WO2023020571A1

WO2023020571A1 - Battery having explosion venting device, battery module, and battery box having explosion venting channel

Info

Publication number: WO2023020571A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/113263
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘毅; 雷政军
Original assignee: 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司
Priority date: 2021-08-20
Filing date: 2022-08-18
Publication date: 2023-02-23

Abstract

A battery having an explosion venting device, a battery module, and a battery box having an explosion venting channel, the battery having an explosion venting device comprising a cover plate (11) and an explosion venting pipe (13), an explosion venting port (18) is provided on the cover plate (11), the explosion venting pipe (13) communicates with the explosion venting port (18), and an explosion venting membrane (19) is radially disposed within the explosion venting port (18) or the explosion venting membrane (19) is radially disposed within the explosion venting pipe (13). When thermal runaway occurs in the battery, the battery is a high-temperature heat source, and a generated high-temperature combustible gas is discharged by passing through the explosion venting pipe, during the whole process the high-temperature combustible gas does not make contact with the high-temperature heat source and the air, thereby greatly reducing the risk of fire.

Description

Batteries with explosion venting devices, battery modules and battery boxes with explosion venting channels

technical field

The application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a battery with an explosion venting device, a battery module and a battery box with an explosion venting channel.

Background technique

New energy batteries are power sources that provide power sources, and mostly refer to batteries that provide power for electric vehicles, electric trains, electric bicycles, etc. However, when in use, overheating, overcharging, and overdischarging of the battery will cause heat accumulation inside the battery, and a large amount of heat accumulation will cause the internal temperature of the battery to rise. When the temperature rises to the limit that the battery can withstand, thermal runaway will occur. When the battery thermal runaway A large amount of flammable mixed gas will be generated, such as: H ₂ , CO, CH ₄ , etc. These flammable mixed gases will accumulate inside the battery to increase the internal pressure of the battery. When the internal pressure of the battery reaches a certain limit, the battery will vent itself to release the flammable mixed gas. The gas is released into the battery compartment, and the contact of the flammable mixed gas with oxygen can easily cause a fire.

There are many studies on battery explosion venting in the prior art, which are mainly divided into internal explosion venting and external explosion venting. Internal explosion venting refers to the installation of gas absorbing materials inside the battery. For example, the patent application with the announcement number CN 102934278A is A capsule equipped with a gas-absorbing material is installed inside the battery case. When the internal temperature of the battery rises, the capsule bursts and releases the gas-absorbing material, which absorbs the generated combustible gas mixture and prevents the gas from blowing out. However, this technology has gas-absorbing materials in the The problem of poor stability and consistency in the high-temperature environment inside the battery, the gas adsorption efficiency will drop significantly at high temperature, and there will still be battery explosion venting; external explosion venting is a more common method, which is to remove the gas generated inside the battery. The combustible mixture is discharged outward, such as the utility model patent with the notification number CN204991875U, which uses a pipeline to connect the inside of the battery with the external air bag, collects the combustible mixture through the air bag, and drives the thimble to pierce the outside while the air bag increases. The explosion-venting membrane releases the pressure; but when there are multiple batteries in the battery compartment, the high-temperature flammable mixture leaking from one battery will affect other normal working batteries and accelerate the heat generation of other normal working batteries. Out of control, and at the same time, in this way, the flammable mixture leaks to the environment, causing environmental pollution.

In addition, to solve the problem of battery box safety in the prior art, the main consideration is the design of the heat dissipation structure, such as setting exhaust fans, water cooling cycle of the box, setting heat dissipation fins in the box, adding semiconductor cooling fins, etc., while the battery box itself Explosion and pressure relief are less considered. For example, the patent No. CN2020219815768 discloses a battery box with an explosion relief function. By setting a pressure relief hole, a spring and a pressure relief plate in the box, when the battery explodes, the pressure generated by the explosion inside the battery box passes through the pressure relief hole. It is discharged into the pressure relief plate, and after being buffered by the spring, the explosion pressure is gradually reduced. This patent only considers releasing the pressure inside the battery box to reduce damage to the structure of the battery box, and the released combustible gas may cause a secondary fire when heated. The patent number is CN2019205621548, which discloses a new energy battery box with explosion-venting function. By setting up an explosion-venting device including an explosion-venting plate and an explosion-venting bolt, and hinged the explosion-venting plate and the box, on the one hand, it can play an explosion-venting role. As a result, on the other hand, when the explosion venting plate is vented, it will not break away from the box and fly to other equipment. At the same time, the crossbeam and the explosion-venting bolt are set to be threaded, just unscrew the screw, replace with a new metal gasket, then pass the screw through the through hole of the explosion-venting plate, tighten the screw and the crossbeam, and it can be reused. This technology only solves the safety of the battery box and the repeated use of the explosion-venting device in the process of explosion-venting from a structural point of view, and the prevention of secondary hazards caused by the diffusion of combustible gas is a further consideration.

From the above description, it can be seen that how to effectively prevent the secondary danger of the battery due to thermal runaway is also an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned existing technology, the combustible mixed gas generated inside the battery is first discharged into the battery compartment, and the high-temperature combustible mixed gas discharged into the battery compartment will affect other normally working batteries. This application proposes a For batteries with explosion-venting devices, battery modules and battery boxes with explosion-venting channels, this application installs an explosion-venting tube on the battery body, which communicates with the electrolyte chamber of the battery, and collects heat from the battery through the explosion-venting tube. The generated combustible mixture is discharged without affecting the normal operation of other batteries. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

A battery with an explosion venting device, comprising a cover plate and an explosion venting tube, the cover plate is provided with an explosion venting port, the explosion venting tube communicates with the explosion venting port, and the explosion venting port is radially provided with An explosion venting membrane, or an explosion venting membrane is arranged radially in the explosion venting pipe.

