WO2023019776A1 - Pre-selecting and waste-discarding method for non-ferrous metal ores - Google Patents

Pre-selecting and waste-discarding method for non-ferrous metal ores Download PDF

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WO2023019776A1
WO2023019776A1 PCT/CN2021/131495 CN2021131495W WO2023019776A1 WO 2023019776 A1 WO2023019776 A1 WO 2023019776A1 CN 2021131495 W CN2021131495 W CN 2021131495W WO 2023019776 A1 WO2023019776 A1 WO 2023019776A1
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ore
qualified
ferrous metal
particle size
discarding
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PCT/CN2021/131495
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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沈新春
李平
李振飞
古吉汉
张婷
袁亚君
王强强
李秀珍
张文谱
陈世宁
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赣州有色冶金研究所有限公司
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Publication of WO2023019776A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023019776A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, in particular to a method for pre-selecting and discarding non-ferrous metal ores.
  • Non-ferrous metal ores refer to all metal ores except ferrous metal ores, including copper, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt, tungsten, tin and other heavy metal ores, aluminum and magnesium and other light metal ores, gold, silver, platinum and other precious metal ores and Rare metal minerals, rare earth metal minerals, etc. These minerals are indispensable to modern industry, agriculture, national defense and science and technology, and are widely used in various alloys, machinery, ships, electrical, military and civilian appliances, and are irreplaceable basic raw materials for high-tech development.
  • the pre-selection and discarding of the ore before the ore is put into the mill can realize the pre-enrichment of the selected ore, reduce the amount of ore selected, improve the grade of ore selected, reduce the cost of mineral processing, and improve economic benefits.
  • the methods for pre-selection and discarding of non-ferrous metal ore raw ores mainly include sorting (hand selection, machine selection) and jigging separation, but the accuracy of these two methods is not high, the amount of metal loss is large, and the recovery rate of non-ferrous metal ore Low.
  • the invention provides a non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method.
  • the method provided by the invention has high beneficiation accuracy rate, small metal loss and high recovery rate of non-ferrous metal ore.
  • a non-ferrous metal ore preselection discarding method comprising the following steps:
  • the crushing in the step (1) is crushing the raw non-ferrous metal ore to a particle size ⁇ 80mm.
  • the particle sizes of the first coarse ore and the first fine ore are respectively -80+12mm and -12+0.5mm.
  • the crushing in the step (3) is crushing the first rough concentrate to a particle size ⁇ 12mm.
  • the particle size of the second fine ore is -12+0.5mm.
  • the dense medium used in the dense medium beneficiation is ferrosilicon, magnetite, galena or pyrite.
  • the non-ferrous metal ore is wolframite, scheelite, black and white tungsten ore, lead-zinc ore, gold ore or copper ore.
  • the present invention also provides another non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method, comprising the following steps:
  • the non-ferrous metal ore After the non-ferrous metal ore is crushed, carry out the first screening and classification to obtain the first rough ore and the first qualified ore; the grain size of the first qualified ore is -12mm, and the grain size of the first rough ore is +12mm ;
  • the second sieving and classification is carried out to obtain qualified ore.
  • the present invention also provides another non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method, comprising the following steps:
  • the coarse ore is subjected to dense medium separation to obtain qualified ore; the particle size of the qualified ore is -0.5mm, and the particle size of the coarse ore is -12+0.5mm.
  • the invention provides a non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method.
  • the invention first obtains the first coarse ore, the first fine ore and the first qualified ore through crushing and first screening and classification, and the first coarse ore is sorted by intelligent ore Carry out pre-selection and discarding, remove the gangue tailings, and carry out the second screening and classification after the remaining first coarse concentrate is crushed to obtain the second fine ore and the second qualified ore, and finally the first fine ore and the second fine ore Dense media beneficiation is used to pre-select waste to further remove the gangue tailings, and the concentrate obtained from dense media beneficiation is qualified ore.
  • the pre-selection and discarding method provided by the present invention has high automation, high mineral processing accuracy, small metal loss, and high recovery rate of non-ferrous metal ores.
  • the amount of ore in the crushing and grinding operation helps to reduce the cost of energy consumption in subsequent processes such as grinding and sorting.
  • the pre-selection and discarding method provided by the present invention has no limitation on the type of ore and has a wide range of applications.
  • the present invention can also use intelligent ore sorting or dense medium sorting alone for pre-selection and discarding, and the process steps are simpler.
  • the results of the examples show that the discarding rate of the pre-selection discarding method provided by the present invention is 45-95%, and the recovery rate of the non-ferrous metal ore is over 90%.
  • Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of non-ferrous metal ore preselection throwing away method (method one) provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the process flow chart of the non-ferrous metal ore preselection discarding method (method two) provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a process flow chart of the non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method (method 3) provided by the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a kind of non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection discarding method (referred to as method one), comprising the following steps:
  • the first fine ore and the second fine ore are subjected to dense medium beneficiation to obtain concentrate and gangue tailings; the concentrate is the third qualified ore.
  • the raw ore of the non-ferrous metal ore is crushed and then first screened and classified to obtain the first coarse ore, the first fine ore and the first qualified ore.
  • the present invention has no special requirements on the non-ferrous metal ore, and the non-ferrous metal ore well known to those skilled in the art can be pre-selected and discarded using the method of the present invention.
  • the non-ferrous metal ore is preferably black Tungsten ore, scheelite, black and white tungsten ore, lead-zinc ore, gold or copper ore.
  • the particle size crushed in the step (1) is preferably adjusted according to the properties of the ore and the performance of the intelligent ore sorter, specifically, it can be determined by experiments according to methods well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the crushing is preferably crushing the raw non-ferrous metal ore to a particle size of ⁇ 80mm, more preferably ⁇ 70mm.
  • the sieve hole diameter of the first sieving and grading is preferably adjusted according to the properties of the ore and the performance change of the intelligent ore sorting machine. Specifically, it can be determined through experiments according to the distribution characteristics and particle size of the ore.
  • the grain size of the first qualified ore is -0.5mm
  • the grain size of the first coarse ore and the first fine ore are preferably -80+12mm and -12+0.5mm respectively .
  • the present invention performs intelligent ore sorting on the first rough ore to obtain the first rough concentrate and gangue tailings.
  • the intelligent ore sorting is preferably carried out by using a ray intelligent ore sorting machine; in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent ore sorting is specifically: firstly, the rough concentrate samples and waste rocks are manually selected Specimens, the qualified ore samples and waste rock samples are manually fed into the intelligent ore sorting machine for feature image information collection.
  • the ore is pre-selected and discarded; in the process of pre-selected and discarded, the first coarse ore is added to the feeding belt by the vibrating screen, and the ray detector and sensor of the intelligent ore sorting machine analyze whether the ore belongs to coarse concentrate or waste through signal processing. stone, and send sorting instruction information to eject the determined rough concentrate, so as to realize the separation of rough concentrate and waste rock.
  • the present invention has no special requirements on the specific parameters of the intelligent ray ore sorting. In the specific embodiment of the present invention, according to the type of ore, it can be carried out according to the conditions well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the first coarse ore can be classified or not classified before being intelligently sorted. Carry out intelligent ore sorting respectively, if do not carry out classification, then the first rough ore can be directly carried out intelligent ore sorting; Classification is based on the distribution characteristics and particle size of the minerals, and can be judged by the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention crushes the first rough concentrate and performs second screening and classification to obtain the second fine ore and the second qualified ore.
  • the crushing is preferably crushing the second coarse concentrate to a particle size smaller than or equal to the first fine ore, specifically preferably crushing to a particle size ⁇ 12 mm (ie -12 mm).
