WO2023013085A1 - 撮像素子 - Google Patents
撮像素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023013085A1 WO2023013085A1 PCT/JP2021/030243 JP2021030243W WO2023013085A1 WO 2023013085 A1 WO2023013085 A1 WO 2023013085A1 JP 2021030243 W JP2021030243 W JP 2021030243W WO 2023013085 A1 WO2023013085 A1 WO 2023013085A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pixel
- light
- pixels
- magenta
- cyan
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/802—Geometry or disposition of elements in pixels, e.g. address-lines or gate electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/1006—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths
- G02B27/1013—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths for colour or multispectral image sensors, e.g. splitting an image into monochromatic image components on respective sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/18—Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors
- H10F39/182—Colour image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/805—Coatings
- H10F39/8053—Colour filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/806—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/806—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the image sensors
- H10F39/8063—Microlenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/201—Filters in the form of arrays
Definitions
- the present technology relates to an imaging device that includes a spectroscopic device that disperses light in a predetermined wavelength range in incident light.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for achieving high sensitivity using a micrometalens.
- Imaging devices are required to improve light receiving efficiency and color reproducibility.
- An object of the present technology is to propose a configuration of an imaging device capable of improving characteristics of a captured image.
- An imaging device includes a pixel array in which pixels including a photoelectric conversion unit and a spectroscopic element arranged on a light incident side of the photoelectric conversion unit and configured to disperse light in a predetermined wavelength range are arranged two-dimensionally.
- a cyan pixel that receives cyan light, a magenta pixel that receives magenta light, and a yellow pixel that receives yellow light are provided.
- the red light, the green light, and the blue light only the red light is the light that is not received by the photoelectric conversion portion of the cyan pixel.
- Light that is not received by the photoelectric conversion units of the magenta pixels is only green light, and light that is not received by the photoelectric conversion units of the yellow pixels is only blue light. Light in each of these wavelength bands is dispersed toward other types of pixels.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of pixel arrangement; 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a pixel; FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a cyan pixel parallel to the xz plane; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a cyan pixel parallel to the yz plane; FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining how R light split from a cyan pixel is received by surrounding pixels; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view parallel to the xz plane for a magenta pixel; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view parallel to the yz plane for a magenta pixel; FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining how G light spectrally separated from a magenta pixel is received by surrounding pixels
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view parallel to the xz plane for a yellow pixel
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining how B light separated from a yellow pixel is received by surrounding pixels
- It is a cross-sectional view parallel to the xz plane for a green pixel.
- It is a cross-sectional view parallel to the yz plane for a green pixel.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining how R light and B light separated from a green pixel are received by surrounding pixels; It is a figure which shows the structural example of a spectroscopic element. It is a figure for demonstrating the case where light is made to inject only into the pixel adjacent to an oblique direction. It is a figure for demonstrating the case where the propagation direction of the light split in the diagonal direction is shifted to the x-axis direction. It is a figure which shows an example of the pixel block with which the image pick-up element in 2nd Embodiment is provided.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining how R light and B light separated from a green pixel are received by surrounding pixels; It is a figure which shows the structural example of a spectroscopic element. It is a figure for demonstrating the case where light is made to inject only into the pixel adjacent to an ob
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing how R light incident on a pixel block is split and received by surrounding pixels;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing how G light incident on a pixel block is split and received by a green pixel;
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing how B light incident on a pixel block is split and received by surrounding pixels;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of pixel arrangement in a pixel block; It is a figure which shows an example of the image pick-up element in 3rd Embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining how R light split from a cyan pixel is received by surrounding magenta and yellow pixels;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining how G light split from a magenta pixel is received by surrounding cyan and yellow pixels;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining how B light separated from a yellow pixel is received by surrounding cyan and magenta pixels;
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a spectroscopic element in a third embodiment;
- FIG. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a pixel in the fourth embodiment;
- FIG. 4 is a graph of transmission spectra of color splitters provided in green pixels;
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a green pixel;
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining four photoelectric conversion units included in each pixel; It is a figure for demonstrating the spectral direction of each pixel.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of a pixel array having a function of detecting a phase difference in the x-axis direction
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing still another example of a pixel array having a function of detecting a phase difference in the x-axis direction
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a pixel included in an image sensor according to a fifth embodiment
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another modification of the configuration in which six pixels are adjacent to one pixel;
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a pixel array configured with three pixels that receive light in the same wavelength band as one block; It is a figure for demonstrating the modification in which the pixel is provided with the color filter.
- FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an imaging device 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the imaging device 1 is configured with a pixel array 3 in which pixels 2 are arranged two-dimensionally.
- the longitudinal direction of the pixel array 3 is defined as the x-axis direction
- the lateral direction of the pixel array 3 is defined as the y-axis direction
- the thickness direction of the pixel array 3 is defined as the z-axis direction.
- the pixels 2 are arranged along the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction.
- the imaging device 1 includes a plurality of types of pixels 2 that receive light in different wavelength bands.
- the pixel 2 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the light incident side, and in this example, has a square shape as an example of a rectangular shape.
- a cyan pixel Cy that receives G (green) light and B (blue) light
- a magenta pixel Mg that receives R (red) light and B (blue) light
- R (red) light and G It includes a yellow pixel Ye that receives (green) light and a green pixel G that receives G (green) light. Note that this configuration is merely an example.
- the pixel adjacent to the cyan pixel Cy in the x-axis direction is the yellow pixel Ye
- the pixel adjacent to the cyan pixel Cy in the y-axis direction is the magenta pixel Mg.
- a green pixel G is a pixel located diagonally to the cyan pixel Cy.
- a pixel array 3 is formed by arranging 2 ⁇ 2 blocks each including one cyan pixel Cy, one magenta pixel Mg, one yellow pixel Ye, and one green pixel G in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction.
- the pixel 2 includes a wiring layer 5 formed on the side opposite to the light incident surface of the semiconductor substrate 4 (for example, the first surface side) and a transparent layer formed on the light incident surface side (for example, the second surface side). 6 are formed in layers.
- the semiconductor substrate 4 is made of silicon (Si) with a thickness of, for example, about 1 ⁇ m to 6 ⁇ m. Inside the semiconductor substrate 4, a photodiode serving as a photoelectric conversion portion 7 is formed substantially in the center of the pixel 2 in the xy plane.
- the photoelectric conversion unit 7 provided in the cyan pixel Cy is referred to as a photoelectric conversion unit 7c
- the photoelectric conversion unit 7 provided in the magenta pixel Mg is referred to as a photoelectric conversion unit 7m
- the photoelectric conversion unit 7 provided in the yellow pixel Ye is referred to as a photoelectric conversion unit 7m
- the conversion unit 7 is referred to as a photoelectric conversion unit 7y
- the photoelectric conversion unit 7 provided in the green pixel G is referred to as a photoelectric conversion unit 7g.
- the wiring layer 5 includes wirings 5b laminated in a plurality of layers in the z-axis direction inside an insulating portion 5a made of an insulating material.
- the wirings 5b arranged in different layers are appropriately electrically connected to each other through through-hole vias (not shown) or the like.
- the transparent layer 6 is made of an organic material such as transparent resin or an inorganic material such as silicon oxide, but the material of the transparent layer 6 is not limited to this.
- a spectral element 8 is formed inside the transparent layer 6 .
- a spectral element (color splitter) 8 is formed by combining a plurality of fine structures 9 . Any number of microstructures 9 may form one spectroscopic element 8 . In the following example, an example in which nine microstructures 9 are combined to form one spectroscopic element 8 will be described.
- the spectral element 8 has a different configuration for the cyan pixel Cy, the magenta pixel Mg, the yellow pixel Ye, and the green pixel G.
- the spectral element 8 provided in the cyan pixel Cy is referred to as the spectral element 8c
- the spectral element 8 provided in the magenta pixel Mg is referred to as the spectral element 8m
- the spectral element 8 provided in the yellow pixel Ye is the spectral element 8c.
- the spectral element 8 provided in the green pixel G is assumed to be a spectral element 8g.
- the semiconductor substrate 4, the insulating portion 5a, and the transparent layer 6 are depicted as being separated for each pixel 2, but this is an expression for convenience of explanation, and is actually 2, the semiconductor substrate 4, the insulating portion 5a, and the transparent layer 6 may be formed over a plurality of pixels 2, and need not be separated for each pixel 2.
- FIG. The same applies to subsequent figures.
- FIG. 4 a cross-sectional view parallel to the xz plane is shown in FIG. 4, and a cross-sectional view parallel to the yz plane is shown in FIG.
- the spectroscopic element 8c provided in the cyan pixel Cy separates the R light from the incident light to the photoelectric conversion unit 7y of the adjacent yellow pixel Ye and the photoelectric conversion unit 7m of the magenta pixel Mg. make it incident.
- the spectroscopic element 8c causes the G light and the B light to travel straight to be received by the photoelectric conversion unit 7c, and deflects the propagation direction of the R light so that the R light is incident on adjacent pixels 2 in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. do.
- the spectral element 8c separates the R light so that the R light does not enter the green pixel G located in the diagonal direction of the cyan pixel Cy on the xy plane.
- the spectroscopic element 8c splits so that the R light is incident only on the adjacent pixels 2 in the x-axis direction and the adjacent pixels 2 in the y-axis direction.
- FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the magenta pixel Mg parallel to the xz plane
- FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the magenta pixel Mg parallel to the yz plane
- FIG. A diagram is shown in FIG.
- the spectroscopic element 8m provided in the magenta pixel Mg causes part of the G light separated from the incident light to enter the photoelectric conversion portion 7g of the green pixel G adjacent in the x-axis direction.