Further, a boss is arranged inside the explosion venting tube, and the explosion venting tube is fixedly connected to the explosion venting membrane through the boss; or a boss is arranged on the explosion venting membrane, and the explosion venting membrane is connected to the explosion venting membrane through the boss Explosion port fixed connection.

Further, the cover plate is integrally connected with the explosion venting pipe; or the bottom of the explosion venting pipe is provided with an outwardly protruding connection plate, and the explosion venting pipe is connected to the cover plate in a split form through the connection plate.

Further, the top of the detonation pipe is provided with an outwardly protruding connecting plate.

At the same time, the present application also provides a battery module with an explosion venting device, which includes a battery module body, the battery module body includes a manifold and a plurality of the above-mentioned batteries with an explosion venting device, and a plurality of batteries with an explosion venting device. The electrolyte chambers of the batteries of the explosion device communicate with the confluence pipe through the explosion vent pipe, and the confluence pipe passes through the battery module body and extends to the outside of the battery module body.

Further, the confluence pipe includes a confluence main pipe and a confluence branch pipe, and each detonation pipe communicates with a confluence branch pipe, and the confluence branch pipe passes through the battery module body and communicates with the confluence main pipe arranged outside the battery module body.

Further, the converging branch pipe communicates with the explosion relief pipe through a butt joint.

Further, the battery module with an explosion relief device further includes a gas treatment device communicated with the manifold.

Further, the gas processing device includes an upper adsorption chamber and a lower cooling chamber, the upper adsorption chamber and the lower cooling chamber are separated by a partition, the partition is a gas-permeable plate, and the confluence main pipe communicates with the lower cooling chamber.

Further, the upper adsorption chamber is provided with a gas adsorbent, and the lower cooling chamber is provided with cooling liquid; the top of the upper adsorption chamber is connected to an exhaust pipe.

In addition, in view of the above-mentioned problem of secondary danger caused by thermal runaway of the battery, this application also proposes a battery box with an explosion venting channel, and its specific technical solution is as follows:

A battery box with an explosion venting channel, comprising a battery cavity, an adsorption cavity and a gas collection pipeline, the battery cavity is provided with a battery module, the battery module communicates with the adsorption cavity through the gas collection pipeline, the battery module The pack comprises a plurality of the above-mentioned batteries with explosion venting.

Further, a plurality of batteries with explosion venting devices are arranged side by side, and the gas collection pipeline communicates with the explosion venting ports on the batteries.

Further, the gas collection pipeline includes a branch pipe and a standpipe, each battery corresponds to a branch pipe, the standpipe communicates with the explosion vent on the battery through the branch pipe, and the standpipe communicates with the adsorption chamber.

Further, the battery cavity includes an inner cavity and an outer cavity arranged outside the inner cavity, the battery module is placed in the inner cavity, and the outer cavity is filled with a heat-conducting material, and the heat-conducting material may be heat-conducting oil , rosin, thermally conductive silica gel and graphite, or a combination of two or more.

Further, a heat dissipation fin is provided in the battery cavity, one end of the heat dissipation fin is placed in the inner cavity, and the other end of the heat dissipation fin is placed in the outer cavity.

Further, the battery box with an explosion venting channel further includes an electrical cavity arranged between the battery cavity and the adsorption cavity, and the standpipe passes through the electrical cavity and communicates with the adsorption cavity.

Further, the adsorption cavity is provided with a solid adsorption material, and the solid adsorption material is one or a combination of two or more of activated carbon, graphite, adsorption resin, silicon dioxide, porous glass, magnesium oxide, etc. .

Further, a lower partition is provided between the battery chamber and the electrical chamber, an upper partition is provided between the electrical chamber and the adsorption chamber, and via holes are provided on the lower partition and the upper partition, so The standpipe passes through the via hole on the lower partition and the via hole on the upper partition to communicate with the adsorption chamber in turn, the connection between the via hole of the lower partition and the standpipe, and the connection between the via hole of the upper partition and the standpipe. The joints are provided with sealing gaskets.

Further, the bottom of the lower partition is provided with a ring extending downwards, the top opening of the inner cavity is opened, and the annular boss is clamped at the top opening of the inner cavity and seals the inner cavity; and the lower partition The edge of the plate extends to the wall of the outer cavity and seals the outer cavity.

Further, a ventilation tube is provided in the adsorption cavity, the ventilation tube runs through the adsorption cavity, and a ventilation mesh is arranged on the ventilation tube, and the standpipe extends into the lumen of the ventilation tube and passes through the ventilation mesh and The adsorption chamber is connected.

Further, the top opening of the adsorption chamber is open, and an upper cover of the adsorption chamber is provided at the top opening of the adsorption chamber, and an exhaust pipe communicating with the adsorption chamber is arranged on the upper cover of the adsorption chamber.

Further, ventilation holes are provided on the cavity wall of the electrical cavity.

Further, a battery holder is arranged in the inner cavity, and a plurality of battery storage bins are arranged side by side on the battery holder, and one battery is correspondingly placed in each battery storage bin.

Further, there are multiple battery boxes with explosion venting passages, and multiple battery boxes with explosion venting passages are arranged side by side, and the adsorption chambers on the battery boxes with explosion venting passages are connected to the collection chamber through the exhaust pipe. The tube is connected.

Further, the collection pipe communicates with the gas collection device.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

1. The battery with explosion-venting device provided by this application includes a cover plate and an explosion-venting tube. An explosion-venting port is arranged on the cover plate. The explosion-venting membrane, or the explosion-venting tube is provided with an explosion-venting membrane along the radial direction. When the battery is thermally out of control, the battery is a high-temperature heat source, and the high-temperature combustible gas generated is released through the explosion vent tube. The high-temperature combustible gas mixture does not come into contact with the high-temperature heat source and air throughout the process, which greatly reduces the risk of fire.