  • the aperture size of the classifying sieve for the second screening and classification is preferably selected according to the aperture of the classifying sieve for the first screening and grading, so that the particle diameters of the second fine ore and the first fine ore are consistent.
  • the particle size of the second fine ore is preferably -12+0.5 mm; the particle size of the second qualified ore is -0.5 mm.
  • the present invention performs dense medium ore dressing on the first fine ore and the second fine ore to obtain concentrate and gangue tailings; the concentrate is qualified ore.
  • the dense medium beneficiation is preferably carried out using a dense medium beneficiation machine; the dense medium used in the dense medium beneficiation is preferably ferrosilicon, magnetite, galena or pyrite.
  • the lower limit of the sorting granularity of the dense medium concentrator is preferably adjusted according to the type of dense medium.
  • the lower limit of the sorting granularity of the dense medium concentrator is preferably 0.5 mm;
  • the present invention has no special requirements on the specific operating parameters of the dense medium separation, and the operating parameters well known to those skilled in the art can be used.
  • the first qualified ore, the second qualified ore and the concentrated ore obtained from dense medium beneficiation are combined as the ore feed for crushing and grinding operations.
  • the present invention also provides another non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection and discarding method, which is denoted as method two, and is specifically introduced below:
  • Described method two comprises the following steps:
  • the raw ore of non-ferrous metal ore is crushed and then subjected to the first screening and classification to obtain the first rough ore and qualified ore.
  • the present invention has no special requirements on the type of the non-ferrous metal ore, and the preferred specific ore type is the same as the above-mentioned scheme, and will not be repeated here;
  • the crushed particle size is preferably adjusted according to the properties of the ore and the performance of the intelligent ore sorter, Specifically, it can be determined by experiments according to methods well known to those skilled in the art;
  • the grading sieve hole diameter of the first sieving and grading is preferably adjusted according to the ore properties and the performance change of the intelligent ore sorting machine, specifically according to the ore Inlay characteristics and grain size are determined experimentally.
  • the particle size of the first qualified ore is preferably -12mm, and the particle size of the first coarse ore is preferably +12mm.
  • the present invention carries out intelligent ore sorting to the first rough ore to obtain the first rough concentrate.
  • the specific process of the intelligent ore sorting is preferably consistent with the above scheme, and will not be repeated here.
  • the present invention crushes the first rough concentrate and then carries out the second screening and classification to obtain qualified ore.
  • the grading sieve aperture of the first sieving classification is preferably selected according to the grading sieve aperture of the first sieving classification, so that the particle diameters of the qualified ore and the first qualified ore are consistent; in specific embodiments of the present invention Among them, the particle size of the qualified ore is preferably -12mm.
  • the present invention also provides another non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection and discarding method, which is denoted as method three, and is specifically introduced below:
  • Described method three comprises the following steps:
  • the coarse ore is subjected to dense medium separation to obtain qualified ore.
  • the invention crushes the raw ore of the non-ferrous metal ore and performs screening and classification to obtain coarse ore and qualified ore.
  • the present invention has no special requirements on the type of the non-ferrous metal ore, and the preferred specific ore type is the same as the above-mentioned scheme, and will not be repeated here;
  • the crushed particle size is preferably adjusted according to the properties of the ore and the performance of the dense medium separator. Specifically, it can be determined by experiments according to methods well known to those skilled in the art;
  • the grading screen aperture for the sieving and grading is preferably adjusted according to the properties of the ore and the performance change of the dense medium separator, specifically according to the embedded distribution of the ore Characteristic and granularity are determined experimentally.
  • the particle size of the qualified ore is preferably -0.5 mm, and the particle size of the coarse ore is preferably -12+0.5 mm.
  • the present invention performs dense medium separation on the coarse ore to obtain qualified ore.
  • the specific method of sorting the dense media is preferably consistent with the above solution, and will not be repeated here.
  • Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection and discarding method (method one) provided by the present invention, wherein earlier raw ore is carried out pretreatment (being crushing and the first screening classification), obtains +12mm, -12+0.5mm And -0.5mm grain grade ore, of which -0.5mm grain grade ore is regarded as qualified ore, and +12mm grain grade ore is pre-selected and discarded in the intelligent ore sorting machine to obtain the first coarse concentrate and gangue tailings, the first Coarse concentrate is subjected to ore pretreatment (that is, crushing and second screening and classification) to obtain -12+0.5mm grain size ore and -0.5mm grain size ore, of which -0.5mm grain size ore is regarded as qualified ore, the first classification and The -12+0.5mm grain grade ore obtained in the second classification enters the dense medium concentrator for pre-selection and discarding, and the obtained concentrate is qualified ore.
  • pretreatment being crushing and the first
  • Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the non-ferrous metal ore preselection discarding method (method two) provided by the present invention, wherein earlier raw ore is carried out pretreatment (being crushing and the 1st screening classification), obtains +12mm and-12mm particle grade Ore, wherein -12mm ore is regarded as qualified ore, and +12mm ore is sorted by intelligent ore to obtain the first coarse concentrate and gangue tailings, and the first coarse concentrate is pretreated (i.e. crushing and second screening classification ) to obtain qualified ore.
  • method two the process flow diagram of the non-ferrous metal ore preselection discarding method (method two) provided by the present invention, wherein earlier raw ore is carried out pretreatment (being crushing and the 1st screening classification), obtains +12mm and-12mm particle grade Ore, wherein -12mm ore is regarded as qualified ore, and +12mm ore is sorted by intelligent ore to obtain the first coarse concentrate and gangue tailings, and the first coarse concentrate is pretreated (
  • Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection and discarding method (method three) provided by the present invention, wherein earlier the raw ore is carried out pretreatment (i.e. crushing and sieving classification) to obtain -12mm+0.5mm and -0.5mm particles Grade ore, of which -0.5mm grain grade ore is regarded as qualified ore, and -12mm+0.5mm grain grade ore is subjected to dense medium separation to obtain qualified ore and gangue tailings.
  • pretreatment i.e. crushing and sieving classification
  • step (3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
  • the qualified ore obtained after the above-mentioned pre-selection and discarding contains 3.29% WO 3 , the discarding rate is 91.30%, and the recovery rate is 92.63%.
  • step (3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
  • the qualified ore obtained after the above-mentioned pre-selection and discarding contains 3.08% WO 3 , the discarding rate is 92.7%, and the recovery rate is 91.77%.
  • step (3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
  • the qualified ore obtained after the above-mentioned pre-selection and discarding contains 2.91% WO 3 , the discarding rate is 93.40%, and the recovery rate is 90.59%.
  • step (3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
  • the qualified ore obtained after the above-mentioned pre-selection and discarding contains 0.36% WO 3 , the discarding rate is 54.40%, and the recovery rate is 91.20%.
  • the copper ore containing Cu 0.45% is pre-selected and discarded, and the steps are as follows:
  • step (3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
  • the qualified ore contains 0.79% Cu, the discarding rate is 47.49%, and the recovery rate is 92.180%.
  • the lead-zinc ore containing Pb 0.148% and Zn 2.39% is pre-selected and discarded, and the steps are as follows:
  • step (3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
  • the qualified ore contains 0.234% Pb and 3.74% Zn, the discarding rate is 39.12%, and the recovery rates of lead and zinc are 96.26% and 95.27%, respectively.
  • step (3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
  • the qualified ore contained Au 1.51g/t, the discarding rate was 51.41%, and the recovery rate was 90.58%.
  • the method provided by the present invention has a high recovery rate, a high discarding rate, and a wide range of applications.

