WO2023036248A1

WO2023036248A1 - Battery tank for large-scale energy storage system, and explosion venting method

Info

Publication number: WO2023036248A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/117837
Authority: WO
Inventors: 雷政军; 郭鸿香
Original assignee: 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司
Priority date: 2021-09-10
Filing date: 2022-09-08
Publication date: 2023-03-16

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a battery tank for a large-scale energy storage system and an explosion venting method. The battery tank for a large-scale energy storage system comprises a lithium battery module, a housing, a partition plate, and a positioning plate, wherein the partition plate and the positioning plate are arranged inside the housing and divide the housing into an electric cavity and a cooling cavity, the lithium battery module is arranged in the cooling cavity, and the cooling cavity is internally provided with a cooling fire-fighting liquid; or the partition plate and the positioning plate are arranged inside the housing and divide the housing into an electric cavity, a cooling cavity and a fire-fighting cavity, the lithium battery module is arranged in the cooling cavity, and the fire-fighting cavity is internally provided with a cooling fire-fighting liquid. When thermal runaway occurs, the cooling fire-fighting liquid enters the lithium battery module by means of the static pressure, such that the effects of cooling, pressure relief, and stopping thermal runaway and thermal runaway spreading are achieved through passive means.

Description

A battery tank for a large energy storage system and an explosion venting method

technical field

The application belongs to the field of batteries, and in particular relates to a battery tank for a large-scale energy storage system and an explosion venting method.

Background technique

In recent years, lithium battery technology has developed rapidly and has been used in more and more fields. However, due to the principle and structural characteristics of lithium batteries, a large amount of heat is often generated due to internal resistance heating during repeated use, and the heat will gradually increase, and the temperature will rise further, and the electrolyte and solvent in the battery will decompose, burn, and explode.

The traditional heat dissipation system mainly adopts three methods of forced ventilation, water cooling and natural convection heat dissipation, but the above methods all have certain application defects. For example, forced ventilation and water cooling require fans, pumps, pipelines, and other accessories to make the system large and complex. At the same time, this method also consumes battery energy and reduces the actual power density and energy density of the battery. In addition, air cooling will affect the sealing of the lithium battery module package, the cost of water cooling is too high, and water and water vapor are likely to cause short circuits, so insulation and sealing treatment is required. Natural convection heat dissipation is air cooling with maximum efficiency by optimizing the structure of the battery pack, and the heat dissipation effect is very limited in the case of poor air convection.

CN207052730U, CN103985921A, and CN202550023U all utilize the water bath principle to dissipate heat, but neither are provided with an explosion venting device nor are they provided with a reinforced sealing structure. Among them, in the disclosed technical solution of CN103985921A, when the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, the pressurizer pressurizes the system to rupture the cooling pipe, and the cooling liquid in the cooling pipe splashes onto the battery, and an active method is adopted to prevent the thermal instability of the battery. Both CN110911779A and CN108198982A use the principle of air cooling to dissipate heat, but neither of them is equipped with an explosion venting device, so they cannot be stopped and controlled in time when the battery thermal runaway occurs. Both CN105633509A and CN106935937A use heat pipes to dissipate heat, and the condensing section of the heat pipes extends into the cooling liquid, but neither of them is equipped with an explosion venting device, which cannot prevent and control the thermal runaway of the battery in time.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this application is to solve the above-mentioned problems or defects, provide a battery tank for a large-scale energy storage system and an explosion venting method, and achieve better heat dissipation and fire-fighting effects of the battery module.

A battery tank for a large energy storage system, comprising a lithium battery module, a casing, a separator and a positioning plate; the separator and the positioning plate are arranged in the casing to separate the inner cavity of the casing into an electrical cavity and a cooling cavity ; The lithium battery module is arranged in the cooling chamber, and the cooling chamber is provided with a cooling fire fighting liquid; or, the partition plate and the positioning plate are arranged in the housing, and the inner chamber of the housing is divided into an electrical chamber, a cooling chamber and a fire fighting fluid. cavity; the lithium battery module is set in the cooling cavity, and the fire-fighting cavity is provided with a cooling fire-fighting fluid.

Further, a plurality of through holes are provided on the separator, and the through holes are used to place the lithium battery module, and the lithium battery module includes a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and at least one battery cell. The cross-sectional area of the upper cover of the lithium battery module is larger than the cross-sectional area of the through hole on the separator, so that the lithium battery module is sealed and suspended on the separator under its own gravity.

Further, a wedge-shaped sealing connector is provided at the connection between the separator and the lithium battery module, and the wedge-shaped sealing connector is a ring with an upper radius greater than a lower radius, and a right-angled trapezoidal section.

Further, a positioning device is provided at the position where the positioning plate is connected to the lithium battery module.

Further, the through hole is a round hole, and the lithium battery module is a cylindrical battery module, or, the through hole is a square hole, and the lithium battery module is a square battery module.

Further, the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery module are connected to the electrical cavity above the separator through wires; a control unit is provided in the electrical cavity, and the control unit includes a battery management system, a bus bar, an energy storage converter one or more of them.

Further, the housing is set to be grounded.

Further, a first explosion venting unit is provided on each of the battery cells, a second explosion venting unit is provided on the lower cover of the lithium battery module, and a venting unit is formed between the positioning plate and the second explosion venting unit. Explosion channel, when thermal runaway occurs inside the lithium battery module, the first explosion venting unit and the second explosion venting unit rupture, so that the cooling fire fighting fluid enters the lithium battery module and the explosion venting channel through the explosion venting channel by virtue of static pressure In the cell, the cooling fire fighting fluid absorbs heat, or the cooling fire fighting fluid absorbs heat and reacts with the electrolyte.

Further, the cooling fire fighting fluid is water.

Further, the cooling chamber is connected to the cooling and fire-fighting fluid circulation device through the outlet pipe and the return pipe, the cooling and fire-fighting fluid circulation device is an industrial chiller, and the outlet pipe is provided with a purification and filtering device.

At the same time, the present application also provides an explosion venting method using the above-mentioned battery tank for a large energy storage system, each battery cell in the lithium battery module is provided with a first explosion venting unit, and the lithium battery There is a second explosion venting unit on the lower cover of the module; when the thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the first explosion venting unit on the runaway cell is activated, and the substances generated by the thermal runaway are buffered in the lithium battery module. When the pressure in the lithium battery module continues to rise and reaches the pressure threshold, the second explosion venting unit at the lower cover of the lithium battery module is activated to open the explosion venting channel, so that the cooling firefighting fluid passes through the explosion venting unit relying on static pressure. The channel enters the lithium battery module and the cell where thermal runaway occurs.