2. In the battery of this application, a boss is provided in the explosion venting tube, and the explosion venting tube is fixedly connected to the explosion venting membrane through the boss; or the explosion venting membrane is provided with a boss, and the explosion venting membrane is fixed to the explosion venting port through the boss connect. The explosion vent or the explosion vent pipe can be connected more firmly with the explosion vent membrane through the boss.

3. In the battery of this application, the cover plate and the explosion vent tube are integrally connected, and the explosion vent tube can be formed by integral stamping on the cover plate, and the operation process is simple; The explosion tube is connected to the cover plate through the connection plate in a split type, and the connection plate enables the explosion vent tube to be welded more firmly when it is welded to the top of the explosion vent port, and the welding operation is convenient.

4. In the battery of this application, an outwardly protruding connection plate is provided on the top of the explosion vent tube, through which the explosion vent tube can be conveniently connected to other pipelines.

5. The battery module with explosion venting device provided by this application includes a manifold and multiple batteries with explosion venting devices. The electrolyte chambers of multiple batteries are connected to the manifold through the explosion venting tube, and the manifold passes through The battery module body extends to the outside of the battery module body. When the thermal runaway of a certain battery causes the electrolyte to react to generate flammable mixed gas, the flammable mixed gas will be discharged to the outside of the battery module body along the manifold, and the high-temperature flammable mixed gas will not contact other batteries and will not affect other batteries At the same time, the high-temperature combustible mixed gas will not come into contact with other high-temperature heat sources or oxygen during the whole discharge process, which greatly reduces the risk of fire.

6. In the battery module of this application, the confluence pipe includes a confluence main pipe and a confluence branch pipe, the confluence branch pipe communicates with the explosion vent pipe, and the confluence branch pipe passes through the battery module body and communicates with the confluence main pipe. The confluence branch pipe facilitates the export of the combustible mixture from the cavity of the battery module body, and the confluence main pipe facilitates the centralized collection of the combustible mixture.

7. In the battery module of this application, the confluence branch pipe communicates with the explosion vent pipe through the butt joint; the connection between the confluence branch pipe and the explosion vent pipe can be made more firm through the butt joint.

8. The battery module with explosion venting device of this application also includes a gas treatment device connected to the confluence main pipe, through which the combustible mixture is processed centrally to avoid fire caused by the contact of the combustible mixture with air, and at the same time avoid The discharge of combustible mixed gas into the air pollutes the environment, which is in line with the concept of green development and environmental protection of new energy batteries.

9. In the battery module of this application, the gas treatment device includes an upper adsorption chamber and a lower cooling chamber, the upper adsorption chamber and the lower cooling chamber are separated by a partition, the partition is a breathable plate, and the confluence main pipe communicates with the lower cooling chamber. The cooling liquid in the lower cooling chamber first cools the combustible gas mixture. After cooling, the gas precipitates from the cooling liquid and is adsorbed by the upper adsorption chamber. After cooling, the adsorption can improve the adsorption efficiency of combustible gas components, and the mixture of combustible gas components is absorbed. The gas can be safely vented.

10. The battery box with an explosion vent channel provided by this application connects the battery module in the battery cavity with the adsorption cavity through the gas collection pipeline, and can discharge the combustible mixed gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery due to internal heat collection out of the battery cavity in time , the flammable mixed gas will not form a suppressed pressure in the battery cavity, preventing damage to the structure of the battery box; at the same time, it can also effectively isolate the flammable mixed gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery from the combustible material (air), preventing the flammable mixed gas from Secondary deflagration occurs when the combustible material (air) is mixed, causing danger; the combustible mixed gas enters the adsorption chamber through the gas collection pipeline and is adsorbed by the solid adsorption material in the adsorption chamber to remove the combustible components and can be discharged safely.

11. In the battery box of this application, the gas collection pipeline is connected to the explosion vent on the battery; when a battery cell in the battery module is thermally out of control and the electrolyte decomposes to generate flammable mixed gas, the high-temperature flammable mixed gas is collected along the gas The pipeline is discharged to the adsorption chamber of the battery box, and the whole process does not contact with other battery cells in the battery module, and will not affect the normal operation of other battery cells; at the same time, the high-temperature combustible gas mixture will not contact with other cells during the whole discharge process. High-temperature heat source contact, and no contact with oxygen, greatly reducing the risk of fire.

12. In the battery box of this application, the battery cavity includes an inner cavity and an outer cavity arranged outside the inner cavity. The battery module is placed in the inner cavity, and the outer cavity is filled with heat-conducting materials; the heat-conducting material can keep the battery module working. The generated heat is transferred to the outside of the outer cavity to dissipate and protect the battery module.

13. In the battery box of the present application, a cooling fin is installed in the battery cavity, one end of the cooling fin is placed in the inner cavity, and the other end of the cooling fin is placed in the outer cavity. The temperature of the inner cavity can be quickly transferred to the outer cavity through the cooling fins, which increases the heat transfer area and improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

14. The battery box with explosion-venting channels in this application also includes an electrical cavity arranged between the battery cavity and the adsorption cavity, in which it is convenient to arrange the connecting circuit wires or control circuit components of the battery; on the cavity wall of the electrical cavity Ventilation holes are provided, through which heat generated by circuit wires or control circuit components in the electrical cavity can be dissipated.

15. In the battery box of this application, a solid adsorption material is provided in the adsorption chamber, through which the combustible gas components in the combustible gas mixture can be adsorbed, and the combustible gas can be discharged after the combustible gas is absorbed, which can reduce the occurrence of secondary gas in the combustible gas mixture. risk of secondary combustion.

