WO2023016313A1 - 天线系统及电子设备 - Google Patents

天线系统及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023016313A1
WO2023016313A1 PCT/CN2022/109988 CN2022109988W WO2023016313A1 WO 2023016313 A1 WO2023016313 A1 WO 2023016313A1 CN 2022109988 W CN2022109988 W CN 2022109988W WO 2023016313 A1 WO2023016313 A1 WO 2023016313A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
antenna
antenna system
radio frequency
electronic device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/109988
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
薛亮
侯猛
王汉阳
吴鹏飞
师传波
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP22855296.4A priority Critical patent/EP4362224A1/en
Publication of WO2023016313A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023016313A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of antennas, in particular to an antenna system and electronic equipment.
  • the mutual coupling between multiple antennas can be decoupled by using an orthogonal mode decoupling technology or a mode decoupling technology, thereby improving the isolation between the antennas.
  • the orthogonal mode decoupling technology requires two or more orthogonal eigenmodes in the antenna, and decoupling can be achieved by combining different feed designs.
  • the mode decoupling technology needs to sacrifice half of the antenna aperture for antenna The decoupling between them will make the efficiency of a single antenna lower, so it is difficult to realize the miniaturization of the antenna aperture under the condition of ensuring the efficiency of each antenna.
  • the purpose of this application is to solve the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to simultaneously take into account the high isolation of the antenna and the miniaturization of the antenna aperture for the antenna with a single eigenmode. Therefore, the application provides an antenna system and electronic equipment that enable the first The first antenna and the second antenna have relatively high isolation at both ends of their respective radio frequency sources (the ground terminal and the radio frequency terminal), thereby achieving high isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna (or it can be understood as the first decoupling of one antenna from the second antenna).
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna system
  • the first antenna includes a first radiator and a second radiator
  • the second antenna includes a first radiator and a third radiator
  • Both ends of the first radiator are respectively electrically connected to the floor;
  • the first end of the second radiator is relatively far away from the first end of the third radiator, and is respectively connected or coupled to the first radiator, and the second end of the second radiator is opposite to the second end of the third radiator. , and form a gap;
  • the second radiator includes a first feed connection point, and the antenna system feeds the first antenna through the first feed connection point, and the third radiator includes a second feed connection point, and the antenna system is connected to the first antenna through the second feed connection point. Dot feeds the second antenna.
  • the first radiator and the floor are surrounded to form a closed groove; the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the gap are surrounded to form a non-closed groove.
  • the first feed connection point of the second radiator is connected to the feed end of the first radio frequency source of the electronic equipment to receive the radio frequency signal output by the first radio frequency source, so that the first antenna radiates outward, and the grounding of the first radio frequency source
  • the end is connected to the floor;
  • the second feed connection point of the third radiator is connected to the feed end of the second radio frequency source of the electronic equipment, so as to receive the radio frequency signal output by the second radio frequency source, so that the second antenna radiates outward, and the second The ground terminal of the RF source is connected to the floor.
  • the antenna based on this structure can make: when the first radio frequency source is used for excitation, the position of the feed end of the first radio frequency source connected to the first antenna The current generated at the position of the ground terminal connected to the first RF source on the floor is in the same direction as the current generated at the position of the ground terminal connected to the first RF source. At the same time, the current generated at the feed terminal position connected to the second RF source on the second The current generated at the ground terminal of the two RF sources is in convection mode.
  • the current generated at the feed end position connected to the first radio frequency source on the first antenna and the current generated at the ground end position connected to the first radio frequency source on the floor are in convection mode , at the same time, the current generated at the feed end position connected to the second radio frequency source on the second antenna is in the same direction as the current generated at the ground end position connected to the second radio frequency source on the floor.
  • the same direction mode and the convection mode form a mode orthogonal, that is: when the first radio frequency source is used as excitation, the current mode generated at the position where the first antenna is connected to the two ends of the first radio frequency source (ground terminal and feed terminal) is the same as the first The current mode generated at the position where the two antennas are connected to the two ends of the second RF source (ground terminal and feed terminal) forms a mode orthogonal.
  • the embodiment of the present application can use this structure to achieve: when the first antenna and the second antenna are excited at the same time, by making the first antenna and the second antenna generate relatively A high degree of isolation leads to a relatively high degree of isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna, that is, the decoupling of the first antenna and the second antenna is realized.
  • the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application can reduce the antenna diameter by at least half compared with the traditional closed slot antenna. Therefore, compared with the traditional closed slot antenna, this embodiment can Miniaturization of the antenna aperture is realized.
  • the non-closed slot is located on a side of the first radiator close to the closed slot.
  • the unclosed slot is located on a side of the first radiator away from the closed slot.
  • the open slot partially overlaps with the first radiator and is located on a side of the first radiator away from the floor.
  • the antenna system further includes an adjustment device, one end of the adjustment device is connected to the first radiator, and the other end of the adjustment device is connected to the floor; the adjustment device is a capacitor and/or an inductance.
  • the direction of the current on the closed slot can be adjusted through the capacitance or inductance provided between the first radiator and the floor. Specifically, the direction of the current on the closed slot can be adjusted by selecting a capacitance or inductance that matches the aperture of the antenna.
  • the flow direction of the current so that when the first radio frequency source is used for excitation or when the second radio frequency source is used for excitation, the current mode and The current mode at the position where the second antenna is connected to the two ends of the second radio frequency source (that is, the feed end and the ground end) forms a mode orthogonal, that is, there is a high degree of isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna, and at the same time, the antenna's
  • the aperture (or it can be understood as the length of the closed slot) has a relatively wide selection range, which provides a basis for the application of the antenna system of this embodiment in different application scenarios.
  • the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, and the gap form an open slot, and along the length direction of the open slot, the connection point formed by the adjustment device and the first radiator is located at the first radiator. Between a feed connection point and a second feed connection point.
  • the ground point formed by the connection of the adjustment device to the floor is located at the first feeding ground point formed by the connection between the ground end of the first radio frequency source and the floor, and the ground point formed by the connection between the ground end of the second radio frequency source and the floor. Between the second feeding grounding point.
  • the grounding point formed by the connection between the adjustment device and the floor is located on the floor area on the floor opposite to the gap, and the connection point formed by the connection between the adjustment device and the first radiator is located on the first radiator opposite to the gap.
  • Body segment is located on the grounding point formed by the connection between the adjustment device and the floor.
  • a capacitor is provided at the gap, and two ends of the capacitor are respectively connected to the second end of the second radiator and the second end of the third radiator.
  • both the second radiator and the third radiator are L-shaped.
  • one or more first slots are opened on the second radiator, and/or one or more second slots are opened on the third radiator.
  • one of the second radiator and the third radiator is L-shaped
  • the other radiator includes an L-shaped radiator segment and at least one suspended radiator segment, wherein the L-shaped radiator One end of the segment away from at least one suspended radiator segment constitutes a first end of another radiator, and the end of at least one suspended radiator segment away from the L-shaped radiator segment constitutes a second end of another radiator;
  • the other radiator receives radio frequency signals through the L-shaped radiator section or any suspended radiator section in the at least one suspended radiator section;
  • Both the second radiator and the third radiator include an L-shaped radiator section and at least one suspended radiator section, wherein, in the second radiator, the end of the L-shaped radiator section away from the at least one suspended radiator section constitutes a second radiator.
  • the end of the L-shaped radiator section away from at least one suspended radiator section forms the first end of the third radiator, and the end of at least one suspended radiator section away from the L-shaped radiator section forms the third radiator
  • the second end of the second feed connection point is set on the L-shaped radiator in the third radiator or any suspended radiator section in the at least one suspended radiator section.
  • At least one of the first slot and the second slot is provided with a capacitor.
  • each first slot and each second slot is provided with a capacitor.
  • the L-shaped radiator section is connected to at least one end of the suspended radiator section close to the L-shaped radiator section through a capacitor;
  • each suspended radiator segment is connected to an adjacent suspended radiator segment through a capacitor.
  • the embodiment of the present application utilizes an L-shaped radiator section and at least one suspended radiator section, and at the same time, the second radiator and/or the third radiator are formed after the radiating sections are capacitively connected.
  • Such a structure can further help the antenna
  • the miniaturization of the caliber also helps to reduce the SAR value (Specific Absorption Ratio) of the antenna system.
  • the length of the closed slot is greater than or equal to 1/2 wavelength of the first antenna or the second antenna and less than one wavelength of the first antenna or the second antenna.
  • the ground terminal of the first radio frequency source is connected to the ground to form the first feed ground point
  • the feed terminal of the first radio frequency source is connected to the second radiator to form the first feed connection point
  • the second feeding ground point formed by connecting the ground end of the second radio frequency source to the floor, and the second feeding connection point formed by connecting the feeding end of the second radio frequency source to the third radiator are located at The other side of the gap
  • the first feed ground point formed by connecting the ground end of the first radio frequency source to the floor, and the second feed ground point formed by connecting the ground end of the second radio frequency source to the floor are located in the closed slot Inside.
  • the first feeding ground point formed by connecting the ground end of the first radio frequency source to the floor and the first feeding connection point formed by connecting the feeding end of the first radio frequency source to the second radiator are along the The width direction of the closed groove is aligned
  • the second feed ground point formed by connecting the ground end of the second radio frequency source to the floor and the second feed connection point formed by connecting the feed end of the second radio frequency source to the third radiator are closed along the The width direction of the groove is aligned.
  • the first radio frequency source and the second radio frequency source are different radio frequency sources or the same radio frequency source.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including the antenna system provided in any one of the foregoing embodiments or any possible embodiment.
  • the first radiator is formed by a metal frame of the electronic device or an embedded metal structure embedded in the metal frame
  • the second radiator and the third radiator are both formed by the metal structure of the electronic device, Or, they are all formed on the bracket of the electronic device through the laser direct forming process.
  • the first radiator is formed by a metal frame of the electronic device
  • both the second radiator and the third radiator are formed by an embedded metal structure embedded in the metal frame of the electronic device.
  • the first radiator is formed by the metal battery cover of the electronic device or the metal middle frame of the electronic device; the second radiator and the third radiator are both formed by the metal frame of the electronic device, or both are embedded in The embedded metal structural parts in the metal frame are formed, or both are formed on the bracket of the electronic equipment through a laser direct forming process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the antenna system in the electronic device of the embodiment of the present application; wherein, the second radiator and the third radiator are both L-shaped, and along the width direction of the closed slot, the open slot is located on the first radiator Close to the side of the closed slot;
  • Fig. 2b is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the antenna system in Fig. 2a;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a closed slot single antenna of a reference design
  • Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b are the S parameter effect comparison curve and the antenna efficiency comparison curve respectively obtained when a closed slot single antenna of a reference design is simulated and tested with the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application; wherein, an adjustment device is provided between the first radiator and the floor, and a capacitor is provided between the second radiator and the third radiator;
  • FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an antenna system in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6b is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of the antenna system in Fig. 6a;
  • Fig. 7 is the S parameter effect curve diagram obtained when the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application is tested for simulation effect;
  • Fig. 8 is a comparison curve diagram of the antenna efficiency obtained when the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application is tested for the simulation effect under different closed slot lengths;
  • Figure 9a, Figure 9b, and Figure 9c are the SAR values obtained from the simulation effect tests of the electronic equipment using a closed slot single antenna of a reference design and the electronic equipment using the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application under different closed slot lengths data sheet;
  • Fig. 10a and Fig. 10b are schematic structural diagrams and three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the first kind of antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application, wherein the number of suspended radiator segments is one;
  • Fig. 10c is a schematic diagram of the second principle structure of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11a is a schematic diagram of a third principle structure of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11b and Figure 11c are the third three-dimensional structure diagram of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 and Figure 13 are the S-parameter effect comparison curves and antenna efficiency comparison curves obtained when the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application has 1 suspended radiator section and 2 suspended radiator sections, respectively, when the simulation effect test is carried out ;
  • Figure 14a and Figure 14b are the SAR value data obtained by the simulation effect test of the electronic equipment using the antenna system with one suspended radiator section and the electronic equipment with two suspended radiator sections according to the embodiment of the present application respectively surface;
  • Fig. 15 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a reference design of an open-slot dual antenna
  • Fig. 16a and Fig. 16b are three-dimensional structure diagrams of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application; wherein, the second radiator and the third radiator are both L-shaped, and along the thickness direction of the closed slot, the open slot is located in the first radiator the side of the body away from the floor;
  • Fig. 17 and Fig. 18 are the S obtained by carrying out the simulation effect test on a kind of open-slot single antenna (namely case1) of a reference design, a kind of open-slot dual antenna (namely case2) of a reference design, and the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application respectively.
  • Fig. 19a and Fig. 19b are the SAR value data tables obtained by the simulation effect test of the electronic equipment adopting a reference design open slot single antenna (i.e. case1) and the electronic equipment adopting the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 20 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application; wherein, the number of suspended radiation sections is two;
  • Fig. 21 and Fig. 22 are the S parameter effect comparison curves and the antenna efficiency comparison curves respectively obtained by performing the simulation effect test on the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 23a and Fig. 23b are respectively the SAR value data tables obtained from the simulation effect test of the electronic equipment adopting the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 24a and Fig. 24b are schematic diagrams of the principle structure and three-dimensional structure of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application; wherein, along the width direction of the closed slot, the non-closed slot is located on the side of the first radiator away from the closed slot, and the first radiation Both the body and the second radiator are L-shaped;
  • FIG 25a and Figure 25b are two schematic structural diagrams of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application; wherein, there are two suspended radiator segments;
  • Figure 26 and Figure 27 are the S parameter effect curve and the antenna efficiency curve obtained by simulating the simulation effect of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 28a is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 28b and FIG. 28c are schematic structural diagrams of the switch circuit SW1 and the switch circuit SW2 of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application, respectively;
  • Fig. 29 is an S-parameter effect curve obtained by simulating the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application when the switch circuit SW1 is in the first connection state and the switch circuit SW2 is in the second connection state;
  • Fig. 30 is a comparison graph of antenna efficiency obtained by performing a simulation effect test when the switch circuit SW1 and the switch circuit SW2 of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application are both in the first connection state and in the second connection state;
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 32 is an S parameter effect curve diagram obtained by performing a simulation effect test on the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 33 is a comparison curve diagram of antenna efficiency obtained by performing a simulation effect test on the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 35 and FIG. 36 are the S-parameter effect curves and antenna efficiency curves obtained by simulating the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • 11 first radiator; 111, 112: radiation branch; 12: second radiator; 121: connector; 122: L-shaped radiator segment; 13: third radiator; 131: connector; 132: L-shaped Radiator section; 14: closed slot; 15: non-closed slot; 16: adjustment device; 17: suspended radiator section; 18: slot;
  • RF radio frequency source
  • RF1 first radio frequency source
  • RF2 second radio frequency source
  • C capacitance
  • C1 capacitance
  • C2 capacitance
  • L, L A , L B , L C , L D inductance
  • A1 first feed connection point; A2: second feed connection point; A3: connection point; B1: first feed ground point; B2: second feed ground point; B3: ground point; B4: ground point ;B5: grounding point;
  • SW1 switch circuit
  • SW2 switch circuit
  • K1 switch; K2: switch;
  • L1 length of closed slot
  • L2 length of non-closed slot
  • L3 length of gap
  • L4, L5, L6, L7 length;
  • w width of closed slot
  • n width of non-closed slot
  • x width.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application in specific situations.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna system, which includes a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna includes a first radiator 11 and a second radiator 12, and the second antenna includes a first radiator body 11 and the third radiator 13. That is to say, the first radiator 11 is a common radiator of the first antenna and the second antenna.
  • Both ends of the first radiator 11 are respectively connected to the floor, and ground points B3 and B4 are formed on the floor, wherein, the two ends of the first radiator 11 can be directly connected to the floor, or can be connected through connecting pieces , such as conductors, wires, etc. are indirectly connected to the floor, and the first radiator 11 and the floor surround to form a closed slot 14 (ie, the closed slot 14 shown in FIG. 2 a ).
  • the closed groove can be understood as a through groove closed all around.
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the antenna system in the electronic device of the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2b is the antenna in the electronic device of the embodiment of the present application
  • the first end of the second radiator 12 is relatively far away from the first end of the third radiator 13, and is respectively connected to the first radiator 11, and the second end of the second radiator 12 is connected to the second end of the third radiator 13.
  • the end-to-end are arranged at intervals relative to each other, and a gap 10 is formed.
  • the first radiator 11 , the second radiator 12 , the third radiator 13 and the gap 10 surround and form a non-closed slot 15 (ie, the non-closed slot 15 shown in FIG. 2 a ).
  • the non-closed groove can be understood as a through groove with an opening, wherein the opening is formed by the gap 10 .
  • the first end of the second radiator 12 and the first end of the third radiator 13 may also be coupled to the first radiator, that is, the first end of the second radiator 12 is not directly connected to
  • the first radiator 11 forms a gap with the first radiator 11, through which the coupling of radiant energy is performed, and the first end of the third radiator 13 is not directly connected to the first radiator 11, and is connected to the first radiator 11.
  • a gap is formed between the radiators 11, through which the radiation energy is coupled.
  • the slit can be formed along the width direction parallel to the closed groove, or along the thickness direction parallel to the closed groove.