Further, it also includes a high-level liquid tank, the fire-fighting chamber communicates with the high-level liquid tank, the high-level liquid tank is filled with cooling fire-fighting fluid, the electrical cavity is above the partition, and the partition is connected to the positioning Between the plates is a cooling cavity, and below the positioning plate is a fire-fighting cavity.

Further, the lithium battery module includes a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and at least one battery cell; an explosion-venting component is provided at the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module, and the explosion-venting component and the positioning plate An explosion venting passage is arranged between them; the cross-sectional area of the lower cover of the lithium battery module is larger than that of the explosion venting passage, so that the lithium battery module is sealed on the positioning plate under its own gravity.

Further, an end face seal is provided in the horizontal direction at the connection between the lithium battery module and the explosion venting channel, and a radial sealing ring is provided in the vertical direction at the connection between the lithium battery module and the explosion venting channel .

Further, the separator is arranged on the upper part of the housing, and the separator is provided with a plurality of installation holes corresponding to the positions of the lithium battery module, and a positioning device is provided at the installation holes.

Furthermore, an air cooling device is provided on the top of the housing, and the air cooling device communicates with the electrical cavity and the cooling cavity through the ventilation holes provided on the separator, and the air cooling device is an industrial air conditioner.

Further, the lithium battery module is a cylindrical battery module or a square battery module, and the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery module are connected to the electrical cavity above the separator through wires; the electrical cavity is provided with a control unit, and the control unit is one or more of the battery management system, busbar, and energy storage converter.

Further, there is a pressure relief valve at the bottom of the fire-fighting chamber and/or the top of the high-level liquid tank, and the fire-fighting chamber communicates with the high-level liquid tank through a liquid inlet pipe, and an inspection valve is provided on the liquid inlet pipe.

Further, each battery cell in the lithium battery module is also provided with a first explosion-venting unit; when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, the first explosion-venting unit on the battery cell is activated, and the thermal runaway The substance is ejected from the cell and buffered in the lithium battery module. When the pressure in the lithium battery module reaches the threshold, the explosion venting component at the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module is activated to open the explosion venting channel. Under the action of the liquid level difference of the high-level liquid tank, the cooling fire-fighting fluid enters the lithium battery module through the explosion-venting channel, and the cooling fire-fighting fluid is used to absorb heat, or the cooling fire-fighting fluid is used to absorb heat , and react with the electrolyte, thereby terminating thermal runaway.

Further, the lithium battery module includes a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and at least one battery cell, an electrical cavity is above the partition, a cooling cavity is between the positioning plate and the partition, and the positioning Below the board is the fire chamber.

Further, the fire chamber is located at the lower part of the housing, and the fire chamber communicates with a high-level liquid tank through a liquid inlet pipe. The high-level liquid tank is arranged in the electrical chamber, and both the high-level liquid tank and the fire-fighting chamber are provided There is cooling firefighting fluid.

Further, the lithium battery module includes a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and at least one battery cell, an electrical cavity is located below the positioning plate, and a cooling cavity is formed between the positioning plate and the separator, and the separator Above the plate is a fire-fighting cavity, the fire-fighting cavity is located on the upper part of the shell, and cooling fire-fighting liquid is arranged in the fire-fighting cavity.

Further, there are multiple heat pipes in the cooling chamber, the heat pipes are located in the lithium battery module, and are close to the shell of the battery cell, and one end of the heat pipes extends into the fire chamber or the high-level liquid tank.

Further, there is a pressure relief valve at the bottom of the fire chamber, and an inspection valve is provided on the liquid inlet pipe connected to the fire chamber.

Further, an explosion venting part is provided at the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module, an explosion venting channel is provided between the positioning plate and the explosion venting part, and the cross-sectional area of the lower cover of the lithium battery module is larger than the The cross-sectional area of the explosion venting passage makes the lithium battery module sealed on the positioning plate under its own gravity.

Further, a positioning device is provided at the position where the separator is connected to the lithium battery module.

Further, an explosion venting part is arranged in the center of the upper cover of the lithium battery module, an explosion venting channel is provided between the separator and the explosion venting part, and the cross-sectional area of the upper cover of the lithium battery module is larger than the The cross-sectional area of the explosion-venting passage enables the lithium battery module to be sealed on the separator under its own gravity.

Further, the connection between the lithium battery module and the explosion venting channel is provided with an end face seal in the horizontal direction, and the connection between the lithium battery module and the explosion venting channel is provided with a radial sealing ring in the vertical direction .

Further, each battery cell in the lithium battery module is also provided with a first explosion-venting unit; when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, the first explosion-venting unit on the battery cell is activated, and the thermal runaway The substance is ejected from the cell and buffered in the lithium battery module. When the pressure in the lithium battery module reaches the threshold, the explosion venting component at the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module is activated to open the explosion venting channel. The cooling and firefighting fluid enters the lithium battery module through the explosion vent channel under the action of the liquid level difference, and the cooling and firefighting fluid enters the lithium battery module to absorb heat generated by thermal runaway.

Further, the fire-fighting cavity is filled with cooling fire-fighting fluid that can be used as a heat pipe phase-change material, or both the fire-fighting cavity and the high-level liquid tank are filled with cooling fire-fighting fluid that can be used as a heat pipe phase-change material.

Further, the cooling fire fighting fluid is perfluorohexanone.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

1. In the battery tank used in the large-scale energy storage system provided by this application, the lithium battery module can be immersed in the cooling fire fighting fluid for liquid cooling and heat dissipation, so as to timely export the heat generated by the lithium battery module.

2. In the battery tank used for large-scale energy storage systems provided by this application, the lithium battery module is sealed under its own gravity; a wedge-shaped sealing connector is provided at the connection between the separator and the lithium battery module, and the structure of the sealing member is more For the best, the sealing effect is strengthened. At the same time, there are end face seals and radial seal rings at the connection between the lithium battery module and the explosion venting channel, which further strengthens the sealing effect.

3. In the battery tank used in the large-scale energy storage system provided by this application, an explosion-venting channel is provided at the contact between the positioning plate and the second explosion-venting unit. The cross-sectional area of the explosion-venting channel is relatively large. The explosion-venting gas can be discharged smoothly, and the cooling fire-fighting fluid can also enter the lithium battery module.

4. In the battery tank used for large-scale energy storage systems provided by this application, there is cooling fire-fighting fluid in the fire-fighting cavity. When thermal runaway occurs, the explosion-venting component will rupture, so that the cooling-fire-fighting fluid enters the lithium battery module through the explosion-venting channel. In the group; without a circulation system, the static pressure of the cooling firefighting fluid can still be passively used to allow the cooling firefighting fluid to enter the lithium battery module through the explosion venting channel, thereby achieving cooling, pressure relief and The effect of terminating thermal runaway and the spread of thermal runaway eliminates the risk of thermal runaway of lithium battery modules.