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, and provides a pre-selecting and waste-discarding method for non-ferrous metal ores. According to the present invention, the method comprises: firstly, carrying out crushing and primary screening and classification to obtain a first coarse ore, a first fine ore and a first qualified ore; subjecting the first coarse ore to pre-selecting and waste discarding by means of intelligent ore sorting to remove gangue tailings therein; crushing a remaining first rough concentrate and then subjecting same to secondary screening and classification to obtain a second fine ore and a second qualified ore; and finally, subjecting the first fine ore and the second fine ore to pre-selecting and waste discarding by means of heavy-medium separation to further remove gangue tailings therein, wherein the concentrate obtained by means of the heavy-medium separation is a qualified ore. In addition, the intelligent ore sorting or the heavy-medium separation may be further used alone for pre-selecting and waste-discarding in the present invention, making process steps simpler. The method provided in the present invention has a high automation degree, high ore dressing accuracy, a high non-ferrous metal ore recovery rate, a high waste discarding rate and no limitation on the types of ores, and is widely applicable.

Description

有色金属矿预选抛废方法Pre-selection and discarding method of non-ferrous metal ore
本申请要求于2021年08月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110958593.2、发明名称为“一种有色金属矿预选抛废方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application submitted to the China Patent Office on August 20, 2021, with the application number 202110958593.2 and the title of the invention "a method for pre-selecting and discarding non-ferrous metal ores", the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. Applying.
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及选矿技术领域，尤其涉及有色金属矿预选抛废方法。The invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, in particular to a method for pre-selecting and discarding non-ferrous metal ores.
背景技术Background technique
有色金属矿是指除黑色金属矿以外的所有金属矿，包括铜、铅、锌、镍、钴、钨、锡等重金属矿产，铝、镁等轻金属矿差，金、银、铂等贵金属矿产以及稀有金属矿产、稀土金属矿产等。这些矿产是现代工业、农业、国防和科学技术不可缺少的，广泛用于各种合金、机械、船舶、电气、军工以及民用器具上，是高科技发展所不可替代的基本原料。Non-ferrous metal ores refer to all metal ores except ferrous metal ores, including copper, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt, tungsten, tin and other heavy metal ores, aluminum and magnesium and other light metal ores, gold, silver, platinum and other precious metal ores and Rare metal minerals, rare earth metal minerals, etc. These minerals are indispensable to modern industry, agriculture, national defense and science and technology, and are widely used in various alloys, machinery, ships, electrical, military and civilian appliances, and are irreplaceable basic raw materials for high-tech development.
随着对有色金属矿产资源的长期大规模开发利用，大部分矿山企业都面临资源贫化、品位下降等问题。在矿石入磨前提前对矿石进行预选抛废，可以实现入选矿石的预先富集，减少矿石入选量，提高矿石入选品位，降低选矿成本，提高经济效益。With the long-term large-scale development and utilization of non-ferrous metal mineral resources, most mining enterprises are facing problems such as resource depletion and grade decline. The pre-selection and discarding of the ore before the ore is put into the mill can realize the pre-enrichment of the selected ore, reduce the amount of ore selected, improve the grade of ore selected, reduce the cost of mineral processing, and improve economic benefits.
目前，对有色金属矿原矿进行预选抛废的方法主要有拣选(手选、机选)和跳汰分选，但是这两种方法精确性不高，金属流失量大，有色金属矿的回收率低。At present, the methods for pre-selection and discarding of non-ferrous metal ore raw ores mainly include sorting (hand selection, machine selection) and jigging separation, but the accuracy of these two methods is not high, the amount of metal loss is large, and the recovery rate of non-ferrous metal ore Low.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明提供了有色金属矿预选抛废方法。本发明提供的方法选矿精确率高，金属损失小，有色金属矿的回收率高。In view of this, the invention provides a non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method. The method provided by the invention has high beneficiation accuracy rate, small metal loss and high recovery rate of non-ferrous metal ore.
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种有色金属矿预选抛废方法，包括以下步骤：A non-ferrous metal ore preselection discarding method, comprising the following steps:
(1)将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行第一筛分分级，得到第一粗矿、第一细矿和第一合格矿；所述第一合格矿的粒径≤0.5mm；所述第一细矿的粒径＞0.5mm；(1) After crushing the raw ore of non-ferrous metal ore, carry out the first screening and classification to obtain the first coarse ore, the first fine ore and the first qualified ore; the particle size of the first qualified ore is ≤0.5mm; the first Fine ore particle size > 0.5mm;
(2)将所述第一粗矿进行智能矿石分选，得到第一粗精矿和脉石尾矿；(2) performing intelligent ore sorting on the first rough ore to obtain the first rough concentrate and gangue tailings;
(3)将所述第一粗精矿破碎后进行第二筛分分级，得到第二细矿和第二合格矿；所述第二合格矿的粒径≤0.5mm；所述第二细矿的粒径＞0.5mm；(3) After crushing the first coarse concentrate, carry out the second screening and classification to obtain the second fine ore and the second qualified ore; the particle size of the second qualified ore is ≤0.5mm; the second fine ore Particle size > 0.5mm;
(4)将所述第一细矿和第二细矿进行重介质选矿，得到精矿和脉石尾矿；所述精矿为合格矿。(4) performing dense medium ore dressing on the first fine ore and the second fine ore to obtain concentrate and gangue tailings; the concentrate is qualified ore.
优选的，所述步骤(1)中的破碎为将有色金属矿原矿破碎至粒径≤80mm。Preferably, the crushing in the step (1) is crushing the raw non-ferrous metal ore to a particle size ≤ 80mm.
优选的，所述第一粗矿和第一细矿的粒级分别为-80+12mm和-12+0.5mm。Preferably, the particle sizes of the first coarse ore and the first fine ore are respectively -80+12mm and -12+0.5mm.
优选的，所述步骤(3)中的破碎为将第一粗精矿破碎至粒径≤12mm。Preferably, the crushing in the step (3) is crushing the first rough concentrate to a particle size ≤ 12mm.
优选的，所述第二细矿的粒级为-12+0.5mm。Preferably, the particle size of the second fine ore is -12+0.5mm.
优选的，所述重介质选矿中使用的重介质为硅铁、磁铁矿、方铅矿或黄铁矿。Preferably, the dense medium used in the dense medium beneficiation is ferrosilicon, magnetite, galena or pyrite.
优选的，所述有色金属矿为黑钨矿、白钨矿、黑白钨共生矿、铅锌矿、金矿或铜矿。Preferably, the non-ferrous metal ore is wolframite, scheelite, black and white tungsten ore, lead-zinc ore, gold ore or copper ore.
本发明还提供了另一种有色金属矿预选抛废方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides another non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method, comprising the following steps:
将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行第I筛分分级，得到第I粗矿和第I合格矿；所述第I合格矿的粒级为-12mm，所述第I粗矿的粒级为+12mm；After the non-ferrous metal ore is crushed, carry out the first screening and classification to obtain the first rough ore and the first qualified ore; the grain size of the first qualified ore is -12mm, and the grain size of the first rough ore is +12mm ;
将所述第I粗矿进行智能矿石分选，得到第I粗精矿；Carrying out intelligent ore sorting to the first rough ore to obtain the first rough ore concentrate;
将所述第I粗精矿破碎后进行第II筛分分级，得到合格矿。After the first rough concentrate is crushed, the second sieving and classification is carried out to obtain qualified ore.
