WO2023020168A1 - Convertisseur en cascade et son procédé de commande - Google Patents

Convertisseur en cascade et son procédé de commande Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023020168A1
WO2023020168A1 PCT/CN2022/105510 CN2022105510W WO2023020168A1 WO 2023020168 A1 WO2023020168 A1 WO 2023020168A1 CN 2022105510 W CN2022105510 W CN 2022105510W WO 2023020168 A1 WO2023020168 A1 WO 2023020168A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stage
converter
controller
output voltage
preset
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/105510
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
何祖伟
秦亚霄
Original Assignee
华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023020168A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023020168A1/fr

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4233—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a bridge converter comprising active switches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to a cascaded converter and a control method thereof.
  • the front-stage power circuit of the cascaded converter is a PFC circuit
  • the rear-stage power circuit is an isolated flyback circuit.
  • the cascaded converter mainly detects the output power of the cascaded converter through the secondary side controller of the rear stage, and when it is determined that the cascaded converter is in the standby/light-load working condition, it sends the output power to the PFC through the second optocoupler and the signal conversion circuit.
  • the circuit controller sends a PFC shutdown signal.
  • the PFC circuit controller turns off the PFC circuit controller according to the PFC off signal, so that the controllable power tube in the front-stage PFC circuit is turned off, and then the front-stage PFC circuit is turned off under no-load/light-load conditions, and the no-load/light load is improved. light load efficiency.
  • This application provides a cascaded converter and its control method.
  • the cascaded converter When the cascaded converter is in the standby/light-load state, it can ensure the first-stage power by detecting and adjusting the output voltage of its internal first-stage power circuit.
  • the output voltage of the circuit is maintained in a range greater than or equal to the first preset output voltage threshold, thereby improving its ability to deal with sudden loads, thereby improving its stability when supplying power to loads, and has strong applicability.
  • the present application provides a cascaded converter, the cascaded converter includes a first-stage converter and a second-stage converter, and the first-stage converter includes a first-stage controller and a first-stage power circuit , the output end of the first-stage power circuit is connected to the input end of the second-stage converter for outputting a voltage to the input end of the second-stage converter.
  • the first-stage controller obtains the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit, and controls the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit to be greater than or equal to the first preset output voltage threshold, so that the electric energy stored on the bus capacitor C can be replenished in time, ensuring The output voltage of the first-stage power circuit is maintained in a relatively high range, so as to avoid the output voltage drop of the cascaded converter due to the electric energy stored on the bus capacitor C not being replenished in time when the load suddenly increases, and then It can effectively improve the ability to cope with sudden changes in load, and has strong applicability.
  • the second-level converter includes a second-level controller, and the second-level controller is connected to the first-level controller.
  • the second-stage controller sends a first control signal to the first-stage controller to control the first-stage controller to be in a shutdown state or a sleep state, thereby reducing
  • the power consumption of the cascaded converter in the standby/light-load state improves the standby/light-load efficiency of the cascaded converter.
  • the first-stage controller is connected to the second-stage controller, compared to the prior art shown in FIG. In terms of loading efficiency, there is no need to add additional optocouplers and signal conversion circuits, which can reduce equipment costs and reduce equipment volume, which is conducive to miniaturization and high-density design.
  • the second-level converter includes a second-level controller, and the second-level controller is connected to the first-level controller.
  • the second-stage controller sends a second control signal to the first-stage controller to control the first-stage controller to be in the working state, so as to facilitate the subsequent
  • the first-stage controller promptly raises the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit, thereby effectively providing the ability to cope with sudden load changes.
  • the second-stage controller when the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit is lower than the second preset output voltage threshold, the second-stage controller sends the first preset duration of the second control signal.
  • the working time and duration of the first-stage controller can be effectively reduced.
  • the switching loss of the switching device and the core loss of the magnetic device reduce the power consumption of the cascaded converter.
  • the second stage controller determines the second preset duration as the first preset duration, wherein the interval between the first moment and the second moment is the preset interval duration, the second moment is the moment when the first stage controller stops sending the second control signal of the first preset duration, and the second preset duration is shorter than the first preset duration by a preset interval.
  • the second-stage controller can detect that the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit is within the preset output voltage range at the moment before the second moment within the first preset time length, the next time to the second stage will be shortened.
  • the time for the first-level controller to send the second control signal can effectively shorten the working hours of the first-level controller and the second-level controller, reduce the power consumption of the cascaded converter, and improve the standby/light-load efficiency of the cascaded converter .
  • the second-stage converter includes an isolated DC/DC circuit, which includes but is not limited to an isolated flyback circuit, an isolated LLC resonant circuit etc.
  • the second-stage converter has various structures and high flexibility.