- the spectroscopic element 8m makes part of the G light separated from the incident light enter the photoelectric conversion portion 7c of the cyan pixel Cy adjacent in the y-axis direction.
- the spectroscopic element 8m causes part of the G light separated from the incident light to enter the photoelectric conversion section 7y of the yellow pixel Ye located in the oblique direction on the xy plane.
- the spectroscopic element 8m directs the R light and the B light to be received by the photoelectric conversion unit 7m, and transmits the G light to the adjacent pixels 2 in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction and the pixels 2 located obliquely in the xy plane. , the propagation direction of the G light is deflected so that is incident (see FIG. 10).
- FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view of the yellow pixel Ye parallel to the xz plane
- the spectroscopic element 8y provided in the yellow pixel Ye makes part of the B light separated from the incident light enter the photoelectric conversion section 7c of the cyan pixel Cy adjacent in the x-axis direction.
- the spectroscopic element 8y makes a part of the B light separated from the incident light enter the photoelectric conversion portion 7m of the magenta pixel Mg located in the oblique direction on the xy plane.
- the spectroscopic element 8y directs the R light and the G light so that they are received by the photoelectric conversion unit 7y. to deflect the propagation direction of the B light (see FIG. 13).
- FIG. 14 a cross-sectional view of the green pixel G parallel to the xz plane is shown in FIG. 14, a cross-sectional view parallel to the yz plane is shown in FIG. A diagram is shown in FIG.
- the spectroscopic element 8g provided in the green pixel G transfers part of the R light and part of the B light separated from incident light to the photoelectric conversion unit 7m of the magenta pixel Mg adjacent in the x-axis direction. make it incident.
- the spectroscopic element 8g makes a part of the R light separated from the incident light enter the photoelectric conversion portion 7y of the yellow pixel Ye adjacent in the y-axis direction.
- the spectroscopic element 8g causes part of the B light separated from the incident light to enter the photoelectric conversion portion 7c of the cyan pixel Cy located obliquely on the xy plane.
- the spectroscopic element 8g directs the G light to be received by the photoelectric conversion section 7g, and either or each of the adjacent pixels 2 in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction and the pixels 2 located obliquely in the xy plane.
- the propagation directions of the R light and the B light are deflected so that at least one of the R light and the B light is incident on (see FIG. 17).
- the spectroscopic element 8 is configured so as not to allow light in a specific wavelength band to enter the photoelectric conversion section 7 located directly under it (in the z-axis direction). , the spectral element 8 functions as a color filter.
- the spectroscopic element 8 is configured with a plurality of types of microstructures 9 .
- FIG. 18 shows an arrangement example of the microstructures 9 .
- FIG. 18 shows the end surface of the transparent layer 6 on the light incident side. As shown, one first microstructure 9a, two second microstructures 9b, and two third microstructures 9c are arranged substantially in the center of the pixel 2 in the xy plane. , and four fourth microstructures 9d.
- the second microstructure 9b is provided apart from the first microstructure 9a in the x-axis direction.
- the third microstructure 9c is provided apart from the first microstructure 9a in the y-axis direction.
- the fourth microstructure 9d is provided so as to be separated from the first microstructure 9a in the oblique direction of the xy plane.
- the third microstructure 9c delays the phase of the R light with respect to the first microstructure 9a
- the fourth microstructure 9d delays the phase of the R light with respect to the second microstructure 9b.
- the R light does not enter the photoelectric conversion section 7 located directly below the pixel 2, but enters the photoelectric conversion section 7 of the pixel 2 adjacent in the y-axis direction.
- the R light incident on the cyan pixel Cy is incident on the adjacent yellow pixel Ye in the x-axis direction.
- the phase of the B light passing through the second fine structure 9b, the third fine structure 9c, and the fourth fine structure 9d does not change with respect to the B light passing through the first fine structure 9a, , the B light incident on the pixel 2 is incident on the photoelectric conversion portion 7 located directly below.
- the B light incident on the cyan pixel Cy is incident on the photoelectric conversion section 7c positioned directly below.
- the microstructure 9 has a refractive index set so that each of the R light, the G light, and the B light is dispersed in a predetermined direction.
- the refractive index of the microstructure 9 is appropriately set according to its shape, thickness, length, material, and the like.
- the spectroscopic element 8 may be configured by combining three types of microstructures 9 .
- the second microstructure 9b and the third microstructure 9c may be the same.
- the R light incident on the cyan pixel Cy is incident on the magenta pixel Mg and the yellow pixel Ye adjacent to the cyan pixel Cy in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction.
- the G light incident on the magenta pixel Mg is incident on the cyan pixel Cy, the yellow pixel Ye, and the green pixel G adjacent to the magenta pixel Mg in the x-axis direction, the y-axis direction, and obliquely.
- FIG. 6 the R light incident on the cyan pixel Cy is incident on the magenta pixel Mg and the yellow pixel Ye adjacent to the cyan pixel Cy in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction.
- the B light incident on the yellow pixel Ye is incident on the magenta pixel Mg obliquely adjacent to the cyan pixel Cy adjacent to the yellow pixel Ye in the x-axis direction.
- the R light incident on the green pixel G is incident on the magenta pixel Mg and the yellow pixel Ye adjacent to the green pixel G in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction.
- the B light incident on the green pixel G is incident on the magenta pixel Mg adjacent to the green pixel G in the x-axis direction and the cyan pixel Cy adjacent in the oblique direction.
- each pixel 2 there is no case where the light of each wavelength band incident on each pixel 2 is dispersed so that it is incident only on the obliquely adjacent pixels 2 .
- Second Embodiment> In the image sensor 1A according to the second embodiment, four pixels each composed of two pixels arranged in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction are treated as one pixel block 10, and light incident on one pixel block 10 is Spectroscopy is performed so that other pixel blocks 10 do not receive the light.
- the pixel block 10 includes one cyan pixel Cy, one magenta pixel Mg, one yellow pixel Ye, and one green pixel G, respectively.
- the pixel block 10 includes cyan pixels Cy and yellow pixels Ye adjacent to each other in the x-axis direction, and magenta pixels Mg and green pixels G adjacent to each other in the x-axis direction.
- the pixel block 10 is composed of cyan pixels Cy and magenta pixels Mg adjacent to each other in the y-axis direction, and yellow pixels Ye and green pixels G adjacent to each other in the y-axis direction.
- the R light incident on the pixel block 10 is split into cyan pixels Cy and green pixels G. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 22, the R light incident on the cyan pixel Cy is dispersed toward the magenta pixel Mg adjacent in the y-axis direction. Also, the R light incident on the green pixel G is dispersed toward the adjacent yellow pixel Ye in the y-axis direction.
- the G light incident on the pixel block 10 is separated by the magenta pixel Mg. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 23, the G light incident on the magenta pixel Mg is dispersed toward the adjacent green pixel G in the x-axis direction.
- the B light that has entered the pixel block 10 is separated by the yellow pixel Ye and the green pixel G. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 24, the B light incident on the yellow pixel Ye is dispersed toward the adjacent cyan pixel Cy in the x-axis direction. Also, the B light incident on the green pixel G is dispersed toward the magenta pixel Mg adjacent in the x-axis direction.
- the pixel block 10 does not need to have a configuration for splitting light toward adjacent pixels 2 located obliquely in the xy plane.
- the magenta pixel Mg, and the yellow pixel Ye it is sufficient to split the light in one wavelength band among the R light, G light, and B light in one direction.
- the green pixel G it is necessary to disperse the light in two wavelength bands among the R light, the G light, and the B light. Just turn it.
- the degree of design freedom can be improved, and the spectral characteristics (filter characteristics) of the spectroscopic element 8 in the intended wavelength band can be improved.
- the degree of freedom in design can be improved and the cost can be reduced.
- the pixel block 10A includes cyan pixels Cy and green pixels G adjacent to each other in the x-axis direction, and yellow pixels Ye and magenta pixels Mg adjacent to each other in the x-axis direction.
- the pixel block 10A is composed of cyan pixels Cy and yellow pixels Ye adjacent to each other in the y-axis direction, and green pixels G and magenta pixels Mg adjacent to each other in the y-axis direction.
- the R light incident on the cyan pixel Cy is split toward the yellow pixel Ye, and the R light incident on the green pixel G is split toward the magenta pixel Mg.
- the G light incident on the magenta pixel Mg is dispersed toward the green pixel G.
- the B light incident on the yellow pixel Ye is split toward the magenta pixel Mg, and the B light incident on the green pixel G is split toward the cyan pixel Cy.
- the mode of selection as to which pixel 2 the spectrum is propagated to is not limited to this.
- the R light incident on the cyan pixel Cy may be dispersed toward the pixel 2 adjacent in either the x-axis direction or the y-axis direction between the yellow pixel Ye and the magenta pixel Mg. The same applies to the R light incident on the green pixel G. As shown in FIG.
- the G light incident on the magenta pixel Mg is dispersed toward the pixel 2 adjacent in either the x-axis direction or the y-axis direction among the cyan pixel Cy, the yellow pixel Ye, and the green pixel G, good.
- the B light incident on the yellow pixel Ye may be dispersed toward the pixel 2 adjacent in either the x-axis direction or the y-axis direction, out of the cyan pixel Cy and the magenta pixel Mg.
- the B light incident on the green pixel G is also the same.
- each pixel 2 has a hexagonal shape when viewed from the light incident side.
- pixels 2 cyan pixels Cy, magenta pixels Mg, and yellow pixels Ye are provided, and green pixels G are not provided.