  • the one end or the first end and the second end are not limited to the end face of the radiator, but can also be a section of the radiator including the end face, for example, a radiator section within 1-2 mm from the end face.
  • the second radiator 12 may also be coupled through a coupling stub located in the gap between the second radiator 12 and the first radiator 11, and the coupling stub may be connected to the first radiator 11, or It may not be connected to the first radiator 11, and the third radiator 13 may also be coupled through a coupling branch located in the gap between the third radiator 13 and the first radiator 11, and the coupling branch may be connected Those connected to the first radiator 11 may also be not connected to the first radiator 11 .
  • the second radiator 12 includes a first feed connection point A1
  • the antenna system 1 feeds the first antenna through the first feed connection point A1
  • the third radiator 13 includes a second feed connection point A2
  • the antenna system 1 1 Feed the second antenna via the second feed connection point A2.
  • the first feed connection point A1 of the second radiator 12 is connected to the feed end of the first radio frequency source RF1 of the electronic device, so as to receive the radio frequency signal output by the first radio frequency source RF1, so that the first antenna radiates outward , the ground end of the first radio frequency source RF1 is connected to the ground.
  • the second feed connection point A2 of the third radiator 13 is connected to the feed end of the second radio frequency source RF2 of the electronic equipment, so as to receive the radio frequency signal output by the second radio frequency source RF2, so that the second antenna radiates outward, and the second The ground terminal of the radio frequency source RF2 is connected to the ground.
  • the second radiator 12 may be directly connected to the feed end of the first radio frequency source RF1 of the electronic device, or may be connected through a radio frequency source connector 21 (as shown in FIG. 2 a ), such as a spring pin, a wire, etc.
  • the third radiator 13 can be directly connected to the feed end of the second radio frequency source RF2 of the electronic device, or can be connected through a radio frequency source connector 22 (as shown in Figure 2a shown in ), such as spring pins, wires, etc. connected to the feed end of the second radio frequency source RF2.
  • the second radiator 12 may be connected to the first radio frequency source RF1 through a coaxial line, specifically, may be connected to the feeding end of the first radio frequency source RF1 through an inner core of the coaxial line.
  • the third radiator 13 may also be connected to the second radio frequency source RF2 through a coaxial line, specifically, may be connected to the feeding end of the second radio frequency source RF2 through an inner core of the coaxial line.
  • the feed end can also be other alternative solutions, which does not limit the protection scope of the present application.
  • the first radio frequency source RF1 and the second radio frequency source RF2 are different radio frequency sources.
  • a capacitor C is provided between the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13; the capacitor C is used to adjust the reverse point generated when the current flows through each radiator and the floor (refer to the reverse point mentioned later).
  • the current mode generated at the position where the first antenna is connected to the two ends of the first radio frequency source (the ground terminal and the feed terminal) is the same as the current mode generated at the position where the second antenna is connected to the two ends of the second radio frequency source (the ground terminal and the feed terminal)
  • the current mode generated at the position of the feed end) forms a mode orthogonal, thereby forming a high isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna.
  • the antenna system of this embodiment can be applied to various electronic devices with signal transmission functions, such as electronic devices such as watches, mobile phones, wearable smart devices, and smart home devices.
  • the type of antenna system is not limited, for example, it can be a 5G mobile communication antenna (MIMO), such as a main LTE transceiver antenna, a secondary LTE transceiver antenna, or a short-distance communication antenna, such as a V2X-1 transceiver antenna, WiFi/BLE antenna, etc. It can also be a radio antenna or the like.
  • MIMO 5G mobile communication antenna
  • the first antenna and the second antenna can work in the same frequency band, such as any frequency band within 6 GHz, or can work in different frequency bands, such as the first antenna and the second antenna in the working frequency band
  • the center frequencies can differ by 1GHz.
  • the first antenna and the second antenna can respectively work in sub-bands with a frequency range of 724-788MHz, sub-bands with a frequency range of 791-860MHz, and sub-bands with a frequency range of 824-894MHz; the frequency range is 880-960MHz sub-bands and so on.
  • the electronic device is a mobile phone as an example
  • the first radiator 11 in this embodiment may be formed by the metal frame of the mobile phone, such as the outer metal frame of the mobile phone, or may be formed by the mobile phone It is formed by embedded metal structural parts embedded in the metal frame.
  • the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 can be formed by the metal structural parts of the mobile phone, such as metal sheets, etc., can also be formed on the bracket of the mobile phone through the laser direct forming process, or can be attached by the FPC process. Structural parts near the antenna, such as on the bracket of the mobile phone or on the battery cover.
  • the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 may be directly connected to the first radiator 11, or may be indirectly connected to the first radiator 11 through a connecting piece 121 and a connecting piece 131 respectively, and the connecting piece 121 constitutes a As a part of the second radiator 12 , the connecting member 131 constitutes a part of the third radiator 13 .
  • the connectors 121 and 131 can be, for example, spring feet, electric welding, conductive foam, metal structural parts, and the like.
  • the floor can be at least part of or combined at least part of any grounding structure in the electronic device.
  • the floor can be formed by the PCB board 20 in the mobile phone. In other examples, it can also be a conductive sheet, a middle frame bottom plate of the electronic device , the copper layer of the display and so on.
  • each component in this embodiment is not limited.
  • the first radiator 11 can be welded on the PCB board 20, or a closed slot can be formed by processing a closed slot on the PCB board. 14, and then directly formed on the PCB board 20.
  • a closed slot can be formed by processing a closed slot on the PCB board. 14, and then directly formed on the PCB board 20.
  • FIG. 1 For the specific working process, please refer to Figure 1.
  • the solid arrows in Figure 1 represent the currents formed on the radiators and the floor when the first radio frequency source RF1 is used for excitation, and the dotted arrows in Figure 1 represent the second radio frequency source.
  • RF2 When RF2 is used as excitation, the current formed on each radiator and the floor, the circle in the figure shows the reverse point when the current flows through the radiator and the floor.
  • the current generated at the first feed connection point A1 of the first antenna (that is, the position of the feed end connected to the first radio frequency source) is closest to the first feed connection as shown in Figure 1
  • the current generated at the first feed ground point B1 of the first antenna (that is, the ground terminal position connected to the first radio frequency source on the floor) is closest to the first feed as shown in Figure 1
  • the solid line arrow at the ground point B1 it can be seen that the current flows from the first feed connection point A1 to the first feed ground point B1 through the floor, that is, the first feed connection point A1 of the first antenna is connected to the first feed connection point A1.
  • the current mode of the ground point B1 is the same direction mode. Simultaneously, the current generated at the second feed connection point A2 of the second antenna (that is, the feed end position connected to the second radio frequency source) is shown by the solid arrow closest to the second feed connection point A2 in Fig. 1 As shown, the current generated at the second feeding ground point B2 of the second antenna (that is, the ground terminal position connected to the second radio frequency source on the floor) is shown as the solid line arrow closest to the second feeding ground point B2 in Figure 1 As shown, it can be seen that the current at the second feed connection point A2 is opposite to the current at the second feed ground point B2, that is, the second feed connection point A2 of the second antenna and the second feed ground point B2 Current mode is convection mode.
  • the current generated at the first feed connection point A1 of the first antenna (that is, the position of the feed end connected to the first radio frequency source) is closest to the first feed connection as shown in Figure 1
  • the current generated at the first feed ground point B1 of the first antenna (that is, the ground terminal position connected to the first radio frequency source on the floor) is closest to the first feed ground point as shown in Figure 1
  • the current direction of the first feed connection point A1 is opposite to the current direction of the first feed ground point B1, that is, the first feed connection point A1 of the first antenna is in the opposite direction to the first feed connection point A1.
  • the current mode of the ground point B1 is a convection mode.
  • the current generated at the second feed connection point A2 of the second antenna (that is, the feed end position connected to the second radio frequency source) is shown by the dotted arrow closest to the second feed connection point A2 in Figure 1
  • the current generated at the second feeding ground point B2 of the second antenna (that is, the ground terminal position connected to the second radio frequency source on the floor) is shown by the dotted arrow closest to the second feeding ground point B2 in Figure 1
  • the current flows from the second feeding ground point B2 to the second feeding connection point A2 that is, the current mode of the second feeding connection point A2 of the second antenna and the second feeding ground point B2 is the same direction mode.
  • the first antenna is at both ends of the first radio frequency source RF1 (the first feed connection point A1 and the first feed ground point B1)
  • the current mode of the second antenna and the current mode of the second antenna at both ends of the second radio frequency source RF2 can always form a mode orthogonal, thereby generating a higher degree of isolation.
  • the third radiator and the third radiator respectively connected to the first radiator, and the first radio frequency source connected between the second radiator and the floor, the third radiator and the The second radio frequency source between the floors constructs a brand new antenna system, based on the structure of the antenna system, it can make:
  • the current generated at the feed end position (that is, the first feed connection point A1) connected to the first radio frequency source on the first antenna is connected to the ground terminal of the first radio frequency source on the floor
  • the current generated at the position (that is, the first feed ground point B1) is in the same direction mode.
  • the current and the current generated at the ground terminal position connected to the second radio frequency source on the floor (that is, at the second feeding ground point B2) are convection mode.
  • the current generated at the feed end position i.e. the first feed connection point A1 connected to the first radio frequency source on the first antenna is connected to the first radio frequency source on the floor.
  • the current generated at the ground position of the ground terminal that is, the first feed ground point B1 is a convection mode; at the same time, at the feed terminal position connected to the second radio frequency source on the second antenna (that is, the second feed connection point A2
  • the current generated at the position) and the current generated at the ground terminal position connected to the second radio frequency source on the floor that is, at the second feeding ground point B2) are in the same direction mode.
  • the same direction mode and the convection mode form a mode orthogonal, that is: when the first radio frequency source is used for excitation, the current generated at the position where the first antenna is connected to the two ends of the first radio frequency source (ground terminal and feed terminal)
  • the mode is orthogonal to the current mode generated at the position where the second antenna is connected to the two ends of the second radio frequency source (ground terminal and feed terminal).
  • the first antenna is connected to The current pattern generated at the position across the first RF source (ground terminal and feed terminal) and the current mode generated at the position connected to the two ends of the second RF source (ground terminal and feed terminal) on the second antenna also form a pattern Orthogonal, therefore, the embodiment of the present application can use this structure to achieve: when the first antenna and the second antenna are excited at the same time, by making the first antenna and the second antenna generate a higher degree of isolation at both ends of their respective radio frequency sources, Further, a high isolation is formed between the first antenna and the second antenna, so as to realize decoupling of the first antenna and the second antenna.
  • the reverse point mentioned above can be understood as the current flowing through both sides of the reverse point, and the current direction is opposite. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that there is a reverse point on the first radiator 11, and there is a reverse point on the floor. There is a reverse point, and the reverse point on the first radiator 11 and the reverse point on the floor are misaligned along the length direction of the closed groove 14, so that the two ends of the first radio frequency source can be connected on the first antenna
  • the current mode generated at the position is orthogonal to the current mode generated at the position where the second antenna is connected to the two ends of the second radio frequency source (ground terminal and feed terminal), so that the first antenna Creates high isolation from the second antenna.
  • the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application can reduce the antenna aperture by at least half compared with the traditional closed slot single antenna. Therefore, compared with the traditional closed slot antenna, this embodiment The single-slot antenna can realize the miniaturization of the antenna aperture.
  • the embodiment of the present application adopts asymmetrical feeding without designing a complicated feeding network, such as anti-symmetrical feeding, and has the advantages of simple feeding structure and low sensitivity to complex environments.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, including the antenna system 1 involved in any one of the foregoing implementation manners.
  • both the first feed connection point A1 and the first feed ground point B1 of the first radio frequency source RF1 are located on one side of the gap 10
  • the second feed connection point A2 of the second radio frequency source RF2 and the second feeding ground point B2 are located on the other side of the gap 10
  • the first feeding ground point B1 of the first radio frequency source RF1 and the second feeding ground point B2 of the second radio frequency source RF2 are both located in the closed slot 14, specifically, may be located between the grounding point B3 and the grounding point B4.
  • the first feed connection point A1 of the first radio frequency source RF1 and the second feed connection point A2 of the second radio frequency source RF2 may be symmetrical about the gap 10, and in other schemes, may also be asymmetrical .
  • the first feed connection point A1 of the first radio frequency source RF1 and the first feed ground point B1 and: the second feed connection point of the second radio frequency source RF2 A2 is aligned with the second feeder grounding point B2 in the width direction w of the closed slot.
  • the alignment also includes a fully aligned solution, and also includes a roughly aligned solution.
  • a non-alignment solution may also be adopted.
  • both the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 are L-shaped, along the width direction w of the closed slot, and the open slot 15 Located on the side of the first radiator 11 close to the closed slot 14, or it can be understood that: the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 are arranged parallel to the PCB board 20, and the second radiator 12 and the third radiator The gap formed by 13 is located on the side of the first radiator 11 close to the PCB board 20 .
  • the L-shape also includes solutions similar to the L-shape.
  • the length L1 of the closed slot is greater than the length L2 of the non-closed slot, for example, it may be 1-2.5 times the length of the non-closed slot, or it may be 1.3-2 times the length of the non-closed slot.
  • the length L1 of the closed slot is greater than or equal to 1/2 times the wavelength of the first antenna or the second antenna and less than one time the wavelength of the first antenna or the second antenna, please refer to Figure 2b.
  • the closed The length L1 of the slot is 40 mm.
  • the length L1 of the closed slot can also be other dimensions that satisfy different IDs (ie, serial numbers of electronic devices) or different architectures.
  • the antenna system of this embodiment can utilize the antenna aperture of 1/2 times the wavelength of the antenna (that is, the length of the closed slot is equal to 1/2 times the wavelength of the first antenna or the second antenna) to realize two antennas.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a closed-slot single antenna of a reference design, the single antenna uses an antenna aperture of 1/2 times the antenna wavelength to realize only one antenna, the antenna system of this embodiment Under the condition that the antenna aperture is the same as the above-mentioned single antenna, the bandwidth can be at least doubled, and under the condition that the antenna bandwidth is the same as the above-mentioned single antenna, the antenna aperture can be reduced by half.
  • the simulation software is used to simulate and analyze a closed-slot single antenna of a reference design and the antenna system provided in this embodiment, and obtain the effect curves shown in FIGS. 4a to 4b.
  • This embodiment Closed Slot Single Antenna The length L1 of the closed slot (mm) 40 40 The width of the closed slot w(mm) 1 1 Length L2(mm) of non-closed groove twenty four / Width of non-closed slot n(mm) 1 / Length L3(mm) of gap 10 1 / Resonant frequency (GHz) 1.9 1.9 Capacitance C(pF) 0.2 /
  • Figure 4a is a comparison curve of the S-parameter effect obtained when the simulation effect test is performed on a closed slot single antenna of a reference design and the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4b is a comparison curve for a The antenna efficiency comparison curve obtained when the closed-slot single antenna of the reference design and the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application are tested for simulation effect.
  • the abscissa represents the frequency in GHz
  • the ordinate represents the S parameter, wherein the dotted line represents the S21 amplitude value in dB.
  • S21 is one of the S parameters, which can represent the isolation of antennas. The smaller the parameter of S21, the greater the isolation between antennas and the smaller the degree of mutual coupling between antennas. Isolation is represented by the absolute value of S21.
  • the solid line represents the S11 amplitude value in dB.
  • S11 is one of the S parameters.
  • S11 represents the reflection coefficient. This parameter can represent the quality of the antenna’s emission efficiency. Specifically, the smaller the value of S11, the smaller the return loss of the antenna, and the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, that is, the energy that actually enters the antenna more and more.
  • the S11 value of the closed slot single antenna is about -7dB ⁇ 0dB, and the S11 value of the antenna system in this embodiment is about -9dB ⁇ -0dB, it can be seen that , the S11 parameters of each antenna in the antenna system of this embodiment are better than the S11 parameters of a closed slot single antenna.
  • the S21 parameter of the antenna system in this embodiment is about less than -17dB, that is, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna system is almost It can reach more than 17dB, and in the 1.9GHz-1.95GHz and 2GHz-2.75GHz frequency bands, the S21 parameter is about less than -20dB, that is, the isolation can reach more than 20dB. It can be seen that the antenna system in this embodiment has a higher isolation Spend.
  • the abscissa represents the frequency
  • the unit is GHz
  • the ordinate represents the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna.
  • the dotted line represents the radiation efficiency
  • the solid line represents the system efficiency
  • the radiation efficiency is the value to measure the radiation capability of the antenna.
  • Metal loss , Dielectric loss are the influencing factors of radiation efficiency.
  • the system efficiency refers to the actual efficiency after the port matching of the antenna is considered, that is, the system efficiency of the antenna is the actual efficiency (ie, efficiency) of the antenna.
  • the efficiency is generally represented by a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB, and the closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna is.
  • the system efficiency of the first antenna in the antenna system is about -10dB to -5.5dB, and the radiation efficiency is about -6dB to -4.9dB.
  • the system efficiency of the antenna is about -10dB to -6.5dB, and the radiation efficiency is about -5.3dB to -4.2dB.
  • the efficiency curve of the second antenna is similar to the efficiency curve of the first antenna, only the antenna efficiency curve of the first antenna is shown in FIG. 4b. It can be seen that the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna system of this embodiment are better than those of the closed slot single antenna.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the antenna system in the electronic device of the embodiment of the present application
  • the structure of the antenna system of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the antenna system shown in FIG. 1 , the difference is that an adjusting device 16 is provided between the first radiator and the floor.