5. In the battery tank used for large-scale energy storage systems provided by this application, each cell in the lithium battery module is provided with a first explosion venting unit, and the lower cover of the lithium battery module is provided with a second explosion venting unit. unit; when the thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the first explosion-venting unit on the battery cell starts, and the material generated by the thermal runaway is buffered in the lithium battery module to effectively prevent the impact of pressure on the battery module and the battery tank; when the lithium battery When the pressure in the battery module continues to rise and reaches the pressure threshold, the second explosion-venting unit at the lower cover of the lithium battery module is activated to open the explosion-venting channel, so that the cooling and fire-fighting fluid enters the lithium battery module and the In a cell where thermal runaway occurs. The above-mentioned secondary explosion venting method can effectively improve the overall safety protection performance, and can control the thermal runaway at the first time, avoiding the spread of thermal runaway and causing greater damage to adjacent battery modules or battery cans.

6. In the battery tank used in the large-scale energy storage system provided by this application, the air cooling device and the ventilation holes on the separator are used to air-cool and dissipate the lithium battery module to dissipate the heat generated by the lithium battery module in time.

7. In the battery tank for the large-scale energy storage system provided by the application, an explosion venting channel is provided between the positioning plate and the explosion-venting component. The cross-sectional area of the explosion-venting channel is relatively large. While the gas is discharged smoothly, the cooling firefighting fluid can also be poured into the lithium battery module.

8. In the battery tank used in the large-scale energy storage system provided by this application, there is cooling fire-fighting fluid in the fire-fighting cavity and the high-level liquid tank. Under the action of the potential difference, it enters the lithium battery module through the explosion vent channel, and achieves the effects of cooling, pressure relief, termination of thermal runaway and thermal runaway spread through passive means, and eliminates the risk of thermal runaway of the lithium battery module. This application adopts The passive method can save more energy and the structure is simpler.

9. The battery tank used in the large-scale energy storage system provided by this application has multiple heat pipes in the cooling chamber. The heat pipes are located in the lithium battery module and are close to the shell of the battery cell. The heat pipe timely dissipates the heat generated by the lithium battery module.

10. In the battery tank used in the large-scale energy storage system provided by this application, one end of the heat pipe is connected to the fire chamber, and the cooling fire fluid is the phase change material of the heat pipe.

Other advantages, objectives and features of the present application will partly be embodied through the following descriptions, and partly will be understood by those skilled in the art through the study and practice of the present application.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery tank used in a large-scale energy storage system in Example 1 of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of installation of a separator and a lithium battery module in Example 1 of the present application;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery tank used in a large-scale energy storage system in Example 3 of the present application;

Fig. 4 is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the seal of the battery can in Example 2 of the present application;

Fig. 5 is the second schematic diagram of the local structure of the sealing part of the battery can in Example 2 of the present application;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the explosion vent of the battery can in Example 2 of the present application;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery module in Example 2 of the present application;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery tank used in a large-scale energy storage system in Embodiment 4 of the present application;

Fig. 9 is a top view of a battery tank used in a large-scale energy storage system in Embodiment 4 of the present application;

Fig. 10 is a top sectional view of a battery tank used in a large-scale energy storage system in Embodiment 4 of the present application;

Figure 11 is a partially enlarged view of the explosion venting part and the sealing part in Example 4 of the present application;

Figure 12 is a top view of a single lithium battery module in Example 4 of the present application;

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery tank used in a large-scale energy storage system in Embodiment 5 of the present application;

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery tank used in a large-scale energy storage system in Embodiment 6 of the present application;

Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of the battery can provided in Embodiment 5 of the present application;

16 is a schematic diagram of a local structure of a lithium battery module in Example 5 of the present application;

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the explosion vent and the seal of the battery can in Example 5 of the present application;

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the explosion vent and the seal of the battery can in Example 6 of the present application;

Figure 19 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the battery can provided in Embodiment 7 of the present application;

Figure 20 is a schematic structural view of the battery can provided in Example 8 of the present application;

Fig. 21 is the second structural schematic diagram of the battery can provided in Embodiment 7 of the present application;

Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the lithium battery module of the battery can provided in Embodiment 7 of the present application;

Fig. 23 is one of the local structure schematic diagrams of the explosion vent and the seal of the battery can in Example 7 of the present application;

Fig. 24 is the second schematic diagram of the partial structure of the explosion vent and the sealing part of the battery can in Embodiment 8 of the present application.

Reference signs: 11-housing, 12-positioning plate, 13-second explosion venting unit, 14-lithium battery module, 15-explosion venting channel, 16-cooling fire fighting fluid, 17-partition plate, 18-wedge seal Connectors, 19-electric chamber, 110-cooling chamber, 111-return pipe, 112-purifying and filtering device, 113-outlet pipe, 114-positioning device, 115-cooling and fire-fighting fluid circulation device, 116-top cover, 117-outer shell , 118-cell, 119-bottom cover, 21-housing, 22-pressure relief valve, 23-partition, 24-positioning plate, 25-radial sealing ring, 26-end face seal, 27-explosion venting parts , 28-lithium battery module, 29-electric chamber, 210-cooling chamber, 211-fire chamber, 212-explosion venting channel, 213-high liquid tank, 214-inlet pipe, 215-service valve, 216-ventilation hole , 217-air cooling device, 31-housing, 32-positioning plate, 33-baffle, 34-radial sealing ring, 35-end face seal, 36-explosion venting parts, 37-lithium battery module, 38-electrical Cavity, 39-cooling chamber, 310-fire chamber, 311-heat pipe, 312-explosion vent passage, 313-high liquid tank, 314-inlet pipe, 315-inspection valve, 316-pressure relief valve. 41-housing, 42-positioning plate, 43-partition plate, 44-radial sealing ring, 45-end face seal, 46-explosion venting parts, 47-lithium battery module, 48-electric chamber, 49-cooling chamber , 410-fire chamber, 411-heat pipe, 412-explosion vent channel, 413-high liquid tank, 414-inlet pipe, 415-inspection valve, 416-pressure relief valve.

