WO2023011390A1 - 电磁阀 - Google Patents

电磁阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023011390A1
WO2023011390A1 PCT/CN2022/109349 CN2022109349W WO2023011390A1 WO 2023011390 A1 WO2023011390 A1 WO 2023011390A1 CN 2022109349 W CN2022109349 W CN 2022109349W WO 2023011390 A1 WO2023011390 A1 WO 2023011390A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
moving iron
iron assembly
solenoid valve
assembly
pressing block
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/109349
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕瑞
于英林
朱延鑫
Original Assignee
艾默生环境优化技术(苏州)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202121822633.2U external-priority patent/CN215487932U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110897223.2A external-priority patent/CN115929973A/zh
Application filed by 艾默生环境优化技术(苏州)有限公司 filed Critical 艾默生环境优化技术(苏州)有限公司
Publication of WO2023011390A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023011390A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/10—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid with additional mechanism between armature and closure member

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to the field of solenoid valves.
  • Solenoid valve is an important component in the refrigeration system, mainly used to control the on-off or reversing of the refrigerant fluid.
  • Existing solenoid valves generally include a shell tube, a static iron assembly, a moving iron assembly, an electromagnetic coil, a valve needle, a valve seat, and the like. Its main working principle is to control the attraction and disconnection between the static iron component and the moving iron component through the on-off of the electromagnetic coil, so as to drive the valve needle to move, so as to realize the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve.
  • the electromagnetic valve After the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, the electromagnetic valve needs to realize the fast closing and sealing of the valve needle through the return spring arranged between the static iron assembly and the moving iron assembly.
  • the return spring is usually accommodated in the central hole of the moving iron body of the moving iron assembly. Since the central hole is processed on the main body of the moving iron, the attraction area between the main body of the moving iron and the static iron assembly is reduced, resulting in an increase in the magnetic flux density and an increase in the temperature rise of the solenoid valve, which reduces the application range and reliability of the solenoid valve .
  • the solenoid valve capable of reducing the temperature rise of the solenoid valve.
  • the solenoid valve has an improved moving iron structure, and a pressure block is arranged in the center hole of the moving iron body for accommodating the spring.
  • the top surface of the briquetting piece and the top surface of the moving iron body together form a mating surface capable of engaging with the static iron assembly, thereby increasing the engaging area, thereby reducing the magnetic flux density and reducing the electromagnetic valve temperature rise.
  • Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a solenoid valve capable of preventing the deformation of the return spring.
  • a pressing block is arranged in the central hole of the moving iron assembly of the solenoid valve for accommodating the spring, and the spring is arranged around the pressing block. The spring is guided and restricted by the pressure block during contraction or extension, so that the spring is not easy to deviate from the axial movement and prevents the spring from being deformed and worn.
  • the present disclosure provides a solenoid valve.
  • the solenoid valve includes a shell tube, a static iron assembly fixed to the shell tube, a moving iron assembly adapted to be attracted to the static iron assembly accommodated in the shell tube, and a moving iron assembly located between the moving iron assembly and the static iron assembly.
  • the elastic member between the iron components is suitable for pushing the moving iron component along the direction away from the static iron component in the axial direction of the shell tube, wherein the moving iron component includes a moving iron body, and the moving iron body has a The central hole extending in the axial direction, the elastic member is at least partially accommodated in the central hole, the moving iron assembly also includes a pressing piece arranged in the central hole, the top surface of the pressing piece close to the static iron assembly and the moving iron body The top surfaces close to the static iron component together form a mating surface capable of attracting the static iron component.
  • the elastic piece is arranged to surround the pressing piece, one end of the elastic piece abuts against the pressing piece, and the other end of the elastic piece abuts against the static iron assembly.
  • the top surface of the pressing block is flush with the top surface of the moving iron body.
  • the pressing block is made of the same material as that of the moving iron body.
  • the pressing block is made of soft magnetic material.
