CN216145736U

CN216145736U - Honeycomb battery box with adsorbent layer

Info

Publication number: CN216145736U
Application number: CN202022872253.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雷政军; 郭鸿香
Original assignee: National Electric Energy Storage Holdings Ltd
Current assignee: National Electric Energy Storage Holdings Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-04
Filing date: 2020-12-04
Publication date: 2022-03-29
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-04

Abstract

The utility model provides a honeycomb battery box with an adsorbent layer, which comprises a honeycomb box body and the adsorbent layer, wherein the honeycomb box body is used for accommodating a plurality of battery cores, and the adsorbent layer is arranged at one end of the honeycomb box body and is used for adsorbing inflammable gas and liquid sprayed out of the battery cores when the heat is out of control. According to the honeycomb battery box with the adsorbent layer, when the battery core of the lithium battery generates thermal runaway in reaction, inflammable gas and liquid generated by the battery core due to the thermal runaway can firstly pass through the solid adsorbent layer and are absorbed or react by the solid adsorbent layer, so that the aim of preventing the thermal runaway from further diffusing is fulfilled.

Description

Honeycomb battery box with adsorbent layer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a honeycomb cell housing with adsorbent layers for use in the field of electrical energy storage.

Background

In various energy storage schemes, an energy storage system of a lithium ion battery is increasingly emphasized by people due to low price and small volume, but the problem of thermal runaway is firstly solved when the energy storage system of the lithium ion battery is used on a large scale.

The commercial secondary lithium battery electrolyte is mainly formed by mixing ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and lithium hexafluorophosphate. Among them, lithium hexafluorophosphate is decomposed at 60 ℃ or higher, and carbonate solvents such as dimethyl carbonate are low-flash-point, volatile organic solvents, and when the temperature is higher than 55 ℃, heat accumulation may be caused to cause thermal runaway. For the problem, the temperature control method commonly used at present is to reduce the temperature by two methods of air cooling and water cooling, and the water cooling heat dissipation effect is far better than the air cooling, but the water cooling structure is complex, a circulation pipeline is needed, and the method is not suitable for a common battery box.

In addition to thermal runaway of a battery core caused by thermal accumulation, lithium ion batteries cause internal short circuits of a positive electrode and a negative electrode when overcharged, short-circuited, overheated or defective in manufacturing, so that a large amount of gas and heat are instantaneously generated in the battery core, components such as a diaphragm, an electrolyte and the like in the battery react at high temperature, and thermal runaway combustion can also be generated in the battery core.

When thermal runaway occurs, the cathode material of the battery core can generate a large amount of combustible gas to cause tearing or explosion of the battery box, and a large amount of oxygen participates in combustion to lead to thermal runaway diffusion aggravation, so that large-area fire is formed and is difficult to suppress, and the hazard is very large. The method for preventing thermal runaway commonly used at present is that a gas extinguishing agent or a water mist extinguishing agent shower head is arranged outside a battery module in a battery box, the fire extinguishing and cooling effects are achieved by spraying the extinguishing agent, the fire extinguishing effect of the water mist extinguishing agent is better than that of the gas extinguishing agent, and the problems of complex structure and high cost exist.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the problems of difficult control of thermal runaway or high cost in the prior art, the utility model provides a novel honeycomb battery box with an adsorbent layer, high safety and easy popularization and use.

The honeycomb battery box with the adsorbent layer comprises a honeycomb box body and the adsorbent layer, wherein the honeycomb box body is used for accommodating a plurality of battery cores, and the adsorbent layer is arranged at one end of the honeycomb box body and is used for adsorbing inflammable gas and liquid sprayed out of the battery cores when thermal runaway occurs.

Preferably, the adsorbent layer is provided with a gas guide plate so that inflammable gas and liquid sprayed out when the battery core is in thermal runaway can be in full contact with the adsorbent.

Preferably, the adsorbent is a mixture of one or more of nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl acetate and acrylic resin.

Preferably, the adsorbent is a solid particulate or an air-permeable sponge.

Preferably, a left end cover and a right end cover are arranged at two ends of the honeycomb-shaped box body, a solid adsorbent is filled in the left end cover, and a battery protection plate is fixed in the middle of the right end cover.

Preferably, an air outlet hole is formed in the middle of the outer side of the left end cover.

Preferably, a sealing cover waterproof cover is mounted outside the air outlet of the left end cover.

Preferably, the material of the honeycomb-shaped box body is aluminum alloy or silicon carbide.

Preferably, the thickness of the adsorbent layer is 6cm or more.

Preferably, a one-way valve is arranged between the battery core and the adsorbent layer in the honeycomb-shaped box body.