Detailed ways

The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it with reference to the description. It should be understood that terms such as "having", "comprising" and "including" as used herein do not entail the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

The application provides a battery tank for a large-scale energy storage system and an explosion venting method. The battery tank for a large-scale energy storage system includes a lithium battery module, a casing, a separator and a positioning plate, and the separator and the positioning plate are arranged In the casing, the casing is divided into an electrical cavity and a cooling cavity, and the lithium battery module is set in the cooling cavity, and the cooling cavity is provided with a cooling fire fighting fluid; or, a separator and a positioning plate are set in the casing, and the casing It is divided into electrical cavity, cooling cavity and fire fighting cavity; the lithium battery module is set in the cooling cavity, and the fire fighting cavity is equipped with cooling fire fighting liquid. The lithium battery module includes an upper cover, a casing, a battery cell and a lower cover. The battery cell is provided with a first explosion-venting unit, and the center of the lower cover is provided with a second explosion-venting unit or components. The positioning plate and the second explosion-venting unit 1. There is an explosion-venting channel between the explosion-venting components. When thermal runaway occurs inside the lithium battery module, the second explosion-venting unit or the explosion-venting component ruptures, so that the cooling fire-fighting fluid enters the lithium battery module by static pressure, and passes through the passive The means to achieve the effect of cooling, pressure relief and termination of thermal runaway and thermal runaway spread.

Example 1

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 7, the battery tank for large-scale energy storage system provided by this embodiment includes a housing 11, a separator 17, a positioning plate 12, and a lithium battery module 14, through which the separator 17 will The battery can is divided into a cooling chamber 110 and an electrical chamber 19. A plurality of through holes are provided on the separator 17 for placing the lithium battery module 14. The cross-sectional area of the lithium battery module upper cover 116 is larger than that of the through holes. , so that the lithium battery module 14 is sealed and suspended on the separator 17 under the action of its own gravity. The through holes on the separator 17 are round holes, and the lithium battery module is a cylindrical battery module, or, the through holes on the separator 17 are square holes, and the lithium battery module is a square battery module. The casing of the battery can is grounded to increase the safety of the device.

In this embodiment, there is a wedge-shaped sealing connector 18 at the connection between the separator 17 and the lithium battery module 14. The wedge-shaped sealing connector 18 is a ring whose upper radius is greater than the lower radius. Water and water vapor enter the electrical cavity 19 to cause risks such as short circuit, and at the same time prevent the cooling fire fighting fluid from entering the electrical cavity, achieving a good sealing effect. The above-mentioned positioning plate 12 is arranged under the lithium battery module 14, and a positioning device 114 is provided at a position corresponding to the lithium battery module 14. The positioning device 114 can prevent the lithium battery module from shaking, and is convenient for the installation and transportation of the lithium battery module. .

As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, above-mentioned lithium battery module group 14 comprises shell 117, upper cover 116, lower cover 119 and at least one cell 118, and the upper cover 116 of lithium battery module group, lower cover 119 and outer shell 117 are aluminum Alloy, or metal or non-metal material with strength and corrosion resistance equivalent to aluminum alloy. The bottom of each cell 118 is provided with a first explosion venting unit. In this embodiment, the first explosion venting unit is an explosion vent and an explosion vent covering the explosion vent. There is a second explosion venting unit 13 at the lower cover 119 of the lithium battery module. There is an explosion venting channel 15 between the positioning plate 12 and the second explosion venting unit 13. There is a cooling firefighting fluid 16 in the cooling cavity 110. The cooling firefighting fluid 16 is specific It can be water. When thermal runaway occurs inside the lithium battery module, the second explosion venting unit 13 will rupture, so that water will enter the lithium battery module 14 through the explosion venting channel 15 relying on static pressure. The water can absorb heat and pass through the passive Means to achieve the effects of cooling, pressure relief and termination of thermal runaway and thermal runaway spread.

Example 2

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 7, the battery tank for large-scale energy storage system provided by this embodiment includes a housing 11, a partition 17, a positioning plate 12 and a lithium battery module 14, and the The housing 11 is divided into a cooling cavity 110 and an electrical cavity 19. A plurality of through holes are provided on the partition plate 17 for placing the lithium battery module 14. The cross-sectional area of the lithium battery module upper cover 116 is larger than that of the through holes. area, so that the lithium battery module 14 is sealed and suspended on the separator 17 under its own gravity, and there is water in the cooling cavity 110 . The above-mentioned lithium battery module is sealed and suspended on the separator by its own gravity. There is a wedge-shaped sealing connector at the connection between the separator and the lithium battery module. The wedge-shaped sealing connector strengthens the sealing effect and can effectively prevent water and water vapor from entering the electric cavity poses a risk of short circuit.

As shown in Figures 4 to 6, there is a wedge-shaped sealing connector 18 at the connection between the separator 17 and the lithium battery module 14. The wedge-shaped sealing connector 18 is a ring whose upper radius is greater than the lower radius, and its cross-section is a right-angled trapezoid. The sealing effect is enhanced to prevent risks such as short circuit caused by water and water vapor entering the electrical chamber 19. The positioning plate 12 is arranged below the lithium battery module 14, and a positioning device 114 is provided corresponding to the lithium battery module 14. The positioning device 114 facilitates the installation and transportation of the lithium battery module.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 7 , the lithium battery module 14 includes a casing 117 , an upper cover 116 , a lower cover 119 and a plurality of battery cells 118 . Each cell 118 is provided with a first explosion-venting unit, and the lithium battery module lower cover is provided with a second explosion-venting unit 13 . An explosion venting channel 15 is formed between the positioning plate 12 and the second explosion venting unit 13 . A second explosion venting unit is installed at the bottom of the lithium battery module. When thermal runaway occurs, the second explosion venting unit ruptures, so that the cooling firefighting fluid enters the lithium battery module through the explosion venting channel by virtue of static pressure, and uses passive means to achieve cooling and venting. The effect of pressure and termination of thermal runaway and thermal runaway propagation.

When thermal runaway occurs in a single battery cell, the first explosion venting unit on the battery cell is activated, and the substance produced by the thermal runaway of the battery cell is discharged through the first explosion venting unit, and buffered in the lithium battery module where the battery cell is located . After the thermal runaway of the battery cell, the design of cushioning in the single battery module shell through the first explosion venting can effectively prevent the impact of pressure on the adjacent lithium battery module and battery can. When the pressure in the lithium battery module rises further and reaches the threshold value, the second explosion venting unit 13 at the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module starts, opens the explosion venting channel 15 for secondary explosion venting, and allows the fire water to pass through the explosion venting The channel 15 enters into the lithium battery module 14 . The above-mentioned secondary explosion venting method can effectively improve the overall safety protection performance, and can control the thermal runaway at the first time, avoiding the spread of thermal runaway and causing greater damage to adjacent battery modules or battery cans. The cooling firefighting fluid enters the lithium battery module 14 through the explosion venting channel 15 relying on static pressure, absorbs heat, and achieves cooling, pressure relief, and termination of thermal runaway and thermal runaway spread through passive means.