  • the pressing block is interference-fit or integrally formed with the moving iron body.
  • the pressing block is configured as a rotary structure.
  • the pressing piece includes a columnar portion and a base portion forming a stepped portion between each other, the elastic member is arranged around the columnar portion, and one end of the elastic member abuts against the stepped portion.
  • the elastic member is configured as a helical spring, and half of the difference between the diameter of the central hole and the diameter of the cylindrical portion is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the coil of the helical spring.
  • the elastic member is configured as a helical spring, and the diameter of the coil of the helical spring is less than or equal to 0.5mm.
  • the solenoid valve according to the present disclosure brings at least one of the following beneficial effects: Since the spring and the pressing block are arranged in the central hole of the moving iron assembly, the pressing block and the moving iron assembly jointly form an attraction to the static iron assembly
  • the matching surface effectively increases the attraction area between the moving iron and the static iron, reduces the magnetic field density and thus reduces the temperature rise of the solenoid valve, so that the solenoid valve can withstand higher ambient temperatures;
  • the spring surrounds the pressing block Arrangement, so that the pressing block can guide the axial movement of the spring, prevent the deformation and wear of the spring, and ensure the reliability of the solenoid valve;
  • the pressing block is arranged inside the spring, making full use of the space inside the spring, making the structure more compact;
  • the block can be configured as a simple rotary structure, which makes the solenoid valve easy to process and manufacture with low cost.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a solenoid valve according to the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 shows a partial longitudinal sectional view of a solenoid valve according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial longitudinal sectional view of a solenoid valve in a comparative example.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 A preferred embodiment of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .
  • corresponding components or parts are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the disclosure and its application or uses.
  • FIG. 1 shows a solenoid valve 100 according to the present disclosure.
  • the solenoid valve 100 includes a valve component for controlling on-off or direction of fluid and a drive holding mechanism for controlling the movement of a valve needle in the valve component.
  • valve components may include a valve body assembly 40 , a piston assembly 60 and a valve needle 80 .
  • the valve body assembly 40 is provided with an inlet connected to the inlet pipe and an outlet connected to the outlet pipe, the piston assembly 60 is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the valve body assembly 40, and the end of the valve needle 80 can cooperate with the piston assembly 60 to The piston assembly 60 is opened and closed, thereby controlling the on-off of the fluid flowing through the solenoid valve 100 .
  • the driving and holding mechanism may include a shell tube 30 , a static iron assembly 10 , a moving iron assembly 20 , an elastic member (coil spring 22 as shown in FIG. 2 ), an electromagnetic coil 50 and the like.
  • the static iron assembly 10 and the moving iron assembly 20 are coaxially arranged, and the static iron assembly 10 is located above the moving iron assembly 20 .
  • the static iron assembly 10 is fixed to the shell tube 30, while the moving iron assembly 20 is arranged in the inner cavity of the substantially cylindrical shell tube 30 and forms a clearance fit with the inner peripheral surface of the shell tube 30, so that it can be mounted on the shell tube 30
  • the interior slides relative to the static iron assembly 10.
  • a coil spring 22 see FIG.
  • An electromagnetic coil 50 is arranged on the outside of the shell tube 30 .
  • the valve needle 80 is arranged at the lower end of the moving iron assembly 20 opposite to the static iron assembly 10 and fixedly connected with the moving iron assembly 20 through the spring pin 23 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • valve needle 80 is driven away from the piston assembly 60 , thereby opening the solenoid valve 100 .
  • the valve needle 80 is fixedly connected with the moving iron assembly 20 through the spring pin 23 , the valve needle 80 and the moving iron assembly 20 may also be integrally formed.
  • Fig. 2 shows the driving and holding mechanism of the solenoid valve 100 according to the present disclosure (the driving and holding mechanism in Fig. 1, especially the moving iron assembly is only schematically shown, and the moving iron assembly shown in Fig. The real structure of the moving iron assembly of the disclosed solenoid valve 100).