本发明还提供了另一种有色金属矿预选抛废方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides another non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method, comprising the following steps:
将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行筛分分级，得到粗矿和合格矿；After the raw ore of non-ferrous metal ore is crushed, it is screened and classified to obtain coarse ore and qualified ore;
将所述粗矿进行重介质分选，得到合格矿；所述合格矿的粒级为-0.5mm，所述粗矿的粒级为-12+0.5mm。The coarse ore is subjected to dense medium separation to obtain qualified ore; the particle size of the qualified ore is -0.5mm, and the particle size of the coarse ore is -12+0.5mm.
本发明提供了一种有色金属矿预选抛废方法，本发明首先通过破碎和第一筛分分级得到第一粗矿、第一细矿和第一合格矿，第一粗矿通过智能矿石分选进行预选抛废，去除其中的脉石尾矿，剩余的第一粗精矿破碎后进行第二筛分分级，得到第二细矿和第二合格矿，最后将第一细矿和第二 细矿通过重介质选矿进行预选抛废，进一步去除其中的脉石尾矿，重介质选矿所得精矿为合格矿。本发明提供的预选抛废方法自动化程度高，选矿精确性高，金属流失量小，有色金属矿的回收率高，本发明提供的方法能够提前抛去大量尾矿，抛废率高，减少进入碎磨作业的矿量，有助于降低后续的磨矿、分选等工序的能耗的成本。并且本发明提供的预选抛废方法对矿石种类没有限制，适用范围广。The invention provides a non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method. The invention first obtains the first coarse ore, the first fine ore and the first qualified ore through crushing and first screening and classification, and the first coarse ore is sorted by intelligent ore Carry out pre-selection and discarding, remove the gangue tailings, and carry out the second screening and classification after the remaining first coarse concentrate is crushed to obtain the second fine ore and the second qualified ore, and finally the first fine ore and the second fine ore Dense media beneficiation is used to pre-select waste to further remove the gangue tailings, and the concentrate obtained from dense media beneficiation is qualified ore. The pre-selection and discarding method provided by the present invention has high automation, high mineral processing accuracy, small metal loss, and high recovery rate of non-ferrous metal ores. The amount of ore in the crushing and grinding operation helps to reduce the cost of energy consumption in subsequent processes such as grinding and sorting. Moreover, the pre-selection and discarding method provided by the present invention has no limitation on the type of ore and has a wide range of applications.
此外，本发明还可以单独使用智能矿石分选或重介质分选进行预选抛废，工艺步骤更加简单。In addition, the present invention can also use intelligent ore sorting or dense medium sorting alone for pre-selection and discarding, and the process steps are simpler.
实施例结果表明，本发明提供的预选抛废方法的抛废率为45～95％，有色金属矿的回收率为90％以上。The results of the examples show that the discarding rate of the pre-selection discarding method provided by the present invention is 45-95%, and the recovery rate of the non-ferrous metal ore is over 90%.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的有色金属矿预选抛废方法(方法一)的工艺流程图；Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of non-ferrous metal ore preselection throwing away method (method one) provided by the present invention;
图2为本发明提供的有色金属矿预选抛废方法(方法二)的工艺流程图；Fig. 2 is the process flow chart of the non-ferrous metal ore preselection discarding method (method two) provided by the present invention;
图3为本发明提供的有色金属矿预选抛废方法(方法三)的工艺流程图。Fig. 3 is a process flow chart of the non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method (method 3) provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明提供了一种有色金属矿预选抛废方法(记为方法一)，包括以下步骤：The present invention provides a kind of non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection discarding method (referred to as method one), comprising the following steps:
(1)将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行第一分级，得到第一粗矿、第一细矿和第一合格矿；所述第一合格矿的粒径≤0.5mm；所述第一细矿的粒径＞0.5mm；(1) After crushing the raw ore of non-ferrous metal ore, carry out the first classification to obtain the first coarse ore, the first fine ore and the first qualified ore; the particle size of the first qualified ore is ≤0.5mm; the first fine ore Particle size > 0.5mm;
(2)将所述第一粗矿进行智能矿石分选，得到第一粗精矿和脉石尾矿；(2) performing intelligent ore sorting on the first rough ore to obtain the first rough concentrate and gangue tailings;
(3)将所述第一粗精矿破碎后进行第二分级，得到第二细矿和第二合格矿；所述第二合格矿的粒径≤0.5mm；所述第二细矿的粒径＞0.5mm；(3) After crushing the first coarse concentrate, carry out the second classification to obtain the second fine ore and the second qualified ore; the particle diameter of the second qualified ore is ≤0.5mm; the particle size of the second fine ore is Diameter > 0.5mm;
(4)将所述第一细矿和第二细矿进行重介质选矿，得到精矿和脉石尾矿；所述精矿为第三合格矿。(4) The first fine ore and the second fine ore are subjected to dense medium beneficiation to obtain concentrate and gangue tailings; the concentrate is the third qualified ore.
本发明将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行第一筛分分级，得到第一粗矿、 第一细矿和第一合格矿。本发明对所述有色金属矿没有特殊要求，本领域技术人员熟知的有色金属矿均可以使用本发明的方法进行预选抛废，在本发明的具体实施例中，所述有色金属矿优选为黑钨矿、白钨矿、黑白钨共生矿、铅锌矿、金矿或铜矿。In the invention, the raw ore of the non-ferrous metal ore is crushed and then first screened and classified to obtain the first coarse ore, the first fine ore and the first qualified ore. The present invention has no special requirements on the non-ferrous metal ore, and the non-ferrous metal ore well known to those skilled in the art can be pre-selected and discarded using the method of the present invention. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the non-ferrous metal ore is preferably black Tungsten ore, scheelite, black and white tungsten ore, lead-zinc ore, gold or copper ore.
在本发明中，所述步骤(1)中破碎的粒度优选根据矿石性质和智能矿石分选机的性能进行调整，具体根据本领域技术人员熟知的方法采用实验进行确定即可，在本发明的具体实施例中，所述破碎优选为将有色金属矿原矿破碎至粒径≤80mm，更优选≤70mm。In the present invention, the particle size crushed in the step (1) is preferably adjusted according to the properties of the ore and the performance of the intelligent ore sorter, specifically, it can be determined by experiments according to methods well known to those skilled in the art. In the present invention In a specific embodiment, the crushing is preferably crushing the raw non-ferrous metal ore to a particle size of ≤80mm, more preferably ≤70mm.
在本发明中，所述第一筛分分级的分级筛孔孔径优选根据矿石性质和智能矿石分选机的性能变化进行调整，具体可以根据矿石的嵌布特征和粒度，通过实验进行确定。在本发明的具体实施例中，所述第一合格矿的粒级为-0.5mm，所述第一粗矿和第一细矿的粒级分别优选为-80+12mm和-12+0.5mm。In the present invention, the sieve hole diameter of the first sieving and grading is preferably adjusted according to the properties of the ore and the performance change of the intelligent ore sorting machine. Specifically, it can be determined through experiments according to the distribution characteristics and particle size of the ore. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the grain size of the first qualified ore is -0.5mm, and the grain size of the first coarse ore and the first fine ore are preferably -80+12mm and -12+0.5mm respectively .