Example 3

According to the battery tank for large-scale energy storage system provided by Embodiment 1 or 2 of the present application, as shown in Figure 3, a cooling and fire-fighting fluid circulation device 115 can also be selected according to site conditions and the scale of the overall system. In this embodiment, the cooling and fire-fighting fluid circulation device 115 is specifically an industrial chiller. Specifically, the cooling chamber 110 can communicate with the industrial chiller through the outlet pipe 113 and the return pipe 111 , and the outlet pipe 113 is also provided with a purification filter device 112 .

Example 4

The battery tank for a large energy storage system provided in this embodiment includes a housing, a lithium battery module, a separator, a positioning plate and a high-level liquid tank, and the battery tank is divided into an electrical chamber, a cooling chamber and a The fire-fighting chamber, above the partition is an electrical chamber, between the partition and the positioning plate is a cooling chamber, and below the positioning plate is a fire-fighting chamber, which communicates with the high-level liquid tank. In this embodiment, there are pressure relief valves at the bottom of the fire chamber and the top of the high-level liquid tank. The lithium battery module includes a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and a battery cell. An explosion venting part is provided at the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module. An explosion venting channel is set between the explosion venting part and the positioning plate. The cross-sectional area of the cover is larger than that of the explosion-venting channel, so that the lithium battery module is sealed on the positioning plate under its own gravity. The separator is arranged on the upper part of the battery tank, and the separator is provided with a plurality of mounting holes corresponding to the positions of the lithium battery modules, and a positioning device is provided at the mounting holes.

It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the battery tank is divided into an electrical cavity, a cooling cavity, and a fire-fighting cavity through a partition plate and a positioning plate; The cooling cavity is connected, and the air cooling device is an industrial air conditioner. By setting up an air cooling device, the heat generated by the lithium battery module can be dissipated in time.

In this embodiment, the lithium battery module is sealed on the positioning plate by its own gravity, and there are end face seals and radial sealing rings at the connection between the positioning plate and the explosion venting channel, thereby strengthening the sealing effect; Set the explosion venting parts, and set the explosion venting channel between the positioning plate and the explosion venting parts. There is cooling fire fighting fluid in the fire chamber and the high level liquid tank. When the thermal runaway occurs, the explosion venting parts will rupture. It enters the lithium battery module under the action of passive means to achieve the effects of cooling, releasing pressure and terminating thermal runaway and thermal runaway spread. out of control.

As shown in Fig. 8 to Fig. 12, the battery tank for large-scale energy storage system provided by this embodiment includes a housing 21, a pressure relief valve 22, a separator 23, a positioning plate 24, a radial sealing ring 25, and an end face seal 26. Explosion venting component 27, lithium battery module 28, electrical chamber 29, cooling chamber 210, fire chamber 211, explosion venting channel 212, high level liquid tank 213, liquid inlet pipe 214, inspection valve 215, ventilation hole 216, air cooling device 217. In the embodiment of the present application, the inner cavity of the housing 21 is divided into an electrical cavity 29, a cooling cavity 210 and a fire-fighting cavity 211 by a partition plate 23 and a positioning plate 24. There is water in the fire-fighting cavity 211 and the high-level liquid tank 213. Connected, there is an inspection valve 215 on the liquid inlet pipe, and there are pressure relief valves at the bottom of the fire chamber 211 and the top of the high level liquid tank 213.

The above-mentioned lithium battery module 28 is a cylindrical battery module, including a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and an electric cell. An explosion venting part 27 is arranged in the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module, and an explosion venting part 27 is arranged between the positioning plate 24 and the explosion venting part 27. There is an explosion venting passage 212, and the cross-sectional area of the lower cover of the lithium battery module is larger than that of the explosion venting passage 212, so that the lithium battery module 28 is sealed on the positioning plate 24 under its own gravity, and the lithium battery module 28 and the The junction of the explosion venting channel 212 has an end face seal 26 in the horizontal direction, and a radial sealing ring 25 in the vertical direction, so as to enhance the sealing effect. The separator 23 is located on the upper part of the inner cavity of the housing 21 , and a positioning device is provided at a position corresponding to the lithium battery module 28 . The positive and negative poles of the lithium battery module 28 are connected to the electrical cavity 29 above the separator 23 by wires, and a control unit is arranged in the electrical cavity 29, and the control unit is a battery management system, a bus bar and an energy storage converter.

In this embodiment, each battery cell in the lithium battery module is also provided with a first explosion venting unit; when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, the first explosion venting unit on the battery cell is activated, and the substances generated by the thermal runaway are released from the The explosion venting port of the battery core gushes out and is buffered in the lithium battery module; when the pressure in the lithium battery module reaches a threshold value, the explosion venting part 27 at the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module starts to open the explosion venting channel 212, make water (i.e. cooling firefighting fluid) flow back into the lithium battery module 28 through the explosion venting channel 212 under the liquid level difference of the high level liquid tank 213, and use passive means to achieve cooling, pressure relief and termination of thermal runaway and heat loss. The effect of uncontrolled spread.

In the battery tank used in the large-scale energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present application, an air cooling device 217 is provided on the top of the casing, which communicates with the electrical cavity 29 and the cooling cavity 210, and performs air cooling and heat dissipation for the lithium battery module 28 in normal working condition. . The air cooling device performs air cooling and heat dissipation for the electrical chamber and the lithium battery module at the same time, and the heat dissipation effect is better.

Example 5

As shown in Fig. 13, Fig. 15, Fig. 16 and Fig. 17, the battery tank for large-scale energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a housing 31, a separator 33, a positioning plate 32, a radial sealing ring 34, an end face Seal 35 , explosion venting component 36 , lithium battery module 37 , heat pipe 311 , explosion venting channel 312 , high level liquid tank 313 , liquid inlet pipe 314 , inspection valve 315 and pressure relief valve 316 . In this embodiment, the cavity of the housing 31 is divided into an electrical cavity 38, a cooling cavity 39, and a fire-fighting cavity 310 through the positioning plate 32 and the partition plate 33. The electrical cavity 38 is above the cooling cavity 39, and the fire-fighting cavity 310 is below the cooling cavity 39. . There is water in the fire chamber 310 and the high-level liquid tank 313, which are communicated through the liquid inlet pipe 314. There is an inspection valve 315 on the liquid inlet pipe. The bottom of the fire-fighting chamber 310 and the top of the high-level liquid tank 313 have a pressure relief valve 316.