  • the adjustment device 16 may be a capacitor or an inductance L. As long as it is a device that can adjust the position of the reverse point generated when the current flows through each radiator and the floor, it does not depart from the scope of this application.
  • the adjustment The device 16 employs an inductance L. It should be understood that the solutions in Fig. 5 and Fig. 1 can be combined.
  • the adjustment device 16 is used to adjust the position of the reverse point generated when the current flows through each radiator and the floor, so that the current generated at the position where the first antenna is connected to the first radio frequency source (ground terminal and feed terminal)
  • the mode is orthogonal to the current mode generated at the position where the second antenna is connected to the two ends of the second radio frequency source (the ground terminal and the feeding terminal) to form a mode orthogonal to form a high isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna.
  • connection point A3 formed by connecting the adjustment device 16 to the first radiator 11 is located between the first feed connection point A1 and the second feed connection point A2.
  • ground point B5 formed by the connection of the adjustment device 16 to the floor is located between the first feed ground point B1 of the first radio frequency source RF1 and the second feed ground point B2 of the second radio frequency source RF2.
  • grounding point B5 formed by the connection of the adjustment device 16 to the floor is located on the floor area opposite to the gap 10
  • connection point A3 formed by the connection of the adjustment device 16 to the first radiator 11 is located on the first radiator 11 and the gap 10 opposing radiator segments.
  • the adjustment device 16 may not be provided, and the position of the reverse point is only adjusted through the capacitance C between the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13, or the capacitor C, adjust Devices 16 are not provided.
  • the length L1 of the closed slot is 72 mm (as shown in FIG. 6 a ), which is about 7/8 of the wavelength of the first antenna or the second antenna.
  • Simulation software is used to simulate and analyze the antenna system provided in this embodiment under different closed slot lengths, and the effect curves shown in FIGS. 7 to 8 are obtained.
  • FIG. 7 is the S parameter effect curve obtained when the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application is tested for the simulation effect
  • FIG. 8 is the simulation effect of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application under different closed slot lengths. Antenna efficiency comparison curve obtained during the test.
  • the S11 value of the antenna system in this embodiment is about -12dB to -0.01dB
  • the S21 parameter of the antenna system in this embodiment is about -37dB ⁇ -25dB, less than -25dB, that is, the isolation can reach more than 25dB. It can be seen that the antenna system in this embodiment has a relatively high isolation.
  • Simulation software is used to simulate and analyze the electronic equipment using a closed slot antenna of a reference design, and the electronic equipment using the antenna system of this embodiment under different closed slot lengths, and obtain the SAR values shown in Figures 9a to 9c data sheet.
  • SAR Specific Absorption Rate, English full name “Specific Absorption Rate” refers to the electromagnetic power absorbed by a unit mass of human tissue, and the unit is W/kg.
  • the SAR value is usually used internationally to measure the thermal effect of electronic equipment radiation.
  • the normalized SAR value indicates the measured SAR value when the normalized efficiency value of the antenna is -5dB (that is, the normalized efficiency shown in the table).
  • "Back-5mm” indicates a scene in which the back of the electronic device is 5 mm away from the body
  • Bottom-5mm indicates a scene in which the bottom of the electronic device is 5 mm away from the body.
  • the SAR value measured in this embodiment is 1.37W/kg in the scenario where the length of the closed slot is 40mm, the output power is 24dBm, the resonance frequency is 2GHz, and the back of the electronic device is -5mm away from the body.
  • the SAR value measured in the scene where the bottom of the electronic device is -5mm from the body is 1.1W/kg.
  • the SAR value measured in this embodiment is 0.95W/kg in the scenario where the length of the closed slot is 72mm, the output power is 24dBm, the resonance frequency is 2GHz, and the back of the electronic device is -5mm from the body.
  • the measured SAR value is 0.57W/kg in the scene where the bottom of the electronic device is -5mm away from the body.
  • this embodiment can also effectively reduce the SAR value of the antenna.
  • this embodiment can not only achieve high isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna and miniaturization of the antenna aperture, but also effectively reduce the antenna's SAR value.
  • the SAR value can even be reduced from 1.4W/kg to 0.95W/kg, which is about 32% lower.
  • the structure of the antenna system of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the antenna system shown in FIG. Or, one or more second slits are opened on the third radiator 13, or it can be understood that: at least one of the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 includes an L-shaped radiator segment and a suspended radiator segment , the feed end of the first radio frequency source RF1 can be connected to the L-shaped radiator section of the second radiator 12 or the suspended radiator section, and the feed end of the second radio frequency source RF2 can be connected to the L-shaped radiator of the third radiator 13 segment or suspended radiator segment.
  • the scheme in Fig. 10a may be combined with the schemes in the foregoing embodiments.
  • FIG. 10a and FIG. 10b are a first schematic structural diagram and a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application, wherein the number of suspended radiator segments is one.
  • the third radiator 13 is L-shaped, and the second radiator 12 includes an L-shaped radiator section 122 and a suspended radiator section 17.
  • the suspended radiator section 17 and the L-shaped radiator section 122 are arranged at an end-to-end relative interval, and the L-shaped radiation
  • the end of the body segment 122 away from the suspended radiator segment 17 forms the first end of the second radiator 12
  • the end of the suspended radiator segment 17 away from the L-shaped radiator segment 122 forms the second end of the second radiator 12 .
  • the second radiator 12 receives radio frequency signals through the L-shaped radiator section 122 ; that is, the feeding end of the first radio frequency source RF1 is connected to the L-shaped radiator section 122 .
  • the second radiator 12 may also be L-shaped
  • the third radiator 13 includes an L-shaped radiator segment and a suspended radiator segment 17,
  • the end of the L-shaped radiator section away from the suspended radiator section 17 constitutes the first end of the third radiator 13
  • the end of the suspended radiator section 17 away from the L-shaped radiator section constitutes the second end of the third radiator 13; correspondingly , the third radiator 13 receives radio frequency signals through the L-shaped radiator section; that is, the feeding end of the second radio frequency source RF2 is connected to the L-shaped radiator section.
  • the suspended radiator section 17 may be connected to the L-shaped radiator section 122 through a capacitor, such as a capacitor C1, wherein the form of the capacitor is not limited, and may be a distributed coupling capacitor or a lumped capacitor.
  • a capacitor such as a capacitor C1
  • the form of the capacitor is not limited, and may be a distributed coupling capacitor or a lumped capacitor.
  • FIG. 10c is a schematic diagram of the second principle structure of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the second structure is basically the same as the first structure, except that the first slot and the second slot are At least one gap is provided with a capacitor.
  • each first gap and each second gap is provided with a capacitor.
  • the number of suspended radiator segments is 2, and the suspended radiator segments pass through Capacitor C is connected, and the second radiator 12 includes an L-shaped radiator section 122 and a suspended radiator section 17 (that is, the suspended radiator section 17 on the left side in FIG. 10c ), and the suspended radiator section 17 of the second radiator 12
  • the L-shaped radiator segment 122 is connected to the second radiator 12 through the capacitor C1.
  • the third radiator 13 includes an L-shaped radiator section 132 and a suspended radiator section 17 (that is, the suspended radiator section 17 on the right side in FIG. 10c), and the suspended radiator section 17 of the third radiator 13 is connected through a capacitor C2
  • the L-shaped radiator section 132 of the third radiator 13 The feeding end of the first radio frequency source RF1 is connected to the L-shaped radiator section 122 , and the feeding end of the second radio frequency source RF2 is connected to the suspended radiator section 17 of the third radiator 13 .
  • the suspended radiator section 17 of the second radiator 12 can be used as the radiator of the first antenna to radiate outwards, and can also be used as the radiator of the second antenna to radiate outwards (at this time, the suspended radiator of the second radiator 12 radiates outwards).
  • Body segment 17 is used as other radiators in the second antenna that do not belong to the third radiator).
  • Figure 11a is a schematic diagram of the third principle structure of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 11b and Figure 11c are the third three-dimensional structure diagram of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application
  • the third The first structure is basically the same as the second structure, the difference is that the feed end of the first radio frequency source RF1 is connected to the suspended radiator section 17 of the second radiator 12, and the feed end of the second radio frequency source RF2 is connected to The suspended radiator segment 17 of the third radiator 13 .
  • the second radiator 12 or the third radiator 13 there may be multiple suspended radiators.
  • the second radiator 12 when the second radiator 12 includes multiple When there are three suspended radiator sections, the L-shaped radiator section 122 and a plurality of suspended radiator sections 17 are arranged end-to-end in sequence, and at this time, the last suspended radiator section in the multiple suspended radiator sections is far away from the L-shaped radiator One end of the segment constitutes the second end of the second radiator 12 .
  • the feed end of the first radio frequency source RF1 can be connected to the L-shaped radiator section 122 or any suspended radiator section 17 in the plurality of suspended radiator sections, further, each suspended radiator section 17 is connected to the adjacent suspended radiator section Radiator segments are connected by capacitance, the first suspended radiator segment 17 is connected to the L-shaped radiator segment by capacitor, and the last suspended radiator segment is connected to the second end of the third radiator 13 by capacitor C.
  • connection relationship in the third radiator is similar to that in the second radiator, and will not be repeated here.
  • the antenna system of this embodiment is simulated and analyzed when there is one suspended radiator section and two suspended radiator sections, and the effect curves shown in FIGS. 12 to 13 are obtained.
  • FIG. 12 is a comparison curve of the S-parameter effect obtained when the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application has 1 suspended radiator section and 2 suspended radiator sections when performing simulation effect tests
  • Fig. 13 is a comparison curve diagram of the antenna efficiency obtained when the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application performs a simulation effect test when there is one suspended radiator section and when there are two suspended radiator sections;
  • the S11 value of the antenna system in this embodiment is about -14dB to -1dB when there is one suspended radiator section, and the antenna system in this embodiment
  • the S11 value of the system is about -13.5dB to -0.5dB when there are two suspended radiator sections, and the S21 value of the antenna system in this embodiment is about -54dB to -26dB when there is one suspended radiator section, which is less than -25dB, that is, the isolation can reach more than 25dB.
  • the antenna system of this embodiment has an S21 value of about -24dB to -19dB when there are two suspended radiator sections, which is less than -20dB, that is, the isolation can reach more than 20dB. It can be seen that the antenna system in this embodiment has a relatively high isolation.
  • Simulation software is used to simulate and analyze the electronic equipment of the antenna system using this embodiment when there is one suspended radiator section and the electronic equipment of the antenna system when there are two suspended radiator sections, and obtain the results shown in Figures 14a to 14b SAR values shown in the data sheet.
  • the SAR value of the antenna system with one suspended radiator section is lower than that of the antenna system with two suspended radiator sections.
  • Fig. 16a and Fig. 16b are three-dimensional structural diagrams of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application; the structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the antenna system shown in Fig. 1, the difference is that:
  • Both the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 are L-shaped, along the thickness direction of the closed slot (that is, the direction perpendicular to the PCB board 20 in FIG. It is located on the side of the first radiator 11 away from the floor (such as the PCB board 20 shown in FIG. 16a ). Or it can be understood as: Compared with the antenna system shown in FIG. 1 , the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 in this embodiment are based on the antenna system shown in FIG. 1 and go around the first radiator 11 away from the PCB. The orientation of the plate 20 is rotated by 90°. It should be understood that the scheme in Fig. 16a may be combined with the schemes in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including the antenna system 1 involved in any one of the foregoing implementation manners.
  • the electronic device is a mobile phone as an example
  • the first radiator 11 in this embodiment can be formed by the metal outer frame of the mobile phone
  • the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 It may be formed by an embedded metal structural part embedded in the metal frame of the mobile phone, such as a metal sheet.
  • the embedded metal structure wraps the interior of the mobile phone without affecting the appearance of the mobile phone.
  • Figure 15 shows a reference design of a slotted antenna.
  • a single antenna with slots can be designed, that is, case1, and a dual antenna can be designed with dual antennas, that is, case2.
  • Simulation software is used to simulate and analyze a reference design of a single open slot antenna (i.e. case1), a reference design of an open slot dual antenna (i.e. case2), and the antenna system of this embodiment, and obtain results as shown in Figures 17 to 28 The effect curve shown.
  • Figure 17 shows the simulation results of a reference design of a single slot antenna (ie case1), a reference design of a dual slot antenna (ie case2), and the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the S-parameter effect comparison curve obtained by the test is a reference design of a single slot antenna (ie case1), a reference design of a dual slot antenna (ie case2), and the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application Antenna efficiency comparison curve obtained from simulation effect test.
  • the S11 value of the single antenna with open slot (ie case1) is about -5dB to -4.8dB
  • the S11 value of the dual antenna with open slot (ie case2) It is about -6.5dB ⁇ -1.5dB
  • the S11 value of the antenna system in this embodiment is about -11.5dB ⁇ -2.5dB
  • the S21 value of the dual antenna with open slots (ie case2) is about -21dB ⁇ -13dB.
  • the S21 value of the antenna system in this mode is about -22dB ⁇ -15.5dB, that is, the isolation can reach more than 20dB. It can be seen that the antenna system in this embodiment has a relatively high isolation.
  • Simulation software is used to simulate and analyze the electronic equipment of a reference-designed open-slot single antenna (i.e., case1) and the electronic equipment using the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application, and obtain the SAR value data as shown in Figures 19a to 19b surface.
  • the output power of this embodiment is 24dBm
  • the resonant frequency is 1.9GHz
  • the SAR value measured in the scene where the back of the electronic device is -5mm from the body is 0.82W/kg.
  • the SAR value measured at a distance of -5mm from the body is 0.93W/kg.
  • the SAR value of the antenna system of this embodiment is lower.
  • Figure 20 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application; wherein, the number of suspended radiation sections is 2; the structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the antenna system shown in Figure 16a, the difference
  • the advantage is that the antenna system also includes two suspended radiator segments.
  • the suspended radiator segments are connected through a capacitor C.
  • the second radiator 12 includes an L-shaped radiator section 122 and a suspended radiator section 17 (that is, the suspended radiator section 17 on the left side in FIG. 20 ), and the third radiator 13 includes an L-shaped radiator section 132 and a suspended radiator section 17.
  • Radiator section 17 that is, the suspended radiator section 17 on the right side in FIG.
  • the feeding end of the first radio frequency source RF1 is connected to the L-shaped radiator section 122, and the feeding end of the second radio frequency source RF2 is connected to the L-shaped radiator section 122.
  • Shaped radiator segment 132 It should be understood that the scheme in FIG. 20 may be combined with the schemes in the foregoing embodiments.
  • Simulation software is used to simulate and analyze the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application and obtain the effect curves shown in FIGS. 21 to 22 .
  • Figure 21 is a comparison curve of S-parameter effects obtained from the simulation effect test of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 22 is a comparison of antenna efficiency obtained from the simulation effect test of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application.
  • curve A1 and curve A2 respectively represent the S11 value and S21 value of the antenna system in one implementation mode of this embodiment
  • curve B1 and curve B2 respectively represent the S11 value of the antenna system in another implementation mode of this embodiment and S21 values
  • the S11 value of the antenna system in this embodiment is about -10.5dB to -2.5dB
  • the antenna system in this embodiment The S21 value of the system is about -19dB to -15dB.
  • the S11 value of the antenna system in this embodiment is about -10.5dB to -2.5dB.
  • the S21 value of the antenna system in this embodiment is about - 19dB ⁇ -14dB.
  • curve A1 and curve A2 respectively represent the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna system in one implementation of this embodiment
  • curve B1 and curve B2 respectively represent the system efficiency of the antenna system in another implementation of this embodiment and radiation efficiency, as can be seen from Figure 22, within the working frequency range of 1.825 GHz to 1.95 GHz, in one implementation mode, the system efficiency of this embodiment is -5dB to -3dB, and the radiation efficiency is -2.7dB to - 2.4dB. In another implementation manner, the system efficiency of the antenna system in this embodiment is -4dB to -2.2dB, and the radiation efficiency is -1.85dB to -1.8dB. It should be noted that, since the efficiency curve of the second antenna of the antenna system in this embodiment is similar to the efficiency curve of the first antenna, only the antenna efficiency curve of the first antenna is shown in FIG. 22 .
  • the simulation software is used to simulate and analyze the electronic equipment adopting the antenna system of the embodiment and obtain the SAR value data tables shown in Fig. 23a-Fig. 23b.
  • the SAR value of this embodiment measured under the scenario where the output power is 24dBm, the resonance frequency is 1.9GHz and the back of the electronic device is -5mm from the body is 0.82W/ kg
  • the SAR value of the antenna system of this embodiment measured in a scene where the bottom of the electronic device is -5 mm from the body is 0.93 W/kg.
  • the SAR value of this embodiment measured under the scenario where the output power is 24dBm, the resonance frequency is 1.95GHz and the back of the electronic device is -5mm from the body is 0.66W /kg
  • the SAR value of the antenna system of this embodiment measured in a scene where the bottom of the electronic device is -5mm from the body is 0.57W/kg.
  • the SAR value of the antenna system in another implementation manner of this embodiment is lower.
  • FIG. 24a is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 24b is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an antenna system according to an embodiment of this application.