Preferably, the inner wall of the honeycomb case is provided with a guide passage to guide the inflammable gas and the liquid to the adsorbent.

Preferably, a plurality of battery cells in the holes of the honeycomb-shaped case are connected in series or in parallel.

Compared with the existing battery box for storing electric quantity, the utility model has the advantages that:

the end cover of the battery box is provided with the solid adsorbent layer, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery core, the generated combustible gas and liquid firstly pass through the solid adsorbent layer before being discharged out of the battery box, and the solid adsorbent in the layer is a solid chemical substance which reacts with or can adsorb the combustible gas and the liquid, so that the hazard of drawing the combustible gas and the liquid is greatly reduced.

The main box body of the battery box is a honeycomb aluminum alloy extrusion part, a plurality of mutually isolated holes containing battery cores are arranged in the main box body, one end of an outlet of each hole is sealed, and the other end of each hole is connected with the solid adsorbent layer.

The main box body of the battery box is a honeycomb aluminum alloy extrusion part which is provided with a plurality of mutually isolated holes, each hole is provided with a plurality of battery cores, the outer walls of the battery cores are connected with the inner walls of the holes, and when the battery box works normally, because the aluminum alloy has high heat conductivity coefficient, the heat generated by the battery cores can be conducted to the external environment through the honeycomb aluminum alloy box body, so that parts such as an exhaust fan, a bracket and the like in the common battery box are saved, the structure is simple, and the battery box also has excellent heat dissipation effect.

Especially when the battery core causes thermal runaway and causes the battery case to rise rapidly, the high temperature can be quickly and equally distributed to each part of the battery case through the honeycomb-shaped aluminum alloy case body, and the risk that the thermal runaway of adjacent battery cores and even the thermal runaway of the whole battery is caused by the thermal runaway of one battery core is avoided.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and, together with the description, serve to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a honeycomb cell casing with an adsorbent layer according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane A-A of a honeycomb cell casing with an adsorbent layer according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a side B-B of a honeycomb cell casing with an adsorbent layer according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C plane of a honeycomb cell casing with an adsorbent layer according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a view showing the flow direction of the honeycomb-shaped battery box with an adsorption layer according to the present invention;

description of reference numerals: 1. a left end cap; 2. a honeycomb aluminum alloy box body; 3. a right end cap; 4. an air outlet; 5. a wire guide hole; 6. a battery cell; 7. a battery holder; 8. a gas guide plate; 9. a solid adsorbent; 10. a battery protection plate; 11. and sealing the battery support.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

It should be understood that like reference numerals are used throughout the several figures to indicate like elements or elements of like functionality. Additionally, the drawings are intended to illustrate and not to limit the scope of the utility model, and should not be taken to be to scale.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the honeycomb battery box with an adsorption layer according to the present invention is composed of a left end cover 1, a honeycomb aluminum alloy box body 2, and a right end cover 3, which are connected by bolts. The honeycomb aluminum alloy box body 2 is formed by aluminum alloy through one-time extrusion, 10 mutually isolated holes are formed in the box body, 4 battery cores 6 are arranged in each hole, and the battery cores are connected in series in the holes.

The battery core 6 is fixed in the honeycomb-shaped aluminum alloy box body 2 through the battery bracket 7 and the sealed battery bracket 11. The left end of the honeycomb-shaped aluminum alloy box body 2 is connected with the left end cover 1 through a bolt, a solid adsorbent 9 is arranged in the left end cover 1, and an air guide plate 8 can be fixed in the middle of the left end cover 1, so that inflammable gas and liquid sprayed out when the battery core is out of control due to heat fully contact with the adsorbent. The middle of the outer side of the left end cover 1 is provided with an air outlet 4. The honeycomb aluminum alloy box body 2 is connected with the right end cover 3 at the right end through a bolt, a battery protection plate 10 is fixed in the middle of the right end cover 3, a wire hole 4 is formed in the middle of the outer side of the right end cover 2, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a battery core are connected onto the battery protection plate 10 through wires, and the wires of the battery protection plate 10 are connected to the outside through the wire hole 4.

Fig. 5 is a view showing the flow of air when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 6. As shown in fig. 5, when the thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 6 with the X number, the flammable gas and the liquid inside the battery cell 6 sequentially pass through the inner hole of the honeycomb aluminum alloy case 2, the solid adsorbent 9 and the two ends of the air guide plate 8 along the arrow direction, and finally are discharged out of the case through the air outlet 4. When the inflammable gas and liquid in the battery core 6 pass through the solid adsorbent 9, the solid adsorbent 9 can absorb the ejected inflammable gas and liquid or react with the ejected inflammable gas and liquid, so that the gas discharged from the gas outlet 4 has better safety, and the risk of thermal runaway diffusion of the whole battery box is prevented.

