WO2023010915A1 - 电子装置 - Google Patents
电子装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023010915A1 WO2023010915A1 PCT/CN2022/090956 CN2022090956W WO2023010915A1 WO 2023010915 A1 WO2023010915 A1 WO 2023010915A1 CN 2022090956 W CN2022090956 W CN 2022090956W WO 2023010915 A1 WO2023010915 A1 WO 2023010915A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- chip
- heat dissipation
- circuit board
- heat sink
- electronic device
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
- H01L23/367—Cooling facilitated by shape of device
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/40—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/40—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs
- H01L23/4006—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs with bolts or screws
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/562—Protection against mechanical damage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/31—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
- H01L24/32—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/40—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs
- H01L23/4006—Mountings or securing means for detachable cooling or heating arrangements ; fixed by friction, plugs or springs with bolts or screws
- H01L2023/4075—Mechanical elements
- H01L2023/4081—Compliant clamping elements not primarily serving heat-conduction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/31—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/32—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
- H01L2224/321—Disposition
- H01L2224/32151—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/32221—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/32245—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of chip assembly, in particular to an electronic device.
- the pressing portion further includes a first guide post.
- the first guide post is fixedly connected to the circuit board, the radiator is provided with a first guide hole, and the first guide post passes through the first guide hole.
- the first guide post provides guidance for the relative movement of the radiator and the chip, so that when the radiator approaches or moves away from the chip, the second heat dissipation surface is always aligned with the first heat dissipation surface.
- the first elastic member includes a first compression spring, and an end of the first guide post facing away from the circuit board is provided with a first mounting head.
- the first compression spring is sheathed outside the first guide post, one end of the first compression spring acts on the first installation head, and the other end acts on the heat sink.
- the first compression spring can provide a stable elastic force, which can reduce the possibility of the heat sink crushing the chip due to excessive elastic force.
- the second guide post provides guidance for the relative movement of the radiator and the chip, so that when the radiator approaches or moves away from the chip, the second heat dissipation surface is always aligned with the first heat dissipation surface.
- the second elastic member includes a second compression spring.
- the second compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the second guide post, one end of the second compression spring acts on the circuit board, and the other end acts on the heat sink.
- the second compression spring can provide a stable elastic force, and the second compression spring and the first compression spring work together to reduce the possibility of the radiator crushing the chip due to excessive elastic force.
- the heat sink includes a mounting portion and a boss, the boss is provided on a side of the mounting portion facing the chip, and the end surface of the boss forms the the second cooling surface.
- the installation part has a limiting surface. The gap is formed between the limiting surface and the limiting member, or the limiting member is fixedly installed on the limiting surface.
- the value of ⁇ is less than 5°.
- H 1 is the size of the chip in the first direction
- H 2 is the distance between the second heat dissipation surface and the limiting surface in the first direction.
- L is a distance from a side of the limiting member away from the chip to a side of the chip close to the limiting member in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
- the limiting member is set as a support frame, and the support frame plays a role of strengthening the circuit board.
- the chip is arranged in the window of the support frame, that is, the support frame is arranged around the chip. Parts of the support frame can limit the relative movement between the heat sink and the chip. Since the support frame and the circuit board have stronger connection strength, the support frame itself has stronger strength to maintain the shape. Therefore, as a limiter, the bracket frame can improve the stability of the limiter, and can also improve the accuracy of the limiter when limiting, and try to avoid the position change of the limiter following the deformation of the circuit board.
- fixing through holes for installing bolts are arranged in the limiting member, and the bolts are used for fixing the bracket frame and the circuit board.
- the support frame is fixed to the circuit board by bolts, and the bolt itself protrudes from the support frame to a certain size, and the relative movement between the radiator and the chip is limited by the part protruding from the support frame, which can play a role in placing the radiator relative to the chip.
- the effect of excessive tilt is not limited.
- the support frame includes at least two windows, and one chip is installed on the circuit board at a position corresponding to each of the windows.
- each window of the support frame can correspond to a chip, and each chip can correspond to a heat sink separately, and each heat sink can adopt a mounting structure corresponding to the chip to ensure a reasonable distance between the heat sink and the chip, and also make the Keep a reasonable distance between the heat sink and the support frame, so that when the heat sink is tilted relative to the chip, excessive tilting of the heat sink can be restricted.
- the limiter when the second board is too soft or too compact, so that the second board is not suitable for installing the limiter, the limiter can be installed through the first plate outside the second plate, and the limiter can be installed from the Through-hole leads.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional electronic device.
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view of another conventional electronic device.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another conventional electronic device.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of FIG. 5 .
- Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of an electronic device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of an electronic device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
- connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, “connection” can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be directly or indirectly through an intermediary.
- connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be directly or indirectly through an intermediary.
- connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be directly or indirectly through an intermediary.
- and/or includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional electronic device 001 ′.
- the heat emitted by the chip 200' needs to be transferred to the cover 300' through the inner heat dissipation medium 510' and the heat dissipation medium 500', and then to the heat dissipation medium 500' through the cover 300' and the outer heat dissipation medium 530'.
- Radiator 400' The heat transfer path is long, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency of the chip 200 ′.
- heat accumulation is likely to affect the operation of the chip 200 ′.
- the size of the mounting ring 600' is slightly larger than that of the chip 200'.
- the heat sink 400' is installed on the circuit board 100' through a mounting member, and the heat sink 400' includes a boss 410' disposed toward the chip 200'.
- the heat sink 400' is pressed against the first heat dissipation surface 201' of the chip 200' on the circuit board 100'.
- the first heat dissipation surface 201' is a surface of the chip 200' away from the substrate 230'.
- the heat sink 400' provides pressure against the chip 200' through the mount and maintains a balance in the supporting force of the chip 200'.
- the first heat dissipation surface 201 and the second heat dissipation surface 401 are approximately parallel, the space between the first heat dissipation surface 201 and the second heat dissipation surface 401 is filled with the heat dissipation medium 500, and the heat generated by the first heat dissipation surface 201 passes through the heat dissipation medium 500 transmitted to the second heat dissipation surface 401 .
- the limiting member 700 is not in direct contact with the heat sink 400, so that the heat sink 400 is pressed against the chip 200, which can reduce the distance between the first heat dissipation surface 201 and the second heat dissipation surface 401, and the first heat dissipation surface 201 and the second heat dissipation surface 401 The size of the heat dissipation medium 500 between the heat dissipation surfaces 401 is reduced, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency between the chip 200 and the heat sink 400 .
- the gap 701 allows the heat sink 400 to be relatively close to the chip 200 , thereby reducing the rigid force in the electronic device 001 .
- the limiting member 700 can also prevent the radiator 400 from further exerting pressure on the chip 200 , thereby protecting the chip 200 and reducing the chance of the chip 200 being crushed by the radiator 400 .