得到第一粗矿后，本发明将所述第一粗矿进行智能矿石分选，得到第一粗精矿和脉石尾矿。在本发明中，所述智能矿石分选优选采用射线智能矿石分选机进行；在本发明的具体实施例中，所述智能矿石分选具体为：首先人工挑选出粗精矿标本和废石标本，将合格矿标本和废石标本人工给入智能矿石分选机进行特征图像信息采集，智能矿石分选机根据采集到的特征图像信息建立分选模型，再根据分选模型对第一粗矿进行预选抛废；在预选抛废过程中，将第一粗矿由振动筛加到给料皮带上，智能矿石分选机的射线探测器和传感器通过信号处理分析矿石属于粗精矿还是废石，并发出分选指令信息，将判定的粗精矿喷出，从而实现将粗精矿与废石分离。本发明对所述智能射线矿石分选的具体参数没有特殊要求，在本发明的具体实施例中，根据矿石的种类，按照本领域技术人员熟知的条件进行即可。After the first rough ore is obtained, the present invention performs intelligent ore sorting on the first rough ore to obtain the first rough concentrate and gangue tailings. In the present invention, the intelligent ore sorting is preferably carried out by using a ray intelligent ore sorting machine; in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent ore sorting is specifically: firstly, the rough concentrate samples and waste rocks are manually selected Specimens, the qualified ore samples and waste rock samples are manually fed into the intelligent ore sorting machine for feature image information collection. The ore is pre-selected and discarded; in the process of pre-selected and discarded, the first coarse ore is added to the feeding belt by the vibrating screen, and the ray detector and sensor of the intelligent ore sorting machine analyze whether the ore belongs to coarse concentrate or waste through signal processing. stone, and send sorting instruction information to eject the determined rough concentrate, so as to realize the separation of rough concentrate and waste rock. The present invention has no special requirements on the specific parameters of the intelligent ray ore sorting. In the specific embodiment of the present invention, according to the type of ore, it can be carried out according to the conditions well known to those skilled in the art.
在本发明的具体实施例中，根据矿石的性质，所述第一粗矿在进行智能分选前，可以选择进行分级或不进行分级，若进行分级，则将分级所得不同粒径尺寸的矿石分别进行智能矿石分选，若不进行分级，则将第一粗矿直接进行智能矿石分选即可；在本发明的具体实施例中，所述第一粗矿在进行智能矿石分选前是否进行分级根据矿物的嵌布特征和粒度，采用本领域技术人员的公知常识进行判断即可。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, according to the nature of the ore, the first coarse ore can be classified or not classified before being intelligently sorted. Carry out intelligent ore sorting respectively, if do not carry out classification, then the first rough ore can be directly carried out intelligent ore sorting; Classification is based on the distribution characteristics and particle size of the minerals, and can be judged by the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.
得到第一粗精矿后，本发明将所述第一粗精矿破碎后进行第二筛分分级，得到第二细矿和第二合格矿。在本发明中，所述破碎优选为将第二粗精矿破碎至粒径小于等于第一细矿的粒级，具体优选为破碎至粒径≤12mm(即-12mm)。在本发明中，所述第二筛分分级的分级筛孔径优选根据第一筛分分级的分级筛孔径进行选择，使第二细矿和第一细矿的粒径一致。在本发明的具体实施例中，所述第二细矿的粒级优选为-12+0.5mm；所述第二合格矿的粒级为-0.5mm。After the first rough concentrate is obtained, the present invention crushes the first rough concentrate and performs second screening and classification to obtain the second fine ore and the second qualified ore. In the present invention, the crushing is preferably crushing the second coarse concentrate to a particle size smaller than or equal to the first fine ore, specifically preferably crushing to a particle size ≤ 12 mm (ie -12 mm). In the present invention, the aperture size of the classifying sieve for the second screening and classification is preferably selected according to the aperture of the classifying sieve for the first screening and grading, so that the particle diameters of the second fine ore and the first fine ore are consistent. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the second fine ore is preferably -12+0.5 mm; the particle size of the second qualified ore is -0.5 mm.
得到第二细矿后，本发明将所述第一细矿和第二细矿进行重介质选矿，得到精矿和脉石尾矿；所述精矿为合格矿。在本发明中，所述重介质选矿优选使用重介质选矿机进行；所述重介质选矿中使用的重介质优选为硅铁、磁铁矿、方铅矿或黄铁矿。在本发明中，所述重介质选矿机的选别粒度下限优选根据重介质的种类进行调整，在本发明的具体实施例中，所述重介质选矿机的选别粒度下限优选为0.5mm；本发明对所述重介质分选的具体操作参数没有特殊要求，采用本领域技术人员熟知的操作参数即可。After the second fine ore is obtained, the present invention performs dense medium ore dressing on the first fine ore and the second fine ore to obtain concentrate and gangue tailings; the concentrate is qualified ore. In the present invention, the dense medium beneficiation is preferably carried out using a dense medium beneficiation machine; the dense medium used in the dense medium beneficiation is preferably ferrosilicon, magnetite, galena or pyrite. In the present invention, the lower limit of the sorting granularity of the dense medium concentrator is preferably adjusted according to the type of dense medium. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the lower limit of the sorting granularity of the dense medium concentrator is preferably 0.5 mm; The present invention has no special requirements on the specific operating parameters of the dense medium separation, and the operating parameters well known to those skilled in the art can be used.
在本发明的具体实施例中，将第一合格矿、第二合格矿和重介质选矿所得精矿合并，作为碎磨作业的给矿。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first qualified ore, the second qualified ore and the concentrated ore obtained from dense medium beneficiation are combined as the ore feed for crushing and grinding operations.
本发明还提供了另一种有色金属矿预选抛废方法，记为方法二，下面进行具体介绍：The present invention also provides another non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection and discarding method, which is denoted as method two, and is specifically introduced below:
所述方法二包括以下步骤：Described method two comprises the following steps:
将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行第I筛分分级，得到第I粗矿和第I合格矿；Carry out the first screening and grading after the raw ore of non-ferrous metal ore is crushed, and obtain the first rough ore and the first qualified ore;
将所述第I粗矿进行智能矿石分选，得到第I粗精矿；Carrying out intelligent ore sorting to the first rough ore to obtain the first rough ore concentrate;
将所述第I粗精矿破碎后进行第II筛分分级，得到第II合格矿。After crushing the first coarse concentrate, carry out the second screening and classification to obtain the second qualified ore.
本发明将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行第I筛分分级，得到第I粗矿和合格矿。本发明对所述有色金属矿的种类没有特殊要求，优选的具体矿石种类和上述方案相同，在此不再赘述；所述破碎的粒度优选根据矿石性质和智能矿石分选机的性能进行调整，具体根据本领域技术人员熟知的方法采用实验进行确定即可；所述第I筛分分级用的分级筛孔孔径优选根据矿石性质和智能矿石分选机的性能变化进行调整，具体可以根据矿石的嵌布 特征和粒度，通过实验进行确定。在本发明的具体实施例中，所述第I合格矿的粒级优选为-12mm，所述第I粗矿的粒级优选为+12mm。In the present invention, the raw ore of non-ferrous metal ore is crushed and then subjected to the first screening and classification to obtain the first rough ore and qualified ore. The present invention has no special requirements on the type of the non-ferrous metal ore, and the preferred specific ore type is the same as the above-mentioned scheme, and will not be repeated here; the crushed particle size is preferably adjusted according to the properties of the ore and the performance of the intelligent ore sorter, Specifically, it can be determined by experiments according to methods well known to those skilled in the art; the grading sieve hole diameter of the first sieving and grading is preferably adjusted according to the ore properties and the performance change of the intelligent ore sorting machine, specifically according to the ore Inlay characteristics and grain size are determined experimentally. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the first qualified ore is preferably -12mm, and the particle size of the first coarse ore is preferably +12mm.
得到第I粗矿后，本发明将所述第I粗矿进行智能矿石分选，得到第I粗精矿。在本发明中，所述智能矿石分选的具体过程优选和上述方案一致，在此不再赘述。After obtaining the first rough ore, the present invention carries out intelligent ore sorting to the first rough ore to obtain the first rough concentrate. In the present invention, the specific process of the intelligent ore sorting is preferably consistent with the above scheme, and will not be repeated here.