  • the moving iron assembly 20 includes a moving iron main body 25 and a pressing block 21 .
  • a center hole 24 extending axially from the top surface 201 of the moving iron body 25 close to the static iron assembly 10 toward a direction away from the static iron assembly 10 (downward) is formed in the center of the moving iron body 25 .
  • the central hole 24 accommodates at least a part of the coil spring 22 and the pressure block member 21 therein.
  • the pressing block 21 includes a columnar portion 213 and a base portion 215 connected below the columnar portion 213 .
  • the columnar portion 213 and the base portion 215 may be formed separately or integrally.
  • the top surface 211 of the columnar portion 213 and the top surface 201 of the moving iron body 25 can be attracted to the bottom surface of the static iron assembly 10 , so as to obtain a larger mating area of the moving iron and the static iron, and reduce the magnetic force line density.
  • the top surface 211 of the columnar portion 213 can be flush with the top surface 201 of the moving iron body 25 to obtain a better suction effect, and the structure is simple and easy to process and assemble.
  • the radial dimension of the columnar portion 213 is smaller than the radial dimension of the base portion 215 , so that a stepped portion is formed at the connection between the columnar portion 213 and the base portion 215 .
  • the radial dimension of the cylindrical portion 213 is also smaller than the inner dimension of the central hole 24 , thereby forming a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 213 and the inner wall of the central hole 24 .
  • the coil spring 22 is arranged around the columnar portion 213 (that is, the columnar portion 213 is disposed in the inner cavity of the coil spring 22 ) in the gap, its lower end abuts against the step, and its upper end abuts against the static iron assembly 10.
  • the pressing block 21 can be assembled to the moving iron main body 25 through the interference fit between the base portion 215 and the moving iron main body 25 , and can also be integrally formed with the moving iron main body 25 .
  • the pressing block 21 is made of the same material as the moving iron body 25 , such as soft magnetic material.
  • the static iron assembly 10 made of soft magnetic material, the moving iron body 25 and the briquetting piece 21 are all magnetized, and the moving iron body 25 and the briquetting piece 21 are attracted by the static iron assembly 10 together.
  • the top surface 201 of the moving iron main body 25 close to the static iron assembly 10 and the top surface 211 of the pressing block 21 close to the static iron assembly 10 (the top surface of the columnar portion 213) together form a mating surface.
  • the solenoid valve 3 is not provided with a pressing piece 21 , but only accommodates a coil spring 22 .
  • the internal cavity of the coil spring 22 is wasted, and there is no mating surface capable of engaging with the static iron assembly 10 in the area of the entire central hole 24, and the static iron assembly 10 is only formed by the top surface 201 of the moving iron body 25. adsorption on the surface.
  • the area of the mating surface is obviously smaller than the mating surface composed of the top surface 201 of the moving iron body 25 and the top surface 211 of the pressure block 21 in the solenoid valve 100 according to the present disclosure. area.
  • the magnetic force line density (as shown by the dotted arrow in Figure 2) is related to the mating area between the moving iron assembly and the static iron assembly, because the area of the mating surface in the electromagnetic valve 100 according to the present disclosure Larger, so the magnetic line density is smaller, and the heat generated by the moving iron assembly and the static iron assembly caused by hysteresis loss and eddy current loss is also smaller, so that the solenoid valve can work at a higher ambient temperature, avoiding the need Coil materials with higher temperature ratings are used to meet harsh working conditions, further reducing production costs.
  • the pressing block 21 is preferably a structure of revolution, for example including a cylindrical column part 213 and a base part 215 .
  • the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the columnar portion 213 of the pressure block 21 and the inner peripheral surface of the central hole 24 is set to accommodate
  • the coil spring 22 is as small as possible.
  • one-half of the difference between the radial dimension (for example, diameter D2) of the central hole 24 and the radial dimension (for example, diameter D3) of the cylindrical portion 213 is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the coil of the coil spring 22, so that the fit Surface area is maximized.