- FIG. 1 A specific arrangement of pixels 2 is shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 26 shows part of the pixel array 3B. As shown, the cyan pixel Cy is surrounded by six pixels 2 which are alternating magenta pixels Mg and yellow pixels Ye.
- magenta pixel Mg is surrounded by the cyan pixel Cy and the yellow pixel Ye.
- a yellow pixel Ye is surrounded by a cyan pixel Cy and a magenta pixel Mg.
- the spectroscopic element 8c of the cyan pixel Cy causes the R light separated from the incident light to enter the surrounding magenta pixel Mg and yellow pixel Ye.
- the spectroscopic element 8m of the magenta pixel Mg causes the G light separated from the incident light to enter the surrounding cyan pixel Cy and yellow pixel Ye.
- the spectroscopic element 8y of the yellow pixel Ye makes the B light separated from the incident light enter the surrounding cyan pixel Cy and magenta pixel Mg.
- FIG. 30 shows an arrangement example of the microstructures 9 forming the spectroscopic element 8 provided in each pixel 2 .
- FIG. 30 shows the end face of the transparent layer 6 on the light incident side. As shown in the figure, one fifth fine structure 9e and six sixth fine structures 9f are arranged substantially in the center of the pixel 2 in the xy plane.
- the sixth microstructures 9f are arranged at regular intervals so as to surround the fifth microstructures 9e.
- the sixth microstructure 9f delays the phase of light in a predetermined wavelength band (for example, B light) with respect to the fifth microstructure 9e.
- the light does not enter the photoelectric conversion unit 7 located there, but enters the photoelectric conversion units 7 of the surrounding adjacent pixels 2 .
- the spectroscopic element 8 provided in each pixel 2 disperses light so that light in a predetermined wavelength range is evenly incident on the surrounding six pixels 2 . In other words, it suffices to concentrically irradiate the dispersed light.
- the spectroscopic element 8 since it is not necessary to split the light by restricting the direction so that only the pixels 2 located in a specific direction on the xy plane receive the split light, the spectroscopic element 8 can be easily designed and manufactured. It is possible to lower the difficulty of This makes it possible to improve design accuracy and characteristics. In addition, since each spectroscopic element 8 may disperse one of R light, G light, and B light as a target, fabrication is facilitated, and filter characteristics can be improved.
- An imaging device 1C according to the fourth embodiment uses a spectroscopic device 8 having a fine structure 9 to disperse R light, G light, and B light into light in finer wavelength bands.
- FIG. 1 A configuration example in which the pixel 2 is a green pixel G is shown in FIG.
- the green pixel G in this embodiment includes an on-chip microlens 11, a transparent layer 6, a color filter CF, and four photoelectric conversion units 71, 72, 73, and 74.
- a fine structure 9 (not shown) is formed in the transparent layer 6 to split the incident light in the x-axis direction according to the length of the wavelength with respect to a specific wavelength. That is, the transparent layer 6 functions as a color splitter 12 that separates incident light according to wavelength. Note that the color splitter 12 provided for the green pixel G splits the light with reference to the center wavelength of the wavelength range of the G light.
- G light closer to B light is called Ga light
- G light closer to R light is called Gb light.
- the component on the short wavelength side of G light is Ga light
- the component on the long wavelength side of G light is Gb light.
- the B light and the G light (Ga light) closer to the B light are split in the directions where the photoelectric conversion units 71 and 72 are located, and the G light (Gb light) closer to the R light and the R light are photoelectrically converted.
- the light is split in the direction where the portions 73 and 74 are located.
- FIG. 32 shows a graph of the transmission spectrum of the color splitter 12, with the horizontal axis representing the wavelength and the vertical axis representing the level of transmitted light.
- the solid line graph in FIG. 32 is the transmission spectrum of the color splitter 12 with respect to the photoelectric conversion units 71 and 72 .
- 32 is the transmission spectrum of the color splitter 12 with respect to the photoelectric conversion units 73 and 74.
- the color splitter 12 separates the B light and Ga light and the Gb light and R light into different directions on the x-axis.
- the color filter CF of the green pixel G transmits only G light. Therefore, from the light split by the color splitter 12, the B light and the R light are cut by the color filter CF, so that the Ga light is incident on the photoelectric conversion units 71 and 72, and the Gb light is converted into the photoelectric conversion units 73 and 73. 74.
- FIG. 1 An exploded perspective view of the green pixel G is shown in FIG.
- the photoelectric conversion units 71 and 72 are a photoelectric conversion unit 7ga for receiving Ga light
- the photoelectric conversion units 73 and 74 are a photoelectric conversion unit 7gb for receiving Gb light.
- the Ga light component is detected based on the pixel signals obtained by the photoelectric conversion units 71 and 72, and the Gb light component is detected based on the pixel signals obtained by the photoelectric conversion units 73 and 74. can be done.
- the color reproducibility of G light can be improved.
- the pixel signal of Ga light and the pixel signal of Gb light are combined and handled, so that the G light can be detected.
- the pixel signals of Ga light and the pixel signals of Gb light it is possible to calculate the color of an image based on light that has been split into more colors, thereby improving color reproducibility. can.
- the Ga light received by the photoelectric conversion units 71 and 72 is based on the incident light that has passed through the pupils divided in the y-axis direction. Therefore, by comparing the pixel signal obtained from the photoelectric conversion unit 71 and the pixel signal obtained from the photoelectric conversion unit 72, the phase difference in the y-axis direction can be detected. Thereby, the defocus amount can be calculated.
- the incident light spectral direction is the x-axis direction
- the phase difference detection direction is the y-axis direction.
- red pixels R that receive R light, green pixels G that receive G light, and blue pixels B that receive B light adopt a Bayer array configuration Configuration capable of improving color reproducibility and detecting phase difference explain.
- each pixel 2 red pixel R, green pixel G, blue pixel B included in the pixel array 3C of the image sensor 1C has one on-chip microlens 11 and four photoelectric conversion units 7. It has The photoelectric conversion unit 7 of the green pixel G includes a photoelectric conversion unit 7ga for receiving Ga light which is G light closer to B light and a photoelectric conversion unit 7gb for receiving Gb light which is G light closer to R light. .
- a photoelectric conversion unit 7ba that receives Ba light having a wavelength shorter than the center wavelength of the B light (a component on the short wavelength side of the B light), and a B light closer to the G light. is provided with a photoelectric conversion unit 7bb that receives the Bb light (the component on the longer wavelength side of the B light).
- the photoelectric conversion unit 7 of the red pixel R includes a photoelectric conversion unit 7ra for receiving Ra light (a component on the short wavelength side of R light), which is R light close to G light, and A photoelectric conversion unit 7rb for receiving Rb light with a long wavelength (long wavelength side component of R light) is provided.
- each pixel 2 can disperse the incident light in the x-axis direction and detect the phase difference in the y-axis direction, as shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 36 shows a function for detecting the phase difference in the x-axis direction for G pixels, which are more numerous than R and B pixels in the Bayer array.
- approximately half of the color splitters 12 of G pixels are configured so that the spectral direction of incident light is in the x-axis direction, while the remaining approximately half of the color splitters 12 of G pixels are configured so that the spectral direction of incident light is in the y-axis direction.
- FIG. 37 shows another example of a configuration in which not only the phase difference in the y-axis direction but also the phase difference in the x-axis direction can be detected.
- the spectral direction of incident light is made different for each pixel block 10B consisting of 2 pixels in each row and 2 pixels in the Bayer array. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 37, for a pixel block 10BX in which the spectral direction of incident light is in the x-axis direction, the adjacent pixel block 10BY has the spectral direction of incident light in the y-axis direction. .
- the configuration shown in FIG. 37 can detect phase differences in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction and improve color reproducibility.
- the pixel array 3C shown in FIG. 38 includes a green pixel block 13G including four green pixels G, a red pixel block 13R including four red pixels R, and a blue pixel block 13B including four blue pixels B. are arranged in a Bayer array in units of pixel blocks.
- Each pixel block 13 is composed of four pixels 2 and includes four on-chip microlenses 11 and 16 photoelectric conversion units 7 .
- the respective pixel blocks 13G, 13R, and 13B have different spectral directions between pixels adjacent to each other in the x-axis direction and between pixels adjacent to each other in the y-axis direction.
- the imaging element 1D in the fifth embodiment is a combination of the first or second embodiment and the fourth embodiment. That is, in the pixel 2 according to the fifth embodiment, the spectroscopic element 8 composed of the fine structure 9 separates the light of unnecessary wavelength bands to the adjacent pixels 2, and at the same time, the incident specific wavelength band The color reproducibility is improved by providing the color splitter 12 for splitting the light.
- the cyan pixel Cy and the yellow pixel Ye will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
- a cyan pixel Cy includes one on-chip microlens 11, a spectral element 8c, a color splitter 12c, a color filter CFc, four photoelectric conversion units 7c, and a wiring layer 5.
- photoelectric conversion units 7c Of the four photoelectric conversion units 7c, two are photoelectric conversion units 7ca for receiving short-wavelength cyan light, and the remaining two are photoelectric conversion units 7cb for receiving long-wavelength cyan light.
- the color filter CFc is a filter that does not transmit R light.
- the yellow pixel Ye includes one on-chip microlens 11, a spectral element 8y, a color splitter 12y, a color filter CFy, two photoelectric conversion units 7ya, two photoelectric conversion units 7yb, and a wiring layer 5.
- the color filter CFy is a filter that does not transmit B light.
- a magenta pixel Mg (not shown) includes a spectral element 8m, a color splitter 12m, a color filter CFm, two photoelectric conversion units 7ma, and two photoelectric conversion units 7mb.