  • the isolated DC/DC circuit is an isolated flyback circuit
  • the isolated flyback circuit includes an iron core, a first primary winding, and a second primary winding. Both the first primary winding and the second primary winding are coupled on the iron core, the first end of the first primary winding is connected to the output end of the first stage power circuit, the second end of the first primary winding is connected to the second primary winding The first end of the side winding is coupled to the second-level controller, and the second end of the second primary winding is connected to the reference ground.
  • the second-stage controller Before obtaining the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit, the second-stage controller also determines the second The output voltage of the primary power circuit. Since this method does not need to add an additional voltage sampling circuit in the second-stage converter, it can reduce the equipment cost of the cascaded converter and reduce the volume of the cascaded converter, and has strong applicability.
  • the second-level converter includes an optocoupler, one end of the optocoupler is connected to the output end of the second converter, and the other end is connected to the second-level controller.
  • the second-level controller obtains the first current that converts the output voltage or output current of the second-level converter into a current signal through the optocoupler, and according to the first current and the preset mapping relationship between the first current and the output power , to determine the output power of the second-stage converter.
  • the second-stage controller and the output end of the first-stage power circuit share a ground, which can avoid voltage deviation caused by a different ground, and has high applicability.
  • the second-level controller is a primary-side controller.
  • the first-stage power circuit is any one of a power factor correction circuit, an AC/DC circuit, and a DC/DC circuit.
  • the topological structure of the first-stage power circuit is diverse, with high flexibility and strong applicability.
  • the present application provides a control method of a cascaded converter, the method is applicable to a cascaded converter, the cascaded converter includes a first-level converter and a second-level converter, the first-level converter It includes a first-level controller and a first-level power circuit.
  • the output end of the first-level power circuit is connected to the input end of the second-level converter for outputting voltage to the input end of the second-level converter.
  • the first-stage controller obtains the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit, and controls the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit to be greater than or equal to a first preset output voltage threshold.
  • the second-level converter includes a second-level controller, and the second-level controller is connected to the first-level controller.
  • the second-stage controller sends a first control signal to the first-stage controller to control the first-stage controller to be in a shutdown state or a dormant state.
  • the second-level converter includes a second-level controller, and the second-level controller is connected to the first-level controller.
  • the second-stage controller sends a second control signal to the first-stage controller to control the first-stage controller to be in an operating state.
  • the second-stage controller when the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit is lower than the second preset output voltage threshold, the second-stage controller sends the first preset duration of the second control signal.
  • the second stage controller determines the second preset duration as the first preset duration, wherein the interval between the first moment and the second moment is the preset interval duration, the second moment is the moment when the first stage controller stops sending the second control signal of the first preset duration, and the second preset duration is shorter than the first preset duration by a preset interval.
  • the second-stage converter includes an isolated DC/DC circuit.
  • the isolated DC/DC circuit is an isolated flyback circuit
  • the isolated flyback circuit includes an iron core, a first primary winding, and a second primary winding. Both the first primary winding and the second primary winding are coupled on the iron core, the first end of the first primary winding is connected to the output end of the first stage power circuit, the second end of the first primary winding is connected to the second primary winding The first end of the side winding is coupled to the second-level controller, and the second end of the second primary winding is connected to the reference ground.
  • the second-stage controller Before obtaining the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit, the second-stage controller also determines the second The output voltage of the primary power circuit.
  • the second-level converter includes an optocoupler, one end of the optocoupler is connected to the output end of the second converter, and the other end is connected to the second-level controller.
  • the second-level controller obtains the first current that converts the output voltage or output current of the second-level converter into a current signal through the optocoupler, and according to the first current and the preset mapping relationship between the first current and the output power , to determine the output power of the second-stage converter.
  • the second-stage controller shares a ground with the output end of the first-stage power circuit.
  • the second-level controller is a primary-side controller.
  • the first-stage power circuit is any one of a power factor correction circuit, an AC/DC circuit, and a DC/DC circuit.
  • Fig. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a cascaded converter provided by the prior art
  • Fig. 1b is a timing diagram of a cascaded converter provided by the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a cascaded converter provided by the present application
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cascaded converter provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is another structural schematic diagram of the cascaded converter provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a timing diagram of the cascaded converter provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is another structural schematic diagram of the cascaded converter provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a control method for a cascaded converter provided in the present application.
  • the cascaded converter provided by this application can be applied to the power adapters of different types of electronic devices such as smart phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, desktop computers, smart speakers, smart watches, and wearable devices, so as to convert 220V household electricity into
  • the voltage and current applicable to different types of electronic equipment can be applied in the field of electronic equipment, laser field (such as laser power adapter) and other fields.
