae
  • Ri a is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, halo-Ci.4alkyl, amino or hydroxy-Ci.4alkyl;
  • Rib is hydrogen, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl or hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl; and each Z is heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, aryl, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, halo-
  • R2 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, halo-Ci-4alkyl-amino, (halo- Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl-amino, Ci-4alkoxy-Ci.4alkyl-amino, amino-Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-amino-Ci-4alkyl, (Ci-4alkyl-amino)2-Ci-4alkyl, Ci.4alkoxy, halo-Ci.4alkoxy, hydroxy- Ci-4alkoxy, Ci-4alkyl-Ci-4alkoxy, Ci-4alkyl-Ci-4alkoxy, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Cs-iocycloalky
  • R3 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkoxy, and halo-Ci.4alkoxy; each R’or R4 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, Ci.4alkoxy, halo- Ci-4alkoxy, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, and phenyl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic ring system having 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatom ring members selected from N, O, and S, wherein heterocyclyl is a saturated or partially unsaturated 3-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicycl
  • Rs is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci-4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, amino-Ci.4alkyl, hydroxy- Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-carbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, halo-Ci.4alkoxy, and Cs-iocycloalkyl; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; wherein a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a compound having the structure of Formulae
  • R w is hydrogen, Ci-ealkyl, C2-salkynyl, halogen, Ci-ealkoxy, halo-Ci.4alkyl, halo-Ci-
  • each Ria is independently hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino or hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl
  • each Rib is independently hydrogen, Ci.4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl or hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl
  • each Z is heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, aryl, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, halo- Ci-4alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-salkyl, NH(hydroxy-Ci-6alkyl), NH(Ci-6alkoxy) wherein each Z is optionally substituted with OH, NH 2 , -CO2H, halogen, Ci-eal
  • R2 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, halo-Ci-4alkyl-amino, (halo- Ci-6alkyl)2-amino, hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl-amino, Ci-4alkoxy-Ci-4alkyl-amino, amino-Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-amino-Ci-4alkyl, (Ci-4alkyl-amino)2-Ci-4alkyl, Ci.4alkoxy, halo-Ci.4alkoxy, hydroxy- Ci-4alkoxy, Ci-4alkyl-Ci-4alkoxy, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Cs-iocycloalkyl-amino, Cs-iocycloal
  • Ra is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkoxy, and halo-Ci.4alkoxy; each R’ or Rds independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, Ci.4alkoxy, halo- Ci-4alkoxy, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, and phenyl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic ring system having 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatom ring members selected from N, O, and S, wherein heterocyclyl is a saturated or partially unsaturated 3-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic
  • Rs is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci.4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, amino-Ci.4alkyl, hydroxy- Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-carbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, halo-Ci-4alkoxy, and Cs-iocycloalkyl; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; wherein a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a compound having the structure of Formulae Vila, Vllb, Vile, or Vlld:
  • Rs is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci.4alkyl, deutero- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, amino-Ci.4alkyl, hydroxy- Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-carbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, halo-Ci-4alkoxy, and Cs-iocycloalkyl; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; wherein a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Rs is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci.4alkyl, deutero-Ci- 4alkyl, halo-C 1.4 alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkylamino, (Ci-4alkyl)2amino, aminoCi-4alkyl, hydroxylCi.