- the green pixel G includes a spectral element 8g, a color splitter 12g, a color filter CFg, two photoelectric conversion units 7ga, and two photoelectric conversion units 7gb.
- each pixel 2 is configured to include a color filter CF in FIG. 39, the pixel 2 may be configured without a color filter CF. That is, since the color splitter 12 separates the light of unnecessary wavelength bands for each pixel 2 to other pixels, the same effect can be obtained without the color filter CF.
- the spectroscopic element 8 is configured by forming the fine structure 9 so that the end face is exposed on the surface of the transparent layer 6 .
- the end face of the fine structure 9 may be formed so as not to be exposed on the surface of the transparent layer 6 .
- the spectroscopic element 8 may be configured by forming the fine structure 9 so as to be completely buried inside the transparent layer 6 .
- the on-chip microlens 11 may be provided on the light incident side of the transparent layer 6 (see FIG. 40). .
- each pixel 2 has an on-chip microlens 11
- the fine structure 9 is formed near the center of the pixel 2 in the xy plane in consideration of the light condensing effect of the on-chip microlens 11. good too.
- the fine structure 9 may be configured outside the transparent layer 6.
- the spectroscopic element 8 may have a light collecting function for the photoelectric conversion section 7 .
- the pixel 2 has a hexagonal shape, and six pixels are arranged around the pixel 2 . 42 and 43 show modifications thereof.
- each pixel 2 has a square shape when viewed from the light incident side.
- each pixel 2 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the light incident side.
- the same actions and effects as in the third embodiment can be obtained.
- the centers of gravity of the pixels 2 can be arranged in a hexagonal close-packed structure, that is, when the centers of gravity of the pixels 2 are connected, they form a regular hexagon. becomes.
- FIG. 44 shows another example in which the shape of the pixel 2 is hexagonal as in the third embodiment.
- This example is a diagram showing an example of a pixel array in which one pixel block 14 is composed of three pixels that receive light in the same wavelength band. Specifically, a cyan pixel block 14c consisting of three cyan pixels Cy, a magenta pixel block 14m consisting of three magenta pixels Mg, and a yellow pixel block 14y consisting of three yellow pixels Ye are arranged.
- FIG. 44 shows the irradiation range of G light spectrally separated from the magenta pixel Mg. As indicated by the shaded areas in FIG. 44, the G light is split so that it enters the adjacent cyan pixel block 14c and yellow pixel block 14y, and the G light is split to the magenta pixel Mg located outside of them. is prevented from entering.
- the pixel 2 may be configured with a color filter CF (see FIG. 45).
- the cyan pixel Cy includes a color filter CFc that transmits only cyan light on the light incident side of the photoelectric conversion unit 7c
- the magenta pixel Mg includes a color filter that transmits only magenta light on the light incident side of the photoelectric conversion unit 7m.
- a filter CFm may be provided
- the yellow pixel Ye may be provided with a color filter CFy that transmits only yellow light on the light incident side of the photoelectric conversion unit 7y.
- each photoelectric conversion unit 7 does not need to receive light of an unnecessary color, so that color reproducibility can be improved.
- the spectroscopic element 8g deflects the propagation directions of both the R light and the B light so that the photoelectric conversion unit 7g of the green pixel G receives only the G light.
- the photoelectric conversion section 7g is configured to receive only G light.
- the photoelectric conversion units 7 (7c, 7m, 7y, 7g, 71, 72, 73, 74) and the photoelectric conversion units 7 and a pixel array 3 (3B, 3C) in which the pixels 2 are arranged in a two-dimensional manner and include spectroscopic elements 8 (8c, 8m, 8y, 8g) that are arranged on the light incident side and disperse light in a predetermined wavelength range.
- a cyan pixel Cy that receives cyan light
- a magenta pixel Mg that receives magenta light
- a yellow pixel Ye that receives yellow light
- the photoelectric conversion unit 7c of the cyan pixel Cy As a result, among the red light (R light), green light (G light), and blue light (B light), only the R light is not received by the photoelectric conversion unit 7c of the cyan pixel Cy. Light that is not received by the photoelectric conversion unit 7m of the magenta pixel Mg is only G light, and light that is not received by the photoelectric conversion unit 7y of the yellow pixel Ye is only B light.
- the photoelectric conversion units 7 that receive the R light are of two types (the photoelectric conversion units 7m and 7y) out of the photoelectric conversion units 7c, 7m, and 7y. Similarly, each of the G light and the B light can be received by the two types of photoelectric conversion elements.
- the propagation direction of the split light can be widened. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the spectroscopic element 8 and to improve the characteristics of the spectroscopic element 8 such as reduction of color mixture. In addition, since a specific wavelength component in the incident light can be effectively used without being cut, the utilization efficiency of the incident light can be improved.
- the spectroscopic element 8 of the cyan pixel Cy emits red light (R light) to the surrounding magenta pixel Mg. and the yellow pixel Ye, and the spectral element 8 of the magenta pixel Mg splits the green light (G light) toward the surrounding cyan pixel Cy and yellow pixel Ye.
- the spectral element 8 of the yellow pixel Ye is a third spectral element (spectroscopic element 8m) that disperses the blue light (B light) toward the surrounding cyan pixel Cy and magenta pixel Mg. 8y).
- the spectral direction of the spectroscopic element 8 (8c, 8m, 8y) is not restricted too much. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the spectroscopic element 8 and to improve the characteristics of the spectroscopic element 8 .
- the cyan pixel Cy includes a cyan color filter (color filter CFc) that transmits cyan light
- the magenta pixel Mg includes a A magenta color filter (color filter CFm) that transmits magenta light may be included
- the yellow pixel Ye may include a yellow color filter (color filter CFy) that transmits yellow light.
- the R light leaking to the cyan pixel Cy can be cut by the cyan color filter (color filter CFc).
- the G light leaking to the magenta pixel Mg can be cut by the color filter CFm.
- the B light leaking to the yellow pixel Ye can be cut by the color filter CFy. Therefore, it is possible to improve the characteristics of the imaging element.
- the target accuracy of the spectroscopic element 8 can be lowered, and the degree of difficulty in manufacturing the spectroscopic element 8 can be reduced.
- green pixels G that receive green light (G light) are provided as pixels 2, and the pixel array 3 includes cyan pixels Cy and magenta pixels Mg.
- a pixel block 10 (10A) composed of 2 pixels in vertical and horizontal directions including a yellow pixel Ye and a green pixel G may be continuously arranged vertically and horizontally.
- the pixels 2 adjacent to each other in either the x-axis direction or the y-axis direction can be included in the spectrum propagation range of the spectroscopic element 8 . Therefore, it is not necessary to limit the spectral direction of the spectroscopic element 8 so that only the pixels 2 positioned in the oblique direction receive the light. can be prevented.
- the spectroscopic element 8 of the green pixel G in the imaging element 1 (1A, 1C, 1D) emits red light (R light) to the surrounding magenta pixel Mg.
- a fourth spectroscopic element (spectroscopic element 8g) that disperses light toward the yellow pixel Ye and disperses blue light (B light) toward the surrounding cyan pixel Cy and magenta pixel Mg may be provided. That is, there are a plurality of types of pixels 2 capable of receiving R light and a plurality of types of pixels 2 capable of receiving B light. Therefore, for the green pixel G as well, the spectral direction of the spectral element 8g need not be too limited. This makes it possible to reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the spectroscopic element 8g and improve the characteristics of the spectroscopic element 8g.
- the second spectroscopic element (spectroscopic element 8m) in the image sensor 1 (1A, 1C, 1D) emits green light (G light) to surrounding cyan pixels.
- the light may be split toward Cy, the yellow pixel Ye, and the green pixel G. That is, the green pixel G may be included in the spectral direction of the spectral element 8m of the magenta pixel Mg. Therefore, even in a configuration in which color reproducibility is improved by including the green pixel G, the spectral direction (spectral range) of the spectral element 8m of the magenta pixel Mg can be widened, and the difficulty of manufacturing the spectral element 8m can be reduced. be able to.
- the first spectroscopic element (spectroscopic element 8c), the second spectroscopic element (spectroscopic element 8m), and the third spectroscopic element (spectroscopic element 8m) The element 8y) and the fourth spectroscopic element (spectroscopic element 8g) perform spectroscopy toward the photoelectric conversion units 7 (7c, 7m, 7y, 7g) in the same pixel block 10 (10A, 10B, 10X, 10Y). may As a result, the spectroscopy element 8 only needs to disperse light toward the other pixels 2 in the pixel block 10 .
- the light separated by the spectral elements 8c, 8m, and 8y of the cyan pixel Cy, magenta pixel Mg, and yellow pixel Ye is configured to enter one pixel 2 adjacent in the x-axis direction or the y-axis direction. Therefore, the structure of the spectral element 8 can be simplified.
- the first spectroscopic element is the magenta pixel Mg and the yellow pixel in the same pixel block 10 (10A, 10B, 10X, 10Y).
- the second spectroscopic element splits the red light (R light) so that it is received by only one of the pixels Ye.
- the third spectroscopic element splits the green light (G light) so that it is received by only one of the pixels G, and the cyan pixel Cy and the magenta pixel Mg in the same pixel block 10.
- the fourth spectroscopic element splits the blue light (B light) so that it is received by only one of them.
- red light so as to be received by 2
- blue light so as to be received by only one of the cyan pixel Cy and magenta pixel Mg in the same pixel block 10.
- the propagation direction of the light split by the spectroscopic elements 8c, 8m, and 8y of the cyan pixel Cy, magenta pixel Mg, and yellow pixel Ye can be limited to one direction, and the arrangement direction of the pixels 2 (x-axis or y-axis direction), the structure of the spectroscopic element 8 can be simplified.