  • the cascaded converter provided by this application is suitable for power adapters, which can be adapted to the power supply application scenarios of different types of electronic devices, where the electronic devices may include but not limited to smart phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, desktop computers , smart speakers, smart watches, and wearable devices. The following will take an electronic device power supply scenario as an example for description, and details will not be repeated below.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the cascaded converter provided in the present application.
  • the input end of the power adapter is connected to the power grid, and the output end is connected to the electronic equipment.
  • the power adapter can first invert the AC voltage (such as 220V) provided by the power grid into the first DC voltage, and then convert the first DC voltage to DC to obtain the second DC voltage, which will be supplied to The electronic equipment outputs the second direct current voltage, so as to implement power supply to the electronic equipment.
  • the AC voltage such as 220V
  • the cascaded converter provided by this application can ensure that the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit remains greater than or equal to the first-stage
  • the range of the preset output voltage threshold can improve its ability to deal with sudden loads, thereby improving its stability when supplying power to the load, and has strong applicability.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cascaded converter provided in the present application.
  • the cascaded converter 1 includes a first-stage converter 11 and a second-stage converter 12
  • the first-stage converter 11 includes a first-stage power circuit 112 and a first-stage controller 111 .
  • the input terminal of the first stage power circuit 112 is used as the input terminal Vin of the cascaded converter 1
  • the output terminal of the first stage power circuit 112 is used as the output terminal of the first stage converter 11 .
  • the output end of the first-stage converter 11 is connected to the input end of the second-stage converter 12, and the output end of the second-stage converter 12 is used as the output terminal Vout of the cascaded converter 1.
  • the connecting line between the output end and the input end of the second-stage converter 12 is a bus bar.
  • the first-stage converter 11 also includes a bus capacitor C connected to the output terminal of the first-stage power circuit 112 for storing the electric energy output by the first-stage power circuit 112 .
  • the first-stage controller 111 obtains the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit 112, and controls the first-stage power circuit 112 to be in the first working state according to the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit 112, wherein When the first stage power circuit 112 is in the first working state, the output voltage of the first stage power circuit 112 is greater than or equal to the first preset output voltage threshold.
  • the second-stage converter 12 can control the first-stage controller 111 when the output power of the second-stage converter 12 is less than a preset output power threshold It is in the off state/sleep state, so that the controllable switching tube in the first-stage power circuit 112 is in the off state, so as to reduce the standby/light-load power consumption of the first-stage converter 11 .
  • the second-stage converter 12 detects that the first-stage power circuit When the output voltage of 112 is lower than the second preset output voltage threshold, the first stage controller 111 is controlled to switch from the shutdown state/sleep state to the working state. Afterwards, the first stage controller 111 obtains the output voltage of the first stage power circuit 112 .
  • the first-stage controller 111 can increase the input voltage of the first-stage power circuit 112 or control the The conduction duration of the controllable power transistor and other methods make the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit 112 rise to a range greater than or equal to the first preset output voltage threshold, that is, the first-stage power circuit 112 is in the first working state,
  • the electric energy stored on the bus capacitor C can be replenished in time to ensure that the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit 112 is maintained within a certain range, thereby avoiding that when the load suddenly increases, the electric energy stored on the bus capacitor C cannot be replenished in time
  • the output voltage of the cascaded converter drops, which can effectively improve the ability to cope with sudden changes in the load.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another cascaded converter provided in the present application.
  • the cascaded converter 1 includes a first-level converter 11 and a second-level converter 12, the input terminal of the first-level converter 11 serves as the input terminal Vin of the cascaded converter 1, and the first-level converter The output end of the converter 11 is connected to the input end of the second-stage converter 12 , and the output end of the second-stage converter 12 is used as the output end of the cascaded converter 1 .
  • the first-stage converter 11 includes a first-stage controller 111 , a first-stage power circuit 112 and a bus capacitor C.
  • the first-stage power circuit 112 is a Boost circuit, its input end is used as the input end of the first-stage converter 11 , and its output end is used as the output end of the first-stage converter 11 .
  • One end of the bus capacitor C is connected to the output end of the first stage power circuit 112, and the other end is connected to the reference ground.
  • the out1 end of the first-stage controller 111 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET M1 in the first-stage power circuit 112 for controlling M1 to be turned on or off.
  • the second-stage converter 12 includes a second-stage controller 121 (ie, a primary-side controller) and a first isolated DC/DC circuit 122 .
  • the first isolated DC/DC circuit 122 is an isolated flyback circuit, its input end is used as the input end of the second-stage converter 12, and its output end is used as the output end of the second-stage converter 12, that is, the cascaded converter 1
  • the output terminal Vout The out3 terminal of the second-stage controller 121 is connected to the in1 terminal (ie, the enable terminal) of the first-stage controller 111 , and the second-stage controller 121 and the output terminal of the first-stage power circuit 112 share a ground.