得到第I粗精矿后，本发明将所述第I粗精矿破碎后进行第II筛分分级，得到合格矿。在本发明中，所述第I筛分分级的分级筛孔径优选根据第I筛分分级的分级筛孔径进行选择，使合格矿和第I合格矿的粒径一致；在本发明的具体实施例中，所述合格矿的粒级优选为-12mm。After the first rough concentrate is obtained, the present invention crushes the first rough concentrate and then carries out the second screening and classification to obtain qualified ore. In the present invention, the grading sieve aperture of the first sieving classification is preferably selected according to the grading sieve aperture of the first sieving classification, so that the particle diameters of the qualified ore and the first qualified ore are consistent; in specific embodiments of the present invention Among them, the particle size of the qualified ore is preferably -12mm.
本发明还提供了另一种有色金属矿预选抛废方法，记为方法三，下面进行具体介绍：The present invention also provides another non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection and discarding method, which is denoted as method three, and is specifically introduced below:
所述方法三包括以下步骤：Described method three comprises the following steps:
将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行筛分分级，得到粗矿和合格矿；After the raw ore of non-ferrous metal ore is crushed, it is screened and classified to obtain coarse ore and qualified ore;
将所述粗矿进行重介质分选，得到合格矿。The coarse ore is subjected to dense medium separation to obtain qualified ore.
本发明将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行筛分分级，得到粗矿和合格矿。本发明对所述有色金属矿的种类没有特殊要求，优选的具体矿石种类和上述方案相同，在此不再赘述；所述破碎的粒度优选根据矿石性质和重介质分选机的性能进行调整，具体根据本领域技术人员熟知的方法采用实验进行确定即可；所述筛分分级用的分级筛孔孔径优选根据矿石性质和重介质分选机的性能变化进行调整，具体可以根据矿石的嵌布特征和粒度，通过实验进行确定。在本发明的具体实施例中，所述合格矿的粒级优选为-0.5mm，所述粗矿的粒级优选为-12+0.5mm。The invention crushes the raw ore of the non-ferrous metal ore and performs screening and classification to obtain coarse ore and qualified ore. The present invention has no special requirements on the type of the non-ferrous metal ore, and the preferred specific ore type is the same as the above-mentioned scheme, and will not be repeated here; the crushed particle size is preferably adjusted according to the properties of the ore and the performance of the dense medium separator. Specifically, it can be determined by experiments according to methods well known to those skilled in the art; the grading screen aperture for the sieving and grading is preferably adjusted according to the properties of the ore and the performance change of the dense medium separator, specifically according to the embedded distribution of the ore Characteristic and granularity are determined experimentally. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the qualified ore is preferably -0.5 mm, and the particle size of the coarse ore is preferably -12+0.5 mm.
得到粗矿后，本发明将所述粗矿进行重介质分选，得到合格矿。在本发明中，所述重介质分选的具体方法优选和上述方案一致，在此不再赘述。After the coarse ore is obtained, the present invention performs dense medium separation on the coarse ore to obtain qualified ore. In the present invention, the specific method of sorting the dense media is preferably consistent with the above solution, and will not be repeated here.
下面将结合本发明中的实施例，对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
图1为本发明提供的有色金属矿预选抛废方法(方法一)的工艺流程图，其中先将原矿进行预处理(即破碎和第一筛分分级)，得到+12mm、 -12+0.5mm和-0.5mm粒级的矿石，其中-0.5mm粒级矿石作为合格矿，+12mm粒级矿石进行智能矿石分选机中进行预选抛废，得到第一粗精矿和脉石尾矿，第一粗精矿进行矿石预处理(即破碎和第二筛分分级)，得到-12+0.5mm粒级矿石和-0.5mm粒级矿石，其中-0.5mm粒级矿石作为合格矿，第一分级和第二分级得到的-12+0.5mm粒级矿石进入重介质选矿机进行预选抛废，所得精矿为合格矿。Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection and discarding method (method one) provided by the present invention, wherein earlier raw ore is carried out pretreatment (being crushing and the first screening classification), obtains +12mm, -12+0.5mm And -0.5mm grain grade ore, of which -0.5mm grain grade ore is regarded as qualified ore, and +12mm grain grade ore is pre-selected and discarded in the intelligent ore sorting machine to obtain the first coarse concentrate and gangue tailings, the first Coarse concentrate is subjected to ore pretreatment (that is, crushing and second screening and classification) to obtain -12+0.5mm grain size ore and -0.5mm grain size ore, of which -0.5mm grain size ore is regarded as qualified ore, the first classification and The -12+0.5mm grain grade ore obtained in the second classification enters the dense medium concentrator for pre-selection and discarding, and the obtained concentrate is qualified ore.
图2为本发明提供的有色金属矿预选抛废方法(方法二)的工艺流程图，其中先将原矿进行预处理(即破碎和第I筛分分级)，得到+12mm和-12mm粒级的矿石，其中-12mm粒级的矿石作为合格矿，+12mm矿石经智能矿石分选，得到第I粗精矿和脉石尾矿，第一粗精矿进行预处理(即破碎和第II筛分分级)后得到合格矿。Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the non-ferrous metal ore preselection discarding method (method two) provided by the present invention, wherein earlier raw ore is carried out pretreatment (being crushing and the 1st screening classification), obtains +12mm and-12mm particle grade Ore, wherein -12mm ore is regarded as qualified ore, and +12mm ore is sorted by intelligent ore to obtain the first coarse concentrate and gangue tailings, and the first coarse concentrate is pretreated (i.e. crushing and second screening classification ) to obtain qualified ore.
图3为本发明提供的有色金属矿预选抛废方法(方法三)的工艺流程图，其中先将原矿进行预处理(即破碎和筛分分级)，得到-12mm+0.5mm和-0.5mm粒级的矿石，其中-0.5mm粒级矿石作为合格矿，-12mm+0.5mm粒级矿石进行重介质分选，得到合格矿和脉石尾矿。Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection and discarding method (method three) provided by the present invention, wherein earlier the raw ore is carried out pretreatment (i.e. crushing and sieving classification) to obtain -12mm+0.5mm and -0.5mm particles Grade ore, of which -0.5mm grain grade ore is regarded as qualified ore, and -12mm+0.5mm grain grade ore is subjected to dense medium separation to obtain qualified ore and gangue tailings.
实施例1Example 1
对含WO 30.309％的黑钨矿原矿进行预选抛废，步骤如下： To pre-select and discard the wolframite raw ore containing 0.309% WO 3 , the steps are as follows:
(1)将黑钨矿原矿破碎至-80mm后，进行筛分分级预处理，分成-80+12mm、-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm三个粒级，其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(1) After crushing the wolframite raw ore to -80mm, carry out screening and classification pretreatment, and divide it into three grades of -80+12mm, -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm, of which -0.5mm grade products are directly used as Qualified mine;
(2)采用智能矿石分选机对-80+12mm粒级产品进行预选抛废，获得粗精矿，将所得粗精矿破碎至-12mm后，进行筛分分级，分成-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm；其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(2) Use an intelligent ore sorting machine to pre-select and discard the -80+12mm grain grade products to obtain rough concentrates, crush the obtained rough concentrates to -12mm, and then screen and classify them into -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm; Among them, -0.5mm grain size products are directly regarded as qualified ore;
(3)步骤(1)和步骤(2)得到的-12+0.5mm粒级产品采用重介质选矿设备预选抛废，其中采用的重介质为硅铁，重介质选矿设备的选别粒度下限为0.5mm，获得的精矿作为合格矿，将三部分合格矿合并。(3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
经上述预选抛废后所得合格矿含WO 33.29％，抛废率为91.30％，回收率为92.63％。 The qualified ore obtained after the above-mentioned pre-selection and discarding contains 3.29% WO 3 , the discarding rate is 91.30%, and the recovery rate is 92.63%.