16. In the battery box of this application, an annular boss is provided at the bottom of the lower partition, and the annular boss is clamped at the top opening of the inner cavity and seals the inner cavity; the ring boss facilitates the connection between the lower partition and the inner cavity. The tight fitting connection facilitates the sealing of the inner cavity; at the same time, the edge of the lower partition extends to the cavity wall of the outer cavity and seals the outer cavity, which facilitates the sealing of the outer cavity.

17. In the battery box of this application, a ventilation tube is provided in the adsorption cavity, the ventilation tube runs through the adsorption cavity, and the ventilation tube is provided with a ventilation mesh, and the standpipe extends into the lumen of the ventilation tube and passes through the ventilation mesh and the adsorption cavity. connected. The combustible mixed gas is uniformly dispersed in the solid adsorption material through the air-permeable mesh, so that the combustible gas components in the combustible mixed gas are more fully adsorbed by the solid adsorbent.

18. In the battery box of this application, the upper cover of the adsorption chamber is provided with an exhaust pipe that communicates with the adsorption chamber, through which the gas that has absorbed combustible components can be easily discharged or further collected.

19. In the battery box of this application, multiple battery compartments are arranged side by side on the battery bracket, and a battery is placed in each battery compartment; the position of each battery cell can be fixed by the battery bracket.

20. In the battery box of this application, the collecting pipe is connected with the gas collection device, and the gas that has absorbed combustible gas components is collected in a centralized manner to prevent environmental pollution.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the battery with explosion-venting device in embodiment 1 of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the integrated connection between the cover plate and the explosion vent pipe in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting plate provided on the outside of the top of the detonation pipe in Example 1 of the present application;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of the split connection between the cover plate and the detonation pipe in Example 2 of the present application;

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram II of the split connection between the cover plate and the detonation pipe in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the manifold in Embodiment 4 of the present application;

7 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the explosion venting device and the battery body in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a battery module equipped with an explosion venting device in Embodiment 6 of the present application;

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the gas treatment device in Example 7 of the present application;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a battery box with an explosion-venting passage in Embodiment 9 of the present application;

Fig. 11 is an exploded exploded view of a battery box with an explosion venting channel in Embodiment 9 of the present application;

Figure 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of a battery box with an explosion venting passage in Example 9 of the present application;

Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of the upper cover of the adsorption chamber in Example 9 of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the battery cavity in Example 9 of the present application;

Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of the battery holder in Example 9 of the present application;

Figure 16 is a schematic structural view of the gas collection pipeline in Example 9 of the present application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module in Embodiment 9 of the present application;

Figure 18 is a schematic structural view of the upper partition in Example 9 of the present application;

FIG. 19 is a schematic structural view of the lower partition in Embodiment 9 of the present application.

Reference signs: 11-cover plate, 12-positive pole, 13-explosion vent tube, 131-boss, 132-external thread, 133-connecting plate, 14-negative pole, 15-battery body, 16-combustion pipe, 161-Confluence branch pipe, 162-Butt joint, 163-Seal, 17-Gas treatment device, 171-Adsorption layer, 172-Filter cotton, 173-Separator, 174-Coolant, 175-Exhaust pipe, 176-Path Trachea, 18-explosion vent, 19-explosion venting membrane, 110-liquid injection hole, 21-battery chamber, 22-electrical chamber, 23-absorption chamber, 24-adsorption chamber upper cover, 25-upper partition, 26 -Lower partition, 27-battery bracket, 28-battery, 29-gas collection pipeline, 211-inner cavity, 212-outer cavity, 213-radiating fins, 221-ventilation hole, 241-exhaust pipe, 242- Vent pipe, 261-annular boss, 262-through hole, 291-branch pipe, 292-standpipe.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present application will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present application is not limited to the implementation manners described below.

The battery with the explosion venting device provided by the application includes a cover plate 11 and an explosion venting tube 13, the cover plate 11 is provided with an explosion venting port 18, the explosion venting tube 13 communicates with the explosion venting port 18, and the inner diameter of the explosion venting port 18 is An explosion-venting membrane 19 is arranged in the direction, or an explosion-venting membrane 19 is arranged radially in the explosion-venting pipe 13 . There is a boss in the explosion venting pipe 13, and the explosion venting pipe 13 is fixedly connected with the explosion venting membrane 19 through the boss; or the explosion venting membrane 19 is provided with a boss, and the explosion venting membrane 19 is fixedly connected with the explosion venting port 18 through the boss . The cover plate 11 is integrally connected with the explosion venting pipe 13 , or the bottom of the explosion venting pipe 13 is provided with an outwardly protruding connection plate 133 , and the explosion venting pipe 13 is connected separately with the cover plate 11 through the connecting plate 133 . In addition, the top of the detonation pipe 13 may also be provided with a connecting plate 133 protruding outward.