  • the first isolated DC/DC circuit 122 includes a first primary winding 1221, a second primary winding 1222, a first iron core 1223 and a secondary winding 1224, wherein the first primary winding 1221, the second primary winding 1222 and the secondary winding 1224 are coupled to the first iron core 1223, the first terminal a1 of the first primary winding 1221 is used as the input terminal of the first isolated DC/DC circuit 122, and the two ends of the secondary winding 1224 are used as the second The two output terminals of the stage converter 12.
  • the second-stage converter 12 may also include an optocoupler 123, the first end of the optocoupler 123 (i.e.
  • the collector of the phototransistor Q is connected to the in2 end of the second-stage controller 121, and the second end (i.e. the emitter of Q) ) is connected to the reference ground, the third end (i.e. the anode of the light emitting diode D) is connected to the anode of the output terminal Vout of the cascode converter 1, and the fourth end (i.e. the cathode of D) is connected to the loop control circuit for passing the light emitting diode D
  • the output voltage or output current of the cascode converter 1 is converted into an optical signal, and the phototransistor Q converts the received optical signal into a current signal, and sends the current signal to the second-level controller 121 .
  • the first isolated DC/DC circuit 122 may also include MOSFETM2, the drain of M2 is connected to the second terminal a2 of the first primary winding 1221, the gate is connected to the out2 terminal of the second-stage controller 121, and the source is connected to the reference ground connected.
  • the second-stage controller 121 can control the working state of the second-stage converter 12 by controlling M2 to be turned on or off, and has simple operation and high flexibility.
  • the first isolated DC/DC circuit 122 may also include a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, one end of R1 is connected to the in3 end of the second-stage controller 121 and one end of R2, the other end of R2 is connected to the reference ground, and the The other end is connected to the first end b1 of the second primary winding 1222, and the second end b2 of the second primary winding 1222 is connected to the reference ground.
  • the induced voltage output from the second primary winding 1222 to the second-level controller 121 can be reduced by means of series voltage division, so as to realize the protection of the second-level controller 121, increase the service life of the cascaded converter 1, and improve the applicability powerful.
  • M1 and M2 may also be bipolar junction transistors (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT), insulated gate bipolar transistors (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), etc., which are not limited in this application.
  • the second-stage controller 121 starts to detect the first current at the in2 terminal, and according to the first current and the preset mapping relationship between the first current and the output power (negative correlation relationship ) determines the output power of the first-stage converter 11 , that is, the output power of the cascaded converter 1 .
  • a resistor can also be provided between the first terminal of the phototransistor and the in2 terminal of the second-level controller 121, so that the second-level controller 121 receives a voltage signal at the in2 terminal.
  • the second-stage controller 121 determines the output power of the second-stage converter 12 according to the first voltage received at the in2 terminal and the preset mapping relationship between the first voltage and the output power.
  • the output power of the second-stage converter 12 can still be obtained, and the specific implementation method is as follows: the second-stage controller 121 controls M2 to be turned on. At this time, a current is generated on the first primary winding 1221, and the current generates a magnetic flux in the first iron core 1223, so that the first primary winding 1221, the second primary winding 1222 and the secondary winding 1224 are electromagnetically connected, so that Both the second primary winding 1222 and the secondary winding 1224 generate voltages.
  • the second-stage controller 121 calculates the second-stage converter according to Va1 and the preset voltage of the first primary winding 1221 and the mapping relationship between the primary-side current/switching frequency and the output power of the second-stage converter. 12 output power segments. It can be understood that since this method does not require an optocoupler, the equipment cost of the cascode converter 1 can be further reduced, and the volume of the cascode converter 1 can be reduced, which is conducive to miniaturization and high-density design, and has stronger applicability.
  • the second-stage controller 121 sends a first control signal (such as a high level signal) to the in1 terminal of the first-stage controller 111 through the out3 terminal. or low level signal).
  • the first-stage controller 111 controls itself to be in an off state or a dormant state according to the received first control signal, thereby reducing the power consumption of the cascode converter 1 in the standby/light-load state, and improving the standby/light load state of the cascode converter 1. light load efficiency.
  • the first-stage controller 111 and the second-stage controller 121 are connected, compared to the prior art shown in FIG. In terms of light-load efficiency, there is no need to add additional optocouplers and signal conversion circuits, which can reduce equipment costs and reduce equipment volume, which is conducive to miniaturization and high-density design, and has strong applicability.
  • the second-stage controller 121 can detect the output voltage V11 of the first-stage power circuit 112 according to the first preset frequency, please refer to the cascaded circuit shown in FIG. 5 for details. Timing diagram of the converter. As shown in FIG. 5 , the second-level controller 121 sends a pulse control signal to M2 every time t1, and the pulse signal is used to control the conduction of M2. At this time, a current is generated on the first primary winding 1221, and the current is A magnetic flux is generated in an iron core 1223 , so that the first primary winding 1221 and the second primary winding 1222 are electromagnetically connected, so that voltage is generated on both the second primary winding 1222 .