实施例2Example 2
对含WO 30.245％的黑钨矿原矿进行预选抛废，步骤如下： To pre-select and discard the wolframite raw ore containing 0.245% WO 3 , the steps are as follows:
(1)将黑钨矿原矿破碎至-80mm后，进行筛分分级预处理，分成-80+12mm、-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm三个粒级，其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(1) After crushing the wolframite raw ore to -80mm, carry out screening and classification pretreatment, and divide it into three grades of -80+12mm, -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm, of which -0.5mm grade products are directly used as Qualified mine;
(2)采用智能矿石分选机对-80+12mm粒级产品进行预选抛废，获得粗精矿，将所得粗精矿破碎至-12mm后，进行筛分分级，分成-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm；其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(2) Use an intelligent ore sorting machine to pre-select and discard the -80+12mm grain grade products to obtain rough concentrates, crush the obtained rough concentrates to -12mm, and then screen and classify them into -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm; Among them, -0.5mm grain size products are directly regarded as qualified ore;
(3)步骤(1)和步骤(2)得到的-12+0.5mm粒级产品采用重介质选矿设备预选抛废，其中采用的重介质为硅铁，重介质选矿设备的选别粒度下限为0.5mm，获得的精矿作为合格矿，将三部分合格矿合并。(3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
经上述预选抛废后所得合格矿含WO 33.08％，抛废率为92.7％，回收率为91.77％。 The qualified ore obtained after the above-mentioned pre-selection and discarding contains 3.08% WO 3 , the discarding rate is 92.7%, and the recovery rate is 91.77%.
实施例3Example 3
对含WO 30.212％的黑钨矿原矿进行预选抛废，步骤如下： To pre-select and discard the wolframite raw ore containing 0.212% WO 3 , the steps are as follows:
(1)将黑钨矿原矿破碎至-80mm后，进行筛分分级预处理，分成-80+12mm、-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm三个粒级，其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(1) After crushing the wolframite raw ore to -80mm, carry out screening and classification pretreatment, and divide it into three grades of -80+12mm, -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm, of which -0.5mm grade products are directly used as Qualified mine;
(2)采用智能矿石分选机对-80+12mm粒级产品进行预选抛废，获得粗精矿，将所得粗精矿破碎至-12mm后，进行筛分分级，分成-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm；其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(2) Use an intelligent ore sorting machine to pre-select and discard the -80+12mm grain grade products to obtain rough concentrates, crush the obtained rough concentrates to -12mm, and then screen and classify them into -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm; Among them, -0.5mm grain size products are directly regarded as qualified ore;
(3)步骤(1)和步骤(2)得到的-12+0.5mm粒级产品采用重介质选矿设备预选抛废，其中采用的重介质为硅铁，重介质选矿设备的选别粒度下限为0.5mm，获得的精矿作为合格矿，将三部分合格矿合并。(3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
经上述预选抛废后所得合格矿含WO 32.91％，抛废率为93.40％，回收率为90.59％。 The qualified ore obtained after the above-mentioned pre-selection and discarding contains 2.91% WO 3 , the discarding rate is 93.40%, and the recovery rate is 90.59%.
实施例4Example 4
对含WO 30.18％黑白钨共生矿(黑钨矿物相约占40％、白钨矿物相约占60％)进行预选抛废，步骤如下： To pre-select and discard the 0.18% black and white tungsten paragenetic ore containing WO 3 (the black tungsten mineral phase accounts for about 40%, and the scheelite mineral phase accounts for about 60%), the steps are as follows:
(1)将黑白钨矿共生矿原矿破碎至-80mm后，进行筛分分级预处理，分成-80+12mm、-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm三个粒级，其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(1) After the black and white tungsten ore paragenetic ore is crushed to -80mm, it is screened and classified for pretreatment, and divided into three grades of -80+12mm, -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm, among which -0.5mm grade products directly as a qualified mine;
(2)采用智能矿石分选机对-80+12mm粒级产品进行预选抛废，获得粗精矿，将所得粗精矿破碎至-12mm后，进行筛分分级，分成-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm；其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(2) Use an intelligent ore sorting machine to pre-select and discard the -80+12mm grain grade products to obtain rough concentrates, crush the obtained rough concentrates to -12mm, and then screen and classify them into -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm; Among them, -0.5mm grain size products are directly regarded as qualified ore;
(3)步骤(1)和步骤(2)得到的-12+0.5mm粒级产品采用重介质选矿设备预选抛废，其中采用的重介质为硅铁，重介质选矿设备的选别粒度下限为0.5mm，获得的精矿作为合格矿，将三部分合格矿合并。(3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
经上述预选抛废后所得合格矿含WO 30.36％，抛废率为54.40％，回收率为91.20％。 The qualified ore obtained after the above-mentioned pre-selection and discarding contains 0.36% WO 3 , the discarding rate is 54.40%, and the recovery rate is 91.20%.
实施例5Example 5
对含Cu 0.45％的铜矿进行预选抛废，步骤如下：The copper ore containing Cu 0.45% is pre-selected and discarded, and the steps are as follows:
(1)将铜矿原矿破碎至-80mm后，进行筛分分级预处理，分成-80+12mm、-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm三个粒级，其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(1) After crushing the raw copper ore to -80mm, carry out screening and grading pretreatment, and divide it into three grades of -80+12mm, -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm, of which -0.5mm grade products are directly regarded as qualified mine;
(2)采用智能矿石分选机对-80+12mm粒级产品进行预选抛废，获得粗精矿，将所得粗精矿破碎至-12mm后，进行筛分分级，分成-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm；其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(2) Use an intelligent ore sorting machine to pre-select and discard the -80+12mm grain grade products to obtain rough concentrates, crush the obtained rough concentrates to -12mm, and then screen and classify them into -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm; Among them, -0.5mm grain size products are directly regarded as qualified ore;
(3)步骤(1)和步骤(2)得到的-12+0.5mm粒级产品采用重介质选矿设备预选抛废，其中采用的重介质为硅铁，重介质选矿设备的选别粒度下限为0.5mm，获得的精矿作为合格矿，将三部分合格矿合并。(3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
经上述预选抛废后所得合格矿含Cu 0.79％，抛废率为47.49％，回收率为92.180％。After the above-mentioned pre-selection and discarding, the qualified ore contains 0.79% Cu, the discarding rate is 47.49%, and the recovery rate is 92.180%.