- the spectral direction of the R light and the spectral direction of the B light can each be limited to one direction, and the arrangement direction of the pixels 2 (x-axis direction or y-axis direction) can be matched with
- the green pixel G may include a green color filter (color filter CFg) that transmits green light (G light). good.
- color filter CFg green color filter
- the R light and B light leaking to the green pixel G can be cut by the green color filter (color filter CFg). Therefore, it is possible to improve the characteristics of the imaging element.
- the target accuracy of the spectroscopic element 8g can be lowered, and the difficulty of manufacturing the spectroscopic element 8 can be lowered.
- the pixel 2 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the light incident side, and the pixel array 3 (3C) has a , pixels may be arranged at regular intervals in a first direction (for example, the x-axis direction) and a second direction (for example, the y-axis direction) perpendicular to the first direction. Accordingly, the above-described effects can be obtained in a configuration that employs a general pixel array.
- the pixels 2 arranged outside the outermost periphery of the pixel array 3B may be surrounded by six pixels 2. .
- the above effects can be obtained in a configuration employing a honeycomb structure or in a configuration in which the rectangular pixels 2 are arranged in the same manner as the honeycomb structure.
- the six adjacent pixels 2 of the cyan pixel Cy are either the yellow pixel Ye or the magenta pixel Mg, and the six adjacent pixels of the yellow pixel Ye 2 may be either the cyan pixel Cy or the magenta pixel Mg, and the six adjacent pixels 2 of the magenta pixel Mg may be either the cyan pixel Cy or the yellow pixel Ye.
- the R light that is not desired to be received by the cyan pixel Cy may be received by any of the surrounding pixels. That is, the spectroscopic element 8c of the cyan pixel Cy should be configured so that the R light separated from the incident light propagates toward the surrounding pixels 2 concentrically.
- the design accuracy of the spectroscopic element 8 can be improved, and the characteristics of the spectroscopic element 8 can be improved.
- the pixel 2 may have a hexagonal shape when viewed from the light incident side.
- the effects described above can be obtained in a configuration employing a honeycomb structure.
- the honeycomb structure it is possible to improve the utilization efficiency of the incident light and to improve the resolution in the gradation direction.
- the spectroscopic device 8 (8c, 8m, 8y, 8g) has a plurality of types of different refractive indices. It may have microstructures 9 (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f). This makes it possible to disperse light in a specific wavelength band in the incident light toward other pixels 2 using the microstructures 9 .
- the on-chip microlens 11 is provided on the light incident side of the spectroscopic device 8 (8c, 8m, 8y, 8g). good too.
- the incident light can be collected efficiently on the spectroscopic element 8, so that the resolution in the gradation direction can be enhanced.
- the spectroscopic element 8 does not need to have an excessive light collecting function, the design accuracy of the spectroscopic element 8 can be improved.
- the image pickup device 1C and the image pickup device 1D each include a first-type photoelectric conversion unit (for example, a photoelectric conversion unit 7ga in the green pixel G) and a second-type photoelectric conversion unit.
- a first-type photoelectric conversion unit for example, a photoelectric conversion unit 7ga in the green pixel G
- second-type photoelectric conversion unit for example, a photoelectric conversion unit 7ga in the green pixel G
- a photoelectric conversion unit composed of a conversion unit (for example, a photoelectric conversion unit 7gb in the green pixel G), and a pre-stage spectroscopic element (spectroscopic elements 8, 8c, 8m, 8y, 8g), and the light passing through the front-stage spectroscopic element (spectroscopic element 8) disposed between the front-stage spectroscopic element (spectroscopic element 8) and the photoelectric conversion unit is taken as the reference wavelength (in the green pixel G, the central wavelength of the G light).
- a conversion unit for example, a photoelectric conversion unit 7gb in the green pixel G
- a pre-stage spectroscopic element spectroscopic elements 8, 8c, 8m, 8y, 8g
- the first wavelength band Post-stage spectroscopic elements that cause the first-type photoelectric conversion unit (for example, photoelectric conversion unit 7ga) to receive light and the second-type photoelectric conversion unit (for example, photoelectric conversion unit 7gb) to receive light in the second wavelength band.
- 12c, 12y, 12m are arranged two-dimensionally.
- the wavelength range of light received by each photoelectric conversion unit (for example, the photoelectric conversion units 7ga and 7gb in the green pixel G) can be narrowed. Therefore, color reproducibility can be improved.
- the image pickup device 1C and the image pickup device 1D each include a first-type photoelectric conversion unit (for example, a photoelectric conversion unit 7ga in the green pixel G) and a second-type photoelectric conversion unit.
- a plurality of conversion units for example, the photoelectric conversion units 7gb in the green pixel G
- the imaging devices 1C and 1D can have a pupil division function of dividing the pupil in the arrangement direction of the type 1 photoelectric conversion units. Therefore, the defocus amount can be calculated and used for focusing control.
- the present technology can also adopt the following configuration.
- An imaging device wherein, as the pixels, cyan pixels that receive cyan light, magenta pixels that receive magenta light, and yellow pixels that receive yellow light are provided.
- the spectroscopic element of the cyan pixel is a first spectroscopic element that disperses the red light toward the magenta pixel and the yellow pixel in the vicinity thereof; the spectroscopic element of the magenta pixel is a second spectroscopic element that disperses green light toward the surrounding cyan and yellow pixels;
- the cyan pixels include cyan color filters that transmit cyan light
- the magenta pixel includes a magenta color filter that transmits magenta light
- the imaging device according to any one of (1) to (2) above, wherein the yellow pixels include a yellow color filter that transmits yellow light.
- a green pixel that receives green light is provided as the pixel, The imaging device according to (2) above, wherein the pixel array includes pixel blocks each of which includes cyan pixels, magenta pixels, yellow pixels, and green pixels.
- the spectroscopy element of the green pixel is a fourth spectroscopy element that splits red light toward the surrounding magenta pixel and the yellow pixel, and splits blue light toward the surrounding cyan pixel and magenta pixel.
- the imaging device (4) The imaging device according to the above.
- the first light-splitting element, the second light-splitting element, the third light-splitting element, and the fourth light-splitting element perform the light splitting toward the photoelectric conversion unit in the same pixel block.
- the imaging device according to any one of the items.
- the first spectral element splits the red light so that only one of the magenta pixel and the yellow pixel in the same pixel block receives the red light;
- the second light-splitting element splits the green light so that only one of the cyan pixels, the yellow pixels, and the green pixels in the same pixel block receives the green light;
- the third light-splitting element splits the blue light so that only one of the cyan pixels and the magenta pixels in the same pixel block receives the blue light;
- the fourth light-splitting element splits the red light so that only one of the magenta pixels and the yellow pixels in the same pixel block receives the red light, and the cyan pixels in the same pixel block.
- the imaging device according to (7) above, wherein the blue light is dispersed so as to be received by only one of the magenta pixels.
- the green pixel includes a green color filter that transmits the green light.
- the pixel has a rectangular shape when viewed from the light incident side,
- the imaging device according to any one of (1) to (9) above, wherein the pixel array is formed by arranging the pixels at equal intervals in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
- the image pickup device according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein the pixels arranged outside the outermost periphery of the pixel array are arranged to be surrounded by six pixels.
- the imaging device according to any one of the above (1) to (14), further comprising an on-chip microlens on the light incident side of the spectroscopic device.
- a photoelectric conversion unit comprising a first-type photoelectric conversion unit and a second-type photoelectric conversion unit; a front-stage spectroscopic element that separates incident light in a predetermined wavelength range toward other pixels; the front-stage spectroscopic element and the photoelectric converter The light passing through the front-stage spectroscopic element disposed between the conversion units is split into light in a first wavelength band and light in a second wavelength band based on a reference wavelength, and the light in the first wavelength band is converted to the first-type photoelectric converter.
- the imaging device including a plurality of the first type photoelectric conversion units and the second type photoelectric conversion units.