  • both the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 are L-shaped, and along the width w direction of the closed slot, the non-closed slot 15 is located on the side of the first radiator 11 away from the closed slot 14 .
  • the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 of this embodiment are based on the antenna system shown in FIG. 5 and go around the first radiator 11 to face away from the PCB The orientation of the plate 20 is rotated by 90°.
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including the antenna system 1 involved in any one of the foregoing implementation manners.
  • the electronic device is a mobile phone as an example.
  • the first radiator 11 in this embodiment can be made of a metal battery cover in the mobile phone, or a PCB board, or a frame in a structural part, or an FPC board, or Copper foil is formed, for example, a closed groove is directly processed on the metal battery cover or the PCB board, and then the first radiator 11 is formed on the metal battery cover or the PCB board.
  • the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 can be formed by the metal frame of the mobile phone, or embedded metal structural parts embedded in the metal frame, or can be formed on the bracket of the electronic device through the laser direct forming process. , it can also be attached to the structure near the antenna by FPC technology, such as on the bracket of the mobile phone or on the battery cover.
  • FIG. 25a is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 25b is a schematic structural diagram of another schematic structure of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application
  • the structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the antenna system shown in Fig. 24a, the difference is that the antenna system also includes two suspended radiator segments.
  • the suspended radiator segments are connected through a capacitor C.
  • the second radiator 12 includes an L-shaped radiator section 122 and a suspended radiator section 17 (ie, the suspended radiator section 17 on the left side in FIG. 25 a ), and the suspended radiator section 17 of the second radiator 12 is connected through a capacitor C1
  • the third radiator 13 Based on the L-shaped radiator section 122 of the second radiator 12, the third radiator 13 includes an L-shaped radiator section 132 and a suspended radiator section 17 (that is, the suspended radiator section 17 on the right side in FIG.
  • the suspended radiator section 17 of the three radiators 13 is connected to the L-shaped radiator section 132 of the third radiator 13 through a capacitor C2.
  • the feed end of the first radio frequency source RF1 is connected to On the suspended radiator section 17 of the second radiator 12 , the feeding end of the second radio frequency source RF2 is connected to the suspended radiator section 17 of the third radiator 13 .
  • the feeding end of the first radio frequency source RF1 is connected to the suspended radiator section 17 of the second radiator 12, and the feeding end of the second radio frequency source RF2 is connected to the third radiator 13 L-shaped radiator segments 132 . It should be understood that the scheme in Fig. 24a can be combined with the schemes in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including the antenna system 1 involved in any one of the foregoing implementation manners.
  • the antenna system of this embodiment is simulated and analyzed by using simulation software, and the effect curves shown in FIGS. 26 to 27 are obtained.
  • Figure 26 is the S-parameter effect curve obtained by simulating the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 27 is a comparison of the antenna efficiency obtained by simulating the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application Graph.
  • the S11 value of the antenna system of this embodiment is about -3.6dB ⁇ -14.2dB, and the S21 value is about -14dB ⁇ -12dB.
  • the system efficiency of the antenna system of this embodiment is -4dB to -2.5dB, and the radiation efficiency is -2.5dB to -2.3dB. It should be noted that, since the efficiency curve of the second antenna of the antenna system in this embodiment is similar to the efficiency curve of the first antenna, only the antenna efficiency curve of the first antenna is shown in FIG. 27 .
  • FIG. 28a is a schematic perspective view of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the antenna system shown in Figure 1, the difference being that:
  • the antenna system 1 also includes a radiation branch 111 and a radiation branch 112 arranged at both ends of the first radiator 11. Both the radiation branch 111 and the radiation branch 112 extend away from the first radiator 11, and the radiation branch 111 and the radiation branch 112 are away from the first radiator. One end of a radiator 11 is a free end.
  • the radiating branch 111 and the radiating branch 112 respectively form a slit with the PCB 20.
  • the slit 18 on the left side of FIG. 28a is formed between the radiating branch 111 and the PCB 20, Form the slit 18 on the right side of Fig. 28a.
  • the scheme in Fig. 28a can be combined with the schemes in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • both the radiation branch 111 and the radiation branch 112 are L-shaped, wherein the horizontal part of the radiation branch 111 and the horizontal part of the radiation branch 112 are located on the same side as the first radiator 11, and the radiation branch The vertical portion 111 is located on a first side different from the first radiator 11 , and the vertical portion of the radiation branch 112 is located on a second side different from the first radiator 11 .
  • FIG. 28b and FIG. 28c are schematic structural diagrams of the switch circuit SW1 and the switch circuit SW2 in the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application respectively; the antenna system 1 of the embodiment also includes The switch circuit SW1 between the branch 111 and the PCB 20 and the switch circuit SW2 connected between the radiation branch 112 and the PCB 20 .
  • the switch circuit SW1 includes a switch K1, an inductor LA and an inductor L B , one end of the switch K1 is connected to the radiation branch 111, one end of the inductor LA and one end of the inductor L B are connected to the PCB board 20, the switch K1 can be in the first position and Switch between the second position, when the switch K1 is in the first position, the other end of the switch K1 is connected to the other end of the inductor L A , at this time, the inductor L A is electrically connected between the PCB board 20 and the radiation branch 111, the switch The circuit SW1 is in the first connection state; when the switch K1 is in the second position, the other end of the switch K1 is connected to the other end of the inductor LB , at this time, the inductor LB is electrically connected between the PCB board 20 and the radiation branch 111, The switch circuit SW1 is in the second connection state.
  • the working principle of the switch circuit SW2 is similar to that of the switch circuit SW1 , which can be understood with reference to the above and FIG. SW2 is in the first connection state, and when the inductor L D is electrically connected between the PCB board 20 and the radiation stub 112 , the switch circuit SW2 is in the second connection state.
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including the antenna system 1 involved in any one of the foregoing implementation manners.
  • Simulation software is used to simulate and analyze the antenna system of this embodiment when both the switch circuit SW1 and the switch circuit SW2 are in the first connection state and in the second connection state respectively, and the effect curve shown in FIG. 29 is obtained.
  • Figure 29 shows the S parameters of the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present application obtained by performing simulation effects when the switch circuit SW1 and the switch circuit SW2 are both in the first connection state and in the second connection state.
  • the effect curve diagram, Fig. 30 is a simulation effect test for the antenna system shown in Fig. 1 of the present application, the antenna system switch circuit SW1 and the switch circuit SW2 of the embodiment of the present application when both are in the first connection state and when they are both in the second connection state Obtained antenna efficiency comparison graph.
  • Table 1 for the simulation parameters of the antenna system shown in Figure 1, please refer to Table 1 above.
  • each antenna in the antenna system can generate two Two resonances (i.e. double resonances), when the switch circuits SW1 and SW2 are in the first connection state, the resonance frequencies of the two resonances are 1.785GHz and 2.215GHz respectively, wherein the resonance with the resonance frequency of 1.785GHz is the main resonance, and , it can also be seen from Figure 29 that when the antenna system works at the resonant frequency of the main resonance (1.785GHz), the isolation between the antennas is better than the isolation between the antennas when it works at another resonant frequency (2.215GHz) Spend.
  • the resonance frequencies of the two resonances are 1.875 GHz and 2.05 GHz respectively, wherein the resonance with the resonance frequency of 1.875 GHz is the main resonance, and, as can be seen from FIG. 29 ,
  • the antenna system works at the resonant frequency of the main resonance (1.875GHz)
  • the isolation between the antennas is better than when it works at another resonant frequency (2.05GHz).
  • the S11 value of the antenna system of this embodiment is less than -6dB.
  • the switch circuit SW1 When both SW2 and SW2 are in the second connection state, in the ranges of 1.82GHz-1.95GHz and 2GHz-2.08GHz, the S11 value of the antenna system of this embodiment is about less than -6dB.
  • the S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard.
  • the S11 value of the antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is better.
  • curve A1 represents the system efficiency of each antenna in the antenna system shown in FIG. 1 of the present application
  • curve A2 represents the radiation efficiency of each antenna in the antenna system shown in FIG. 1 of the present application.
  • the system efficiency of each antenna in the antenna system is about -4.5 dB to -5 dB, and the radiation efficiency is about is -3.4dB ⁇ -2.7dB; in the antenna system of this embodiment, when the switch circuit SW1 and the switch circuit SW2 are both in the second connection state, the system efficiency of each antenna in the antenna system is about -3dB ⁇ -3.2dB, and the radiation efficiency About -2dB ⁇ -2.6dB.
  • the system efficiency of each antenna in the antenna system shown in FIG. 1 is about -7dB ⁇ -5.2dB, and the radiation efficiency is about -4.9dB ⁇ -4dB.
  • the antenna efficiency of the antenna system provided by this embodiment is better than that of the antenna system shown in Figure 1 of the present application.
  • the switch circuits SW1 and SW2 in this embodiment are both in the second connection state The antenna efficiency when is better than the antenna efficiency when in the first connection state.
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic perspective view of the antenna system in this embodiment. This embodiment is basically the same as the structure of the antenna system shown in Figure 28a, the difference is that:
  • Both the radiation branch 111 and the radiation branch 112 extend along a direction parallel to the first radiator 11 , and both the radiation branch 111 and the radiation branch 112 are on the same side as the first radiator 11 . Moreover, there is no switch circuit between the first radiator 11 and the PCB board.
  • a switch circuit may also be provided between the first radiator 11 and the PCB board.
  • one of the radiation branch 111 and the radiation branch 112 is L-shaped, and the other extends in a direction parallel to the first radiator 11, wherein, the horizontal part of the L-shaped radiation branch and the first radiator 12 are on the same side, and its vertical part is located on the side adjacent to the first radiator.
  • Another radiating branch is on the same side as the first radiating body 12 .
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including the antenna system 1 involved in any one of the foregoing implementation manners.
  • the antenna system of this embodiment is simulated and analyzed by using simulation software, and the effect curves shown in FIG. 32 and FIG. 33 are obtained.
  • Fig. 32 is the S-parameter effect curve obtained from the simulation effect test of the antenna system of the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 33 is the structure of the antenna system shown in Fig. 1 of the present application, and the antenna system of the present embodiment respectively Antenna efficiency comparison curve obtained through simulation effect test.
  • each antenna in the antenna system can generate two resonances (that is, double resonances), and the resonance frequencies of the two resonances are 1.75 GHz and 2.415 GHz, respectively.
  • the resonance with a resonance frequency of 1.75GHz is the main resonance, and it can also be seen from Figure 32 that when the antenna system works at the resonance frequency (1.75GHz) of the main resonance, the isolation between antennas is better than that at another resonance Isolation at frequency (2.415GHz) operation.
  • the S11 value of the antenna system of this embodiment is less than about -6dB.
  • curve A1 represents the system efficiency of the antenna system shown in FIG. 1 of the present application
  • curve A2 represents the radiation efficiency of the antenna system shown in FIG. 1 of the present application.
  • the antenna efficiency of the antenna system of this embodiment is about -8.8dB ⁇ -5dB
  • the radiation efficiency of the antenna system of this embodiment is about -4.6dB ⁇ -3.8dB
  • the radiation efficiency and antenna efficiency of the antenna system provided by this embodiment are both better than the antenna system shown in FIG. 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. This embodiment is basically the same as the structure of the antenna system shown in Figure 1 of the present application, the difference being:
  • the second radiator 12 and the third radiator 13 are respectively connected to the same radio frequency source RF through a duplexer 23 .
  • the second radiator 12 receives the first radio frequency signal output from the radio frequency source RF through the duplexer 23
  • the third radiator 13 receives the second radio frequency signal output from the radio frequency source RF through the duplexer 23 .
  • the duplexer 23 may also be a combiner, which does not limit the protection scope of the present application. It should be understood that the scheme in FIG. 34 can be combined with the schemes in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including the antenna system mentioned in any one of the foregoing implementation manners.
  • the antenna system of this embodiment is simulated and analyzed by using simulation software, and the effect curves shown in FIG. 35 and FIG. 36 are obtained.
  • FIG. 35 is an S-parameter effect curve obtained by simulating the antenna system of this embodiment
  • FIG. 36 is an antenna efficiency curve obtained by simulating the antenna system of this embodiment. It can be seen from FIG. 35 that when the radio frequency source RF excites the second radiator, the antenna of this embodiment can generate a resonance at a frequency of 1.8 GHz. When working at this frequency, the S21 value of the antenna is -29dB. When the radio frequency source When RF excites the third radiator, the antenna of this embodiment can generate a resonance at 1.845 GHz. When working at this frequency, the S21 value of the antenna is -35dB. It can be seen that the antenna of this embodiment can ensure high isolation.
  • the S11 value of the antenna of this embodiment is less than -6dB.

Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种天线系统与电子设备，其中，天线系统包括第一天线和第二天线，第一天线包括第一辐射体和第二辐射体，第二天线包括第一辐射体和第三辐射体；第一辐射体的两端分别电连接到地板，第二辐射体的第一端与第三辐射体的第一端相对远离，并分别连接或耦合于第一辐射体，第二辐射体的第二端与第三辐射体的第二端相对设置，且形成间隙，天线系统通过第二辐射体上的第一馈电连接点为第一天线馈电，通过第三辐射体上的第二馈电连接点为第二天线馈电，构造了一种全新的天线系统，能够实现第一天线与第二天线之间的高隔离度，同时还能够实现天线口径的小型化与低SAR值。

Description

天线系统及电子设备
本申请要求于2021年08月11日提交中国专利局、申请号为CN202110919516.6、申请名称为“天线系统及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及天线领域，尤其是涉及一种天线系统及电子设备。
背景技术
随着5G技术的逐渐发展与普及，越来越多的天线需要集成在终端设备中，多个天线在工作时，若天线间的隔离度不佳，天线间会发生相互耦合，从而导致终端设备的数据吞吐受限，影响用户体验，甚至，当大功率发射信号耦合进入其他收发机通道是时还会引起通路阻塞或器件损坏，因此，多个天线间的相互耦合影响成为了业界亟待解决的难题。
现有技术中，可通过正交模式解耦技术或模式相消解耦技术对多个天线间的相互耦合进行解耦，进而提高天线之间的隔离度。
然而，正交模式解耦技术需要天线存在两个或两个以上正交的特征模式，并且结合不同的馈电设计才能实现解耦，模式相消解耦技术则需要牺牲一半的天线口径进行天线之间的解耦，这样会使得单个天线的效率较低，从而，在保证各天线效率的情况下，难以实现天线口径的小型化。
可见，现有技术中，针对单一特征模式的天线，难以同时兼顾天线的高隔离度与天线口径的小型化。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于解决现有技术中，针对单一特征模式的天线，难以同时兼顾天线的高隔离度与天线口径小型化的问题，因此，本申请提供了一种天线系统及电子设备，使第一天线与第二天线在各自的射频源两端(接地端与射频端)产生较高的隔离度，进而，实现了第一天线与第二天线之间的高隔离度(或可理解为第一天线与第二天线的解耦)。
本申请实施例提供了一种天线系统，
第一天线、第二天线和地板，第一天线包括第一辐射体和第二辐射体，第二天线包括第一辐射体和第三辐射体；
第一辐射体的两端分别电连接到地板；
第二辐射体的第一端与第三辐射体的第一端相对远离，并分别连接或耦合于第一辐射体，第二辐射体的第二端与第三辐射体的第二端相对设置，且形成间隙；
其中，第二辐射体包括第一馈电连接点，天线系统通过第一馈电连接点为第一天线馈电，第三辐射体包括第二馈电连接点，天线系统通过第二馈电连接点为第二天线馈电。
其中，第一辐射体与地板围合形成一闭合槽；第一辐射体、第二辐射体、第三辐射体和间隙围合形成一非闭合槽。第二辐射体的第一馈电连接点连接于电子设备的第一射频源的馈电端，以接收第一射频源输出的射频信号，使得第一天线向外辐射，第一射频源的接地端连接地板；第三辐射体的第二馈电连接点连接于电子设备的第二射频源的馈电端，以接收第二射频源输出的射频信号，使得第二天线向外辐 射，第二射频源的接地端连接地板。
在本申请实施例中，通过分别连接于第一辐射体的第二辐射体与第三辐射体，以及；连接于第二辐射体与地板间的第一射频源、连接于第三辐射体与地板间的第二射频源，构造了一种全新的天线系统，基于该结构的天线，能够使得：当第一射频源做激励时，在第一天线上连接第一射频源的馈电端位置处产生的电流与地板上连接第一射频源的接地端位置处产生的电流为同向模式，同时，第二天线上连接第二射频源的馈电端位置处产生的电流与地板上连接第二射频源的接地端位置处产生的电流为对流模式。同样的，当第二射频源做激励时，在第一天线上连接第一射频源的馈电端位置处产生的电流与地板上连接第一射频源的接地端位置处产生的电流为对流模式，同时，在第二天线上连接第二射频源的馈电端位置处产生的电流与地板上连接第二射频源的接地端位置处产生的电流为同向模式。
由于同向模式与对流模式形成模式正交，即：当第一射频源做激励时，第一天线上连接第一射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式与第二天线上连接第二射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式形成了模式正交，同理，当第二射频源做激励时，第一天线上连接第一射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式与第二天线上连接第二射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式也形成了模式正交，因而，本申请实施例能够利用该结构实现：在同时激励第一天线和第二天线时，通过使第一天线与第二天线在各自的射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)产生较高的隔离度，进而使第一天线与第二天线之间产生较高的隔离度，即实现了第一天线与第二天线的解耦。
进一步的，本申请实施例中，由于第一天线与第二天线共用了第一辐射体，因而能够在与传统闭合槽天线同等口径的条件下构造出两个天线，使天线的带宽效率增加至少一倍，换言之，在带宽效率相同的条件下，本申请实施例的天线系统相较于传统的闭合槽天线，天线口径可缩小至少一半，因而，本实施例相较于传统的闭合槽天线能够实现天线口径的小型化。
在一些可能的实施例中，沿闭合槽的宽度方向，非闭合槽位于第一辐射体靠近闭合槽的一侧。
在一些可能的实施例中，沿闭合槽的宽度方向，非闭合槽位于第一辐射体远离闭合槽的一侧。
在一些可能的实施例中，沿闭合槽的厚度方向，非闭合槽与第一辐射体部分重叠，并位于第一辐射体远离地板的一侧。
在一些实施例中，天线系统还包括调节器件，调节器件的一端连接于第一辐射体，调节器件的另一端连接于地板；调节器件为电容和/或电感。
在本实施例中，通过设于第一辐射体与地板之间的电容或电感，能够调节闭合槽上电流的方向，具体的，通过选择与天线口径匹配的电容或电感，能够调节闭合槽上电流的流向，进而能够在第一射频源做激励时或第二射频源做激励时，均满足第一天线连接第一射频源两端(即馈电端与接地端)位置处的电流模式与第二天线连接第二射频源两端(即馈电端与接地端)位置处的电流模式形成模式正交，即第一天线与第二天线之间具有较高隔离度，同时，使天线的口径(或可理解为闭合槽的长度)具有较为广泛的选择范围，为本实施例天线系统在不同应用场景下的应用提供基础。
在一些实施例中，第一辐射体、第二辐射体、第三辐射以和间隙形成一非闭合槽，沿非闭合槽的长度方向，调节器件与第一辐射体连接形成的连接点位于第一馈电连接点和第二馈电连接点之间。
在一些可能的实施例中，调节器件与地板连接形成的接地点位于第一射频源的接地端与地板连接形成的第一馈电接地点、和第二射频源的接地端与地板连接形成的第二馈电接地点之间。
在一些可能的实施例中，调节器件与地板连接形成的接地点位于地板上与间隙相对的地板区域，调节器件与第一辐射体连接形成的连接点位于第一辐射体上与间隙相对的辐射体段。
在一些实施例中，间隙处设有电容，电容的两端分别连接于第二辐射体的第二端与第三辐射体的第 二端。
在一些实施例中，第二辐射体和第三辐射体均呈L形。
在一些实施例中，第二辐射体上开设有一个或多个第一缝隙，和/或，第三辐射体上开设有一个或多个第二缝隙。
在一些可能的实施例中，第二辐射体和第三辐射体中的一个辐射体呈L形，另一个辐射体包括L形辐射体段和至少一个悬浮辐射体段，其中，L形辐射体段远离至少一个悬浮辐射体段的一端构成另一个辐射体的第一端，至少一个悬浮辐射体段远离L形辐射体段的一端构成另一个辐射体的第二端；
另一个辐射体通过L形辐射体段或者至少一个悬浮辐射体段中的任一悬浮辐射体段接收射频信号；
或者：
第二辐射体和第三辐射体均包括L形辐射体段和至少一个悬浮辐射体段，其中，在第二辐射体中，L形辐射体段远离至少一个悬浮辐射体段的一端构成第二辐射体的第一端，至少一个悬浮辐射体段远离L形辐射体段的一端构成第二辐射体的第二端，第一馈电连接点设于第二辐射体中的L形辐射体或者至少一个悬浮辐射体段中的任一悬浮辐射体段；
在第三辐射体中，L形辐射体段远离至少一个悬浮辐射体段的一端构成第三辐射体的第一端，至少一个悬浮辐射体段远离L形辐射体段的一端构成第三辐射体的第二端，第二馈电连接点设于第三辐射体中的L形辐射体或者至少一个悬浮辐射体段中的任一悬浮辐射体段。
在一些实施例中，第一缝隙和第二缝隙中的至少一个缝隙处设有电容。
在一些可能的实施例中，每个第一缝隙和每个第二缝隙处均设有电容。
在一些可能的实施例中，L形辐射体段通过电容连接于至少一个悬浮辐射体段靠近L形辐射体段的一端；
当至少一个悬浮辐射体段为多个悬浮辐射体段时，每个悬浮辐射体段均通过电容连接于相邻的悬浮辐射体段。
本申请实施例利用L形辐射体段与至少一个悬浮辐射体段，同时各辐射段之间通过电容连接后形成第二辐射体和/或第三辐射体，这样的结构能够进一步有助于天线口径的小型化，同时有助于降低天线系统的SAR值(Specific Absorption Ratio，比吸收率)。
在一些实施例中，闭合槽的长度大于或等于第一天线或第二天线的1/2倍波长且小于第一天线或第二天线的一倍波长。
在一些可能的实施例中，第一射频源的接地端与地板连接形成的第一馈电接地点、以及第一射频源的馈电端与第二辐射体连接形成的第一馈电连接点均位于间隙的一侧，第二射频源的接地端与地板连接形成的第二馈电接地点、以及第二射频源的馈电端与第三辐射体连接形成的第二馈电连接点位于间隙的另一侧；并且，第一射频源的接地端与地板连接形成的第一馈电接地点、以及第二射频源的接地端与地板连接形成的第二馈电接地点均位于闭合槽内。
在一些可能的实施例中，第一射频源的接地端与地板连接形成的第一馈电接地点以及第一射频源的馈电端与第二辐射体连接形成的第一馈电连接点沿闭合槽的宽度方向对齐，第二射频源的接地端与地板连接形成的第二馈电接地点以及第二射频源的馈电端与第三辐射体连接形成的第二馈电连接点沿闭合槽的宽度方向对齐。
在一些实施例中，第一射频源与第二射频源为不同的射频源或同一射频源。
本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，包括以上任一实施例或任意可能的实施例中所提供的天线系统。
在一些实施例中，第一辐射体由电子设备的金属边框或嵌设于金属边框内的内嵌金属结构件形成，第二辐射体和第三辐射体均由电子设备的金属结构件形成，或，均通过激光直接成型工艺形成于电子设备的支架上。
在一些实施例中，第一辐射体由电子设备的金属边框形成，第二辐射体和第三辐射体均由电子设备中嵌设于金属边框内的内嵌金属结构件形成。
在一些实施例中，第一辐射体由电子设备的金属电池盖或电子设备的金属中框形成；第二辐射体和第三辐射体均由电子设备的金属边框形成，或均由嵌设于金属边框内的内嵌金属结构件形成，或均通过激光直接成型工艺形成于电子设备的支架上。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例的天线系统的原理结构示意图；
图2a为本申请实施例的电子设备中天线系统的立体结构示意图；其中，第二辐射体与第三辐射体均呈L形，且沿闭合槽的宽度方向，非闭合槽位于第一辐射体靠近闭合槽的一侧；
图2b为图2a中天线系统的局部放大示意图；
图3为一种参考设计的闭合槽单天线的结构示意图；
图4a和图4b为分别对一种参考设计的闭合槽单天线与本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试时获得的S参数效果对比曲线图、天线效率对比曲线图；
图5为本申请实施例的天线系统的原理结构示意图；其中，第一辐射体与地板之间设有调节器件，第二辐射体与第三辐射体之间设有电容；
图6a为本申请实施例的电子设备中天线系统的立体结构示意图；
图6b为图6a中天线系统的局部放大结构示意图；
图7为对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试时获得的S参数效果曲线图；
图8为对本申请实施例的天线系统在不同闭合槽长度下进行仿真效果测试时获得的天线效率对比曲线图；
图9a、图9b、图9c为对采用一种参考设计的闭合槽单天线的电子设备、采用本申请实施例在不同闭合槽长度下的天线系统的电子设备分别进行仿真效果测试获得的SAR值数据表；
图10a和图10b为本申请实施例的天线系统的第一种原理结构示意图和立体结构示意图，其中，悬浮辐射体段的数量为1个；
图10c为本申请实施例的天线系统的第二种原理结构示意图；
图11a为本申请实施例的天线系统的第三种原理结构示意图；
图11b、图11c均为本申请实施例的天线系统的第三种立体结构图；
图12和图13为本申请实施例的天线系统分别在悬浮辐射体段为1个和悬浮辐射体段为2个时进行仿真效果测试时获得的S参数效果对比曲线图、天线效率对比曲线图；
图14a、图14b分别为对采用本申请实施例在悬浮辐射体段为1个的天线系统的电子设备、悬浮辐射体段为2个的天线系统的电子设备进行仿真效果测试获得的SAR值数据表；
图15为一种参考设计的开口槽双天线的立体结构图；
图16a、图16b均为本申请实施例的天线系统的立体结构图；其中，第二辐射体与第三辐射体均呈L形，且沿闭合槽的厚度方向，非闭合槽位于第一辐射体远离地板的一侧；
图17和图18为分别对一种参考设计的开口槽单天线(即case1)、一种参考设计的开口槽双天线(即 case2)、本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试获得的S参数效果对比曲线图、天线效率对比曲线图；
图19a、图19b分别为对采用一种参考设计的开口槽单天线(即case1)的电子设备、采用本申请实施例的天线系统的电子设备进行仿真效果测试获得的SAR值数据表；
图20为本申请实施例的天线系统的立体结构图；其中，悬浮辐射段的数量为2个；
图21和图22为分别对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试获得的S参数效果对比曲线图、天线效率对比曲线图；
图23a、图23b分别为对采用本申请实施例的天线系统的电子设备进行仿真效果测试获得的SAR值数据表；
图24a和图24b为本申请实施例的天线系统的原理结构示意图和立体结构示意图；其中，沿闭合槽的宽度方向，非闭合槽位于第一辐射体远离闭合槽的一侧，且第一辐射体与第二辐射体均为L形；
图25a和图25b为本申请实施例的天线系统的两种原理结构示意图；其中，悬浮辐射体段为2个；
图26和图27为对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果模拟获得的S参数效果曲线图、天线效率曲线图；
图28a为本申请实施例的天线系统的立体结构示意图；
图28b、图28c分别为本申请实施例的天线系统的开关电路SW1、开关电路SW2的原理结构示意图；
图29为对本申请实施例的天线系统分别在开关电路SW1均处于第一连接状态、开关电路SW2均处于第二连接状态时进行仿真效果模拟获得的S参数效果曲线图；
图30为分别对本申请实施例的天线系统的开关电路SW1与开关电路SW2均处于第一连接状态时、均处于第二连接状态时进行仿真效果测试获得的天线效率对比曲线图；
图31为本申请实施例的天线系统的立体结构示意图；
图32为对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试获得的S参数效果曲线图；
图33为对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试获得的天线效率对比曲线图；
图34为本申请实施例的天线系统的原理结构示意图；
图35、图36为对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果模拟获得的S参数效果曲线图、天线效率曲线图。
附图标记说明：
1：天线系统；
10：间隙；
11：第一辐射体；111、112：辐射枝节；12：第二辐射体；121：连接件；122：L形辐射体段；13：第三辐射体；131：连接件；132：L形辐射体段；14：闭合槽；15：非闭合槽；16：调节器件；17：悬浮辐射体段；18：开缝；
20：PCB板；21：射频源连接件；22：射频源连接件；23：双工器；
RF：射频源；RF1：第一射频源；RF2：第二射频源；C：电容；C1：电容；C2：电容；L、L A、L B、L C、L D：电感；
A1：第一馈电连接点；A2：第二馈电连接点；A3：连接点；B1：第一馈电接地点；B2：第二馈电接地点；B3：接地点；B4：接地点；B5：接地点；
SW1：开关电路；SW2：开关电路；
K1：开关；K2：开关；
L1：闭合槽的长度；L2：非闭合槽的长度；L3：间隙的长度；L4、L5、L6、L7：长度；
w：闭合槽的宽度；n：非闭合槽的宽度；x：宽度。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本申请的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭示的内容轻易地了解本申请的其他优点及功效。虽然本申请的描述将结合一些实施例一起介绍，但这并不代表此申请的特征仅限于该实施方式。恰恰相反，结合实施方式作申请介绍的目的是为了覆盖基于本申请的权利要求而有可能延伸出的其它选择或改造。为了提供对本申请的深度了解，以下描述中将包含许多具体的细节。本申请也可以不使用这些细节实施。此外，为了避免混乱或模糊本申请的重点，有些具体细节将在描述中被省略。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
应注意的是，在本说明书中，相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的描述中，应理解，在本申请中“电连接”可理解为元器件物理接触并电导通；也可理解为线路构造中不同元器件之间通过印制电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)铜箔或导线等可传输电信号的实体线路进行连接的形式。“通过…耦合”可理解为通过间接耦合的方式隔空电导通。间接耦合可以理解为无接触的耦合，其中，本领域人员可以理解的是，耦合现象即指两个或两个以上的电路元件或电网络的输入与输出之间存在紧密配合与相互影响，并通过相互作用从一侧向另一侧传输能量的现象。为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请的实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
请参见图1，图1为本申请实施例的天线系统的结构示意图。
如图1所示，本申请实施例提供了一种天线系统，其包括第一天线和第二天线，第一天线包括第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12，第二天线包括第一辐射体11和第三辐射体13。也就是说，第一辐射体11为第一天线与第二天线的共用辐射体。
第一辐射体11的两端分别连接于地板，并在地板上形成了接地点B3与接地点B4，其中，第一辐射体11的两端可以是直接连接地板的，也可以是通过连接件，例如导体、导线等间接连接地板的，并且第一辐射体11与地板围合形成一闭合槽14(即如图2a所示的闭合槽14)。该闭合槽可理解为四周闭合的通槽。
一种实施方式中，请参见图1，并结合图2a与图2b理解，图2a为本申请实施例的电子设备中天线系统的立体结构示意图，图2b为本申请实施例的电子设备中天线系统的局部放大示意图。第二辐射 体12的第一端与第三辐射体13的第一端相对远离，并分别连接于第一辐射体11，第二辐射体12的第二端与第三辐射体13的第二端端对端相对间隔设置，且形成间隙10。第一辐射体11、第二辐射体12、第三辐射体13和间隙10围合形成一非闭合槽15(即如图2a所示的非闭合槽15)。该非闭合槽可理解为具有开口的通槽，其中，开口由间隙10形成。