  • Ci-4alkylcarbonyl Ci.4alkoxy, C 1.4 alky Ithio, halo-C i.4alkoxy, and Cs-iocycloalkyl wherein a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a compound having the structure of Formula
  • Y is NRib or a bond; each R wa is hydrogen, hydroxyl, Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci.4alkyl, Ci.4alkoxy, or halo-Ci-4alkoxy, each Rib is independently hydrogen, Ci.4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl or hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl; each Z is heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, aryl, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, halo- Ci-4alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-salkyl, NH(hydroxy-Ci-6alkyl), NH(Ci-6alkoxy) wherein each Z is optionally substituted with OH, NH2, -CO2H, halogen, Ci-ealkyl, Ci-ehaloalkyl, C1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C2-eacyl, C2-ealkan
  • R3 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkoxy, and halo-Ci.4alkoxy;
  • R4 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, or C alkyl; wherein a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a compound having the structure of Formulae Xacute Xb, Xc, Xd, Xe or Xf:
  • each R wa is hydrogen, hydroxyl, Ci.4alkyl, halo-Ci.4alkyl, Ci.4alkoxy, or halo-Ci.4alkoxy
  • R’ is selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci ⁇ alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, amino-Ci-4alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-carbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, halo-Ci.4alkoxy, and Cs-iocycloalkyl; and
  • R is selected from hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, halogen, halo-Ci-4alkyl;
  • Y is NRib or a bond; each Rib is independently hydrogen, Ci.4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl or hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl; and each Z is heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, aryl, Cs-iocycloalkyl, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, halo- Ci-4alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl, NH(hydroxy-Ci-6alkyl), NH(Ci-6alkoxy) wherein each Z is optionally substituted with OH, NH2, -CO2H, halogen, Ci-ealkyl, Ci-ehaloalkyl, C1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C2-eacyl, C2-ealkanoic acid, C2-ealkanoate ester, or heterocyclyl, and wherein heterocyclyl is a saturated or partially unsaturated 3-7 membered monocyclic, 6-10
  • R3 is independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deuterium- Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkoxy, and halo-Ci.4alkoxy; m is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; wherein a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a compound having the structure of Formulae Xia, Xlb, XIc:
  • R’ is selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci.4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo- Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkyl-amino, (Ci-4alkyl)2-amino, amino-Ci-4alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkyl-carbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, halo-Ci.4alkoxy and Cs-iocycloalkyl;
  • Y and Z when taken together is selected from:
  • R4 is selected from hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, halogen, halo-Ci-4alkyl
  • R 8 is selected from Ci- 4 alkyl, CH2CH2OH, CH2CH2OCF3, CH 2 CH 2 OCHF 2 and CH 2 CH 2 C(CH 3 )2OH;
  • R9, R9a, R9b is selected from hydrogen or Ci.4alkyl and Cs-ecycloalkyl, wherein C9a and C9b can optionally cyclized to form a 3-6 membered ring; m is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and
  • X is selected from O or NR 8 ; wherein a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a compound having the structure of Formulae Xia, Xlb, XIc: wherein the moiety having the structure selected from:
  • a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Y and Z when taken together is selected from: wherein a form of the compound is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, stereoisomer, tautomer, and isotope enriched form thereof.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides any one of the compounds selected from the following:
  • Another aspect of the invention provides any one of the compounds selected from the following:
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formulae I-XI or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method for treating or ameliorating a disease modulated by NLRP3 in a subject in need thereof comprising, administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound of Formulae I-XI.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating or ameliorating a disease modulated by NLRP3 according to claim 15 selected from Alzheimer disease, Frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, Perioperative neurocognitive disorders, Post-cardiac arrest cognitive impairment, Poststroke cognitive impairment, Sepsis, Sepsis associated encephalopathy, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Macular Degeneration, Retinal neovascularization, Uveitis, Colitis, Endothelial dysfunction, Gout, Pseudogout, Graft-versus- host-disease (GvHD), Systemic lupus erythematosus-lupus nephritis, Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), Cystic fibrosis, Sickle-cell disease, VCP-associated disease, Liver fibrosis, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH), muscle atrophy, inherited and acquired myopathies, e.g.
  • FTD Fronto
  • Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), Hyperalgesia, Multiple sclerosis- associated neuropathic pain, Acute Kidney Injury, Chronic crystal nephropathy, Chronic Kidney Disease, asthma and allergic airway inflammation Diabetes-associated atherosclerosis, Diabetic encephalopathy, Diabetic kidney disease, Islet transplantation rejection, Obesity-associated renal disease, Oxalate-induced nephropathy, Renal fibrosis, Renal hypertension, Type I diabetes, Type II diabetes, Psoriasis, Hidradenitis suppurativa, Atherosclerosis and Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS).