- the heat dissipation structure of the chip 200 falls suddenly during transportation, if the falling direction is perpendicular to the first heat dissipation surface 201, then when the heat dissipation structure of the chip 200 falls to the ground, the heat sink 400 will be perpendicular to the first heat dissipation surface 201 due to inertia.
- the direction is close to the chip 200, and the limiting member 700 can contact the heat sink 400, thereby preventing the heat sink 400 from further approaching the chip 200, thereby protecting the chip 200 and reducing the probability of the chip 200 being crushed.
- the heat sink 400 includes a mounting portion 430 and a boss 410 , the boss 410 is disposed on a side of the mounting portion 430 facing the chip 200 , and the boss 410 protrudes toward the chip 200 .
- a surface of the boss 410 facing away from the mounting portion 430 forms a second heat dissipation surface 401 .
- the arrangement of the boss 410 can reduce the distance between the first heat dissipation surface 201 and the second heat dissipation surface 401 .
- the reinforcing plate 433 is annular, and the reinforcing plate 433 is fixed on the side of the bottom plate 431 facing the circuit board 100 , and the boss 410 is located in the middle of the reinforcing plate 433 .
- a limiting surface 4331 is formed on a side of the reinforcing plate 433 facing the limiting component 700 , and the aforementioned gap 701 is formed between the limiting surface 4331 and the limiting component 700 .
- the distance from the second heat dissipation surface 401 of the boss 410 to the first heat dissipation surface 201 is smaller than the distance from the end surface of the reinforcing plate 433 to the first heat dissipation surface 201 .
- the first elastic member 813 includes a first compression spring.
- a first installation head 815 is fixedly disposed on a portion of the first guide post 811 protruding from the first guide hole of the heat sink 400 .
- the first installation head 815 is located at an end of the first guide post 811 facing away from the circuit board 100 , and forms a first stop surface on a side of the first installation head 815 facing the circuit board 100 .
- the first compression spring is sleeved outside the first guide post 811. One end of the first compression spring acts on the first stop surface, and the other end acts on the radiator 400.
- the elastic extension of the first compression spring can be used for the radiator 400. A force that elastically presses against the chip 200 is provided.
- the heat sink 400 In the case of maintaining the relative position of the heat sink 400 and the chip 200 , it is necessary to reduce the pressure of the heat sink 400 against the chip 200 .
- the heat sink 400 Through the joint action of the pressing part 810 and the floating part 830, the heat sink 400 is in a floating relative position relative to the chip 200, that is, the heat sink 400 can return to an initial position by force after moving away from or approaching the chip 200. In this initial position, the heat sink 400 exerts a reasonable pressure on the chip 200 , and the heat dissipation medium 500 between the chip 200 and the heat sink 400 has as little space as possible to ensure the heat transfer efficiency of the heat dissipation medium 500 .
- the floating part 830 includes a second guide post 831 and a second elastic member 833.
- the mounting part 430 of the heat sink 400 is provided with a second guide hole.
- the second guide hole penetrates the overlapped part of the reinforcing plate 433 and the bottom plate 431.
- the second guide post 831 through the second pilot hole.
- the extension direction of the second guide post 831 is perpendicular to the second heat dissipation surface 401.
- the heat sink 400 approaches or moves away from the chip 200 as far as possible along the direction perpendicular to the first heat dissipation surface 201.
- the outer diameter of the second guide post 831 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the second guide hole.
- the second elastic member 833 includes a second compression spring.
- a portion of the second guide post 831 protruding from the second guide hole of the heat sink 400 is fixedly provided with a second mounting head 835 .
- the second installation head 835 is located at the end of the second guide post 831 away from the circuit board 100, and forms a second stop surface on the side of the second installation head 835 facing the circuit board 100, the second stop surface can stop the radiator 400 from passing away from the circuit board 100 .
- the second compression spring is sleeved outside the second guide post 831. One end of the second compression spring acts on the circuit board 100, and the other end acts on the radiator 400. The elastic elongation of the second compression spring can provide elasticity for the radiator 400. Force away from chip 200 .
- a plurality of second guide posts 831 and corresponding plurality of second elastic members 833 are arranged around the circumference of the chip 200, and the plurality of second elastic members 833 provide elastic force for the heat sink 400, so that the heat sink 400 is subjected to a combination of multiple elastic forces.
- the rear is substantially parallel to the second heat dissipation surface 401 , so that the heat sink 400 maintains the second heat dissipation surface 401 approximately parallel to the second heat dissipation surface 401 under the action of elastic force.
- the heat sink 400 Since there is no contact between the limiting member 700 and the heat sink 400 in the initial state, the heat sink 400 is pressed against the chip 200 . Therefore, in the first direction X, the size of the heat dissipation medium 500 between the heat sink 400 and the chip 200 is only related to two tolerances: the flatness of the first heat dissipation surface 201 and the flatness of the second heat dissipation surface 401 .
- the heat dissipation medium 500 can have a smaller size in the first direction X, thereby enhancing the heat transfer efficiency between the chip 200 and the heat sink 400 .
- the first elastic member 813 may also include first elastic washers, and the two first elastic washers are respectively fixed at both ends of the first compression spring, and the first compression spring respectively acts on the first compression spring through the first elastic washers.
- the first elastic gasket can disperse the elastic force of the first compression spring, so that the local pressure of the first compression spring acting on the first guide post 811 and the radiator 400 becomes smaller.
- the first guide post 811 and the radiator 400 are affected.
- the force is relatively uniform, on the other hand, it can reduce the probability of the first compression spring damaging the first guide post 811 and the heat sink 400 .
- the first elastic member 813 may also include a second elastic washer, and the two second elastic washers are respectively fixed at both ends of the second compression spring, and the second compression spring respectively acts on the circuit through the second elastic washer. board 100 and heat sink 400 .
- the second elastic gasket can disperse the elastic force of the second compression spring, so that the local pressure of the second compression spring acting on the circuit board 100 and the heat sink 400 becomes smaller.
- the force on the circuit board 100 and the heat sink 400 can be relatively uniform. , on the other hand, it can reduce the probability of the second compression spring damaging the circuit board 100 and the heat sink 400 .
- the limiting member 700 protects the chip 200 by limiting the movement of the heat sink 400 relative to the chip 200 , and the limiting member 700 may not be fixed on the circuit board 100 .
- the limiting member 700 may be fixed on a side of the heat sink 400 facing the circuit board 100 , and a gap 701 is formed between the limiting member 700 and the circuit board 100 when the electronic device 001 is in an initial state.
- the radiator 400 moves relative to the chip 200
- the radiator 400 drives the limiting member 700 close to the circuit board 100 , until the limiting member 700 touches the circuit board 100 to prevent further displacement of the radiator 400 .
- FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of an electronic device 001 provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein the heat sink 400 is inclined relative to the chip 200 .
- Fig. 6 shows a simplified diagram of the structure of Fig. 5, with relevant dimensions marked.
- the heat sink 400 in the electronic device 001 is inclined relative to the chip 200 , so that an angle ⁇ is formed between the first heat dissipation surface 201 and the second heat dissipation surface 401 .
- the radiator 400 contacts one of the limiting parts 700, and the limiting part 700 prevents the radiator 400 from further tilting.
- the direction perpendicular to the first heat dissipation surface 201 is the first direction X.
- the size of the limiting member 700 is H
- the size of the chip 200 is H 1 .
- the chip 200 and the limiting member 700 are installed on the same surface of the circuit board 100 , the size of the limiting member 700 is larger than that of the chip 200 , and there is a height difference (HH 1 ) between the side away from the circuit board 100 and the first heat dissipation surface 201 .
- the substrate 230 in the chip 200 is fixed on the circuit board 100 through solder balls 250 , and the size H 1 of the chip 200 also includes the size of the solder balls 250 .
- the dimension from the second cooling surface 401 to the limiting surface 4331 of the boss 410 is H 2 .
- the substrate 230 may also be mounted on the circuit board 100 through other fixing structures such as bullet points, and the size H 1 of the chip 200 also includes the size of the fixing structure.
- H3 can be calculated according to the following formula:
- the second heat dissipation surface 401 may not be a plane.
- the dimension H2 from the second heat dissipation surface 401 of the boss 410 to the limit surface 4331 is: the local position corresponding to the edge of the chip 200 on the second heat dissipation surface 401 to the limit surface 4331 size of.
- the limiting member 700 in this electronic device 001 is a support frame 710 .
- the bracket frame 710 is fixedly connected with the board body of the circuit board 100 , and the overall strength of the circuit board 100 can be improved and the stress deformation of the circuit board 100 can be reduced by using the bracket frame 710 as the limiting member 700 .
- the middle part of the support frame 710 has a window 011 , and when the support frame 710 and the circuit board 100 are fixed, the chip 200 is located inside the window 011 .
- the limiting surface 4331 of the heat sink 400 faces the support frame 710 .
- FIG. 9 shows a partial cross-sectional view of an electronic device 001 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the limiting member 700 in this electronic device 001 is a support frame 710 .
- the bracket frame 710 is fixedly connected with the board body of the circuit board 100 , and the overall strength of the circuit board 100 can be improved and the stress deformation of the circuit board 100 can be reduced by using the bracket frame 710 as the limiting member 700 .
- such a bracket frame 710 can be installed on the circuit board 100 as a limiting member 700 .
- the support frame 710 has two windows 011 . After the support frame 710 is mounted on the circuit board 100 , each window 011 may correspond to a chip 200 .
- radiators 400 can be selected for matching.
- selecting radiators 400 with different sizes of bosses 410 enables the same support frame 710 to simultaneously control the displacement of two radiators 400, and makes the second heat dissipation surfaces 401 of the two radiators 400 unable to dissipate heat relative to the first radiator.