  • V11 is less than the second preset output voltage threshold V11_2
  • the second-stage controller 121 sends a second control signal of the first preset duration t2 to the first-stage controller 111, that is, the high-level first-stage controller enables can signal.
  • the first-level controller 111 switches from the shutdown state/sleeping state to the working state according to the received second control signal, and detects V11 within the first preset time period t2.
  • V11 is less than the second preset output voltage threshold V11_2
  • the first-stage controller 111 sends a pulse control signal to M1 according to the second preset frequency, and the pulse signal is used to control the conduction of M1, so that the first-stage power circuit 112 The output voltage starts to rise.
  • the first-stage controller 111 When V11 rises to the first preset output voltage threshold V11_1, the first-stage controller 111 enters frequency reduction or burst mode according to the loop or its own control law, thereby reducing the frequency of sending pulse control signals to M1, thereby reducing the first-stage Power consumption of the controller 111 and the first stage power circuit 112.
  • the second-level controller 121 detects the output voltage V11 of the first-level power circuit 112 at the first moment within the first preset time period t2, and V11 at the first moment is within the preset output voltage range (that is, the first When V11 at the moment is equal to or slightly lower than V11_1), the second preset duration t3 is determined as the first preset duration t2, wherein the second preset duration t3 is the preset interval between the first moment and the second moment interval length, the second moment is the moment when the second-level controller 121 stops sending the second control signal of the first preset duration to the first-level controller 111, and the second preset duration t3 is shorter than the first preset duration t2 by a predetermined period.
  • the second-level controller 121 can detect whether V11 is within the preset output voltage range at the moment before the second moment within the first preset time period t2, and if so, shorten the next time to the first-level controller.
  • the duration of sending the second control signal by 111 can effectively shorten the working duration of the second-stage controller 121 , reduce the power consumption of the cascode converter 1 , and improve the standby/light-load efficiency of the cascode converter 1 .
  • the output voltage V11 of the first-stage power circuit 112 is controlled to be greater than or equal to V11_1, so that the voltage stored on the bus capacitor C
  • the electric energy can be replenished in time to ensure that the output voltage V11 of the first-stage power circuit 112 is maintained within a certain range, so as to avoid cascading conversion due to the electric energy stored on the bus capacitor C not being replenished in time when the load suddenly increases.
  • the output voltage drop of the device 1 can effectively improve the ability to cope with sudden changes in the load.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the cascaded converter provided in the present application.
  • the cascaded converter 1 includes a first-level converter 11 and a second-level converter 12, the input terminal of the first-level converter 11 serves as the input terminal Vin of the cascaded converter 1, and the first-level converter The output end of the converter 11 is connected to the input end of the second-stage converter 12 , and the output end of the second-stage converter 12 is used as the output end of the cascaded converter 1 .
  • the first-stage converter 11 includes a first-stage controller 111 , a first-stage power circuit 112 and a bus capacitor C.
  • the first stage power circuit 112 is a Buck circuit, its input end is used as the input end of the first stage converter 11 , and its output end is used as the output end of the first stage converter 11 .
  • One end of the bus capacitor C is connected to the output end of the first stage power circuit 112, and the other end is connected to the reference ground.
  • the out11 end of the first-stage controller 111 is connected to the gate of the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor MOSFET M11 in the first-stage power circuit 112, and is used to control M11 to be turned on or off.
  • the second-stage converter 12 includes a second-stage controller 121 (ie, a primary-side controller), a voltage detection circuit 124 and a second isolated DC/DC circuit 125 .
  • the out12 terminal of the second-stage controller 121 is connected to the in11 terminal (ie, the enable terminal) of the first-stage controller 111 , and the output terminal of the second-stage controller 121 and the first-stage power circuit 112 share a ground.
  • the second isolated DC/DC circuit 125 is an isolated LLC resonant circuit, its input end is used as the input end of the second-stage converter 12, and its output end is used as the output end of the second-stage converter 12, that is, the cascaded converter 1 The output terminal Vout.
  • the out13 end of the second-stage controller 121 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET M12 in the second isolated DC/DC circuit 125, and is used to control M12 to be turned on or off.
  • the out14 end of the second-stage controller 121 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET M13 in the second isolated flyback circuit 125, and is used to control M13 to be turned on or off.
  • the second isolated DC/DC circuit 125 also includes a second iron core 1251, a primary winding 1252, a first secondary winding 1253 and a second secondary winding 1254, wherein the primary winding 1252, the first secondary winding 1253 and Both the second secondary windings 1254 are coupled to the second iron core 1251 .