  • DMD Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
  • Hyperalgesia Multiple sclerosis- associated neuropathic pain
  • Acute Kidney Injury Chronic crystal nephropathy, Chronic Kidney Disease, asthma and allergic airway inflammation
  • Diabetes-associated atherosclerosis Diabetic encephalopathy
  • Diabetic kidney disease Islet transplantation rejection
  • Obesity-associated renal disease Ox
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of a compound of Formulae LXI, wherein the effective amount of the compound is in a range of from about 0.001 mg/kg/day to about 500 mg/kg/day.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a compound Formulae LXI or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating or ameliorating a disease modulated by NLRP3 selected from Alzheimer disease, Frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, Perioperative neurocognitive disorders, Post-cardiac arrest cognitive impairment, Poststroke cognitive impairment, Sepsis, Sepsis associated encephalopathy, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Macular Degeneration, Retinal neovascularization, Uveitis, Colitis, Endothelial dysfunction, Gout, Pseudogout, Graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD), Systemic lupus erythematosus-lupus nephritis, Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), Cystic fibrosis, Sickle-cell disease, VCP-associated disease, Liver fibrosis, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH), muscle atrophy, inherited and acquired myopathies
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a use of a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein the effective amount of the compound is in a range of from about 0.001 mg/kg/day to about 500 mg/kg/day.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a use of a compound Formulae I-XI in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for treating or ameliorating a disease modulated by NLRP3 in a subject in need thereof comprising, administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound or a form thereof in admixture with one or more of the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is selected from H, Ci-4alkyl, halogen, Ci-ealkoxy, halo-Ci.4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkoxy, C3-6cycloalkyl, amino or cyano.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is hydrogen.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is a Ci-ealkoxy or halo-Ci-4alkoxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is OCHF2 or OCF3.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is OCH3.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is a Ci-4alkyl or halo-Ci-4alkyl or C3-6cycloalkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is CH3.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is c-Pr.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is CF3 or CHF2.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is a halogen selected from Br, Cl or F
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is F
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is Cl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is Br.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VIII, wherein R w is cyano.
  • R wa is selected from hydrogen, hydroxyl, Ci-4alkyl, halogen, Ci-ealkoxy, halo-Ci.4alkyl, halo-Ci.4alkoxy, C3- ecycloalkyl, amino and cyano.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is hydrogen.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is OH.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is a Ci-ealkoxy or halo-Ci-4alkoxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is OCHF2 or OCF 3 .
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is OCH3.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is a Ci.4alkyl or halo-Ci-4alkyl or C3-6cycloalkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is CH3.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is c-Pr.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is CF3 or CHF2.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein Rwa is a halogen selected from Br, Cl or F
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is F
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is Cl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is Br.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae IX-XI, wherein R wa is cyano.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-III and V-IX, wherein W is selected from CH, CR’ and N.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I-III and V-X, wherein each R’ is independently heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, aryl, cycloalkyl, Ci.4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo- Ci-4alkyl, Ci-4alkoxy, deutero-Ci-4alkoxy, or hydroxy-Ci.4alkyl;
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I-III and V-X, wherein each R’ is independently Ci.4alkyl, or halo-Ci-4alkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I-III and V-X, whereineach R’ is independently methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, CF3, or CHF2.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I-III and V-X, wherein each R’ is independently Ci.4alkoxy, or deutero-Ci.4alkoxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I-III and V-X, wherein each R’ is independently OCH3, OCD3, OCHF2, OCF3, or OEt.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I-III and V-X, wherein each R’ is independently a halogen, selected from F, Cl, or Br.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I-III and V-X, wherein each R’ is independently F.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I-III and V-X, wherein each R’ is independently Cl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I-III and V-X, wherein each R’ is independently Br.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-III, wherein Q is independently N or
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-III and IX, Q’, wherein Q’ is independently N, C or CH.
  • core of the above Formulae I, and III- VIII may additionally be any of the following structures which may be optionally substituted with oneor more R4:
  • the core of Formulae IX-XI may additionally be, but are not limited to, any of the following structures which may be optionally substituted with one or more R4:
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I-II, IV, and VIII-IX, wherein each A is independently absent, CH, CH2, CRa, CHR a , CR4, CHR4, N, NH, NR4 or NR a .
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I-II, IV, and VIII-IX, wherein A’ is independently absent, CH, CH2, CR a , CHRa, CHR4, CHRa, N, NH, NR4, NR a .