  • the maximum area of the mating surface is theoretically equal to the cross-sectional area of the moving iron main body 25 (i.e. ⁇ D1 2 /4, D1 is the diameter of the moving iron main body 25) minus the cross-sectional area of the central hole 24 (i.e. ⁇ D2 2 /4, D2 is the diameter of the central hole 24) plus the cross-sectional area of the columnar portion 213 (i.e. ⁇ D3 2 /4, D3 is the diameter of the central hole 24).
  • the diameter of the coil of the helical spring 22 is less than or equal to 0.5 mm, so that the area lost by the mating surface of the moving iron and the static iron due to the helical spring 22 is minimized.
  • the columnar portion 213 can compress the coil spring 22 during the process of elongation and shortening of the coil spring 22. 22 plays a guiding and stabilizing role. Therefore, when the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 213 of the pressing piece 21 and the inner peripheral surface of the center hole 24 is small, not only can the area of the mating surface be larger, but also because the coil spring 22 is limited in the gap. , The helical spring 22 can only be extended or contracted along the axial direction, so as to prevent the deformation and wear of the spring due to the axial movement of the offset, further improve the service life of the spring, and ensure the stable operation of the solenoid valve.
  • the moving iron main body 25, the central hole 24, the columnar portion 213, etc. are all configured as cylinders, those skilled in the art can understand that they can also be configured as square columns, etc. .
  • the top surface 211 of the columnar portion 213 is configured to be flush with the top surface 201 of the moving iron body 25, those skilled in the art can understand that the top surface 211 of the columnar portion 213 It can also be not flush with the top surface 201 of the moving iron main body 25, as long as the top surface 211 of the columnar part 213 and the top surface 201 of the moving iron main body 25 can be attracted to the bottom surface of the static iron assembly 10 to form a mating surface. .