- the face 201 is inclined by more than 5°.
- the second board 130 is provided with a plurality of installation through holes 131
- the first board 110 is provided with a plurality of stoppers 700 .
- the second board 130 is a PCB, and the second board 130 is electrically connected to the chip 200 .
- the first plate 110 is a metal plate, and the first plate 110 has high strength.
- the second plate 130 is disposed on the first plate 110, and the second plate 130 can be reinforced by the first plate 110, so that the second plate 130 is not easily deformed by external force.
- the limiting member 700 of the first board 110 extends toward the heat sink 400 and passes through the installation through hole 131 .
- the heat sink 400 can contact the limiting part 700 of the second board 130 , and the further tilting of the heat sink 400 is prevented by the limiting part 700 , thereby protecting the chip 200 .
- the first heat dissipation surface 201 of the heat sink 400 and the second heat dissipation surface 401 of the chip 200 in the above-mentioned various electronic devices 001 can have a relatively small distance, so that the size of the heat dissipation medium 500 in the first direction X is small, The heat dissipation efficiency of the chip 200 and the radiator 400 is improved.
- the movement of the heat sink 400 relative to the chip 200 can be limited by setting the limiting member 700 , thereby limiting the angle between the second heat dissipation surface 401 of the heat sink 400 and the first heat dissipation surface 201 of the chip 200 .
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种电子装置,包括电路板、芯片、散热器和限位件。芯片与所述电路板固定,背离所述电路板的一面形成第一散热面。散热器安装于所述电路板,朝向所述电路板的一面形成第二散热面,所述第二散热面与所述芯片的所述第一散热面之间设有散热介质。限位件设置于所述散热器和所述电路板中的一者,并与另一者之间形成间隙。由于散热器没有承载在限位件上而与限位件具有一定间隙,第二散热面作用于第一散热面时压向第一散热面,可将第一散热面和第二散热面设置地十分靠近,从而降低第一散热面和第二散热面之间散热介质的用量,从而提高芯片的散热效率。而散热器相对靠近芯片时,限位件能够对散热器的运动限位,从而有效保护芯片。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年08月02日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110881508.7、申请名称为“电子装置”的中国专利的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请涉及芯片装配领域,尤其涉及一种电子装置。
随着通信技术的发展,大容量、高带宽、高功耗芯片应用越来越普遍,如GPU(graphics processing unit,图形处理器)、CPU(central processing unit,中央处理器)、网络处理器等芯片,这些类型芯片的单颗功耗已经达到300w以上,后续通信芯片功耗路标将要达到500w甚至1000w,这样就给芯片和系统的散热带来极大的挑战。而很多生产商通过去除芯片的盖子以芯片裸露的形式来减少芯片的散热路径,但是这样容易使得芯片得不到有效保护,芯片受损的几率增加。
芯片装配时需要平衡芯片的散热,以及对芯片的保护。既要应对高功耗下芯片的散热问题,又要有效保护芯片,降低芯片破损的几率。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电子装置,有利于芯片的散热,同时又能有效保护芯片。
本申请实施例的第一方面提供电子装置,包括电路板、芯片、散热器和限位件。所述芯片与所述电路板固定,背离所述电路板的一面形成第一散热面。所述散热器安装于所述电路板,朝向所述电路板的一面形成第二散热面,所述第二散热面与所述芯片的所述第一散热面之间设有散热介质。所述限位件设置于所述散热器和所述电路板中的一者,并与另一者之间形成间隙。
该电子装置中,散热器与限位件之间存在间隙,第二散热面与第一散热面之间设置散热介质,使得第二散热面通过散热介质直接作用在芯片的第一散热面上,因此可以将第一散热面和第二散热面之间的间距缩小,从而降低第一散热面和第二散热面之间散热介质的用量,也即降低散热介质的厚度。通过降低散热介质的厚度,可以提高第一散热面和第二散热面之间的传热效率,从而提高芯片的散热效率。而且,在散热器相对靠近芯片时,限位件可以接触散热器以阻止散热器进一步移动,从而减小散热器对芯片的压力,降低芯片被压损的几率。根据不同的芯片或散热器,可以采用不同的限位件尺寸。通过控制限位件的尺寸,可以调整间隙的尺寸,从而调节散热器压向芯片时的最大作用力。与之对应的,如果限位件设置在散热器上,在限位件与电路板之间形成间隙。当散 热器相对靠近芯片时,限位件可以接触电路板以阻止散热器进一步移动,从而减小散热器对芯片的压力,降低芯片被压损的几率。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,所述电子装置还包括下压部。所述下压部包括第一弹性件,所述第一弹性件一端作用于所述散热器,另一端作用于所述电路板,提供所述散热器压向所述芯片的弹性力。
该电子装置中,下压部为散热器提供弹性压向芯片的压力,从而使得第一散热面和第二散热面尽量贴合,第一散热面和第二散热面之间的散热介质尽可能地不出现空隙,提高散热介质的传热效率。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,所述下压部还包括第一导柱。所述第一导柱与所述电路板固定连接,所述散热器设置有第一导向孔,所述第一导柱穿过所述第一导向孔。
该电子装置中,第一导柱为散热器和芯片的相对移动提供导向,使得散热器在接近或远离芯片时,第二散热面始终对准第一散热面。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,所述第一弹性件包括第一压簧,所述第一导柱背离所述电路板的一端设置有第一安装头。所述第一压簧套设在所述第一导柱外,所述第一压簧一端作用于所述第一安装头,另一端作用于所述散热器。