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein each R a is independently a halogen, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, Cs-ecycloalkyl, haloCi.4alkyl, Ci.4alkoxy, haloCi-4alkoxy, amino, or Ci-4alkylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein each R a is independently a halogen selected from F, Cl, or Br.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein each R a is independently a cyano.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein each R a is independently a Ci-4alkyl, which is selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, secbutyl, or tert-butyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein that each R a is independently a C3-6cycloalkyl, which is selected from cylopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein each R a is independently a cyclopropyl, or cyclobutyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein each R a is independently a Ci-4alkoxy or haloCi-4alkoxy, which is selected from methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy, cyclopropoxy, difluoromethoxy, and trifluoromethoxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein each R a is independently an amino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein each R a is independently a Ci-4alkylamino, which is selected from methylamino, ethylamino, N, N-dimethylamino, isopropylamino, or cyclopropylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI wherein Y is NRib.
  • Another aspect includes that Rib is hydrogen.
  • Rib is a Ci ⁇ alkyl, which is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, or butyl.
  • Another aspect includes that Rib is methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I- VII and IX-XI, wherein Y is O.
  • Another aspect includes a compounds of Formulae I- VII and IX-XI, wherein Y is a carbon optionally substituted with Ri a .
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein Ri a is selected from hydrogen, or Ci-4alkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein Ri a is hydrogen.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formula I- VII, wherein Ri a is methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is C3-6cycloalkyl selected from cyclopropyl, cylcobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl, wherein each is optionally substituted with R2
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is cyclopropyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, Ci.4alkoxy, haloCi- 4alkoxy, Ci-4alkyl, haloCi.4alkyl, or C3-6cycloalkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is cyclopropyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, CHF2, CF3, cPr, or cBu.
  • R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, CHF2, CF3, cPr, or cBu.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is cyclobutyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, Ci.4alkoxy, haloCi- 4alkoxy, Ci-4alkyl, haloCi.4alkyl, or C3-6cycloalkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is cyclobutyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, CHF2, CF3, cPr, or cBu.
  • R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, CHF2, CF3, cPr, or cBu.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is cyclopentyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, Ci.4alkoxy, haloCi- 4alkoxy, Ci-4alkyl, haloCi.4alkyl, or C3-6cycloalkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is cyclopentyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, CHF2, CF3, cPr, or cBu.
  • R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, CHF2, CF3, cPr, or cBu.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is cyclohexyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, Ci.4alkoxy, haloCi- 4alkoxy, Ci-4alkyl, haloCi.4alkyl, or C3-6cycloalkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is cyclohexyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, CHF2, CF3, cPr, or cBu.
  • R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, CHF2, CF3, cPr, or cBu.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is heterocyclyl, wherein each is optionally substituted with R2 selected from halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, Ci- 4alkoxy, haloCi-4alkoxy, Ci.4alkyl, haloC 1.4 alkyl, or C3-6cycloalkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is piperidinyl, tetrahydro-2//-pyran, tetrahydrofuran, or pyrrolidinyl, wherein each is optionally substituted with R2 selected from halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, Ci.4alkoxy, haloCi.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkyl, haloCi-4alkyl, or C3-6cycloalkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is piperidinyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, iPr, CHF 2 , CF 3 , cPr, cBu, -CH2CH2OH, -CH2CH2OCHF2, -CH2CH2OCF3, tetrahydrofuranyl, or tetrahydropyranyl.
  • R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, iPr, CHF 2 , CF 3 , cPr, cBu, -CH2CH2OH, -CH2CH2OCHF2, -CH2CH2OCF3, tetrahydrofuranyl, or te
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is pyrrolidinyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, iPr, CHF 2 , CF 3 , cPr, cBu, -CH2CH2OH, -CH2CH2OCHF2, -CH2CH2OCF3, tetrahydrofuranyl, or tetrahydropyranyl.
  • R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, iPr, CHF 2 , CF 3 , cPr, cBu, -CH2CH2OH, -CH2CH2OCHF2, -CH2CH2OCF3, tetrahydrofuranyl, or
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is tetrahydropyranyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, iPr, CHF 2 , CF 3 , cPr, cBu, -CH2CH2OH, -CH 2 CH 2 OCHF 2 , -CH2CH2OCF3, tetrahydrofuranyl, or tetrahydropyranyl.