  • the top surface 211 of the columnar portion 213 may be lower than the top surface 201 of the moving iron body 25, and correspondingly, a protruding portion is formed on the bottom surface of the static iron assembly 10 at a position corresponding to the column mounting portion 213, thereby , when the static iron assembly 10 is attracted to the moving iron assembly 20, the protruding portion on the bottom surface of the static iron assembly 10 engages with the top surface 211 of the columnar portion 213, and the area other than the protruding portion on the bottom surface of the static iron assembly 10 Engaged with the top surface 201 of the moving iron body 25 .
  • the elastic member is not limited to the coil spring 22 , and can also be other components that can provide biasing force similar to the coil spring 22 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一种电磁阀，电磁阀包括壳管(30)、固定至壳管(30)的静铁组件(10)、容纳在壳管(30)内的适于与静铁组件(10)相互吸合的动铁组件(20)、以及位于动铁组件(20)与静铁组件(10)之间的弹性件，弹性件适于在壳管(30)的轴向方向上将动铁组件(20)沿着离开静铁组件(10)的方向推压，其中，动铁组件(20)包括动铁本体(25)，动铁本体(25)具有沿着轴向方向延伸的中心孔(24)，弹性件至少部分地容纳在中心孔(24)内，动铁组件(20)还包括设置在中心孔(24)内的压块件(21)，压块件(21)的靠近静铁组件(10)的顶表面(201)与动铁本体(25)的靠近静铁组件(10)的顶表面(201)共同组成能够与静铁组件(10)吸合的配合表面，该电磁阀不仅温升小，而且稳定性高、成本低廉。

Description

电磁阀
本申请要求以下中国专利申请的优先权：于2021年8月5日提交中国专利局的申请号为202110897223.2、发明创造名称为“电磁阀”的中国专利申请；于2021年8月5日提交中国专利局的申请号为202121822633.2、发明创造名称为“电磁阀”的中国专利申请。这些专利申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及电磁阀领域。
背景技术
本部分提供了与本公开相关的背景信息，这些信息并不必然构成现有技术。
电磁阀是制冷系统中的重要零部件，主要用于控制制冷剂流体的通断或换向等。现有的电磁阀一般包括壳管、静铁组件、动铁组件、电磁线圈、阀针和阀座等。其主要工作原理是通过电磁线圈的通断来控制静铁组件、动铁组件之间的吸合与断开，从而带动阀针运动，以实现电磁阀的开闭。
在电磁线圈断电之后，电磁阀需要通过设置在静铁组件和动铁组件之间的复位弹簧实现阀针的快速关闭和密封。复位弹簧通常容纳在动铁组件的动铁主体的中心孔中。由于动铁主体上加工出中心孔，降低了动铁主体与静铁组件之间的吸合面积，从而导致磁通密度增大、电磁阀温升增加，降低了电磁阀的应用范围和可靠性。
因此，需要一种能够减小电磁阀温升的电磁阀。
发明内容
在本部分中提供本公开的总体概要，而不是本公开完全范围或本公开所有特征的全面公开。
本公开的目的之一是提供一种能够减小电磁阀温升的电磁阀，该电磁阀具有改进的动铁结构，其动铁主体的用于容纳弹簧的中心孔内设置有压块件，该 压块件的顶表面和动铁主体的顶表面共同组成了能够与静铁组件吸合的配合表面，由此增大了吸合面积，从而降低了磁通密度并且减小了电磁阀的温升。