该电子装置中,第一压簧能够提供稳定的弹性力,可以降低散热器因为过大弹性力压碎芯片的几率。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,所述电子装置还包括浮动部。所述浮动部包括第二弹性件,所述第二弹性件一端作用于所述散热器,另一端作用与所述电路板,提供所述散热器远离所述芯片的弹性力。
该电子装置中,浮动部提供散热器远离芯片的弹性力,通过浮动部可以抵消下压部的部分弹性力,从而减小散热器作用于芯片的压力。另外浮动部和下压部配合使得散热器能够相对芯片处于一稳定位置。由于外力作用使得散热器相对芯片运动后,能够在浮动部和下压部的共同作用下,使得散热器恢复到相对运动前的位置处。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,所述浮动部还包括第二导柱。所述第二导柱与所述电路板固定连接,所述散热器设置有第二导向孔,所述第二导柱穿过所述第二导向孔。
该电子装置中,第二导柱为散热器和芯片的相对移动提供导向,使得散热器在接近或远离芯片时,第二散热面始终对准第一散热面。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,所述第二弹性件包括第二压簧。所述第二压簧套设在所述第二导柱外,所述第二压簧一端作用于所述电路板,另一端作用于所述散热器。
该电子装置中,第二压簧能够提供稳定的弹性力,第二压簧与第一压簧共同作用,可以降低散热器因为过大弹性力压碎芯片的几率。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,所述散热器包括安装部和凸台,所述凸台设置于所述安装部朝向所述芯片的一面,所述凸台的端面形成所述第二散热面。所述安装部具有限位面。所述限位面与所述限位件之间形成所述间隙,或所述限位面上固定安装所述限位件。
该电子装置中,散热器的凸台可以缩小第一散热面和第二散热面之间的间距。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,在垂直于所述第一散热面的第一方向上,所述限位件的尺寸为H,所述限位件的尺寸H满足关系式:
H=H
1+(H
2×cosθ)-(L-H
2×sinθ)×tanθ。
式中,θ取值小于5°。H
1为所述芯片在所述第一方向上的尺寸,H
2为所述第二散热面与所述限位面之间在第一方向上的距离。L为在垂直于所述第一方向的第二方向上,所述限位件背离所述芯片的一侧到所述芯片靠近所述限位件的一侧的距离。
该电子装置中,限制H与L的关系,从而使得散热器相对芯片倾斜,散热器作用于限位件上时,倾斜角θ不会大于5°,有效降低芯片上的受力。因此,即使散热器相对芯片倾斜也不易将芯片压碎。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,所述限位件为支架框,所述支架框具有窗口,所述芯片位于所述窗口内。
该电子装置中,将限位件设置为支架框,支架框对电路板起到加强作用。芯片设置在支架框的窗口内,也即支架框绕芯片设置。支架框的局部可以限制散热器与芯片的相对移动,由于支架框与电路板具有更强的连接强度,支架框本身具有较强的强度以维持形状。因此支架框作为限位件,能够提高限位件的稳定性,也可以提高限位件限位时的精度,尽量避免限位件跟随电路板的变形而发生位置变化。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,所述限位件内设置有用于安装螺栓的固定通孔,所述螺栓用于固定所述支架框和所述电路板。
该电子装置中,支架框通过螺栓与电路板固定,螺栓本身会凸出支架框一定尺寸,利用凸出支架框的部分对散热器和芯片的相对移动限位,可以起到放置散热器相对芯片过度倾斜的作用。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,所述支架框包括至少两个窗口,所述电路板上对应每个所述窗口的位置安装一个所述芯片。
该电子装置中,支架框的每个窗口可以对应一个芯片,而每个芯片可以单独对应一个散热器,每个散热器可以采用对应芯片的安装结构使得散热器与芯片保证合理的距离,也使得散热器与支架框保持合理的距离,从而使得散热器相对芯片倾斜时,可以限制散热器过度倾斜。
基于第一方面,一种可能的实现方式中,所述电路板包括第一板和第二板。所述芯片安装在所述第二板,所述第二板设置有多个安装通孔。所述第一板设置所述限位件,所述限位件从所述安装通孔穿出所述第二板。
该电子装置中,当第二板因为太柔软或者太紧凑,导致第二板不适合安装限位件时,可以通过第二板外的第一板安装限位件,并将限位件从安装通孔引出。
图1是现有的一种电子装置的剖视图。
图2是现有的另一种电子装置的剖视图。
图3是现有的另一种电子装置的剖视图。
图4是本申请一实施例提供的一种电子装置的剖视图。
图5是本申请一实施例提供的散热器相对芯片倾斜时的一种电子装置的剖视图。
图6是图5的结构简图。
图7是本申请另一种实施例提供的电子装置的局部剖视图。
图8是本申请另一种实施例提供的支架框的结构示意图。
图9是本申请另一种实施例提供的电子装置的局部剖视图。
图10是本申请另一种实施例提供的支架框的结构示意图。
图11示出了本申请一种实施例提供的支架框的结构示意图。
图12是本申请另一种实施例提供的电子装置的局部剖视图。
主要元件符号说明
电子装置 001,001'
窗口 011
通孔部 013
固定通孔 0131
沉孔 0133
电路板 100,100'
第一板 110
第二板 130
安装通孔 131
芯片 200,200'
第一散热面 201,201'
片体 210,210'
基板 230,230'
焊球 250,250'
盖体 300'
散热器 400,400'
第二散热面 401
凸台 410,410'
安装部 430
底板 431
加强板 433
限位面 4331
翅片 450
散热介质 500,500'
内散热介质 510'
外散热介质 530'
安装环 600'
限位件 700
支架框 710
限位区 711
间隙 701
下压部 810
第一导柱 811
第一弹性件 813
第一安装头 815
浮动部 830
第二导柱 831
第二弹性件 833
第二安装头 835
第一方向 X
第二方向 Y
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本申请的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭示的内容轻易地了解本申请的其他优点及功效。虽然本申请的描述将结合较佳实施例一起介绍,但这并不代表此申请的特征仅限于该实施方式。恰恰相反,结合实施方式作申请介绍的目的是为了覆盖基于本申请的权利要求而有可能延伸出的其它选择或改造。为了提供对本申请的深度了解,以下描述中将包含许多具体的细节。本申请也可以不使用这些细节实施。此外,为了避免混乱或模糊本申请的重点,有些具体细节将在描述中被省略。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以下,如果有用到,术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等方位术语是相对于附图中的部件示意置放的方位来定义的,应当理解到,这些方向性术语是相对的概念,它们用于相对于的描述和澄清,其可以根据附图中部件所放置的方位的变化而相应地发生变化。
在本申请中,如果有用到,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“连接”应做广义理解,例如,“连接”可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
在下述实施例结合示意图进行详细描述时,为便于说明,表示器件局部结构的图会不依一般比例作局部放大,而且所述示意图只是示例,其在此不应限制本申请保护的范围。
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本申请的实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
图1示出了现有的一种电子装置001'的剖视图。