实施例6Example 6
对含Pb 0.148％、Zn 2.39％的铅锌矿进行预选抛废，步骤如下：The lead-zinc ore containing Pb 0.148% and Zn 2.39% is pre-selected and discarded, and the steps are as follows:
(1)将铅锌矿原矿破碎至-80mm后，进行筛分分级预处理，分成-80+12mm、-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm三个粒级，其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(1) After crushing the raw lead-zinc ore to -80mm, carry out screening and grading pretreatment, and divide it into three particle grades of -80+12mm, -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm, of which the -0.5mm particle grade product is directly used as Qualified mine;
(2)采用智能矿石分选机对-80+12mm粒级产品进行预选抛废，获得粗精矿，将所得粗精矿破碎至-12mm后，进行筛分分级，分成-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm；其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(2) Use an intelligent ore sorting machine to pre-select and discard the -80+12mm grain grade products to obtain rough concentrates, crush the obtained rough concentrates to -12mm, and then screen and classify them into -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm; Among them, -0.5mm grain size products are directly regarded as qualified ore;
(3)步骤(1)和步骤(2)得到的-12+0.5mm粒级产品采用重介质 选矿设备预选抛废，其中采用的重介质为硅铁，重介质选矿设备的选别粒度下限为0.5mm，获得的精矿作为合格矿，将三部分合格矿合并。(3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
经上述预选抛废后所得合格矿含Pb 0.234％、Zn 3.74％，抛废率为39.12％，铅锌回收率分别为96.26％、95.27％。After the above-mentioned pre-selection and discarding, the qualified ore contains 0.234% Pb and 3.74% Zn, the discarding rate is 39.12%, and the recovery rates of lead and zinc are 96.26% and 95.27%, respectively.
实施例7Example 7
对含Au 0.81g/t的金矿进行预选抛废，步骤如下：Pre-select and discard the gold ore containing Au 0.81g/t, the steps are as follows:
(1)将金矿原矿破碎至-80mm后，进行筛分分级预处理，分成-80+12mm、-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm三个粒级，其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(1) After crushing the raw gold ore to -80mm, carry out screening and classification pretreatment, and divide it into three particle grades of -80+12mm, -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm, of which -0.5mm particle grade products are directly regarded as qualified mine;
(2)采用智能矿石分选机对-80+12mm粒级产品进行预选抛废，获得粗精矿，将所得粗精矿破碎至-12mm后，进行筛分分级，分成-12+0.5mm和-0.5mm；其中-0.5mm粒级产品直接作为合格矿；(2) Use an intelligent ore sorting machine to pre-select and discard the -80+12mm grain grade products to obtain rough concentrates, crush the obtained rough concentrates to -12mm, and then screen and classify them into -12+0.5mm and -0.5mm; Among them, -0.5mm grain size products are directly regarded as qualified ore;
(3)步骤(1)和步骤(2)得到的-12+0.5mm粒级产品采用重介质选矿设备预选抛废，其中采用的重介质为硅铁，重介质选矿设备的选别粒度下限为0.5mm，获得的精矿作为合格矿，将三部分合格矿合并。(3) The -12+0.5mm particle size product obtained in step (1) and step (2) is pre-selected and discarded by dense medium beneficiation equipment. 0.5mm, the obtained concentrate is regarded as qualified ore, and the three parts of qualified ore are combined.
经上述预选抛废后所得合格矿含Au 1.51g/t，抛废率为51.41％，回收率为90.58％。After the above-mentioned pre-selection and discarding, the qualified ore contained Au 1.51g/t, the discarding rate was 51.41%, and the recovery rate was 90.58%.
由以上实施例可以看出，本发明提供的方法回收率高，抛废率高，且应用范围较广。It can be seen from the above examples that the method provided by the present invention has a high recovery rate, a high discarding rate, and a wide range of applications.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

  1. 一种有色金属矿预选抛废方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A non-ferrous metal ore preselection discarding method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    (1)将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行第一筛分分级，得到第一粗矿、第一细矿和第一合格矿；所述第一合格矿的粒径≤0.5mm；所述第一细矿的粒径＞0.5mm；(1) After crushing the raw ore of non-ferrous metal ore, carry out the first screening and classification to obtain the first coarse ore, the first fine ore and the first qualified ore; the particle size of the first qualified ore is ≤0.5mm; the first Fine ore particle size > 0.5mm;
    (2)将所述第一粗矿进行智能矿石分选，得到第一粗精矿和脉石尾矿；(2) performing intelligent ore sorting on the first rough ore to obtain the first rough concentrate and gangue tailings;
    (3)将所述第一粗精矿破碎后进行第二筛分分级，得到第二细矿和第二合格矿；所述第二合格矿的粒径≤0.5mm；所述第二细矿的粒径＞0.5mm；(3) After crushing the first coarse concentrate, carry out the second screening and classification to obtain the second fine ore and the second qualified ore; the particle size of the second qualified ore is ≤0.5mm; the second fine ore Particle size > 0.5mm;
    (4)将所述第一细矿和第二细矿进行重介质选矿，得到精矿和脉石尾矿；所述精矿为合格矿。(4) performing dense medium ore dressing on the first fine ore and the second fine ore to obtain concentrate and gangue tailings; the concentrate is qualified ore.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的有色金属矿预选抛废方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中的破碎为将有色金属矿原矿破碎至粒径≤80mm。The non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection and discarding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushing in the step (1) is crushing the non-ferrous metal ore raw ore to a particle size ≤ 80mm.
  3. 根据权利要求1或4所述的有色金属矿预选抛废方法，其特征在于，所述第一粗矿和第一细矿的粒级分别为-80+12mm和-12+0.5mm。The non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection and discarding method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the particle size of the first coarse ore and the first fine ore are respectively -80+12mm and -12+0.5mm.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的有色金属矿预选抛废方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)中的破碎为将第一粗精矿破碎至粒径≤12mm。The non-ferrous metal ore pre-selection and discarding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushing in the step (3) is crushing the first coarse concentrate to a particle size ≤ 12mm.
  5. 根据权利要求1或6所述的有色金属矿预选抛废方法，其特征在于，所述第二细矿的粒级为-12+0.5mm。The non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the particle size of the second fine ore is -12+0.5mm.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的有色金属矿预选抛废方法，其特征在于，所述重介质选矿中使用的重介质为硅铁、磁铁矿、方铅矿或黄铁矿。The non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dense medium used in the dense medium ore dressing is ferrosilicon, magnetite, galena or pyrite.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的有色金属矿预选抛废方法，其特征在于，所述有色金属矿为黑钨矿、白钨矿、黑白钨共生矿、铅锌矿、金矿或铜矿。The non-ferrous metal ore preselection and discarding method according to claim 1, wherein the non-ferrous metal ore is wolframite, scheelite, black and white tungsten ore, lead-zinc ore, gold ore or copper ore.
  8. 一种有色金属矿预选抛废方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A non-ferrous metal ore preselection discarding method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行第I筛分分级，得到第I粗矿和第I合格矿；所述第I合格矿的粒级为-12mm，所述第I粗矿的粒级为+12mm；After the non-ferrous metal ore is crushed, carry out the first screening and classification to obtain the first rough ore and the first qualified ore; the grain size of the first qualified ore is -12mm, and the grain size of the first rough ore is +12mm ;
    将所述第I粗矿进行智能矿石分选，得到第I粗精矿；Carrying out intelligent ore sorting to the first rough ore to obtain the first rough ore concentrate;
    将所述第I粗精矿破碎后进行第II筛分分级，得到合格矿。After the first rough concentrate is crushed, the second sieving and classification is carried out to obtain qualified ore.
  9. 一种有色金属矿预选抛废方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A non-ferrous metal ore preselection discarding method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    将有色金属矿原矿破碎后进行筛分分级，得到粗矿和合格矿；After the raw ore of non-ferrous metal ore is crushed, it is screened and classified to obtain coarse ore and qualified ore;
    将所述粗矿进行重介质分选，得到合格矿；所述合格矿的粒级为-0.5mm，所述粗矿的粒级为-12+0.5mm。The coarse ore is subjected to dense medium separation to obtain qualified ore; the particle size of the qualified ore is -0.5mm, and the particle size of the coarse ore is -12+0.5mm.
PCT/CN2021/131495 2021-08-20 2021-11-18 Pre-selecting and waste-discarding method for non-ferrous metal ores WO2023019776A1 (en)

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