The above-mentioned lithium battery module 38 is a cylindrical battery module, including a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and an electric cell. An explosion venting part 36 is arranged in the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module, and an explosion venting part 36 is arranged between the positioning plate 32 and the explosion venting part 36. There is an explosion venting passage 312, and the cross-sectional area of the lower cover of the lithium battery module is larger than that of the explosion venting passage 312, so that the lithium battery module 37 is sealed on the positioning plate 32 under the action of its own gravity, and the lithium battery module 37 and the The junction of the explosion venting channel 312 has an end face seal 35 in the horizontal direction, and a radial sealing ring 34 in the vertical direction to enhance the sealing effect. The separator 33 is arranged above the inner cavity of the casing, and a positioning device is arranged at a position corresponding to the lithium battery module 37 . The positive and negative poles of the lithium battery module 37 are connected to the electric chamber 38 above the separator 33 by wires, and a control unit is arranged in the electric chamber 38, and the control unit is a battery management system, a bus bar and an energy storage converter.

Each battery cell in the lithium battery module is also equipped with a first explosion venting unit; when the thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the first explosion venting unit on the battery cell is activated, and the substances generated by the thermal runaway are released from the explosion venting unit of the battery cell. and buffered in the lithium battery module; when the pressure in the lithium battery module reached the threshold, the explosion venting part 36 at the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module started, and the explosion venting channel 312 was opened to allow the water to The liquid level difference of the high-level liquid tank 313 enters the lithium battery module 37 through the explosion venting channel 312 under the action of the liquid level difference, and uses passive means to achieve the effects of cooling, releasing pressure, and terminating thermal runaway and its spread.

There is also at least one small pressure relief hole on the upper cover of the lithium battery module. When thermal runaway occurs, the explosion venting gas can be discharged smoothly, and the internal and external pressure can also be balanced so that the cooling firefighting fluid can be fully poured into the lithium battery. In the module, ensure that the liquid level inside and outside the lithium battery module is consistent.

There are multiple heat pipes 311 in the above-mentioned cooling cavity 39, and the heat pipes 311 are located in the lithium battery module 37, and are close to the shell of the battery cell in the lithium battery module 37. The heat generated by the battery module 37 is exported, and the heat pipe is used to achieve a good heat dissipation effect.

In this application, there is an explosion-venting channel between the positioning plate 32 and the explosion-venting component. After the explosion-venting component ruptures in the lithium battery module, the cooling fire-fighting fluid enters the lithium battery module through the explosion-venting channel, and the thermal runaway is terminated in a passive manner. and thermal runaway spread.

Example 6

As shown in Fig. 14, Fig. 15, Fig. 16, and Fig. 18, the battery can for a large-scale energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a housing 31, a positioning plate 32, a separator 33, a radial sealing ring 34, an end face Seal 35 , explosion venting component 36 , lithium battery module 37 , electrical chamber 38 , cooling chamber 39 , fire chamber 310 , heat pipe 311 , explosion venting channel 312 and pressure relief valve 316 . In the embodiment of the present application, the battery tank is divided into an electrical cavity 38 , a cooling cavity 39 and a fire fighting cavity 310 through a positioning plate 32 and a partition plate 33 . There is water in the fire chamber 310 , and the fire chamber 310 is connected with a pressure relief valve 316 .

The above-mentioned lithium battery module 38 is a cylindrical battery module, including a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and an electric cell. The center of the upper cover of the lithium battery module is provided with an explosion-venting part 36, and an explosion-venting part 36 is arranged between the separator 33 and the explosion-venting part 36. There is an explosion venting passage 312, and the cross-sectional area of the lithium battery module upper cover is greater than that of the explosion venting passage 312, so that the lithium battery module 37 is sealed on the partition 33 under its own gravity, and the lithium battery module 37 and the The junction of the explosion venting channel 312 has an end face seal 35 in the horizontal direction, and a radial sealing ring 34 in the vertical direction to enhance the sealing effect. The positioning plate 32 is located at the lower part of the inner cavity of the casing, and a positioning device is provided at a position corresponding to the lithium battery module 37 . The positive and negative poles of the lithium battery module 37 are connected to the electrical cavity 38 below the positioning plate 32 by wires. The electrical cavity 38 is provided with a control unit, which is a battery management system, a bus bar and an energy storage converter.

Each battery cell in the lithium battery module is also equipped with a first explosion venting unit; when the thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the first explosion venting unit on the battery cell is activated, and the substances generated by the thermal runaway are released from the explosion venting unit of the battery cell. and buffered in the lithium battery module; when the pressure in the lithium battery module reached the threshold, the explosion venting part 36 at the center of the lithium battery module upper cover started, and the explosion venting channel 312 was opened to allow the water to Under the action of its own gravity, it enters the lithium battery module 38 through the explosion venting channel 312, and uses passive means to achieve the effects of cooling, releasing pressure, and terminating thermal runaway and the spread of thermal runaway.

As shown in Figures 16 and 18, a plurality of heat pipes 311 are also provided in the cooling cavity 39, and the heat pipes 311 are located in the lithium battery module 37, and are close to the shell of the battery cell in the lithium battery module 37, and the condensation section of the heat pipe 311 extends into the In the fire chamber 310, the heat generated by the lithium battery module 37 is exported in time.

Example 7

As shown in Fig. 19, Fig. 21, Fig. 22, and Fig. 23, the battery can for a large-scale energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a housing 41, a separator 43, a positioning plate 42, a radial sealing ring 44, an end face Seal 45, explosion venting component 46, lithium battery module 47, heat pipe 411, explosion venting channel 412, high level liquid tank 413, liquid inlet pipe 414, maintenance valve 415 and pressure relief valve 416. The housing cavity is divided into an electrical chamber 48 , a cooling chamber 49 and a fire chamber 410 by a positioning plate 42 and a partition 43 , the electrical chamber 48 is above the cooling chamber 49 , and the fire chamber 410 is below the cooling chamber 49 . The fire chamber 410 and the high level liquid tank 413 contain perfluorohexanone, and are connected through the liquid inlet pipe 414. There is an inspection valve 415 on the liquid inlet pipe, and there are pressure relief valves 416 at the bottom of the fire chamber 410 and the top liquid tank 413. The lithium battery module 48 is a cylindrical battery module, including a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and an electric cell, the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module is provided with an explosion venting part 46, and an explosion venting part 46 is arranged between the positioning plate 42 and the explosion venting part 46. Explosion venting channel 412, the cross-sectional area of the lower cover of the lithium battery module is larger than the cross-sectional area of the explosion venting channel 412, so that the lithium battery module 47 is sealed on the positioning plate 42 under the action of its own gravity, and the lithium battery module 47 is connected to the venting channel 412. There is an end face seal 45 in the horizontal direction at the joint of the explosion channel 412, and a radial sealing ring 44 in the vertical direction, thereby strengthening the sealing effect. The separator 43 is arranged on the upper part of the inner cavity of the casing, and a positioning device is arranged at a position corresponding to the lithium battery module 47 . The positive and negative poles of the lithium battery module 47 are connected to the electrical cavity 48 above the separator 43 by wires, and a control unit is arranged in the electrical cavity 48, and the control unit is a battery management system, a bus bar and an energy storage converter.