Under normal operating conditions, the heat generated by the battery cells 6 is conducted to the external environment through the honeycomb aluminum alloy case 2. Because the aluminum alloy has high heat conductivity coefficient, and the cell walls of the cell cores 6 are directly contacted with the inner wall of the honeycomb-shaped aluminum alloy box body 2, the honeycomb-shaped cell box with the adsorption layer has excellent heat dissipation effect. In order to better circulate the inflammable gas and liquid ejected from the battery cells 6 at the time of thermal runaway when the cell walls of the battery cells 6 are in contact with the inner wall of the honeycomb aluminum alloy case 2, guide passages, such as guide grooves, for guiding the inflammable gas and liquid to the solid adsorbent 9 may be provided on the inner wall of the honeycomb aluminum alloy case 2.

Further, the material of the honeycomb aluminum alloy box 2 in the above technical solution may also be silicon carbide.

Further, the number of the holes of the honeycomb aluminum alloy case 2 in the above technical solution may be more than 10, or less than 10, as required.

Further, the number of the cells in the holes of the aluminum alloy honeycomb case 2 described in the above technical solution is not particularly limited, and may be more than 4, or less than 4.

Further, the shape of the holes of the honeycomb aluminum alloy case 2 in the above technical solution may be square or rectangular.

Further, the shape of the battery described in the above technical solution is not particularly limited, and may be a square or a rectangle.

Further, the connection mode of the cells in the holes of the honeycomb aluminum alloy case 2 in the above technical solution may be a parallel connection mode.

Further, the solid adsorbent 9 according to the above technical solution is a solid chemical substance that can absorb or react with flammable gas and liquid generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell 6 when the flammable gas and liquid come into contact with the solid adsorbent.

Further, the solid adsorbent 9 in the above technical solution may be a mixture of one or more of nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl acetate, and acrylic resin.

Further, the solid adsorbent 9 in the above technical solution may be a solid particulate or an air-permeable sponge.

Further, the thickness of the solid adsorption layer in the above technical solution is determined according to the selected material and adsorption effect, and may be generally 6cm or more.

Further, in the air outlet 4 in the above technical scheme, a waterproof cover of a sealing cover can be installed outside the air outlet.

Further, a check valve may be installed between the battery cell 6 and the solid adsorbent 9 in the honeycomb-shaped aluminum alloy case 2.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, which is to be covered by the claims.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the utility model may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the utility model are intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. The honeycomb battery box with the adsorbent layer is characterized by comprising a honeycomb box body and the adsorbent layer, wherein the honeycomb box body is used for accommodating a plurality of battery cores, and the adsorbent layer is arranged at one end of the honeycomb box body and used for adsorbing inflammable gas and liquid sprayed out of the battery cores when thermal runaway occurs.

2. A honeycomb cell casing with adsorbent layer in accordance with claim 1 wherein gas guide plates are provided in the adsorbent layer to allow combustible gases and liquids ejected from the cells during thermal runaway to be in sufficient contact with the adsorbent.

3. The honeycomb cell casing with a sorbent layer of claim 1, wherein the sorbent in the sorbent layer is a solid particulate or a gas permeable sponge.

4. The honeycomb cell casing with a sorbent layer according to claim 1, wherein the honeycomb casing is provided at both ends thereof with a left end cap and a right end cap, the left end cap is filled with the solid sorbent therein, and the right end cap is fixed with a cell protection plate in the middle.

5. The honeycomb sorbent layer cell casing of claim 4 wherein the left end cap has an air outlet disposed centrally on the outside of the left end cap.

6. The honeycomb cell casing with a sorbent layer according to claim 5, wherein the air outlet of the left end cap is externally provided with a sealing cap waterproof cap.

7. The honeycomb cell casing with a sorbent layer of claim 1, wherein the honeycomb casing is made of aluminum alloy or silicon carbide.

8. The honeycomb cell casing with a sorbent layer according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the sorbent layer is 6cm or more.

9. A honeycomb cell casing with a sorbent layer in accordance with claim 1 wherein a one-way valve is installed between the cell core and the sorbent layer in the honeycomb casing.

10. The honeycomb cell can with a sorbent layer of claim 1, wherein the inner walls of the honeycomb casing are provided with guide channels to guide the flammable gas and liquid to the sorbent.

11. The honeycomb cell casing with a sorbent layer of claim 1, wherein the plurality of cells in the cells of the honeycomb casing are connected in series or in parallel.

12. The honeycomb sorbent layer-containing cell casing of claim 1, wherein the cell core is cylindrical, square or rectangular in shape.