  • R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, iPr, CHF 2 , CF 3 , cPr, cBu, -CH2CH2OH, -CH 2 CH 2 OCHF 2 , -CH2CH2OCF3, tetra
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is Ci.4alkyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, Ci.4alkoxy, haloCi.4alkoxy, Ci- 4alkyl, haloCi-4alkyl, or C3-6cycloalkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Z is Ci.4alkyl, optionally substituted with R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, CHF2, CF3, cPr, or cBu.
  • R2 selected from F, CN, OH, MeO, EtO, iPrO, cPrO, CHF2O, CF3O, Me, Et, CHF2, CF3, cPr, or cBu.
  • An aspect of the present description includes a method for preventing, treating or ameliorating any disease that is mediated by NLRP3 in a subject in need thereof comprising, administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of Formulae I-XI or a form thereof.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is halogen selected from bromo, chloro, fluoro, and iodo.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is fluoro.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is hydroxyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Ci.4alkyl selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Ci.4alkyl selected from methyl and ethyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is ethyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is amino
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Ci-ealkylamino, wherein Ci-4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, and 3 -methylpentyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Ci-ealkylamino, wherein Ci-4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, 2methylbutyl, and 3- m ethylpentyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is methylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is ethylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is isopropylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is tert-butylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is 2-methylbutyl-2- amino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is 3-methylpentyl-3- amino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is (Ci-6alkyl)2amino, wherein Ci-4alkyl is each independently selected from selected from methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, and 3 -methylpentyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is (Ci-6alkyl)2amino, wherein Ci-4alkyl is methyl or ethyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is dimethylamino or diethylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is dimethylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is di ethylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is halo-Ci- 4alkylamino, wherein Ci-4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl, partially or completely substituted with one or more halogen atoms where allowed by available valences.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is halo-Ci- 4alkylamino, wherein Ci-4alkyl is selected from isopropyl and tert-butyl, partially or completely substituted with one or more halogen atoms where allowed by available valences.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is 1 -fluoro-2-methylpropan- 2-amino or l-fluoropropan-2-amino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is hydroxy-Ci- 4alkylamino, wherein Ci-4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl, partially or completely substituted with one or more hydroxy groups where allowed by available valences.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is hydroxy-Ci- 4alkylamino, wherein Ci-4alkyl is selected from ethyl and propyl, partially or completely substituted with one or more hydroxy groups where allowed by available valences.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is 2hydroxy ethylamino or 3 -hydroxypropylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Ci-4alkoxy-Ci- 4alkyl-amino, wherein Ci.4alkoxy is selected from methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy and tert-butoxy, and Ci.4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Ci-4alkoxy-Ci- 4alkyl-amino, wherein Ci.4alkoxy is methoxy and Ci.4alkyl is selected propyl, isopropyl, and tertbutyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is lmethoxypropan-2- amino or l-methoxy-2-methylpropan-2-amino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Ci-4alkylaminoCi- 4alkyl, wherein each Ci.4alkyl is independently selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl.
  • R2 is Ci-4alkylaminoCi- 4alkyl, wherein each Ci.4alkyl is independently selected from methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and tertbutyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is methylaminomethyl, propan-2-yl-aminomethyl, propan-2-yl-aminoethyl, or tert-butylaminom ethyl .
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is (Ci- 4alkylamino)2Ci-4alkyl, wherein each Ci.4alkyl is independently selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is (Ci- 4alkylamino)2Ci-4alkyl, wherein each Ci.4alkyl is methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is dimethylaminomethyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Ci.4alkoxy selected from methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy and tert-butoxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 methoxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Cs-iocycloalkyl- amino, wherein Cs-iocycloalkyl is selected from cyclopropyl, cylcobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]hexanyl, and adamantyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Cs-iocycloalkyl- amino, wherein Cs-iocycloalkyl is selected from cyclopropyl, cylcobutyl, cyclopentyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]hexanyl, and adamantyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Cs-iocycloalkyl- amino-Ci-4alkyl, wherein Cs-iocycloalkyl is selected from cyclopropyl, cylcobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]hexanyl, and adamantyl and Ci.4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is Cs-iocycloalkyl- amino-Ci-4alkyl, wherein Cs-iocycloalkyl is selected from cyclopropyl, cylcobutyl, and cyclopentyl, and Ci.4alkyl is methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is cyclopropylaminomethyl, cyclobutylaminomethyl, or cyclopentylaminomethyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is heteroaryl-Ci- 4alkyl-amino, wherein heteroaryl is selected from thienyl, 1/Zpyrazolyl, l/Zimidazolyl, l,3thiazolyl, oxazolyl, l,2,4oxadiazolyl, l,3,4oxadiazolyl, l,2,4thiadiazolyl, l7/-tetrazolyl, 2H- tetrazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, l,2,4triazinyl, 1,3,5-triazinyl, UTindolyl, UTindazolyl, 27
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is heteroaryl-Ci- 4alkyl-amino, wherein heteroaryl is pyridinyl, and Ci.4alkyl is methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is pyridin-2-yl-methylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is heterocyclyl-amino, wherein heterocyclyl is selected from azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, piperidinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl, and 8oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is heterocyclyl-amino, wherein heterocyclyl is selected from oxetanyl and tetrahydropyranyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is oxetanylamino or tetrahy ropy rany 1 amino .