本公开的另一目的是提供一种能够防止复位弹簧变形的电磁阀，该电磁阀的动铁组件的用于容纳弹簧的中心孔内设置有压块件，弹簧围绕压块件布置，从而在弹簧收缩或伸长的过程中受到压块件的引导和限制，使得弹簧不易偏离轴向运动，防止弹簧变形和磨损。
本公开提供了一种电磁阀，电磁阀包括壳管、固定至壳管的静铁组件、容纳在壳管内的适于与静铁组件相互吸合的动铁组件、以及位于动铁组件与静铁组件之间的弹性件，弹性件适于在壳管的轴向方向上将动铁组件沿着离开静铁组件的方向推压，其中，动铁组件包括动铁本体，动铁本体具有沿着轴向方向延伸的中心孔，弹性件至少部分地容纳在中心孔内，动铁组件还包括设置在中心孔内的压块件，压块件的靠近静铁组件的顶表面与动铁本体的靠近静铁组件的顶表面共同组成能够与静铁组件吸合的配合表面。
可选地，弹性件布置成围绕压块件，弹性件的一个端部抵靠压块件，弹性件的另一个端部抵靠静铁组件。
可选地，压块件的顶表面与动铁本体的顶表面齐平。
可选地，压块件由与动铁本体的材料相同的材料制成。
可选地，压块件由软磁材料制成。
可选地，压块件与动铁本体过盈配合或一体地形成。
可选地，压块件构造为回转体结构。
可选地，压块件包括在彼此之间形成台阶部的柱状部和底座部，弹性件围绕柱状部布置，并且弹性件的一个端部抵靠台阶部。
可选地，弹性件构造为螺旋弹簧，中心孔的直径与柱状部的直径之差的二分之一等于或略大于螺旋弹簧的线圈的直径。
可选地，弹性件构造为螺旋弹簧，螺旋弹簧的线圈的直径小于或等于0.5mm。
总体上，根据本公开的电磁阀至少带来以下有益效果之一：由于弹簧与压块件一起布置在动铁组件的中心孔中，压块件与动铁组件共同形成与静铁组件吸合的配合表面，从而有效增加了动铁与静铁之间的吸合面积，减低了磁场密度进而减小了电磁阀的升温，使得电磁阀能够耐受更高的环境温度；弹簧围绕 压块件布置，使得压块件能够引导弹簧的轴向运动、防止弹簧的变形和磨损，保证电磁阀的可靠性；压块件布置在弹簧内部，充分利用了弹簧内部的空间，使得结构更加紧凑；压块件可以构造为简易的回转体结构，使得电磁阀容易加工制造、成本低廉。
附图说明
根据以下参照附图的详细描述，本公开的前述及另外的特征和优点将变得更加清楚，这些附图仅作为示例并且不一定是按比例绘制。在附图中采用相同的附图标记指示相同的部件，在附图中：
图1示出了根据本公开的电磁阀的纵向剖视示意图；
图2示出了根据本公开的电磁阀的局部纵向剖视图；以及
图3示出了对比示例中的电磁阀的局部纵向剖视图。
具体实施方式
现在将结合图1至图3对本公开的优选实施方式进行详细描述。在各视图中，相对应的构件或部分采用相同的参考标记。以下的描述在本质上只是示例性的而非意在限制本公开及其应用或用途。
图1示出了根据本公开的电磁阀100。大体上，电磁阀100包括用于控制流体的通断或方向的阀部件和用于控制阀部件中的阀针的运动的驱动保持机构。
具体地，阀部件可以包括阀体组件40、活塞组件60和阀针80。阀体组件40上设置有与入流管连接的入口和与出流管连接的出口，活塞组件60设置在阀体组件40的入口和出口之间，阀针80的末端能够与活塞组件60配合以打开和关闭活塞组件60，从而控制流经电磁阀100的流体的通断。
驱动保持机构可以包括壳管30、静铁组件10、动铁组件20、弹性件(如图2所示的螺旋弹簧22)及电磁线圈50等。静铁组件10和动铁组件20共轴地布置，并且静铁组件10位于动铁组件20的上方。静铁组件10固定至壳管30，而动铁组件20则布置在大致圆筒形的壳管30的内部空腔中并且与壳管30的内周面形成间隙配合，从而能够在壳管30内相对于静铁组件10滑动。在静铁组件10与动铁组件10之间还设置有螺旋弹簧22(参见图2)以在壳管30 的轴向方向上朝着离开静铁组件10的方向推压动铁组件20。壳管30的外侧布置有电磁线圈50。当电磁线圈50通电时，由软磁材料构成的静铁组件10和动铁组件20实现磁化，动铁组件20能够被静铁组件10吸引而沿着壳管30的轴向方向朝向静铁组件10(向上)运动。阀针80设置在动铁组件20的与静铁组件10相反的下端部处并通过弹簧销23(参见图2)与动铁组件20固定连接。由此，当动铁组件20沿壳管30的轴向方向向上运动时，阀针80被带动离开活塞组件60，从而打开电磁阀100。需要说明的是，虽然在图2中示出为阀针80与动铁组件20通过弹簧销23固定连接，但是阀针80也可以与动铁组件20一体地形成。
当电磁线圈断电时，静铁组件10与动铁组件20之间的吸合作用消失，动铁组件20在其自身重力以及弹性件(例如，螺旋弹簧22)的推压作用下沿着壳管30的轴向方向朝向远离静铁组件10的方向(向下)运动，从而带动阀针80向下运动而回落至与活塞组件60接合的位置，从而关闭电磁阀100。