The battery module with explosion venting device provided by the present application includes a battery module body, the battery module body includes a manifold 16 and a plurality of the above-mentioned batteries with explosion venting devices, and the electrolysis of a plurality of batteries with explosion venting devices The liquid chambers communicate with the confluence pipe 16 through the explosion venting pipe 13, and the confluence pipe 16 extends through the battery module body to the outside of the battery module body. The confluence pipe 16 includes a confluence main pipe and a confluence branch pipe 161. Each detonation pipe 13 communicates with a confluence branch pipe 161. The confluence branch pipe 161 passes through the battery module body and communicates with the confluence pipe arranged outside the battery module body. The confluence branch pipe 161 communicates with the detonation pipe 13 through a butt joint 162 . The battery module with explosion relief device also includes a gas treatment device 17 communicated with the manifold. The gas treatment device 17 includes an upper adsorption chamber and a lower cooling chamber, the upper adsorption chamber and the lower cooling chamber are separated by a partition 173, the partition 173 is a breathable plate, and the confluence main pipe communicates with the lower cooling chamber. A gas adsorption piece is arranged in the upper adsorption chamber, and a cooling liquid 174 is arranged in the lower cooling chamber; an exhaust pipe 76 is connected to the top of the upper adsorption chamber.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, the battery with explosion venting device provided in this embodiment includes an explosion venting tube 13, a battery body 15, and a cover plate 11 arranged above the battery body 15, and a venting device is arranged on the cover plate 11. Explosion opening 18, on the cover plate 11 and the position corresponding to the top of explosion venting opening 18, an explosion venting pipe 13 is integrally stamped and formed, and an explosion venting membrane 19 is arranged radially at the bottom of the explosion venting opening 18, and the explosion venting membrane 19 and Explosion venting pipe 13 is arranged up and down oppositely along cover plate 11, and explosion venting pipe 13 communicates with the electrolyte chamber of battery body 15 through explosion venting film 19; Explosion vents 18 are arranged side by side; on the cover plate 11, on both sides of the explosion vent tube 13 are the positive pole 12 and the negative pole 14 of the battery body 15, respectively. Preferably, an external thread 132 is provided on the outside of the top of the detonation pipe 13 , and the detachable connection between the detonation pipe 13 and other pipes can be facilitated through the external thread 132 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , a connection plate 133 is provided on the top outside of the detonation pipe 13 , and the connection plate 133 can facilitate the welding of the detonation pipe 13 and other pipes. Preferably, the explosion-venting membrane 19 has a disc-shaped structure, and a boss is arranged on the edge of the explosion-venting membrane 19 , and the explosion-venting membrane 19 is welded and fixed by the side wall of the explosion-venting opening 18 of the boss.

Example 2

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, the battery with explosion venting device provided in this embodiment includes an explosion venting tube 13, a battery body 15, and a cover plate 11 arranged above the battery body 15, and a venting device is arranged on the cover plate 11. The explosion vent 18 is provided with an outwardly protruding connection plate 133 at the bottom of the explosion vent 13, and the explosion vent 13 is connected to the cover plate 11 in a split form through the connection plate 133, and a boss 131 is arranged in the explosion vent 18 , the explosion venting film 19 is welded with the cover plate 11 through the boss 131, and the explosion venting film 19 is arranged radially along the explosion venting port 18, and the explosion venting tube 13 communicates with the electrolyte chamber of the battery body 15 through the explosion venting film 19; The cover plate 11 is provided with a liquid injection hole 110, and the liquid injection hole 110 is arranged side by side with the explosion vent 18; on the cover plate 11, the positive pole 12 and the negative pole 14 of the battery body 15 are located on both sides of the explosion vent 13. Preferably, the explosion venting tube 13 is welded to the cover plate 11 through the connection plate 133 , and the explosion venting tube 13 is arranged above the corresponding position of the explosion venting port 18 .

As shown in Figure 5, in this embodiment, a boss 131 is provided in the lumen of the explosion venting tube 13, and the explosion venting membrane 19 is fixedly connected with the explosion venting tube 13 through the boss 131, and the explosion venting membrane 19 is arranged on the explosion venting tube 13. top, middle or bottom. Further preferably, the explosion-venting membrane 19 is arranged on the top of the explosion-venting pipe 13 , and the explosion-venting membrane 19 is welded to the boss 131 . In addition to welding, the explosion-venting membrane 19 and the boss 131 can also be glued together, or other fixed connection methods that can be realized.

Example 3

As shown in Figure 7, the battery module with an explosion venting device provided in this embodiment includes a battery module body, and the battery module body includes five groups of batteries with an explosion venting device in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 , 5 groups of batteries with explosion venting devices are arranged side by side, the number of confluence branch pipes 161 is the same as the number of explosion venting pipes 13, and the cover plate 11 of the battery body 15 on each battery with explosion venting devices is provided with a confluence pipe 16. One end of the manifold 16 communicates with the electrolyte cavity of the battery body 15 through the explosion vent 13, and the other end of the manifold 16 extends through the battery module body to the outside of the battery module body.

Example 4

As shown in Figure 6, the battery module with explosion venting device provided in this embodiment is on the basis of Embodiment 3, the confluence pipe 16 includes a confluence main pipe and a confluence branch pipe 161, each battery with an explosion venting device The detonation pipe 13 communicates with a confluence branch pipe 161 correspondingly, and the confluence branch pipe 161 passes through the battery module body and communicates with a confluence main pipe arranged outside the battery module body. The explosion venting tube 13 can meet the convenience of arrangement of the confluence branch pipe 161 when there are multiple battery bodies 15 in the battery module body; the confluence main pipe can facilitate the unified collection of combustible gas mixture. Preferably, an external thread or connecting plate 133 is provided on the top of the detonation pipe 13, and the detonation pipe 13 can be threadedly connected with the confluence branch pipe 161 through the external thread; or the detonation pipe 13 can be welded with the confluence branch pipe 161 through the connection plate 133.

Example 5

In the battery module with an explosion relief device provided in this embodiment, on the basis of Embodiment 4, the confluence branch pipe 161 communicates with the explosion relief pipe 13 through a butt joint 162; specifically, the butt joint 162 is connected to the confluence branch pipe 161, The bottom end of the joint 162 is provided with an internal thread, and the butt joint 162 is threadedly connected with the detonation pipe 13 . Preferably, the connection mode between the butt joint 162 and the detonation pipe 13 in this embodiment may be other detachable or non-detachable connection modes. In this embodiment, a sealing ring is provided at the joint between the butt joint 162 and the detonation pipe 13 .