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is heterocyclyl-amino- Ci-4alkyl, wherein heterocyclyl is selected from azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, piperidinyl, oxanyl, 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl, and 8oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl, and Ci.4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is heterocyclyl-amino- Ci-4alkyl, wherein heterocyclyl is selected from tetrahydrofuranyl, oxanyl, and 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl, and Ci.4alkyl is methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is oxanylaminomethyl, tetrahy drofuranylaminomethyl, and 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is heterocyclyl- amino-Cs-iocycloalkyl, wherein heterocyclyl is selected from azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, piperidinyl, oxanyl, 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl, and 8oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl, and Cs-iocycloalkyl is selected from cyclopropyl, cylcobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is heterocyclyl-amino-Cs- wcycloalkyl, wherein heterocyclyl is oxanyl, and Cs-iocycloalkyl is cyclopropyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R2 is oxanylaminocyclopropyl .
  • One aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R3 is halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci.4alkoxy, and haloCi.4alkoxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R3 is halogen and Ci- 4alkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R3 is halogen selected from bromo, chloro, fluoro, and iodo.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R3 is fluoro.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R3 is Ci.4alkyl selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl.
  • One aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R4 is selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, Ci.4alkyl, deutero-Ci-4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkylamino, (Ci- 4alkyl)2amino, Ci.4alkoxy, halo-Ci.4alkoxy, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, and phenyl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-6 membered monocyclic or 6-10 membered bicyclic ring system having 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatom ring members independently selected from N, O, and S, wherein heterocyclyl is a saturated or partially unsaturated 3-6 membered monocyclic or 9-10 membered bicyclic ring system having 1, 2, or 3 heteroatom ring members selected from N, O, and S, and wherein each instance of phenyl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R4 is selected from halogen, Ci.4alkoxy, heteroaryl, and phenyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R4 is halogen selected from bromo, chloro, fluoro, and iodo.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R4 is fluoro.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R4 is Ci.4alkoxy selected from methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, and tert-butoxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R4 methoxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R4 is heteroaryl, wherein heteroaryl is a 5-6 membered monocyclic or 6-10 membered bicyclic ring system having 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatom ring members independently selected from N, O, and S, optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents each selected from R5.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R4 is phenyl, 1 or 2 substituents each selected from R5.
  • One aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkylamino, (Ci- 4alkyl)2amino, aminoCi-4alkyl, hydroxylCi-4alkyl, Ci-4alkylcarbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci.4alkylthio, halo-Ci-4alkoxy, and Cs-iocycloalkyl.
  • R5 is selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci-4alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, halo-Ci-4alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkylamino, (Ci- 4alkyl)2amino, aminoCi-4alkyl, hydroxylCi-4alkyl, Ci-4alkylcarbon
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci ⁇ alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkylamino, aminoCi. 4alkyl, hydroxylCi-4alkyl, Ci-4alkylcarbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, and Cs-iocycloalkyl.