图2示出了根据本公开的电磁阀100的驱动保持机构(在图1中驱动保持机构、尤其是动铁组件仅被示意性地示出，图1所示的动铁组件不代表根据本公开的电磁阀100的动铁组件的真实结构)。其中，动铁组件20包括动铁主体25和压块件21。动铁主体25的中心形成有从动铁主体25的靠近静铁组件10的顶表面201朝向远离静铁组件10的方向(向下)沿轴向延伸的中心孔24。该中心孔24内容纳螺旋弹簧22的至少一部分以及压块件21。压块件21包括柱状部213和连接在柱状部213下方的底座部215。柱状部213与底座部215可以分体或一体地形成。柱状部213的顶表面211与动铁主体25的顶表面201能够与静铁组件10的底表面吸合，从而获得较大的动静铁的配合面积，降低磁力线密度。并且，柱状部213的顶表面211可以与动铁主体25的顶表面201齐平，以获得更好的吸合效果，结构简单、易于加工和装配。柱状部213的径向尺寸小于底座部215的径向尺寸，从而在柱状部213与底座部215之间的连接处形成台阶部。柱状部213的径向尺寸也小于中心孔24的内部尺寸，从而在柱状部213的外周表面与中心孔24的内壁之间形成间隙。螺旋弹簧22围绕柱状部213布置(即柱状部213设置在螺旋弹簧22的内部空腔中)在该间隙内，其下端部抵靠至该台阶部，而其上端部则抵靠至静铁组件10。压块件21可以通过底座部215与动铁主体25的过盈配合而装配至动铁主体25，也可以与动 铁主体25一体地形成。
压块件21由与动铁主体25相同的材料、例如软磁材料制成。由此，当电磁线圈50通电时，由软磁材料构成的静铁组件10、动铁主体25和压块件21均实现磁化，动铁主体25和压块件21一起被静铁组件10吸合，动铁主体25的靠近静铁组件10的顶表面201和压块件21的靠近静铁组件10的顶表面211(柱状部213的顶表面)共同组成了能够与静铁组件10吸合的配合表面。相比之下，图3所示的对比示例中的动铁主体25的中心孔24内未设置压块件21，而仅容纳有螺旋弹簧22。螺旋弹簧22的内部空腔被浪费，在整个中心孔24的区域内均不存在能够与静铁组件10吸合的配合表面，静铁组件10仅通过动铁主体25的顶表面201形成的配合表面进行吸合作用。在电磁阀的其他尺寸相同的情况下，该配合表面的面积显然小于根据本公开的电磁阀100中的由动铁主体25的顶表面201和压块件21的顶表面211共同组成的配合表面的面积。当电磁线圈通电电压一定时，磁力线密度(如图2中的虚线箭头所示)与动铁组件和静铁组件之间的配合面积相关，由于根据本公开的电磁阀100中的配合表面的面积更大，因此磁力线密度更小，由磁滞损耗和涡流损耗所引起的动铁组件和静铁组件的发热也就更小，使得电磁阀能够在更高环境温度下工作，避免了通过选用耐温等级更高的线圈材料来满足苛刻的工况，进一步降低了生产成本。
为了使加工制造更加容易，压块件21优选地为回转体结构，例如包括圆柱形的柱状部213和底座部215。
此外，为了尽可能地增大配合表面的面积以进一步减小电磁阀的温升，压块件21的柱状部213的外周面与中心孔24的内周面之间的间隙设置为在能够容纳螺旋弹簧22的情况下尽可能地小。优选地，中心孔24的径向尺寸(例如直径D2)与柱状部213的径向尺寸(例如直径D3)之差的二分之一等于或略大于螺旋弹簧22的线圈的直径，以使得配合表面的面积最大化。例如如图2所示，当动铁主体25、中心孔24、柱状部213均构造为圆柱形时，配合表面的最大面积理论上等于动铁主体25的横截面面积(即πD1 2/4，D1为动铁主体25的直径)减去中心孔24的横截面积(即πD2 2/4，D2为中心孔24的直径)再加上柱状部213的横截面积(即πD3 2/4，D3为中心孔24的直径)。优选地，螺旋弹簧22的线圈的直径小于或等于0.5mm，使得动静铁的配合表面因螺旋 弹簧22而损失的面积最小化。
另一方面，在动铁组件20上下往复运动的过程中，由于螺旋弹簧22围绕压块件21的柱状部213布置，柱状部213能够在螺旋弹簧22的伸长和缩短的过程中对螺旋弹簧22起到导向和稳定的作用。因此，当压块件21的柱状部213的外周面与中心孔24的内周面之间的间隙较小时，不仅能够使配合表面的面积较大，而且由于螺旋弹簧22被限制在该间隙内，螺旋弹簧22仅能够沿着轴向方向伸长或收缩，从而能够防止弹簧因偏移轴向运动而发生的变形和磨损，进一步提高弹簧的使用寿命、保证电磁阀的稳定工作。