Each battery cell in the lithium battery module is also equipped with a first explosion venting unit; when the thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the first explosion venting unit on the battery cell is activated, and the substances generated by the thermal runaway are released from the explosion venting unit of the battery cell. and buffered in the lithium battery module; when the pressure in the lithium battery module reached the threshold, the explosion venting part 46 at the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module was activated, and the explosion venting channel 412 was opened to make the cooling and fire fighting Under the action of the liquid level difference of the high-level liquid tank 413, the liquid enters the lithium battery module 48 through the explosion venting channel 412, and uses passive means to achieve the effects of cooling, pressure relief, termination of thermal runaway and the spread of thermal runaway.

There are multiple heat pipes 411 in the cooling cavity 49, the heat pipes 411 are located in the lithium battery module 47, and are close to the shell of the battery cell in the lithium battery module 47, and one end of the heat pipes 411 communicates with the high-level liquid tank 413, and the lithium battery module The heat generated by 47 is exported, and the cooling firefighting fluid is perfluorohexanone, which can also be used as the phase change material of the heat pipe 411.

Example 8

As shown in Fig. 20, Fig. 21, Fig. 22, and Fig. 24, the battery can for a large-scale energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a casing 41, a positioning plate 42, a separator 43, a radial sealing ring 44, an end face A seal 45 , an explosion venting component 46 , a lithium battery module 47 , a heat pipe 411 , an explosion venting channel 412 and a pressure relief valve 416 . In the embodiment of the present application, the housing cavity is divided into an electrical cavity 48 , a cooling cavity 49 and a fire-fighting cavity 410 by a positioning plate 42 and a partition 43 .

Inside the fire chamber 410 is perfluorohexanone, and the fire chamber 410 is connected with a pressure relief valve 416 . The lithium battery module 47 is a cylindrical battery module, including a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and an electric cell. The center of the upper cover of the lithium battery module is provided with an explosion-venting part 46, and between the separator 43 and the explosion-venting part 46, a Explosion venting channel 412, the cross-sectional area of the upper cover of the lithium battery module is greater than the cross-sectional area of the explosion venting channel 412, so that the lithium battery module 47 is sealed on the partition 43 under the action of its own gravity, and the lithium battery module 47 is connected to the venting channel 412. There is an end face seal 45 in the horizontal direction at the junction of the explosion channel 412, and a radial sealing ring 44 in the vertical direction to strengthen the sealing effect. The positioning plate 42 is arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the casing, and a positioning device is arranged at a position corresponding to the lithium battery module 47 . The positive and negative poles of the lithium battery module 47 are connected to the electrical cavity 48 below the positioning plate 42 by wires, and a control unit is arranged in the electrical cavity 48, and the control unit is: a battery management system, a bus bar and an energy storage converter.

Each battery cell in the lithium battery module is also equipped with a first explosion venting unit; when the thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the first explosion venting unit on the battery cell is activated, and the substances generated by the thermal runaway are released from the explosion venting unit of the battery cell. and buffered in the lithium battery module; when the pressure in the lithium battery module reached the threshold, the explosion venting part 46 at the center of the lithium battery module upper cover was activated, and the explosion venting channel 412 was opened to make the perfluorinated Under the action of its own gravity, hexanone enters the lithium battery module 47 through the explosion venting channel 412, and uses passive means to achieve the effects of cooling, releasing pressure, terminating thermal runaway and spreading of thermal runaway. There are many heat pipes 411 in the cooling chamber 49, the heat pipes 411 are located in the lithium battery module 47, close to the shell of the battery cell in the lithium battery module 47, one end of the heat pipe 411 is connected with the fire chamber 410, and the lithium battery module 47 is connected in time. The heat generated is exported. The perfluorohexanone in the fire chamber 410 can be used as a fire fighting cooling medium, and can also be used as a phase change material of the heat pipe 411 .

Claims

A battery tank for a large energy storage system, characterized in that it includes a lithium battery module, a housing, a separator and a positioning plate;

The partition plate and the positioning plate are arranged in the casing, and the inner cavity of the casing is divided into an electrical cavity and a cooling cavity; the lithium battery module is set in the cooling cavity, and the cooling cavity is provided with a cooling fire fighting fluid;