  • R5 is selected from halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, Ci ⁇ alkyl, deutero-Ci.4alkyl, amino, Ci-4alkylamino, aminoCi. 4alkyl, hydroxylCi-4alkyl, Ci-4alkylcarbonyl, Ci.4alkoxy, Ci-4alkylthio, and Cs-iocycloalkyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is halogen selected from bromo, chloro, fluoro, and iodo.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is halogen selected from bromo, chloro and fluoro.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is chloro.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is fluoro.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is hydroxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is cyano.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is nitro.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is Ci.4alkyl selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein R5 is deutero-Ci.4alkyl wherein Ci.4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl partially or completely substituted with one or more deuterium atoms where allowed by available valences.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is ( 2 H3)methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is amino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is Ci-ealkylamino wherein Ci-4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, and 3 -methylpentyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is Ci-4alkylamino wherein Ci-4alkyl is methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is methylamino.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is aminoCi.4alkyl wherein Ci-4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is aminoCi.4alkyl wherein Ci-4alkyl is methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is aminomethyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is hydroxylCi-4alkyl, wherein Ci-4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl partially or completely substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups where allowed by available valences.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is hydroxylCi-4alkyl, wherein Ci.4alkyl is methyl substituted with one hydroxyl group.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is hydroxymethyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is CM alkyl carbonyl, wherein Ci-4alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is CM alkyl carbonyl, wherein Ci-4alkyl is methyl.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is CFhC(O)-.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is Ci-4alkoxy selected from methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, and tert-butoxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs methoxy.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is Ci.4alkylthio selected from methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, isopropylthio, butylthio, and tert-butylthio.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs methylthio.
  • Another aspect includes a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein Rs is Cs-iocycloalkyl selected from cyclopropyl, cylcobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]hexanyl, and adamantly.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating or ameliorating a disease modulated by NLRP3 with a compound of Formulae I-XI wherein said disease is selected from Alzheimer disease, Frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, Perioperative neurocognitive disorders, Post-cardiac arrest cognitive impairment, Poststroke cognitive impairment, Sepsis, Sepsis associated encephalopathy, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Macular Degeneration, Retinal neovascularization, Uveitis, Colitis, Endothelial dysfunction, Gout, Pseudogout, Graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD), Systemic lupus erythematosus-lupus nephritis, Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), Cystic fibrosis, Sickle-cell disease, VCP-associated disease, Liver fibrosis, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH), muscle atrophy, inherited and acquired myopathies
  • Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), Hyperalgesia, Multiple sclerosis-associated neuropathic pain, Acute Kidney Injury, Chronic crystal nephropathy, Chronic Kidney Disease, asthma and allergic airway inflammation Diabetes-associated atherosclerosis, Diabetic encephalopathy, Diabetic kidney disease, Islet transplantation rejection, Obesity-associated renal disease, Oxalate-induced nephropathy, Renal fibrosis, Renal hypertension, Type I diabetes, Type II diabetes, Psoriasis, Hidradenitis suppurativa, Atherosclerosis and Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS).
  • DMD Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
  • Hyperalgesia Multiple sclerosis-associated neuropathic pain
  • Acute Kidney Injury Chronic crystal nephropathy, Chronic Kidney Disease, asthma and allergic airway inflammation
  • Diabetes-associated atherosclerosis Diabetic encephalopathy
  • Diabetic kidney disease Islet transplantation rejection
  • Obesity-associated renal disease Ox
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a subject with a compound of Formulae I-XI, wherein the effective amount of the compound is in a range of from about 0.001 mg/kg/day to about 500 mg/kg/day.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a compound of Formulae I-XI or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating or ameliorating a disease modulated by NLRP3 selected from Alzheimer disease, Frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, Perioperative neurocognitive disorders, Post-cardiac arrest cognitive impairment, Poststroke cognitive impairment, Sepsis, Sepsis associated encephalopathy, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Macular Degeneration, Retinal neovascularization, Uveitis, Colitis, Endothelial dysfunction, Gout, Pseudogout, Graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD), Systemic lupus erythematosus-lupus nephritis, Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), Cystic fibrosis, Sickle-cell disease, VCP -associated disease, Liver fibrosis, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH), muscle atrophy, inherited and acquired
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a use of a compound of Formulae LXI, wherein the effective amount of the compound is in a range of from about 0.001 mg/kg/day to about 500 mg/kg/day.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a use of a compound of Formulae LXI in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for treating or ameliorating a disease modulated by NLRP3 in a subject in need thereof comprising, administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound or a form thereof in admixture with one or more of the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • the application further provides a compound, composition, use or method as described herein.
