WO2023015782A1 - 应用在有快速关断机制的光伏系统的检测电路 - Google Patents

应用在有快速关断机制的光伏系统的检测电路 Download PDF

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WO2023015782A1
WO2023015782A1 PCT/CN2021/134772 CN2021134772W WO2023015782A1 WO 2023015782 A1 WO2023015782 A1 WO 2023015782A1 CN 2021134772 W CN2021134772 W CN 2021134772W WO 2023015782 A1 WO2023015782 A1 WO 2023015782A1
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voltage
switch
output voltage
resistor
control signal
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PCT/CN2021/134772
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English (en)
French (fr)
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章豪顺
李信贤
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杭州联芯通半导体有限公司
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Priority to US18/293,232 priority Critical patent/US20240258967A1/en
Publication of WO2023015782A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023015782A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • the invention relates to a detection circuit, in particular to a detection circuit applied to a photovoltaic system with a fast shutdown mechanism.
  • the output voltage can be measured to simply determine whether the installation is correct. ;
  • the output voltage for testing after connecting multiple solar panels in series may be between 100V and 800V.
  • the present invention uses the least circuit elements to generate an output voltage of 0.6V to 1V for detection. That is, after the multi-level solar panels are connected in series, in the off state, it is possible to simply determine whether the installation of the photovoltaic system is correct by measuring a lower output voltage than the prior art.
  • the invention provides a detection circuit, which can shorten the inspection time of a photovoltaic system and improve safety.
  • the present invention provides a detection circuit applied to a photovoltaic system with a fast shutdown mechanism.
  • the detection circuit includes: a voltage generator, coupled to a solar panel in the photovoltaic system, and based on a first control signal and a second control The signal and a voltage source output by the solar panel generate a first output voltage and a second output voltage, and the voltage difference between the first output voltage and the second output voltage is less than or equal to the voltage source; wherein, the first control signal and the second The two control signals control the voltage generator to determine the first output voltage and the second output voltage of the voltage generator.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an implementation of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • PV+, PV- voltage source
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a detection circuit 100 applied to a photovoltaic system with a fast shutdown mechanism.
  • the detection circuit 100 includes: a voltage generator 101 , a high voltage rectifier 102 , and a level converter 103 .
  • the voltage generator 101 is coupled to a solar panel PV in the photovoltaic system, and generates a first output voltage OV1 and a first output voltage OV1 according to a first control signal C1, a second control signal C2 and a voltage source PV+ output by the solar panel. Two output voltages OV2, and the voltage difference between the first output voltage OV1 and the second output voltage OV2 is less than or equal to the voltage source PV+; the high voltage rectifier 102 is coupled to the solar panel PV, and provides a first regulated voltage D1 according to the voltage source PV+; wherein , the first control signal C1 and the second control signal C2 control the voltage generator 101 to determine the first output voltage OV1 and the second output voltage OV2 of the voltage generator 101 .
  • the level converter 103 is coupled to the high voltage rectifier 101.
  • the level converter 103 performs boost conversion according to the first regulated voltage D1 and the second control signal C2 and outputs a second regulated voltage D2.
  • the high voltage rectifier 102 includes: a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, and the first regulated voltage D1 is a divided voltage of the voltage source PV+ after the first resistor R1 is connected in series with the second resistor R2.
  • the second resistor R2 can be realized by a Zener diode, so as to stabilize the voltage value of the first regulating voltage D1.
  • the voltage generator 101 includes: a first switch SW1 , a second switch SW2 , and a third switch SW3 .
  • a first switch SW1 is coupled to the solar panel, and a first diode dio1 and a third resistor R3 are connected in series between the first switch SW1 and the solar panel, and a fourth resistor R3 is connected in parallel to the first diode dio1 R4, the first switch SW1 determines whether to be short-circuited according to the first control signal C1.
  • the second switch SW2 is coupled to the first diode dio1 and the third resistor R3, and the second switch SW2 determines the second switch SW2 according to the voltage division between the first diode dio1, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 Whether it is open circuit or short circuit; when the first switch SW1 is short circuited, the voltage source PV+ generates a divided voltage according to the first diode dio1, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 to make the second switch SW2 short circuit.
  • the second diode dio2 is connected in series with the second switch SW2.
  • the second switch SW2 When the second switch SW2 is short-circuited, a current generated from the first output voltage OV1 flows through the second diode dio2, and the second output voltage OV2 It is determined according to the voltage division after the second switch SW2 is connected in series with a fifth resistor R5.
  • the third switch SW3 is coupled to the level converter 103, and the third switch SW3 is connected in parallel with the fifth resistor R5.
  • the third switch SW3 determines whether to be short-circuited according to the second control signal C2.
  • the level converter 103 outputs the second regulation voltage D2 according to the second control signal C2 and the first regulation voltage D1 to determine the third Short circuit of switch SW3.
  • first switch SW1 and the third switch SW3 are not shorted at the same time.
  • first switch SW1 and the third switch SW3 are realized by an N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (NMOSFET), and the second switch SW2 is realized by a P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (PMOSFET). accomplish.
  • NMOSFET N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
  • PMOSFET P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
  • the operational behavior of the detection circuit 100 is described as follows:
  • the first state (the solar panel PV has just been installed and ready to supply power): the low-voltage first control signal C1 is zero (opening the first switch SW1), and the low-voltage second control signal C2 is zero (opening the third switch SW3).
  • the solar panel PV is just installed, it is the initial state.
  • the second state (detection mode): the low-voltage first control signal C1 is one (short-circuiting the first switch SW1), and the low-voltage second control signal C2 is zero (making the third switch SW3 open), at this time the first output voltage
  • the voltage difference between OV1 and the second output voltage OV2 is about 0.6V to 1V.
  • the third state transition state: the low-voltage first control signal C1 is zero (opening the first switch SW1 ), and the low-voltage second control signal C2 is zero (opening the third switch SW3 ).
  • the fourth state (normal power generation mode): the low-voltage first control signal C1 is zero (opening the first switch SW1), the low-voltage second control signal C2 is one (making the third switch SW3 short-circuit), at this time the first output
  • the voltage difference output from both ends of the voltage OV1 and the second output voltage OV2 is a voltage source PV+.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an implementation of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the voltage sources PV+ and PV- generated by the solar panel are about 10V to 80V.
  • the first resistor R1 in the high-voltage rectifier 102 is 100k ⁇
  • the second resistor R2 is realized by a Zener diode of 8.2V, so the high-voltage rectifier 102 will generate a voltage of 8.2V
  • a capacitor with a capacitance of 10 ⁇ F is coupled to both ends of the second resistor R2 to stabilize the voltage value of the first regulation voltage D1.
  • the first switch SW1 When entering the second state (detection mode), the first switch SW1 is short-circuited, and the second diode dio2 is connected in parallel with the third resistor R3 of 1M ⁇ and the fourth resistor R4 of 10M ⁇ , and the second diode dio2 is 7.5V Zener diode, in this case, the second switch SW2 is then turned on.
  • the second diode dio2 When the output of the solar panel is 10V, through the fifth resistor R5 of 800 ⁇ , the second diode dio2 has a voltage drop of 0.8V and will flow a current of 11.5mA, and the fifth resistor R5 will bear about 0.1W of energy. At this time, the overall maximum load that can be tolerated is about 10.5mA, and the output voltage is 0.6V.
  • the second diode dio2 When the output of the solar panel is 80V, through the fifth resistor R5 of 800 ⁇ , the second diode dio2 has a voltage drop of 1V and a current of about 99mA will flow, and the fifth resistor R5 will bear about 7.8W of energy. At this time, the overall maximum load that can be tolerated is about 98mA, and the output voltage is 0.6V.
  • the first switch When entering the normal mode, the first switch is open, and the second switch is also open, and then the second control signal C2 is one (short-circuiting the third switch SW3) so that the third switch SW3 is turned on, and the second output voltage OV2 is followed by
  • the voltage source PV- is connected to each other. Since the voltage source PV- is grounded, the voltage difference between the first output voltage OV1 and the second output voltage OV2 will be equal to the voltage source PV+.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference between the detection circuit 300 and 100 is that the detection circuit 300 does not include the high voltage rectifier 102 and the level converter 103 .
  • the third switch SW3 directly determines whether to be short-circuited according to the second control signal C2 , and the rest of the principles are the same as above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the present invention provides a detection circuit after the solar panel is installed, and its output terminal in the detection mode can send an output voltage of 0.6V to 1.0V, that is, the present invention uses the least circuit components to generate an output voltage of 0.6V to 1V.
  • the output voltage for detection is output to test the solar panel, that is, it can easily determine whether the installation of the photovoltaic system is correct by measuring the lower output voltage than the existing technology.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

一种应用在有快速关断机制的光伏系统的检测电路（100），检测电路（100）包含：一电压产生器（101），耦接至光伏系统中一太阳能板（PV），并依据一第一控制信号（C1）、一第二控制信号（C2）与太阳能板（PV）所输出的一电压源（PV+）产生一第一输出电压（OV1）与一第二输出电压（OV2），且第一输出电压（OV1）与第二输出电压（OV2）之电压差小于或等于电压源（PV+）；其中，第一控制信号（C1）与第二控制信号（C2）控制电压产生器（101），以决定电压产生器（101）的第一输出电压（OV1）与第二输出电压（OV2）。该检测电路（100）能够利用最少的电路元件产生0.6V至1V的检测用的输出电压进行输出来测试太阳能板（PV），即能通过量测较现有技术更低的输出电压，来简易的判定安装光伏系统是否正确。

Description

应用在有快速关断机制的光伏系统的检测电路 技术领域
本发明关于一种检测电路，尤指一种应用在有快速关断机制的光伏系统的检测电路。
背景技术
在目前光伏系统中，并无安装检测电路，太阳能板安装后的检验，是在串联多级太阳能板后，在一般关断的状况下，即能通过量测输出电压来简易的判定安装是否正确；当每个太阳能板的输出电压为10V至80V时，则在串联多级太阳能板后的测试用的输出电压可能100V至800V之间。
发明内容
为了方便太阳能板安装后的检测，规定在输出的正负端送出一个0.6V至1.0V的输出电压，即本发明利用最少的电路元件即产生0.6V至1V的检测用的输出电压进行输出。即，在串联多级太阳能板后，在关断的状况下，即能通过量测较现有技术更低的输出电压，来简易的判定安装光伏系统是否正确。
本发明提供一种检测电路，可以缩短光伏系统检验时间及提高安全性。
本发明提供一种应用在有快速关断机制的光伏系统的检测电路，检测电路包含：一电压产生器，耦接至光伏系统中一太阳能板，并依据一第一控制信号、一第二控制信号与太阳能板所输出的一电压源产生一第一输出电压与一第二输出电压，且第一输出电压与第二输出电压的电压差小于或等于电压源；其中，第一控制信号与第二控制信号控制电压产生器，以决定电压产生器的第一输出电压与第二输出电压。
附图说明
图1显示本发明一实施例的示意图。
图2显示本发明一实施例的实做示意图。
图3显示本发明一实施例的示意图。
【符号说明】
100、300:检测电路
101:电压产生器
102:高压整流器
103:准位转换器
SW1至SW3:开关
PV:太阳能板
PV+、PV-:电压源
OV1、OV2:输出电压
C1、C2:控制信号
D1、D2:调节电压
dio1、dio2:二极管
R1至R5:电阻
具体实施方式
请参考图1，图1显示本发明一实施例的示意图。本发明提供一种应用在有快速关断机制的光伏系统的检测电路100，检测电路100包含：一电压产生器101与高压整流器102、以及准位转换器103。
电压产生器101耦接至光伏系统中一太阳能板PV，并依据一第一控制信号C1、一第二控制信号C2与太阳能板所输出的一电压源PV+产生一第一输出电压OV1与一第二输出电压OV2，且第一输出电压OV1与第二输出电压OV2的电压差小于或等于电压源PV+；高压整流器102耦接至太阳能板PV，依据电压源PV+提供一第一调节电压D1；其中，第一控制信号C1与第二控制信号C2控制电压产生器101，以决定电压产生器101的第一输出电压OV1与第二输出电压OV2。
准位转换器103，耦接至高压整流器101，准位转换器103依据第一调节电压D1与第二控制信号C2进行升压转换并输出一第二调节电压D2。
在一实施例中，高电压整流器102包含：一第一电阻R1与一第二电阻R2，第一调节电压D1为电压源PV+依据第一电阻R1与第二电阻R2串联后的分压。
在另一实施例中，第二电阻R2可以由一齐纳二极管(Zener diode)所实现，以使得稳定第一调节电压D1的电压值。
在一实施例中，电压产生器101包含：第一开关SW1、第二开关SW2、第三开关SW3。一第一开关SW1耦接至太阳能板，且第一开关SW1与太阳能板之间串联耦接一第 一二极管dio1与一第三电阻R3，且第一二极管dio1并联一第四电阻R4，第一开关SW1依据第一控制信号C1决定是否短路。
第二开关SW2耦接至第一二极管dio1与第三电阻R3，第二开关SW2依据第一二极管dio1、第三电阻R3与第四电阻R4之间的分压决定第二开关SW2是否开路或短路；当第一开关SW1为短路时，电压源PV+依据第一二极管dio1、第三电阻R3与第四电阻R4产生分压使第二开关SW2为短路。
除此之外，第二二极管dio2串联第二开关SW2，当第二开关SW2为短路时，自第一输出电压OV1产生一电流流经第二二极管dio2，且第二输出电压OV2依据第二开关SW2与一第五电阻R5串联后的分压决定。
第三开关SW3耦接至准位转换器103，且第三开关SW3并联第五电阻R5，当第三开关SW3短路时，因另一电压源PV-为接地，故第一输出电压OV1与第二输出电压OV2的电压差等于电压源PV+。在一实施例中，第三开关SW3依据第二控制信号C2决定是否短路，换言之，准位转换器103依据第二控制信号C2与第一调节电压D1以输出第二调节电压D2以决定第三开关SW3的短路。
在一实施例中，第一开关SW1与第三开关SW3不同时短路。在另一实施例中，第一开关SW1与第三开关SW3由一N型金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(NMOSFET)实现，第二开关SW2由一P型金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(PMOSFET)实现。
检测电路100操作行为如下描述：
第一状态(太阳能板PV刚安装准备供电)：低压的第一控制信号C1为零(使第一开关SW1开路)，低压的第二控制信号C2为零(使第三开关SW3开路)，此时太阳能板PV刚安装上，为初始状态。
第二状态(检测模式)：低压的第一控制信号C1为一(使第一开关SW1短路)，低压的第二控制信号C2为零(使第三开关SW3开路)，此时第一输出电压OV1与第二输出电压OV2两端输出的电压差约0.6V至1V。
第三状态(过渡状态)：低压的第一控制信号C1为零(使第一开关SW1开路)，低压的第二控制信号C2为零(使第三开关SW3开路)。
第四状态(正常发电模式)：低压的第一控制信号C1为零(使第一开关SW1开路)，低压的第二控制信号C2为一(使第三开关SW3短路)，此时第一输出电压OV1与第二输出电压OV2两端输出的电压差为电压源PV+。
请同时参考图2，图2显示本发明一实施例的实做示意图。
在本实施例中，由太阳能板产生出来的电压源PV+与PV-约落在10V至80V。为了提供稳定的高电压，在本实施例中，高压整流器102中的第一电阻R1为100kΩ，且第二电阻R2为8.2V的齐纳二极管所实现，故此高压整流器102会产生8.2V的电压以供应准位转换器103，进而控制第三开关SW3；除此之外，第二电阻R2两端耦接一电容值为10μF电容，以作为稳定第一调节电压D1的电压值使用。
当进入第二状态(检测模式)的时候，第一开关SW1短路，在1MΩ的第三电阻R3及10MΩ的第四电阻R4分压并联第二二极管dio2，又第二二极管dio2为7.5V的齐纳二极管所实现，在此情况下则第二开关SW2跟着导通。
当太阳能板输出为10V，通过800Ω的第五电阻R5，第二二极管dio2有着0.8V的压降并会流经11.5mA电流，而第五电阻R5会承受约0.1W的能量。此时整体可承受的最大负载约是10.5mA，并输出0.6V电压。
当太阳能板输出为80V，通过800Ω的第五电阻R5，第二二极管dio2有着1V的压降并会流经约99mA的电流，而第五电阻R5会承受约7.8W的能量。此时整体可承受的最大负载约是98mA，并输出0.6V电压。
当进入正常模式时，第一开关为开路，第二开关也为开路，接着第二控制信号C2为一(使第三开关SW3短路)使导通第三开关SW3，把第二输出电压OV2跟电压源PV-相连接，因电压源PV-为接地状态，故第一输出电压OV1与第二输出电压OV2的电压差将等于电压源PV+。
请参考图3，图3显示本发明一实施例示意图。在本实施例中，检测电路300与100差异在于检测电路300不包含高压整流器102与准位转换器103。在本实施例中，第三开关SW3直接依据第二控制信号C2决定是否短路，其余原理与前述相同，在此不另行赘述。
综上所述，本发明提供太阳能板安装后的检测电路，在检测模式时的其输出端可以送出一个0.6V至1.0V的输出电压，即本发明利用最少的电路元件产生0.6V至1V的检测用的输出电压进行输出来测试太阳能板，即能通过量测较现有技术更低的输出电压，来简易的判定安装光伏系统是否正确。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种应用在有快速关断机制的光伏系统的检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路包含：
    一电压产生器，耦接至所述光伏系统中一太阳能板，并依据一第一控制信号、一第二控制信号与所述太阳能板所输出的一电压源产生一第一输出电压与一第二输出电压，且所述第一输出电压与所述第二输出电压的电压差小于或等于所述电压源；
    其中，所述第一控制信号与所述第二控制信号控制所述电压产生器，以决定所述电压产生器的所述第一输出电压与所述第二输出电压。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路包含：
    一高压整流器，耦接至所述太阳能板，依据所述电压源提供一第一调节电压；以及
    一准位转换器，耦接至所述高压整流器，依据所述第一调节电压与所述第二控制信号进行升压转换并输出一第二调节电压。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的检测电路，其特征在于，所述高压整流器包含：一第一电阻与一第二电阻，所述第一调节电压为所述电压源依据所述第一电阻与所述第二电阻串联后的分压。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的检测电路，其特征在于，所述电压产生器包含：
    一第一开关，耦接至所述太阳能板，且所述第一开关与所述电压源之间串联；
    耦接一第一二极管与一第三电阻，且所述第一二极管并联一第四电阻，所述第一开关依据所述第一控制信号决定是否短路；
    一第二开关，耦接至所述第一二极管与所述第三电阻，所述第二开关依据所述第一二极管、所述第三电阻与所述第四电阻之间的分压决定所述第二开关是否开路或短路；当第一开关为短路时，所述电压源依据所述第一二极管、所述第三电阻与所述第四电阻产生分压使所述第二开关为短路；
    一第二二极管，串联所述第二开关，当第二开关为短路时，自所述第一输出电压产生一电流流经所述第二二极管，且所述第二输出电压依据所述第二开关与一第五电阻串联后的分压并扣除所述第二二极管的压降所决定；
    一第三开关，耦接至所述准位转换器且并联所述第五电阻，当所述第三开关短路时，所述第一输出电压与所述第二输出电压的电压差等于所述电压源；
    其中，所述第一开关与所述第三开关不同时短路。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路在检测模式时，所述第一控制信号为一以使所述第一开关短路，所述第二控制信号为零以使所述第三开关为开路，此时所述第一输出电压与所述第二输出电压两端输出的电压差约0.6V至1V。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路在一检测模式时，所述第一控制信号为一以使所述第一开关短路，所述第二控制信号为零以使所述第三开关为开路，此时所述第一输出电压与所述第二输出电压两端输出的电压差约0.6V至1V。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路在一正常发电模式时，所述第一控制信号为零以使第一开关开路，所述第二控制信号为零为一以使所述第三开关短路，此时所述第一输出电压与所述第二输出电压两端输出的电压差为所述电压源。
PCT/CN2021/134772 2021-08-11 2021-12-01 应用在有快速关断机制的光伏系统的检测电路 WO2023015782A1 (zh)

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