如图1所示,这种电子装置001'包括电路板100'、芯片200'、盖体300'和散热器400'。电路板100'采用PCB(Printed Circuit Board,印制电路板),芯片200'包括片体210'和基板230',片体210'和基板230'固定连接,基板230'通过焊球250'固定在电路板100'上。部分实现形式中,基板230'也会通过弹点等其他固定结构安装在电路板100'上。
盖体300'固定设置在基板230'上,盖体300'覆盖芯片200'背离基板230'的一面。在盖体300'与芯片200'之间填充有内散热介质510'散热介质500',可以加强盖体300'与芯片200'之间的传热效率。盖体300'采用相对硬质的金属制成,可以有效保护芯片200'。散热器400'设置在电路板100'上,散热器400'与盖体300'之间填充有外散热介质530'散热介质500',外散热介质530'散热介质500'可以加强散热器400'与盖体300'之间的传热效率。这种电子装置001'中,芯片200'发出的热量需要经过内散热介质510'散热介质500'传递至盖体300',再经过盖体300'和外散热介质530'散热介质500'传递至散热器400'。热量的传递路径较长,导致芯片200'的散热效率较低,在芯片200'功率较大的情况下,容易产生积热影响芯片200'的工作。
图2示出了现有的一种电子装置001'的剖视图。
如图2所示,这种电子装置001'包括电路板100'、芯片200'、安装环600'和散热器400'。芯片200'包括片体210'和基板230',片体210'与基板230'固定连接,基板230'背离片体210'的一面通过焊球250'固定在电路板100'上。安装环600'设置在基板230'上,安装环600'绕芯片200'外周设置。芯片200'背离基板230'的一面形成第一散热面201',在垂直于第一散热面201'的第一方向X上,安装环600'的尺寸大于芯片200'的尺寸。散热器400'安装在电路板100'上,散热器400包括朝向芯片200'设置的凸台410'。散热器400'在电路板100'上通过安装环600'支撑,使得凸台410'靠近芯片200'的第一散热面201'。第一散热面201'为芯片200'背离基板230'的一面。在芯片200'与散热器400'之间设置散热介质500',芯片200'产生的热量通过散热介质500'传递至散热器400',再通过散热器400'发散。在垂直于第一散热面201'第一方向X上,散热介质500'的尺寸通过多个公差确定。在第一方向X上,用于确定散热介质500'尺寸的公差包括:凸台410'的共面度、凸台410'在第一方向X上的尺寸公差、散热器400'设置凸台410'位置的平面度、第一散热面201'的平面度、芯片200'在第一方向X上的尺寸公差、芯片200'焊料在第一方向X的尺寸公差、基板230'回流焊变形形成的公差、安装环600'的平面度、安装环600'在第一方向X的尺寸公差、安装环600'回流焊变形形成的公差、安装环600'与基板230'固定材料的公差。也即确定散热介质500'尺寸的公差至少有11项,导致散热介质500'在第一方向X上的尺寸较大。散热介质500'在第一方向X尺寸的增大,导致散热介质500'的传热效率下降。因此,通过安装环600'支撑散热器400'的形式,虽然省去了盖体300'的散热步骤,依然难以达到较佳的散热效果。
图3示出了现有的一种电子装置001'的剖视图。
如图3所示,这种电子装置001'包括电路板100'、芯片200'、安装环600'和散热器400'。芯片200'包括片体210'和基板230'。片体210'与基板230'固定连接,基板230'背离片体210'的一面通过焊球250'固定在电路板100'上。安装环600'设置在基板230'上,安装环600'绕芯片200'外周设置。芯片200'背离基板230'的一面形成第一散热面201',在垂直于第一散热面201'的第一方向X上,安装环600'的尺寸略大于芯片200'的尺寸。散热器400'通过安装件安装在电路板100'上,散热器400'包括朝向芯片200'设置的凸台 410'。散热器400'在电路板100'上压向芯片200'的第一散热面201'。第一散热面201'为芯片200'背离基板230'的一面。散热器400'通过安装件提供压向芯片200'的压力以及芯片200'的支撑力保持平衡。在安装环600'与散热器400'之间设置有缓冲材料,缓冲材料仅仅提供微小的支撑力,从而使得散热器400'尽量压向芯片200'以缩减凸台410'与第一散热面201'的间距。
这种电子装置001',凸台410'与芯片200'之间只需要填充少量的散热介质500'即可。但是散热器400'压向芯片200'的压力较大,在运输或者使用这种电子装置001'过程中,散热器400'遇到外力冲击芯片200'时,容易导致芯片200'受压碎裂。尤其是散热器400'收到外力相对芯片200'倾斜时,导致芯片200'的受力面缩小,芯片200'局部压强增大而碎裂。
图4示出了本申请一种实施例提供的电子装置001的剖视图。
如图4所示,这种电子装置001包括电路板100、芯片200、散热器400和限位件700。电路板100包括第一板110和第二板130,其中第二板130为PCB,第一板110为金属板,第二板130固定在第一板110的一面。芯片200包括片体210和基板230,基板230背离片体210的一面安装在第二板130背离第一板110的一面。芯片200与电路板100电性连接,使得芯片200与电路板100之间能够传输信号。芯片200背离电路板100的一面形成第一散热面201,芯片200产生的热量会经由第一散热面201离开芯片200。散热器400安装在电路板100上,散热器400位于芯片200背离电路板100的一面,散热器400朝向芯片200的一面形成第二散热面401,第一散热面201和第二散热面401之间传热。通过散热器400吸收芯片200发出的热量,将热量带离芯片200。多个限位件700固定在电路板100上,限位件700向散热器400的方向延伸。可选择性的,限位件700螺纹固定在电路板100上。限位件700也表贴于电路板100上。当散热器400安装到电路板100上而不受其他外力时,散热器400和芯片200处于初始相对位置。在初始相对位置,第一散热面201和第二散热面401大致平行,第一散热面201和第二散热面401之间通过散热介质500填充,第一散热面201产生的热量通过散热介质500传递至第二散热面401。
限位件700与散热器400之间具有间隙701。一方面,限位件700与散热器400不直接接触,使得散热器400压向芯片200,可以降低第一散热面201和第二散热面401之间的间距,第一散热面201和第二散热面401之间散热介质500尺寸减小,从而提高芯片200与散热器400之间的传热效率。另一方面,该间隙701容许散热器400相对靠近芯片200,从而消减电子装置001中的刚性力。而当散热器400移动至接触限位件700后,限位件700还可以阻止散热器400进一步对芯片200施加压力,从而保护芯片200,降低芯片200被散热器400压碎的几率。比如,当芯片200散热结构在运输过程中突然跌落,如果跌落方向垂直于第一散热面201,则芯片200散热结构跌落到接触地面时,散热器400会因为惯性沿垂直于第一散热面201的方向靠近芯片200,而限位件700可以接触散热器400,从而阻止散热器400进一步接近芯片200,从而保护芯片200,降低芯片200被压损的几率。
散热器400包括安装部430和凸台410,凸台410设置在安装部430朝向芯片200的一面,凸台410向芯片200的方向凸出。凸台410背离安装部430的一面形成第二散热面401。凸台410的设置可以减小第一散热面201和第二散热面401的间距。
安装部430包括底板431和加强板433。散热器400通过传热效率较高的金属制成,加强板433采用高硬度金属制成,通过设置加强板433可以进一步增加散热器400的强度,降低散热器400使用过程中变形概率,从而使得散热器400对芯片200的压力保持稳定,降低因为散热器400变形而压坏芯片200的几率。
加强板433为环形,加强板433固定在底板431朝向电路板100的一面,凸台410位于加强板433的中间。加强板433朝向限位件700的一面形成限位面4331,限位面4331与限位件700之间形成上述的间隙701。沿第一方向X,凸台410的第二散热面401到第一散热面201的距离小于加强板433端面到第一散热面201的距离。在底板431背离加强板433的一面设置有多个翅片450,翅片450可以增加散热器400的比表面积,通过翅片450将散热器400的热量散发到环境中,可以增加散热器400的散热效率。