  • NLRP3 -induced IL-I and IL-18 have been found to be responsible for a set of rare autoinflammatory diseases known as CAPS (Ozaki et al, J. Inflammation Research, 2015, 8, 15- 27; Schroder et al, Cell, 2010, 140:821-832; Menu et al, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2011, 166, 1-15).
  • CAPS are heritable diseases characterized by recurrent fever and inflammation and are comprised of three autoinflammatory disorders that form a clinical continuum. These diseases, in order of increasing severity, are familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS), Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS), and chronic infantile cutaneous neurological articular syndrome (CINCA; also called neonatal -onset multisystem inflammatory disease, NOMID), and all have been shown to result from gain-of-function mutations in the NLRP3 gene, which leads to increased secretion of IL-I beta.
  • FCAS familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome
  • MFS Muckle-Wells syndrome
  • CINCA chronic infantile cutaneous neurological articular syndrome
  • NOMID neonatal -onset multisystem inflammatory disease
  • NLRP3 has also been implicated in a number of autoinflammatory diseases, including pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne (PAPA), Sweet’s syndrome, chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO), and acne vulgaris (Cook et al, Eur J. Immunol., 2010, 40, 595-653).
  • a number of autoimmune diseases have been shown to involve NLRP3 including, in particular, multiple sclerosis, type-1 diabetes (T1D), psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Behcet’s disease, Schnitzler syndrome, macrophage activation syndrome (Braddock et al. Nat. Rev. Drug Disc.
  • NLRP3 has also been shown to play a role in a number of lung diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), asthma (including steroidresistant asthma), asbestosis, and silicosis (De Nardo et al, Am. J. PathoL, 2014, 184: 42-54; Kim et al. Am. J. Respir Crit Care Med, 2017, 196(3), 283-97).
  • COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
  • asthma including steroidresistant asthma
  • asbestosis asbestosis
  • silicosis De Nardo et al, Am. J. PathoL, 2014, 184: 42-54; Kim et al. Am. J. Respir Crit Care Med, 2017, 196(3), 283-97.
  • NLRP3 has also been suggested to have a role in a number of central nervous system conditions, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), dementia, Huntington’s disease, cerebral malaria, brain injury from pneumococcal meningitis (Walsh et al, Nature Reviews, 2014, 15, 84- 97; and Dempsey et al. Brain. Behav. Immun. 2017, 61, 306-16), intracranial aneurysms (Zhang et al. J. Stroke and Cerebrovascular Dis., 2015, 24, 5, 972-9), and traumatic brain injury (Ismael et al. J. Neurotrauma., 2018, 35(11), 1294-1303).
  • MS Multiple Sclerosis
  • PD Parkinson’s disease
  • AD Alzheimer’s disease
  • Huntington’s disease cerebral malaria
  • brain injury from pneumococcal meningitis Walsh et al, Nature Reviews, 2014, 15, 84- 97; and
  • NRLP3 activity has also been shown to be involved in various metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its oigan-specific complications, atherosclerosis, obesity, gout, pseudo-gout, metabolic syndrome (Wen et al, Nature Immunology, 2012, 13, 352-357; Duewell et al, Nature, 2010, 464, 1357-1361; Strowig et al, Nature, 2014, 481, 278-286), and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (Mridha et al. J. Hepatol.
  • NLRP3 is also suggested to play a key pathological role in the development and progression of several skeletal muscle diseases, e.g. muscle atrophy, inherited and acquired myopathies (Dubussion et al. Ce/& 2021 , 10(11 ⁇ :3023).
  • a role for NLRP3 via IL-I beta has also been suggested in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction (van Hout et al. Eur Heart J. 2017, 38(11), 828-36), heart failure (Sano et al. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2018, 71(8), 875-66), aortic aneurysm and dissection (Wu et al. Arterioscler Thromb.
  • NLRP3 vascular diseases in which NLRP3 has been shown to be involved include: ocular diseases such as both wet and dry age-related macular degeneration (Doyle et al. Nature Medicine, 2012, 18, 791- 798; Tarallo et al. Cell 2012, 149(4), 847-59), diabetic retinopathy (Loukovaara et al. Acta Ophthalmol., 2017, 95(8), 803-8), non-infectious uveitis and optic nerve damage (Puyang et al. Sci. Rep.

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