  • the drain of M12 serves as the input terminal of the second isolated DC/DC circuit 125, and the two ends of the first secondary winding 1253 or the two ends of the second secondary winding 1254 serve as the output terminal of the second isolated DC/DC circuit 125 .
  • the voltage detection circuit 124 includes resistors R11 and R12, wherein R11 and R12 are connected in series and parallel to the bus capacitor C, and the connection between R11 and R12 is connected to the in12 terminal of the second-stage controller 121 .
  • M11 and M12 may also be bipolar junction transistors (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT), insulated gate bipolar transistors (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), etc., which are not limited in this application.
  • the second-stage controller 121 controls M12 to be in the conduction state. At this time, a current is generated on the primary winding 1252, and the current generates a magnetic flux in the second iron core 1251, so that The primary winding 1252 is in electromagnetic contact with the first secondary winding 1253 and the second secondary winding 1254 , so that voltages are generated on both the first secondary winding 1253 and the second secondary winding 1254 .
  • the second-stage controller 121 calculates the output power of the cascode converter 1 according to V11 and the preset mapping relationship between the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit and the output power of the cascode converter.
  • the cascode converter 1 may also include an optocoupler arranged between the output end of the second isolated DC/DC circuit 125 and the second-stage controller 121, and the second-stage controller 121 may also be determined by the optocoupler.
  • the output power of the cascode converter 1 please refer to the description of the corresponding part in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 for the specific implementation process, and details are not repeated here.
  • the second-stage controller 121 sends a first control signal to the first-stage controller 111 .
  • the first-stage controller 111 controls itself to be in an off state or a dormant state according to the received first control signal, thereby reducing the power consumption of the cascode converter 1 in the standby/light-load state, and improving the standby/light load state of the cascode converter 1. light load efficiency.
  • the first-stage controller 111 and the second-stage controller 121 are connected, compared to the prior art shown in FIG. In terms of light-load efficiency, there is no need to add additional optocouplers and signal conversion circuits, which can reduce equipment costs and reduce equipment volume, which is conducive to miniaturization and high-density design, and has strong applicability.
  • the second-stage controller 121 may detect the output voltage V11 of the first-stage power circuit 112 at a preset frequency or continuously. When V11 is less than the second preset output voltage threshold, the second-stage controller 121 sends a second control signal of a first preset duration to the first-stage controller 111 .
  • the first-level controller 111 switches from the off state/sleeping state to the working state according to the received second control signal, and detects V11 within a first preset time period.
  • V11 is less than the second preset output voltage threshold
  • the first-stage controller 111 sends a pulse control signal to M11 according to the second preset frequency, and the pulse signal is used to control the conduction of M11, so that the first-stage power circuit 112 The output voltage starts to rise.
  • the first-stage controller 111 When V11 rises to the first preset output voltage threshold, the first-stage controller 111 enters frequency reduction or burst mode according to the loop or its own control law, thereby reducing the frequency of sending pulse control signals to M11, thereby reducing the first-stage control The power consumption of the device 111 and the first stage power circuit 112.
  • the second-stage controller 121 detects the output voltage V11 of the first-stage power circuit 112 at the first moment within the first preset time period, and V11 at the first moment is within the preset output voltage range (that is, at the first moment V11 is equal to or slightly lower than the first preset voltage threshold), then the second preset duration is determined as the first preset duration, wherein the second preset duration is the preset time between the first moment and the second moment Set the interval length, the second moment is the moment when the second-level controller 121 stops sending the second control signal of the first preset duration to the first-level controller 111, and the second preset duration is less than the first preset duration. Interval duration.
  • counting starts when the second control signal is sent by the second-level controller 121, and when the time reaches the first preset duration, the second-level controller 121 sends the first control signal to the first-level controller 111 to control the first
  • the stage controller 111 is again in the off state/sleep state.
  • the second-level controller 121 can detect whether V11 is within the preset output voltage range at the moment before the second moment within the first preset time length, and if so, shorten the next transmission to the first-level controller 111.
  • the duration of sending the second control signal can effectively shorten the working duration of the second-stage controller 121 , reduce the power consumption of the cascode converter 1 , and improve the standby/light-load efficiency of the cascode converter 1 .
  • the output voltage V11 of the first-stage power circuit 112 is controlled to be greater than or equal to the first Preset the output voltage threshold, so that the electric energy stored on the bus capacitor C can be replenished in time, and ensure that the output voltage V11 of the first stage power circuit 112 is maintained within a certain range, so that when the load suddenly increases, due to the The stored electric energy cannot be replenished in time, which causes the output voltage of the cascode converter 1 to drop, thereby effectively improving the ability to cope with sudden changes in load.