散热器400通过下压部810和浮动部830安装在电路板100上。下压部810包括第一导柱811和第一弹性件813,散热器400的加强板433设置有第一导向孔,第一导柱811穿过第一导向孔。第一导柱811的延伸方向与第一散热面201垂直,在第一导柱811和第一导向孔的导向下,散热器400尽量沿垂直于第一散热面201的方向靠近或远离芯片200。但是为了降低第一导柱811和第一导向孔内壁之间的摩擦,第一导柱811的外径会略微小于第一导向孔的内径。
第一弹性件813包括第一压簧。第一导柱811从第一导向孔伸出散热器400的部分固定设置有第一安装头815。第一安装头815位于第一导柱811背离电路板100的一端,并在第一安装头815朝向电路板100的一面形成第一止挡面。第一压簧套设在第一导柱811外,第一压簧的一端作用于第一止挡面,另一端作用于散热器400,通过第一压簧的弹性伸长可为散热器400提供弹性压向芯片200的作用力。
多个第一导柱811和对应的多个第一弹性件813绕芯片200的周向布置,多个第一弹性件813为散热器400提供弹性力,使得散热器400受到多个弹性力综合后大致平行于的第一散热面201,让散热器400在弹性力作用下保持第二散热面401大致与第一散热面201平行。
在保持散热器400与芯片200相对位置的情况下,需要降低散热器400压向芯片200的压力。通过下压部810和浮动部830的共同作用,散热器400相对芯片200处于一浮动的相对位置,也即散热器400在远离或靠近芯片200后都能通过作用力回复到一初始位置,在该初始位置下,散热器400对芯片200的压力合理,芯片200与散热器400之间的散热介质500尽量不出现空隙,保证散热介质500的传热效率。
浮动部830包括第二导柱831和第二弹性件833,散热器400的安装部430设置有第二导向孔,第二导向孔贯穿加强板433和底板431重叠的部分,第二导柱831穿过第二导向孔。第二导柱831的延伸方向与第二散热面401垂直,在第二导柱831和第二导向孔的导向下,散热器400尽量沿垂直于第一散热面201的方向靠近或远离芯片200。但是为了降低第二导柱831和第二导向孔内壁之间的摩擦,第二导柱831的外径会略微小于第二导向孔的内径。
第二弹性件833包括第二压簧。第二导柱831从第二导向孔伸出散热器400的部分固定设置有第二安装头835。第二安装头835位于第二导柱831背离电路板100的一端,并在第二安装头835朝向电路板100的一面形成第二止挡面,第二止挡面可以止挡散热器400过度远离电路板100。第二压簧套设在第二导柱831外,第二压簧的一端作用于 电路板100,另一端作用于散热器400,通过第二压簧的弹性伸长可为散热器400提供弹性远离芯片200的作用力。
多个第二导柱831和对应的多个第二弹性件833绕芯片200的周向布置,多个第二弹性件833为散热器400提供弹性力,使得散热器400受到多个弹性力综合后大致平行于的第二散热面401,让散热器400在弹性力作用下保持第二散热面401大致与第二散热面401平行。
由于在初始状态时,限位件700与散热器400之间不接触,散热器400压向芯片200。因此,在第一方向X上,散热器400与芯片200之间的散热介质500的尺寸只与两个公差相关:第一散热面201的平面度以及第二散热面401的平面度。使得散热介质500在第一方向X上能够具有较小的尺寸,从而增强芯片200与散热器400之间的传热效率。
可以理解的,第一弹性件813还可以包括第一弹性垫片,两个第一弹性垫片分别固定在第一压簧的两端,第一压簧通过第一弹性垫片分别作用于第一导柱811和散热器400。第一弹性垫片可以分散第一压簧的弹性力,使得第一压簧作用于第一导柱811和散热器400的局部压强变小,一方面使得第一导柱811和散热器400受力相对均匀,另一方面可以降低第一压簧损伤第一导柱811和散热器400的几率。
可以理解的,第一弹性件813还可以包括第二弹性垫片,两个第二弹性垫片分别固定在第二压簧的两端,第二压簧通过第二弹性垫片分别作用于电路板100和散热器400。第二弹性垫片可以分散第二压簧的弹性力,使得第二压簧作用于电路板100和散热器400的局部压强变小,一方面可以使得电路板100和散热器400受力相对均匀,另一方面可以降低第二压簧损伤电路板100和散热器400的几率。
可以理解的,限位件700通过限制散热器400相对芯片200的移动以保护芯片200,限位件700也可以不固定电路板100上。限位件700可以固定在散热器400朝向电路板100的一面,在电子装置001处于初始状态时,限位件700与电路板100之间形成间隙701。当散热器400相对芯片200移动时,散热器400带动限位件700靠近电路板100,直到限位件700接触电路板100后可以阻止散热器400的进一步位移。
图5示出了本申请一种实施例提供的电子装置001的剖视图,其中散热器400相对芯片200倾斜。图6示出了图5结构的简化图,图中标示各相关尺寸。
如图5所示,这种电子装置001中散热器400相对芯片200倾斜,使得第一散热面201和第二散热面401之间形成夹角θ。此时,散热器400接触其中一个限位件700,限位件700阻止散热器400进一步倾斜。
当芯片200散热结构在运输过程中突然跌落,如果跌落方向与第一散热面201倾斜,则芯片200散热结构跌落到接触地面时,散热器400会因为惯性相对芯片200转动一定角度,而限位件700可以接触散热器400,从而阻止散热器400进一步相对芯片200转动,从而保护芯片200,降低芯片200被压损的几率。
在散热器400对芯片200施加同等压力的情况下,夹角θ越大,芯片200的受力面就越小,从而导致芯片200收到的压强增大,增加了芯片200压碎的概率。因此,需要对夹角θ进行控制,使得在散热器400接触限位件700时,第一散热面201与第二散热面401之间的夹角θ小于5°,也即,第一散热面201和第二散热面401所能呈现的夹角θ的最大值小于5°。当第一散热面201和第二散热面401之间呈现的夹角θ大于5°时,将极大地增加芯片200碎裂的几率。
可以理解的,在芯片200散热器400处于其他情况下,导致散热器400相对芯片200倾斜时,控制夹角θ的大小,也可以有效保护芯片200,降低芯片200被压损的几率。
第一散热面201与第二散热面401之间的夹角θ与限位件700的尺寸,以及限位件700与芯片200的距离相关。
在散热器400和芯片200处于初始位置时,垂直于第一散热面201的方向为第一方向X。在第一方向X上相对电路板100,限位件700的尺寸为H,芯片200的尺寸为H
1。芯片200和限位件700安装在电路板100的同一面,限位件700的尺寸大于芯片200的尺寸,背离电路板100的一面与第一散热面201之间存在高度差(H-H
1)。具体的,芯片200中的基板230通过焊球250固定在电路板100上,芯片200的尺寸H
1还包括焊球250的尺寸。凸台410的第二散热面401到限位面4331尺寸为H
2。可选择性的,基板230也可以通过弹点等其他固定结构安装在电路板100上,芯片200的尺寸H
1还包括该固定结构的尺寸。
如图5和图6所示,在垂直于第一方向X的第二方向Y上,限位件700背离芯片200的一侧到芯片200靠近限位件700的一侧的距离尺寸为L。散热器400相对芯片200倾斜时,散热器400接触限位件700的位置到凸台410接触芯片200的位置的距离尺寸为L。在第一方向X上,凸台410位于限位面4331的截面靠近限位件700的一侧到第一限位面4331的尺寸为H
3,凸台410位于限位面4331的截面靠近限位件700的一侧到限制支柱的尺寸为H
4。
H
3可以根据下式计算得到:
H
3=H
2×cosθ
H
4可以根据下式计算得到:
H
4=(L-H
2×sinθ)×tanθ
从图6可知:
H=H
1+H
3-H
4=H
1+(H
2×cosθ)-(L-H
2×sinθ)×tanθ
当夹角θ小于5°时,可以通过上式计算得到尺寸H与尺寸L的关系。当控制限位件700的尺寸H,以及限位件700与芯片200的距离尺寸L后,可以限制散热器400相对芯片200倾斜时,第一散热面201与第二散热面401之间的夹角不超过5°,从而有效保护芯片200。
可以理解的,第二散热面401也可不为平面。比如当第二散热面401为弧面时,凸台410的第二散热面401到限位面4331尺寸H
2为:第二散热面401上与芯片200边缘对应的局部位置到限位面4331的尺寸。