其它实施方式中，第二辐射体12的第一端与第三辐射体13的第一端也可以是耦合于第一辐射体的，即：第二辐射体12的第一端未直接连接于第一辐射体11，与第一辐射体11之间形成一缝隙，通过该缝隙进行辐射能量的耦合，第三辐射体13的第一端也未直接连接于第一辐射体11，与第一辐射体11之间形成一缝隙，通过该缝隙进行辐射能量的耦合。
该缝隙可以是沿平行于闭合槽的宽度方向形成的，也可以是沿平行于闭合槽的厚度方向上形成的。
需要说明的是：一端或第一端、第二端不仅限于辐射体的端面，还可以是包括端面的一段辐射体，例如距离端面1～2mm以内的辐射体段。
进一步的，第二辐射体12还可以是通过位于第二辐射体12与第一辐射体11之间的缝隙的耦合枝节进行耦合的，该耦合枝节可以是连接于第一辐射体11的，也可以是未连接于第一辐射体11的，第三辐射体13还可以是通过位于第三辐射体13与第一辐射体11之间的缝隙的耦合枝节进行耦合的，该耦合枝节可以是连接于第一辐射体11的，也可以是未连接于第一辐射体11的。其中，上述缝隙、耦合枝节的尺寸不限，只要是能够满足能量耦合需要的尺寸，就不脱离本申请的范围。
其中，第二辐射体12包括第一馈电连接点A1，天线系统1通过第一馈电连接点A1为第一天线馈电，第三辐射体13包括第二馈电连接点A2，天线系统1通过第二馈电连接点A2为第二天线馈电。
具体的，第二辐射体12的第一馈电连接点A1连接于电子设备的第一射频源RF1的馈电端，以接收第一射频源RF1输出的射频信号，使得第一天线向外辐射，第一射频源RF1的接地端连接地板。第三辐射体13的第二馈电连接点A2连接于电子设备的第二射频源RF2的馈电端，以接收第二射频源RF2输出的射频信号，使得第二天线向外辐射，第二射频源RF2的接地端连接地板。其中，第二辐射体12可以是直接连接于电子设备的第一射频源RF1的馈电端的，也可以是通过射频源连接件21(如图2a中所示)，例如弹脚、导线等连接于第一射频源RF1的馈电端的，同样的，第三辐射体13可以是直接连接于电子设备的第二射频源RF2的馈电端的，也可以是通过射频源连接件22(如图2a中所示)，例如弹脚、导线等连接于第二射频源RF2的馈电端的。
本实施例中，第二辐射体12可以是通过同轴线连接于第一射频源RF1的，具体可通过同轴线的内芯连接于第一射频源RF1的馈电端。第三辐射体13也可以通过同轴线连接于第二射频源RF2的，具体可通过同轴线的内芯连接于第二射频源RF2的馈电端。当然，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，馈电端也可以是其它可替代的方案，在此并不对本申请的保护范围产生限定作用。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，第一射频源RF1与第二射频源RF2为不同的射频源。
进一步的，第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13之间设有电容C；电容C用于调节电流流经各辐射体与地板时产生的反向点(可参照后文提及的反向点理解)的位置，进而能够使第一天线上连接第一射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式与第二天线上连接第二射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式形成模式正交，进而使第一天线与第二天线之间形成高隔离。当然，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13之间也可以不设置电容，只需要在设计时保证上述电流模式正交，进而使第一天线与第二天线之间形成高隔离即可。
本实施例的天线系统可应用于多种具有信号传输功能的电子设备中，例如手表、手机、可穿戴智能设备、智能家居设备等电子设备。天线系统的类型不限，比如可以是5G移动通讯天线(MIMO)，例 如主LTE收发天线、副LTE收发天线，也可以是短距通讯天线，例如V2X-1收发天线、WiFi/BLE天线等，还可以是收音天线等。并且，本实施例的天线系统中，第一天线与第二天线可以工作在同频段，例如6GHz以内的任意频段，也可以工作在不同的频段，例如第一天线与第二天线在工作频段的中心频率可以相差1GHz。具体的，第一天线与第二天线可分别工作于频率范围为724-788MHz的子频段、频率范围为791-860MHz的子频段、频率范围为824-894MHz的子频段；频率范围为880-960MHz的子频段等等。
进一步的，如图2a与图2b所示，电子设备以手机为例，本实施方式中的第一辐射体11可以是由手机的金属边框形成，例如手机的外金属边框，也可以是由手机中的嵌设于金属边框内的内嵌金属结构件形成的。第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13可以是由手机的金属结构件形成，例如金属片等，也可以是通过激光直接成型工艺形成于手机的支架上的，还可以是通过FPC工艺贴设于天线附近的结构件，例如手机的支架上或电池盖上的。第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13可以是直接连接于第一辐射体11的，也可以是分别通过连接件121、连接件131间接连接于第一辐射体11的，连接件121构成了第二辐射体12的一部分，连接件131构成了第三辐射体13的一部分。连接件121、连接件131可例如是弹脚、电焊、导电泡棉、金属结构件等。其中，地板可以是电子设备中任何接地结构的至少部分或组合的至少部分，例如，地板可以是由手机中的PCB板20形成，其它举例中，也可以是导电片、电子设备的中框底板、显示屏的铜层等等。
进一步的，本实施例各部件的加工工艺不限，例如第一辐射体11可以是焊接于PCB板20上的，也可以是通过在PCB板上加工出一个四周封闭的通槽，形成闭合槽14后，进而在PCB板20上直接形成的。当然，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，也可以是其它可替代的方案，在此并不对本申请的保护范围产生限定作用。
具体的工作过程中，请参见图1，图1中实线箭头表征了第一射频源RF1做激励时，在各辐射体及地板上形成的电流，图1中虚线箭头表征了第二射频源RF2做激励时，在各辐射体及地板上形成的电流，图中的圆圈示出了电流在流经辐射体及地板时的反向点。当第一射频源RF1做激励时，在第一天线的第一馈电连接点A1(即连接第一射频源的馈电端位置处)产生的电流如图1中最靠近第一馈电连接点A1处的实线箭头所示，在第一天线的第一馈电接地点B1(即地板上连接第一射频源的接地端位置处)产生的电流如图1中最靠近第一馈电接地点B1处的实线箭头所示，可见，电流自第一馈电连接点A1经过地板流向第一馈电接地点B1，即第一天线的第一馈电连接点A1与第一馈电接地点B1的电流模式为同向模式。同时，在第二天线的第二馈电连接点A2(即连接第二射频源的馈电端位置处)产生的电流如图1中最靠近第二馈电连接点A2处的实线箭头所示，在第二天线的第二馈电接地点B2(即地板上连接第二射频源的接地端位置处)产生的电流如图1中最靠近第二馈电接地点B2处的实线箭头所示，可见，第二馈电连接点A2处的电流与第二馈电接地点B2处的电流流向相反，即第二天线的第二馈电连接点A2与第二馈电接地点B2的电流模式为对流模式。
当第二射频源RF2做激励时，在第一天线的第一馈电连接点A1(即连接第一射频源的馈电端位置处)产生的电流如图1中最靠近第一馈电连接点A1处的虚线箭头所示，在第一天线的第一馈电接地点B1(即地板上连接第一射频源的接地端位置处)产生的电流如图1中最靠近第一馈电接地点B1处的虚线箭头所示，可见，第一馈电连接点A1的电流与第一馈电接地点B1的电流方向相反，即第一天线的第一馈电连接点A1与第一馈电接地点B1的电流模式为对流模式。同时，在第二天线的第二馈电连接点A2(即连接第二射频源的馈电端位置处)产生的电流如图1中最靠近第二馈电连接点A2处的虚线箭头所示，在第二天线的第二馈电接地点B2(即地板上连接第二射频源的接地端位置处)产生的电流 如图1中最靠近第二馈电接地点B2处的虚线箭头所示，可见，电流自第二馈电接地点B2流入第二馈电连接点A2，即第二天线的第二馈电连接点A2与第二馈电接地点B2的电流模式为同向模式。
因而，无论是第一射频源RF1做激励时还是第二射频源RF2做激励时，第一天线在第一射频源RF1两端(第一馈电连接点A1与第一馈电接地点B1)的电流模式与第二天线在第二射频源RF2两端(第二馈电连接点A2与第二馈电接地点B2)的电流模式始终能够形成模式正交，进而产生较高的隔离度。
在本申请实施例中，通过分别连接于第一辐射体的第二辐射体与第三辐射体，以及，连接于第二辐射体与地板间的第一射频源、连接于第三辐射体与地板间的第二射频源，构造了一种全新的天线系统，基于该结构的天线系统，能够使得：
当第一射频源做激励时，在第一天线上连接第一射频源的馈电端位置处(即第一馈电连接点A1处)产生的电流与地板上连接第一射频源的接地端位置处(即第一馈电接地点B1处)产生的电流为同向模式，同时，第二天线上连接第二射频源的馈电端位置处(即第二馈电连接点A2处)产生的电流与地板上连接第二射频源的接地端位置处(即第二馈电接地点B2处)产生的电流为对流模式。
同样的，当第二射频源做激励时，在第一天线上连接第一射频源的馈电端位置处(即第一馈电连接点A1处)产生的电流与地板上连接第一射频源的接地端位置处(即第一馈电接地点B1处)产生的电流为对流模式；同时，在第二天线上连接第二射频源的馈电端位置处(即第二馈电连接点A2处)产生的电流与地板上连接第二射频源的接地端位置处(即第二馈电接地点B2处)产生的电流为同向模式。
进一步的，由于同向模式与对流模式形成模式正交，即：当第一射频源做激励时，第一天线上连接第一射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式与第二天线上连接第二射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式形成了模式正交，同理，当第二射频源做激励时，第一天线上连接第一射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式与第二天线上连接第二射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式也形成了模式正交，因而，本申请实施例能够利用该结构实现：在同时激励第一天线和第二天线时，通过使第一天线与第二天线在各自的射频源两端产生较高的隔离度，进而使第一天线与第二天线之间形成高隔离，以实现第一天线与第二天线的解耦。
其中，上文提及的反向点可理解为，流经反向点两侧的电流，电流方向相反，从图1中可以看出，第一辐射体11上具有一个反向点，地板上具有一个反向点，且第一辐射体11上的反向点与地板上的反向点沿闭合槽的14的长度方向是错位的，因而能够使第一天线上连接第一射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式与第二天线上连接第二射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式形成模式正交，进而使第一天线与第二天线之间形成高隔离。
更进一步的，本申请实施例中，由于第一天线与第二天线共用了第一辐射体，因而能够在与传统闭合槽单天线同等口径的条件下构造出两个天线，使天线的带宽效率增加至少一倍，换言之，在带宽效率相同的条件下，本申请实施例的天线系统相较于传统的闭合槽单天线，天线口径可缩小至少一半，因而，本实施例相较于传统的闭合槽单天线能够实现天线口径的小型化。
此外，本申请实施例采用不对称馈电，无需设计复杂的馈电网络，例如反对称馈电，具有馈电结构简单，对复杂环境敏感度低的优点。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，包括上述任一实施方式涉及的天线系统1。
进一步的，本实施方式中，第一射频源RF1的第一馈电连接点A1与第一馈电接地点B1均位于间隙10的一侧，第二射频源RF2的第二馈电连接点A2与第二馈电接地点B2均位于间隙10的另一侧，并且，第一射频源RF1的第一馈电接地点B1与第二射频源RF2的第二馈电接地点B2均位于闭合槽14内，具体的，可位于接地点B3与接地点B4之间。部分方案中，第一射频源RF1的第一馈电连接点A1 与第二射频源RF2的第二馈电连接点A2可以是关于间隙10对称的，另部分方案中，也可以是不对称的。
更进一步的，请参见图1，本实施例中，第一射频源RF1的第一馈电连接点A1与第一馈电接地点B1，以及：第二射频源RF2的第二馈电连接点A2与第二馈电接地点B2在闭合槽的宽度方向w上对齐，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，对齐也包括完全对齐的方案，也包括大致对齐的方案，当然，在可替代的其他实施方式中，也可以采用不对齐的方案。
进一步的，本实施方式中，请参见图1，并结合图2a与图2b理解，第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13均呈L形，沿闭合槽的宽度方向w，非闭合槽15位于第一辐射体11靠近闭合槽14的一侧，或可理解为：第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13是平行于PCB板20设置的，且第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13形成的间隙位于第一辐射体11靠近PCB板20的一侧。本领域技术人员可以理解的是，L形也包括类似L形的方案。
进一步的，闭合槽的长度L1大于非闭合槽的长度L2，例如可以是非闭合槽的长度的1～2.5倍，也可以是非闭合槽长度的1.3～2倍。
更进一步的，闭合槽的长度L1大于或等于第一天线或第二天线的1/2倍波长且小于第一天线或第二天线的一倍波长，请参见图2b，本实施方式中，闭合槽的长度L1为40mm，当然，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，闭合槽的长度L1也可以是满足不同ID(即电子设备的序列号)或不同架构的其他尺寸。
可见，本实施方式的天线系统能够利用天线1/2倍波长的天线口径(即闭合槽的长度等于第一天线或第二天线的1/2倍波长)实现两个天线，相较于闭合槽单天线，如图3所示，图3为一种参考设计的闭合槽单天线的结构示意图，该单天线利用1/2倍天线波长的天线口径仅实现了一个天线，本实施方式的天线系统在保证天线口径与上述单天线相同的条件下，可将带宽增加至少一倍，在保证天线带宽与上述单天线相同的条件下，可将天线口径缩小一半。
采用仿真软件对一种参考设计的闭合槽单天线与本实施例提供的天线系统进行仿真分析并获得了如图4a～图4b所示的效果曲线图。
获取图4a～图4b所示的曲线图的仿真效果如下表1所示(请结合图2b、图3予以理解)：
表1
参数 本实施例 闭合槽单天线
闭合槽的长度L1(mm) 40 40
闭合槽的宽度w(mm) 1 1
非闭合槽的长度L2(mm) 24 /
非闭合槽的宽度n(mm) 1 /
间隙10的长度L3(mm) 1 /
谐振频率(GHz) 1.9 1.9
电容C(pF) 0.2 /
请参见图4a～图4b，图4a为分别对一种参考设计的闭合槽单天线与本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试时获得的S参数效果对比曲线图，图4b为分别对一种参考设计的闭合槽单天线与本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试时获得的天线效率对比曲线图。
在图4a中，横坐标表示频率，单位为GHz，纵坐标表示S参数，其中，虚线表示S21幅度值，单位为dB。S21是S参数中的一种，能够表征天线的隔离度，S21的参数越小，表示天线之间的隔离度越大，天线互耦程度越小。隔离度用S21的绝对值表示。实线表示S11幅度值，单位为dB。S11属于S参数中的一种。S11表示反射系数，此参数能够表征天线发射效率的优劣，具体的，S11值越小，表征天线回波损耗越小，天线本身反射回来的能量越小，也就是代表实际上进入天线的能量就越多。
从图4a中可以看出，在工作频段1.5-2.8GHz范围内，闭合槽单天线的S11值约为-7dB～0dB，本实施方式的天线系统的S11值约为-9dB～-0dB，可见，本实施方式的天线系统中各天线的S11参数优于闭合槽单天线的S11参数。从图4a中还可以看出，在工作频段1.5-2.8GHz范围内，本实施方式的天线系统的S21参数约小于-17dB，即天线系统中第一天线和第二天线之间的隔离度几乎能达到17dB以上，并且在1.9GHz～1.95GHz以及2GHz～2.75GHz频段内，S21参数约小于-20dB，即隔离度能达到20dB以上，由此可知，本实施方式的天线系统具有较高的隔离度。
在图4b中，横坐标表示频率，单位为GHz，纵坐标表示天线的辐射效率与系统效率，其中，虚线表示辐射效率，实线表示系统效率，辐射效率是衡量天线辐射能力的值，金属损耗、介质损耗均是辐射效率的影响因素。系统效率是考虑天线端口匹配后的实际效率，即天线的系统效率为天线的实际效率(即效率)。本领域技术人员可以理解，效率一般是用百分比来表示，其与dB之间存在相应的换算关系，效率越接近0dB，表征该天线的效率越优。
从图4b中可以看出，在工作频段1.83-1.98GHz范围内，天线系统中第一天线的系统效率约为-10dB～-5.5dB，辐射效率约为-6dB～-4.9dB，闭合槽单天线的系统效率约为-10dB～-6.5dB，辐射效率约为-5.3dB～-4.2dB。需要说明的是，由于第二天线的效率曲线与第一天线的效率曲线相类似，因而图4b中只示出了第一天线的天线效率曲线。由此可见，本实施方式的天线系统中的第一天线与第二天线的系统效率与辐射效率均优于闭合槽单天线。
请参见图5～图6b，图5为本申请实施例的天线系统的原理结构示意图；图6a为本申请实施例的电子设备中天线系统的立体结构示意图；图6b为图6a中天线系统的局部放大结构示意图。
请参见图5，本实施例的天线系统的结构基本与图1所示的天线系统的结构相同，其不同之处在于，第一辐射体与地板之间设有调节器件16。调节器件16可以是电容，也可以是电感L，只要是能够调节电流流经各辐射体与地板时产生的反向点的位置的器件，就不脱离本申请的范围，本实施方式中，调节器件16采用电感L。应可理解，图5和图1的方案可以结合。
调节器件16用于调节电流流经各辐射体与地板时产生的反向点的位置，进而能够使第一天线上连接第一射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式与第二天线上连接第二射频源两端(接地端与馈电端)位置处产生的电流模式形成模式正交，进而使第一天线与第二天线之间形成高隔离。
进一步的，调节器件16与第一辐射体11连接形成的连接点A3位于第一馈电连接点A1和第二馈电连接点A2之间。
更进一步的，调节器件16与地板连接形成的接地点B5位于第一射频源RF1的第一馈电接地点B1与第二射频源RF2的第二馈电接地点B2之间。
更进一步的，调节器件16与地板连接形成的接地点B5位于地板上与间隙10相对的地板区域，调 节器件16与第一辐射体11连接形成的连接点A3位于第一辐射体11上与间隙10相对的辐射体段。
需要说明的是，部分实施方式中，第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13之间也可以不设有电容C，仅采用第一辐射体11与地板之间的调节器件16，例如电感调节反向点的位置，另部分实施方式中，也可以不设置调节器件16，仅通过第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13之间的电容C调节反向点的位置，或者电容C、调节器件16均不设置。
另外，在本实施方式中，闭合槽的长度L1为72mm(如图6a所示)，约为第一天线或第二天线波长的7/8。
采用仿真软件对本实施例提供的天线系统在不同闭合槽长度下进行仿真分析并获得了如图7～图8所示的效果曲线图。
获取图7～图8所示的曲线图的仿真效果参数如下表2所示(请结合图6a与图6b予以理解)：
表2
Figure PCTCN2022109988-appb-000001
需要说明的是，上表中的“断”，可理解为未使用或未设置对应的器件(例如电容C、电感L)。
请参见图7～图8，图7为对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试时获得的S参数效果曲线图，图8为对本申请实施例的天线系统在不同闭合槽长度下进行仿真效果测试时获得的天线效率对比曲线图。
从图7中可以看出，在工作频段1.8GHz～2.3GHz范围内，本实施方式的天线系统的S11值约为-12dB～-0.01dB，本实施方式的天线系统的S21参数约为-37dB～-25dB，小于-25dB，即隔离度能达到25dB以上，可见，本实施方式的天线系统具有较高的隔离度。
从图8中可以看出，在工作频段1.85GHz～2.3GHz范围内，本实施方式天线系统在闭合槽长度为40mm时，第一天线的系统效率约为-10dB～-4.15dB，辐射效率约为-4.5dB～-3.8dB，在闭合槽长度为72mm时，第一天线的系统效率约为-10dB～-3.27dB，辐射效率约为-3.9dB～-2.5dB。需要说明的是，由于第二天线的效率曲线与第一天线的效率曲线相类似，因而图8中只示出了第一天线的天线效率曲线。由此可见，本实施方式中，闭合槽长度为72mm时的天线系统的系统效率与辐射效率均优于闭合槽长度为40mm 时的天线系统。
采用仿真软件对采用一种参考设计的闭合槽天线的电子设备、采用本实施例在不同的闭合槽长度下天线系统的电子设备进行仿真分析并获得了如图9a～图9c所示的SAR值数据表。
获取图9a～图9c所示的SAR值数据表的仿真效果参数如下表3所示(请结合图3、图6a与图6b予以理解)：
表3
Figure PCTCN2022109988-appb-000002
在图9a～图9c中，SAR(比吸收率，英文全称“SpecificAbsorption Rate”)指的是单位质量的人体组织所吸收的电磁功率，单位为W/kg。国际上通常使用SAR值来衡量电子设备辐射的热效应。归一化SAR值表示天线的效率归一化值-5dB(即表中所示归一化效率)时测得的SAR值。其中，“Back-5mm”表示电子设备的背面距离身体5mm的场景，“Bottom-5mm”表示电子设备的底部距离身体5mm的场景。
从图9a中可以看出，在输出功率为24dBm，谐振频率为2GHz且电子设备的背面距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的闭合槽单天线的SAR值为1.4W/kg，在电子设备的底部距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的闭合槽单天线的SAR值为0.51W/kg。
从图9b中可以看出，本实施例在闭合槽长度为40mm，输出功率为24dBm，谐振频率为2GHz且电子设备的背面距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的SAR值为1.37W/kg，在电子设备的底部距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的SAR值为1.1W/kg。
从图9c中可以看出，本实施例在闭合槽长度为72mm，输出功率为24dBm，谐振频率为2GHz且电子设备的背面距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的SAR值为0.95W/kg，在电子设备的底部距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的SAR值为0.57W/kg。
由此可知，本实施例相较于闭合槽单天线，还能够有效降低天线的SAR值。
综合图7～图9c的仿真数据可知，本实施例相较于闭合槽单天线，不仅能够实现第一天线与第二天 线之间的高隔离以及天线口径的小型化，还能够有效降低天线的SAR值。尤其的，当闭合槽的长度为72mm时，甚至可以将SAR值从1.4W/kg降低至0.95W/kg，降低了约32％。
请参见图10a，本实施例的天线系统的结构基本与图5所示的天线系统的结构相同，其不同之处在于：第二辐射体12上开设有一个或多个第一缝隙，和/或，第三辐射体13上开设有一个或多个第二缝隙，或可理解为：第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13中的至少之一包括L形辐射体段和悬浮辐射体段，第一射频源RF1的馈电端可以连接第二辐射体12的L形辐射体段或者悬浮辐射体段，第二射频源RF2的馈电端可以连接第三辐射体13的L形辐射体段或者悬浮辐射体段。应可理解，图10a的方案可以与上述各实施例的方案结合。
请参见图10a和图10b，图10a和图10b为本申请实施例的天线系统的的第一种原理结构示意图和立体结构示意图，其中，悬浮辐射体段的数量为1个。
第三辐射体13呈L形，第二辐射体12包括L形辐射体段122一个悬浮辐射体段17，悬浮辐射体段17与L形辐射体段122端对端相对间隔设置，L形辐射体段122远离悬浮辐射体段17的一端构成第二辐射体12的第一端，悬浮辐射体段17远离L形辐射体段122的一端构成第二辐射体12的第二端。
第二辐射体12通过L形辐射体段122接收射频信号；也就是说，第一射频源RF1的馈电端连接于L形辐射体段122。
当然，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，在其他可替代的实施方式中，也可以是第二辐射体12呈L形，第三辐射体13包括L形辐射体段一个悬浮辐射体段17，L形辐射体段远离悬浮辐射体段17的一端构成第三辐射体13的第一端，悬浮辐射体段17远离L形辐射体段的一端构成第三辐射体13的第二端；相应的，第三辐射体13通过L形辐射体段接收射频信号；也就是说，第二射频源RF2的馈电端连接于L形辐射体段。
进一步的，悬浮辐射体段17可以通过电容连接于L形辐射体段122，例如电容C1，其中，电容的形式不限，可以是分布式耦合电容，也可以是集总式电容等。
请参见图10c，图10c为本申请实施例的天线系统的第二种原理结构示意图，第二种结构与第一种结构基本相同，其不同之处在于，第一缝隙和第二缝隙中的至少一个缝隙处设有电容，本实施方式中，每个第一缝隙和每个第二缝隙处均设有电容，具体的，悬浮辐射体段的数量为2个，悬浮辐射体段之间通过电容C连接，第二辐射体12包括L形辐射体段122与一个悬浮辐射体段17(即图10c中位于左侧的悬浮辐射体段17)，第二辐射体12的悬浮辐射体段17通过电容C1连接于第二辐射体12的L形辐射体段122。第三辐射体13包括L形辐射体段132与一个悬浮辐射体段17(即图10c中位于右侧的悬浮辐射体段17)，第三辐射体13的悬浮辐射体段17通过电容C2连接于第三辐射体13的L形辐射体段132。第一射频源RF1的馈电端连接于L形辐射体段122，第二射频源RF2的馈电端连接于第三辐射体13的悬浮辐射体段17。其中，第二辐射体12的悬浮辐射体段17既可以作为第一天线的辐射体向外辐射，也可以作为第二天线的辐射体向外辐射(此时，第二辐射体12的悬浮辐射体段17作为第二天线中不属于第三辐射体的其它辐射体)。
请参见图11a～图11c，图11a为本申请实施例的天线系统的第三种原理结构示意图；图11b、图11c均为本申请实施例的天线系统的第三种立体结构图；第三种结构与第二种结构基本相同，其不同之处在于：第一射频源RF1的馈电端连接于第二辐射体12的悬浮辐射体段17，第二射频源RF2的馈电端连接于第三辐射体13的悬浮辐射体段17。
当然，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，第二辐射体12或第三辐射体13中，悬浮辐射体均可以是多个，以第二辐射体12为例，当第二辐射体12包括多个悬浮辐射体段时，L形辐射体段122与多个悬浮 辐射体段17依次端对端间隔设置，此时，多个悬浮辐射体段中的最后一个悬浮辐射体段远离L形辐射体段的一端构成了第二辐射体12的第二端。第一射频源RF1的馈电端可以连接于L形辐射体段122或者多个悬浮辐射体段中的任一悬浮辐射体段17，进一步的，每个悬浮辐射体段17与相邻的悬浮辐射体段之间通过电容连接，第一个悬浮辐射体段17通过电容连接于L形辐射体段，最后一个悬浮辐射体段通过电容C连接于第三辐射体13的第二端。
第三辐射体中的连接关系与第二辐射体中相类似，在此不再赘述。
采用仿真软件对本实施例的天线系统在悬浮辐射体段为1个和悬浮辐射体段为2个时进行仿真分析并获得了如图12～图13所示的效果曲线图。
获取图12～图13所示的曲线图的仿真效果参数如下表4所示(请参见图10b、图11b予以理解)：
表4
Figure PCTCN2022109988-appb-000003
请参见图12～图13，图12为本申请实施例的天线系统分别在悬浮辐射体段为1个和悬浮辐射体段为2个时进行仿真效果测试时获得的S参数效果对比曲线图；图13为本申请实施例的天线系统分别在悬浮辐射体段为1个和悬浮辐射体段为2个时进行仿真效果测试时获得的天线效率对比曲线图；
从图12中可以看出，在工作频段1.8GHz～2.1GHz范围内，本实施方式的天线系统在悬浮辐射体段为1个时的S11值约为-14dB～-1dB，本实施方式的天线系统在悬浮辐射体段为2个时的S11值约为 -13.5dB～-0.5dB，本实施方式的天线系统在悬浮辐射体段为1个时的S21值约为-54dB～-26dB，小于-25dB，即隔离度能达到25dB以上。本实施方式的天线系统在悬浮辐射体段为2个时的S21值约为-24dB～-19dB，小于-20dB，即隔离度能达到20dB以上。可见，本实施方式的天线系统具有较高的隔离度。
从图13中可以看出，在工作频段1.9GHz～2.1GHz范围内，本实施方式天线系统在悬浮辐射体段为1个时，第一天线的系统效率约为-4dB～-2.7dB，辐射效率约为-2.5dB～-2.4dB，在悬浮辐射体段为2个时，第一天线的系统效率约为-7dB～-2.7dB，辐射效率约为-3dB～-2.5dB。需要说明的是，由于第二天线的效率曲线与第一天线的效率曲线相类似，因而图13中只示出了第一天线的天线效率曲线。
采用仿真软件对采用本实施例在悬浮辐射体段为1个时的天线系统的电子设备、悬浮辐射体段为2个时的天线系统的电子设备进行仿真分析并获得了如图14a～图14b所示的SAR值数据表。
获取图14a～图14b所示的SAR值数据表的仿真效果参数如下表5所示(请参见图10b、图11b予以理解)：
表5
Figure PCTCN2022109988-appb-000004
从图14a中可以看出，悬浮辐射体段为1个时，在输出功率为24dBm，谐振频率为1.95GHz且电子设备的背面距离身体-5mm的场景下测得天线的SAR值为0.86W/kg，在电子设备的底部距离身体-5mm的场景下测得天线的SAR值为0.53W/kg。
从图14b中可以看出，悬浮辐射体段为2个时，在输出功率为24dBm，谐振频率为2GHz且电子设备的背面距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的天线的SAR值为0.89W/kg，在电子设备的底部距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的天线的SAR值为0.55W/kg。
由此可知，悬浮辐射体段为1个时的天线系统相较于悬浮辐射体段为2个时的天线系统SAR值更 低。
请参见图16a与图16b，图16a、图16b均为本申请实施例的天线系统的立体结构图；本实施例与图1所示天线系统的结构基本相同，其不同之处在于：
第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13均呈L形，沿闭合槽的厚度方向(即图16a中垂直与PCB板20的方向)，非闭合槽15与第一辐射体11部分重叠，并位于第一辐射体11远离地板(例如图16a中所示PCB板20)的一侧。或可理解为：相对于图1所示的天线系统，本实施例的第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13在图1所示的天线系统的基础上绕第一辐射体11向背离PCB板20的方向旋转了90°。应可理解，图16a的方案可以与上述各实施例的方案结合。
本申请还提供了一种电子设备，包括上述任一实施方式涉及的天线系统1。
进一步的，如图16a与图16b所示，电子设备以手机为例，本实施方式中的第一辐射体11可以是由手机的金属外边框形成，第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13可以是由手机的嵌设于金属边框内的内嵌金属结构件，例如金属片等形成。本领域技术人员可以理解的是，内嵌金属结构件包覆于手机的内部，并不影响手机的外观。
图15为一种参考设计的开口槽天线，对其进行单天线设计可得到一种开口槽单天线，即case1，对其进行双天线设计可得到开口槽双天线，即case2。
采用仿真软件对一种参考设计的开口槽单天线(即case1)、一种参考设计的开口槽双天线(即case2)、本实施例的天线系统进行仿真分析并获得了如图17～图28所示的效果曲线图。
获取图17～图18所示的曲线图的仿真效果参数如下表6所示(请参见图15、图16a、图16b予以理解)：
表6
Figure PCTCN2022109988-appb-000005
请参见图17～图18，图17为对一种参考设计的开口槽单天线(即case1)、一种参考设计的开口槽双天线(即case2)、本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试获得的S参数效果对比曲线图，图18 为对一种参考设计的开口槽单天线(即case1)、一种参考设计的开口槽双天线(即case2)、本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试获得的天线效率对比曲线图。
从图17中可以看出，在工作频段1.8GHz～2.1GHz范围内，开口槽单天线(即case1)的S11值约为-5dB～-4.8dB，开口槽双天线(即case2)的S11值约为-6.5dB～-1.5dB，本实施方式的天线系统的S11值约为-11.5dB～-2.5dB，开口槽双天线(即case2)的S21值约为-21dB～-13dB，本实施方式的天线系统的S21值约为-22dB～-15.5dB，即隔离度能达到20dB以上。可见，本实施方式的天线系统具有较高的隔离度。
从图18中可以看出，在工作频段1.875GHz～1.95GHz范围内，开口槽单天线(即case1)的系统效率为-3.5dB～-3.4dB，辐射效率为-1.8dB～-1.7dB开口槽双天线(即case2)的系统效率为-7.8dB～-4.8dB，辐射效率为-3.5dB～-3.4dB，本实施方式的天线系统系统效率为-3.4dB～-3dB，辐射效率为-3.8dB～-2.5dB。需要说明的是，由于本实施方式天线系统的第二天线的效率曲线与第一天线的效率曲线相类似，因而图18中只示出了第一天线的天线效率曲线。
采用仿真软件对一种参考设计的开口槽单天线(即case1)的电子设备、采用本申请实施例的天线系统的电子设备进行仿真分析并获得了如图19a～图19b所示的SAR值数据表。
获取图19a～图19b所示的SAR值数据表的仿真效果参数如下表7所示(请参见图15、图16a予以理解)：
表7
Figure PCTCN2022109988-appb-000006
从图19a中可以看出，在输出功率为24dBm，谐振频率为1.85GHz且电子设备的背面距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的开口槽单天线的SAR值为0.85W/kg，在电子设备的底部距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的开口槽单天线的SAR值为1.31W/kg。
从图19b中可以看出，本实施例的输出功率为24dBm，谐振频率为1.9GHz且电子设备的背面距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的SAR值为0.82W/kg，在电子设备的底部距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的SAR值为0.93W/kg。
由此可知，相较于开口槽单天线(case1)，本实施例的天线系统SAR值更低。
请参见图20，图20为本申请实施例的天线系统的立体结构图；其中，悬浮辐射段的数量为2个；本实施例与图16a所示的天线系统的结构基本相同，其不同之处在于，天线系统还包括2个悬浮辐射体段。悬浮辐射体段之间通过电容C连接。第二辐射体12包括L形辐射体段122与一个悬浮辐射体段17(即图20中位于左侧的悬浮辐射体段17)，第三辐射体13包括L形辐射体段132与一个悬浮辐射体段17(即图20中位于右侧的悬浮辐射体段17)，第一射频源RF1的馈电端连接于L形辐射体段122，第二射频源RF2的馈电端连接于L形辐射体段132。应可理解，图20的方案可以与上述各实施例的方案结合。
采用仿真软件对本申请实施例的天线系统仿真分析并获得了如图21～图22所示的效果曲线图。
获取图21～图22所示的曲线图的仿真效果参数如下表8所示(请参见图16a、图20予以理解)：
表8
Figure PCTCN2022109988-appb-000007
请参见图21～图22，图21为对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试获得的S参数效果对比曲线图，图22为对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试获得的天线效率对比曲线图。
在图21中，曲线A1与曲线A2分别表示本实施例一种实施方式中天线系统的S11值和S21值，曲线B1与曲线B2分别表示本实施例另一种实施方式中天线系统的S11值和S21值，从图21中可以看出，在工作频段1.8GHz～2GHz范围内，一种实施方式中，本实施例天线系统的S11值约为-10.5dB～-2.5dB，本实施例天线系统的S21值约为-19dB～-15dB，另一种实施方式中，本实施例天线系统的的S11值约为-10.5dB～-2.5dB，本实施例天线系统的的S21值约为-19dB～-14dB。
在图22中，曲线A1与曲线A2分别表示本实施例一种实施方式中天线系统的系统效率和辐射效率，曲线B1与曲线B2分别表示本实施例另一种实施方式中天线系统的系统效率和辐射效率，从图22中可以看出，在工作频段1.825GHz～1.95GHz范围内，一种实施方式中，本实施例的系统效率为-5dB～-3dB， 辐射效率为-2.7dB～-2.4dB，另一种实施方式中，本实施例天线系统的系统效率为-4dB～-2.2dB，辐射效率为-1.85dB～-1.8dB。需要说明的是，由于本实施方式天线系统的第二天线的效率曲线与第一天线的效率曲线相类似，因而图22中只示出了第一天线的天线效率曲线。
采用仿真软件对采用实施例的天线系统的电子设备进行仿真分析并获得了如图23a～图23b所示的SAR值数据表。
获取图23a～图23b所示的SAR值数据表的仿真效果参数如下表9所示(请参见图16a、图20予以理解)：
表9
Figure PCTCN2022109988-appb-000008
从图23a中可以看出，一种实施方式中，在输出功率为24dBm，谐振频率为1.9GHz且电子设备的背面距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的本实施例的SAR值为0.82W/kg，在电子设备的底部距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的本实施例天线系统的SAR值为0.93W/kg。
从图23b中可以看出，另一种实施方式中，在输出功率为24dBm，谐振频率为1.95GHz且电子设备的背面距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的本实施例的SAR值为0.66W/kg，在电子设备的底部距离身体-5mm的场景下测得的本实施例天线系统的SAR值为0.57W/kg。
由此可知，相较于本实施例一种实施方式中的天线系统，本实施例另一种实施方式中的天线系统的SAR值更低。
请参见图24a～图24b，图24a为本申请实施例的天线系统的原理结构示意图，图24b为本申请实施例的天线系统的立体结构示意图。
其中，第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13均呈L形，沿闭合槽的宽度w方向，非闭合槽15位于第一辐射体11远离闭合槽14的一侧。或可理解为：相对于图5所示的天线系统，本实施例的第二辐射体 12与第三辐射体13在图5所示的天线系统的基础上绕第一辐射体11向背离PCB板20的方向旋转了90°。
本申请还提供了一种电子设备，包括上述任一实施方式涉及的天线系统1。
进一步的，如图20所示，电子设备以手机为例，本实施例中的第一辐射体11可以是由手机中金属电池盖、或PCB板、或结构件中框、或FPC板、或铜箔形成，例如在金属电池盖或PCB板上直接加工出闭合槽，进而在金属电池盖或PCB板上形成第一辐射体11。第二辐射体12与第三辐射体13可以是由手机的金属边框、或嵌设于金属边框内的内嵌金属结构件形成，也可以是通过激光直接成型工艺形成于电子设备的支架上的，还可以是通过FPC工艺贴设于天线附近的结构件，例如手机的支架上或电池盖上的。
进一步的，请参考图图25a～图25b，图25a为本申请实施例的天线系统的一种原理结构示意图；图25b为本申请实施例天线系统的另一种原理结构示意图；
本实施例与图24a所示的天线系统的结构基本相同，其不同之处在于，天线系统还包括2个悬浮辐射体段。悬浮辐射体段之间通过电容C连接。第二辐射体12包括L形辐射体段122与一个悬浮辐射体段17(即图25a中位于左侧的悬浮辐射体段17)，第二辐射体12的悬浮辐射体段17通过电容C1连接于第二辐射体12的L形辐射体段122，第三辐射体13包括L形辐射体段132与一个悬浮辐射体段17(即图25a中位于右侧的悬浮辐射体段17)，第三辐射体13的悬浮辐射体段17通过电容C2连接于第三辐射体13的L形辐射体段132，第一种结构中，如图25a所示，第一射频源RF1的馈电端连接于第二辐射体12的悬浮辐射体段17，第二射频源RF2的馈电端连接于第三辐射体13的悬浮辐射体段17。第二种结构中，如图25b所示，第一射频源RF1的馈电端连接于第二辐射体12的悬浮辐射体段17，第二射频源RF2的馈电端连接于第三辐射体13的L形辐射体段132。应可理解，图24a的方案可以与上述各实施例的方案结合。
本申请还提供了一种电子设备，包括上述任一实施方式所涉及的天线系统1。
采用仿真软件对本实施例的天线系统进行仿真分析并获得了如图26～图27所示的效果曲线图。
获取图26～图27所示的曲线图的仿真效果如下表10所示(请结合图24b予以理解)：
表10
参数 数值
闭合槽的长度L1(mm) 62
闭合槽的宽度w(mm) 1
非闭合槽的长度L2(mm) 31
非闭合槽的宽度n(mm) 1.4
间隙10的长度L3(mm) 1
谐振频率(GHz) 2
电容C的电容值(pF) 0.7
调节器件16(电感)的电感值(nH) 0.2
请参见图26～图27，图26为对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果模拟获得的S参数效果曲线图，图27为分别对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果模拟获得的天线效率对比曲线图。
从图26中可以看出，在工作频段1.9GHz～2GHz范围内，本实施例天线系统的S11值约为-3.6dB～-14.2dB，S21值约为-14dB～-12dB。
从图27中可以看出，在工作频段1.9GHz～2GHz范围内，本实施例天线系统的系统效率为-4dB～-2.5dB，辐射效率为-2.5dB～-2.3dB。需要说明的是，由于本实施例天线系统的第二天线的效率曲线与第一天线的效率曲线相类似，因而图27中只示出了第一天线的天线效率曲线。
请参见图28a～图28b，图28a为本申请实施例的天线系统的立体结构示意图。本实施例与图1所示天线系统的结构基本相同，其不同之处在于：
天线系统1还包括设于第一辐射体11两端的辐射枝节111与辐射枝节112，辐射枝节111与辐射枝节112均朝背离第一辐射体11的方向延伸，辐射枝节111与辐射枝节112背离第一辐射体11的一端均为自由端。
辐射枝节111与辐射枝节112分别与PCB板20之间形成开缝，具体的，辐射枝节111与PCB板20之间形成如图28a左侧的开缝18，辐射枝节112与PCB板20之间形成如图28a右侧的开缝18。应可理解，图28a的方案可以与上述各实施例的方案结合。
进一步的，本实施例中，辐射枝节111与辐射枝节112的形状均为L形，其中，辐射枝节111的水平部分以及辐射枝节112的水平部分均与第一辐射体11位于同一侧，辐射枝节111的竖直部分位于与第一辐射体11不同侧的第一侧，辐射枝节112的竖直部分位于与第一辐射体11不同侧的第二侧。
进一步的，请参考图28b与图28c，图28b、图28c分别为本申请实施例的天线系统中开关电路SW1、开关电路SW2的原理结构示意图；本实施例的天线系统1还包括连接于辐射枝节111与PCB板20之间的开关电路SW1以及连接于辐射枝节112与PCB板20之间的开关电路SW2。
开关电路SW1包括开关K1、电感L A与电感L B，开关K1的一端连接于辐射枝节111，电感L A的一端与电感L B的一端连接于PCB板20，开关K1能够在第一位置与第二位置之间切换，当开关K1处于第一位置时，开关K1的另一端连接于电感L A的另一端，此时，电感L A电连接于PCB板20与辐射枝节111之间，开关电路SW1处于第一连接状态；当开关K1处于第二位置时，开关K1的另一端连接于电感L B的另一端，此时，电感L B电连接于PCB板20与辐射枝节111之间，开关电路SW1处于第二连接状态。
开关电路SW2的工作原理与开关电路SW1相类似，可参照上文及图28c理解，在此不再赘述，其中，当电感L C电连接于PCB板20与辐射枝节112之间时，开关电路SW2处于第一连接状态，当电感L D电连接于PCB板20与辐射枝节112之间时，开关电路SW2处于第二连接状态。
本申请还提供了一种电子设备，包括上述任一实施方式涉及的天线系统1。
采用仿真软件对本实施例的天线系统分别在开关电路SW1与开关电路SW2均处于第一连接状态时、均处于第二连接状态时进行仿真分析并获得了如图29所示的效果曲线图。
获取图29所示的曲线图的仿真效果参数如下表11所示(请结合图28a～图28c理解)，其中，天线系统中闭合槽的长度、宽度，非闭合槽的长度、宽度以及间隙的长度、电容的参数均与本申请图1所示结构相同，因而具体数值请参考前文表1：
表11
Figure PCTCN2022109988-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2022109988-appb-000010
请参见图29～图30，图29为本申请实施例的天线系统分别在开关电路SW1与开关电路SW2均处于第一连接状态时、均处于第二连接状态时进行仿真效果模拟获得的S参数效果曲线图，图30为分别对本申请图1所示天线系统、本申请实施例的天线系统开关电路SW1与开关电路SW2均处于第一连接状态时、均处于第二连接状态时进行仿真效果测试获得的天线效率对比曲线图。其中，图1所示天线系统的仿真参数请参照前文表1。
从图29中可以看出，本实施例提供的图1所示天线系统，不论开关电路SW1、SW2均处于第一连接状态还是均处于第二连接状态，天线系统中的各天线均能够产生两个谐振(即双谐振)，当开关电路SW1、SW2均处于第一连接状态时，两个谐振的谐振频率分别为1.785GHz、2.215GHz，其中，谐振频率为1.785GHz的谐振为主谐振，并且，从图29中还可以看出，当天线系统在主谐振的谐振频率(1.785GHz)工作时，天线之间的隔离度优于在另一谐振频率(2.215GHz)工作时天线之间的隔离度。当开关电路SW1、SW2均处于第二连接状态时，两个谐振的谐振频率分别为1.875GHz、2.05GHz，其中，谐振频率为1.875GHz的谐振为主谐振，并且，从图29可以看出，当天线系统在主谐振的谐振频率(1.875GHz)工作时，天线之间的隔离度优于在另一谐振频率(2.05GHz)工作时的隔离度。
从图29中还可以看出，当开关电路SW1、SW2均处于第一连接状态时，在1.85GHz～1.91GHz范围内，本实施例的天线系统的S11值约小于-6dB，当开关电路SW1、SW2均处于第二连接状态时，在1.82GHz～1.95GHz以及2GHz～2.08GHz范围内，本实施例的天线系统的S11值约小于-6dB。
需要说明的是：工程上一般以S11值为-6dB作为标准，当天线的S11值小于-6dB时，可以认为该天线可正常工作，或可认为该天线的发射效率较好。
图30中，曲线A1表示本申请图1所示的天线系统中各天线的系统效率，曲线A2表示本申请图1所示的天线系统中各天线的辐射效率，从图30中可以看出，在1.85GHz～2GHz范围内，本实施例的天线系统当开关电路SW1、开关电路SW2均处于第一连接状态时，天线系统中各天线的系统效率约为-4.5dB～-5dB，辐射效率约为-3.4dB～-2.7dB；本实施例的天线系统当开关电路SW1、开关电路SW2均处于第二连接状态时，天线系统中各天线的系统效率约为-3dB～-3.2dB，辐射效率约为-2dB～-2.6dB。
图1所示的天线系统中各天线的系统效率约为-7dB～-5.2dB，辐射效率约为-4.9dB～-4dB。
可见，在1.85GHz～2GHz范围内，本实施例提供的天线系统的天线效率优于本申请图1所示的天线系统，进一步的，本实施例中开关电路SW1、SW2均处于第二连接状态时的天线效率优于处于第一连接状态时的天线效率。
请参见图31，图31为本实施例的天线系统的立体结构示意图。本实施例与图28a所示天线系统结 构基本相同，其不同之处在于：
辐射枝节111与辐射枝节均沿平行于第一辐射体11的方向延伸，且辐射枝节111、辐射枝节112均与第一辐射体11处于同一侧。并且，第一辐射体11与PCB板之间未设开关电路。
当然，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，在其他可替代的实施方式中，也可在第一辐射体11与PCB板之间设置开关电路。
其他实施方式中，辐射枝节111与辐射枝节112中的一个呈L形，另一个沿平行于第一辐射体11的方向延伸，其中，呈L形的辐射枝节，其水平部分与第一辐射体12处于同一侧，其竖直部分位于与第一辐射体相邻的一侧。另一辐射枝节与第一辐射体12处于同一侧。应可理解，图31的方案可以和上述各实施例的方案结合。
本申请还提供了一种电子设备，包括上述任一实施方式涉及的天线系统1。
采用仿真软件对本实施例的天线系统进行仿真分析并获得了如图32和图33所示的效果曲线图。
获取图32和图33所示的曲线图的仿真效果参数如下表12所示(请结合图31理解)，其中，天线系统中闭合槽的长度、宽度，非闭合槽的长度、宽度以及间隙的长度、电容的参数均与本申请图1所示的天线系统结构相同，因而具体数值请参考前文表1。
表12
参数 数值
开缝18长度L4、L5(mm) L4＝L5＝17
开缝18的宽度x(mm) 1
请参见图32与图33，图32为对本申请实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果测试获得的S参数效果曲线图；图33为对本申请图1所示天线系统结构、本实施例的天线系统分别进行仿真效果测试获得的天线效率对比曲线图。
从图32中可以看出，本实施例提供的天线系统，天线系统中的各天线均能够产生两个谐振(即双谐振)，两个谐振的谐振频率分别为1.75GHz、2.415GHz，其中，谐振频率为1.75GHz的谐振为主谐振，并且，从图32中还可以看出，当天线系统在主谐振的谐振频率(1.75GHz)工作时，天线之间的隔离度优于在另一谐振频率(2.415GHz)工作时的隔离度。在1.85GHz～1.91GHz范围内，本实施例的天线系统的S11值约小于-6dB。
图33中，曲线A1表示本申请图1所示天线系统的系统效率，曲线A2表示本申请图1所示天线系统的辐射效率。从图33中可以看出，在1.8GHz～1.9GHz范围内，本实施例的天线系统的天线效率约为-8.8dB～-5dB，本实施例的天线系统的辐射效率约为-4.6dB～-3.8dB，并且，在1.8GHz～1.9GHz范围内，本实施例提供的天线系统的辐射效率和天线效率均优于本申请图1所示的天线系统。
请参见图34，图34为本申请实施例的天线的原理结构示意图。本实施例与本申请图1所示天线系统的结构基本相同，其不同之处在于：
第二辐射体12、第三辐射体13分别通过双工器23连接于同一射频源RF。第二辐射体12通过双工器23接收射频源RF输出的第一射频信号，第三辐射体13通过双工器23接收射频源RF输出的第二射频信号。在可替代的其它实施方式中，双工器23也可以是合路器，在此并不对本申请的保护范围产生限定作用。应可理解，图34的方案可以和上述各实施例的方案结合。
本申请还提供了一种电子设备，包括上述任一实施方式涉及的天线系统。
采用仿真软件对本实施例的天线系统进行仿真分析并获得了如图35和图36所示的效果曲线图。
获取图35和图36所示的曲线图的仿真效果参数请参考前文中表1所示(请结合图34理解)。
请参见图35，图35为对本实施例的天线系统进行仿真效果模拟获得的S参数效果曲线图，图36为对本实施例的天线进行仿真效果模拟获得的天线效率曲线图。从图35中可以看出，当射频源RF激励第二辐射体时，本实施例的天线能够在1.8GHz频率产生一个谐振，在该频率工作时，天线的S21值为-29dB，当射频源RF激励第三辐射体时，本实施例的天线能够在1.845GHz产生一个谐振，在该频率工作时，天线的S21值为-35dB，可见，本实施例的天线能够在保证高隔离度的同时，使天线产生两个谐振(即双谐振)。并且，从图35还可以看出，在1.785GHz～1.825GHz以及1.85GHz～1.925GHz范围内，本实施例天线的S11值小于-6dB。
从图36可以看出，在1.75GHz～1.85GHz范围内，当射频源RF激励第二辐射体时，本实施例天线的系统效率约为-6.2dB～-5.5dB，天线的辐射效率约为-4.9dB～-4.5dB，在1.8GHz～1.95GHz范围内，当射频源RF激励第三辐射体时，本实施例天线的系统效率约为-9.5dB～-5dB，天线的辐射效率约为-4.9dB～-4dB。进一步的，还可以看出，在1.79GHz～1.825GHz以及1.85GHz～1.9GHz范围内，本实施例的天线的系统效率均大于-6dB，可见，本实施例提供的天线能够实现较好的天线效率带宽。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变形而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变形属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变形在内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种天线系统，包括第一天线、第二天线和地板，其特征在于，所述第一天线包括第一辐射体和第二辐射体，所述第二天线包括所述第一辐射体和第三辐射体；
    所述第一辐射体的两端分别电连接到所述地板；
    所述第二辐射体的第一端与所述第三辐射体的第一端相对远离，并分别连接或耦合于所述第一辐射体，所述第二辐射体的第二端与所述第三辐射体的第二端相对设置，且形成间隙；
    其中，所述第二辐射体包括第一馈电连接点，所述天线系统通过所述第一馈电连接点为所述第一天线馈电，所述第三辐射体包括第二馈电连接点，所述天线系统通过所述第二馈电连接点为所述第二天线馈电。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述天线系统还包括调节器件，所述调节器件的一端连接于所述第一辐射体，所述调节器件的另一端连接于所述地板；
    所述调节器件为电容和/或电感。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述第一辐射体、所述第二辐射体、所述第三辐射体和所述间隙形成一非闭合槽，沿所述非闭合槽的长度方向，所述调节器件与所述第一辐射体连接形成的连接点位于所述第一馈电连接点和所述第二馈电连接点之间。
  4. 如权利要求1～3中任一项所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述间隙处设有电容，所述电容的两端分别连接于所述第二辐射体的第二端与所述第三辐射体的第二端。
  5. 如权利要求1～4中任一项所述的天线系统，其特征在于，
    所述第二辐射体和所述第三辐射体均呈L形。
  6. 如权利要求1～5中任一项所述的天线系统，其特征在于，
    所述第二辐射体上开设有一个或多个第一缝隙；和/或
    所述第三辐射体上开设有一个或多个第二缝隙。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述第一缝隙和所述第二缝隙中的至少一个缝隙处设有电容。
  8. 如权利要求1～7中任一项所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述第一辐射体与所述地板围合形成一闭合槽，所述闭合槽的长度大于或等于所述第一天线或所述第二天线的1/2倍波长且小于所述第一天线或所述第二天线的一倍波长。
  9. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求1～8中任一项所述的天线系统。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电子设备，其特征在于：
    所述第一辐射体由所述电子设备的金属边框或嵌设于金属边框内的内嵌金属结构件形成；以及
    所述第二辐射体和所述第三辐射体均由所述电子设备的金属结构件形成，或，均通过激光直接成型工艺形成于所述电子设备的支架上。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述第一辐射体由所述电子设备的金属边框形成，所述第二辐射体和所述第三辐射体均由所述电子设备中嵌设于所述金属边框内的内嵌金属结构件形成。
  12. 如权利要求9所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述第一辐射体由所述电子设备的金属电池盖或所述电子设备的金属中框形成；以及
    所述第二辐射体和所述第三辐射体均由所述电子设备的金属边框形成，或均由嵌设于金属边框内的内嵌金属结构件形成，或均通过激光直接成型工艺形成于所述电子设备的支架上。
PCT/CN2022/109988 2021-08-11 2022-08-03 天线系统及电子设备 WO2023016313A1 (zh)

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