虽然在如图所示的实施方式中，动铁主体25、中心孔24、柱状部213等均构造为圆柱形，但是本领域技术人员可以理解的是，它们也可以构造为例如方柱形等。此外，虽然在如图所示的实施方式中，柱状部213的顶表面211构造为与动铁主体25的顶表面201齐平，但是本领域技术人员可以理解的是柱状部213的顶表面211也可以与动铁主体25的顶表面201不齐平，只要柱状部213的顶表面211和动铁主体25的顶表面201能够与静铁组件10的底表面相互吸合而形成配合表面即可。例如，柱状部213的顶表面211可以低于动铁主体25的顶表面201，而相应地，静铁组件10的底表面在与柱装部213相对应的位置处形成有突出部，由此，当静铁组件10与动铁组件20吸合时，静铁组件10的底表面上的突出部与柱状部213的顶表面211接合，静铁组件10的底表面上的突出部以外的区域与动铁主体25的顶表面201接合。此外，本领域技术人员还可以理解的是，弹性件不限于螺旋弹簧22，还可以是其他与螺旋弹簧22类似的能够提供偏压力的部件。
另外，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，本公开并不局限于以上描述的示例性实施方式，还包括以上描述的各种示例的变形或组合。
上文结合具体实施方式描述了根据本公开的优选实施方式的高温热泵系统。可以理解，以上描述仅为示例性的而非限制性的，在不背离本公开的范围的情况下，本领域技术人员参照上述描述可以想到多种变型和修改。这些变型和修改同样包含在本公开的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电磁阀(100)，所述电磁阀包括壳管(30)、固定至所述壳管的静铁组件(10)、容纳在所述壳管内的适于与所述静铁组件相互吸合的动铁组件(20)、以及位于所述动铁组件与所述静铁组件之间的弹性件，所述弹性件适于在所述壳管的轴向方向上将所述动铁组件沿着离开所述静铁组件的方向推压，
    其中，所述动铁组件包括动铁本体(25)，所述动铁本体具有沿着所述轴向方向延伸的中心孔(24)，所述弹性件至少部分地容纳在所述中心孔内，
    其特征在于，所述动铁组件还包括设置在所述中心孔内的压块件(21)，所述压块件的靠近所述静铁组件的顶表面(211)与所述动铁本体的靠近所述静铁组件的顶表面(201)共同组成能够与所述静铁组件吸合的配合表面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电磁阀(100)，其特征在于，所述弹性件布置成围绕所述压块件，所述弹性件的一个端部抵靠所述压块件，所述弹性件的另一个端部抵靠所述静铁组件。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述压块件的所述顶表面(211)与所述动铁本体的所述顶表面(201)齐平。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述压块件由与所述动铁本体的材料相同的材料制成。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述压块件由软磁材料制成。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述压块件与所述动铁本体过盈配合或一体地形成。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述压 块件构造为回转体结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述压块件包括在彼此之间形成台阶部的柱状部(213)和底座部(215)，所述弹性件围绕所述柱状部布置，并且所述弹性件的一个端部抵靠所述台阶部。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述弹性件构造为螺旋弹簧(22)，所述中心孔的直径(D2)与所述柱状部的直径(D3)之差的二分之一等于或略大于所述螺旋弹簧(22)的线圈的直径。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述弹性件构造为螺旋弹簧(22)，所述螺旋弹簧(22)的线圈的直径小于或等于0.5mm。
PCT/CN2022/109349 2021-08-05 2022-08-01 电磁阀 WO2023011390A1 (zh)

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JPH07190229A (ja) * 1993-12-27 1995-07-28 Nippon Funmatsu Gokin Kk 電磁弁の製造方法
JPH09292050A (ja) * 1996-02-28 1997-11-11 Saginomiya Seisakusho Inc 四方弁
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