图7示出了本申请一种实施例提供的电子装置001的局部剖视图。图8示出了本申请一种实施例提供的支架框710的结构示意图。
如图7所示,这种电子装置001中的限位件700为支架框710。支架框710与电路板100的板体固定连接,通过支架框710作为限位件700可以提高电路板100的整体强度,减小电路板100的受力变形。
请结合参阅图7和图8所示,这种支架框710的中部具有窗口011,当支架框710与电路板100固定时,芯片200位于窗口011内部。散热器400的限位面4331朝向支架框710。
在第一方向X上,支架框710的尺寸大于芯片200的尺寸,支架框710与限位面4331对应的局部区域可形成限位区711。当散热器400相对芯片200倾斜时,散热器400的限位面4331接触支架框710的限位区711,支架框710可以阻止散热器400进一步倾斜,从而保护芯片200,降低芯片200受压破损的几率。
图9示出了本申请一种实施例提供的电子装置001的局部剖视图。
如图9所示,这种电子装置001中的限位件700为支架框710。支架框710与电路板100的板体固定连接,通过支架框710作为限位件700可以提高电路板100的整体强度,减小电路板100的受力变形。
支架框710包括通孔部013,通孔部013形成支架框710的限位区711。通孔部013可以根据电路板100以及芯片200的尺寸设置,使得散热器400相对芯片200倾斜时,通孔部013接触散热器400后第一散热面201与第二散热面401的角度不大于5°。
通孔部013内设置有固定通孔0131,固定通孔0131沿垂直于第一散热面201的方向延伸并贯通整个支架框710。螺栓穿过固定通孔0131与电路板100螺纹连接,通过螺栓实现支架框710与电路板100的固定。为了降低螺栓对限位部尺寸的影响,固定通孔0131的端部设置有沉孔0133。螺栓安装到固定通孔0131内之后,螺栓的头部2533容置在沉孔0133内。
图10示出了本申请一种实施例提供的支架框710的结构示意图。
如图10所示,这种支架框710可以安装到电路板100上作为限位件700。支架框710具有两个窗口011,支架框710安装到电路板100之后,每个窗口011可以对应一个芯片200。
每个芯片200对应一个独立的散热器400,散热器400安装到电路板100上用于对芯片200散热。支架框710的局部形成限位区711,在散热器400相对芯片200倾斜时,支架框710的限位区711接触散热器400后可以阻止散热器400的进一步倾斜,从而控制第一散热面201和第二散热面401的夹角,进而保护芯片200。
当两个窗口011内芯片200的尺寸不同时,可以根据选择不同的散热器400进行匹配。比如,选择具有不同凸台410尺寸的散热器400,使得同一个支架框710能够同时控制两个散热器400的位移,并使得两个散热器400的第二散热面401均不能相对第一散热面201倾斜大于5°。
图11示出了本申请一种实施例提供的支架框710的结构示意图。
如图11所示,这种支架框710可以安装到电路板100上。并在支架框710上的凸起件形成限位区711。可选择性的,凸起件可以与支架框710的主体螺纹固定。支架框710具有两个窗口011,支架框710安装到电路板100之后,每个窗口011可以对应一个芯片200。
每个芯片200对应一个独立的散热器400,散热器400安装到电路板100上用于对芯片200散热。支架框710的凸起件所在位置形成限位区711,在散热器400相对芯片200倾斜时,支架框710的限位区711接触散热器400后可以阻止散热器400的进一步倾斜,从而控制第一散热面201和第二散热面401的夹角,进而保护芯片200。
当两个窗口011内芯片200的尺寸不同时,可以根据选择不同的散热器400进行匹配。比如,选择具有不同凸台410尺寸的散热器400,使得同一个支架框710能够同时控制两个散热器400的位移,并使得两个散热器400的第二散热面401均不能相对第一 散热面201倾斜大于5°。
图12示出了本申请一种实施例提供的电子装置001的剖视图。
如图12所示,这种电子装置001中,第二板130设置有多个安装通孔131,第一板110设置多个限位件700。第二板130为PCB,第二板130与芯片200电性连接。第一板110为金属板,第一板110具有较高的强度。第二板130设置在第一板110上,可以通过第一板110对第二板130进行加强,使得第二板130也不容易因为外力变形。
第一板110的限位件700向散热器400的方向延伸并穿出安装通孔131。当散热器400相对芯片200倾斜时,散热器400可以接触第二板130的限位件700,通过限位件700阻止散热器400的进一步倾斜,进而保护芯片200。
上述的各种电子装置001中散热器400的第一散热面201和芯片200的第二散热面401能够具有相对较小的间距,从而使得散热介质500在第一方向X上的尺寸较小,提高芯片200与散热器400的散热效率。而通过设置限位件700能够限制散热器400相对芯片200的运动,从而限制散热器400中第二散热面401与芯片200中第一散热面201的夹角。通过限定该夹角的大小即可降低芯片200的局部压强,从而降低电子装置001受到外力时芯片200收到过大压强而碎裂的几率。在散热器400尺寸与芯片200尺寸确定的情况下,还提供了一种限位件700尺寸以及限位件700设置位置的计算式,通过该计算式指导限位件700成型安装,可以使得限位件700限制散热器400运动的效果更佳,进一步降低芯片200碎裂的几率。
以上所述,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的公开范围之内。
Claims (12)
- 一种电子装置,其特征在于,包括:电路板;芯片,与所述电路板固定,背离所述电路板的一面形成第一散热面;散热器,安装于所述电路板,朝向所述电路板的一面形成第二散热面,所述第二散热面与所述芯片的所述第一散热面之间设有散热介质;限位件,设置于所述散热器和所述电路板中的一者,并与另一者之间形成间隙。
- 如权利要求1所述的电子装置,其特征在于,还包括下压部;所述下压部包括第一弹性件,所述第一弹性件一端作用于所述散热器,另一端作用于所述电路板,提供所述散热器压向所述芯片的弹性力。
- 如权利要求2所述的电子装置,其特征在于,所述下压部还包括第一导柱;所述第一导柱与所述电路板固定连接,所述散热器设置有第一导向孔,所述第一导柱穿过所述第一导向孔。
- 如权利要求3所述的电子装置,其特征在于,所述第一弹性件包括第一压簧;所述第一导柱背离所述电路板的一端设置有第一安装头;所述第一压簧套设在所述第一导柱外,所述第一压簧一端作用于所述第一安装头,另一端作用于所述散热器。
- 如权利要求2所述的电子装置,其特征在于,还包括浮动部;所述浮动部包括第二弹性件,所述第二弹性件一端作用于所述散热器,另一端作用与所述电路板,提供所述散热器远离所述芯片的弹性力。
- 如权利要求5所述的电子装置,其特征在于,所述浮动部还包括第二导柱;所述第二导柱与所述电路板固定连接,所述散热器设置有第二导向孔,所述第二导柱穿过所述第二导向孔。
- 如权利要求6所述的电子装置,其特征在于,所述第二弹性件包括第二压簧;所述第二压簧套设在所述第二导柱外,所述第二压簧一端作用于所述电路板,另一端作用于所述散热器。
- 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的电子装置,其特征在于,所述散热器包括安装部和凸台,所述凸台设置于所述安装部朝向所述芯片的一面,所述凸台的端面形成所述第二散热面;所述安装部具有限位面;所述限位面与所述限位件之间形成所述间隙,或所述限位面上固定安装所述限位件。
- 如权利要求1-8任一项所述的电子装置,其特征在于,所述限位件为支架框,所述支架框具有窗口,所述芯片位于所述窗口内。
- 如权利要求9所述的电子装置,其特征在于,所述限位件内设置有用于安装螺栓的固定通孔,所述螺栓用于固定所述支架框和所述电路板。
- 如权利要求9所述的电子装置,其特征在于,所述支架框包括至少两个所述窗口,所述电路板上对应每个所述窗口的位置安装一个所述芯片。
- 如权利要求1-11任一项所述的电子装置,其特征在于,所述电路板包括第一板和第二板;所述芯片安装在所述第二板,所述第二板设置有多个安装通孔;所述第一板设置所述限位件,所述限位件从所述安装通孔穿出所述第二板。
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