Example 6

As shown in Figure 8, on the basis of Embodiment 5, the battery module with explosion venting device provided in this embodiment also includes a gas processing device, one end of the confluence main pipe communicates with the gas processing device 17; the other end of the confluence main pipe An end seal 163 seals. The combustible gas mixture can be centrally collected and treated uniformly by the gas processing device 17 . Preferably, the sealing member 163 may be a blocking cap or a sealing sheet, and the blocking cap or sealing sheet is welded to the manifold. Preferably, both ends of the manifold in this embodiment can be connected to the gas treatment device 17 .

Example 7

As shown in Figure 9, the battery module with explosion venting device provided in this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 6. The gas processing device 17 is a box structure, and the gas processing device 17 is provided with an upper layer of adsorption chamber and the lower cooling chamber, a partition 173 is arranged between the upper adsorption chamber and the lower cooling chamber, and the upper adsorption chamber and the lower cooling chamber are separated by the partition 173. The partition 173 is a gas-permeable plate. A gas adsorption piece is provided, and a cooling liquid 174 is provided in the lower cooling chamber. Preferably, the cooling liquid 174 in this embodiment may be cooling water or cooling oil.

Preferably, in this embodiment, a vent pipe 176 is provided on the wall of the lower cooling chamber, the confluence main pipe communicates with the vent pipe 176, and the vent pipe 176 extends to 20 cm below the liquid level of the cooling liquid 174; Fast cooling, the adsorption effect of the cooled combustible mixture is better. Preferably, the separator 173 is a porous plate made of stainless steel or plastic. Preferably, a waterproof and gas-permeable membrane is arranged above the separator 173 in this embodiment.

Example 8

The battery module with explosion venting device provided in this embodiment is based on Embodiment 7, and its gas adsorbent includes a filter cotton 172 and an adsorption layer 171, and the filter cotton 172 and the adsorption layer 171 are sequentially arranged on the waterproof above the breathable membrane. Preferably, the material of the adsorption layer 171 may be one or more of activated carbon, molecular sieve, adsorption resin, and graphite, to adsorb the cooled combustible gas mixture.

In addition, the above-mentioned gas treatment device 17 also includes an exhaust pipe 175, which is arranged on the top of the upper adsorption chamber and communicates with the upper adsorption chamber;

The use process of the battery module with explosion venting device in this embodiment is as follows: when one or several battery bodies 15 in the box structure have thermal runaway and the electrolyte reacts to generate flammable mixed gas, the flammable mixed gas can pass through Explosion venting pipe 13, confluence branch pipe 161, confluence main pipe and ventilation pipe 176 are collectively collected in the lower cooling chamber of the gas treatment device 17, and the temperature is lowered through the cooling liquid in the lower cooling chamber, and the cooled flammable mixed gas is precipitated from the cooling liquid , pass through the partition 173 and the waterproof breathable membrane to filter out particle molecules on the filter cotton 172, enter the adsorption layer 171 to absorb the combustible gas components in the combustible gas mixture, and the combustible gas mixed gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 175.

The number of battery bodies 15 in the present application can be specifically set according to the battery capacity requirements of the work object, and can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or even more. The arrangement of each battery body 15 is an existing conventional arrangement; the distance between the protrusion 31 and the outlet of the detonation pipe 13 can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm and 5mm, as long as it is not greater than 5mm The vent pipe 176 can be extended to not less than 20cm below the liquid level of the cooling liquid 174, which can be 20cm, 25cm, 30cm, etc.

Example 9

As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, the battery box with explosion venting channel provided by this embodiment includes a battery cavity 21, an adsorption cavity 23 and a gas collection pipeline 29, and a battery module is arranged in the battery cavity 21, and the battery module It includes a plurality of batteries with explosion relief devices, and the electrolyte chamber of the battery module communicates with the adsorption chamber 23 through the gas collection pipeline 29 . The battery box with the explosion venting channel in this embodiment has a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

As shown in Figure 12, the battery module of this embodiment includes 12 groups of batteries 28, which can be the batteries in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, and the 12 groups of batteries 28 are divided into two rows, and each row has 6 groups of batteries 28 , the batteries 28 in each row are stacked side by side, the batteries 28 in two rows are arranged oppositely, each battery 28 is provided with an explosion vent, and the gas collection pipeline 29 communicates with the explosion vent on each battery 28 . The explosion vent can be set integrally with the battery 28, or can be set separately from the battery 28.

The number of batteries 28 in this embodiment can be 1 group, 2 groups, 3 groups, 4 groups, 5 groups, 6 groups, 7 groups, 8 groups, or even more groups, and its specific number is matched according to the battery capacity requirements .

As shown in Figures 16 and 17, the gas collection pipeline 29 of this embodiment includes a branch pipe 291 and a standpipe 292, each battery 28 corresponds to a branch pipe 291, and the branch pipe 291 corresponds to the position of the explosion vent on the corresponding battery 28 One end of the branch pipe 291 communicates with the electrolyte chamber of the battery 28 through the explosion vent, the other end of the branch pipe 291 communicates with the standpipe 292 , and the standpipe 292 communicates with the adsorption chamber 23 . There are two standpipes 292 in this embodiment, and the 6 sets of batteries 28 in each row share one standpipe 292 .

As shown in FIG. 14, the battery cavity 21 of this embodiment includes an inner cavity 211 and an outer cavity 212 arranged outside the inner cavity. The outer cavity 212 is arranged outside the side of the inner cavity 211, excluding the bottom outside and the top outside. The battery The module is placed in the inner cavity 211 , and the outer cavity 212 is filled with heat-conducting material. The heat conduction material in this embodiment may be one or a combination of two or more of heat conduction oil, rosin, heat conduction silica gel and graphite.