or,

The separator and the positioning plate are arranged in the casing, which divides the inner cavity of the casing into an electrical cavity, a cooling cavity and a fire fighting cavity; the lithium battery module is set in the cooling cavity, and the fire fighting cavity is provided with a cooling fire fighting liquid.
The battery tank for a large energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of through holes are arranged on the separator, and the through holes are used to place the lithium battery module, and the lithium battery The battery module includes a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and at least one battery cell. The cross-sectional area of the upper cover of the lithium battery module is larger than the cross-sectional area of the through hole on the separator, so that the lithium battery module can The seal is suspended on the partition under the action of its own gravity.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein a wedge-shaped sealing connector is provided at the connection between the separator and the lithium battery module, and the wedge-shaped sealing connector is an upper radius A ring larger than the lower radius has a right-angled trapezoidal section.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein a positioning device is provided at a position where the positioning plate is connected to the lithium battery module.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein the through hole is a round hole, the lithium battery module is a cylindrical battery module, or the through hole is a square holes, and the lithium battery module is a square battery module.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery module are connected to the electrical cavity above the separator through wires; the electrical cavity is provided with a control unit, and the control unit includes one or more of a battery management system, a bus bar, and an energy storage converter.
The battery tank for a large energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the casing is grounded.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein a first explosion venting unit is provided on each of the battery cells, and a second explosion venting unit is provided on the lower cover of the lithium battery module unit, an explosion venting channel is formed between the positioning plate and the second explosion venting unit, and when thermal runaway occurs inside the lithium battery module, the first explosion venting unit and the second explosion venting unit rupture, so that the cooling and fire protection The liquid enters the lithium battery module and the battery cell through the explosion venting channel by means of static pressure, and the cooling fire-fighting liquid absorbs heat, or the cooling fire-fighting liquid absorbs heat and reacts with the electrolyte.
The battery tank for a large energy storage system according to claim 8, wherein the cooling and firefighting fluid is water.
The battery tank for large-scale energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that, the cooling chamber communicates with the cooling and fire-fighting fluid circulation device through the outlet pipe and the return pipe, and the cooling and fire-fighting fluid circulation device is industrial cold water machine, the outlet pipe is provided with a purification filter device.
An explosion venting method using a battery tank for a large energy storage system according to any one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that each cell in the lithium battery module is provided with a first venting Explosion unit, the lower cover of the lithium battery module is provided with a second explosion venting unit; when the thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the first explosion venting unit on the runaway battery cell is activated, and the material generated by the thermal runaway is in the lithium battery. Buffering in the battery module, when the pressure in the lithium battery module continues to rise and reaches the pressure threshold, the second explosion venting unit at the lower cover of the lithium battery module is activated to open the explosion venting channel, so that the cooling firefighting fluid relies on Static pressure enters the lithium battery module and the battery cell where thermal runaway occurs through the explosion venting channel.
The battery tank for a large-scale energy storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a high-level liquid tank, the fire-fighting chamber communicates with the high-level liquid tank, and the high-level liquid tank is filled with cooling fire-fighting fluid , above the partition is an electrical cavity, between the partition and the positioning plate is a cooling cavity, and below the positioning plate is a fire chamber.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 12, wherein the lithium battery module includes a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and at least one cell; the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module is There is an explosion venting part, and an explosion venting passage is arranged between the explosion venting part and the positioning plate; the cross-sectional area of the lower cover of the lithium battery module is larger than that of the explosion venting passage, so that the The lithium battery module is sealed on the positioning plate under its own gravity.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 13, wherein an end face seal is provided in the horizontal direction at the joint between the lithium battery module and the explosion venting channel, and the lithium battery module A radial sealing ring is provided in the vertical direction at the junction with the explosion venting passage.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 12, wherein the separator is arranged on the upper part of the casing, and the separator is provided with a plurality of positions connected to the lithium battery module. Corresponding to the installation hole, the installation hole is provided with a positioning device.
The battery tank for large-scale energy storage system according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein an air cooling device is provided on the top of the housing, and the air cooling device passes through the ventilation holes provided on the partition plate It communicates with the electrical cavity and the cooling cavity, and the air cooling device is an industrial air conditioner.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 16, wherein the lithium battery module is a cylindrical battery module or a square battery module, and the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery module pass through The wires are connected to the electrical cavity above the partition; a control unit is arranged in the electrical cavity, and the control unit is one or more of a battery management system, a bus bar, and an energy storage converter.
The battery tank for a large energy storage system according to claim 12, characterized in that there is a pressure relief valve at the bottom of the fire chamber and/or the top of the high-level liquid tank, and the fire-fighting chamber and the high-level liquid tank pass through The liquid pipe is connected, and an inspection valve is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 13, characterized in that, each battery cell in the lithium battery module is also provided with a first explosion-venting unit; when the battery cell thermal runaway , the first explosion-venting unit on the battery cell is started, and the substance generated by thermal runaway is ejected from the battery cell and buffered in the lithium battery module. When the pressure in the lithium battery module reaches a threshold, the lithium battery The explosion venting part at the center of the lower cover of the battery module is activated, and the explosion venting channel is opened, so that the cooling fire fighting fluid enters the lithium battery module through the explosion venting channel under the action of the liquid level difference of the high level liquid tank, and the cooling The firefighting fluid is used to absorb heat, or the cooling firefighting fluid is used to absorb heat and react with the electrolyte to stop thermal runaway.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the lithium battery module includes a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and at least one battery cell, and an electrical cavity is above the separator, Between the positioning plate and the partition plate is a cooling chamber, and below the positioning plate is a fire chamber.
The battery tank for a large energy storage system according to claim 20, wherein the fire-fighting chamber is located at the lower part of the housing, and the fire-fighting chamber is connected to a high-level liquid tank through a liquid inlet pipe, and the high-level liquid tank is set In the electrical cavity, the high-level liquid tank and the fire-fighting cavity are both provided with cooling fire-fighting fluid.
The battery can for a large-scale energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the lithium battery module includes a casing, an upper cover, a lower cover and at least one battery cell, an electrical cavity is located below the positioning plate, Between the positioning plate and the partition is a cooling cavity, above the partition is a fire fighting cavity, the fire fighting cavity is located on the upper part of the housing, and a cooling fire fighting liquid is arranged in the fire fighting cavity.
The battery can for large energy storage systems according to any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein there are a plurality of heat pipes in the cooling cavity, and the heat pipes are located in the lithium battery module and are in close contact with the The shell of the battery cell, one end of the heat pipe extends into the fire chamber or the high-level liquid tank.
The battery tank for large-scale energy storage system according to claim 23, characterized in that there is a pressure relief valve at the bottom of the fire chamber, and an inspection valve is provided on the liquid inlet pipe connected to the fire chamber.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 23, wherein an explosion-venting component is arranged at the center of the lower cover of the lithium battery module, and an explosion-venting component is arranged between the positioning plate and the explosion-venting component. The explosion venting channel, the cross-sectional area of the lower cover of the lithium battery module is larger than the cross-sectional area of the explosion venting channel, so that the lithium battery module is sealed on the positioning plate under its own gravity.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 25, wherein a positioning device is provided at a position where the separator is connected to the lithium battery module.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 23, wherein an explosion-venting component is arranged in the center of the upper cover of the lithium battery module, and an explosion-venting component is arranged between the partition and the explosion-venting component. In the explosion venting passage, the cross-sectional area of the upper cover of the lithium battery module is larger than the cross-sectional area of the explosion venting passage, so that the lithium battery module is sealed on the separator under its own gravity.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 25, wherein a positioning device is provided at a position where the positioning plate is connected to the lithium battery module.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 25, wherein an end face seal is provided in the horizontal direction at the connection between the lithium battery module and the explosion venting channel, and the lithium battery module A radial sealing ring is provided in the vertical direction at the connection with the explosion venting passage.
The battery can for a large energy storage system according to claim 27, wherein each battery cell in the lithium battery module is also provided with a first explosion-venting unit; when the battery cell thermal runaway , the first explosion-venting unit on the battery cell is started, and the substance generated by thermal runaway is ejected from the battery cell and buffered in the lithium battery module. When the pressure in the lithium battery module reaches a threshold, the lithium battery The explosion-venting component at the center of the lower cover of the battery module is activated, and the explosion-venting channel is opened, so that the cooling and fire-fighting fluid enters the lithium battery module through the explosion-venting channel under the action of the liquid level difference, and the cooling and fire-fighting fluid enters the lithium battery module. In the group, it is used to absorb the heat generated by thermal runaway.
The battery tank for a large energy storage system according to claim 23, wherein one end of the heat pipe communicates with the fire-fighting cavity, and the fire-fighting cavity is filled with a cooling fire-fighting fluid as a heat pipe phase change material Alternatively, one end of the heat pipe communicates with the high-level liquid tank, and both the fire-fighting cavity and the high-level liquid tank are filled with cooling fire-fighting fluid as a heat pipe phase change material.
The battery tank for a large energy storage system according to claim 31, wherein the cooling and fire fighting fluid is perfluorohexanone.