  • first stage power circuit 112 in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 can also be any one of PFC circuit, AC/DC circuit and DC/DC circuit, and the Isolated DC/DC circuits include but are not limited to flyback isolated circuits, LLC resonant circuits, etc., which are not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a control method for a cascaded converter provided in the present application.
  • the cascaded converter control method provided in this application is applicable to the first-level controller 111 and the second-level controller 121 in the above-mentioned cascaded converters shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 , and the method includes steps:
  • the first-stage controller obtains the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit.
  • the second-level controller Before step S101 is executed, the second-level controller sends the first control signal.
  • the first-stage controller 111 controls itself to be in the off state according to the received first control signal, thereby reducing the power consumption of the cascode converter 1 in the standby/light-load state, and improving the standby/light-load efficiency of the cascode converter 1 .
  • the second-stage controller 121 can detect the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit 112 continuously or at a preset frequency, and when the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit 112 is lower than the second preset output voltage threshold, send the first-stage
  • the controller 111 sends a second control signal for a first preset duration, wherein the second preset output voltage threshold is smaller than the first preset output voltage threshold.
  • the first-stage controller 111 controls itself to be in an operating state according to the received second control signal, and obtains the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit 112 .
  • the first-stage controller controls the first-stage power circuit to be in a first working state according to the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit.
  • the output voltage of the first stage power circuit is greater than the first preset output voltage threshold.
  • the first-stage controller 111 controls the The conduction duration of the power transistor is controllable so that the output voltage of the first stage power circuit 111 is greater than the first preset output voltage threshold. It can be understood that after the first-stage controller 111 is in the off state, the second-stage controller 121 controls the first-stage controller to 111 is in working condition.
  • the first-stage controller 111 detects that the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit 112 is lower than the second preset output voltage threshold, it controls the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit 112 to be greater than or equal to the first preset output voltage threshold , so that the electric energy stored on the bus capacitor C can be replenished in time to ensure that the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit 112 is maintained within a certain range, thereby avoiding that when the load suddenly increases, the electric energy stored on the bus capacitor C cannot be obtained in time Supplementing the output voltage drop of the cascaded converter can effectively improve the ability to cope with sudden changes in the load.
  • the cascode converter can ensure that the output voltage of the first-stage power circuit remains greater than or equal to the first-stage power circuit by detecting and adjusting the output voltage
  • a range of preset output voltage thresholds can improve its ability to deal with sudden loads, thereby improving its stability when supplying power to loads, and has strong applicability.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

Convertisseur en cascade (1) et son procédé de commande. Le convertisseur en cascade (1) comprend un convertisseur de premier étage (11) et un convertisseur de second étage (12), le convertisseur de premier étage (11) comprenant un dispositif de commande de premier étage (111) et un circuit de puissance de premier étage (112). Une extrémité de sortie du circuit de puissance de premier étage (112) est connectée à une extrémité d'entrée du convertisseur de second étage (12), et est utilisée pour délivrer en sortie une tension à l'extrémité d'entrée du convertisseur de second étage (12) ; et le dispositif de commande de premier étage (111) acquiert une tension de sortie du circuit de puissance de premier étage (112), et commande la tension de sortie du circuit de puissance de premier étage (112) pour qu'elle soit supérieure ou égale à une première valeur seuil de tension de sortie prédéfinie. Lorsqu'un convertisseur en cascade (1) est dans un état de veille/sous-charge, une tension de sortie d'un circuit de puissance de premier étage (112) à l'intérieur de celui-ci est détectée et ajustée, de façon à s'assurer que la tension de sortie du circuit de puissance de premier étage (112) est maintenue dans une plage supérieure ou égale à une première valeur seuil de tension de sortie prédéfinie, de telle sorte que la capacité du convertisseur en cascade faisant face à une charge à changement brusque peut être améliorée, ce qui permet d'améliorer la stabilité du convertisseur en cascade lorsqu'il fournit de la puissance à la charge. Le convertisseur en cascade présente une bonne applicabilité.