As shown in Figure 14, in this embodiment, a heat dissipation fin 213 is provided in the battery cavity, one end of the heat dissipation fin 213 is placed in the inner cavity 211, and the other end of the heat dissipation fin 213 is placed in the outer cavity, through which the heat dissipation fin 213 The heat generated by the battery in the inner cavity is conducted to the outer cavity 212, and then the heat is conducted to the wall of the outer cavity through the heat-conducting material in the outer cavity 212, and the heat is dissipated through the convection between the wall of the outer cavity and the air.

In this embodiment, the battery box with an explosion venting channel is provided with an electrical cavity 22 between the battery cavity 21 and the adsorption cavity 23, and the standpipe 292 runs through the electrical cavity 22 and communicates with the adsorption cavity 23; Ventilation holes 221 are all arranged on each side wall, and the heat generated by the electric wires or electrical control elements in the electrical cavity 22 is dissipated through the ventilation holes 221 . The battery cavity 21 , the electrical cavity 22 and the adsorption cavity 23 in this embodiment are arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

In this embodiment, a solid adsorption material is arranged in the adsorption cavity 23 . The solid adsorption material is one or a combination of two or more of activated carbon, graphite, adsorption resin, silicon dioxide, porous glass, magnesium oxide, etc.

As shown in Figures 18 and 19, a lower partition 26 is provided between the battery chamber 21 and the electrical chamber 22 of this embodiment, an upper partition 25 is provided between the electrical chamber 22 and the adsorption chamber 23, and the lower partition 26 and Two via holes 262 are provided on the upper partition 25, and each via hole 262 corresponds to a standpipe 292. The adsorption cavity 23 is connected, and the upper partition 25 extends to the cavity wall of the electrical cavity 22 and is closely connected with the cavity wall of the electrical cavity 22 .

In this embodiment, an elastic gasket is provided at the connection between the through hole of the upper partition 25 and the standpipe 292 , and an elastic gasket is provided at the connection between the through hole of the lower partition 26 and the standpipe 292 . The elastic sealing gasket is an elastic rubber or plastic gasket or other mechanical components capable of sealing.

In this embodiment, a downwardly extending annular boss 261 is provided at the bottom of the lower partition 26, and the top opening of the inner cavity 211, the annular boss 1 is clamped at the top opening of the inner cavity 1 and extends to the bottom of the top opening to close the inner cavity. 211 is sealed; the edge of the lower partition 26 extends to the cavity wall of the outer cavity 212 and closely fits with the cavity wall of the outer cavity 212 to seal the outer cavity 212 .

As shown in Figure 13, in the present embodiment, a vent pipe 242 is provided in the adsorption chamber 23, and there are two vent pipes 242, and the two vent pipes 242 are arranged side by side and arranged along the height direction in the adsorption chamber 23. The bottom of the bottom is connected with the upper surface of the upper partition 25, the top of the vent pipe 242 extends to the top of the adsorption chamber 23, and the vertical pipe 292 runs through the upper partition 25 and is placed in the lumen of the vent pipe 242. Each vertical pipe 292 corresponds to a Root standpipe 292 is provided with ventilating mesh on ventilating pipe 242, and standpipe 292 extends in the lumen of ventilating pipe 242 and is communicated with adsorption chamber 23 by ventilating mesh; 242, and pass through the ventilation mesh on the ventilation pipe 242 to disperse in the solid adsorption material to adsorb the combustible gas components in the combustible gas mixture.

The top opening of the adsorption chamber 23 in this embodiment is provided with an adsorption chamber upper cover 24 at the top opening of the adsorption chamber 23 , and an exhaust pipe 241 communicating with the adsorption chamber 23 is arranged on the adsorption chamber upper cover 24 .

As shown in Figures 15 and 17, a battery holder 27 is provided in the inner cavity 211 of this embodiment, and 12 battery storage compartments are arranged on the battery support 27, and the 12 battery storage compartments are divided into two rows, and the batteries are placed in two rows. The compartments are separated by partitions, and one battery is placed in each battery compartment. It should be noted that the number of battery storage compartments on the battery holder 27 is in one-to-one correspondence with the number of batteries.

The battery storage compartment in this embodiment can be movable, such as a drawer-type pull-out activity room; it can also be defined as a fixed square grid. The battery box with the explosion venting channel of the present embodiment can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or even more, arranged side by side with each other, each battery box with the explosion venting channel The adsorption chamber 23 on the box communicates with the collection pipe through the exhaust pipe 241 .

The collecting pipe in this embodiment communicates with the gas collection device, which may be a collection tank, a collection box or other gas-enclosed containers.

The battery box with explosion venting passage of the present application, when thermal runaway occurs in one of the batteries, the flammable substances and combustion-supporting substances in the gas accumulated in the battery are limited to the gas collection pipe 29, and are collected through the gas collection pipe 29 to The adsorption chamber can prevent the flame from directly contacting other batteries, avoiding the rapid diffusion of heat, effectively slowing down the intensity of thermal runaway, and avoiding the chain reaction of other battery units being ignited. Adsorption treatment can be safely discharged after removing combustible components, which is in line with the concept of environmental protection.

Claims

A battery with an explosion venting device, characterized in that it includes a cover plate and an explosion venting tube, the cover plate is provided with an explosion venting port, the explosion venting tube communicates with the explosion venting port, and the inner edge of the explosion venting port An explosion-venting membrane is arranged in the radial direction, or, an explosion-venting membrane is arranged in the radial direction in the explosion-venting pipe.
The battery with an explosion-venting device according to claim 1, wherein a boss is arranged in the explosion-venting tube, and the explosion-venting tube is fixedly connected to the explosion-venting membrane through the boss; or, the explosion-venting tube A boss is arranged on the membrane, and the explosion venting membrane is fixedly connected with the explosion vent through the boss.
The battery with an explosion venting device according to claim 2, wherein the cover plate is integrally connected with the explosion venting tube; or, the bottom of the explosion venting tube is provided with an outwardly protruding connection plate, The explosion-venting pipe is connected to the cover plate in split form through the connection plate.
The battery with explosion venting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the top of the explosion venting tube is provided with an outwardly protruding connecting plate.
A battery module with an explosion venting device, characterized in that it includes a battery module body, the battery module body includes a manifold and a plurality of explosion venting devices with an explosion venting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 The electrolyte chambers of multiple batteries with explosion-venting devices communicate with the confluence pipe through the explosion-venting pipe, and the confluence pipe passes through the battery module body and extends to the outside of the battery module body.
The battery module with an explosion relief device according to claim 5, wherein the confluence pipe includes a confluence main pipe and a confluence branch pipe, each explosion venting pipe communicates with a confluence branch pipe, and the confluence branch pipe passes through The battery module body communicates with the bus manifold arranged outside the battery module body.
The battery module with an explosion venting device according to claim 6, wherein the confluence branch communicates with the explosion venting pipe through a butt joint.
The battery module with explosion venting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, the battery module with explosion venting device further comprises a gas treatment device communicated with the confluence main pipe.
The battery module with an explosion venting device according to claim 8, wherein the gas treatment device comprises an upper adsorption chamber and a lower cooling chamber, the upper adsorption chamber and the lower cooling chamber are separated by a partition, so The partition is a breathable plate, and the confluence main pipe communicates with the cooling chamber of the lower layer.
The battery module with an explosion venting device according to claim 9, wherein a gas adsorbent is arranged in the upper layer of the adsorption chamber, and a cooling liquid is arranged in the lower layer of the cooling chamber; the upper layer of the adsorption chamber and the The exhaust pipe is connected.
A battery box with an explosion venting channel, characterized in that it includes a battery chamber, an adsorption chamber and a gas collection pipeline, the battery chamber is provided with a battery module, and the battery module is connected to the adsorption chamber through the gas collection pipeline. Connected, the battery module includes a plurality of batteries with an explosion-proof device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
The battery box with explosion venting passages according to claim 11, characterized in that a plurality of batteries with explosion venting devices are arranged side by side, and the gas collection pipeline communicates with the explosion venting ports on the batteries.
The battery box with an explosion venting channel according to claim 12, wherein the gas collection pipeline includes a branch pipe and a standpipe, each battery corresponds to a branch pipe, and the standpipe connects with the explosion vent on the battery through the branch pipe. The mouth is connected, and the standpipe is connected with the adsorption chamber.
The battery box with an explosion venting passage according to claim 13, wherein the battery chamber includes an inner chamber and an outer chamber arranged outside the inner chamber, the battery module is placed in the inner chamber, and the outer chamber The cavity is filled with heat conduction material, and the heat conduction material is one or more of heat conduction oil, rosin, heat conduction silica gel and graphite.
The battery box with an explosion venting channel according to claim 14, wherein a heat dissipation fin is arranged in the battery cavity, one end of the heat dissipation fin is placed in the inner cavity, and the other end of the heat dissipation fin is placed in the inner cavity. One end is placed in the outer cavity.
The battery box with an explosion-venting passage according to claim 15, further comprising an electrical cavity arranged between the battery cavity and the adsorption cavity, and the standpipe passes through the electrical cavity and communicates with the adsorption cavity.
The battery box with an explosion venting channel according to claim 16, wherein a solid adsorption material is arranged in the adsorption cavity, and the solid adsorption material is activated carbon, graphite, adsorption resin, silicon dioxide, porous glass, One or more of magnesium oxide.
The battery box with an explosion venting channel according to claim 17, wherein a lower partition is provided between the battery chamber and the electrical chamber, and an upper partition is provided between the electrical chamber and the adsorption chamber, so that Both the lower partition and the upper partition are provided with via holes, and the riser runs through the via holes on the lower partition and the via holes on the upper partition in turn to communicate with the adsorption chamber. Sealing gaskets are provided at the junction of the standpipe and the junction of the through hole of the upper partition and the standpipe.
The battery box with an explosion-venting passage according to claim 18, wherein the bottom of the lower partition is provided with an annular boss extending downward, the top of the inner cavity is open, and the annular boss engages The top opening of the inner cavity seals the inner cavity, and the edge of the lower partition extends to the cavity wall of the outer cavity and seals the outer cavity.
The battery box with an explosion venting channel according to claim 19, wherein a ventilation pipe is arranged in the adsorption chamber, the ventilation pipe runs through the adsorption chamber, and a ventilation mesh is arranged on the ventilation pipe, and the The standpipe extends into the lumen of the ventilation pipe and communicates with the adsorption cavity through the ventilation mesh.
The battery box with an explosion venting channel according to claim 20, wherein the top of the adsorption chamber is open, and the top opening of the adsorption chamber is provided with an upper cover of the adsorption chamber, and the upper cover of the adsorption chamber is An exhaust pipe communicating with the adsorption chamber is arranged on the board.
The battery box with an explosion-venting passage according to claim 21, wherein ventilation holes are provided on the cavity wall of the electrical cavity.
The battery box with an explosion venting channel according to claim 22, wherein a battery holder is arranged in the inner cavity, and a plurality of battery storage bins are arranged side by side on the battery holder, and each battery storage bin corresponds to Place a battery.
The battery box with explosion venting channels according to claim 23, wherein a plurality of battery boxes with explosion venting channels are arranged side by side, and the adsorption chambers on the battery boxes with explosion venting channels all pass through exhaust pipes connected to the collection pipe.
The battery box with an explosion venting passage according to claim 24, wherein the collecting pipe communicates with the gas collecting device.