- spectroscopic element 8c spectroscopic element (first spectroscopic element) 8m spectral element (second spectral element) 8y spectral element (third spectral element) 8g spectral element (fourth spectral element) 8, 8c, 8m, 8y, 8g spectroscopic element (previous spectroscopic element) 10, 10A, 10B, 10BX, 10BY Pixel blocks 12, 12c, 12y, 12m, 12g Color splitter (later spectroscopic element) Cy Cyan pixel Mg Magenta pixel Ye Yellow pixel G Green pixel CF Color filter CFc Color filter (cyan color filter) CFm color filter (magenta color filter)
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Color Television Image Signal Generators (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
撮像素子に関する技術として、例えば、下記非特許文献1においては、マイクロメタレンズを用いて高感度化を図る技術が開示されている。
本技術は、撮像画像の特性向上を図ることが可能な撮像素子の構成を提案することを目的とする。
シアン画素の光電変換部において受光されない光は赤色光と緑色光と青色光のうち、赤色光のみとされる。また、マゼンタ画素の光電変換部において受光されない光は緑色光のみとされ、イエロー画素の光電変換部において受光されない光は青色光のみとされる。それらの各波長帯の光は、他の種類の画素に向けて分光される。
<1.撮像素子の構成>
<2.分光素子の構成>
<3.第1の実施の形態のまとめ>
<4.第2の実施の形態>
<5.第3の実施の形態>
<6.第4の実施の形態>
<7.第5の実施の形態>
<8.変形例>
<9.まとめ>
<10.本技術>
第1の実施の形態に係る撮像素子1の構成を図1に示す。
撮像素子1は、画素2が二次元配列された画素アレイ3を備えて構成されている。
画素2は、x軸方向とy軸方向とに沿って配列されている。
なお、あくまでこの構成は一例である。
また、シアン画素Cyの斜め方向に位置する画素は緑画素Gとされる。
画素2は、半導体基板4の光入射面とは反対の面側(例えば第1面側)に形成された配線層5と、光入射面側(例えば第2面側)に形成された透明層6が層状に形成されて成る。
異なる層に配された配線5b同士は、図示しないスルーホールビア等を介して適宜電気的に接続される。
一つの分光素子8を形成する微細構造物9の個数はいくつであってもよい。以下の例においては、9個の微細構造物9が組み合わされて一つの分光素子8を形成する例について説明する。
上述したように分光素子8は複数種類の微細構造物9を有して構成されている。微細構造物9の配置例を図18に示す。
図6に示すように、シアン画素Cyに入射したR光は、シアン画素Cyのx軸方向及びy軸方向に隣接するマゼンタ画素Mgやイエロー画素Yeに入射される。
図10に示すように、マゼンタ画素Mgに入射したG光は、マゼンタ画素Mgのx軸方向、y軸方向及び斜めに隣接するシアン画素Cy、イエロー画素Ye及び緑画素Gに入射される。
図13に示すように、イエロー画素Yeに入射したB光は、イエロー画素Yeのx軸方向に隣接するシアン画素Cyと斜め方向に隣接するマゼンタ画素Mgに入射される。
図17に示すように、緑画素Gに入射したR光は、緑画素Gのx軸方向及びy軸方向に隣接するマゼンタ画素Mg及びイエロー画素Yeに入射される。
また、図17に示すように、緑画素Gに入射したB光は、緑画素Gのx軸方向に隣接するマゼンタ画素Mg及び斜め方向に隣接するシアン画素Cyに入射される。
即ち、緑画素Gに入射したB光は、斜め方向に隣接したシアン画素Cyだけでなく、x軸方向に隣接したマゼンタ画素Mgに対しても入射させる。
第2の実施の形態における撮像素子1Aは、x軸方向及びy軸方向それぞれに並ぶ二つの画素から成る四つの画素を一つの画素ブロック10として扱い、一つの画素ブロック10内に入射した光が他の画素ブロック10において受光されないように分光を行うものである。
画素ブロック10は、シアン画素Cyとマゼンタ画素Mgとイエロー画素Yeと緑画素Gをそれぞれ一つずつ含んで構成されている。
また、画素ブロック10は、シアン画素Cyとマゼンタ画素Mgがy軸方向に隣接すると共に、イエロー画素Yeと緑画素Gがy軸方向に隣接して構成される。
また、分光素子8が備える微細構造物9の配置を簡素化することができ、コスト削減を図ることが可能となる。更に、微細構造物9の素材や形状や太さなどの条件を緩和することができる点においても設計自由度の向上やコスト削減を図ることができる。
一例を図25に示す。
また、画素ブロック10Aは、シアン画素Cyとイエロー画素Yeがy軸方向に隣接すると共に、緑画素Gとマゼンタ画素Mgがy軸方向に隣接して構成される。
具体的には、シアン画素Cyに入射されたR光は、イエロー画素Yeとマゼンタ画素Mgのうち、x軸方向とy軸方向の何れかに隣接する画素2に向けて分光されればよい。そして、緑画素Gに入射されたR光についても同様である。
第3の実施の形態における撮像素子1Bは、光入射側から見たときの各画素2の形状が六角形状とされている。
また、それぞれの分光素子8は、R光、G光及びB光のうちの一つを対象として分光を行えばよいため、作製が容易になり、フィルタ特性を向上させることができる。
第4の実施の形態における撮像素子1Cは、微細構造物9を備えた分光素子8を用いてR光、G光及びB光を更に細かい波長帯ごとの光に分光するものである。
以降の説明においては、B光寄りのG光をGa光とし、R光寄りのG光をGb光とする。換言すれば、G光における短波長側の成分をGa光とし、G光における長波長側の成分をGb光とする。
図38に示す画素アレイ3Cは、四つの緑画素Gが集まった緑画素ブロック13Gと、四つの赤画素Rが集まった赤画素ブロック13Rと、四つの青画素Bが集まった青画素ブロック13Bとが、画素ブロック単位でベイヤー配列されている。
第5の実施の形態における撮像素子1Dは、第1の実施の形態または第2の実施の形態と第4の実施の形態を組み合わせたものである。即ち、第5の実施の形態における画素2においては、微細構造物9から成る分光素子8を備えることにより不要な波長帯の光を隣接する画素2へ分光すると共に、入射された特定の波長帯の光を分割するカラースプリッタ12を備えることにより色再現性の向上が図られている。
カラーフィルタCFyは、B光を透過させないフィルタとされている。
即ち、カラースプリッタ12によって画素2ごとに不要な波長帯の光が他の画素へと分光されるため、カラーフィルタCFを備えていなくても同様の効果を得ることができる。
上述した各例においては、透明層6の表面に端面が露出するように微細構造物9を形成することにより分光素子8を構成する例を挙げた。
これに限らず、微細構造物9の端面が透明層6の表面に露出させないように形成してもよい。具体的には、図40に示すように、微細構造物9が透明層6の内部に完全に埋没するように形成することにより分光素子8を構成してもよい。
ここでは、その変形例について図42及び図43に示す。
また、図43に示す例は、光入射側から見たときの各画素2の形状が長方形状とされている。
具体的には、三つのシアン画素Cyから成るシアン画素ブロック14cと、三つのマゼンタ画素Mgから成るマゼンタ画素ブロック14mと、三つのイエロー画素Yeから成るイエロー画素ブロック14yとが配置されている。
具体的には、シアン画素Cyは光電変換部7cの光入射側にシアン光のみを透過するカラーフィルタCFcを備え、マゼンタ画素Mgは光電変換部7mの光入射側にマゼンタ光のみを透過するカラーフィルタCFmを備え、イエロー画素Yeは光電変換部7yの光入射側にイエロー光のみを透過するカラーフィルタCFyを備えていてもよい。
また、緑画素Gが設けられている場合には、光電変換部7gの光入射側にG光のみを透過するカラーフィルタCFgを備えていてもよい。
これにより、各光電変換部7が不要な色の光を受光せずに済むため、色再現性の向上を図ることができる。
これにより、分光素子8gの構成を簡素化することができ、分光素子8gのフィルタ機能の特性向上やコスト削減を図ることができる。
上述した各例で説明したように、撮像素子1(1A、1B、1D)においては、光電変換部7(7c、7m、7y、7g、71、72、73、74)と、光電変換部7の光入射側に配置され所定の波長範囲の光を分光する分光素子8(8c、8m、8y、8g)と、を含む画素2が二次元配列された画素アレイ3(3B、3C)を有し、画素2として、シアン光を受光するシアン画素Cyと、マゼンタ光を受光するマゼンタ画素Mgと、イエロー光を受光するイエロー画素Yeとが設けられている。
これにより、シアン画素Cyの光電変換部7cにおいて受光されない光は赤色光(R光)と緑色光(G光)と青色光(B光)のうち、R光のみとされる。また、マゼンタ画素Mgの光電変換部7mにおいて受光されない光はG光のみとされ、イエロー画素Yeの光電変換部7yにおいて受光されない光はB光のみとされる。
そして、R光を受光する光電変換部7は、光電変換部7c、7m、7yのうちの2種類(光電変換部7m、7y)とされる。G光及びB光のそれぞれについても同様に2種類の光電変換素部において受光可能とされる。
従って、分光素子8において分光された光の伝搬方向を狭めすぎる必要性がなくなる。換言すれば、分光された光の伝搬方向を広くすることができる。従って、分光素子8の作製難易度を低下させることや、混色低減などの分光素子8の特性向上を図ることができる。
また、入射光における特定の波長成分をカットせずに有効利用することができるため、入射光の利用効率を高めることができる。
これにより、分光素子8(8c、8m、8y)における分光方向を限定し過ぎずに済む。
従って、分光素子8の作製難易度を低下させることや、分光素子8の特性を向上させることができる。
これにより、シアン画素Cyに対して漏れてきたR光をシアンカラーフィルタ(カラーフィルタCFcでカットすることができる。同様に、マゼンタ画素Mgに対して漏れてきたG光をカラーフィルタCFmでカットすることができると共に、イエロー画素Yeに対して漏れてきたB光をカラーフィルタCFyでカットすることができる。
従って、撮像素子の特性向上を図ることができる。また、分光素子8の目標精度を低くすることができ、分光素子8の作製難易度を低下させることができる。
これにより、x軸方向とy軸方向の何れかに隣接する画素2を分光素子8における分光の伝搬範囲に含めることができる。
従って、斜め方向に位置する画素2のみに受光させるように分光素子8の分光方向を限定せずに済み、分光された光を受光させたくない画素2に対して分光された光が漏れてしまうことを防止することができる。
即ち、R光を受光可能な画素2及びB光を受光可能な画素2はそれぞれ複数種類ある。従って、緑画素Gについても分光素子8gにおける分光方向を限定し過ぎずに済む。
これにより、分光素子8gの作製難易度を低下させることや、分光素子8gの特性を向上させることができる。
即ち、マゼンタ画素Mgの分光素子8mの分光方向に緑画素Gが含まれていてもよい。
従って、緑画素Gを含むことにより色再現性を向上させた構成においても、マゼンタ画素Mgの分光素子8mの分光方向(分光範囲)を広くすることができ、分光素子8mの作製難易度を下げることができる。
これにより、分光素子8は、画素ブロック10内の他の画素2に向けて分光を行えば済む。
特に、シアン画素Cyとマゼンタ画素Mgとイエロー画素Yeの分光素子8c、8m、8yにおいて分光された光は、x軸方向またはy軸方向に隣接する一つの画素2に入射させるように構成してもよいため、分光素子8の構造を簡素化することができる。
これにより、シアン画素Cyとマゼンタ画素Mgとイエロー画素Yeの分光素子8c、8m、8yにおいて分光された光の伝搬方向を1方向に限定することができ、且つ、画素2の配列方向(x軸方向またはy軸方向)と一致させることができるため、分光素子8の構造を簡素化することができる。
また、緑画素Gの分光素子8gにおいても、R光の分光方向とB光の分光方向をそれぞれ1方向に限定することができ、且つ、画素2の配列方向(x軸方向またはy軸方向)と一致させることができる。
これにより、緑画素Gに対して漏れてきたR光やB光をグリーンカラーフィルタ(カラーフィルタCFgでカットすることができる。
従って、撮像素子の特性向上を図ることができる。また、分光素子8gの目標精度を低くすることができ、分光素子8の作製難易度を低下させることができる。
これにより一般的な画素配列を採用した構成において上述した効果を得ることができる。
これにより、ハニカム構造を採用した構成や矩形状の画素2をハニカム構造と同様に配列した構成において上述した効果を得ることができる。
これにより、シアン画素Cyにおいて受光したくないR光は周囲の何れの画素で受光しても構わない。即ち、シアン画素Cyの分光素子8cは、入射光から分光したR光が同心円状に周囲の画素2に向かって伝搬するように構成されればよい。即ち、xy平面において伝搬方向を限定する必要がなく、分光素子8cの直下に位置する光電変換部7cからの距離が所定の範囲に位置する隣接画素2の光電変換部7に入射すればよい。マゼンタ画素Mgやイエロー画素Yeにおいても同様である。
従って、分光素子8の設計精度を向上させることができ、分光素子8の特性を向上させることができる。
ハニカム構造を採用した構成において上述した効果を得ることができる。また、ハニカム構造を採用することにより、入射光の利用効率を高めることができ、諧調方向の解像度を高めることができる。
これにより、微細構造物9を用いて入射光における特定の波長帯の光を他の画素2に向けて分光することが可能となる。
これにより、分光素子8に効率よく入射光を集めることができるため、諧調方向の解像度を高めることができる。また、分光素子8に過剰な集光機能を持たせる必要がなくなるため、分光素子8の設計精度を向上させることができる。
後段分光素子(カラースプリッタ12)が設けられることにより、それぞれの光電変換部(例えば緑画素Gにおける光電変換部7ga、7gb)において受光する光の波長範囲を狭くすることができる。
従って、色再現性を向上させることができる。
これにより、第1種光電変換部の配列方向に瞳を分割する瞳分割機能を撮像素子1C、1Dに持たせることができる。従って、デフォーカス量を算出することができ、合焦制御に用いることができる。
本技術は以下のような構成も採ることができる。
(1)
光電変換部と、前記光電変換部の光入射側に配置され所定の波長範囲の光を分光する分光素子と、を含む画素が二次元配列された画素アレイを有し、
前記画素として、シアン光を受光するシアン画素と、マゼンタ光を受光するマゼンタ画素と、イエロー光を受光するイエロー画素とが設けられた
撮像素子。
(2)
前記シアン画素の前記分光素子は、赤色光を周辺の前記マゼンタ画素と前記イエロー画素に向けて分光する第1分光素子とされ、
前記マゼンタ画素の前記分光素子は、緑色光を周辺の前記シアン画素と前記イエロー画素に向けて分光する第2分光素子とされ、
前記イエロー画素の前記分光素子は、青色光を周辺の前記シアン画素と前記マゼンタ画素に向けて分光する第3分光素子とされた
上記(1)に記載の撮像素子。
(3)
前記シアン画素はシアン光を透過するシアンカラーフィルタを備え、
前記マゼンタ画素はマゼンタ光を透過するマゼンタカラーフィルタを備え、
前記イエロー画素はイエロー光を透過するイエローカラーフィルタを備えた
上記(1)から上記(2)の何れかに記載の撮像素子。
(4)
前記画素として緑色光を受光する緑画素が設けられ、
前記画素アレイは、シアン画素と前記マゼンタ画素と前記イエロー画素と前記緑画素とを含む縦横2画素から成る画素ブロックが縦横に連続して配置された
上記(2)に記載の撮像素子。
(5)
前記緑画素の前記分光素子は、赤色光を周辺の前記マゼンタ画素と前記イエロー画素に向けて分光し、青色光を周辺のシアン画素とマゼンタ画素に向けて分光する第4分光素子とされた
上記(4)に記載の撮像素子。
(6)
前記第2分光素子は、緑色光を周辺の前記シアン画素と前記イエロー画素と前記緑画素に向けて分光する
上記(5)に記載の撮像素子。
(7)
前記第1分光素子と前記第2分光素子と前記第3分光素子と前記第4分光素子は、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記光電変換部に向けて前記分光を行う
上記(5)から上記(6)の何れかに記載の撮像素子。
(8)
前記第1分光素子は、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記マゼンタ画素と前記イエロー画素の何れか一方のみに受光されるように赤色光を分光し、
前記第2分光素子は、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記シアン画素と前記イエロー画素と前記緑画素の何れか一つのみに受光されるように緑色光を分光し、
前記第3分光素子は、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記シアン画素と前記マゼンタ画素の何れか一方のみに受光されるように青色光を分光し、
前記第4分光素子は、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記マゼンタ画素と前記イエロー画素の何れか一方のみに受光されるように赤色光を分光すると共に、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記シアン画素と前記マゼンタ画素の何れか一方のみに受光されるように青色光を分光する
上記(7)に記載の撮像素子。
(9)
前記緑画素は前記緑色光を透過するグリーンカラーフィルタを備えた
上記(4)から上記(8)の何れかに記載の撮像素子。
(10)
前記画素は光入射側から見た形状が矩形状とされ、
前記画素アレイは、第1方向と前記第1方向に直交する第2方向とに前記画素が等間隔で配置されて成る
上記(1)から上記(9)の何れかに記載の撮像素子。
(11)
前記画素アレイの最外周部以外に配置される前記画素は六つの前記画素に囲まれて配置された
上記(1)から上記(3)の何れかに記載の撮像素子。
(12)
前記シアン画素の六つの隣接画素は前記イエロー画素と前記マゼンタ画素の何れかとされ、
前記イエロー画素の六つの隣接画素は前記シアン画素と前記マゼンタ画素の何れかとされ、
前記マゼンタ画素の六つの隣接画素は前記シアン画素と前記イエロー画素の何れかとされた
上記(11)に記載の撮像素子。
(13)
前記画素は光入射側から見た形状が六角形状とされた
上記(11)から上記(12)の何れかに記載の撮像素子。
(14)
前記分光素子は、屈折率の異なる複数種類の微細構造物を有する
上記(1)から上記(13)の何れかに記載の撮像素子。
(15)
前記分光素子の光入射側にオンチップマイクロレンズを備えた
上記(1)から上記(14)の何れかに記載の撮像素子。
(16)
第1種光電変換部及び第2種光電変換部から成る光電変換部と、入射光について所定の波長範囲の光を他の画素に向けて分光する前段分光素子と、前記前段分光素子と前記光電変換部の間に配置され前記前段分光素子を通過した光を基準波長に基づいて第1波長帯の光と第2波長帯の光に分光し前記第1波長帯の光を前記第1種光電変換部に受光させ前記第2波長帯の光を前記第2種光電変換部に受光させる後段分光素子と、を含む画素が二次元配列された画素アレイを備えた
撮像素子。
(17)
前記第1種光電変換部及び前記第2種光電変換部をそれぞれ複数有する
上記(16)に記載の撮像素子。
2 画素
3、3B、3C 画素アレイ
7、7c、7m、7y、7g 光電変換部
71、72、73、74 光電変換部
7ga、7gb、7ra、7rb、7ba、7bb 光電変換部
8 分光素子
8c 分光素子(第1分光素子)
8m 分光素子(第2分光素子)
8y 分光素子(第3分光素子)
8g 分光素子(第4分光素子)
8、8c、8m、8y、8g 分光素子(前段分光素子)
10、10A、10B、10BX、10BY 画素ブロック
12、12c、12y、12m、12g カラースプリッタ(後段分光素子)
Cy シアン画素
Mg マゼンタ画素
Ye イエロー画素
G 緑画素
CF カラーフィルタ
CFc カラーフィルタ(シアンカラーフィルタ)
CFm カラーフィルタ(マゼンタカラーフィルタ)
CFy カラーフィルタ(イエローカラーフィルタ)
CFg カラーフィルタ(グリーンカラーフィルタ)
R光 (赤色光)
G光 (緑色光)
B光 (青色光)
Claims (17)
- 光電変換部と、前記光電変換部の光入射側に配置され所定の波長範囲の光を分光する分光素子と、を含む画素が二次元配列された画素アレイを有し、
前記画素として、シアン光を受光するシアン画素と、マゼンタ光を受光するマゼンタ画素と、イエロー光を受光するイエロー画素とが設けられた
撮像素子。 - 前記シアン画素の前記分光素子は、赤色光を周辺の前記マゼンタ画素と前記イエロー画素に向けて分光する第1分光素子とされ、
前記マゼンタ画素の前記分光素子は、緑色光を周辺の前記シアン画素と前記イエロー画素に向けて分光する第2分光素子とされ、
前記イエロー画素の前記分光素子は、青色光を周辺の前記シアン画素と前記マゼンタ画素に向けて分光する第3分光素子とされた
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記シアン画素はシアン光を透過するシアンカラーフィルタを備え、
前記マゼンタ画素はマゼンタ光を透過するマゼンタカラーフィルタを備え、
前記イエロー画素はイエロー光を透過するイエローカラーフィルタを備えた
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記画素として緑色光を受光する緑画素が設けられ、
前記画素アレイは、シアン画素と前記マゼンタ画素と前記イエロー画素と前記緑画素とを含む縦横2画素から成る画素ブロックが縦横に連続して配置された
請求項2に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記緑画素の前記分光素子は、赤色光を周辺の前記マゼンタ画素と前記イエロー画素に向けて分光し、青色光を周辺のシアン画素とマゼンタ画素に向けて分光する第4分光素子とされた
請求項4に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第2分光素子は、緑色光を周辺の前記シアン画素と前記イエロー画素と前記緑画素に向けて分光する
請求項5に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1分光素子と前記第2分光素子と前記第3分光素子と前記第4分光素子は、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記光電変換部に向けて前記分光を行う
請求項5に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1分光素子は、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記マゼンタ画素と前記イエロー画素の何れか一方のみに受光されるように赤色光を分光し、
前記第2分光素子は、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記シアン画素と前記イエロー画素と前記緑画素の何れか一つのみに受光されるように緑色光を分光し、
前記第3分光素子は、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記シアン画素と前記マゼンタ画素の何れか一方のみに受光されるように青色光を分光し、
前記第4分光素子は、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記マゼンタ画素と前記イエロー画素の何れか一方のみに受光されるように赤色光を分光すると共に、同一の前記画素ブロック内の前記シアン画素と前記マゼンタ画素の何れか一方のみに受光されるように青色光を分光する
請求項7に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記緑画素は前記緑色光を透過するグリーンカラーフィルタを備えた
請求項4に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記画素は光入射側から見た形状が矩形状とされ、
前記画素アレイは、第1方向と前記第1方向に直交する第2方向とに前記画素が等間隔で配置されて成る
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記画素アレイの最外周部以外に配置される前記画素は六つの前記画素に囲まれて配置された
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記シアン画素の六つの隣接画素は前記イエロー画素と前記マゼンタ画素の何れかとされ、
前記イエロー画素の六つの隣接画素は前記シアン画素と前記マゼンタ画素の何れかとされ、
前記マゼンタ画素の六つの隣接画素は前記シアン画素と前記イエロー画素の何れかとされた
請求項11に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記画素は光入射側から見た形状が六角形状とされた
請求項11に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記分光素子は、屈折率の異なる複数種類の微細構造物を有する
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記分光素子の光入射側にオンチップマイクロレンズを備えた
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 第1種光電変換部及び第2種光電変換部から成る光電変換部と、入射光について所定の波長範囲の光を他の画素に向けて分光する前段分光素子と、前記前段分光素子と前記光電変換部の間に配置され前記前段分光素子を通過した光を基準波長に基づいて第1波長帯の光と第2波長帯の光に分光し前記第1波長帯の光を前記第1種光電変換部に受光させ前記第2波長帯の光を前記第2種光電変換部に受光させる後段分光素子と、を含む画素が二次元配列された画素アレイを備えた
撮像素子。 - 前記第1種光電変換部及び前記第2種光電変換部をそれぞれ複数有する
請求項16に記載の撮像素子。
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/292,505 US20240258349A1 (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-18 | Imaging element |
| CN202180099703.2A CN117546293A (zh) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-18 | 成像元件 |
| DE112021008085.7T DE112021008085T5 (de) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-18 | Bildgebungselement |
| KR1020247002588A KR20240037973A (ko) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-18 | 촬상 소자 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US202163230369P | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-06 | |
| US63/230,369 | 2021-08-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023013085A1 true WO2023013085A1 (ja) | 2023-02-09 |
Family
ID=85155520
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2021/030243 Ceased WO2023013085A1 (ja) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-18 | 撮像素子 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240258349A1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20240037973A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN117546293A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112021008085T5 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2023013085A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115265401B (zh) * | 2021-04-29 | 2026-03-13 | 华为技术有限公司 | 摄像头模组及电子设备 |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001077344A (ja) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-23 | Fuji Film Microdevices Co Ltd | 固体撮像装置 |
| WO2009019818A1 (ja) * | 2007-08-06 | 2009-02-12 | Panasonic Corporation | 撮像用光検出装置 |
| WO2010016195A1 (ja) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-02-11 | パナソニック株式会社 | 撮像用光検出装置 |
| JP2011159967A (ja) * | 2010-01-06 | 2011-08-18 | Panasonic Corp | 固体撮像装置、撮像装置、及び分光素子 |
| JP2012015424A (ja) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-01-19 | Panasonic Corp | 固体撮像装置 |
| JP2012049620A (ja) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-08 | Panasonic Corp | 固体撮像素子および撮像装置 |
| WO2013061489A1 (ja) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-05-02 | パナソニック株式会社 | カラー撮像装置 |
| JP2013132035A (ja) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-07-04 | Fujifilm Corp | 放射線画像検出器、放射線画像撮像装置、及び放射線画像撮像システム |
| JP5325117B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-18 | 2013-10-23 | パナソニック株式会社 | 固体撮像装置 |
| WO2014034149A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-03 | 2014-03-06 | パナソニック株式会社 | 固体撮像素子および撮像装置 |
| WO2014061173A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-04-24 | パナソニック株式会社 | 固体撮像素子 |
| JP2020123964A (ja) * | 2018-04-17 | 2020-08-13 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | カラー撮像素子および撮像装置 |
-
2021
- 2021-08-18 WO PCT/JP2021/030243 patent/WO2023013085A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2021-08-18 CN CN202180099703.2A patent/CN117546293A/zh active Pending
- 2021-08-18 DE DE112021008085.7T patent/DE112021008085T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-08-18 US US18/292,505 patent/US20240258349A1/en active Pending
- 2021-08-18 KR KR1020247002588A patent/KR20240037973A/ko active Pending
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001077344A (ja) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-23 | Fuji Film Microdevices Co Ltd | 固体撮像装置 |
| WO2009019818A1 (ja) * | 2007-08-06 | 2009-02-12 | Panasonic Corporation | 撮像用光検出装置 |
| JP5325117B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-18 | 2013-10-23 | パナソニック株式会社 | 固体撮像装置 |
| WO2010016195A1 (ja) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-02-11 | パナソニック株式会社 | 撮像用光検出装置 |
| JP2011159967A (ja) * | 2010-01-06 | 2011-08-18 | Panasonic Corp | 固体撮像装置、撮像装置、及び分光素子 |
| JP2012015424A (ja) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-01-19 | Panasonic Corp | 固体撮像装置 |
| JP2012049620A (ja) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-08 | Panasonic Corp | 固体撮像素子および撮像装置 |
| WO2013061489A1 (ja) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-05-02 | パナソニック株式会社 | カラー撮像装置 |
| JP2013132035A (ja) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-07-04 | Fujifilm Corp | 放射線画像検出器、放射線画像撮像装置、及び放射線画像撮像システム |
| WO2014034149A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-03 | 2014-03-06 | パナソニック株式会社 | 固体撮像素子および撮像装置 |
| WO2014061173A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-04-24 | パナソニック株式会社 | 固体撮像素子 |
| JP2020123964A (ja) * | 2018-04-17 | 2020-08-13 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | カラー撮像素子および撮像装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112021008085T5 (de) | 2024-05-29 |
| KR20240037973A (ko) | 2024-03-22 |
| US20240258349A1 (en) | 2024-08-01 |
| CN117546293A (zh) | 2024-02-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US12294013B2 (en) | Image-capture element and image capture device | |
| US8076745B2 (en) | Imaging photodetection device | |
| KR102519178B1 (ko) | 색분리 소자를 포함하는 이미지 센서 및 이를 포함하는 촬상 장치 | |
| JP5296077B2 (ja) | 撮像装置 | |
| JP6094832B2 (ja) | 固体撮像素子および撮像装置 | |
| US6008511A (en) | Solid-state image sensor decreased in shading amount | |
| KR102614792B1 (ko) | 반도체 장치 및 전자 기기 | |
| WO2010070869A1 (ja) | 撮像装置 | |
| US20110317048A1 (en) | Image sensor with dual layer photodiode structure | |
| CN111199989B (zh) | 像素阵列布局 | |
| JP2012049620A (ja) | 固体撮像素子および撮像装置 | |
| WO2009153937A1 (ja) | 固体撮像装置 | |
| JP2013510424A (ja) | イメージセンサーのための最適化された光導波路アレイ | |
| US10276612B2 (en) | Photoelectric conversion apparatus and image pickup system | |
| KR20170007736A (ko) | 이종 화소 구조를 갖는 이미지 센서 | |
| US8350349B2 (en) | Solid-state imaging device, method of manufacturing thereof, and electronic apparatus | |
| JP2006165362A (ja) | 固体撮像素子 | |
| WO2013094178A1 (ja) | 撮像装置 | |
| US12211872B2 (en) | Image capturing element and image capturing apparatus having spectroscopic element array | |
| WO2023013085A1 (ja) | 撮像素子 | |
| US20070273777A1 (en) | Solid-state imaging device | |
| US9847360B2 (en) | Two-side illuminated image sensor | |
| US20240153974A1 (en) | Image sensor | |
| KR20250117993A (ko) | 픽셀 어레이, 이미지 센서 및 이를 포함하는 전자기기 | |
| KR20100074367A (ko) | 이미지센서의 컬러필터 어레이 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 21952908 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202180099703.2 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20247002588 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 18292505 Country of ref document: US |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 21952908 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP |
|
| WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1020247002588 Country of ref document: KR |