PCT/CN2022/105510 2021-08-17 2022-07-13 Convertisseur en cascade et son procédé de commande WO2023020168A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110945447.6 2021-08-17
CN202110945447.6A CN113794379B (zh) 2021-08-17 2021-08-17 级联变换器及其控制方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023020168A1 true WO2023020168A1 (fr) 2023-02-23

Family

ID=78876148

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/105510 WO2023020168A1 (fr) 2021-08-17 2022-07-13 Convertisseur en cascade et son procédé de commande

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113794379B (fr)
WO (1) WO2023020168A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117277821A (zh) * 2023-11-17 2023-12-22 湖南北顺源智能科技有限公司 海底观测网的混合型高压直流电能变换器系统及控制方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113794379B (zh) * 2021-08-17 2024-04-09 华为数字能源技术有限公司 级联变换器及其控制方法
CN115208178B (zh) * 2022-07-01 2024-05-17 超聚变数字技术有限公司 级联变换器及其控制方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105515418A (zh) * 2014-10-08 2016-04-20 电力集成公司 用于轻负载的pfc停机电路
US20170054374A1 (en) * 2015-08-20 2017-02-23 On-Bright Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Systems and Methods for Regulating Power Conversion Systems Operating in Quasi-Resonant Mode
JP2019193412A (ja) * 2018-04-24 2019-10-31 ミツミ電機株式会社 直流電源装置
CN113794379A (zh) * 2021-08-17 2021-12-14 华为数字能源技术有限公司 级联变换器及其控制方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4193755B2 (ja) * 2004-06-04 2008-12-10 サンケン電気株式会社 スイッチング電源装置及び力率改善回路
KR101194485B1 (ko) * 2010-10-19 2012-10-24 삼성전기주식회사 가변 주파수 역률 제어 충전 장치
CN105657900B (zh) * 2016-02-26 2018-04-17 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 调光电路、控制电路和调光方法
CN107306087B (zh) * 2016-04-20 2019-07-02 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 一种双级转换器及其控制方法
CN106877672A (zh) * 2017-03-13 2017-06-20 成都芯源系统有限公司 谐振变换器及其方法
KR102423064B1 (ko) * 2017-05-02 2022-07-21 삼성전자주식회사 전력 변환 장치와 방법 및 그 장치를 이용하는 전자 장치
CN112117920B (zh) * 2019-06-20 2022-02-22 台达电子工业股份有限公司 电源供应器及其控制方法及电源供应系统

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105515418A (zh) * 2014-10-08 2016-04-20 电力集成公司 用于轻负载的pfc停机电路
US20170054374A1 (en) * 2015-08-20 2017-02-23 On-Bright Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Systems and Methods for Regulating Power Conversion Systems Operating in Quasi-Resonant Mode
JP2019193412A (ja) * 2018-04-24 2019-10-31 ミツミ電機株式会社 直流電源装置
CN113794379A (zh) * 2021-08-17 2021-12-14 华为数字能源技术有限公司 级联变换器及其控制方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117277821A (zh) * 2023-11-17 2023-12-22 湖南北顺源智能科技有限公司 海底观测网的混合型高压直流电能变换器系统及控制方法
CN117277821B (zh) * 2023-11-17 2024-02-06 湖南北顺源智能科技有限公司 海底观测网的混合型高压直流电能变换器系统及控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113794379B (zh) 2024-04-09
CN113794379A (zh) 2021-12-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2023020168A1 (fr) Convertisseur en cascade et son procédé de commande
US8369111B2 (en) Ultra low standby consumption in a high power power converter
US9118255B2 (en) Flyback power converter and electronic apparatus
CN103490605B (zh) 隔离式开关变换器及其控制器和控制方法
US11804780B2 (en) Multi-mode control method for active clamp flyback converter
US9577543B2 (en) Constant on time (COT) control in isolated converter
US9954455B2 (en) Constant on time COT control in isolated converter
EP3282571B1 (fr) Convertisseur de puissance à durée de maintien étendue
CN105610328A (zh) 开关模式电源的系统和方法
US11632055B2 (en) ACF converter, voltage conversion method, and electronic device
US20130343093A1 (en) Bidirectional dc-dc converter and power supply system
WO2021179900A1 (fr) Circuit d'alimentation électrique à commutation, et circuit de commande côté secondaire et procédé pour circuit d'alimentation électrique à commutation
TWI643425B (zh) 具低待機功耗之充電電源系統及其控制方法
US10270353B2 (en) Constant on-time (COT) control in isolated converter
US11984813B2 (en) Synchronous rectification control system and method for quasi-resonant flyback converter
CN201440636U (zh) 开关电源中功率开关管最大导通占空比的限制电路
TW200513013A (en) Active clamping circuit and power supply system using the same
WO2023197661A1 (fr) Dispositif de commande pour circuit de conversion en demi-pont asymétrique, et module de source d'alimentation et dispositif électronique
CN203491883U (zh) 隔离式开关变换器及其控制器
CN101588128A (zh) 驰返式电源转换器的控制电路及方法
CN102570834B (zh) 用于功率转换器的间歇切换的控制电路及方法
WO2023197660A1 (fr) Dispositif de commande pour circuit de conversion indirect à blocage actif, module de source d'alimentation et dispositif électronique
CN112910269A (zh) 一种次级侧脉宽调制及同步整流驱动电路以及驱动方法
CN115940661B (zh) 用于隔离变换器的mosfet分级驱动控制电路及控制方法
US20240162822A1 (en) Systems and methods for operation of asymmetric half-bridge flyback power converters

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22857481

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE